MediaWiki:Sitesupport-url

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    <title>MediaWiki:Sitesupport-url</title>
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      <timestamp>2021-10-28T08:33:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Maintenance script</username>
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      <comment>Setting sidebar link</comment>
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    <title>Sitjumaq na sapitj</title>
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      <timestamp>2021-10-28T08:35:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Martin Urbanec</username>
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      <comment>Martin Urbanec pinapapigagiljigilji anga a lisadayan na sapitj kemasi ta [[Sitjumaq na sapitj]] a patje [[sitjumaq na sapitj]]：to make mainpage show up</comment>
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      <text bytes="36" sha1="rebiehpf6xcdno8dqi74nlmt6punwaj" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[sitjumaq na sapitj]]</text>
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    <title>kakivauvaljan:NUMBEROFARTICLES</title>
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      <text bytes="89" sha1="05wxzf5564tbnpqyt76z00uvojyvcl6" xml:space="preserve">[[pinakisumaljiyan:Prefixindex/Wp/pwn|{{PAGESINCATEGORY:Wp/pwn}}]]&lt;noinclude&gt;&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:User language/pwn</title>
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      <text bytes="569" sha1="f97yetcotawf1jmucet78hing3y9xjg" xml:space="preserve">{{#switch:{{{1}}}
 |name = pinaywanan
 |text = {{#switch:{{{2}}}
   |0=inika kemeljang aicu a caucau ta [[:category:user pwn|pinaywanan]].
   |1=kedri a kineljang naicu a caucau ta [[:category:user pwn|pinaywanan]].
   |2=kemeljang aicu a caucau ta [[:category:user pwn|pinaywanan]].
   |3=macaqu aicu a caucau ta [[:category:user pwn|pinaywanan]].
   |4=[[:category:user pwn|pinaywanan]] a kinacaqu naicu a caucau.
   |N=[[:category:user pwn|paywan]] a kinakaian naicu a caucau.
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}}&lt;noinclude&gt;[[pinapapilipiliqan:Template subpages|User language/pwn]]&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasakacedas</title>
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      <text bytes="49" sha1="ok739t02hpvlhtn9broit63txvb8b4m" xml:space="preserve">pinayuanan a kai nua i pasakacedas(東排灣語)
</text>
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  <page>
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      <text bytes="48" sha1="f6s5xz8lm64sgji5rknergh31qs5zx8" xml:space="preserve">pinayuanan a kai nua i pasanavalj(南排灣語)
</text>
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  <page>
    <title>pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasavecekadan</title>
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      <id>18</id>
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      <text bytes="51" sha1="i36oj1r2hmmj2c4fdd13ilkvhw19sy7" xml:space="preserve">pinayuanan a kai nua i pasavecekadan(中排灣語)
</text>
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  <page>
    <title>pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasaviri</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>9</id>
    <revision>
      <id>22</id>
      <parentid>21</parentid>
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      <text bytes="106" sha1="952kf6p9b1gm672i5zp5yxiycnctn2q" xml:space="preserve">kinacalisianan a kai nua i pasaviri(北排灣語)
[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasakacedas]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Akira Suzuki</title>
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      <timestamp>2024-06-08T06:11:11Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
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      <comment>Akira Suzuki, 2010</comment>
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      <text bytes="6913" sha1="dkzhsx7dy98vh9invj9vk4g4noyjvcx" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Nobel prize medal.svg|25px]] Akira Suzuki
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[sineqetj a vecik:Nobel_Prize_2010-Press_Conference_KVA-DSC_7370.jpg|thumb|Akira Suzuki, 2010|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | physician
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kangadanan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  鈴木 章
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Japan.svg|25px]] [[Dripun]] 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1930.9.12
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Japan.svg|25px]][[Dripun]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|sinsi
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Herbert Charles Brown
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|gakku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Hokkaidō a Daigakku
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kasusu
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 2 a aljak
|-
|}

ti '''Akira''' lja '''Suzuki''' (鈴木 章/ すずき あきら Suzuki Akira, 1930.9.12- )

Suzuki Akira, sinipualjak i 1930 a cavilj a kugacu a tapuluq kata drusa a qadavan, a sinsi a kinkiu tua 化學i ripun timadju, izua a pungadanngadan(有名的) a sinsi uta i 北海道大學 timadaju, saka sedjumak timadju ta “鈴木反應”, qaw pakaleva tjiamatju ta “文化勳章”kata “kinisamuljam nua kakudan(文化功勞)”

masa a kinasamuljan nimadju tua patjara “kemudakuda a 鈀催化交叉偶聯反應 na有機合成  ”sa pinakalevavan ta “諾貝爾化學獎”kata 理察·赫克, 根岸英一ka 2010 a cavilj.


==kasucuayanga a sikavaljutan kata sinupuan==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Nobel Laureates for Chemistry 2010.jpg|thumb|right|220px|]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:Nobel Prize 2010-Press Conference KVA-DSC 8019.jpg|thumb|right|220px|]]
kemasi a 北海道膽振綜合振興局管內鵡川町 i [[Dripun|ripun]] timadju. nu daygakuanga timadju, kisupuanga ta katupu a 《有機化學手冊》（Textbook of Organic Chemistry）nua Louis Fieser kata 《硼氫化》（Hydroboration） na 赫爾伯特·布朗, sa papaqenetj tjiamadju a macepeliv a sugaku (數學) tua kitulu ta 化學, saka kitjaulanga i daygaku a 北海道大學, qaw qemacuvung ta hakasi nua 北大理學timadju nu navinecikanga ta lunubn (論文) a 《氫化菲衍生物的合成》（ヒドロフェナンスレン誘導体の合成）ka 1960 a cavilj. 

ka 1961 a cavilj, masananga ta sinsi a 助理教授 timadju i 北大工學部, sa masan ta sinsi a kisanvenarung (教授) ka 1973 a cavilj. izua a tjelu a cavilj a kemasi 1963 a cavilj, tinulu a Suzuki Akira na 赫爾伯特·布朗 i daygaku a 普渡大學 i amilika, sa kitulutulu ta 有機硼化合物 timadju, mavananga a tjatjas nua kinasamuljan nimadju nutjaivirilj.

==sengsengan== 

ka 1970 a cavilj, kituluanan ti Suzuki Akira ta 偶聯反應 i daygaku a 北大, sa napacun kata kemeljang a “鈴木反應” timadju, qaw pakeljang ta zuma ka 1979 a cavilj. azua a “鈴木反應” a sikaqeljing a ravac a pucemel ta saqetjuan a 癌症, 愛滋病, kata malang ta 液晶, avan a manguanguaq nua 有機合成化學 kata 材料科學. nakinemnem timadju tua azua a “鈴木反應” mavananga a kinudan nua aicu a kuga nimadju, sa inika kinudan nimadju a macidilj. masa a kemudan na Suzuki Akira, saka maqati a tinulu a “偶聯反應” na zuma, manguaq tua tjuruvu a caucau patjetucu.

ka 1994 a cavilj, qemacuvung a sengsengan timadju i 北大理學部 a drusa a cavilj kata 工學部 a tjelu a puluq kata drusa a qecev na cavilj, sa masananga ta pungadanngadan(有名的) a sinsi i 北大. saka temulu timadju i daygaku i 岡山理科大學 kata 倉敷藝術科學大學 patje a 2002 a cavilj. katjivirilj ta 2009 a cavilj, temulu timadju kata 根岸英一 i daygaku i 國立臺灣大學 tua ita a cavilj, sa pinakalevavan timadju ta “諾貝爾化學獎” kata 理察·赫克, 根岸英一 ka 2010 a cavilj a ziugacu a unem a qadavan.

masa a patalidu ta 聯合國教科文組織（UNESCO）a 國際化學年 nua 2011 a cavilj, sa pinakalevavan tjai Suzuki Akira tua UNESCO官刊《教科文組織信使》a kitjaucikel, kata masananga a vinecikan a “a tigami tua maqacuvucuvung a 化學家” (〈致年輕化學家的信〉&quot;Letter to a young chemist&quot;) a kipasasevalit.

==pinakalevavan==

ka 1986 a cavilj- pinakalevavan ta “Weissberger-Williams Lectureship Award”

ka 1987 a cavilj- pinakalevavan ta “韓國化學會功勞獎”

ka 1989 a cavilj- pinakalevavan ta “日本化學會獎”

ka 1995 a cavilj- pinakalevavan ta “DowElanco Lectureship Award”

ka 2000 a cavilj- pinakalevavan ta “The H. C. Brown Lecture Award”

ka 2003 a cavilj- pinakalevavan ta “有機合成化學協會特別獎”

ka 2004 a cavilj- pinakalevavan ta “日本學士院獎（patjara kitulu ta 鈀催化的新有機合成反應）”

ka 2009 a cavilj- pinakalevavan tua masan ta 英國皇家化學學會特別會士

ka 2009 a cavilj- pinakalevavan ta “Paul Karrer Gold Medal” （katjaivirilj ta中西香爾, avan a masannusalj a caucau i ripun）

ka 2010 a cavilj- pinakalevavan ta “諾貝爾化學獎（patjara kitulu ta有機合成中鈀催化偶聯反應）”

ka 2010 a cavilj- pinakalevavan ta “kinisamuljam nua kakudan(文化功勞)”

ka 2010 a cavilj- pinakalevavan ta “文化勳章”

ka 2010 a cavilj- pinakalevavan ta “北海道功勞獎別獎”

ka 2010 a cavilj- pinakalevavan tua masan ta鵡川町特別名譽町民

ka 2010 a cavilj- pinakalevavan ta “鵡川町特別功勞獎”

ka 2010 a cavilj- pinakalevavan ta “江別市特別榮譽獎”

ka 2011 a cavilj- pinakalevavan tua masan ta日本學士院會員.

ka 2012 a cavilj- pinakalevavan tua masan ta英國皇家化學學會榮譽會士

ka 2016 a cavilj- pinakalevavan tua sikamasanitalj a 國立成功大學榮譽講座（honorary chair professorship）


==qinavu nimadju==

-ka 2010 a cavilj a ziugacu a unem a qadavan, uri pinakalevavan a 諾貝爾化學獎 tjai Suzuki Akira, qaw qivu timadju: “ika masalu aken!” nu mangtjez ta 記者 i umaqan nimadju.

-naqivu a malailaing ti 蓮舫 ka 2009 a cavilj ta: “mavan a kisasusu angata ta masanitalj a sasupuin nua ripun? inia maqati a masanmusalj? &quot; saka, kirivuan ti Suzuki Akira, “sa inika kemeljang a 科學 timadju!” “nu kitulutulu, mavan a kisasusu tua masanitalj, akumaya a masanmusalj? avan a kulugan a kivadaq!”

-ka 2010 a cavilj a ziunigacu a alu a qadavan, naqivu ti Suzuki Akira i daydaku a 斯德哥爾摩大學, tucu a cemel ta pucemel a qizingan na djamuq (血壓), izua a 鈴木反應 ljawa ika sinipukeljangan nimadja, sa maqati a cemekauanan.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Alishan</title>
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      <timestamp>2024-08-17T18:23:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
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      <comment>/* kasizuan */</comment>
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|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''alishan gu''' 
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:傍晚的阿里山區.jpg|thumb|center|maljeveljev a alishan gu]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Psoseongana - Alísan - (Alishan, Chiayi County).svg|thumb|center|inuan i alishan gu]] 
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|tjaljatekuan a gimeng
|kagi king (chiayi county)
|-
|san kilalaing ta gu a caucau
|翁章梁
|-
|kadjunangan
|1,903.6367 km2
|-
|caucau
|5,484
|-
|}

'''Alishan(阿里山)'''
aicu a '''Alishan gu'''  na seqaqusa pasa i kacedas  i [[Chiayi]] i [[Taiwan]]. pulingetj a kadjunangan na Alishan gu masan 468.34 a kuzulj a mituruturu (maqlinpan atjunang  389.79 a kuzulj a mituruturu, maqlinaule atjunang 83.84 a kuzulj a mituruturu).  izua malje 4,081 mapuljat imaza, ljakua izua malje 1,373 (85%) a [[Cuzuku]] a caucau i Alishan gu.

==kadjunangan==
aicu a pinapungadan ta psoseongana nua alishan a kadjunangan, i pasakacedas ta kagi king. a tjaikacedas tua alishan, mavan a [[Xinyi|nehunpu (xinyi gu)]] i lamtaw king kata ngani (taoyuan gu) i takaw. a pasaviri mavan a teksan (zhushan) i lamtaw king. a pasanavalj izua a [[Dapu|kanakanabu (dapu gu)]] kata [[Namasia|namasia]] i takaw. a pasakaledep izua muî-san (meishan gu), yomasana kata romasana (mavan a zhuqi gu), kata huan-lōo (fanlu gu).

==cinalivatan==
aicu a psoseongana kasicuayan a kinaizuazua nua secou a kacalisian a kadjunangan. matjalialiaw a qinaljan. na pinaljavakan na mamazangiljan nua se paiwan (tucu i ’akaw) a qinaljan a imaza. 

kasicuayan, ru kiqecev a cou ta sebunun imaza.

qadjav a kemasi ta kacaviljan a 1700 a patje kacaviljan a 1800, na djemaljun a pairang se tek-kiā (tucu i zhuqi gu) kata muî-san (tucu i meishan gu) a semamaza i psoseongana (tucu i alishan gu) a qemav ta kadjunangan na cou. na masapaqeve a cou taza pairang, naselapay a maqaqeciqeci imaza. ka vililjanga, tjaljumazanga sakamaya a pairang a lemingedjelj ta qinaljan niamadju, maru pùn-ki-ôo kata luili imaza. manasika vaikanga a cou a sema vukid a kemikim ta zumazuma a kadjunangan a kaizuanan.

==paljavak tua qinaljan==
masan 12 a qinaljan i Alishan. 
* Niae’ ucna（里佳部落）
*Tapangu（達邦部落）
*Tfuya（特富野部落）
*Lalauya（樂野部落）
*Pnguu（來吉部落）
*Saviki（山美部落）
*Sinvi（新美部落）
*Cayamavana（茶山部落）

==guciu==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; | style=&quot;margin: 0px&quot; |
!--||ngadan||
|-
|1||Uongu Yatauyogana||
|-
|2||Wen-li Wang||
|-
|3||Wen-li Wang||
|-
|4||Yei-ren Wu||
|-
|5||Yei-ciu Tjiang||
|-
|6||Yu-yi Tjiang||
|-
|7||Yu-yi Tjiang||
|-
|8||Yei-ren Wu||
|-
|9||Yei-ren Wu||
|-
|10||Yei-ren Wu||
|-
|11||Zung-sing Se||
|-
|12||Zung-sing Se||
|-
|13||Pau-hu Tang||
|-
|14||Pau-hu Tang||
|-
|15||Min-li Chen||
|-
|16||Min-li Chen||
|-
|17||Li-cuan Du||tucu
|}

==pungadan a caucau==
*Uongu Yatauyogana
*Yapasuyongʉ Yulunana
*Pasuya ’e Poiconʉ
*Paicx Yatauyungana
*Yulunana Tanivu

==iyubingkiuku (yuzeng)==

===sasupuan na iyubingkiuku===
605 a sasupuan na iyubingkiku se alishan gu.

==kivangavangan==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Alishan (阿里山) - panoramio.jpg|kaledep i alishan
阿里山賓館 Alishan House - panoramio.jpg|hanahana i alishan
阿里山小火車.jpg|kedrikedri a kisiya i alishan
Lalauya.JPG|i alishan
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==kinaqadavan==
jemaljeqelan imaza i Alishan.


==sipacacikelan==

===djalan na kisiya===
====djalan a alishan na kisiya i kasikasiw====
*'''djalan a alishan''': kemasi ta ljaljevavavan a duolin a cemalivat ta ljaljevavavan a shizilu, &lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;ljaljevavavan a pingzhena&lt;/span&gt;, &lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;ljaljevavavan a erwanping&lt;/span&gt;, ljaljevavavan a ''sacred tree'', ljaljevavavan a alishan a patje ljaljevavavan a zhaoping (semekez a kasiya a i ljeljavavan a pingzhena kata erwanping tucu)

*'''djalan a cusan''': kemasi ta ljaljevavavan a alishan a cemalivat tua ljaljevavavan a zhaoping, ljaljevavavan a shizifendao, xinyi gu, a patje ljaljevavavan a cusan

===basu===
*'''basu a kukang'''
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;'''1835''' &lt;/span&gt;kemasi ta taihuku a patjemaza i alishan
*'''basu a yuanlin'''
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;'''6739''' &lt;/span&gt;kemasi ta zintun (sun moon lake) a patjemaza i alishan
*'''basu a kagi'''
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;'''7302''' &lt;/span&gt;kemasi ta lizuk a kagi a patje pùn-ki-ôo (fenchihu lake)
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;'''7314''' &lt;/span&gt;kemasi ta lizuk a kagi a patje tapangʉ
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;'''7322''' &lt;/span&gt;kemasi ta lizuk a kagi a patjemaza i alishan
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;'''7329''' &lt;/span&gt;kemasi ta ljaljevavavan na djaljaljav a kasiya a patjemaza i alishan
*'''namanguaq a basu na alishan gu'''
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;'''sangasangasan a djalan na namanguaq a basu''' &lt;/span&gt;kemasi ta longmei a patje cayamavana
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;'''sikamasanmusalj a djalan na namanguaq a basu''' &lt;/span&gt;kemasi ta shihjhuo a patje fengshan

===palidring a djalan===
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW18.svg|省道|23px]] palidring a djalan a alishan (patje gadu a kanasi)
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW149a.svg|30px]] sikamasan 149A a palidring a djalan na kagi king
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW169.png|25px]] sikamasan 169 a palidirng a djalan na kagi king
*sikamasan 129-1 a djalan (djalan a sin-mei): pasa ​kanakanabu (dapu gu) kata namasia na takaw

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]

[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasakacedas]]</text>
      <sha1>djpt8n736i11uxwgzq3sn7k2x492j8r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Amit Kulilay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>12</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12301</id>
      <parentid>10565</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T14:07:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>12301</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6649" sha1="2r9xsibuor2emdk4jy3tpwkau9coafg" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |Amit Kulilay
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[sineqetj a vecik:A-Mei World Tour in Taipei Arena 20100319.jpg|thumb|Amit Kulilay|250px|center]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | rusenasenai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |vavayan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Inamilikan a ngadan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |aMEI
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1972.8.9 (45 a cavilj) 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]]Taitu,[[Taiwan]], 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Puyuma
|-
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kai
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Ljinautian, Pinuyuma
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kaqinaljan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[Taitu king|Taitu]], [[Taiwan]]

|-
|}
se qinaljan na tamalrakaw i [[Beinan|puyuma]] na [[Taitu king|taitu king]] a pinuyumayan '''ti kulilay lja amit''' (pinualjakan ka 9 a qadaw na 8 a qiljas na 1972 a kacaviljan) a pungadan a kisansemenasenay i [[Taiwan|taiwan]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20141129114107/http://english.moc.gov.tw/article/index.php?sn=581 &quot;2010 : A-MEI&quot;]. Ministry of Culture (Taiwan). Archived from [https://www.moc.gov.tw/ the original] on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 29 December 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=x6S-DwAAQBAJ&amp;pg=PT49&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false&lt;/ref&gt; sinikeljang nimadju aza ngadan a amei uta. na semenay timadju taza &quot;kaka a vavayan&quot; kacaviljan a 1996. sinipapuligu nimadju aicu a &quot;kaqulidan&quot; (kacaviljan a 2001), &quot;amit&quot; (kacaviljan a 2009), kata &quot;mudingan na paranuya&quot; (siaya taicu a paranuya a paranoia nua kakaian na amerika; kacaviljan a 2014) tua tjaljabulayan a vavayan a kisansemenasenay nua ciniukuan i tua quljizar a pinapuliguan ta senay. tjaliaw tua 5,000 a kudrav a sasusuan tua pinaveli a sinansenay nimadju patjetucu, manasika pazangal aravac timadju tua kinasenayan na ciniukuan (tinailikuan).

==papusengeseng tua sinenay==
===patagiljan ta semenay&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt; (a kemasi tua kacaviljan a 1972 a patje kacaviljan 1996)&lt;/small&gt;===
pinapualjakan ni amei a i kinacemekeljan na pinuyumayan ka 9 a qadaw na qiljas a 8 na kacaviljan a 1972. kaqinaljan nimadju a i [[Beinan|puyuma (beinan gu)]] na [[Taitu king|taitu king]]. ti kulilay lja amit a pinuyumayan a pinapungadan nimadju. na vaikanga ti amei a sema taihuku kacaviljan a 1992 tazua patagiljan nimadju tua semanay i ''wuteng'' a papuliguan ta semenay i tua tinse. ljakua ka viliviljanga a malalumalj, inika pinapuligu a senay nimadju. mumalj a vaik timadju a semenay i kazumazumanga a papuliguan tua semenay ka 1993 a caviljan tazua na papuligu anga timadju tua semenay.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/archives/2018/10/07/2003701884&lt;/ref&gt; meseljang tia amei a semenay tjaivililj ka 1995 a caviljan. kinateveteveljan niamadju izua ti amei, kaka nimadju, katua zumanga a caucau a kisanljemingaljingaw (rusanljingaljingaw). ka patagiljang tiamadju a semenay i pubiruan (pub) i taihuku. tazua tjengelay aravac ti yiseng lja cang (張雨生) tua sinenay ni amei. malalaing timadju tua vuwa a papusengesengan tua senay (Forward Music). manasika tjaivililj a pinavavecikan niamadju ka 3 a qiljas na kacaviljan a 1996, namatazua a kinsansemenasenay ti amei.

===vuwa a papusengesengan tua senay (Forward Music)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt; (a kamasi ta kacaviljan a 1996 a patje kacaviljan a 2000)&lt;/small&gt;===
[[sineqetj a vecik:-i---i- (6903859780).jpg|thumb|right|220px|semenasenay ti amit.]]
sangasangasan a sinenay ni amei aicu a i &quot;qudjidjilj a kipasasudjuan&quot; a sinansenayan ni yiseng nua ka 7 a qiljas na kacaviljan a 1996, tazua na semenay ti amei taza senay a &quot;nu tjakisudju tjasemaljivalaw.&quot; na semansenayanga kimadju taza &quot;kaka a vavayan&quot; ka 12 a qiljas nua kacaviljan a 1996. meseljang a sinenay na kina katua kaka a vavayan nimadju a i sasenayan a sinanqapulu nua i sinansenay nimadju. sikamasanmusalj a sinansenayanga nimadju aza &quot;BADBOY (manganga a uqaljay)&quot; ka 6 a qiljas nua kacaviljan a 1997.

sikamasantjelulj a sinansenayan ni amei aicu a &quot;gemegemen a lima&quot; ka 10 a qiljas nua kacaviljan a 1998. 

mavananga aicu a &quot;maqati ku qinevet sun, a ku sudjuan?&quot; a sikamasansimatjelj a sinansenay ni amei ka 6 a qiljas nua kacaviljan a 1999.

na padetanga a paqulid a masanmalailaing ti Chúi-píⁿ lja Tân i tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]] ka 5 a qiljas nua kacavilj a 2000, na kisankuya aravac a sihu na ciuku ayatazua sinenay ni amei a senay na kukka a taiwan (R.O.C). manasika, tucu kipidalj a cavilj, na suqelamanga a sihu nua tailigu nu mangetjez ti amit.&lt;ref&gt;http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/asia-pacific/761908.stm&lt;/ref&gt;

sikamasanlimalj aicu a &quot;Regardless&quot; a sinansenayan ni amit ka 12 a qiljas nua kacavilj a 2000, tazua vilivililjan a sinasenay nimadju i tua vuwa a papusengesengan tua senay.

===kinasenayan na wana (Warner Music)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt; (a kemasi ta kacaviljan a 2001 a patje kacaviljan a 2006)&lt;/small&gt;===
na semansenayanga ti amit tua sikamasanemelj a sinansenayan nimadju aza “kaqulidan” ka 6 a qiljas nua kacaviljan a 2001, nu tjaivililj tazua papuvecikan nimadju i tua kinasenayan na wana nua i [[Taiwan|taiwan]].

===EMI katua quljizar a raljiz&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt; (a kemasi ta kacaviljan a 2007 a patje kacaviljan a 2014)&lt;/small&gt;===
semupaysu aravac a kinasenayan na wana (Warner Music) a papusinbun tua vavecikan niamadju tjai amit ka 4 a qiljas nua kacavilj a 2007.&lt;ref&gt;http://chinaplus.cri.cn/&lt;/ref&gt;

pinapuvecikan ni amit sa papusengeseng tua senay i tua EMI nua i taiwan ka 6 a qiljas nua kacaviljan a 2014. mavananga aciu a sikamasansimuluq sa sepatj a sinansenayan ni amit a “mudingan na paranuya” ka 7 a qiljas nua kacaviljan a 2014.

sinipapuligu nimadju aza sinansenayan tua tjaljabulayan a vavayan a kisansemenasenay nua ciniukuan i tua quljizar a pinapuliguan ta senay tjaivililj.

===kinasenayan na wana (Warner Music)(華納音樂)===

==sinansenayan==
&quot;kaka a vavayan&quot; (kacaviljan a 1996)
&lt;br /&gt;&quot;BADBOY (manganga a uqaljay)&quot; (kacaviljan a 1997)
&lt;br /&gt;&quot;gemegemen a lima&quot; (kacaviljan a 1998)
&lt;br /&gt;&quot;maqati ku qinevet sun, a ku sudjuan?&quot; (kacaviljan a 1999)
&lt;br /&gt;&quot;amit&quot; (kacaviljan a 2009)
&lt;br /&gt;&quot;amit 2&quot; (kacaviljan a 2015)

==kasizuan==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>2r9xsibuor2emdk4jy3tpwkau9coafg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Basu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>13</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10430</id>
      <parentid>10196</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-07-28T23:29:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Praxidicae|Praxidicae]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>7506</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="145" sha1="lnx3ihp3fkzhqtmmxvgflblccs99dgb" xml:space="preserve">aicu a basu.
[[sineqetj a vecik:17-12-14-Madrid-RalfR-DSCF0989.jpg|thumb|aicu a basu.]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:統聯客運 207-FS 2.JPG|thumb|Basu]]</text>
      <sha1>lnx3ihp3fkzhqtmmxvgflblccs99dgb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Beinan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>14</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11183</id>
      <parentid>11167</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-28T01:39:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Praxidicae</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>rvv</comment>
      <origin>7927</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10326" sha1="c7u723bzzammusoa6qexo82cn4bhk0b" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''binan'''&lt;br&gt;(卑南鄉)&lt;/br&gt;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:黃金海岸 Golden Coast - panoramio.jpg|thumb|center|a i pasaljavek i binan]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Beinan Township.svg|thumb|center|binan imaza]]
|-
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|taitu
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|puyuma
|-
|sepaljavak
|tapuluq saka tjelu a mula, tjelu taiday a talingan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
|
-許文獻pacun ta guciu na binan 

-nasebinan a gukusiu

-daihiyukay na binan

|-
|pulingetjan nua kadjunangan 
|412.6871km²
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|alu taiday a maru vavavan tadjekuacan (800m) 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na cawcau


-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-ita kudrav sa unem a kuzulj sa siva a taiday sa sepatj puluq a siva a caucau (16,949)(2021 a cavilj ita qiljas)

-masanmusalj 

-unem a kuzulj sa alu a taiday saka sepatj puluq kata drusa paljingan (6,842)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|954
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10014040
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|yanping (延平鄉), shikanu (鹿野鄉), vavukud (東河鄉), valangaw, tjavuali , daren; vudai
|}

a binan (pinuyumakan: puyuma; ’inamizukuan: Puyuma; rinukaian: Pinang; nginaingayngan: biˊ namˇ hiongˊ; pinairangan: Pi-lâm-hiong) imaza i pasakacedas a vecekadan tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]], a i viri nakidjekec tua [[Luye|shikano]] katua inpiing, a i pasakacedas a viri mavananga a i vavukud, a i tjaikacedas mavan a taipingyang a ljavek, a pasamaza ledepan kicencen nakipuljaqedi ta i [[Wutai|vuday]], a i navalj nakicaing tua i [[Taitung|valangaw]], tjavuali katua djinfung. 

aicu kadjunangan imaza i navalj tua kalingu a sema taitu a nakilaing tua gadu a lizulizuk, saka pinulingetjan nua vecekadan a gadu i taiwan kata makaljavek a marekagadu, au izua a unem puluq a pasaliaw a calisilisi a kadjunangan, izua a nakemasi binan a pana, kadjipun a pana, likavung a pana a makabinan a guan. a kadjunangan namasan semezan tu kemaledeledep. 

a i binan gu a caucau izua manita kudraw sa unem a kuzulj sa siva a taiday sa sepatj puluq a siva a caucau (16,949 a caucau) (2021 a caviljan ita qiljasan), na i [[Taitu king|taituking]] tjalja tjuruvuruvuan a caucau a mula taguan. a imaza caucau sedjelj a pairang katua 35% a kacalisiyan (izua a puyuma zuku, amizuku katua rukai zuku), a pakata nugiu a sengsengan izua. tucuanga masa i kadjipun a ungesing katua a rusenasenay a ti [[Amit Kulilay|amit kulilay]] a sinikaligu, au masan vaquan a tataliduan a qinaljan, a remayurangan a sengsegnan meqaca saka mirazek. 

a kai pinuyumakan, ’inamizukuan katua pinairangan.

==cinalivatan==
kasicuayan aza i binan a pinaljavakan, ka valjakana a nadjemadjas, namasanparavac i pasakacedas. aza uranda nu qivu “pimala” aya.

ka cinting a djiday cineviqe tu masan na kacalisian a kadjunangan. likinay a paqetelem a ljitaladj. au tazua izua a pinaka “binan alu a qinaljan” a qinepu. 

aza ngadan a binan aya, namasanlialiaw a sirukaiyan, a tja semalu a qivuan avan za “pinaski” a siqivuan. a kai a kinacalisianan “puyuma” aya aza imi, nagemaugaw ta tjeljavavavan a vadis. sinpapukining ta mamazangiljan a ti “pinaray”, mavananga a tucu kisiya a “puyuma” kemasi a ngadan. 

ka 1875 a caviljan lemindjelj tua binanting (卑南廳). ka 1886 a caviljan pavalitan ta taitu tjelizu (直隸州). aza sitjaisangasan a kinkinkiu a kamakama ni huse (胡適) a kama ti vuvu i hutihua (胡鐵花) a kicapilj ta kakudan. ka ripung a nadjemadjas tazua, lemindjelj tua binanzuang (卑南庄), sinipaljavak tua taituting taiducin(台東郡). ka 1944 a caviljan tapuluq sa drusa a qiljas ita qadaw, sualapen a binancung sa sipatevelj ta taitudje (臺東街)(na sihu a kubung 326), masan tjaljavililjan a inumalj na ripung a sihu i taiwan a kinapangaljan a paljavak. kapuaming a maqaqeci, taitutji pavalitan tua ngadan a taitucen (臺東鎮). au aza izua angata binancung a paljavak patjatjaw vadaying, sipatevelj ta i taiducin a nakacalisian a i pasaviri a kadjunangan.

ka 1974 a caviljan aicu a taitucen paljavavaven masan hici, au sipatevelj a binan a guan, puyuma (南王), vukang (富岡), yanwan (岩灣), sinyan (新園), tjinsin (建興), nanlung (南榮), kadjipun (知本), vungtin (豐田), kasavakan (建和) a matapuluq a qinaljan a pasa ta valangaw. a paqepu tu djemalun tu puluq a kudraw a caucau, sikamasan a kabinan a mula ika nua sebinan. au tjaemusiluyan za nasebinan a gukusiu i taitu king a kadjunangan, avan nusiselapay a kinanguaqan a hici. ka tjaivililjanga aza a sebinan gilisiu patjavat a mataiping a qinaljan, ka 1992 a caviljan tapuluq kata drusa a qiljas puluq sa unem a qadaw, tazua za paka navalj nuakisiya a djaljan a binan a ljaljevavavan pavalitan tua taitu atalasi a disiaba (ka 2001 a cavilj pavalitan siqivuan tu taitu disiaba).

==paljavak tua kadjunangan==
izua tapuluq saka tjelu a mula imaza.  
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|行政區劃
|sepaljavak
|-
|臨海地區（卑南溪至東海岸）3村:
|makaljaving tua ljavek (izua tjelu a mula)
|-
|利吉村（利基利吉）
|dikidiki a mula
|-
|富源村（海岸山脈地區）
|vuyung mula (ljaviljaving a gadugaduan)
|-
|富山村（加路蘭、杉原）
|vudavudak/vusan a mula
|-
|內陸北區（太平溪以北）5村:
|i viri a tjaljatalatj a kadjunangan (izua lima a mula)
|-
|賓朗村（檳榔樹格）
|alipay a mula
|-
|美農村（高台）
|minung a mula (tjavavaw lizuk a kadjunangan
|-
|初鹿村（初鹿部落/北絲鬮社）
|ulivelivek a mula
|-
|明峰村（初鹿牧場）
|danadanaw a mula (papuquzipan ta dubuc a kadjunangan)
|-
|嘉豐村（稻葉、山里）
|kalito'od/sanri a mula 
|-
|內陸南區4村:
|i navalj a tjaljatalatj a kadjunangan (izua sepatj a mula)
|-
|太平村（卑南鄉行政中心）
|taiping a mula 
|-
|泰安村（大巴六九部落）
|taian/tamalakaw a mula
|-
|利嘉村（呂家望）
|lika/likavung a mula
|-
|東興村（達魯瑪克/大南）
|dungsin/taromak a mula
|-
|知本地區（知本溪流域）1村:
|makaljaving tua djipun pana a kadjunangan (izua ita mula)
|-
|溫泉村（知本溫泉）
|katatipul a mula (djipun a ungesing) 
|}

==caucau==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1981
|drusa kudrav sa sepatj a kuzulj sa sepatj a taiday sa drusa puluq a caucau (24,420 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1986
|drusa kudrav sa drusa a kuzulj sa pitju a taiday sa sepatj puluq sa pitju a caucau (22,747 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-6.9%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1991
|drusa kudrav sa ita a kuzulj sa lima a taiday sa tjelu puluq sa sepatj a caucau (21,534 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-5.3%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1996
|drusa kudrav sa unem a taiday sa siva puluq sa siva a caucau (20,699 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.9%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2001
|drusa kudrav sa lima puluq sa pitju a caucau (20,057 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.1%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2006
|ita kudrav sa alu a kuzulj sa pitju a taiday sa sepatj puluq sa lima a caucau (18,745 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-6.5%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2011
|ita kudrav sa alu a kuzulj sa lima puluq sa lima a caucau (18,055 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.7%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2016
|ita kudrav sa pitju a kuzulj sa sepatj a taiday sa sepatj puluq sa tjelu a caucau (17,443 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.4%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|}

==guciu==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|guciu
|-
|1 sangasangasan  
|簡景國
|-
|2 sikamasanmusalj
|許珍令
|-
|3-4 sikamasan tjelulj katua sikamasan simatjelj  
|賴萬成
|-
|5-6 sikamasan limalj katua sikamasan nemelj 
|王俊懋
|-
|7 sikamasan pitjulj 
|李添登
|-
|8-9 sikamasan valulj katua sikamasan sivalj
|洪文泰
|-
|10-11 sikamasan simuluq katua sikamasan simuluq saka ita
|邱慶華
|-
|12-13 sikamasan simuluq saka drusa katua sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu
|張卓然
|-
|14-15 sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj katua sikamasan simuluq saka lima
|張清忠
|-
|16 sikamasan simuluq saka unem
|吳信義
|-
|17-18 sikamasan simuluq saka pitju katua sikamasan simuluq saka alu
|許文獻 (tucu)
|}
==sinupuan==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|gaku na kutjung
|-
|gaku na kutjung a ulivelivek
|-
|gaku na kukumin
|-
|gaku na kukumin a taiping (太平)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a danan (大南)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a a’lripay
|-
|gaku na kukumin a katatipul
|-
|gaku na kukumin a likavung
|-
|gaku na kukumin a dungcen (東成)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a ulivelivek
|-
|gaku na kukumin a ulivelivek i sanri (山里)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a vusan (富山)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a vusan (富山) i litji (利吉)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a vusan (富山) i vuyung (富原)
|}

==nasidjaravacan==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''kisiya a djalan'''
|-
|taiwan kisiya kanriki 
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i taitu
|-
|disiaba i sanri (山里)
|-
|qetjung nua gadu a djalan i sanri (山里) 
|-
|}

{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''kunglu'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW9.svg|23px]] masansivalj a djalan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW9b.svg|23px]] masansivalj a yi (乙) a djalan i taiwan
|-
|masansimuluq sa ita a djalan i taiwan
|-
|masansimuluq sa ita a yi (乙) a djalan i taiwan
|-
|vinaciqan ta djalan
|-
|itaiday siva puluq sa sepatj a vinaciqan   
|-
|itaiday siva puluq sa pitju a vinaciqan   
|-
|}

==kivangavangan==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|初鹿牧場
|papuquzipan ta dubuc a kadjunangan
|-
|知本溫泉
|djipun a ungesing
|-
|達魯瑪克紀念碑
|taromak pinapukining a pinakeljang
|-
|杉原海水浴場 (美麗灣)
|sanyin iljavek a kivangavangan 
|-
|白玉風景區 
|izua kasiw kata hana a kakivangvangan na caucau i baiyu 
|}

==racev==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|釋迦
|qamuljumulju
|-
|枇杷
|biwa
|-
|茶葉
|utja
|-
|高接梨
|nasi
|}

== namakeljang a caucau ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|[[Amit Kulilay|amit kulilay]] (rusenasenai)
|-
|saya kulilay (rusenasenai) (ti 張惠春)
|-
|alines (rusenasenai) (ti 黃美珍)
|-
|samingad blubluone (rusenasenai) (ti 紀曉君)
|-
|auli blubluone (rusenasenai) (ti 紀家盈)
|-
|badai (semanvecik ta bulabulay a sapitj) (ti 巴代)  
|}

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>c7u723bzzammusoa6qexo82cn4bhk0b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Biung Tak-Banuaz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>15</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11155</id>
      <parentid>11057</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-26T18:33:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/83.11.191.203|83.11.191.203]]（[[User talk:83.11.191.203|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>7508</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3248" sha1="ma8d4skzxaz4kuod7jaaxsct66ev6go" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |Biung Tak-Banuaz
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[sineqetj a vecik:WebTVAsia 網羅大明星 EP57 王宏恩.png|240px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | rusenasenai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |
[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1975.7.26  (42 a cavilj)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] Taitu,[[Taiwan]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[Bunun]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|wangzan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |http://biung.pixnet.net/blog
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kaqinaljan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  [[Taitu king|Taitu]],  [[Taiwan]]

|-
|}

'''ti Biung lja Tak-Banuaz''' (Binunan: Biung Sauhluman Tankisia Takisvislainan Tak-Banuaz, 1975.7.26－) a kisansemenasenay i [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. a qinaljan nimadju aicu a [[Yanping|yenpin]] i tua [[Taitu king|valangaw (taitu king)]]. tjaivililj a kinitjaula nimadju a kemasi tua daigakku na dayeh i chionghoa king (Changhua County), na vaikanga timadju a masengseng i taihuku.

==kisansenasenayan==
sikamasansimatjelj a sinipapuligu ni biung tua semenay ta vinarungan aza &quot;maqadaw ayatua meljayanga&quot; i tua papuliguan tua semenay, tazua tatuluan nimadju i daigakku kacaviljan a 1999. maciuciuranga tia biung, azua kaka a uqaljay nimadju katua qali nimadju a semenay kacaviljan a 2000. kinateveteveljan niamadju aza &quot;kakedriyan se kinacalisiyan.&quot; pasavililj a mumalj a sinipapuligu nimadju tua semenay ta vinarungan aza &quot;&lt;small&gt;''山谷裡的吶喊''&lt;/small&gt;.&quot; sangasangasan a sasupuan nua sinenay nimadju ta vinarungan i taza pinapuliguan nua kikingkay ni teresa lja teng (&lt;small&gt;鄧麗君&lt;/small&gt;). 

pavavecikan timadju taza pavelian na WIND tua senasenay nu qemacuvung timadju ta tatuluan nimadju i tua daigakku na dayeh kacaviljan a 2000. namasan rusenasenay timadju tazua sangasangasan a sinansenay nimadju a &quot;cinunan&quot; ayain nu qiljas a unem nua maljian a cavilj. sinipungadan nimdju aza sinansenayan a &quot;cinunan&quot; tua tjaljabulayan a uqaljay a kisansemenasenay nua zumanga a kinakaian i tua sikamasansimuluq sa drusa quljizar a pinapuliguan ta senay ka 2001 a caviljan.

mavananga a sikamasanmusalj a sinansenay ni biung aza &quot;biung&quot; ka 30 a qadavan nua 8 a qiljas nua kacaviljan a 2001. sinipapuligu nimadju aza sinansenayan a &quot;biung&quot; tua tjaljabulayan a uqaljay a kisansemenasenay nua zumanga a kinakaian i tua sikamasansimuluq sa tjelu quljizar a pinapuliguan ta senay katjaivililj a 2002 a caviljan.

==sinenay ta vinarungan==
&quot;LOKAH&quot;-- kacaviljan a 2013

==iga==
&quot;kemaljava tua alibangbang&quot;-- namasan ''謝避風'' ti biung i taza iga kacaviljan a 2005.

==pinapuliguan==
===sikamasansimuluq sa tjelu a quljizar a pinapuliguan ta senay===
*'''tjaljabulayan a uqaljay a kisansemenasenay nua zumanga a kinakaian'''</text>
      <sha1>ma8d4skzxaz4kuod7jaaxsct66ev6go</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Bunun</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>16</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12288</id>
      <parentid>12175</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T09:39:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>12288</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4016" sha1="ejxqros6nzu3qosnyolptulttde7pfa" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CE0000; text-align:center; color: white; font-weight:bold&quot; |bunun
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:Bunun by Torii 1900 n7474.jpg|frameless]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CE0000; color: white; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sasupuan nua kinadriungan
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|qadjav a ma 60,305 a caucau&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(vinecik ka 5 a qiljas nua kacaviljan a 2021)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CE0000; color: white; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |kinaizuan
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|a i vecekadan nua i gadugaduan a vecekadan
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CE0000; color: white; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | kai
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center| kai a bunun
|-
|}
aicu a '''Bunun''' zuku nuaya mavan na imaza i [[Taiwan|Taivang]] a [[kacalisian]]. nasepaljavak tai taiciu, takau, [[Taitu king|Taitu]] katai [[Kalinku king|Kalinku]] king a Bunun zuku.

[[sineqetj a vecik:Wujie Overlook.jpg|thumb|Bunun zuku]]

==pinulingetjan==
[[sineqetj a vecik:台灣原住民，布農族獵人.jpg|thumb|right|upright|resanqemaljuqaljup a sebunun aicu.]]
aicu a Bunun zuku kemasi i Lukang a kinasizuan, aza pinulingetjan na Bunun zuku, kemasi viri i Ren-ai a patagilj, sa pasa navalj djemaljun i [[Namasia|namasiya]], sa pasa kacedas i [[Haiduan|haituan]].

==kaizuazuan==
==supu na Bunun zuku a caucau==
a supu nua Bunun zuku a caucau tucu, izua man 57,982 sakaizua, qau tjaljatjuruvuan a yi pinui Nantu an a Bunun zuku a caucau.

{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+pinulingetjan na Bunun zuku (2000)&lt;ref&gt;行政院主計處編,中華民國89年臺閩地區戶口及住宅普查報告&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! 
!supu
!total
!rate
|-
|Nantu
|align=right|11,116
|align=right|487,398
|align=right|2.28%
|-
|Takaw
|align=right|6,785
|align=right|1,262,969
|align=right|0.54%
|-
|Kalingku
|align=right|6,660
|align=right|327,064
|align=right|2.04%
|-
|Valangaw
|align=right|5,909
|align=right|204,919
|align=right|2.88%
|-
|Taihuku
|align=right|2,261
|align=right|3,722,082
|align=right|0.06%
|-
|Tauin
|align=right|1,923
|align=right|1,808,833
|align=right|0.11%
|-
|Taiciu
|align=right|1,643
|align=right|1,510,480
|align=right|0.11%
|-
|Takaw
|align=right|711
|align=right|1,493,806
|align=right|0.05%
|-
|Taiciu
|align=right|623
|align=right|989,047
|align=right|0.06%
|-
|Taipei
|align=right|529
|align=right|2,624,257
|align=right|0.02%
|-
|Changhua
|align=right|511
|align=right|1,255,332
|align=right|0.04%
|-
|Tailam
|align=right|441
|align=right|1,120,394
|align=right|0.04%
|-
|Qadaw
|align=right|417
|align=right|872,902
|align=right|0.05%
|-
|Sincu
|align=right|236
|align=right|451,316
|align=right|0.05%
|-
|Kagi
|align=right|215
|align=right|552,749
|align=right|0.04%
|-
|Gilan
|align=right|204
|align=right|444,950
|align=right|0.05%
|-
|Kilung
|align=right|172
|align=right|387,504
|align=right|0.04%
|-
|Yinlin
|align=right|132
|align=right|705,440
|align=right|0.02%
|-
|Tailam
|align=right|129
|align=right|725,985
|align=right|0.02%
|-
|Miauli
|align=right|122
|align=right|534,366
|align=right|0.02%
|-
|Sincu
|align=right|113
|align=right|395,746
|align=right|0.03%
|-
|Kingmen
|align=right|68
|align=right|56,275
|align=right|0.12%
|-
|Liantjang
|align=right|44
|align=right|17,775
|align=right|0.25%
|-
|Pinhu
|align=right|38
|align=right|83,214
|align=right|0.05%
|-
|Kagi
|align=right|36
|align=right|266,126
|align=right|0.01%
|-
!penuljat
!align=right|41,038
!align=right|22,300,929
!align=right|0.18%
|-
|}

==pungadan a caucau==
;rusenasenai
*[[Biung Tak-Banuaz]]

;ruvecivecik
*Husluman Vava
* Tuobasi Tamapima

;kavusaman
*Dahu Ali

==milimilingan==
izua milimilingan nua caucau sebunun a patjara tjeljev. kasicuayan a tjemeljev tua kadjunangan i kacauan.

==pacunu uta ==
* [[Taiwan]]
* [[kacalisian]]

==kaizuanan==


==References==</text>
      <sha1>ejxqros6nzu3qosnyolptulttde7pfa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>COVID-19</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>17</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12148</id>
      <parentid>11672</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-02-22T23:52:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>20</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>12148</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="2656" sha1="cwju8ww0aji7whniiaiyjrhqej8jioq" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#00AAAA; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |seljayar sa saqetjuan sewuhan&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(COVID-19)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:Fphar-11-00937-g001.jpg|250px|center]]
|- style=&quot;background:#00AAAA; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinikeljang ta seljayar sa saqetjuan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuma a siaya
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |kuruna a seljayar (Coronavirus) sa saqetjuan ka 2019 a caviljan
|-
|}

Aicu a seljayar sa saqetjuan sewuhan nua i [[Tailiku|ciuku]] tucu.

==saqetjuan==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Symptoms of coronavirus disease 2019 4.0.svg|thumb|right|250px|mareka saqetjuan ayatua ljayar a sewhuan]]
Aicu a venecikan na penaywanan a “saqetju” avan a ngadan na saqetjuan, matu nu kilutulutud kata saljengseng. nu qivu ta saqetjuan nua paiwan, tjara qivu tua kinacavacavan tiamadju, matu saqetju a qulu, saqetju a tjiyalj. sa izuaga uta a ngadan na saqetjuan, matu ljaljeqel, tjeljivalivali, maqesang, makeving, maqurabu, qacen, qimang, puzengzenga, puqutal, guragur, lemuin, minvalak, pudru, kaljumatang, qamljuc, gulaca, pasariang, zalangezan, cikiray, mangilu.

Nu saqetjuqetju a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]], uri kinemenem tua qinazalj nua galalj, tuki masa kemudakuda a kinasaqetjuan na cawcau sa papinentjus ta vatitingan nimadju. saka, qatiyaw nu penalisi na kinacemekeljan sa saqetjuanga tiamadju, tuki kemudakuda a kinasaqetjuan na cawcau sa inadjuq a vatitingan nimadju izua, sa saqetjuqetju timadju. masanliawliaw a cemel tua papucemecemel a paiwan, kata izuaga a kisumalji a saqetjuan uta. ljawa, rupenalisi nu papucemecemel itjen.

==kinaparumaljan==

==kasizuan==
* [https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019 Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)] [https://www.who.int/emergencies/diseases/novel-coronavirus-2019/advice-for-public/myth-busters FACTS] by the [[World Health Organization]] (WHO)
* [https://www.cdc.gov/coronavirus/2019-ncov/index.html Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19)] by the US [[Centers for Disease Control and Prevention]] (CDC)
* [https://www.nhs.uk/conditions/coronavirus-covid-19/ Coronavirus (COVID-19)] by the UK [[National Health Service]] (NHS)
* [https://voice.baidu.com/act/newpneumonia/newpneumonia/ Epidemic COVID-19 real-time big data report]. The data comes from China national and provincial health commissions.
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20221231091346/https://nationaltaiwanuniversity.icu/covid-19.html Taiwan Students in the Time of COVID-19]. National Taiwan University (NTU)</text>
      <sha1>cwju8ww0aji7whniiaiyjrhqej8jioq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Changbin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>18</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9929</id>
      <parentid>9808</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-07-25T20:17:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>1234qwer1234qwer4</username>
        <id>202</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:48BE:438B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:48BE:438B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:48BE:438B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Praxidicae|Praxidicae]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>7494</origin>
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      <text bytes="8820" sha1="c8siv84vjeixjbtueyc35hmjcutauxy" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''cangbin'''

(長濱鄉)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Changbin Township.svg|thumb|center|cangbin imaza(qudjidji a pinakeljang)]] 
|-
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|taidu king
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|tjazuwan(加走灣)  
|-
|sepaljavak
|unem a mula, tapuluq sa ita a talingan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
|
-潘淑芳(pacun ta guciu na cangbin) 

-nasecangbin a gukusiu

-daihiyukay na cangbin

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan 
|155.1868km²
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|tjelu taiday sa unem puluq sa ita a maru vavavan tadjekuacan (361m) 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na caucau-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-unem a kuzulj sa alu a taiday sa alu puluq sa unem a caucau(6,886)(2021 a cavilj kata tjelu a qiljas)

-masansivalj 

-drusa a kuzulj sa alu a taiday sa siva puluq sa lima paljingan

(2,895)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|962
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10014080
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|cenkung, vungbin, yili, vuli
|}

cangbin gu (’inamizukuan: kakacawan；pinairangan：Tiông-pin-hiong) avan pinaljavakan nua [[Taitu king|taitu king]] a gu. imaza i pasakacedas a viri tua taidu king, a i viri nakidjekec tua vungbin, a i ljaving tua taipingyan, a i pasakaledep mavan anga a i yilicen kata [[Fuli|vuli]] gu, a i navalj nakicaing tua i [[Chenggong|cenkung cen]]. avan nu kinasizuan na cangbin kakudanan.  

aicu a gu nakitangez tua gadu nakicevung ta ljavek, a kadjunangan avan za calisilisian, tjaljaladruqan ta maka ljaviljaving ta ljavek, a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledep. 

aza sikataqaljan tjaljatjuruvuan a amizuku. izua a mavekelj a sebunun, kebalan zuku, pairang, makataw(馬卡道) zuku kata taivuan(大武壠) zuku a madrusa a pinpu zuku. temalem kata kiciqavan a sinan pazangal a racev izua.   

’inamizukuan a sipareqaqivuan.&lt;ref&gt;[https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/politics/breakingnews/2220153 55公所 原民「地方通行語」公告了] （[https://web.archive.org/web/20171013014301/http://news.ltn.com.tw/news/politics/breakingnews/2220153 頁面存檔備份]，存於網際網路檔案館）,自由時報 2017-10-12.&lt;/ref&gt;

== cinalivatan ==
a cangpin gu kasicuayan a ngadan pinaka “kakacawan”. izua a masanmusalj a kakaian, a sangasan: kemasi ’inamizukuan a “Pikakasawan” a kai, ljaljizavan a imi. aicu a ngadan a pacugan ka tjayvilivililanga a cinting a djiday, izua tjatjuruvuan a caucau (silaya zuku kata kebalan zuku) patjavat a semamaza, au malivu kata amizuku. avan nu silingdjelj ta ljaljizavan. ljaljengljengan ta caucau. a masanmusalj kianasi ta pinpu zuku a kai, a imaza a kadjunangan avan ca sinanqaqaljupan a nkadjunangan a amizuku, lja liaw a sinpakelay a sacemel, avan nu sikaliaw a qacimecim. au sipungadan ta pinairangan a qacimecim a kai, “tjazu” a siqaqivuan. ka cinting kuangshu(光緒) a djiday, matjuruvuruvuanga a pairang semamaza.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.changbin.gov.tw/content_edit.php?menu=1769&amp;typeid=2477 〈長濱介紹－歷史沿革〉]. 臺東縣長濱鄉全球資訊網. [2019-08-27]. （原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20171102061224/http://www.changbin.gov.tw/content_edit.php?menu=1769&amp;typeid=2477 存檔]於2017-11-02） （中文（台灣））.&lt;/ref&gt;

ka ripun a djiday, pinaljavakan a sipavecik tua pitaiduting a pacapilj. a lemingdjelj ta “tjazuwan zuang”, ka 1937 a caviljan, aza ripun sihu uri paperazek tua  “huangminhua (皇民化運動)”(kisaseljang ta [[Dripun|ripun]])&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.changbin.gov.tw/content_edit.php?menu=1769&amp;typeid=2477 〈長濱介紹－歷史沿革〉]. 臺東縣長濱鄉全球資訊網. [2019-08-27]. （原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20171102061224/http://www.changbin.gov.tw/content_edit.php?menu=1769&amp;typeid=2477 存檔]於2017-11-02） （中文（台灣））.&lt;/ref&gt;, sa pavalitan a papungadan ta “cangbin”, sa lemingdjelj ta “cangbin zuang”(長濱庄), izua a 28 km a ljaviljaving ta ljavek, sipavecik a pitaiduting sinkangdjin(新港郡) a pacapilj. au azua a pinaljavakan izua cangbin(長濱), ninpu(寧埔), censan(城山), zungbin(中濱), santjianwu(三間屋), cenbin(真柄), zangyuan(樟原) aicu pitju a qinaljan. kapuamin ta maqaqeci, pavalitan ta cangbin gu a patje lja tucu. 

izuanan a kai a masanitalj aicu “kakacawan”, aza sangasangasan a  patjavat a caucau a semamaza, avan nu makataw zuku a kemasi akaw, lja singelit ta i akaw (aza kinasizuan a kadjunangan niamadju izua i cesan(赤山), wancin(萬金) kata wukusuy(五溝水) a pasakacedas, a i navaljanga tua i vecekadan a gadu i taiwan aza i miqisi izua a pinaka “tjazu gadu”(加走山) , izua a qinaljan a  “tjazu a qinaljan”, sa azua i tjalauz ta  “kakacawan” a gadugadu i pasaviri papungadanan tua “tjazu gadu” masa drukudrukung a ljavek papungadanan tua  “tjazuwan”, manasika avan nu papungadanan ta  “tjazuwan” (kakacawan), aza tjalja sangasangasan a semamaza qemuma avan za makataw zuku ka 1859 a caviljan, aicu a tjazuwan a siayaya tja izua paqulidan.

== paljavak tua kadjunangan ==
pakata kinapangaljan a paljavak naicu a gu, izua unem a qinaljan, zangyuan (kinebalanan: kladut), santjian, zungyung (namakataw zuku a qinaljan), cangbin a qinaljan (mapinapedrusa tua cangbin kata cangkuang, au azua i cankuang a amizuku nu qivu “Ciwkangan” aya, izua tauta sicuayan a ngadan “seken”, au aza sinan a kanuki a qacilay na sicuayan a kakudan a kinaizuanan pakata cangbin bunka imaza tauta), zuhu a qinaljan(piniliqe tu pasanavalj a zuhu, zuhu kata yungvu aicu tjelu qinaljan), ninpu (amizuku nu qivu “Kinaloka”, djereljay a kadjunangan a imi). au a cangbin gukusiu imaza i cangbin mula. 

== guciu ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|guciu
|-
|sangasangasan, sikamasanmusalj kata sikamasantjelulj
|陳光福
|-
|sikamasan simatjelj kata sikamasan limalj
|陳仙勳
|-
|sikamasan nemelj
|陳光福
|-
|sikamasan pitjulj kata sikamasan valulj
|黃連發
|-
|sikamasan sivalj kata sikamasan simuluq
|林元流
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka ita 
|江世崇
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka drusa kata sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu
|潘榮宗
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj 
|陳進吉

(pinupuaming ta sengsengan)
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj
|田璋(mumalj a sinkiu)
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka lima kata sikamasan simuluq saka unem 
|陳德成
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka pitju kata sikamasan simuluq saka alu
|潘淑芳(tucu)
|}

== caucau ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
| +:metjeruvu
-:mavekelj(%)
|-
|1981
|ita kudrav sa lima kuzulj sa itaiday sa tjelu puluq sa sepatj a caucau (15,134 a caucau)
|—    
|-
|1986
|ita kudrav sa sepatj kuzulj sa pitju a caucau (14,007 a caucau)
|−7.4%
|-
|1991
|ita kudrav sa drusa kuzulj sa tjelu taiday sa unem puluq sa alu a caucau (12,368 a caucau)
|−11.7%
|-
|1996
|ita kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa pitju taiday sa drusa puluq sa unem a caucau (11,726 a caucau)
|−5.2%
|-
|2001
|ita kudrav sa drusa taiday sa dursa puluq sa alu a caucau (10,228 a caucau)
|−12.8%
|-
|2006
|alu kuzulj sa siva taiday sa alu puluq sa pitju a caucau (8,987 a caucau)
|−12.1%
|-
|2011
|alu kuzulj sa tjelu puluq sa ita a caucau (8,031 a caucau)
|−10.6%
|-
|2016
|pitju kuzulj sa tjelu taiday sa siva puluq sa siva a caucau (7,399 a caucau)
|−7.9%
|}

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW11.svg|23px]]
|masansimuluq sa ita a djalanan i taiwan

pasakalingu patje valangaw makeljaviljaving ta ljavek a kunglu 
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW30.svg|23px]]
|masansika tjelumuluq a djalanan i taiwan

yucan(玉長) kunglu
|}

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|gaku na kutjung
|-
|gaku na kutjung a cangbin
|-
|gaku na kukumin
|-
|gaku na kukumin a cangbin
|-
|gaku na kukumin a zuhu(竹湖)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a zangyan(樟原)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a santjian(三間)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a ninpu(寧埔)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a zungyung(忠勇) (rinevuranga)
|-
|puvadanqan
|-
|puvadanqan i cangbin
|}

== kivangvangan ==
八仙洞 basian qitjungan pakata ljaviljaving puqaciljayven

長濱平原 cangpin kazatjan

玉髓沙灘 yusuy vudavudasan

樟原休閒區 zangyuan a kivanvangan

金剛大道（忠勇自行車道）djinkang djalanan (zungyung a zidingsia djalanan)

== racev ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|水稻
|paday
|-
|玉米
|vuday
|-
|鬼頭刀
|
|-
|桶柑
|tjanes
|-
|火龍果
|qudjidji italadj a vinagalj 
|-
|花生
|paketjaw
|-
|飛魚
|minlayap a ciqaw
|-
|洛神花
|yulizu
|}

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>c8siv84vjeixjbtueyc35hmjcutauxy</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Chenggong</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>19</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12139</id>
      <parentid>12138</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-02-07T22:09:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>饅頭老師</username>
        <id>26</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kadjunangan kata kalevelevan */</comment>
      <origin>12139</origin>
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      <text bytes="16120" sha1="rfgfvegnze0oervzjy7hz4nqekwha3s" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''cengkung'''&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(成功鎮)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Chenggong Town.svg|thumb|center|cenkung imaza]]
|-
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|taitu
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|madawdaw
|-
|sepaljavak
|alu a mula, itaiday sa alu puluq sa pitju a talingan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
|
 
-黃博昌(pacun ta kamakama na cenkung) 

-nasecenkung a gukusiu

-daihiyukay na cenkung 

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan 
|143.9939km²
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|sepatj taiday sa puluq a maru vavavan tadjekuacan (410m) 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na cawcau


-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-ita a kudrav sa tjelu a kuzulj sa lima taiday sa pitju a caucau(13,507)(2021 a cavilj kata 1 a qiljas)

-masantjelulj 

-lima a kuzulj tjelu a taiday sa sepatj puluq sa ita paljingan (5,341)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|961
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10014020
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|canping(長濱), dunghe(東河), vuli(富里)
|}


cenkung（’inamizukuan：Madawdaw；nginaingayngan：Sṳ̀n-kûng-chṳ́n；pinairangan：Sîng-kong-tìn）avan angata ca ceng nua i [[Taiwan|taiwan]] a [[Taitu king|taiduking]]. imaza i pasakacedas a viri tua taiwan, i viri nakidjekec tua changbin, a i tjaikacedas mavan a taipingyan, a i navalj  katua i kaledep mavan anga a ljaviljaving a gadugaduan ljaqedi katua dunghe. a i pasakaledep a viri mavan anga a i vuli, a kinalangan nua kadjunangan ladruladruq, nua i taiduking tjalja ladruqan a naljavek a ljaving. izua tu 144km² a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan. a qacavan masansimatjelj a ceng i taiwan. a pasakacedas kuljakuljay a ljaviljaving a lizuk, a pasakaledep sedjel a gadugaduan. a kai ’inamizukuan.  

lja izua maseljec a kaliusan a ljavek i taipingyan, liawliaw a kana ciqaciqavan imaza, na i kalinku kata i taidu a tjalja qacavan a papavelian ta ciqaw. sa mirazek a ciqaw a sengsengan, aza i cenkung masan tjaljaqacan a ceng i taidu. saka naseljenguwaq a kadjuanan. avan masan na i taitu a pakazuazuanan na kuluma.   

==cinalivatan==
cenkung cen ka sicuayan a qivu madawdaw, au umaljen qivu singkang. kapuaming a maqaqeci, pavalitan a ngadan a “cenkung”.tucu na i pasakacedas tjalja qacavan a  sikiljaving tana kiciqaw tu mizalek. aza pakata madawdaw a ngadan kamasi sangasan liaw malji a sirukaiyan, ljakua mata a pitje vililan anga a cavilj a cinting a djiday, aicu kadjunangan na amizuku a kinaizuanan kata qaqumain. mata minku tjelu puluq sa sepatj a cavilj kapuaming a makakuang a tjaw patagilj, lja imaza i taiwan aza singkang aya izua tjelu a qinaljan a nakipungadan. ulja inika namaljaluai, au pavalitan ta malji ngadan. aza imaza natatemakesi izua punuq kata mareka kumuing a kamakama a pupaisuisu, tiamadju pakata a kinalangan nua kadjunangan pasumamaw ta anpin ikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek, au pakata sinkang a mirazek kemasi i pasatjaviri a cenkungaw(成廣澳), za cenkung, cenkuang, kata sinkang mamaw zaing pinairangan, avan anga ta sinpungadan cenkung ceng.  

==kadjunangan kata kalevelevan==

lja nasecevung tua djljeqiljeqi a mirarua, avan nusekuya sana kauvu a kinakadjunangan. aza i navalj katua i viri tjaljekeri tu laruq, pasacemedas nakicevung ta taipingyan, pasamaledep sedjela pucemecemelan pukasikasivan namacacaing i pasaljaviljavi tua ljavek a gadugauan, aza kadjunangan na pasacemedas a silisili, azua kadjunangan tja liaw a gadugadu kata calisi. aza paka ljavek a lizuk tjaljakeri, amin za pasamaza i cenkung tja tjaljaqaca, nase kalingku taitu a pakaljaving sinan tjeluan a djadjiqeseng nua ljavek a tjaljtjalj. aicu i demut ta cenkung a gadugaduan nase sinkang a gaduan, akana gaduan izua paisuling(白守蓮) a gadu, sinkang(新港) a gadu, ciling(麒麟) a gadu a tjaljavavavan avan za sinkang a gadu (a ljavavan1683 tadjekuacan). tauta na makaljaving ta ljavek a gadugaduan tjalja vavavan. aicu a maka cemedasan a qinaljan aitua kadjunangan pinapiliq ljaviljaving kata gadugadu a rusa qinaljan:  

aza pakata naljavek a ljaving izua rukurukung, tequtequng, ljaviljaving, dangangay, izuanan tjaljitjali, beruberung, namibuhu a djiljeqi kata tjagulj a napakisumalji nua kadjunangan a temalimuzav, imaza qinaljan tjalja maligu a sansintay kata a alang mamaw taljinay a qaciljay. a pakata gaduan, aita kinaqipuan, za itua pakaljaviljaving a namacacevung tjavavavan a gadu, sedjelj a ljavavaw tu caleqilj ca i tulang gadugaduing, pasa cemedas a tjagulj avan za tja kudremel a siniqaljdj samadjumulj a maljetimalji a kana qaciljay, masan tjateku a gadugaduan. 

aicu a cenkung a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledev. semezam tu liaw a qudjalj, liaw a pana ljakua rikitj tu djaljaw a siqaljudjan, aza djaljum ika namakeljan，kemasai maledep a ljaving a gaduan seqaljutj a pasa cemedas ljitalatj a mataipinyan. a ita cavilj a qudjaljan 2100 kungli(公釐), a ta caviljan a sezaman 23.8°C, sinan pazangal a racev izua tjanes kata ginitegit a drinasi a ciqaw.

==paljavak tua kadjunangan ==
matja 8 qinaljan i cenkung. matja 14 qinaljan imaza, ciliksay（麒麟部落）, torik（都歷部落）, sa'aniwan（宜灣部落）, kalahaay（民豐部落）, kahciday（和平部落）, madawdaw（麻荖漏部落）, dadowacen（玉水橋部落）, folalacay（小港部落）, cirarokohay（芝田部落）, tomiyac（重安部落）, piyoxo（小馬部落）, mararo’ong（美山部落）, pisirian（比西里岸部落）, paongaongan（八嗡嗡部落）.

=== qinaljan : cenkungaw kata sinkang ===

==== cenkungaw ====
cenkungaw i sangas ta 1920 a cavilj na imaza pakata sividay a kaizuanan, kailikuz ta 1920 a cavilj aza na vecekadan nua sincen kata siupay patjavaten a pasa sinkang, au za cenkungaw tja keri tua sinkang, avan nuizua a ngadan siawkang aya.

cenkungaw izua tjalja seljenguwaq rukurukung a ljaving nualjave, katjaiqayaw a cavilj na i kalingku, binan (tucu a taitu) rusa sikiljaving, tjalja pazangalan a sikiljaving na varukur. imaza ta amizuku kata pepu zuku a tideq. izua naseljenguwaq a kisansiupay kadjunangan. a pairang sema maza a seman umaq sa marepaveli ta racev.  masan na i taqinaljan na pairangan a kakaizuanan.

kamangetjez a ciuku a sema cemedas a qemulic ta kadjunangan kata kanri na kacalisian a sikudanan. cenkungaw masan kalingu kata taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk a i vecekadan papirazek sikaizuanan. izua kana siubay anga, sividay kata kinapangaljan a paljavak maliawliaw. 

kamangetjez a ciuku a sema cemedas a qemulic ta kadjunangan kata kanri na kacalisian a sikudanan. cenkungaw masan kalingu kata taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk a i vecekadan papirazek sikaizuanan. izua kana siubay anga, sividay kata kinapangaljan a paljavak maliawliaw. ka 1889 a cavilj aza lemingdjelj “kuangsiang” a sincentji, avan za cenkungaw a sinan vecekadan, ka ripun a djiday anga, izua cucansu(出張所) kata citing(支廳) mareka liningdjelj a sincen(行政) a ngadan, cenkungaw avananan tu  vecekadan nua sincen sakamaya, mata 1921 a cavilj aza citing sekaumalj i sinkang, au ka 1931 a cavilj sualapen sapavaliten masan cenkungaw a qinaljan, aza cenkungaw a sincen puamin sa qeljevi. pakata remacevan a sengesengan, kemasi 1912 a cavilj mata 1919 a cavilj, aza cenkungaw na matjatjavililj a lemindjelj ta “qinepu i taidu na miradjek racevan ”, “kuansiang qunepu remacevan a sengesengan gaisha” kata “taiwan seman drakeskabushiki gaisha cucansu”, icu nua cenkungaw pajata remacevan a sengesengan a paljazuwa vecik.   

==== sinkang ====
aicu sinkang hici tjalja mirazek ka 1920 isangas kata ivililj a cavilj, izua a tjaljaqaca varukur nakiljaving, qemacuvung tua pasa taidu a djalang, ka 1921 a cavilj aza citing patjavaten pasa sinkang, au 1922 a cavilj sema gisuy, pakadjuanan na zaljum, kipuvarung ta sema djaljanglemindje, sinkang chiting a kanricy(管理局) aicu tjautagiljen a sikasengesengan, za i sinkang masan pakatua imaza a ljaviljavian nua ljavek a qinaljan sincen kata siubay. pakacukulu tua cenkung minatuta tja djaljaw a mirazek za i sinkang, aza siubay kata qinepu a remacevan a sengesengan mapacung tu tjameliaw. kapuaming a makakuang za i sinkang hici tja pasaseljangen kata 1922 a cavilj a sini kipuvarung a vecik, aza izuanga ta a hici kata malalaw a qinaljan na matevelj anga, a kanasubay avan izuata sinan kaizuanan a djalang, aicu a djalan a cunhua na imaza tjalja nanguaqan a sikiljemilj tua kana sangasangasan  kata mulipaisu, za na maudraqa kata djalan a cunhua izuangata kungluci a disiaba, avan nu sika mirazek kasicuayan. au za djalan a cunsan kata djalan a tatung avan za kasiuljayan a riukan kata kakanan, sanan kakivangvangan a siubay.

=== cenkung a hichi a sikace ===
cenkung a hici(市區) a sikace izua taituking canping, cenkung kata dunghe qinaljan. aicu cengkung a hici a sikace i sinkang sinan vecekadan. aza sinkang hichi a tjalja nangawaqan tjakaizuanan a hichi tucu imaza tjelu a qinaljan, saka utauta na mareka sihu a kikang(機關) a liningdje imaza ta qinaljan, izua kakipucemelan a taidu i cengkung nua wyvupu, na nangawaqan sikace tjanakuya ta i valangaw pagalju. 

kinapangaljan a paljavak ka 1946 a cavilj aza ngadan ta taiduking sinkangci (新港區) sinkangsiang (新港鄉), tazua a i taiduking amin nu ita kinapangaljan a paljavak aza ceng(鎮), ljakua aza kuansan (關山) kata singkang(新港) avan kinapangaljan a paljavak aza qinaljan(鄉), ika sa mirazek , au pavalitan tua ceng(鎮). ljakua nu pavalitan ta maitucu a ngadan mamaw kata i canwa(彰化) kata tjayi(嘉義), au za singkang sikivalid tua cenkung (成功) a ngadan, avan anga cengkung cen aya. aza penuljat a qinaljan izua buai(博愛), cungsiaw(忠孝), sansian(三仙), sanmin(三民), cungze(忠智), cungren(忠仁), heping(和平), sinyi(信義) aicu a alu a mula au izua itaiday sa alu puluq sa pitju a talingan.

== caucau ==
izua tu ita kudrav sa tjelu a kuzulj sa unem a taiday a caucau imaza, ta ljavan a caucau daisanmi tja kedri ta i valangaw katua binan. malua a caucau imaza, 95 a caucau /km². avan nangata aicu a pakata ceng i taiwan. tjaliaw ta i kalinku a vunglin katua ily.   
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1981
|drusa kudrav sa sepatj a kuzulj sa pitju puluq a caucau (24,070 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1986
|drusa kudrav sa drusa a kuzulj sa lima a taiday sa sepatj puluq sa alu a caucau (22,548 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-6.3%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1991
|drusa kudrav sa unem a taiday sa sepatj puluq sa tjelu a caucau(20,643 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-8.4%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1996
|drusa kudrav sa drusa a taiday sa lima puluq a caucau (20,250 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-1.9%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2001
|ita kudrav sa alu a kuzulj sa sepatj a taiday sa unem puluq sa siva a caucau (18,469 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-8.8%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2006
|ita kudrav sa unem a kuzulj sa pitju a taiday sa tapuluq sa tjelu a caucau (16,713 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-9.5%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2011
|ita kudrav sa lima a kuzulj sa lima a taiday sa sepatj puluq sa drusa a caucau(15,542 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-7.0%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2016
|ita kudrav sa sepatj a kuzulj sa sepatj a taiday sa tapuluq sa ita a caucau (14,411 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-7.3%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2020
|ita kudrav sa tjelu a kuzulj sa unem a taiday sa tapuluq sa tjelu a caucau(13,613 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-5.5%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|}

== kamakama na cenkung ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|kamakama na cenkung
|-
|地方自治前 pitjaysangas a 1951 a cavalj
|
|-
|第1屆sangasangasan
|馬榮通
|-
|第2屆sikamasanmusalj
|吳石麟
|-
|補選mumalj a sinkiu
|林福安
|-
|第3屆sikamasan tjelulj
|葉良田
|-
|地方自治後 pitjayvililj a 1951 a cavalj
|
|-
|第1屆sangasangasan
|葉良田
|-
|第2屆sikamasanmusalj
|馬榮通
|-
|第3-4屆sikamasan tjelulj katua sikamasan simatjelj
|許挑
|-
|補選、第5屆mumalj a sinkiu katua sikamasan limalj
|陳世忠
|-
|第6-7屆 sikamasan nemelj katua sikamasan pitjulj
|宋賢英
|-
|代理sevalitan
|項燮臣
|-
|第8-9屆 sikamasan valulj katua sikamasan sivalj
|曾士華
|-
|第10-11屆 sikamasan simuluq katua sikamasan simuluq  saka ita
|宋文英
|-
|第12-13屆 sikamasan simuluq saka drusa katua sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu
|侯武成
|-
|代理sevalitan
|吳榮慶
|-
|代理sevalitan
|曾國昌
|-
|第14屆 sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj
|江文隆
|-
|第15-16屆 sikamasan simuluq saka lima katua sikamasan simuluq saka unem
|侯武成
|-
|代理sevalitan
|顏志光
|-
|第17-18屆 sikamasan simuluq saka pitju katua sikamasan simuluq saka alu
|黃博昌
|}

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|港口          
|tjatjeljavingan na varukur
|-
|成功漁港
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a cengkung

singkang sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek. aicu sinan pazangal a kakaizuanan imaza i taiwan kacedas a makaljaving a kiciqawan a sengesengan kata vukang sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek, sikamasanmusalj. na maligu a kemasi ljavek a lacev katua ginitegit a drinasi a ciqaw.  
|-
|小港漁港
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a siawkang 
|-
|基翬漁港
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a cihui (’inamizukuan:kihaw)
|-
|公路
|kunglu
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW11.svg|23px]]
|masansipuluq saka ita a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW23.svg|23px]]
|masansika drusamuluq saka tjelu a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|縣道
|vinaciqan ta djalan
|-
|東15線
|masansipuluq saka lima a djalanan i taitu
|-
|東16線
|masansipuluq saka unem a djalanan i taitu
|-
|東17線
|masansipuluq saka pitju a djalanan i taitu
|-
|東18線
|masansipuluq saka alu a djalanan i taitu
|-
|東19線
|masansipuluq saka siva a djalanan i taitu
|-
|客運
|basu
|-
|鼎東客運
|basu a dingdung
|-
|花蓮客運
|basu a kalingku
|}

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|高級中學
|kaucung a gaku
|-
|國立成功商業水產職業學校
|na sihu cengkung tatuluan ta pakada kemuda pavelid katua nua paciqaw a sengsengan a gaku 
|-
|國民中學
|kucung a gaku     
|-
|臺東縣立新港國民中學
|gaku na kucung a sinkang
|-
|國民小學
|kukumin a gaku 
|-
|臺東縣成功鎮成功國民小學
|gaku na kukumin a cengkung 
|-
|臺東縣成功鎮三民國民小學
|gaku na kukumin a sanmin
|-
|台東縣成功鎮三民國民小學和平分校    
|gaku na kukumin a sanmin i heping     
|-
|臺東縣成功鎮忠孝國民小學
|gaku na kukumin a cungsiaw
|-
|台東縣成功鎮忠孝國民小學博愛分校
|gaku na kukumin a cungsiaw i buai
|-
|台東縣成功鎮三仙國民小學
|gaku na kukumin a sansi
|-
|台東縣成功鎮信義國民小學
|gaku na kukumin a sinyi 
|}

== kakipucemelan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|衛生福利部臺東醫院成功分院 kakipucemelan a taidu i cengkung nua wyvupu 
|-
|成功鎮衛生所 isenavan a cengkung
|}

== hasisiw katua semevuc ta sapuycy ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|臺東縣警察局成功分局 i tatidu cengkung a hasisiw  
|-
|新豐派出所 gimeng a singfung
|-
|忠孝派出所 gimeng a cungsiaw
|-
|都歷派出所 gimeng a duli 
|-
|臺東縣政府消防局成功大隊 taiduking semevuc ta sapuycy a cengkung 
|-
|成功分隊 sapuycy a cengkung a tjaikedri na liningdjel i cengkung 
|}

== kivangavangan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|izua kasiw kata hana a kakivangvangan na caucau  i sansitai
|-
|matu a qaciljay   
|-
|tjaljitiw a singkang
|-
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a cenkung
|-
|na amizuku vaveqacan a kakaizuanan a kakituluan
|-
|pisilian a qinaljan 
|}

== paravacan a racev ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|柴魚片
|ginitegit a drinasi a ciqaw
|-
|白蝦
|vuqavuqalj a guzang
|-
|旗魚
|angalj rudjuidjuy larularuq a ciqaw
|-
|桶柑
|tjanes
|}

== namakeljang a caucau ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|胡德夫
|Parangalan (rusenasenai)
|-
|黃麗玲（A-Lin）
|Lisang Pacidal Koyouan (rusenasenai)
|-
|李光輝
|Attun Palalin (ribung djiday a sivitjai) 
|}

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>rfgfvegnze0oervzjy7hz4nqekwha3s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chishang</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>20</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10851</id>
      <parentid>10739</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T12:46:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.230.38|79.163.230.38]]（[[User talk:79.163.230.38|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:1234qwer1234qwer4|1234qwer1234qwer4]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>7503</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="16058" sha1="pgxsgwhn9b8p1kn735v8wtimq47bekw" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''cesan'''

(池上鄉)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Chihshang Township.svg|thumb|center|cesan imaza(qudjidji a pinakeljang)]] 
|-
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|taidu king
|-
|sepaljavak
|tapuluq a mula, itaday sa drusa puluq a talingan 
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
|
-張堯城(pacun ta guciu na cesan) 

-nasecesan a gukusiu

-daihiyukay na cesan

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan 
|82.6854km²
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|tjelu taiday sa pitju puluq sa pitju a maru vavavan tadjekuacan (377m) 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na caucau-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-alu a kuzulj sa lima puluq sa drusa a caucau(8,052)(2021 a cavilj sangac)

-masansinemelj 

-tjelu a kuzulj sa itaday sa alu puluq sa lima a paljingan(3,185)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|958
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10014060
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|[[Haiduan|hayduan]], guansan, dunghe, vuli
|}
cesan guan(’inamizukuan: Fanaw；nginaingayngan：ciiˇ song hiongˊ；pinairangan：Tî-siōng-hiong) imaza i pasanavalj a [[Kalinku king|kalingu]] a sema taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk a kadjunangan, a i tjaikacedas mavan a dunghe, a i navalj kicaing tua i guansan, pasamaza ledepan a viri kicencen ta hayduan, i viri nakidjekec tua vuli. 

aza guan i vecekadan a pasanavalj a kalingu a sema taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk a kadjunangan, avan ta seljenguwaq a lizulizu pakata sinwuli(新武呂) pana, izua gadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan i kaledep, izua ljavek a gadugaduan i pasacemedas, a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledev. tjaliavan a qudjalj, saka izua “cesan paday” , au sinan ca “cesan bingdu” na masan tjalja pungadangadan i taiwan. 

sedjelj a pairang kata amizuku. temalem a sinan pazangal nua imaza. 

lja aza qinaljan avan zua i ljezaya ta dabu djanaw, saka avan anga ta sinpungadan “cesan”. ka cinting kuangshu (光緒) a djiday, a qivu “sinkaiyan”(新開園), atalasi a quma a imi.   

== cinalivatan ==

==== kaljasangasangasan ====
pakata kaljasangasangasan i cesan, izua nansin(南興) sicuayan a kakaizuanan, vunan(富南) sicuayan a kakaizuanan, bautjayan(保甲園) sicuayan a kakaizuanan, ljakua nekanu pitja paqulid tua linuiluvan a pasemalaw, avan nusika pazangal a kemeljang tua tjemaisangasan a caucau ta tinaliduan a padjaljiyan.

==== cinting a djiday ====
ka 1836 a cavilj, aza pinpu zuku ti silaya(西拉雅) zuku tjaisangas a kakaizuanan i akaw kazatjan kata lawnun(荖濃) pana makaljaving a kadjunangan, sezuljuzulju a mamaza i guansan, cesan kata vuli. ka 1842 a cavilj, aza pinpu zuku kata puyuma zuku maciu a kilivu ti amizuku i dungli mula nua vuli guan. saka ti amizuku a napatjavat i wulu(烏漏) qinaljan kata salaw (沙荖) qinaljan. au ti pinpu zuku semamaza a qemuma, kiracev. tazua aza pinpu zuku na sepulingetj kemasi viri patje navalj izua ditjezuang(迪階庄,kalingu king yili cen sanmin li tucu), zuluzuang(諸羅庄,yili cen cunri li) kata maluzuang(媽汝庄,yili cen sungpuli tucu), au i vecekadan avan nu dazuang(大庄,vuli guan dungli mula tucu),  pasanavalj izuanan sinkaiyan(新開園 cesan guan djinyan mula), lilung(里壠, guansan cen tucu), kata penuljat a kadjunangan a cesan kazatjan.  

ka 1851 a cavilj, izua pinpu zuku kemasi wanluan(萬巒) qinaljan a cisan(赤山) mula kata wandjin(萬金) mula, pasa gadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan au mamaza i bawsang(寶桑) avan nu taitu hici tucu. ka 1859 a cavij, tiamadju mavaday patje pasaviri, sema i dazuang(大莊) au sitalem kata tjaisangas a sikataqaljan. lja liaw a caucau kata kedri a kadjnangan, saka mavaday pasa zuma a quma, patje sinkaiyan kata dabu imaza.     

ka 1862 a cavilj, lja mekedri ta kakaizuanan pakata silaya zuku sepulingetj pasakacedas, aza amizuku i vuljavuljau patjavat makacedasan ta ljaviljaving pakaviri, au aza libi(禮弼) tacemkeljan kasusu makadunghe kata ljavek a gadugaduan, patje imaza tucu a kalingu vuli guan yunvung(永豐) mula, qemuma kata qemaljup. ulja liavan ta zaljum i dabu pana kata tjasaljenguwaq a kadjunangan i ljavek a gadugaduan, patjavat i pasakaledep a dabu pana, pasakacedas a kalingu a sema taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk kata ljaqedi aza vinasal i dabu djanaw. ka 1874 a cavilj, lja izua makaqeci kata ljukiu(琉球) a sikataqalljan a rikishi, aza amizuku i sinevaudjan kata macaren kilevuci patjavat i dabu, au avananan tu vecekadan i libi, tjaljiazua meqaca a masan ta nase amizuku a qinaljan, dabu qinaljan aya. kemasi 1875 a cavilj mata 1895 a cavilj, izuanan mareka amizuku kemasi vuljavuljau patje vusin(富興), linindjelj ta suyzuy(水墜) qinaljan imaza.    

ka 1875 a cavilj, lja izua makaqeci kata ljukiu(琉球) a sikataqalljan a rikishi, aza cinting sihu sualapen ta “dikinay a matua na kacalisian a kadjunangan” au pavalitan ta  sinan pazangal a qemulic ta kadjunangan kata kanri na kacalisian a sikudanan. au patagilj tjuruvu a pairang qemuma i pasakacedasan.

ka 1881 a cavilj, izua namazaljum i dazuang kadjunangan, saka mareka caucau semanavalj i sinkaiyan. au izuanan pinpu zuku i binan, aicu caucau sicuayan kemasi akaw vuljavuljau au semakacedasan i dabu, sikaiyan kata wanan a qinaljan.   

==== ripun a djiday ====
ka 1894 a cavilj, izua tjawu(甲午) maqaqeci pakata cinting sihu kata ripun, au ka 1895 a cavilj, pakata sinanpapasusuan a maguan(馬關) a vecik, taiwan siveciq sasipavay ta ripun. lima qiljas, ripun sihu linlingen aza sivitai kanri ta taiwan, au izua isauni a patagilj a yiwi(乙未) maqaqeci. ka 11 a qiljas 18 a qadaw, aza ripun sihu pakeljang tu sinanguwaq anga i taiwan. ljakua, izua livulivu imaza i malji a qinaljan, au cesan avan nu tjaljavilian a kakaizuanan pakata livu.

ka 1909 a cavilj, ripun sihu patagilj djemulung “patjavat semataitu sinivarung” izua 2370 a marutarauljan a kadjunangan sipavecik ta kakaizuanan a cuacua patjavat mamaza. lja izua qaca a djanaw imaza, sipungadan imaza ta matu a ripun a ngadan “cesan”, au qivu ta “cesan mula” (sinsin mula tucu).

ka 1913 a cavilj, lenindjelj ta taitu seman alju kabushiki gaisha, kipusikining aza sengesengan pakata seman alju kata patjavat a caucau, au linindjelj tauta drusaiday sa tapuluq a umaq i cesan mula. ka 1919 a cavilj, izua zemaljum i ripun cangye(長野) guan cyancyu(千曲) pana, saka izua sepatj puluq sa siva a na maljimek a zaljum  patjavat semamaza i cesan.      

ka 1920 a cavilj linindjelj ta “cesan zuang”, sipavecik pataiduting guansandjin sa kanrivi. ka 1921 a cavilj, aza taitu seman alju kabushiki gaisha mumaljem a remasudj, sualapen ta sengesengan pakata patjavat a caucau, au linindjelj ta taitu kaitu(開拓) kabushiki gaisha, saka qivuing ta caucau imaza i taiwan. lja ika nabulay a rarasudjan, mapulju ta kinsic, nakuyangata a kinaizuanan a kadjunangan. aza ripun kata caucau patjavat semamaza vaivaik sakamaya, au aicu a vinarugan a papatjavat ta qinaljan ika na maqati. 

ka 1926 a cavilj, izua kisiya a djalan pasataitu, aza qinaljan i disiaba i dapu(大埔) tjalja mirazek ta sinkaiyan au sinan vecekadan. saka izua liaw a caucau patjavat kemasi sinzu(新竹) kata miawli(苗栗) nesan(內山), mapazulju ta caucau i cesan. kemasi 1930 a cavilj mata 1940 a cavilj, mapazulju tjuruvu ta caucau.   

==== kapuamin a maqaqeci ====
ka 1945 a cavilj, aza tjuka minku sihu djemadjas i taihuku. aza kinapangaljan a paljavak pavalitan ta cesan guan, aza na ripun kuba kata kuzing a kadjunangan alapen na kuka. au za i cesan a kadjunangann 593 marutarauljan alapen na sihu sa  sipavecik ta nugiu a kadjunangan. aza tjeza 355 marutarauljan alapen na sihu sa sipavecik ta taitang cesan nguiu a kadjunangan. azua 1,867 marutarauljan calisilisi alapen na sihu sa sipavecik na kadjunangan a cacukingan, aza wancaw (萬朝) 160 marutarauljan a kadjunangan kisusu ta aicu a vecik《公地放領放租條例》, sipavay ta nugiu a temalem. 

== kadjunangan ==
aza cesan guan imaza i kalingu a sema taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk a kadjunangan na i tjalja pasavirian a lizu a qinaljan, gukusiu i cesan avan nu tjaljavavavan a kinapangaljan a kikang. izua vuyan, vuwen, dapu, sinsin, cinvung, dabu, djinyan, wanan, vusin, censin tapuluq a mula. pakata caucau, na sepulingetj i lizulizu, izua tjatjuruvuan a caucau i vuyan, vuwen, dabu kata sinsin aicu sepatj a mula, au aza vuyan, vuwen kata dapu avan nu mavalid a mula, saka sinsin tjamalua a mula. au kinapangaljan, sikakudan kata sinkic imaza i vuyan mula. aza nasidjaravacan izua masansivalj a djalan i taiwan kata na kisiya disiaba cemalivat mamaza. aza ljavek a gadugaduan i pasacemedas kemasi viri patje navalj izua dapu, cinvung, djinyan, wanan, vusin kata censin. au aicu unem a mula i gadugadu kata calisilisi tja mapulju a caucau a guan.

cesan i taitu kata kalingu king a macacevung a kadjunangan, i viri nakidjekec tua vuli. a i tjaikacedas mavan a dunghe, avan zua masan patjatjukudain na kalingu kata na valangaw a kadjunangan a paljaljaqedi. au pasamaza ledepan a viri kicencen ta hayduan, a i navalj kicaing tua i guansan. 

cesan guan kemasi kacedas patje keledep a tjalja lavan kimaya djemaljung ta 8.5 km. maka navalj mata viri a tja laquqan kimaya djemaljung ta 15 km, a kadjunangan kimaya 8268.5455 marutarauljan, kimaya qemavas 2.35% pakata pulingetjan nua kadjunangan i taitu king. aza lizulizu a kadjunangan tu 3652 marutarauljan, kimaya qemavas 44% pakata pulingetjan nua guan, aza calisilisi a kadjunangan tu 3350 marutarauljan, kimaya qemavas 41% pakata pulingetjan nua guan, aza gudugaduan tu 1267 marutarauljan, kimaya qemavas 15% pakata pulingetjan nua guan.

=== pakata mirazek a hisiu ===
cesan guan i pasa kalingu a sema taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk a navalj binan pana , kadjunangan, siukuluan(秀姑巒) pana aicu drusa a tjaqaca zaljum nakitjau malji a siqaliusan imaza.

aza binan pana a ladruqan tu 84 km, sipavecik pasuylicy(水利局) sa kanrivi. au zaya avan za sinwuli pana, a qapulu imaza i vecekadan nua taiwan gadugaduan a guansan kagaduan silisili a kacedas. aza sitjevuta angata na zaljum kemasi pasakeledep a viri a guan, masan patjatjukudaing na cesan kata na guansan a pana a paljaljaqedi. au tinevelj wanan pana, nisuy(泥水) pana kata tjawu(嘉武) pana aicu tjelu a tjakuljay a pana kemasi ljavek a gadugaduan i pasakacedas, saka segaljudj maka zuma guan. 

aza siukuluan pana a ladruqan tu 104 km, sipavecik pasuylicy(水利局) sa kanrivi tuata. au tja ljacadjavan qapulu avan za lele(樂樂) pana. a ladruqan 81 km, izaya lungcyan(龍泉) aya, kemasi luntien(崙天) gadu i vecekadan tua taiwan, aza pana segaljudj kemasi pasakeledep a viri a guan, pavalitan ngadan ta wancaw(萬朝) pana, au makaviri i wentien(文田) a tjakudrang i pasakacedas tu 200 maru tadjekuacan. au tinevelj kata dabu pana saka segaljudj maka zuma guan. aicu siqaljutj i cesan guan izua drusa tjakuljay a pana, djiyan pana kata dabu pana, kemasi ljavek a gadugaduan i pasakacedas.

=== pakata qaciljay ===
cesan guan imaza i taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk pasanavalj a kadjunangan, a kemasi kacedas patje kaledep kimaya 8.5 km. izua qinepu a tjelu malji a kadjunangan. i kaledep avan aza i vecekadan gadugaduan tua taiwan, i kacedas avan aza makaljavek a gadugaduan, i vecekadan aza cesan kazatjan avan za i taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk a kadjunangan. ka 1960 a cavilj pakata nakadjunangan malang siayaya, aza taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk avan ca i taiwan kaizuanan a auya(歐亞) kadjunangan kata viliping ljavek (菲律賓海) kadjunangan a namacacevung i palingulj.  

kasicuayan aza dabu djanaw izua tu 100 marutarauljan, avan ca benibeniq a tjabeku pakata tjeljekaz, ulja aza nugiu pazangal ta kinilamian, kalju ta sinisasavan ta zaljum, saka tucu amin tu 28 marutarauljan, ljakua mapazulju ta kavuavuan. 

== caucau ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1981
|ita kudrav sa sepatj kuzulj sa itaiday sa siva a caucau (14,109 a caucau)
|—    
|-
|1986
|ita kudrav sa tjelu kuzulj sa sepatj puluq sa tjelu a caucau (13,043 a caucau)
|−7.6%
|-
|1991
|ita kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa pitju taiday sa pitju puluq sa drusa a caucau (11,772 a caucau)
|−9.7%
|-
|1996
|ita kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa lima taiday sa lima puluq sa ita a caucau (11,551 a caucau)
|−1.9%
|-
|2001
|ita kudrav sa lima taiday sa alu a caucau (10,508 a caucau)
|−9.0%
|-
|2006
|siva kuzulj sa unem taiday sa lima puluq a caucau (9,650 a caucau)
|−8.2%
|-
|2011
|siva kuzulj sa puluq sa drusa a caucau (9,012 a caucau)
|−6.6%
|-
|2016
|alu kuzulj sa tjelu taiday sa pitju puluq sa lima a caucau (8,375 a caucau)
|−7.1%
|-
|2021/nigac
|alu kuzulj sa lima puluq sa siva a caucau (8,059 a caucau)
|−3.8%
|}

==paljavak tua kadjunangan==
izua tapuluq a mula: 

dapu(大埔；’inamizukuan: Kalokapuk) 

vuyan(福原；’inamizukuan: Ciataw),

sinxin(新興；’inamizukuan: Fangafangasan),

vuwen(福文；’inamizukuan: Cicala'ay),

cinvung(慶豐；’inamizukuan: Cipuwa), 

dabu(大坡；’inamizukuan: Kawaliwali), 

djinyan(錦園), 

wanan(萬安；’inamizukuan: Dihekoay), 

vuxin(復興；’inamizukuan: Cikowa’ay), 

cenxin(振興)；’inamizukuan: Muliyaw) 

== guciu ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|guciu     
|izuanan malji pakeljang
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |pitjaysangas a 1951 a cavalj
|-
|sihu a leminglin
|曾貴春
|
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |sangasangasan
|曾貴春
|avan daihiu a na sinkiw, lja 228 a munday makuvekuve
|-
|吳泉興
|kidjadjas ti 曾貴春 
|-
|sikamasanmusalj
|吳泉興
|daihiu a na sinkiw
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |pitjayvililj a 1951 a cavalj
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |1 sangasangasan
|吳泉興
|pakata sinkiw
|-
|林瑞庭
|lja puaming ta sengsengan, sevalit ti 吳泉興
|-
|2 sikamasanmusalj
|陳慶傳
|
|-
|3 sikamasan tjelulj
|郭芝仙
|
|-
|4 sikamasan simatjelj
|林茂藏
|
|-
|5-6 sikamasan limalj kata sikamasan nemelj
|蔡仲和
|
|-
|7-8 sikamasan pitjulj kata sikamasan valulj
|張維通
|
|-
|9-10 sikamasan sivalj kata sikamasan simuluq 
|梁俊良
|
|-
|11-12 sikamasan simuluq saka ita kata sikamasan simuluq saka drusa
|林慶堂
|
|-
|13 sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu
|陳榮發
|
|-
|14-15 sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj kata sikamasan simuluq saka lima
|李業榮
|
|-
|16 sikamasan simuluq saka unem
|林文堂
|
|-
|17-18 sikamasan simuluq saka pitju kata sikamasan simuluq saka alu
|張堯城
|tucu
|}

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''kisiya a djalan'''
|-
|taiwan kisiya kanriki 
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i taitu
|-
|disiaba i cesan
|-
|'''kunglu'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW9.svg|23px]] masansivalj a djalan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW20a.svg|23px]] masansika drusamuluq a tja(甲) djalanan i taiwan

kemasi dekaw(德高) pasa cesan
|-
|'''vinaciqan ta djalan'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW197.svg|23px]] itaiday siva puluq sa pitju a vinaciqan   
|}

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|gaku na kutjung
|-
|gaku na kutjung a cesan
|-
|gaku na kukumin
|-
|gaku na kukumin a vuyan(福原)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a wanan(萬安)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a wanan i censin(振興)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a dabu(大坡)
|}

== kivangvangan ==
大坡池 dabu a djanaw

台糖池上牧野渡假村 cesan pagung a kadjunangan a kivanvangan 

台東縣客家文化園區 taituking haka a kakudanan a umaq

池上蠶桑休閒農場 cesan kaiku a kivanvangan

伯朗大道 bulang a djalanan 

池上秋收藝術節 cesan patalidu pakata pulami a kamuku

萬安磚窯廠 wanan a kuba pakata lingga kata tapi

池上圳 cesan a hisiu

== racev ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|水稻
|paday
|-
|油菜花
|ljaisip
|-
|池上飯包
|cesan bingdu
|-
|蜂蜜
|alju na tjainan
|-
|油菊
|abura yasai
|-
|剝皮辣椒
|likalik
|-
|麵條
|suba
|-
|爆米花
|dripang
|}

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>pgxsgwhn9b8p1kn735v8wtimq47bekw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kasugagu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <id>1118</id>
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      <minor />
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      <text bytes="6288" sha1="ooeiiqpnas9lviy7q74jirg050m02wo" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Chunrih PT.svg|thumb]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''Chunri'''

(春日鄉)
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak (上級行政區劃)
|qakaw(屏東縣)
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan(舊稱)
|kasubagan
|-
|sepaljavak(區劃)
|unem a mula saka unem a puluq kata lima a (lining) (6村65鄰) 
|-
|sihu(政府)

-guciu(鄉長)

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacuqan/lalaingan tua semanrasudjan a tjaivavav

(行政機關)

-qinati a hulic a sihu(立法機關)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-柯自強(pacun ta guciu na chunri.春日鄉鄉長列表)&lt;/nowiki&gt;

- nasechunri a gukusiu(春日鄉公所)


-daihiyukay  na chunri (春日鄉民代表會)
|-
|tjaljiqaca a pulingetj/

pulingetjan nua kadjunangan/sasusuan tua pasalavagan na katjunangan(總面積)
|160.0010平方公里
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu(平均海拔)
|unem a iday saka tjelu a puluq kata siva a  vavavan a maru  tadjekuacan(639公尺)
|-
|kinavadavadayan nua cawcaw(人口)

-susuan ta kinatjuruvan a caucau a supu/pinenuljatan na cawcaw(總數)

-(pita sasupuan)sikamasan(排名)

-mapida a paljingan?(戶數)
|


-sepatj a kuzulj sa siva a iday saka sepatj a puluq  kata lima a caucau(4,945人)(2021 a cavilj kata 3 a qiljas, 2021年3月)

- 30

-ita a kuzulj sa sepatj a iday kata tjelu a puluq  kata drusa a paljingan(1,432戶)
|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng

(郵政編碼)
|942
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq  a  sihu/sasusuan na umaq a vecik(戶政資料代碼)
|10013310
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan/tjuljivaran nua guan(毗鄰)
|rai(來義鄉), 枋寮鄉, 枋山鄉, sisigu(獅子鄉)；daren(台東達仁鄉)
|}

Chunri（春日鄉）

Chunri gu icuwa i Pingtung. ala atjunangn mapuljat 155.55&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang   67.65&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 84.62&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 4,802 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 1,357 a daceneqlan, Puyuma (96%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

chunri(pinaywanan: kasugagu), a i pasakacedas a vecekad sa navalj tua [[Qakaw king|qakaw]] tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]], a i tjaiviri ta rai, a i tjaikacedas mavan a daren na taitu, a i pasanavalj izua a sizigu, a i tjaikaledep mavananga a枋寮鄉. 

aicu a guan a nakitangez tua gadu i vecekadan a navalj sa kaledep, liaw a katjunangan avan a gadugaduan imaza, sa ika mavatj a katjunangan imaza. avan a maculjuculju a kinavaliyan a kinaqadaqadavan imaza, qaw liaw a kacalisiyan imaza.

==likisi==

chunri(pinaywanan: kasugagu), avan a katjunangan ta karakudakuda a kacalisiyan, sicuayananga, mavadayvaday a qinaljan i kavuluan tiamadju, sa sikavaljualjut ta qemaljup niamatju. qaw metjuruvu a cawcaw sa pasetavet tiamatju a sema tjainavalj ta大漢山. qemaljupqaljup kata tinalem tiamadju tazua. 

ka 1920 a cavilj, pasekawmalj ta taiwan a sihu, sa mavananga a 蕃地 imaza kata pinaljavak na高雄州潮州郡, izua a tapupuq a qinaljan tazua.

ka 1941 a cavilj, vinaday a率芒社 na sihu na ripun ta kasuga, mavan a tucu a春日村a itjaisasaw a kaledep, qaw pungadan a春日（かすが Kasuga ）ta aza ginaljan.

ka ciukukuanan, papungadan a 春日 ta guan na sihu, sa pinaljavak na akaw. sa pinaljavak na qakaw ka 1950 a cavilj patjetucu. ka 1972 a cavilj, siselapay na raljiz ta sepatj a mula, izua a 春日、古華、七佳、力里, sa vinaday ta aza qinaljan taimaza na sihu tucu.

izua a unem a mula i aicu a guan, mavaday ta mula ipasanavalj kata ipasaviri a taqaljaqaljan, izua a mula a ipasaviri, mavan a laleklek(力里), tjuvecekadan(七佳), kinayiman(歸崇). sa izua a mula a ipasanavalj, avan a kasuga(春日), guabar(古華), seveng(士文). aicu a mula a ipasaviri, masa a siselapay ta tjuvecekadan na raljiz, mavaday ta tucu a 新七佳村, qaw tjuljivar ta kinayiman.

tjaljatjuruvu a taqaljaqaljan izaya a penanan ta pana a 力里 tucu. aicu a chunri a mula a ipasaviri, avan a laleklek, tjuvecekadan, kinayiman, kata 南和部落, mavananga a tjaljaqaca a mula i rai, putideq amin a ita a pnan tiamadju. izuazua a pitju a kuzulj a cawcaw a kacalisiyan.

aza cawcaw i chunri, tjaljatjuruvuan ta 春日村, masanmusalj ta 七佳村, avan a paselaw ta takuzulj a cawcaw i aicu a drusa a qinaljan.

aicu a 新七佳, nasetevelj ta tjuruvu a cawcaw a kemasi zuma a qinaljan, izua a 高見社群(tucu a南和部落i rai)a白鷺社 na 巴武馬群, kata a cawcaw a kemasi laleklek, sa masan a qinaljan, ljawa izua a tjelu a likisi na qinaljan.


==南蕃事件==

ka ripunanan, aicu a leklek, mavan a qinaljan tua paselaw ta taiday a paljingan kata takuzulj a cawcaw, ka 1914 a cavilj, secevunganga ta南番騷亂事件(力里抗日事件) i navalj. ka puamin a sihu na ripun, liaw a qinaljan(rai, makazayazya, kuljaljaw, leklek) a vinaday na ripun, sa ika pavalet tiamadju. 

aza vinaday a qinaljan a kemasi leklek, tinevelj ta 歸化門社 na sihu na ripun tua paljavak ta 浸水營古道, mavan a 歸崇部落 a vinaday taimaza patjetucu.

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 6 qinaljan i Chunri. matja 6 qinaljan imaza, Lalekeleke（力里部落）, Kasuga（春日部落）, Seveng（士文部落）, Tjuvecekadan（七佳部落）, Kuabar（古華部落）, Kinayiman（歸崇部落）.


==katjunangan==

aicu a guan, itjaiviri tua pana a 力里(力里溪) na rai, a i tjaikacedas tua daren na tiatu, a i tjaikaledep mavananga a 枋寮鄉kata枋山鄉, a i pasanavalj izua veljeluan a 草山(草山溪), sa tjuljivar ta sizigu.


==kinaqadaqadavan==

avan a熱帶季風a kinaqadaqadavan imaza, sa tjazalangzang nu sicigacu imaza, avan a 攝氏26.9度, tjaljaljeqel nu icigacu imaza, avan a 攝氏18.6度.

izua a kaljaqudjaljan kemasi gugacu ta ziugacu, kinakuljian kemasi ziucidacu ta sigacu, sa makeljang tua kinaqadaqadavan imaza.


==pana==

aicu a guan, a katjunangan imaza a ljeteku a kemasi kacedas itjaikaledep, sa tjaljaqaca a pana mavan a pana a 力里(力里溪), pana a 率芒(率芒溪)kata a veljeluan a 草山(草山溪), veljeluan a 西都驕(西都驕溪).


==paravacan a racev==

manges/kamaya, tinalem a ljaceng, vasa, kafi

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>ooeiiqpnas9lviy7q74jirg050m02wo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tadren</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>22</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12439</id>
      <parentid>12438</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-13T09:19:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* racev */</comment>
      <origin>12439</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8148" sha1="tr8skcdgl1byncrckmwzb8e8w81i0jh" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''daren'''&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(達仁鄉)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Daren Township.svg|thumb|center|daren imaza(qudjidji a pinakeljang)]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|[[Taitu king|taitu]]
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|taren, alangwi
|-
|sepaljavak
|unem a mula lima puluq sa unem a talingan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
|
-陳新輝 (pacun ta guciu na daren)


-nasedaren a gukusiu

-daihiyukay na daren

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan 
|306.4454 km²
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|lima taiday sa pitju puluq sa drusa a maru vavavan tadjekuacan (572m) 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na cawcau


-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-tjelu a kuzulj sa sepatj sa taitai sa siva a tapuluq sa tjelu a caucau(3,422)(2023 a caviljan 10 a qiljasan)

-masansimuluq saka unem(16)

-ita a kuzulj sa sepatj a taitai saka drusa a tapuluq kata tjelu paljingan(1,443)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|966
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10014150
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|(i taiduking)
[[Jinfeng|djinvung]], [[Taimali|tjavuali]], [[Dawu|daibu]];

(i hituking) [[Laiyi|rai]], [[Chunri|kasugagu]], [[Shizi|sisigu]], [[Mudan|sinvaudjan]]
|}


'''Tadren(達仁鄉)'''
daren imaza i pasa[[Taitu king|valangaw]] a navalj, a i viri ciul [[Jinfeng|djinfung]], a i kacedasan ljaqedi [[Dawu|daibu]] itua kacedas pasa navalj secevung tua taipinyang a ljavek, pasamaza ledepan kicencen ta i [[Qakaw king|akaw]] a kuljaljaw, kasuga, [[Shizi|sisigu]], a i navalj kicaing tua i akaw a [[Mudan|sinevaudjan]]. a caucau izua tu 3422 (2023 a caviljan 10 a qiljasan), tjalja kerian imaza i pasataitu a caucau a guan.

a kadjunangan i pasamaza i vecekadan a gadu navalj, i kavulungan pasa navalj, siva puluq pasasuiday sedjelj a gadugadu calisian, kedri a kazatjan, izua pangwi a pana, alungic a pana, djanau a pana, a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledev.

a i guan a taqinaljan paiwan a kacalisian, a remacevan a sengsengan, a kai pinaiwanan. 

==paljavak tua kadjunangan==
unem a mula katua lima puluq sa unem a talingan:

* [[taipang]](台坂) a mula: tjuwavanaq(嘉發那) a qinaljan katua larepaq(拉里巴) a qinaljan au i 1951 a caviljan teveljem anga setjuwaqau a pasamaza.
* [[tjuabar]](土坂) a mula: tjuabar a qinaljan katua tjuwavangas(紹雅). aza palivengai a qinaljan katua mapulu a setjaliling a qunaljan katua kinavaliyan a qinaljan kemasi 1951 a caviljan mata 1955 a caviljan sepakiciule tua setjuabal.  
* [[sinka]](新化) a mula: aza qaquvuljan a qinaljan katua tjivavau a qinaljan katua kuaran a qinaljan kemasi 1951 a caviljan mata 1955 a caviljan teveljem anga se tjukakuljai a pasamaza.
* [[alui]](安朔) a mula: aljungic a qinaljan.
* [[murinaga]](森永) a mula: mapulu a tjalilig a qinaljan katua kinavaliyan a qinaljan lemindjelj kemasi 1951 caviljan mata 1955 a caviljan.
* [[ljupetje]](南田) a mula: mapulu a tjuabal a qinaljan lemindjelj ka 1955 a caviljan.

aza i tjuwavangas a caucau naljiteku mamaza i sinka katua i tjuabar, au namatupang a se tjuwavangas a caucau avananga za i sinku (izua malji a siqivuan dralendren 新興社 aya).

== cinalivatan ==
daren na paiwan a guan ka cin a djiday(清朝) anan na alangwi a kinaizuanan, a tjaljaqazavan a qinaljan avan za tucu aljungic.

ka ripun a djiday, aza ripun cineviqe a taren tu lima a qinaljan: tjuabar, taiban,mulinaka, sinka, aljungic. au taiduting (台東廳) taiduciting (台東支廳) kata taiducin(台東郡) djemadjas sa pizua ta gimeng a kanri tua pakata qinaljan a kakudan, kicaquan, sikic, asi pakakudan na i qinaljan a sengesengan kau kamasan kukuming siveciqe tua valangaw daibu.  1946 a caviljan kemasi taibu a kitjuwaya a kanri tazua a kinsihu a kamakama mavalung pavalitan tu “大仁鄉”. lja tikiluanan kata se taibu ika matjatjaula a niamadju a capilj. ljakua a qinaljan na pupacugan a caucau ikaui kisusu. aicu “大” ika mapualang matu naka mali. ika maqati a kitjuaya. au tazua a sangasangasan a guciu kinemenem tua kai nua tia imaimanga. aza “大” pavalitan ta “達”, au kaiqi a taihiu maljavar, satjezen a pasa kisihu a pakeljang.  

aza taren maitazuanga masan taitu lima na kacalisian a guan.   

== guciu ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|guciu
|-
|1-2 sangasangasan katua sikamasanmusalj
|葛良拜
|-
|3 sikamasan tjelulj
|宋新貴muljasan
|-
|4-5 sikamasan simatjelj katua sikamasan limalj
|王光輝
|-
|6-7 sikamasan nemelj katua sikamasan pitjulj
|王川山
|-
|8-9 sikamasan valulj katua sikamasan sivalj
|宋春雄
|-
|10-11 sikamasan simuluq katua sikamasan simuluq saka ita
|董進輝
|-
|12-13 sikamasan simuluq saka drusa katua sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu
|王光清
|-
|14 sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj
|包世晶
|-
|15 sikamasan simuluq saka lima
|張金生
|-
|16 sikamasan simuluq saka unem (pinupuaming ta sengsengan)
|包世晶
|-
|16 sikamasan simuluq saka unem (mumalj a sinkiu)
|王光清
|-
|17 sikamasan simuluq saka pitju
|王光清
|-
|18 sikamasan simuluq saka alu
|陳新輝
|-
|19 sikamasan simuluq saka pitju
|陳新輝
|}

== caucau ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|caviljan
|caucau
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1981
|sepatj a kuzulj sa lima a daidai sa siva a puluq sa tjelu a caucau (4,593 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1986
|sepatj a kuzulj sa tjelu a taiday sa sepatj a puluq sa tjelu a caucau (4,343 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-5.4%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1991
|sepatj a kuzulj sa itaiday sa pitju a puluq a caucau (4,170 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-4.0%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1996
|sepatj a kuzulj sa itaiday sa alu a puluq sa lima a caucau (4,185 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+0.4%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2001
|sepatj a kuzulj sa rusa a taiday sa tjelu a caucau  (4,203 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+0.4%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2006
|tjelu a kuzulj sa alu a taiday sa tapuluq sa lima a caucau  (3,815 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-9.2%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2011
|tjelu a kuzulj sa siva taiday sa unem puluq sa lima a caucau (3,965 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+3.9%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2016
|tjelu a kuzulj sa lima taiday sa drusa puluq sa sepatj a caucau (3,524 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-11.1%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2021
|tjelu a kuzulj sa sepatj taiday sa tjelu puluq sa pitju a caucau (3,437 a caucau)
| -2.5%
|}

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|gaku na kukumin
|-
|gaku na kukumin a tjuabar
|-
|gaku na kukumin a tjuwavanaq
|-
|gaku na kukumin a aljungic
|-
|gaku na kukumin a aljungic i kuvaleng
|-
|puyucingan
|-
|puyucingan a tjuabar
|}

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|公路
|kunglu
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW9.svg|23px]]
|masansivalj a djalan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW9e.svg|23px]]
|masansivalj a wu (戊) a djalan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW11.svg|23px]]
|masansimuluq sa ita a djalan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW26.svg|23px]]
|masansi drusapuluq sa unem a djalan i taiwan
|-
|縣道
|vinaciqan ta djalan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW199.svg|23px]]
|itaiday siva puluq sa siva a vinaciqan   
|}

== kivangavangan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|大武山自然保留區
|kavulungan a ika kinapalak laulju a kadjunangan
|-
|土坂溫泉
|ngusing a tjuabar 
|-
|阿朗壹古道
|ailang nua djaladjalan kasicuayan
|-
|南田海岸親水公園
|kakivanvangan nua ljavek a ljaving i nanring  
|-
|大龜文王國文化園區
|pakata na tjakuvukuvulj bunka kaizuanan
|}

&lt;gallery&gt;
Dawu Mt+Hunag Chung Yu黃中佑+17755.jpg|kavulungan a ika kinapalak laulju a kadjunangan
Alangyi_Trail,taken_by_cjc_tw.jpg|ailang nua djaladjalan kasicuayan
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== racev ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|蝴蝶蘭
|[[kuciurang]]
|-
|百合花
|[[kulutalaliya]]
|-
|鵝卵石
|qaciljay maru qecilu
|-
|小米
|[[vaqu]]
|-
|芋頭
|[[vasa]]
|-
|花生
|[[paketjaw]]
|-
|荖葉
|[[zangaw]]
|-
|荖花
|[[pitju]]
|-
|紅藜
|[[djulis]]
|-
|咖啡
|[[kuhi]]
|-
|生薑
|[[ljameljam]]
|}

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>tr8skcdgl1byncrckmwzb8e8w81i0jh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Datong</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>23</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12213</id>
      <parentid>12190</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T13:33:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kivangavangan */-sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12213</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5773" sha1="tntqirg9bj779bttb2jch84exodftcq" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;  align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''minnao''' &lt;/br&gt;(datong gu)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Nanshan Village 南山村 - panoramio.jpg|thumb|center|qinaljan i minnao]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Yl dt.png|thumb|center|inuan i minnao i yilan]] 
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|tjaljatekuan a gimeng
|[[yilan king]] (yilan county)
|-
|san kilailaing ta caucau imaza
|何勝立
|-
|kadjunangan
|657.5442 km2
|-
|caucau
|6,093 (qiljas a 2 na cavilj a 2021)
|-
|}

Datong (大同鄉) 

Datong gu icuwa i Yilan. ala atjunangn mapuljat 765.42&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang  651.59&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 79.16&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 5,751 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 1,768 a daceneqlan, Tayal (88%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

==kadjunangan==
a i pasakaledep a navalj a minnao (datong gu) ta yilan king. a i pasakacedas ta [[Nan’ao|kbbu’]]; a i pasanavalj ta [[Heping|pasing]] na taiciu.

==cinalivatan==
ka pinaljavak nia dripun, sipaljavaljavak tamaza a sihu a luodong na taihuku ciu. tjaivililj a djemaljun a sihu a ciukuk, siayain ta qinaljan imaza a ngadan nua veljeluan a lecui (ayain a veljeluan a lanyan tucu) i tjaisangasangasan. manasika papungadan tiamadju tamaza a lecui gu. kacavilj a 1947, sipapungadan tamaza a taiping gu patjara gadu azua a taiping a gadu. malji a ngadan namaza tazua taiping gu i taichung king, manasika siaya tamaza a datong gu kacavilj a 1958.

na tjatjuruvu a caucau (qadjav a tjuruvu anga a 9873 a caucau) a izuazua imaza ayatua pusengesengan tiamadju a kikasiw i ta kasikasiw.

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 9 qinaljan i Datong. matja 19 qinaljan imaza, Alang stacis (寒溪巷部落), Pyanan (南山部落), Qalang skikun (四季部落), Qalang cinaw (智腦部落), Toruy (東壘部落), Syanox (松羅部落), Kalan dalah (崙埤部落), L.muan (茂安部落), Qalang (新光部落), Sqbwh (長嶺部落), Qba (九寮溪部落), Tamalon (玉蘭部落), Bngwan (圓山部落), Knbung (梵梵部落), Pekus (排骨溪部落), Banun (碼崙部落), Sengan (牛鬥部落), Kulu (華興部落), ‘Syabutay (四方林部落) .

===pinaljavakan===
[[sineqetj a vecik:Datong labelled.svg|500px]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|-
!cun !! ling !! paljingan !! caucau !! kadjunangan&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(km²)&lt;/small&gt; !
|-
|taiping cun|| 3 || 27 || 58 || 183.30 
|-
|siji cun || 10 || 306 || 1,017 || 90.92 
|-
|songluo cun || 8 || 66 || 858 || 39.38 
|-
|nanshan cun|| 6 || 272 || 893 || 98.24 
|-
|maoan cun || 3 || 69 || 257 || 79.18 
|-
|yingshi cun|| 8 || 148 || 400 || 58.30 
|-
|lunpi cun || 8 || 231 || 774 || 27.14 
|-
|hanxi cun|| 13 || 364 || 1,111 || 116.26 
|-
|fuxing cun || 7 || 108 || 287 || 32.66 
|-
|yaoshui cun || 8 || 161 || 486 || 40.03 
|-
!datong gu !! 74 !! 1,952 !! 6,141 !! 765.41 
|-
|}

==kakudan==

===gaga===
neka mamazangiljan ta caucau setayal. inika pinaljavak na ta sinankilalaing se ita umaqan a kadjunangan kata qinaljan imaza. ljakua izua '''gaga''' a pinivarungan aicu a kinalaingan a kakudakudan nia caucau se tayal. mavan a gaga a kinalaingan na tayal manasika meseljang a sengesengan niamadju a qaqaljupan kata papalisian uta. izua utux a matu kanasi na kadjunangan, na qinaljan setayal. nu inika palaing a caucau ta gaga nu inika pusepi timadju aya.

==tatuluan==
izua sepatj a kukumin gakku. ljakua neka a daigakku imaza.

==iyubingkiuku (yuzeng)==

===sasupuan na iyubingkiuku===
267 a sasupuan na iyubingkiku se datong gu.

==sipacacikeljan==

===palidring a djalan===
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW7.svg|23px]] sikamasanpitjulj a palidring a djalan na taiwan
**[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW7a.svg|23px]] sikamasanpitjulj-A a palidring a djalan na taiwan
**[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW7c.svg|23px]] sikamasanpitjulj-C a palidring a djalan na taiwan

===basu===
*'''kokkong basu'''
**'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 1751&lt;/span&gt;''' kemasi ta yilan a patje lisan
**'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 1764&lt;/span&gt;''' kemasi ta luodong a patje lisan

=== basu i lizuk ===
*'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:green;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 12&lt;/span&gt;''' kemasi ta pubasuan na yilan a patje 松羅
*'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 1743&lt;/span&gt;''' kemasi ta pubasuan na yilan a patje 松羅
*'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 1744&lt;/span&gt;''' kemasi ta pubasuan na yilan a patje 南山村
*'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 1745&lt;/span&gt;''' kemasi ta pubasuan na yilan a pakapubasuan na luodong a patje 南山村
*'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 1750&lt;/span&gt;''' kemasi ta pubasuan na yilan a patje 太平山
*'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 1793&lt;/span&gt;''' kemasi ta pubasuan na luodong a paka 天送埤 a patje 牛鬥
*'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 1795&lt;/span&gt;''' kemasi ta pubasuan na luodong a paka 廣興 a patje 寒溪
*'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 1795A&lt;/span&gt;''' kemasi ta pubasuan na luodong a paka 國華國中 a patje 寒溪
*'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 1796&lt;/span&gt;''' kemasi ta pubasuan na luodong a paka 天送埤 a patje 松羅
*'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 1798&lt;/span&gt;''' kemasi ta pubasuan na luodong a patje 智腦

==kivangavangan==
&lt;gallery class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
Hanxi Daqiao Bridge 01.jpg|
大同鄉松羅天主堂FUJI8426.JPG |kiukay na 松羅 i tua datong gu
太平山森林遊樂區FUJI8469.JPG|
鳩之澤溫泉FUJI8472.JPG|
翠峰湖環山步道FUJI8528.JPG|
翠峰湖FUJI8571.JPG|
大同鄉松羅村FUJI8379.JPG|
樂水村DSC 6452.JPG|
樂水村東壘（Tolui）DSC 6455.JPG |tolui
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>tntqirg9bj779bttb2jch84exodftcq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dawu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>24</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12181</id>
      <parentid>10424</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-03-16T12:19:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Minorax</username>
        <id>17</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12181</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7647" sha1="0lmp7eo8dosmxpgkhi95pwfahi6799t" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''dawu/daibu'''

&lt;small&gt; (大武鄉)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Dawu Township.svg|thumb|center|dawu imaza (qudjidji a pinakeljang)]]
|-
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|taitu
|-
|sicuayan a ngadan
|alangwi
|-
|sepaljavak
|lima a mula, siva puluq sa pitju a talingan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
|
-黃建賓 (pacun ta guciu na daibu


-nasedaibu a gukusiu

-daihiyukay na daibu

|-
|pulingetjan nua kadjunangan 
|69.1454km²
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|drusaiday sa drusa puluq sa tjelu a maru vavavan tadjekuacan (223m) 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na cawcau


-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-lima a kuzulj sa pitju a taiday sa tapuluq sa drusa a caucau (5,712) (2021 a cavilj kata 1 a qiljas)

-masansimuluq 

-drusa a kuzulj sa sepatj a taiday sa lima puluq sa sepatj paljingan (2,454)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|965
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10014100
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|tjavuali, daren
|}

daibu (pinaywanan: palangwi; pinairangan: Tāi-bú-hiong; nginaingayngan: tai vuˋ hiongˊ) i maza i pasakacedas a navalj tua taituking, nakidjekec tua tjavualji, a i tjaikacedas mavan a taipinyan, a i tjaikaledep katua i pasakaledep a navalj mavananga a i [[Daren|daren]]. aicu a daibu na kemasi cemedas mata keledep a sinanpazangal a na kuruma a vaivaikan a djalang. 

aicu a guan nakitangez tua gadugaduan i vecekadan tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]], tjaliaw a gadu izua, keri a kazatjan. izua daibu a pana, uwan (烏萬) a pana, cauyun (朝庸) a pana. a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledev. ljakua zaljavavavan maretimalji tua kalevelevan pasusu tua vavavan nua gadu.

a caucau i daibu, izua paiwan a kacalisian, pairang, ngaingai katua tjau samaza kemaizua maretimalji a kuka a tjuruvu a caucau matevetevelj. katalemmang avan aza pakata nugiu katua kiciqaw. azua kuba katua siubay ika mirazek. 

== cinalivatan ==
kasicuayan aza i daibu sedjelja na paiwan kacalisiyan a vaviakan, ka sicuayan a qivu palangwi, aza imi pinaiwanan “malap ta bata sa kelemi”. tjasangasangas a cavilj aza paiwan kakemasi maza i gadu sa ljiteku a mamaza itaibu a pana, lemagav tua namaqal ikau maqati a kaizuanan a belebeleq, leneleneq, ayaing tua bata sa banbangen kjadjunangan tu kiluangata, avan nuizuazanamaitucu a kinipungadan.

ka djipung anan imaza, aicu a kadjunangan pavalitan tua “daibu”, ka 1920 a cavilj san ciyican (區役場), 1937 a cavilj pavalitan ta daibu, sipavecik pavalangaw sa kanrivi. kapuamin a maqaqeci qepuing a kacalisian lemindjel anga ya valangaw taibu, 1946 a cavilj aza gadugaduan piqen sa kisuvek, avan tucu anga taren. 

== paljavak tua kadjunangan ==
1945 a cavalj lemindjelj tu taibu, sangu, tjacuqu, uduli, tjuabar, sautja, tjaligik, taiban, alui, siva a qinaljan; 1946 a cavilj sigac ita qadaw aza i tjuabare, saucia, tjaligi, taiban, alui a lima qinaljan pakilingdjelem tua taren; 1967 a cavilj sipatevelj a rudjaqas masan lima a qinaljan. aza gukusie imazangata i taibu, lja paqepu tua i tunpu a sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek, avan zua patjavaten. aza penuljat a qinaljan izua tjacuhu, uduli, rudjaqas, daibu, tunpu, penuljat lima qinaljan siva puluq sa pitju talingan.

== kalevelevan ==
daibu imaza a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledev. aza pakata i taibu ljemizau ta kalevelevan kaizuanan pinuqezelj a vecik namaitucu. 

lja aicu i taibu imaza i taiwan a kecedasan, sa ca i kalinku katua taitu a katjunangan nu kaljazalazangan ruizua masi sezasezam a vali. a tja lja sezaman 40.2°C (104.4°F), a imaza a itua 2020 a cavilj pitju a qiljas a drusa puluq sa lima a qadaw. a pinakeciyu a tjaljakedriyan 10.0°C (50.0°F) a itua 1958 a cavilj a drusa qiljas a puluq sa sepatj a qadaw a venickan.

== caucau ==
kemasi 2015 a tjaljavirivan a cavilj mata 2020 a tjaljavirivan a cavilj na mekedri lima taiday sa siva puluq sa pitju a caucau, nu tjasupuing namekedri 9.44%, avan angata tjaljatja liavan a mekedri a caucau a qinaljan imaza i kacedas a pasataiwan. a sivelican sikamasan valulj.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1981
|alu a kuzulj sa sepatj a taiday sa tjelu a caucau (8,403 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1986
|pitju a kuzulj sa siva a taiday sa lima puluq sa tjelu a caucau (7,953 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-5.4%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1991
|pitju a kuzulj sa tjelu a taiday sa lima puluq a caucau (7,350 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-7.6%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1996
|unem a kuzulj sa siva a taiday sa alu puluq sa alu a caucau (6,988 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-4.9%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2001
|unem a kuzulj sa pitju a taiday sa tjelu puluq sa siva a caucau (6,739 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-3.6%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2006
|pitju a kuzulj kata tjelu a taiday kata pitju puluq kata drusa a caucau (7,372 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+9.4%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2011
|unem a kuzulj sa pitju a taiday sa siva puluq a caucau (6,790 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-7.9%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2016
|unem a kuzulj sa drusaiday sa tjelu puluq sa alu a caucau (6,238 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-8.1%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|}

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sinupuan
|-
|gaku na kutjung
|-
|gaku na kutjung a daibu
|-
|gaku na kukumin
|-
|gaku na kukumin a daibu
|-
|gaku na kukumin a pacavalj
|-
|gaku na kukumin a tunpu
|-
|gaku na kukumin a pacavalj i tjukuvulj
|}

== racev ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|小米
|vaqu
|-
|鳳梨
|pangudralj
|-
|釋迦
|qamuljumulju
|-
|荔枝
|qudjidjilj a gingging
|-
|波羅蜜
|pulumi
|-
|旗魚
|aza ciqaw izua tjaljaqaca anemanga ivavaw a angalj (neka vecik)
|-
|白帶魚
|tja vudeqideqilj a ljaluaruaruq a ciqaw
|-
|蝴蝶蘭
|kuciurang
|-
|焚風
|masi sezasezam a vali
|}

== guciu ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|guciu
|-
|1-2 sangasangasan katua sikamasanmusalj
|許兩家
|-
|3-4 sikamasan tjelulj katua sikamasan simatjelj
|黃梅如
|-
|5-6 sikamasan limalj katua sikamasan nemelj
|許兩家
|-
|7-8 sikamasan pitjulj katua sikamasan valulj
|陳登科
|-
|9-10 sikamasan sivalj katua sikamasan simuluq
|陳芝
|-
|11-12 sikamasan simuluq saka ita katua sikamasan simuluq saka drusa
|鍾明祥
|-
|13 sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu
|王政國
|-
|14 sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj
|王福源
|-
|15 sikamasan simuluq saka lima
|吳仲民
|-
|16 sikamasan simuluq saka unem
|趙世崇
|-
|16 sikamasan simuluq saka unem (mumalj a sinkiu)
|趙宏翰
|-
|17 sikamasan simuluq saka pitju
|趙宏翰
|-
|18 sikamasan simuluq saka alu
|黃建賓
|}

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|kisiya a djalan
|-
|taiwan kisiya kanriki
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i pasa navalj
|-
|disiaba i kuzuang (古莊)
|-
|disiaba i daibu
|-
|disiaba i qaljapi (rinevuranga)
|-
|kunglu
|-
|masansivalj a djalan i taiwan
|-
|vinaciqan ta djalan
|-
|itaiday siva puluq sa alu a vinaciqan 
|-
|basu
|-
|basu a dingdung
|-
|basu a kukang
|}

== kivangavangan==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|金龍湖
|cinglung a vacan
|-
|浸水營古道
|cingsuing nua djaladjalan kasicuayan
|-
|尚武漁港
|tunpu a sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek
|-
|北龍宮
|biu a bilung 
|-
|金龍湖公園
|kakivangavangan a cinglung
|-
|大武國家森林步道
|taibu a kuni a djaladjalan i kasikasiw
|-
|大武鄉濱海樂園
|kakivanvangan nua ljavek a ljaving i taibu
|-
|山豬窟休閒農場
|papuquzipan ta dridri a sikiluljayan a kadjunangan
|}

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>0lmp7eo8dosmxpgkhi95pwfahi6799t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Donghe</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>25</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12705</id>
      <parentid>10417</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-15T06:55:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* paravacan a racev */</comment>
      <origin>12705</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5848" sha1="lepjmk5yzmgtqecrzksm2fqz7xgbsla" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''donghe'''

(東河鄉)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Seascape looking towards Jinzun on a sunny day in August.jpg|thumb|center|pasaljavek i donghe gu]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak (上級行政區劃)
|taitu(台東縣)
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan(舊稱)
|fafukod(’inamizukan, 阿美語)
|-
|sepaljavak(區劃)
|pitju a mula ata drusa a tayday saka tapuluq kata  lima a (lining) (7村215鄰) 
|-
|sihu(政府)

-guciu(鄉長)

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacuqan

/lalaingan tua semanrasudjan a tjaivavav(行政機關)

-qinati a hulic a sihu(立法機關)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-葉啟伸(pacun ta guciu na donghe.東河鄉鄉長列表)&lt;/nowiki&gt;

- nasedonghe a gukusiu(東河鄉公所)


-daihiyukay  na donghe (東河鄉民代表會)
|-
|tjaljiqaca a pulingetj/

pulingetjan nua kadjunangan/sasusuan tua pasalavagan na katjunangan

(總面積)
|210.1908平方公里
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu/sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan(平均海拔)
|tjelu a tayday saka djelu a puluq kata sepatj a  vavavan a maru  tadjekuacan(346公尺)
|-
|kinavadavadayan nua cawcaw(人口)

-susuan ta kinatjuruvan a caucau a supu/pinenuljatan na cawcaw(總數)

-( pita sasupuan)sikamasan(排名)

-mapida a paljingan?(戶數)
|


-alu a kuzulj sa ita a tayday saka unem a puluq  kata unem a caucau(8,166人)(2021 a cavilj kata 3 a qiljas, 2021年3月)

- masanemelj(第6)

-djelu a kuzulj sa pitju a taiday kata tapuluq a  paljingan(3,710戶)
|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng

(郵政編碼)
|959
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu/sasusuan na umaq a vecik(戶政資料代碼)
|10014070
|-
|tjuljivaran nua guan(毗鄰)
|madawdaw(’inamizukan)、fanaw(’inamizukan)、Kinalaungan(’inbununzukan)、shikano(’inamizukan)、inpiing(’inbununzukan)、beinan；kongpo(’inamizukan) i valangaw

(成功鎮、池上鄉、關山鎮、鹿野鄉、延平鄉、卑南鄉；花蓮鄉富里鄉)
|}

Donghe（東河鄉）

Donghe gu icuwa i Taitung. ala atjunangn mapuljat 215.12&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang  111.01&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 0&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 8,802 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 3,787 a daceneqlan, Amis (52%) a maqcuwa caucau. 
paiwan a maqcuwa caucau.

donghe, (’inamizukan: Fafukod i；kai na [[Taiwan|taiwan]]: Tong-hô-hiong；kai na客家語：Tûng-hò-hiông）i pasakacedas a viri tua taitu tua taiwan, nakidekes tua sefuli i valangaw, i pasakacedas a viri tua chenggong, a i tjaikacedas mavan a taipingyan, a i tjaikaledep mavananga a chishang, guanshan, luye, a i pasanavalj izua a sepuyuma.

a guciu a i pasakacedas tua gadu i ljemaveljavekan tua taiwan, liaw a gaduan imaza, mavan a ljemaveljavekan kata nakinitavagan taicu a katjunangan(盆地).

aicu a katjunagan i ljemaveljavekan i kazatjan, avan a paqapulu ta sengsengan imaza, sa aicu a kinavangan a katjunangan, izua a liaw a pana kata gadugadu, sa pazangal tua semamaza. azua a kinaqadavan namasan maculjuculju a kinavaliyan a kinaqadavan imaza.

tjuruvu a amizuku imaza i guciu, ruqivu tiamadju ta ’inamizukan. a sikaqatian ta temalem ta namanamanga.

==likisi==

donghe, izua a sicuayanga a ngadan mavan a Maloalong nua amizuku, aicu a ngadan, mamau ta pana a 馬武窟 a kasicuayanga. masa liaw a ciqaw imaza, tjuruvu a uqaljayqaljay a semamaza tua kiciqaw a ljemita ta qadaw, sa papungadan ta “Fafukod” taimaza. a ngadan a pacugan, mavan a “sisavang ta kiciqaw”. ka sihu nua ciukuk anan, a pinaljavak na 卑南廳kata臺東直隸州管轄.

ka 1920 a cavilj, izua a 都鑾區 a kinaqecian, ka 1937 a cavilj, iumalj ta Adulan(都蘭庄), pinaljavak na 臺東廳新港郡. ka pakavilji a masanmusalj a makaqeci sekacawan, a pinaljavak na 臺東縣都蘭鄉, sa  papungadan taimaza a matucu.

a ngadan a東河 a tjacikel, izua a drusa,

aicu a pana a Fafukod, avan a i pasakacedas tua ljavek, sa masanitalj a guciu na sihu,陳曲江, alapen ta ngadan nimadju a vecik ta 「東」, kata 「江」avan a 「河」, sa papungadan ta 「東河」taimaza.

ljawa, naqiva ti 陳濟岳, a kalaingan ni 陳曲江, aicu a ngadan a 東河 a pacudan, mavan a aza bulaybulay a pana i pasakacedas tua taipingyan, ayain. a masanitalj a guciu na sihu a kama nimadju, masa mamau ta ngadan taimaza, sa maljavaljavar a zuma. ini a pakulid aza a tjacikel ta alapen ta ngadan ni kama nimadju.(naqivu ti 陳濟岳 ka 2021 a cavilj kata 3 a qiljas kata 12 a qadaw.)

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 7 qinaljan i Donghe. matja 10 qinaljan imaza, Sena'（順那部落）, Asiroay（阿奚露艾部落）, Howak（乎哇固部落）, Pa'anifong（巴阿尼豐部落）, Kalifangar（佳尼發納部落）, ‘Etolan（阿度蘭部落）, Alapawan（阿拉巴灣部落）, Cilafinan（基拉菲婻部落）, Fafokod（發富谷部落）, Ma’olaway（瑪屋撈外部落）.

izua a pitju a mula, avan a北源村、東河村、隆昌村、都蘭村、尚德村、泰源村、興昌村.

izua a drusa a tayday kata drusa a puluq a (lining).

==tatuluan==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Delight-Land Elementary School playground 20121202.jpg|thumb|right|kedrikedri a gakku na dulan]]
izua lima a gakku a kedrikedri imaza i donghe gu.

==sipacacikelan==
===palidring a djalan===
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW11.svg|23px|省道]] sikamasansimuluq saka ita a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW23.svg|23px|省道]] sikamasan 23 a palidring a djalan na taiwan

==paravacan a racev==

* [[kamulaw]]

* [[tjanes]]/[[vinalitjuk]]

* [[kidray]]

* [[umi]]

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>lepjmk5yzmgtqecrzksm2fqz7xgbsla</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Drangadrang Yang</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>26</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10462</id>
      <parentid>10246</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-07-28T23:31:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:饅頭老師|饅頭老師]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>7545</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2175" sha1="rds2ilw5hd4uajq9o4n21qomybjezjm" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; | Yang Yung-wei
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[File:楊勇緯.jpg|thumb|Yang Yung-wei|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | judoka
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kangadanan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  楊勇緯
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]] 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1997.9.28 (23 a cavilj)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]][[Taiwan]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[Paiwan]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|wangzan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |https://www.instagram.com/yangyungwei/
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|gakku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |na sihu taiwan daigaku pakata undu (國立臺灣體育運動大學)
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kaqinaljan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  [[Taichung]],  [[Taiwan]]
|-
|}

ti '''Drangadrang Yang Yung-wei''' (楊勇緯, 1997.9.28- ), a judoka nua [[Taiwan]] timadju, izua a pungadanngadan a sinsi uta i na sihu taiwan daigaku pakata undu (國立臺灣體育運動大學) timadju. 

ka 2021 a cavilj, timadju kicaciur tua 2020 aulingpiya undukai (奧林匹亞運動會)  imaza i [[Dripun|ripun]] i tukiyu(東京), saka timadju na kialap tua masanmusalj, masan angata sangasangasan a unduin na djemamek tua juduka a pakaleva,  avan auta sangasangasan a unduin kialap tua nibang a pakaleva pakata 60kg juduka a 項目 nua i aulingpiya undukai a cinalivatan.

ti drangadrang timadju se[[Shizi|sisigu]] nua i [[Qakaw king|qakaw king]], se payuan timadju.

== kasizuan ==
* [https://www.ijf.org/judoka/27304 楊勇緯]在國際柔道聯盟的頁面
* [https://www.tpenoc.net/athlete/yung-wei-yang/ 楊勇緯]在中華奧林匹克委員會的頁面</text>
      <sha1>rds2ilw5hd4uajq9o4n21qomybjezjm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Dripun</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>27</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12584</id>
      <parentid>12172</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-16T10:11:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kaizuanan */kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12584</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4132" sha1="imfizfkd8a01lqsgi2qr33mo5jtys55" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border
|+''Dripun  日本囯 (kukka i Asia)''
|-
| flag ||&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Flag of Japan.svg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|-
| vinecikan||
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Imperial Seal of Japan.svg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|-
 |Paketu nakukka||《[[君が代]]》[[sineqetj a vecik:Kimi ga Yo instrumental.ogg]]
|-
! Kai  !!
|-
| kai nakukka || Drinipunan&lt;ref&gt;[http://houseikyoku.sangiin.go.jp/column/column068.htm], 法制執務コラム集「法律と国語・日本語」&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| vecik nakukka || Kana
|-
!  sihu !!
|-
| vusam na mamazangiljan || Akihitu（Cugu nu miya）
|-
| sihuciu || Abe Shinzō
|-
| lipuinciu || Date Chūichi kati  Tadamori Ōshima
|-

!  kadjunangan !!
|-
| penuljat || 377,962 km^2&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150922153823/http://www.stat.go.jp/data/nenkan/pdf/yhyou01.pdf], 《日本統計年鑑》第1章　國土・気象&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| pana || 0.8%
|-
!  Gini &amp; HDI&amp;GDP !!
|-
| Gini (2014) || 37.9&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210103154139/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2172rank.html], World Factbook: Gini Index&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| HDI (2014) || 0.891&lt;ref&gt;[http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr_2015_statistical_annex.pdf], 2015 Human Development Report&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| GDP  ||  4,730,520,000,000 $&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.imf.org/external/pubs/ft/weo/2016/02/weodata/weorept.aspx?sy=2014&amp;ey=2021&amp;scsm=1&amp;ssd=1&amp;sort=country&amp;ds=.&amp;br=1&amp;c=158&amp;s=NGDPD%2CNGDPDPC%2CPPPGDP%2CPPPPC&amp;grp=0&amp;a=&amp;pr.x=68&amp;pr.y=15], World Economic Outlook Database. International Monetary Fund (IMF). October 2016&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! caucau  !!
|-
| penuljat || 126,346,000&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.stat.go.jp/data/jinsui/new.htm], 日本總務省統計局&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| zuku || Huzizuku (98.5%), Ainuzuku, Han, Kuria
|}

'''Dripun''' (Drinipunan: 日本国／にっぽんこく／にほんこく Nippon-koku)

na patagiljanga a kakunian a dripun a mepupicul a paqulid ka qadjav a kemasi tua kacaviljan a 1880 a patje kacaviljan a 1900. sa vaik tiamadju a paljavak tua kadjunangan nua zuma a qinaljan, nua zuma a kakunian aya. a sangasangasan, na qemav tiamadju tua kadjunangan nua liukiw (Uruma; ウルマ). sa ka pasusu tiamadju a djemaljun tua [[Taiwan|tayuan]], kuriya (Korea), katua zumanga a qinaljan tazua, sinansihu niamadju tu paljavak taza kadjunangan. a tja kineljang a dripun mavan a tjaljapupicul a kunian i asiya (Asia) tazua kemasi caviljan a 1900. a i pasakacedasan itua kacauan amin aicu a dripun a kiqavan tua zuma a kunian i pasakaledepan. na pasemalaw a dripung tu uri patagiljan tiamadju a kiqecevan tua djermeny (Germany) ka 1914 a caviljan. na paljavak a sivitay nua dripun tua lizuk a cindaw (青島市) a ciniukukan nu i kacaviljan a 1922. pasuvililj na patagilj a sivitay nua dripun a kilailaing tua pulitik (politics) i dripun. semanvasizem (Fascism) a pazangizangilj a kunian a dripun tu seljavak tua sikamasanmusalj a maqaqecian nua i kacauan. na temagilj a dripun a lemivu tua kadjunangan nua ciukuk nu i kacaviljan a 1931.

==kaian==
sipatatevelak a kaian a drinipunan nua tjaljatjuruvu a caucau i dripun.&lt;ref&gt;Fujita-Round, Sachiyo; Maher, John C. (2017). &quot;[https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007%2F978-3-319-02344-1_36 Language Policy and Education in Japan]&quot;. In McCarty, Teresa L.; May, Stephen (eds.). Language Policy and Political Issues in Education. Encyclopedia of Language and Education (3rd ed.). Springer International Publishing. pp. 491–505. doi:10.1007/978-3-319-02344-1_36. ISBN 978-3-319-02343-4.&lt;/ref&gt; sikaljavaran a kinakaian nua tukiyu (とうきょうほうげん) tucu.

==taqaljaqaljan==
a tja kineljang a sasupuan nua caucau i dripun tua sihu a dripun, izuanga ma 124 776 364 a caucau tazua i qiljasan a 1 nua kacaviljan a 2019. kumalj a tjaljatjuruvu a caucau azua i dripun mavan a taqaljan a iyamatu (やまとみんぞく), izuazua uta a zuma a qinaljan. na temagilj a caucau a tjuqalja a djemaljun a semamaza i dripun kemasi tua qadjav a 1890 a caviljan. a seciukuk, a sekurin (고려인) tiamadju a mangetjez tua dripun. sa izua uta kemaizuanan a caucau a seainu.

==pacunu uta ==
* [[Taiwan]]
* [[Tailiku]]

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

&lt;!--Interwikis--&gt;</text>
      <sha1>imfizfkd8a01lqsgi2qr33mo5jtys55</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Fengbin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>28</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12222</id>
      <parentid>10401</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T13:43:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* remayurangan */-sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12222</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4980" sha1="leai2cw2wurscl07ssk3q7w492igcy2" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;  align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''fengbin gu''' 
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Jici Beach, Taiwan.jpg|thumb|center|pinapacuanan a fengbin gu]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Fengbin HL.svg|thumb|center|inuan i fengbin gu]]
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|tjaljatekuan a gimeng
|kalingeku king (hualien county)
|-
|san kilalaing ta gu a caucau
|江莉婷
|-
|kadjunangan
|162.4332 km2
|-
|caucau
|4,376
|-
|sasupuan na iyubingkiuku
|977
|-
|}


'''Fengbin（豐濱鄉）'''

Fengbin gu icuwa i Hualien. ala atjunangn mapuljat 157.26&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang 61.89&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 12.67&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 4,464 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 1,704 a daceneqlan, Amis, Kebalan, Sakizaya, Bunun (83%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

a i pasakacedas ta ljavek; a i pasaviri ta rinahem(shoufeng gu); a i pasanavalj ta kakacawan(changbin gu) na valangaw; a i pasakaledep ta [[Fenglin|marlimu(fenglin)]], fata'an(guangfu gu), kohkoh(ruisui gu), kata posko(yuli).

izuazua a tjatjuruvu a caucau se amis(pangcah) imaza. izua qinaljan na sakizaya kata kebalan uta.

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 5 qinaljan i Fengbin. matja 15 qinaljan imaza, Laeno（大港口部落）, Makotaay（港口部落）, Tida'an（石梯坪部落）, Kodic（立德部落）, Fakong（豐濱部落）, Haciliwan（八里灣部落）, Tingalaw（豐富部落）, Tisilan（靜安部落）, Tafugan（三富橋部落）, Cawi（靜浦部落）, Malaloong（東興部落）, Dipit（復興部落）, Paterungan（新社部落）, Kaluluwan（磯崎部落）, Culiu（高山部落）.

===pinaljavakan===
sipaljavaljavak na sihu a fengbin gu tucu taicu a alu a qinaljan a lima a cun imaza.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!cun
!qinaljan
!caucau se inuan
|-
|磯崎村
|karoro'an
|sesakizaya
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |新社村
|paterungan
|sekavalan
|-
|mararo'ong
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |se amis(pangcah)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |fengbin cun
|fakong
|-
|tingalaw
|-
|kudis
|sekavalan
|-
|港口村
|makotaay
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |se amis(pangcah)
|-
|靜浦村
|cawi'
|}

==cinalivatan==
kasicuayan a kinaizuan a qinaljan na caucau se kacalisian. izua qinaljan imaza a paterungan, makotaay, fakong, kata zumanga.

==kadjunangan==
izua qadjav a 162 km2 a kadjunangan imaza i pinaljavakan a fengbin gu.

==caucau==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; font-size:90%&quot;
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1981
!kacavilj a 1982
!kacavilj a 1983
!kacavilj a 1984
!kacavilj a 1985
!kacavilj a 1986
!kacavilj a 1987
!kacavilj a 1988
!kacavilj a 1989
!kacavilj a 1990
|-
!caucau
|'''8,747'''
|8,721
|8,639
|8,590
|8,486
|8,382
|8,090
|8,049
|7,875
|7,704
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1991
!kacavilj a 1992
!kacavilj a 1993
!kacavilj a 1994
!kacavilj a 1995
!kacavilj a 1996
!kacavilj a 1997
!kacavilj a 1998
!kacavilj a 1999
!kacavilj a 2000
|-
!caucau
|7,634
|7,564
|7,455
|7,381
|7,326
|7,203
|7,096
|6,839
|6,615
|6,405
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2001
!kacavilj a 2002
!kacavilj a 2003
!kacavilj a 2004
!kacavilj a 2005
!kacavilj a 2006
!kacavilj a 2007
!kacavilj a 2008
!kacavilj a 2009
!kacavilj a 2010
|-
!caucau
|6,345
|6,138
|5,939
|5,694
|5,619
|5,472
|5,356
|5,174
|5,135
|5,065
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2011
!kacavilj a 2012
!kacavilj a 2013
!kacavilj a 2014
!kacavilj a 2015
!kacavilj a 2016
!kacavilj a 2017
!kacavilj a 2018
!kacavilj a 2019
!kacavilj a 2020
|-
!caucau
|4,857
|4,668
|4,632
|4,706
|4,541
|4,439
|4,383
|4,752
|4,476
|'''4,376'''
|-
|}

==papupaysu==

===tataleman===

===kakiciqavan===

==tatuluan==
izua lima a gakku a kedrikedri imaza.

==biuing==
izua ita a biuing imaza i fengbin gu.

==iyubingkiuku (yuzeng)==

===sasupuan na iyubingkiuku===
977 a sasupuan na iyubingkiku se fengbin.

==remayurangan==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Fengbin Tropic of Cancer Marker 20150227a.jpg|qeluz taicu a cacekadan a pasaviri
Jici Beach, Taiwan.jpg|pasaljavek a ciki(磯崎)
Baci Scenic Lookout, Hualien County (Taiwan).jpg|sipacucunan i paki(芭崎)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==sipacacikeljan==

===palidring a djalan===
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW11.svg|23px]] sikamasansimuluq saka ita a palidring a djalan na taiwan
**[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW11a.svg|23px]] sikamasansimuluq saka ita-A a palidring a djalan na taiwan&lt;/br&gt;(pasakaledep ta [[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW9.svg|23px]] sikamasansivalj a palidring a djalan na taiwan)
*sikamasan 64 a palidring a djalan na kalinku(palidring a djalan a 瑞港)

===basu===
*sikamasan 1125 a basu na sutu, a kemasi ta ljaljevavavan na fata'an(guangfu) ta kisiya a patjemaza i fakong(fengbin)
*sikamasan 1140 a basu na kalinku, a kemasi ta kalinku a patje 靜浦
*sikamasan 1140-A a basu na kalinku, a kemasi ta kalinku a patje 靜浦

===kisiya djalan===

===gungkang===

===hikuki===

==djamay==

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>leai2cw2wurscl07ssk3q7w492igcy2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Fenglin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>29</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10415</id>
      <parentid>10160</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-07-28T23:28:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>7488</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3717" sha1="h535i90v930jkej2wtfn7e7psb08dfp" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;  align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''fenglin''' 
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Street in Fonglin Township , Hualien.JPG|thumb|center|pinapacunan a fenglin]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Fenglin HL.svg|thumb|center|inuan i fenglin]] 
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|tjaljatekuan a gimeng
|kalingeku (hualien county)
|-
|san kilalaing ta lizuk a caucau
|蕭文龍
|-
|kadjunangan
|120.5181 km2
|-
|caucau
|10,787
|-
|}

Fenglin gu icuwa i [[Kalinku king|kalinku(Hualien)]]. ala atjunangn mapuljat 127.45&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang 1.5&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 9.08&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 1,855 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 763 a daceneqlan, Amis (60%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

siaya uta tamaza a fenglin a marlimu na kakaian se pangcah(amis). a i pasakacedas tua [[Fengbin|fakong(fengbin gu)]]; a i pasakaledep tua malibasi(wanrung gu); a i pasaviri tua alupalan (shoufeng gu); a i pasanavalj tua fata'an(guangfu gu).

kaizuazuan na caucau se kacalisian imaza. izua caucau se pangcah(amis), se sakizaya, se truku. kakaian imaza a amis, sakizaya, truku, kata nginaingaian.

ngaingai aicu a 60% a caucau a tjatjuruvu imaza i pasakacedas tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. na pazangal a papupicul taicu a kakudkudan na ngaingai imaza.

==kadjunangan==
lialiaw a veljeluan imaza. kemasi ta kaledep a patje imaza i kacedas a veljeluan aicu a yayung ciyakang(chyakan), pasaviri a cincuy a veljeluan, fenglin a veljeluan, mariu(wanli a veljeluan), mataian a veljeluan, katazumazuma.

==cinalivatan==
cauicauyanga a pinapungadan nia pangcah (caucau se amis) imaza a marlimu. mavan a siayaya taicu a calisilisi a ngadan a marlimu.

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 12 qinaljan i Fenglin. matja 6 qinaljan imaza, Cingaroan（鳳信部落）, Cirakayan（山興部落）, Cihafayan（中興部落）, Sariwsiw（大榮部落）, Tangahang（長橋部落）, Cilo'ohay（森榮部落）.

==caucau==
inika matjuruvu a caucau imaza i fenglin. ljakua tjatjuruvu a caucau imaza ta caucau i guanshan i valangaw kata caucau i jiji i lamtaw.

===mapida a caucau i li a malji===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+caucau i maljia a li na fenglin&lt;sub&gt;(qiljas a 12 na cavilj a 2020)&lt;/sub&gt;
!li!!paljingan!!uqaljay!!vavayan!!penuljat ta caucau
|-
|鳳仁里||518||695||663||1358
|-
|鳳義里||293||357||336||693
|-
|鳳禮里||257||322||328||650
|-
|鳳智里||543||647||668||1315
|-
|鳳信里||590||789||713||1502
|-
|山興里||273||301||264||565
|-
|大榮里||552||758||687||1445
|-
|北林里||245||331||287||618
|-
|南平里||261||316||255||571
|-
|林榮里||368||481||457||938
|-
|長橋里||467||572||504||1076
|-
|森榮里||34||44||46||90
|-
!fenglin!!4401!!5613!!5208!!10821
|}

==tatuluan==
izua pitju a gakku na kukumin. izua tjelu a gakku na kutjung.

==kakipucemelan==
izau pitju a kakipucemelan imaza i fenglin.

==sipacacikeljan==

===kisiya===
*ljaljevavavan a linrong shin kong
*ljaljevavavan a nanping
*ljaljevavavan a fenglin
*ljaljevavavan a wanrong

===palidring a djalan===
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW9.svg|23px|省道]] sikamasansivalj a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW11.svg|23px|省道]] sikamasansimuluq saka ita a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW193.svg|23px|縣道]] sikamasan 193 a palidring a djalan na kalingeku king

===basu===
*[[Basu|basu]] a taroko
*basu a kalingeku(Hualien Transportation Bus)

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>h535i90v930jkej2wtfn7e7psb08dfp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Fuli</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>30</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11200</id>
      <parentid>11132</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-29T07:42:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dradran</username>
        <id>857</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11200</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10077" sha1="2jdra2e1f3c509m9ixkh5h3x395inu2" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''vuli guan'''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:2010 07 17880 6175 Fuli Township, Taiwan, Highway 9.JPG|center|230px]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Fuli HL.svg|thumb|center|vuli imaza (qudjidji a pinakeljang)]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|[[Kalinku king|kalinku king]]
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|dacuang(大庄),kungpu(公埔) 
|-
|sepaljavak
|puluq sa tjelu a mula, drusaiday sa lima puluq sa sepatj a talingan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
|
-陳榮聰(pacun ta guciu na vuli) 

-nasevuli a gukusiu

-daihiyukay na vuli

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan 
|176.3705 km²
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|lima taiday sa sepatj a maru vavavan tadjekuacan (504m) 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na caucau-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-siva kuzulj sa siva  taiday sa sepatj puluq sa lima a caucau(9,945)(2021 a cavilj sigac)

-masansimuluq (10)

-sepatj kuzulj sa lima puluq sa pitju a paljingan (4,057)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|983
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10015100
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|[[Yuli|yuli]], [[Zhuoxi|zusi]], [[Changbin|cangbin]],
[[Chenggong|cenkung]], [[Donghe|dunghe]], [[Chishang|cesang]]
|}

'''Fuli(富里鄉)'''

vuli gu (’inamizukuan：Kongpo；nginaingayngan：fuˇ liˋ hiongˋ) imaza i pasanavalj tua [[Kalinku king|kalingu king]], a i viri nakidjekec tua [[Yuli|yuli]], a i kaledep nakidjekec tua [[Zhuoxi|zusi]], a i kacedas a pasaviri nakidjekec tua [[Changbin|cangbin]], a i kacedas nakidjekec tua [[Chenggong|cenkung]], a i kacedas a pasanavalj nakidjekec tua [[Donghe|dunghe]], a i navalj kicaing tua i [[Chishang|cesang]].

a imaza izua a ita kudrav a caucau, izua haka, pairang, ciuku, amizuku, dawulung zuku, makadaw zuku kata silaya zuku kemaizua maretimalji a kuka a tjuruvu a caucau matjevetjevelj. a kai ’inamizukuan kata nginaingayngan. katalemmang avan aza nugiu, izua vuli paday, ngilengil kata kingtjang a pazangal a racev. aza liuseshisan(六十石山’inamizukuan：Talampo), lusan tjaljitiw kata siawtiensiang(小天祥) i dungvu kunglu pavan nu pungadan a kivangvangan.

== cinalivatan ==
pakata neycengpu a “kiman ta kadjunangan a paqaqalut a lemusadj a vecik”, izua vecik a pakata ngadan nua “vuli guan”: aza vuli guan imaza i vecekadan a kalinku kata valangaw sevesevec a lizulizuk. avan a tjapasanavalj a guan i kalingu king. aza sikataqaljan tjatjuruvu ta haka, pairang, makadaw, dawulung kata amizuku, izua a mavekelj a sebunun kata ciuku. a sicuayan a ngadan “kungpu”(公埔), au imaza a kadjunangan izua mapida siqivuan:   

* kasicuayan imaza na sihu a dantay kata na pinpu zuku a papagungan, sipaquziquzip ta gung kata sizi, saka makalap tua ngadan, sa izua “kungpu” aicu a ngadan.

* ka 1875 a cavilj a tinagiljan, sualapen ta kinaqilji a mareka kulet, ka lemindjelj ta pinanka vukency(撫墾局), pakeljang ta qemuma a kakudan, tjinuicun a macidilj kiqalutanan ta ita marutarauljan a can a qemuma, au sapavai uta vavua ita marutarauljan a pakasengeseng. aza inianan kinasengsengan a quma, san “kungpu”. pakata “vuli” a ngadan, izua liaw a siqivuan. lja culj a kadjunangan, sinan pazangal a penaday seman racev, sa ka 1937 a caviljan sikatapuluq a qiljasan ita a qadaw, pavalitan ta vulizuangyican(庄役場), “namirazek kata  seljenguwaq a guan” a imi.  
* ka 1937 a caviljan pavalitan ta ljavakan tua kadjunangan, sipapungadan nua ripung ta niamadju a nasicuayan a qinaljan a ngadan a “vulizuang”, tucu izua tauta mamaw a ngadan ca “vuliting”(富里町) i ripun i cyanye(千葉) king, lja aicu “vuli” i kalinku izua zuma a imi “na seljenguwaq a guan” aya.  

=== ka cinting a djiday ===
aza sangasangasan a sinitjawcikel a vecik a sikataqaljan imaza, avan ca dawulung kata makadaw zuku, ka 1845 a caviljan a talju 1895 a caviljan, izua tjuruvuan a pinpu zuku a malivu i maza, izua vecik a pakata likishi i patekuteku:  

* 1845 a cavilj, aza tjelu a qinaljan ki tjelu puluq a paljingan, tu tjelu taiday a caucau i akaw pasateku a dansui(淡水) pana kata (dawulung zuku) puluq sa drusa a a paljingan, tu pitju puluq a caucau i takaw liukuy(六龜) patjavat i dungli.

* 1851 a cavilj, izua mareka makadaw zuku kemasi akaw cesanwandjinzuang(赤山萬金莊) patjavat i dungli.

* 1862 a cavilj, izua tapuluq a paljingan kemasi vuljavuljau patjavat i dungli.

* 1866 a cavilj, izua tu drusaiday a caucau kemasi takawcysan(旗山) patjavat i dungli.

* 1868 a cavilj, aza mareka caucau kemasi akaw djukaycu(九塊厝), patjavat pasa dungli au i sepay, minli, lusan kata vuli a kadjunangan.

* 1875 a cavilj, ti pancinyuan(潘琴元)kata unem puluq a caucau kemasi takaw vungsan(鳳山) patjavat i minli. 

=== ka ripun a djiday ===
ka 1920 a caviljan teveljeng ta tacuang kata kungpu matadrusa a cy(區), au lemindjelj ta dazuangcy patjeljatucu, sipavecik pasa tua kalingukang ting yuli citing sa kanrivi, au namatjasepatj a kadjunangan, dazuang, turenpu(頭人埔), kungpu(公埔) kata dukangpu(堵港埔). ka 1937 a cavilj pavalitan ta vulizuang, sipavecik pasa tua kalingukang ting yuli djin(郡) sa kanrivi, au namatjasepatj a kadjunangan, dali(dazuang), zutien(turenpu), vuli(kungpu) kata djie(dukangpu). kapuamin a maqaqeci, pavalitan ta vuli guan, sipavecik pasa tua kalinguking sa kanrivi.

==paljavak tua kadjunangan==
vuli guan izua wudjiang, dungli, wanning, sinsin, zutien, sebay, minli, vuli, yuvung, vungnan, vunan, shutien, lusan aicu ki puluq sa tjelu a mula kata drusaiday sa unem puluq sa ita talingan. pakata neycengpu a ziriu, mata 2017 a cavilj lukugac, izua sepatj a kuzulj sa puluq sa sepatj a paljingan, 5687 a uqaljaqaljay, 4769 a vavayavayan, ki 10456 a caucau.  lemita ta paljingan a caucau avan nu 2.61. pakata mavalidan 60 a caucau/km². 

izua siva a  qinaljan imaza, cilamitay(吉拉米代), talampo(達蘭埠), monating(姆拉丁), cirakesay(基拉歌賽), pacuya(巴族耶), ancoh(安住), maliwang(馬里旺), lupo(露埔), cihalaay(黑暗).

== caucau ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1981
|ita kudrav sa siva kuzulj sa alu taiday sa drusa puluq sa pitju a caucau (19,827 a caucau)
|—    
|-
|1986
|ita kudrav sa alu kuzulj sa lima taiday sa unem puluq a caucau (18,560 a caucau)
|−6.4%
|-
|1991
|ita kudrav sa unem kuzulj sa drusa a caucau (16,002 a caucau)
|−13.8%
|-
|1996
|ita kudrav sa lima kuzulj sa lima taiday sa siva puluq sa unem a caucau (15,596 a caucau)
|−2.5%
|-
|2001
|ita kudrav sa tjelu kuzulj sa lima taiday sa tapuluq a caucau (13,510 a caucau)
|−13.4%
|-
|2006
|ita kudrav sa drusa kuzulj sa drusa taiday sa alu puluq sa drusa a caucau (12,282 a caucau)
|−9.1%
|-
|2011
|ita kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa tjelu taiday sa alu puluq sa pitju a caucau (11,387 a caucau)
|−7.3%
|-
|2016
|ita kudrav sa lima taiday sa lima puluq sa pitju a caucau (10,557 a caucau)
|−7.3%
|}

== guciu ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|guciu
|-
|1 sangasangasan
|林水木
|-
|2-3 sikamasanmusalj kata sikamasan tjelulj 
|呂元清
|-
|4 sikamasan simatjelj
|林水木
|-
|5 sikamasan limalj
|林金貴
|-
|6-7 sikamasan nemelj kata sikamasan pitjulj 
|洪金海
|-
|8-9 sikamasan valulj kata sikamasan sivalj
|鄧民宏
|-
|10-11 sikamasan simuluq kata sikamasan simuluq saka ita
|賴振東
|-
|12-13 sikamasan simuluq saka drusa kata sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu
|蘇孝信
|-
|14-15 sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj kata sikamasan simuluq saka lima
|鄧國祥
|-
|16-17 sikamasan simuluq saka unem kata sikamasan simuluq saka pitju
|黃玲蘭
|-
|18 sikamasan simuluq saka alu
|陳榮聰(tucu)
|}

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|kucung a gaku
|-
|gaku na kucung a vuli
|-
|gaku na kucung a vubey(富北)
|-
|gaku na kucung a dungli(東里)
|-
|kukumin a gaku
|-
|gaku na kukumin a vuli
|-
|gaku na kukumin a wudjiang(吳江)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a dungli
|-
|gaku na kukumin a shutien(學田)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a yungvung(永豐)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a dungzu(東竹)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a minli(明里)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a wanning(萬寧)
|}

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''kisiya a djalan'''
|-
|taiwan kisiya kanriki 
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i taitu
|-
|disiaba i dungli
|-
|disiaba i dungzu
|-
|disiaba i vuli
|-
|'''kunglu'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW9.svg|23px]] masansivalj a djalan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW23.svg|23px]] masansika drusamuluq sa tjelu a djalanan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]] 

kemasi vuli pasa dunghe(東河)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW30.svg|23px]] masansika tjelumuluq a djalanan i taiwan

yucan(玉長) kunglu
|-
|'''basu'''
|-
|basu a kalinku (izua 1120,1130 kata 1137)
|-
|basu a ding dung
|}

== kivangvangan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|小天祥
|siawtiensiang
|-
|公埔遺址
|kungpu sicuayan a kakaizuanan
|-
|秀姑巒溪
|siukuluan a pana (’inamizukuan: siwkolan a tarawadaw)
|-
|東里玉蓮寺
|dungli yulien a biu 
|-
|六十石山金針園區
|liuseshisan a kingtjang a kivanvangan
|-
|東竹義民廟
|dungzu yimin a biu
|-
|玉溫泉
|yu a ungesing
|-
|東里邱家古厝
|dungli ti ciu a sicuayan a umaq 
|-
|東里百年碾米廠
|dungli itaiday a cavilj paday a kuba 
|-
|羅山瀑布
|lusan a ungesing 
|-
|東里鐵馬驛站
|dungli disiaba a kisiya 
|-
|富里溫泉
|vuli a ungesing 
|-
|東里溫泉
|dungli a ungesing
|}

== racev ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|東里御皇米
|dungli yuhuang a paday 
|-
|銀川有機米
|yicuan inia katjedukuan a paday
|-
|富麗米
|vuly a paday
|-
|金針
|kingtjang
|-
|段木香菇
|cuvuq nua riningetjelj a kasiw a ngilengil
|-
|富里咖啡
|vuli kafi
|-
|牛樟芝
|kacangula
|-
|蜜香紅茶
|qudjidjilj salum alju a ucia
|}

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>2jdra2e1f3c509m9ixkh5h3x395inu2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Fuxing</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>31</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12230</id>
      <parentid>12160</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T13:51:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* remayurangan */-sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12230</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8326" sha1="a8ydvjhobfk970zyrbjsf3ugt5dxdz7" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''pyasan (fuxing)''' 
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Xikou Terrace.jpg|thumb|center|gadu a kapan imaza i Pyasan]] 
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Fuxing district.png|thumb|center|Pyasan (Fuxing)]] 
|-
|kuni
|[[Taiwan|taiwan]]
|-
|tjaljatekuan a gimeng
|taoyuan (taoyuan city)
|-
|san kilalaing ta lizuk a caucau
|游正英
|-
|kadjunangan
|350.7775 km2
|-
|caucau
|12,354
|-
|}

Fuxing (復興區)

Fuxing gu izua i Taoyuan. ala kadjunangan mapuljat 336.75&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang 195.32&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule kadjunangan 120.65&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 10,692 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 3,655 a daceneqlan, Tayal (64%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

==kadjunangan==
kaizuazuan na tayal a kadjunangan imaza kasicuayan. kasiayaya tamaza a pyasan. ljakua pinaljavakanga na sihu a fuxing gu na taoyuan tucu. aicu a fuxing gu a pasakacedas kata navalj ta minnao (siayaya ta datong gu na yilan king tucu a kakaian na tayal); pasakacedas kata kaviri ta sam-kiap-khu (siayaya ta sanxia gu na niu taihuku tucu a pinairangan); pasaviri ta takoham (siayaya ta daxi gu tucu a kakaian na kulon); pasakaledep ta [[Jianshi|nahuy]] (siayaya ta jianshi gu tucu a kakaian na tayal) kata guanxi na hsinchu king.

===ngusing===
izua lima a papavanavan na ngusing imaza. na pinaljavakan na dripung a kadjunangan imaza, kinikimananga niamadju aicu a ngusing a seling (四稜), ngusing a sinsing (新興), ngusing a kaui (高義), ngusing a palingciaw (巴陵橋), kata ngusing a ulay (小烏來).

==cinalivatan==
kasicuayan na tayal a pinapungadan ta gadu a pyasan aicu a ngadan na ta sinankalalaingan se qinaljan na tayal imaza. tjaivililj a macai ti pyasan se tayal ayata kiniqecevan nimadju ka djemaljun a saviki a seciuku a semamaza ka qadjav a 1890 a caviljan. mavan pinapungadan aicu a pyasan a kinapaqenetjan tjaimadju kataza tjaucikel na kadjunangan imaza.

ka pinaljavak na dripung a qinaljan imaza ka pinapungadan na sihu na dripung a kapansan aya. kapansan aicu a matu tjaisangas a siayaya na pairang tamza a kha-pán-san.

tjaivililj ka qadaw a 31 na qiljas a 10 na kacaviljan a 1954 ka pinaljavakan na sihu se ciuku, pinapungadan imaza niamadju a fuxing.

==caucau==
===sasupuan i tu venecik a patje kaqiljas a 3 na kacavilj a 2021===
penuljat ta 12,352 a caucau izua imaza i fuxing gu.

===mapida a caucau ljemita tua cavilj===
{| class=&quot;toc&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!mapida a caucau na caviljanga&lt;sub&gt; (kemasi ta cavilj a 1981 a patje cavilj a 2020)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.moi.gov.tw/files/site_stuff/321/1/month/m1-10.xls |title=各鄉鎮市區人口數 |publisher=內政統計月報 |format=XLS |date=2020-02-10 }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|&lt;div style=&quot;background:#FCFCFC; border:solid 1px&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;NavHead&quot; style=&quot;background:transparent; text-align:center&quot;&gt;'''sinisasupuan'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;NavContent&quot; style=&quot;background:#FFD9EC&quot;&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; font-size:90%&quot;
!cavilj
!cavilj a 1981
!cavilj a 1982
!cavilj a 1983
!cavilj a 1984
!cavilj a 1985
!cavilj a 1986
!cavilj a 1987
!cavilj a 1988
!cavilj a 1989
!cavilj a 1990
|-
!caucau
|12,230
|12,108
|11,982
|11,808
|11,684
|11,518
|11,352
|11,250
|11,281
|11,267
|-
!cavilj
!cavilj a 1991
!cavilj a 1992
!cavilj a 1993
!cavilj a 1994
!cavilj a 1995
!cavilj a 1996
!cavilj a 1997
!cavilj a 1998
!cavilj a 1999
!cavilj a 2000
|-
!caucau
|11,540
|11,550
|11,641
|11,691
|11,844
|11,691
|11,831
|11,864
|11,590
|11,359
|-
!cavilj
!cavilj a 2001
!cavilj a 2002
!cavilj a 2003
!cavilj a 2004
!cavilj a 2005
!cavilj a 2006
!cavilj a 2007
!cavilj a 2008
!cavilj a 2009
!cavilj a 2010
|-
!caucau
|11,403
|11,386
|11,275
|11,011
|10,893
|10,835
|10,619
|'''10,454'''
|10,611
|10,670
|-
!cavilj
!cavilj a 2011
!cavilj a 2012
!cavilj a 2013
!cavilj a 2014
!cavilj a 2015
!cavilj a 2016
!cavilj a 2017
!cavilj a 2018
!cavilj a 2019
!cavilj a 2020
|-
!caucau
|10,684
|10,626
|10,625
|10,913
|10,930
|11,192
|11,505
|12,026
|12,176
|'''12,354'''
|-
|}&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|}

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 10 qinaljan i Fuxing. matja 58 qinaljan imaza, Pyasan (比雅山 (角板山) 部落), Rahaw (Takan) (溪口台部落), Wsilung (詩朗部落), Hbun (霞雲坪部落), Hbun-sinqumi (合流部落), Kinyawpan (羅浮部落), Rangay (斷匯部落), Kawbu’ (高坡部落), Khpan (大彎部落), Raga’ (楓香部落), Rahu’ (下宇內 (小烏來)部落), Qapu’ (卡普部落), Qus (和平部落), Yubang (上宇內部落), Triqan (大利幹部落), Zihing (義興部落), Kayu-baliq (新村部落), Kzyay (水流東部落), Tuba (大窩部落), Luhung (基國派部落), Blhuy (枕頭山1部落), Blhuy (枕頭山2部落), Bilus (石門部落), Qoyaw (下高遶部落), Qoyaw (中高遶部落), Silong (喜龍部落), Qoyaw (上高遶部落), Snazi (竹頭角部落), Kin‘lwan (金暖部落), Sqiy (志繼部落), Cyasi (佳志部落), Yuwhbun raka (優霞雲部落), Kayway (卡外部落), Qus (庫志部落), Qmocyan (下奎輝部落), Babau (中奎輝部落), Qnau (上奎輝部落), Ksunu' (嘎色鬧部落), Qehuy (內奎輝部落), Kuli (上高義部落), Sbunaw (雪霧鬧部落), Quri (下高義部落), Uruw (中高義部落), Tkasan (下蘇樂部落), Raka (上蘇樂部落), Piyaway (比亞外部落), Tgleq (鐵立庫部落), Saruc (砂崙子部落), Twan nokan (武道能敢部落), Zihing (爺亨部落), Qrahu (嘎拉賀部落), Tqwiy (哈嘎灣部落), Ngurus (後光華部落), Qphay (下巴陵部落), Balung (中巴陵部落), ‘Bu balung (上巴陵部落), Qara (卡拉部落), Quzi (中心部落).

===pinaljavakan===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|+
|-
!qinaljan&lt;br /&gt; (li) !! kadjunangan&lt;br /&gt;km2 !! ling !! paljingan !! caucau&lt;br /&gt;qiljas a alu na cavilj a 2020
|-
|kyakopay&lt;br /&gt; (sanming li)|| 9.16 || 19 || 838 || 2486 
|-
|pyasan&lt;br /&gt; (zelen li)|| 12.30
|| 20 || 569 || 1710 
|-
|yo-habun&lt;br /&gt; (siayun li)|| 18.45
|| 11 || 243 || 731 
|-
|ulai&lt;br /&gt; (iseng li)|| 46.95
|| 11 || 255 || 937 
|- 
|lahao&lt;br /&gt; (lefu li)|| 17.03
|| 8 || 423 || 1255 
|-
|keihui&lt;br /&gt; (kuihuy li)|| 12.80
|| 9 || 246 || 980 
|-
|kara&lt;br /&gt; (cangsing li)|| 25.50
|| 12 || 241 || 806 
|-
|kauilan&lt;br /&gt; (kaui li)|| 81.77
|| 12 || 271 || 965 
|-
|gogan&lt;br /&gt; (sankang li)|| 20.00
|| 9 || 243 || 902 
|-
|balong&lt;br /&gt; (hualing li)|| 106.82
|| 14 || 543 || 1536 
|-
|align=&quot;center&quot;| '''penuljat'''&lt;br&gt;ta fuxing gu || 350.78 || 125 || 3872 || 12308
|-
|}

==tatuluan==
izua tapuluq saka ita a gakku a kedrikedri imaza.

==iyubingkiuku (yuzeng)==

===sasupuan na iyubingkiuku===
336 a sasupuan na iyubingkiku a se fuxing gu.

==remayurangan==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Fushing Township luo-fu bridge,TAIWAN.jpg|tjekeza a rufu
Jiaobanshan resort-3 ,TAIWAN.jpg|puzaljuman azua i 行館 na gadu a payan
Xikou Terrace.jpg|pinapacunan i 溪口
Jiguopai Old Church.jpg|kiukay na 基國派
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==sipacacikeljan==
===palidring a djalan===
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW7.svg|省道|23px]] sikamasanpitjulj a palidring a djalan na taiwan (djalan a pasaviri itua taiwan)
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW118.svg|省道|23px]] sikamasan 118 a palidirng a djalan na taoyuan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWty116.svg|省道|23px]] sikamasan 116 a palidirng a djalan na taoyuan

===basu===
*basu na taoyuan
**sikamasan 5090 (kemasi ta taoyuan a pasa 上巴陵 a patje 林班口)
**sikamasan 5091 (kemasi ta 中壢 a pasa 上巴陵 a patje 林班口)
**sikamasan 5093 (kemasi ta 大溪 a patje 巴陵)
**sikamasan 5094 (kemasi ta 大溪 a pasa 三光 a patje 巴陵)
**sikamasan 5104 (kemasi ta 大溪 a patje 復興)
**sikamasan 5104A (kemasi ta 大溪 a pasa 復興 a patje 小烏來)
**sikamasan 5105 (kemasi ta 大溪 a patje 小烏來)
**sikamasan 5106 (kemasi ta 大溪 a patje 霞雲里)
**sikamasan 5109 (kemasi ta 大溪 a pasa 高遶 a patje 李屋)

*basu na chungli
**sikamasan 5301 (kemasi ta taoyuan a pasa 上巴陵 a patje林班口)

*basu na kigaljuan i taiwan (台灣好行)
**sikamasan 502 (kemasi ta tjaivililj a ljaljevavavan na taoyuan a patje 小烏來)

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>a8ydvjhobfk970zyrbjsf3ugt5dxdz7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Guangfu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>32</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12221</id>
      <parentid>9607</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T13:43:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* remayurangan */-sineqetj a vecik</comment>
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      <text bytes="3959" sha1="2t8x4t8dpmekbzil0usj77p9ppisy63" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''fata'an''' &lt;/br&gt;(guangfu gu)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Start Point of Highway 11A 省道11甲起点 - panoramio.jpg|thumb|center|fata'an(guangfu gu)]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Guangfu HL.svg|thumb|center|fata'an(guangfu gu)]] 
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|tjaljatekuan a gimeng
|hualien king (hualien county)
|-
|sinankilalaingan ta caucau naicu a fata'an tucu
|林清水
|-
|kadjunangan
|157.1100 km2
|-
|caucau
|12,369
|-
|}


Guangfu (光復鄉)

Guangfu gu icuwa i Hualien. ala atjunangn mapuljat 131.63&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang 28.44&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 5.67&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 10,741 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 3,865 a daceneqlan, Amis (65%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

siayaya na sihu se ciuku taicu a fata'an a guangfu gu tucu. aicu a guangfu gu imaza i kalinku na taiwan i vecekadan a pasakacedas a kinaizuanan. a tjaikacedas a pasanavalj izua [[Fengbin|fakong (fengbin gu)]]; a tjaiviri izua marlimu (fenglin); a tjainavalj izua kohkoh (ruisui gu); a tjaikaledep izua malibasi (wanrung gu).

lialiavanan tucu izua sinantapavan a patjara aicu a kapapupaysu na alju cuaicuayanga. matu remayurangan izua sinantapavan na kalinku ta semanalju kata punemangan na fata'an imaza.

==kadjunangan==
namasan vecekad imaza a kazatjan taicu a gadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan kata sawaliyan a lutuk (gadugaduan i pasakacedas ta taiwan). cadjacadja aicu a kazatjan a kemasi ta kalinku a patje valangaw. pasakacedas ta sawaliyan a lutuk; pasakaledep ta gadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan. pasamaza aicu a tjelu a veljeluan. izua veljeluan na fata'an, veljeluan na kalinku, kata veljeluan na kararan (guangfu).

==kasicuayan==
kinaizuazuan imaza i guangfu gu naicu a tjelu a qinaljan, izua fata'an, afalong (tafalong), kata 大和 na sinipaljavakan na sihu se dripung. pinapungadan na sihu se dripung ta fata'an a 上大和 (tjaiviri ta 大和) ayataza qinaljan a pasaviri ta qinaljan na 大和. saka pinapungadan nimadju ta afalong a 富田.

na vaik a caucau imaza a pasemalaw ta sihu i tua sasipapungadan ta guangfu gu a kinangadan a fata'an ayain kacavilj a 2014.

==caucau==

==paljavak tua kadjunangan==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Guangfu villages2.svg|300px|thumb|光復鄉行政區劃]]
matja 14 qinaljan i Guangfu. matja 9 qinaljan imaza, Tafalong (太巴塱部落), Fata’an (馬太鞍部落), Laso‘ay (拉索艾部落), Alolong (阿囉隆部落), Sado (砂荖部落), Kalotong (加里洞部落), O kakay (烏卡蓋部落), Atomo (阿陶模部落), Fahol (馬佛部落), ().

===pinaljavakan izua tapuluq saka sepatj a cun===
*izua unem a cun i fata’an: 大安村, 大同村, 大平村, 大馬村, 大進村, 大華村.
*izua sepatj a cun i afalong: 東富村, 西富村, 南富村, 北富村
*izua sepatj a cun i 大和: 大全村, 大富村, 大豐村, 大興村.

==papupaysu==

===tataleman===

===kakiciqavan===

==tatuluan==
izua lima a gakku a kedrikedri.

==biuing==

==iyubingkiuku (yuzeng)==

===sasupuan na iyubingkiuku===
976 a sasupuan na iyubingkiku se guangfu.

==remayurangan==
&lt;gallery&gt;
花蓮糖廠.jpg|
Taiwan 2009 GuangFu Sugar Factory Historical Train Exhibition RD 6173.jpg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==sipacacikeljan==

===palidring a djalan===
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW9.svg|23px|省道]] sikamasansivalj a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW11a.svg|23px|省道]] sikamasansimuluq saka ita-A a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW193.svg|23px|縣道]] sikamasan 193 na kalinku

===kisiya djalan===
*ljaljevavavan na guangfu
*ljaljevavavan na dafu

===basu===
*basu na sutu
*basu na taroko

==djamay==

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>2t8x4t8dpmekbzil0usj77p9ppisy63</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Guanshan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>33</id>
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      <id>11570</id>
      <parentid>11265</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-11-28T18:35:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Szcl</username>
        <id>998</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11570</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11509" sha1="6vwmqlqba1luvrzvk1m7c6gsubxlk8q" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''guansan''' &lt;br&gt;(關山鎮)&lt;/br&gt;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Guanshan Town.svg|thumb|center|guansan imaza]]
|-
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|taitu king
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|lilung(里壟)
|-
|sepaljavak
|pitju a mula, itaiday sa tjelu puluq sa lima a talingan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
| 
-戴文達(pacun ta kamakama na guansan) 

-naseguansan a gukusiu

-daihiyukay na guansan 

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan 
|58.7351 km²
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|drusaiday sa alu puluq a maru vavavan tadjekuacan (280m) 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na cawcau


-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-alu a kuzulj sa tjelu taiday sa unem puluq sa siva a caucau (8,369)

(2021 a cavilj kata tjelu qiljas)

-masanlimalj (5)

-tjelu a kuzulj drusaiday sa drusa puluq a paljingan (3,220)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|956
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10014030
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|cesan, haydan, luye, dunghe 
|}

guansan cen（binununan：Kinalaungan；nginaingayngan：guanˊ sanˊ ziinˋ；pinairangan：Koan-san-tìn）,izua sicuayan a ngadan lilung(里壟),imaza i pasaviri a taituking, izua tu alu kuzulj a caucau, avan nu tjaljakedrian ta cen kata neka paselaw ta ita kudraw a caucau nua i [[Taiwan|taiwan]].

pakata ljaqedi ta zuma qinaljan. pasamaza ledepan kicencen ta haydan, a i viri kicaing tua i cesan, a i tjaikacedas mavan a dunghe, a i navalj kicaing tua i luye. pazumamaw za imaza i pasanavalj a kalingu kata valangaw sevesevec a lizulizuk, izua binan pana cemalivat, itua i vecekadan gadugaduan kata a ljavyljaving a mareka gadugaduan a dideq, a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledev. a iciningkan a sikudjaljan 200mm, a ljemita qadaw nicu kimaya 23.7 ℃ a sezaman.

== cinalivatan ==
ka cinting a djiday, pinpu zuku guci guci goo guci guci a la la(avan za dawulung zuku) naljitalatj a sema guansan a qemumang. au aza amizuku namatevelj kata lenindjelj ta qinaljan imaza tauta. aza pairang ka uri puaming nanga cinting kuangshu(光緒) a djiday patagilj a semamaza qemuma. ka ripun a djiday, aza haka zuku kemavacuk tua i pasakacedasan vunglin a kadjunangan, au zuma malje zuma caucau na sepulingetj i guansan kata pasakacedas a kadjunangan.     

guansan cen kasicuayan a aza kuming sihu guan guan ta lemindjelj la au zuma caucau bien rico jaja ngadan lilung (pinairangan：Lí-lāng), kemasi ’inamizukuan patagilj, a siaya liaw qudjidjilj a qatjuvitjuvi a imi. ka 1920 a cavilj, linindjelj ta lilung ciyican(區役場), au semandjalan pakata kisac uri na pazangal a sisazuan nua kacalisian, ulja i teku ta daguan(大關) gadu, avanzua pavalitan ta ngadan ti “guansan” aya. ka 1946 a cavilj, aza kuming sihu lemindjelj ta guansan guan, au pavalitan ta lilung cen, ka 1954 a cavilj, mumaljeng a pavalitan ta guansan cen. 

== kamakama ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|kamakama
|izuanan malji pakeljang
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |pitjaysangas a 1951 a cavalj
|-
|1 sangasangasan
|黃拓榮
|sihu a mingnlin
|-
|2 sikamasanmusalj
|徐監
|daihiu a na sinkiw
|-
|3 sikamasan tjelulj
|吳光亮
|daihiu a na sinkiw
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |pitjayvililj a 1951 a cavalj
|-
|1 sangasangasan
|卓勝順
|pakata sinkiw
|-
|2-3 sikamasanmusalj kata sikamasan tjelulj
|徐榮乾
|
|-
|4 sikamasan simatjelj
|曾玉崙
|
|-
|5-6 sikamasan limalj kata sikamasan nemel
|詹進興
|
|-
|7-8 sikamasan pitjulj kata sikamasan valulj
|王國輝
|
|-
|9-10 sikamasan sivalj kata sikamasan simuluq 
|彭盛煥
|
|-
|11 sikamasan simuluq saka ita
|王寵懿
|
|-
|12-13 sikamasan simuluq saka drusa kata sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu
|許瑞貴
|
|-
|14 sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj
|王寵懿
|
|-
|15-16 sikamasan simuluq saka lima kata sikamasan simuluq saka unem
|黃瑞華
|
|-
|17-18 sikamasan simuluq saka pitju kata sikamasan simuluq saka alu
|戴文達
|tucu
|}

== paljavak tua kadjunangan ==
izua pitju a ri kata itaiday sa tjelu puluq sa lima a rin i guansan cen. 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|li
|lin
|qinaljan
|-
|德高dekaw
|33
|北庄beizuang, 日新resin, 東明dungmin, 西庄sizuang, 頂庄dinzuang, 東庄dungzuang, 永豐yunvung
|-
|新福

sinvu
|14
|溪埔sipu, 新福sinvu
|-
|豐泉

vungcyan
|12
|昌林canglin, 長興cansin
|-
|中福

cungvu
|19
|里壠lilung
|-
|里壠

lilung
|33
|里壠lilung, 崁頂candin, 隆興lungsin
|-
|月眉

yemei
|7
|月眉yemei, 中和zunghe, 盛豐senvung
|-
|電光

dienkuang
|17
|嘉武tjawu, 東興tungsin, 中興zungsin, 上雷公火sanrikunghu, 南興nansin
|}

==== pakata kadjunangan ====
izua binan pana pakamaza seqaljudj, aicu i kacedasan kata viri a ljavek a gadugaduan kata a gadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan, aza masan tjakedri a kadjunangan avan za taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk. imaza a kadjunangan mamaw ta cesan kata luye guan a maruqalu a kinadjunangan, lja mavatj aicu a kadjunangan au maqati a mirazek ta nguiu. ljakua za i guansan tjateku a kinamamamavan tua vavavan nua gadu tua i cesan. saka tja saljeneng tauta.   

==== guansan a sikac ====
aicu “sinivarung pakata pasakacedas a kadjunangan”, guansan sinan vecekadan ca  guansan a sikace. a na mabugay paljeqaca ma guansan, cesan kata haydan aicu tjelu a qinaljan, tucu aza sincen kikang avan za i guansan a sinan vecekadan, a ikiw kadjunangan izuanan luye kata yenpin aicu drusa a guan. aza guansan hasisiw, guansan sapuycy, guansan a kivecikan ta kukumibu, izuanan guansan cecy(慈濟) biuing, saka tjalja nangawaqan tjakaizuanan pakata kakipucemelan. 

==== pakata kinapangaljan a paljavak a rikishi ====
ka 1915 a cavilj lilung patagilj avan nu vecekadan nua guansan sincen a kadjunangan , seman ta ljingas pakata kisac uri na pazangal a sisazuan nua kacalisian, au linindjelj ta “lilung citing”. ka 1920 a cavilj lilung citing tinevelj i taituciting. ka 1923 a cavilj, linindjelj mumalj ta citing, masan kanri a luye, lilung kata sinkaiyan aicu tjelu a kadjunangan, ka 1937 a cavilj, lilung citing pavalitan ta guansandjin, lilungzuang pavalitan ta guansanzuang, aicu guansanzuang izua tucu i cesan, guansan, haydan, luye kata yenpin a lima a sincen a kadjunangan, saka guansan avan nu vececadan a lima sincen sikace a hici.    

kapuaming ta maqaqeci i 1946 a cavilj ita qiljas drusa puluq sa lima a qadaw, avan nu taituking guansan ci guansan guan, au izua tjelu a qinaljan sipavecik paguansan guan, guansan, cesan kata luye guan. mamaw a cavilj tu sepatj qiljas, aza sikan cen pavalitan ta lilung cen, aicu guansan ci a kinanri mapazulju tu drusa a qinaljan, penuljat ita cen kata sepatj a qinaljan.

ka 1947 a cavilj sualapen ta guansan cisu(區署), ka 1949 a cavilj linindjelj ta dungvungcy(東峰區), aicu cisu a umaq i lilung cen avan nu sicuayan a kakaizuanan a guansan cisu. za kanriven italatj izua a haydan, djisan, yenpin, daren kata lanyu aicu lima a qinaljan. lilung mumalj masan ta vecekadan nua mareka kadjunangan pakata kinapangaljan a paljavak. ka 1951 a cavilj, sualapen ta dungvungcy, aza sincen a manguwqen amin i lilung cen italadj. ka 1949 a cavilj lilung cen pavalitan a ngadan ta guansan cen patjelja tucu.  

lilung imaza tjalja mirazek ka ripun a djiday, lja imaza avan nu vecekadan nua sincen kata hasisiw, aza kinsac, kumuing kata tacekeljan niamadju sinan pazangal mirazek ta siubay, bunka kata kakituluwan, saka lilung masan ta sikace i pasanavalj a kalingu kata valangaw sevesevec a lizulizuk. pakata nasidjaravacan, izua disiaba a kisiya kata disiaba a basu, namasan pazangal aravac a kadjunangan sema i kacalisian a qinaljan. pakata sengesengan, ka ripun a djiday, izua seman alju, seman hutaring, kafi kata qadupu a sengesengan, kapuaming ta maqaqeci, izua qemuma, kasiw, qadupu kata kusui a sengesengan. saka tjaljiazua ta caucau patjavat semamaza. aicu guansan hici i vecekadan nua yili kata valangaw a dideq. saka a tjeketjek na masansika drusamuluq a djalanan i taiwan, kata cenkung dideq izua ljavek a gadugaduan a qecen, saka maqati kitjuaya pakata kadjunangan nimadju.  

== caucau ==
pakata caucau i guansan cen, ka 1968 a cavilj tjatjuruvuan, au nutjaivililj mekedri, amin ka 1975, 1981, 1982, 1990 kata 1993 aicu lima a cavilj na mapazulju, a tjeza anga sepatj puluq sa pitju a cavilj mekedrikedri sakamaya, ka 2007 a cavilj tapuluq qiljas patagilj a mekedri mata ita kudraw teku a caucau.      
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj 
|caucau
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1946
|lima kuzulj sa itaiday sa unem puluq sa alu a caucau (5,168 a caucau)
|—    
|-
|1951
|unem kuzulj sa drusaiday sa siva puluq sa ita a caucau (6,291 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+21.7%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1956
|ita kudrav sa sepatj puluq sa tjelu a caucau (10,043 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+59.6%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1961
|ita kudrav sa tjelu kuzulj sa itaiday sa tjelu puluq sa ita a caucau (13,131a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+30.7%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1966
|ita kudrav sa lima kuzulj sa unem taiday sa alu puluq sa siva a caucau (15,689 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+19.5%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1971
|ita kudrav sa lima kuzulj sa sepatj taiday sa unem a caucau (15,406 a caucau)
|−1.8%
|-
|1976
|ita kudrav sa sepatj kuzulj sa siva taiday sa puluq sa unem a caucau (14,916 a caucau)
|−3.2%
|-
|1981
|ita kudrav sa tjelu kuzulj sa unem taiday sa tjelu puluq sa unem a caucau (13,636 a caucau)
|−8.6%
|-
|1986
|ita kudrav sa drusa kuzulj sa alu taiday sa tjelu puluq sa sepatj a caucau (12,834 a caucau)
|−5.9%
|-
|1991
|ita kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa siva taiday sa sepatj puluq sa pitju a caucau (11,947 a caucau)
|−6.9%
|-
|1996
|ita kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa pitju taiday sa drusa puluq sa lima a caucau (11,725 a caucau)
|−1.9%
|-
|2001
|ita kudrav sa siva taiday sa unem puluq sa drusa a caucau (10,962 a caucau)
|−6.5%
|-
|2006
|ita kudrav sa siva puluq sa lima a caucau (10,095 a caucau)
|−7.9%
|-
|2011
|siva kuzulj sa lima taiday sa lime puluq sa siva a caucau (9,559 a caucau)
|−5.3%
|-
|2016
|alu kuzulj sa alu taiday sa puluq sa ita a caucau (8,811 a caucau)
|−7.8%
|}

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''kisiya a djalan'''
|-
|taiwan kisiya kanriki 
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i taitu
|-
|disiaba i haydan
|-
|disiaba i guansan
|-
|'''kunglu'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW9.svg|23px]] masansivalj a djalan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW20.svg|23px]] masansika drusamuluq a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|'''vinaciqan ta djalan'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW197.svg|23px]] itaiday siva puluq sa pitju a vinaciqan   
|}

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|kaucung a gaku
|-
|na sihu guansan tatuluan ta pakada kuba kata pavelid a sengsengan a gaku
|-
|gaku na kutjung
|-
|gaku na kutjung a guansan
|-
|gaku na kukumin
|-
|gaku na kukumin a guansan
|-
|gaku na kukumin a dienkuang(電光)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a yemei(月眉)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a dekaw(得高)
|-
|puvadanqan
|-
|puvadanqan i guansan
|}

== kivangvangan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|天后宮
|tienhu biu
|-
|關山親水公園
|kakivanvangan i guansan
|-
|關山環鎮自行車道
|kiliusan na zidingsia i guansan a djalanan 
|-
|關山中華大戲院
|guansan zunghua 
|}

== racev ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|小米
|[[vaqu]]
|-
|愛玉子
|[[ugiw ]]
|-
|稻米
|[[paday]]
|}

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>6vwmqlqba1luvrzvk1m7c6gsubxlk8q</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Guanxi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>34</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12229</id>
      <parentid>10868</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T13:51:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* remayurangan */-sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12229</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9823" sha1="1mb19z7hfj7p40xnrs821x06jhsszcb" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''guanxi a lizuk'''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:KuanhsiOldStreet.jpg|thumb|center|guanxi gu]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Guansi Township.PNG|thumb|center|inuan i guanxi gu]]
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|na tjaivavav a pangaljan nua kaizuanan
|[[hsinchu king]] (hsinchu county)
|-
|kisanlalaing ta pangaljan nua kaizuanan
|劉德樑
|-
|sasupuan tua pasalavaan na kadjunangan
|125.5193 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|-
|sasupuan tua caucau
|ma 27,708 a caucau (kaqiljas a 2 na kacavilj a 2021)
|-
|}

Guanxi（關西鎮）

Guanxi gu icuwa i Hsinchu. ala atjunangn mapuljat 125.2&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang 3.89&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 2.37&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 468 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 177 a daceneqlan, Tayal (57%) a maqcuwa caucau.
paiwan a maqcuwa caucau.

== paljavak tua atjunang ==
matja 21 qinaljan i Guanxi. matja 2 qinaljan imaza, Qalang m’utu（馬武督部落）, Qalang q’yulang（戈尤浪部落）.

== cinalivatan ==
nia tayal a kasicuayan a kaizuanan i gadu a tjaikacedas.

== kadjunangan ==
pasakacadas a viri a guanxi ta lizuk a sincu imaza i sincu king. aicu a kinateveljan a veljeluan a fongsan (鳳山) kata pana a liulan (牛欄). pasanavalj ta nahuy (jianzhi gu) kata vangsan (hengshan gu). pasakaledep a navalj ta giunglim (qionglin gu). pasakaledep a viri ta sinbu (xinpu). tjaiviri a mavan longtan gu na taoyuan. i kacedas a fuxing gu kata takoham (daxi gu) na taoyuan. tjaqaca a lizuk imaza nu cemadja ta sincu.

== caucau ==
tjatjuruvu a ngaingai a caucau imaza. se ngaingai aicu a 90% a qadjav na caucau imaza. aicu a si-yen kata hoi-liuk a drusa a kakaian na nginaingaian imaza.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center&quot;
|-
! li !! kadjunangan&lt;br /&gt;(km²) !! ling !! paljingan !! caucau&lt;ref name=&quot;人口統計&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20171209193951/http://w3.hsinchu.gov.tw/house/guansi/statistics/ 《110年1月 關西鎮 人口統計報表》，新竹縣戶政服務網]&lt;/ref&gt; !! qinaljan&lt;ref name=&quot;地圖&quot;&gt;《關西鎮志》，新竹縣關西鎮公所，2018年12月，地理篇&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| 上林里 || 7.6356 || 15 || 324 || 902 || 上橫坑、坪林
|-
| 大同里 || 4.4394 || 13 || 283 || 871 || 水坑、茅子埔
|-
| 仁安里 || 6.2451 || 10 || 395 ||1,117 || 拱子溝、牛欄河
|-
| 北山里 || 4.1023 || 13 || 255 ||854 || 店子岡、崁下、高橋坑、深坑
|-
| 北斗里 || 1.6035 || 13 ||1,456 ||4,286 ||北門口
|-
| 玉山里 || 10.6325 || 17 || 180 || 493 || 赤柯山、白石下
|-
| 石光里 || 3.4049 || 14 || 589 ||2,004 || 石岡子
|-
| 西安里 || 0.2622 || 12 || 772 ||2,224 || 老街
|-
| 東山里 || 11.5735 || 15 || 326 ||913 || 湖肚、十寮
|-
| 東平里 || 11.2428 || 18 || 372 ||1,009 || 大旱坑、大東坑、老庚寮
|-
| 東光里 || 4.3461 || 13 || 475 ||1,433 || 湳湖、十六張
|-
| 東安里 || 5.3978 || 15 || 1,471 ||4,402 || 三屯、糞箕窩
|-
| 東興里 || 0.0615 || 12 || 177 ||555 || 石店子
|-
| 金山里 || 7.8221 || 19 || 222 ||593 || 新馬武督、樹橋窩、阿化窩
|-
| 南山里 || 3.4352 || 12 || 342 ||1,206 || 上南片、渡船頭、南門崁下
|-
| 南和里 || 3.5790 || 10 || 264 ||924 || 下南片
|-
| 南雄里 || 0.0729 || 12 || 278 ||779 || 新街、石店尾
|-
| 南新里 || 10.4666 || 17 || 329 ||948 || 燥坑、-{苧}-子園、新城、蛙子窟
|-
| 新力里 || 7.2974 || 12 || 213 || 580|| 下橫坑
|-
| 新富里 || 3.6980  || 13 || 211 || 601 || 石門、老社寮
|-
| 錦山里 || 17.8818  || 22 || 413 || 1,050 || 錦山、舊馬武督、六曲窩、而完窩、石牛坑
|-
| '''guanxi gu''' || '''125.5193'''|| '''297''' || '''9,347''' || '''27,744''' ||
|}

===sasupuan nua caucau ljemita tua caviljan i guanxi gu===
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; font-size:90%&quot;
!kacaviljan
!1981
!1982
!1983
!1984
!1985
!1986
!1987
!1988
!1989
!1990
|-
!caucau
|'''37,296'''
|36,691
|36,107
|35,439
|35,207
|34,502
|33,884
|33,421
|33,226
|33,121
|-
!kacaviljan
!1991
!1992
!1993
!1994
!1995
!1996
!1997
!1998
!1999
!2000
|-
!caucau
|33,227
|33,235
|33,148
|33,055
|32,813
|32,706
|32,357
|32,387
|32,299
|32,460
|-
!kacaviljan
!2001
!2002
!2003
!2004
!2005
!2006
!2007
!2008
!2009
!2010
|-
!caucau
|32,704
|32,849
|32,887
|32,759
|32,896
|32,713
|32,673
|32,451
|32,431
|31,775
|-
!kacaviljan
!2011
!2012
!2013
!2014
!2015
!2016
!2017
!2018
!2019
!2020
|-
!caucau
|31,553
|31,239
|30,919
|30,751
|29,936
|29,408
|28,896
|28,537
|28,055
|'''27,775'''
|-
|}

== sihu ==
=== kamakama na sihu imaza ===

{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!width=50|sazazatj!!width=100|tima|!!zikan na papaljavakan|!!zazuman
|-style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|kemasi ta sangasangasan patje sikamasantjelulj
|[[徐家旺]]
|kamasi ta qadaw a 1 na qiljas a 5 na cavilj a 1951 a patje qadaw a 15 na qiljas a 1 na cavilj a 1960
|
|-style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|sikamasansimatjelj
|[[陳興盛]]
|kamasi ta qadaw a 16 na qiljas a 1 na cavilj a 1960 a patje qadaw a 18 na qiljas a 2 na cavilj a 1964
|1953年興建的宅邸現為一銀麵承租
|-style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|sikamasanlimalj
|[[陳興邦]]
|kamasi ta qadaw a 1 na qiljas a 3 na cavilj a 1964 a patje qadaw a 28 na qiljas a 2 na cavilj a 1968
|
|-style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|sikamasanemelj
|[[劉錦傳]]
|kamasi ta qadaw a 1 na qiljas a 3 na cavilj a 1968 a patje qadaw a 28 na qiljas a 2 na cavilj a 1973
|
|-style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|sikamasanpitjulj kata sikamasanvalulj
|[[謝元昌]]
|kamasi ta qadaw a 1 na qiljas a 3 na cavilj a 1973 a patje qadaw a 28 na qiljas a 2 na cavilj a 1982
|
|-style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|sikanmasansivalj
|[[陳宜開]]
|kamasi ta qadaw a 1 na qiljas a 3 na cavilj a 1982 a patje qadaw a 28 na qiljas a 2 na cavilj a 1986
|
|-style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|sikamasansimuluq kata sikamasansimuluq saka ita
|[[羅彭喜美]]
|kamasi ta qadaw a 1 na qiljas a 3 na cavilj a 1986 a patje qadaw a 28 na qiljas a 2 na cavilj a 1994
|
|-style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|sikamasansimuluq saka drusa kata sikamasansimuluq saka tjelu
|[[黃國憲]]
|kamasi ta qadaw a 1 na qiljas a 3 na cavilj a 1994 a patje qadaw a 28 na qiljas a 2 na cavilj a 2002
|
|- style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|sikamasansimuluq saka sepatj kata sikamasansimuluq saka lima
|[[羅吉坤]]
|kamasi ta qadaw a 1 na qiljas a 3 na cavilj a 2002 a patje qadaw a 28 na qiljas a 2 na cavilj a 2010
|
|-style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|sikamasansimuluq saka unem kata sikamasansimuluq saka pitju
|[[吳發仁]]
|kamasi ta qadaw a 1 na qiljas a 3 na cavilj a 2010 a patje qadaw a 28 na qiljas a 2 na cavilj a 2018
|
|-style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|sikamasansimuluq saka alu
|[[劉德樑]]
|kamasi ta qadaw a 25 na qiljas a 12 na cavilj a 2018 a patje qadaw a 24 na qiljas a 12 na cavilj a 2022
|tucu
|}

== papupaysu ==

=== tataleman ===
tinaleman imaza a tjavuvuk se pairang kata paday.

== tatuluan ==
izua siva a kukumin gakku. neka a daigakku imaza.

== kakipucemelan ==

== iyubingkiuku (yuzeng) ==

=== sasupuan na iyubingkiuku ===
306 a sasupuan na iyubingkiku se guanxi.

== remayurangan ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
馬武督瀑布 Mawudu Waterfall - panoramio.jpg|aicu a taljitiv a mawudu i kasikasiw
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== sipacacikeljan ==

=== basu ===
sipacacikel izua liav a basu a patje zuma a lizuk i hsingcu king kata taipak.

==== basu a kokeng ====
*sika 1820 a basu: kemasi ta cutong a patje taipak
*sika 1820A a basu: kemasi ta cutong a patje taipak (paka gukusiu na guanxi)
*sika 1821 a basu: kemasi ta cutong a patje taipak

==== basu i lizuk ====
*basu na hsincu
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:green;&quot;&gt;'''sika 5617'''&lt;/span&gt; kemasi ta guanxi a paka 龍潭 kata 山子頂 a patje 中壢
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:green;&quot;&gt;'''sika 5617A'''&lt;/span&gt; kemasi ta guanxi a paka - 關西高中 - 龍潭 - 山子頂 a patje 中壢
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:green;&quot;&gt;'''sika 5619'''&lt;/span&gt; kemasi ta hsincu a paka 竹北口 - 犁頭山 - 新埔 a patje 關西
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:green;&quot;&gt;'''sika 5619B'''&lt;/span&gt; kemasi ta hsincu a paka 竹北口 - 犁頭山 - 新埔 - 關西營區 a patje 關西（僅周六及周日行駛）
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:green;&quot;&gt;'''sika 5620'''&lt;/span&gt; kemasi ta hsincu a paka 竹北口 - 犁頭山 - 新埔 - 關西 - 龍潭 - 山子頂 a patje 中壢
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:green;&quot;&gt;'''sika 5634'''&lt;/span&gt; kemasi ta cutong a paka 下公館 - 橫山 - 九讚頭 - 十分寮 - 關西 - 龍潭 - 山子頂 a patje 中壢
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:green;&quot;&gt;'''sika 5636'''&lt;/span&gt; kemasi ta guanxi a paka 坪林 kata daigakku a tahua saka patje 芎林
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:green;&quot;&gt;'''sika 5637'''&lt;/span&gt; kemasi ta guanxi a paka 錦山 a patje 六曲窩
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:green;&quot;&gt;'''sika 5638'''&lt;/span&gt; kemasi ta guanxi a paka 錦山 a patje 金鳥樂園
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:green;&quot;&gt;'''sika 5639'''&lt;/span&gt; kemasi ta guanxi a paka 東光 a patje 玉山
* inika paka kapubasuan na hsincu
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:green;&quot;&gt;'''sika 5653'''&lt;/span&gt; kemasi ta 中壢 a paka 龍潭 - 車頭 - 小人國 a patje 六福村
*basu na taoyuan
**&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;'''sika 5109'''&lt;/span&gt; kemasi ta 大溪 a paka 復興 - 高遶 - 桃源仙谷 a patje 馬武督

=== palidring a djalan ===
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TWHW3.svg|23px|中華民國國道]] sikatjelulj a palidring a djalan na formosan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW3.svg|23px|省道]] sikatjelulj a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW118.svg|市道|23px]] sika 118 a palidirng a djalan na hsincu king: kemasi ta hsingcu a lizuk a patje fuxing gu i taoyoan

=== kisiya djalan ===

=== hikuki ===

== djamay ==

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>1mb19z7hfj7p40xnrs821x06jhsszcb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Haiduan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>35</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12223</id>
      <parentid>10887</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T13:44:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* remayurangan */-sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12223</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5557" sha1="ravbi6snr90xyxvjaio2095wnh4ilhm" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;  align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''haiduan gu''' 
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:南橫利稻 Lidao on Southern Cross-Island Highway - panoramio.jpg|thumb|center|pinapacunan a haiduan gu]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Haiduan Taitung Taiwan.png|thumb|center|inuan i haiduan gu]] 
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|tjaljatekuan a gimeng
|taitung king (taitung county)
|-
|san kilalaing ta lizuk a caucau
|胡金至
|-
|kadjunangan
|880.0382 km2
|-
|caucau
|4,105
|-
|}


Haiduan（海端鄉）

Haiduan gu icuwa i Taitung. ala atjunangn mapuljat 892.99&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang 817.5&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 74.18&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 4,278 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 1,090 a daceneqlan, Bunun (94%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

Haitutuan(kai na bunung nua郡群), i pasakaledep a virilj tua taitu tua taiwan, avananga a 五個nakacalisiyan na guan之一 na taitu, a i tjaivirilj avan a takkei(卓溪鄉) i [[Kalinku king|kalingku]], a i tjaikacedas mavan a 池上鄉kata關山鎮, a i pasakacedas a navalj tua luye(鹿野鄉), a i tjaikaledep mavananga a 桃源區 i takaw, a i pasanavalj izua a 延平鄉. aicu a Haitutuan, mavananga a tjaljaqaca a kinapangaljan a paljavak ljawa tjakedri a cawcaw i taitu. i masantjelulj a kinapangaljan a paljavak i taiwan, kaviriljan ta pinenuljatan na cawcaw, qaw masanpitjulj ta pulingetjan nua kadjunangan imaza. 

nakitangez tua gadu i vecekadan tua taiwan imaza, liaw a gadugaduan kata paljaljavak imaza, sa inika namazatja a katjunangan imaza. izua a pana a 新武呂溪, 龍泉溪, 加拿溪, 崁頂溪, azua a kinaqadavan namasan maculjuculju a kinavaliyan imaza; tjuruvu a bunungzuku a taqaljaqaljan imaza, tjalja tjurutjuruan a qemumaq.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |haiduan

海端鄉
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak (上級行政區劃)
|taitu(台東縣)
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan(舊稱)
|Haitutuan(kai na bunung布農語)
|-
|sepaljavak(區劃)
|unem a mula ata sepatj a puluq kata ita a (lining) (6村41鄰) 
|-
|ruqivu a kai(地方語言)
|kai nua bunung(布農語)
|-
|sihu(政府)

-guciu(鄉長)

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacuqan/lalaingan tua semanrasudjan a tjaivavav

(行政機關)

-qinati a hulic a sihu(立法機關)
|


-胡金至(pacun ta guciu na haiduan.海端鄉鄉長列表)

- nasehaiduan a gukusiu(海端鄉公所)


-daihiyukay  na haiduan(海端鄉民代表會)
|-
|tjaljiqaca a pulingetj/

pulingetjan nua kadjunangan/sasusuan tua pasalavagan na katjunangan(總面積)
|880.0382平方公里
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu/sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan(平均海拔)
|takuzulj sa pitju a iday saka lima a puluq kata  unem a vavavan a maru  tadjekuacan(1,756公尺)
|-
|kinavadavadayan nua cawcaw(人口)

-susuan ta kinatjuruvan a caucau a supu/pinenuljatan na cawcaw(總數)

-(pita sasupuan)sikamasan(排名)

-pinaljingan(戶數)
|


-sepatj a kuzulj sa taiday saka drusa a puluq kata  alu a cawcaw(4,128人)(2021 a cavilj kata 4 a qiljas, 2021年4月)

- sikamasansimuluq saka  drusa(第12)

-takuzulj sa alu a puluq kata pitju a paljingan(1,087戶)
|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
sasusuan na umaq a vecik(郵政編碼)
|957
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq  a  sihu(戶政資料代碼)
|10014120
|-
|tjuljivaran nua guan(毗鄰)
|池上鄉、關山鎮、延平鄉、鹿野鄉；

kalingku:卓溪鄉；

takaw:桃園區
|}

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 6 qinaljan i Haiduan. matja 15 qinaljan imaza, Kanahcian（加和部落）, Kanaluk（加樂部落）, Bacingul（加平部落）, Kamcing（崁頂部落）, Kusunuki（紅石部落）, Haitutuan（山平部落）, Takinusta（瀧下部落）, Sulai-iaz（初來部落）, Samuluh（新武部落）, Tuapuu（大埔部落）, Takimi（龍泉部落）, Likau-uan（錦屏部落）, Bulbul（霧鹿部落）, Vahu（下馬部落）, Litu（利稻部落）.

== kasicuayan(likisi) ==
izauzua a karakudakuda a bunungzuku imaza, azua a ngadan a “海端”mavananga aza “Haitutuan”na kai nua bunung, sa aicu a pacugan na ngadan a avan a aza katjunangan, izua a mapulingetj a gaduan imaza, ljawa izua a ceviqan. inika namaka ljaveljavek imaza.

ka ciukukuanan, izuazua a qinaljan a 新武洛、里瓏山，丹那、大里渡, sa ka ripunanan, pinaljavek ta 台東廳關山郡 imaza. ka 民國anan, izua a tucu a 關山鎮(台東縣里壟鎮)a katjunagan a mavaday tua “海端鄉”ka 1946 a cavilj a patjetucu.

==kadjunangan==

==caucau==

==papupaysu==

===tataleman===

===kakiciqavan===

==tatuluan==
izua tapuluq a gakku a kedrikedri imaza i haiduan gu.

==biuing==

==iyubingkiuku (yuzeng)==

===sasupuan na iyubingkiuku===
957 a sasupuan na iyubingkiku se haiduan.

==remayurangan==
&lt;gallery&gt;
臺東向陽瀑布.jpg|
海端車站-1.JPG|ljaljevavavan na haiduan
海端圖書館 03.jpg|pinapusupuan na haiduan
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==sipacacikeljan==

===palidring a djalan===
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW20.svg|23px]] sikamasan 20 a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW20a.svg|23px]] sikamasan 20-A a palidring a djalan na taiwan

===kisiya djalan===
izua ljaljevavavan na haiduan imaza.

===gungkang===

===hikuki===

==djamay==
==paravacan a racev==

vuday

ljaceng

vaqu

uciya(茶葉)

qudis

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>ravbi6snr90xyxvjaio2095wnh4ilhm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Heping</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>36</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12220</id>
      <parentid>10830</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T13:43:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* remayurangan */-sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12220</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7027" sha1="3j3mptbgisnzcj8bct1fnpunxxbruzy" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;  align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''pasing''' &lt;/br&gt;(heping gu)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:松鶴部落.JPG|thumb|center|pinapacuanan a pasing]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Heping TC.svg|thumb|center|inuan i pasing imaza na taiciu]]
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|na tjaivavav a pangaljan nua kaizuanan
|taiciu (taichung)
|-
|kisanlalaing ta pangaljan nua kaizuanan
|吳萬福
|-
|sasupuan tua pasalavaan na kadjunangan
|1,037.8192 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|-
|sasupuan tua caucau
|ma 10,823 a caucau
|-
|sasupuan na iyubingkiuku
|424
|-
|}

aicu a '''pasing (heping gu)''' na seqaqusa i Taiciu i [[Taiwan]]. pulingetj a kadjunangan na Heping gu masan 1,006.12 a kuzulj a mituruturu (maqlinpan atjunang 900.79 a kuzulj a mituru, maqlinaule atjunang 62.11 a kuzulj a mituru). izua malje 6,503 mapuljat imaza, ljakua izua malje 2,544 (59%) a [[Tayazuku]] a caucau i Heping gu.

==cinalivatan==
kasipaljavaljavak na dripung ta qinlajan imaza a sihu a 東勢郡 na taiciu. ayatua kiqecevan na mihu(qinaljan se tayal) ta [[Dripun|dripun]] tjaivililj, sa sipaljavaljavak na sihu niamadju a tjatjuruvu a keisac i ta matjatjelu a pinaljavakan.

na djemaljun a caucau seciuku tamaza kacaviljan a 1945. sipaljavaljavak niamadju a sihu na heping gu na taiciu. izua alu a cun imaza a pinaljavakan.

==kadjunangan==
tjaikacedas a heping gu i tu taiciu imaza. pasakacedas ta [[Xiulin|bsuring (xiulin gu)]] na kalinku; pasanavalj ta [[Ren’ai|ren’ai gu]] kata guoxing gu na lamtaw king; pasaviri ta tarien (kaizuan na pazeh, i zhuolan tucu) kata taian na [[Miauli king|bari]] (siayaya ta miauli king tucu a kakaian na taokas), ta nahuy (jianshi gu) na hsinchu king; pasakaledep ta xinshe gu kata dongshi gu.

izau veljeluan a taokas (dajia ayain tucu) a pasa i ta gadu a pinapungadan na tayal a babo hagai i tjaiviri.

==caucau==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; font-size:90%&quot;
!'''cavilj'''
!kacavilj a 1981
!kacavilj a 1982
!kacavilj a 1983
!kacavilj a 1984
!kacavilj a 1985
!kacavilj a 1986
!kacavilj a 1987
!kacavilj a 1988
!kacavilj a 1989
!kacavilj a 1990
|-
!'''caucau'''
|11,054
|10,845
|10,689
|10,397
|10,209
|10,322
|10,516
|10,479
|10,514
|10,170
|-
!'''cavilj'''
!kacavilj a 1991
!kacavilj a 1992
!kacavilj a 1993
!kacavilj a 1994  
!kacavilj a 1995
!kacavilj a 1996
!kacavilj a 1997
!kacavilj a 1998
!kacavilj a 1999
!kacavilj a 2000
|-
!'''caucau'''
|'''10,162'''
|'''10,162'''
|10,734
|10,662
|11,019
|10,883
|11,015
|11,018
|11,172
|11,121
|-
!'''cavilj'''
!kacavilj a 2001
!kacavilj a 2002
!kacavilj a 2003
!kacavilj a 2004
!kacavilj a 2005
!kacavilj a 2006
!kacavilj a 2007
!kacavilj a 2008
!kacavilj a 2009
!kacavilj a 2010
|-
!'''caucau'''
|11,317
|'''11,324'''
|11,309
|11,181
|11,058
|10,960
|10,880
|10,803
|10,730
|10,743
|-
!'''cavilj'''
!kacavilj a 2011
!kacavilj a 2012
!kacavilj a 2013
!kacavilj a 2014
!kacavilj a 2015
!kacavilj a 2016
!kacavilj a 2017
!kacavilj a 2018
!kacavilj a 2019
!kacavilj a 2020
|-
!'''caucau'''
|10,683
|10,556
|10,589
|10,825
|10,726
|10,795
|10,949
|11,015
|10,902
|10,809
|-
|}

==paljavak tua qinaljan==
[[sineqetj a vecik:松鶴部落.JPG|thumb|right|200px|qinaljan a tbulan]]
matja 13 a qinaljan i Heping. 
*Sqoyaw (環山部落)
*Tabuk (松茂部落)
*Slamaw (佳陽部落)
*Lilang (裡冷部落)
*M’ihu (雙崎部落)
*Tgbin (桃山部落)
*L’olu (達觀部落)
*Kling (竹林部落)
*Pasing (南勢部落)
*Slamaw (梨山部落)
*Tbulan (松鶴部落)
*S’yux (三叉坑部落)
*Hrung (哈崙台部落)

===pinaljavakan===
mapuljat izua daitai saka tapuluq saka pitju a lin imaza na pinaljavakan naicu a li a alu.
 
{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+mapida a caucau kata paljingan na ljemita tua li &lt;/br&gt;(nu aicu a sinisupuan kaqiljas a 12 na cavilj a 2020)
!li!!kadjunangan!!lin!!paljingan!!uqaljay!!vavayan!!penuljat ta caucau!!sekacalisian
|-
|中坑里||||10||247||285||231||516||7
|-
|天輪里||||9||246||254||227||481||16
|-
|平等里||334.414||15||384||554||460||1,014||617
|-
|自由里||||11||495||687||555||1,242||663
|-
|南勢里||||14||922||1,125||994||2,119||508
|-
|梨山里||||34||1,030||1,188||1,021||2,209||854
|-
|博愛里||||16||810||977||925||1,902||927
|-
|達觀里||||8||504||724||602||1,326||682
|-
!pasing!!1,037.8192!!117!!4,638!!5,794!!5,015!!10,809!!4,274
|}

==papupaysu==

===tataleman===

===kakiciqavan===

==tatuluan==
izua tapuluq a gakku a kedrikedri imaza.

==biuing==

==iyubingkiuku (yuzeng)==

===sasupuan na iyubingkiuku===
424 a sasupuan na iyubingkiku se pasing (heping gu).

==remayurangan==
&lt;gallery&gt;
大甲溪天冷段.JPG|
天輪白冷吊橋.JPG|
2020 Hands of Colossus i.jpg|
松鶴橋.JPG|
久良栖林場巷.JPG|
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==sipacacikeljan==

===palidring a djalan===
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW7a.svg|省道|25px]] sikamasanpitjulj-A a palidring a djalan na taiwan: kasimaza a patje yilan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW8.svg|省道|25px]] sikamasanvalulj a palidring a djalan na taiwan (inika djalan na remayurangan; aicu a djalan na taqaljaqaljan imaza)
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_CHW140.svg|25px]] sikamasan 140 a paladring a djalan na bari (miaoli king)
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWtc47.png|區道|25px]] sikamasan 47 a palidring a djalan na taiciu: maqati a kemasi tamaza a patje bari (miaoli king)

===basu===
==== basu na fengyuan i lizuk a taiciu ====
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 90 (延)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 153&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 153 (副)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 153 (延)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 207&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 209&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 251&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 252&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 253&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 266&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 266 (繞)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 267&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 269&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 821&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 850&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 865&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 865 (區)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 866&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 866 (區1)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 866 (區2)&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;sikamasan 866 (區3)&lt;/span&gt;

====basu na kukang====
*sikamasan 1751 a kemasi ta yilan a patje slamaw
*sikamasan 1764 a kemasi ta lutung a patje slamaw

====basu na kalinku====
*sikamasan 1141 a kemasi ta ljaljevavavan na kalinku ta kisiya a patjetaiciu(slamaw)

===kisiya djalan===

==djamay==

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>3j3mptbgisnzcj8bct1fnpunxxbruzy</sha1>
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    <title>Hideki Yukawa</title>
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        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
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|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Nobel prize medal.svg|25px]] Hideki Yukawa
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[sineqetj a vecik:Yukawa.jpg|thumb|Hideki Yukawa|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | physician
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kangadanan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  湯川 秀樹
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Japan.svg|25px]] [[Dripun]] 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1907.1.23
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Japan.svg|25px]][[Dripun]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|minacayan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1981.9.8 (74 a cavilj)  
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Japan.svg|25px]][[Dripun]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|sinsi
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Yoshio Nishina
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kakku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Kyutu a Daigakku
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | Usaka a Daigakku
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kasusu
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 2 a aljak
|-
|}
ti '''Hideki''' lja '''Yukawa''' (湯川 秀樹／ゆかわ ひでき Yukawa Hideki ，1907.1.23－1981.9.8)

Hideki Yukawa, pinualjak timudju i 1907 a cavilj a icigacu a drusa a puluq kata tjelu a qadavan, sa macayanga timadju i 1981 a cavilj a kugacu a alu a qadavan. sinikingkingkiu ta 物理學ti Hideki Yukawa i [[Dripun|ripun]], mavananga 物理學kata 理學a sinsi. natemulu timadju i 京都大學kata大阪大學, sa masan ta pungadanngadan(有名的) a sinsi timadju i 大阪大學. a pakalevavan ta ligu na taqaljaqaljan tjaimadju, sa pakalevauta tjaimatju ta “勳一等旭日大綬章”, “文化勳章表彰”kata “從二位”.

kinkiu ti Hideki Yukawa ta kemudakuda a質子kata 中子i tjaladj tua 原子核, sa pakeljanganga ta zuma tua izuaanga a 介子. ka 1947 a cavilj, sedjumak a 英國物理學家ti塞西爾·鮑威爾 ta π介子 i zarezar a 宇宙線, sa ljemauy ta Hideki Yukawa timadju. saka, masananga ta sikamasanitalj a caucau na ripun a pinakalevavan ta “諾貝爾獎”ka 1949 a cavilj.

==sikavaljutan==

===kasucuayanga a sikavaljutan=== 
ka 1907 a cavilj, pinualjak i 東京府東京市麻布區市兵衛町(tucu a 東京都港區六本木)timadju, a masantjelulj a aljak nimadju a matjaljaljak a 地質學家a小川琢治kata小雪.

ka 1908 a cavilj, ka pinualjakanga a itjaivirilj tu ita a cavilj kata drusa a qiljas, pudjadjalan tjai kama timadju a vaik a 京都帝國大學 ta masengseng, sa patjavat a tacekeljan ta 京都府京都市. saka, ka ita a cavilj tua daygakuanan, izuazua i 京都 timadju. sa, izuaizua i 大阪kata西宮uta ka kitjaulanga a daygaku timadju, ljawa liawliaw a milingan nua nasi nimadju i 京都. izua a vinecikan ni Hideki Yukawa ta mapaqenetjan timadju i 京都.

azua a kina nimadju a kama, avan a vuvu ni Hideki Yukawa ti 小川駒橘, a sividay(武士) na前紀州藩 timadju, sa naqivu a “kemasi a 和歌山”tia Hideki Yukawa. masa mamau ta 松下幸之助 tua macaqu a paveliveli, izau a vinecikan a “pinualjakan timaza a 松下幸之助”, azua a vencik a vinecik na Hideki Yukawa.

ka lima sa unem a cavilj ti Hideki Yukawa, kitulutulu ta katupu a 四書 timadju tjai vuvu ti 駒橘. macaqu tua kineljangan nua pairing ti駒橘, macaquta tua kineljangan nua 洋學, sa pacun ta sinbun a 泰晤士報 kaizuanan timadju. izua a vinecikan ni Hideki Yukawa: “kinemenem aken tua aicu a kineljangan nua洋學, inia neka ta kinudan. ……inika kemaljang aken tua pacugan, ljawa izuanan a liaw a manguaqan naizua. saka, nu pacun ta pazangal a katupu itjaivirilj, inia pazangal mumaya. masa temavak aken tua vinecikan na pairang. auza a kakudan a namagagalj ta caucau, masa amin a kitulu aken tua paka zain na vuvu, kemeljananga aken kata temavak tua vinecikan na [[Pairang|pairang]], sa madjulu ta kitulutulu aken itjaivirilj.”

ka 1919 a cavilj, kitulutulu ta 京都府立京都第一中學校 ti Hideki Yukawa, ika madjulu a pacun tjaimadju i kituluan, sa pinaka “權兵衛”. saka, inika saigu a maljavaljavar timadju, nu maqupung timadju,ika qivuqivu, saka pinaka “「Iwanchan」（言わん）”uta. ljawa kimanu avan a 伊凡 nua tjaucikel na 托爾斯泰 timadju. kinemenemuta a kama ni Hideki Yukawa ta minseke ti Hideki Yukawa, ika kemeljang a kinemenem timadju sa inika sedjadjeljek tjaimadju. kacuayanga, kinemenem a kama ni Hideki Yukawa tau inia macaqu a kitulu ti Hideki Yukawa, sa uri tjemaula timadju tua kituluanan i taygaku, macepeliv tua kitulu ta masengseng. izuanan a aljak nia sinsi izua i salasaladj i 京都一中, sa tjuruvu a cawcaw a masan ta sinsi uta. qaw ka 1965 a cavilj a pinakalevavan ta “諾貝爾物理學獎”tjiamadju, mavananga a maresalasaladj ti 朝永振一郎kati Hideki Yukawa.

==sengsengan==
kitjaulanga i daygaku a京都帝國大學理學部物理學科 ti Hideki Yukawa ka 1929 a cavilj, sa masengseng ta kitulu kati 玉城嘉十郎 i daygaku a京都帝國大學理學部物理學科. masananga tua sinsi na 京都帝國大學 ka 1932 a cavilj. kemeljanganga ta sinis ti 八木秀次na daygaku a 大阪帝國大學理學部物理學科（塩見理化學研究所）  i kaiki a “日本數學物理學會年會”a napakaiki a daygaku a東北帝國大學, sa pinusaladj na 八木秀次 tua masn ta sinsi i daygaku a 大阪帝國大學理學部物理學科.

kaizuanan, kemeljang a aljak na malailaing nua biuing a 大阪胃腸病院(papungadan ta biuing a湯川胃腸病院ka 1950 a cavilj) ti 湯川玄洋, avan a djaljedjalj a vavayan ti湯川スミ, sa puvaljaw tiamdju. saka kitarev ti Hideki Yukawa tua 湯川, sa papungadan ta Hideki Yukawa.

ka 1935 a cavilj, venecik a pakeljang ti Hideki Yukawa i katupu a 《日本數學和物理學會雜誌》a lunbun a“kemudakuda patjara 基本粒子”, napakeljang ta kemudakuda ta 質子kata中子i tjaladj tua 原子核, sa naqivu ta 核子的介子理論, kata izuanga a介子, aya ti Hideki Yukawa.

ka1947 a cavilj, napacun ta π介子 ti 塞西爾·鮑威爾 kamasi a 英國, sa sikeljang tua kingkiu na Hideki Yukawa. pinakalevavan ta “諾貝爾物理學獎”ti Hideki Yukawa ka 1949 a cavilj, pinakalevavanuta ta “諾貝爾物理學獎”ti塞西爾·鮑威爾ka 1950 a cavilj.

saka, izuaanga a lunbun kata vinecikan nimadju, avan a katupu a 《量子力學入門》ka 1946 a cavilj, kata katupu a 《基本粒子理論入門》ka 1948 a cavilj.

==cinalivatan==

ka 1907 a cavilj, pinualjak i 東京.

ka 1929 a cavilj(drusa a puluq kata drusa a cavilj）, kitjulanga i daygaku a京都帝國大學理學院.

ka 1932 a cavilj(drusa a puluq kata lima a cavilj）, masananga ta sinsi i京都帝國大學理學院. puvaljaw kati 澄子.

ka 1933 a cavilj(drusa a puluq kata unem a cavilj）, masananga ta sinsi i大阪帝國大學. 

ka 1935 a cavilj(drusa a puluq kata alu a cavilj）, pakeljang i katupu a lunbun a“kemudakuda patjara 基本粒子”, sa naqivu ta 核子的介子理論, kata izuanga a介子.

ka 1936 a cavilj(drusa a puluq kata siva a cavilj）, masananga ta sinsi i大阪帝國大學.

ka 1938 a cavilj(tjelu a puluq kata ita a cavilj）, kitjaulanga a 博士 ta sinsi i大阪帝國大學, azua a lunbun a “On the interaction of elementary particles”.

ka 1939 a cavilj(tjelu a puluq kata drusa a cavilj）, masananga ta sinsi i京都帝國大學.

ka 1940 a cavilj(tjelu a puluq kata tjelu a cavilj）, pinakalevavan ta 日本學士院獎.

ka 1943 a cavilj(tjelu a puluq kata unem a cavilj）, pinakalevavan ta 文化勳章.

ka 1949 a cavilj(sepatj a puluq kata drusa a cavilj）, masananga ta sinsi i哥倫比亞大學. pinakalevavan ta 諾貝爾物理學獎.

ka 1953 a cavilj(sepatj a puluq kata unem a cavilj）, masananga ta sinsi i kingkiusiu a 京都大學基礎物理學研究所a masanitalj a malailaing. 

ka 1955 a cavilj(sepatj a puluq kata alu a cavilj）, vinecik ta 《羅素—愛因斯坦宣言》.

ka 1981 a cavilj(pitju a puluq kata sepatj a cavilj）, namacay i 京都.

==pazangalan ta pinakalevavan==

ka 1940 a cavilj, 恩賜獎.

ka 1941 a cavilj, 野間學術獎

ka 1943 a cavilj, 文化勳章

ka 1949 a cavilj, 諾貝爾物理學獎

ka 1963 a cavilj, 倫敦皇家學會外籍會士

ka 1964 a cavilj, 羅蒙諾索夫金質獎章

ka 1967 a cavilj, 西德功勛勳章, 羅馬教廷科學院勳章

ka 1977 a cavilj, 勳一等旭日大綬章

ka 1981 a cavilj, 從二位

==vinecik ta katupu==

目に見えないもの（izua i講談社學術文庫, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 4061580949&lt;/nowiki&gt;）

物理講義（izua i講談社學術文庫, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 4061581953&lt;/nowiki&gt;）

旅人 ある物理学者の回想（izua i角川ソフィア文庫, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 4041238013&lt;/nowiki&gt;）

本の中の世界（kemasi a岩波新書, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 4004150906&lt;/nowiki&gt;）

物理の世界（vinecik kati山田英二, 片山泰久, kemasi a講談社現代新書, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 4061154079&lt;/nowiki&gt;）

人間にとって科学とはなにか（kemasi a中公新書, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 412100132X&lt;/nowiki&gt;）

物理の世界 数理の世界（vinecik kati北川敏男, kemasi a中公新書, &lt;nowiki&gt;ISBN 4121002504&lt;/nowiki&gt;）

==pacunu uta==
* [[Dripun]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Hualien</title>
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|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''hualien hici'''[[sineqetj a vecik:Hualien HL.svg|thumb|center|hualien hici (qudjidji a pinakeljang)]]
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:108-10-hualien02.jpg|thumb|center|disiaba na kisiya i kalingu]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|kalingu king
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|qiray, huilan, sinkang
|-
|sepaljavak
|sepatj puluq sa sepatj a li, ita kuzulj kata tjelu puluq sepatj rin
(44里1,034鄰) 
|-
|lemingdjelj kata cavilj 
|kalingugang hici (kalingugang ciy)花蓮港街花蓮港市  (ka 1940 a cavilj)→
hualien hici (kalinguking) 花蓮縣花蓮市(kemasi 1946 a cavilj mata tucu)
|-
|sepaljavak
|ita hici, drusa ceng kata tapuluq a qinaljan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
| -魏嘉賢pacun ta kamakama na hualien hici
-hualien hici kungsu

-hualien hici daihiyukay

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan 
|29.4095km²
|-
|kinamamamavan tua vavavan nua gadu
|drusa puluq sa ita a maru vavavan tadjekuacan
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na cawcau


-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
| -tapuluq kudrav sa drusa kuzulj sa drusaiday sa siva puluq sa siva a caucau(102,299)(2021 a cavilj tjelu a qiljas)
-sepatj kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa pitju taiday sa siva puluq sa lima a paljingan(41,795)
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10015010
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|sincen, siulin, djian
|}
hualien hici (pinayuwanan：valangaw；pinairangan：Hua-lian-chhī；nginaingayngan：faˊ lienˇ sii/faˋ lien shi+；Sinakizayan：Nabakuwan；’inamizukuan：Kalinko）avan nangata ca hici nua [[Kalinku king|kalingu king]]. i maza i pasakacedas a viri tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]] a kalingu king,  i pasaviri a kalinku a sema taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk a kadjunangan, a i viri nakidjekec tua sincen, a i navalj kicaing tua i djian, pasamaza ledepan kicencen ta i siulin, a i tjaikacedas na kicevung tua taipingyan (ljavek a viliping), izua sepatj puluq sa sepatj a mula(saka. izua unem qinepu a li), a sikici 29.4095 km², kata i ljaqedy a sincen guan a pasuqacavan tjalja kreian ta penuljat a qinaljan i kalingu king, a caucau kimaya tapuluq kudraw sa drusa kuzulj, masansikamusalj a hici pakata i pasakacedasan a kadjunangan (tja kedri ta valangaw). au aza mavalidan masan sangasangasan pakata kalingu king kata taiduking；pakata hici a king imaza i taiwan a penuljat, aza pulingetjan nua kadjunangan masansikamusalj ta kerian, mavalidan daisanmi. aicu hualien hici a dideq djian kata sincen namaqepu a masan a sikace, izua tu drusa puluq kudraw a caucau. masanvalulj pakata hici i taiwan.   

ka 1940 a cavilj vilivililjan a ripun a djiday, liaw namakeljang a dantay nu kingsic imaza, mirazek patjelja tucu avan saka masan i kacedasan tjalja nanguwaqan a hici.     
== cinalivatan ==
kasicuayan a qivu ta kalinku “cilay” aya，avan za amizuku nu qivu “sakiraya” sialpape tua “kiray” a pasumamaw siqivuan a zaing, ka 1909 a cavilj, aza kalingku kitjaula ta i valangaw, kasicuayan na lilangkang(鯉浪港), kazuanan angata i milun pana. sinkang qivu tauta. aicu a ngadan kata i kalingku siljitaladj i veljeljuan a kalingukang minatu tja hului a minatu(nanping) mamaw.  

ka 1920 a cavilj, pavalitan tua kinapangaljan a paljavak, lemindjel ta kalingukang tje, nase kalingukang ting ljeteku aza kaligukangciting a kanri, ka 1937 a cavilj, i pasakacedasan lemindjel ta djin, saka pavalitan tua kalingukangting a kalingudjin, ka 1940 a cavilj lemindjel ta hici, pavalitan tua kalingukangci, kapuamin a maqaqeci, ka 1946 a cavilj, pavalitan ta hualien hici patjelja tucu, au hualien hici kata i vilang a yilan hici masan ta tjalja sangasan a lemingdjel ta hici italadj ta king.    

== kadjunangan ==
a kinalangan nua kadjunangan i hualien hici avan za nakemasi gadu seqaljutj a qipu kata vudas masan lizulizu, kimaya 90% a penuljat ta kadjunangan. au izua gadugadu ika qaca tu 100m i pasakaledep a kuvu(國福) mula kata a paljaljaqedi i suiyan(水源) mula a siulin(秀林) qinaljan kata milun(美崙) gadu i vececadan na hici. kimaya izua 10% pakata pulingetjan nua kadjunangan a hici.   

=== hisiu ===
a i hualien hici a sicekaukau kemasi djian pana kata milun pana. djian pana i pasakacedasan nua taiwan, izua malji siqivu dulan(荳蘭) pana aya. a ladruqan tu 11.4km, saka aicu pana a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan tu 42.16 km², a cidjawcuan(七腳川) pana avan nu pakanan, au paqaqarut i vecekadan a pasaviri nua kalinguking, avan pakamaza hualien hici a navalj kata djian guan a viri. aza sitjevuta angata na zaljum kemasi 1321m a paka djian gadu a kacedas i siulin guan, au pasakacedas a navalj a segalju sa cemalivat a cinvung(慶豐), senan(勝安), yicang(宜昌) a mula, avan zua masan patjatjukudain na djian kata na kalingu a pana a paljaljaqedi, aicu djiansi tjakudrang tjalja ljatutan ta siljicasavan ta ljevek a tjakudrang, kemasi maza nanbing kivangvangan ljaqeti segaljudj mataipingyan.        

milun pana ka sicuayan a qivu “sapudang”, a ladruqan tu 19.58 km, saka aicu pana a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan tu 72.54 km², segalju sa cemalivat a haulien hici, au aza  sicekaukau kemasi sapudang a gadu i suiyan mula a siulin qinaljan, a tjljaqacan mata 1,120 m. hualien hici avan ta lizulizu pakata milun pana, aicu a kadjunangan tjalja demutan ta djian, hualien hici kata djali(嘉里). saka pasa navalj a kalingu minatu a segaljudj mataipingyan. aza milun pana kemasi zaya seqaljudj a zaljum nakemacu ta qacilay, lja secevung ta pana zaljum madjadjiges masan ljusepitj a vudas, sepakiciul sivalian kata maseljec a kaliusan a ljavek, au i beipin(北濱) kakivanvangan masan izua angata a vudavudasan, maqati a sipakivangvang kata semekez ta caucau.      

== kalevelevan ==
pakata ziriu a cungyancisiyangcy, kemasi 1989 a cavilj patje 2020 a cavilj, a tjaljaqacavan a sezaman avan 27.1℃, a tjaljakedrian a sezaman avan 21.0℃, a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledev. au a sikudjaljan avan 1844mm, lemita ta qudjaqudjaljan avan 133 qadaw, tjaliaw a qudjaqudjaljan avan sicigac patje ziugac.

lja buhu tuki aza pasuvililj ta cengel a vali kemasi pasakaledep a navalj secengceng tua sizezan a ikiw, a salenean avan 77.8% i hualien hici. aza hualien hici i pasakacedasan a ljaviljaving a ljavek, lja qemeceng a gadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan kata ljavek a gadugaduan, saka aza sivalian avan angata pasakacedas a viri. au izua liaw sivalian avan pasakaledep a navalj, sidjalavan na vali avan 2.18 m/biw. 

pakata ziriu a “山坡地公共安全手冊”, tucu a taiday a cavilj izua 12 % kemasi kalingu a ljitaladj a buhu. lja izua buhu kemasi pasakeledep a taipingyan kata kemaledep a ikiw, aicu ljaviljaving ta ljavek ma aya ta luduludan madjiqedjiqes saka maya aza na ljavek a ljaviljaiving mekedrikedri anga.  
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;14&quot; |&lt;sub&gt;hualien hici（kemasi 1991 a cavilj mata 2020 a cavilj）pakata kalevelevan penapamapamaw ziriu&lt;/sub&gt;
|-
!&lt;sub&gt;qiljas&lt;/sub&gt;
!&lt;sub&gt;icigac&lt;/sub&gt;
!&lt;sub&gt;nigac&lt;/sub&gt;
!&lt;sub&gt;sangac&lt;/sub&gt;
!&lt;sub&gt;sigac&lt;/sub&gt;
!&lt;sub&gt;gugac&lt;/sub&gt;
!&lt;sub&gt;lukugac&lt;/sub&gt;
!&lt;sub&gt;sicigac&lt;/sub&gt;
!&lt;sub&gt;hacigac&lt;/sub&gt;
!&lt;sub&gt;kugac&lt;/sub&gt;
!&lt;sub&gt;ziugac&lt;/sub&gt;
!&lt;sub&gt;ziuicigac&lt;/sub&gt;
!&lt;sub&gt;ziunigac&lt;/sub&gt;
!&lt;sub&gt;itacavilj&lt;/sub&gt;
|-
!&lt;sub&gt;a tjaljaqacavan a sezaman​ ℃（℉）&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;21.4&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(70.5)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;21.9&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(71.4)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;23.6&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(74.5)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;26.2&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(79.2)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;28.7&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(83.7)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;30.9&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(87.6)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;32.4&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(90.3)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;32.2&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(90)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;30.7&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(87.3)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;28.3&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(82.9)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;25.8&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(78.4)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;22.8&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(73)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;27.1&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(80.8)&lt;/sub&gt;
|-
!&lt;sub&gt;a ljemita qadaw papamaw  a sezaman&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;℃（℉）&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;18.3&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(64.9)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;18.6&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(65.5)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;20.3&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(68.5)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;22.8&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(73)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;25.3&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(77.5)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;27.3&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(81.1)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;28.7&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(83.7)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;28.4&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(83.1)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;27.0&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(80.6)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;24.9&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(76.8)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;22.5&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(72.5)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;19.7&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(67.5)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;23.7&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(74.7)&lt;/sub&gt;
|-
!&lt;sub&gt;a tjaljakedrian a sezaman​ ​℃（℉）&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;15.8&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(60.4)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;16.2&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(61.2)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;17.6&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(63.7)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;20.1&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(68.2)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;22.5&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(72.5)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;24.7&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(76.5)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;25.6&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(78.1)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;25.4&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(77.7)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;24.2&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(75.6)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;22.2&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(72)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;19.9&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(67.8)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;17.2&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(63)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;21.0&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(69.8)&lt;/sub&gt;
|-
!&lt;sub&gt;a sikudjaljan ​㎜（英⁠寸）&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;43.4&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(1.709)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;49.7&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(1.957)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;76.4&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(3.008)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;78.9&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(3.106)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;218.9&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(8.618)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;149.6&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(5.89)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;152.8&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(6.016)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;243.3&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(9.579)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;269.4&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(10.606)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;290.4&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(11.433)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;184.0&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(7.244)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;86.9&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(3.421)&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;1,843.8&lt;/sub&gt;
&lt;sub&gt;(72.591)&lt;/sub&gt;
|-
!&lt;sub&gt;a salenean  （％）&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;74.0&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;76.1&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;76.6&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;78.0&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;81.0&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;79.6&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;75.9&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;77.6&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;76.8&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;74.8&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;78.1&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;74.8&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;76.9&lt;/sub&gt;
|-
!&lt;sub&gt;lemita ta qiljas a siqadavan a milingan&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;63.6&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;62.4&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;80.9&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;98.4&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;124.0&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;192.6&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;270.8&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;226.8&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;191.1&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;132.4&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;90.0&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;59.3&lt;/sub&gt;
|&lt;sub&gt;1,592.1&lt;/sub&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;14&quot; |&lt;sub&gt;aicu ziriu patekuteku kemasi cungyancisiyangcy&lt;/sub&gt;
|}

== kinapangaljan a paljavak==
matja sepatj puluq sa lima a  qinaljan i kalingu king. sa matja tapuluq sa drusa a qinaljan imaza,

[[cibarbaran]](主農), [[cipawkan]](德安), [[cikep]](幾可普), [[tuwapun]](華東), [[singsiya]](新夏), kenuy]](根努夷), [[ciku]](磯固), [[sakur]](撒固兒), [[takubuwan]](達固部灣), [[lasutan]](拉署旦部落), [[kanian]](嘎尼按部落), [[tasutasunan]](達蘇達蘇湳).

izua 44 a mula imaza, au lemindjelj unem a qinepu a li. lja mekedri a caucau i minze(民治) mula, saka qepuing kata minzu(民主) mula.  

==kavalanzuku==
aicu a kavalanzuku i kalingku king, nasedjameq ta gadu katua ljavek.

==sakizyazuku==
aicu a sakizayazuku nasetevelj tua amizuku i kalinku king.

==tarukuzuku==
aicu a turukuzuku ita pinaljavakan nua kalinkuking, sinane tayaruzuku ka tjaisangas ljakua na dukulicuanga tucu.

== caucau ==
kemasi 2015 a cavilj vilivililjan patje 2020 a cavilj vilivililjan, mekedri tjelu kuzulj sa taiday sa alu puluq sa lima a caucau, avan ta tjalja kerian a caucau aza kinapangaljan a paljavak i kalinguking. aicu a caucau masansimatjelj a tjakedri ta pakata king a kinapangaljan a paljavak (pintung hici, canghua hici, yuanli cen).   
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
| +:metjeruvu
-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1981
|tapuluq kudrav sa tjelu a kuzulj sa unem taiday sa drusa puluq sa lima a caucau (103,625 a caucau)
|
|-
|1986
|tapuluq kudrav sa unem a kuzulj sa drusaiday sa unem puluq sa lima a caucau (106,265 a caucau)
| +2.5%
|-
|1991
|tapuluq kudrav sa pitju a kuzulj sa lima taiday sa sepatj a caucau (107,504 a caucau)
| +1.2%
|-
|1996
|tapuluq kudrav sa alu a kuzulj sa sepatj taiday sa puluq sa sepatj a caucau (108,414 a caucau)
| +0.8%
|-
|2001
|tapuluq kudrav sa alu a kuzulj sa itaiday sa tjelu a caucau (108,103 a caucau)
|−0.3%
|-
|2006
|tapuluq kudrav sa siva kuzulj sa lima taiday sa pitju puluq sa tjelu a caucau (109,573 a caucau)
| +1.4%
|-
|2011
|tapuluq kudrav sa alu a kuzulj sa pitju taiday sa lima puluq sa lima a caucau (108,755 a caucau)
|−0.7%
|-
|2016
|tapuluq kudrav sa lima kuzulj  sa tjelu puluq sa sepatj a caucau (105,034 a caucau)
|−3.4%
|}

== zuku ==
tucu izua pairang, pinpu zuku, amizuku, truku zuku, seediq suzku, sakizaya zuku kata inika setaiwan a caucau. pakata ziriu a 戶政事務所 i hualien hici, ka 107 a cavilj, a penuljat a kacalisiyan a caucau, aza vecik i hualien izua ita kudrav sa drusa kuzulj sa lima taiday sa tjelu puluq sa siva a kacalisiyan, kimaya 10% nua penuljat a cuacau nua hualien hici.

=== amizuku ===
amizuku paqaqarut i kalinguking kata taituking, avan tjalja tjuruvuan a zuku nua kacalisian. a amis qinaljan tjaliaw imaza i pasa cemedasan vecekadan a gadugaduan  tua taiwan, pasanavalj a liwu(立霧) pana, a kalingu a sema taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk kata i cemedasan a maka ljaving ta ljavek a kadjunangan.tja tjuruvu a na seman umaq i lizuk, mapulju i gadu. au za amizuku tjalja sangasan a kicaciul ta na pairan a kakudan, na matavak a pakankan ta nguiqe kata pazaljum, avan ljema kinan a siakay, aza aljak sakina, uqaljay setalev ta savavayan. au pakata caucau izua drusa puluq kudraw a amizuku, amin avan ta 0.5 % i kacalisian a qinaljan, saka i lizulizuk a zuma. pakata kadjunangan, sikudakudanan kata kai a maljetimalji, izua “pasaviri amizuku” kemasi pasaviri a vunglin patje hualien hici (suvung, djian), izua tauta sicuayan a ngadan “nanse(南勢) amizuku”. au “vececadan a amizuku”, lja izua pinapepiliq a ljaviljaving a gadugaduan. izua tauta sicuayan a ngadan “ljaviljaving amizuku” (vungbin, dakangku) kata i siuguluani pana viljing a “siuguluan(秀姑巒) amizuku”(lisuy,cimei), izua pasanavalj amizuku”,a kinaizuanan imaza i taitu ta lizulizukan a ljaqeti , izua tauta sicuayan a ngadan “taitu amizuku”(valangaw, malan, dulan).  

=== turuku zuku ===
turuku zuku kemasi tjelu, sepatj taiday caviljan, napaselja qaca a sitaleman kata qemaljup a kadjunangan, vaikvaik a paljazua ta gadugaduan. semamaza i pasacemedas a liwu(立霧) pana, muka(木瓜) pana, tausai(陶塞) pana a kadjunangan. au izua tjelu a kacalisian a qinaljan i kalinguking (siulin, warung kata lisan mula i zusi qinaljan) avan a turuku zuku a kakaizuanan. a seturuku qaqaciyan tu pupicul aya siqivuwan, aza uqaljaqaljay sasaiquan a qemaljup, a vavayavayan macaqu a cempu, cemupu ta katje hanan, quljaw neka venuta.   

=== seediq zuku ===
aza milimiligan nase seediq zuku a qapurut imaza mudanyin(牡丹岩) a gadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan, puliaw a padjavat semamaza i renai guan i truwan a kadjunangan. au lja za kakaizuanan kedri a maqati sitaleman a kadjunangan, maumalj patjavat a tgdaya, toda, truku aicu a tjelu a qinaljan. ka itua tjelu taiday a caviljan, aza mapulju a seediq padjavat semamaza tucu a kalingu, papirazek tua masan niamadju a bunka, paljazua ta kai niamadju.

=== sakiraya zuku ===
sakiraya zuku kizuanan i hualen cilay lizuk, kemasi kaledep liwu pana, navalj muka pana, kicevung ta kacedas a taipingyan, kicaing ta i viri a cilay gadu, kasicuayan izua puluq a qinaljan. ka 17 anan na uranda kata sipanya a cavilj, aza itua rikisi sinivecik “sakiraya” aya, au za napatjavat qemuma a pairang nu qivu ta hualien “cilay” (pinairangan kilay), nu tja pacunan ka taiday a sangasan a cavilj, aicu a sakiraya zuku nase hualien kaledepan a qaca sapupicul a zuku caucau. ka 1878 a cavilj, aza cinting sihu a saseman djaljan sa qepui a kacalisian, mamu pakalivu ta “takuhuan maqaqeci” (tjalian makakuda aya rikisi), maciul a sakiraya kata kemalan kilivu ta cinting manu makilu. kapuaming a maqaqeci, aza cincau a sividay manu kisan ta paqeciv, linglingen za na kicaciul ta malivu a sakiraya sauing kitjuaya ta kadjunangan, sikavan za navaljut a caucau naseceker akiqilja tua i ami zuku a qinaljan, utauta vaik a mata malji a kadjunangan semanumaq. kemasizuanga maqulip a sakiraya i tua rikisi, masan pivaivaik a zuku. ka minku siva puluq unem cavilj icigac tapuluq sa pitju a qadaw, pasavelic 129 a cavilj anga, djemulung 17 a cavilj takina laruqan, aicu a sakiraya maumalj a makeljan, masan sikapuluq sa tjelu a kacalisian zuku i taiwan.

== kai ==
imaza izua a cinyukukan, pinairangan, nginaingayngan, ’inamizukuan, tinrukuan kata sinakizayan.

== kinsic ==
a papi mirazek ta kinsic i hici tja sinan pazangal a i pasaledep viriviran, pasaledep tja liaw a kakituluan (ceci kuba) pasacedasan avan za tja babulayan a kakaizuanan(huatun) kata hualien minatu, pasacemedas virian avan za milun kubakubavan, pasacemedasan navalj avan za demudut ta ljavekan (navalj, viri), sedjelj a kaizuangata umaq kata ika sinanguwaq a kadjunangan, aza hici kata tja sasaw nama pualang a maljianan.

=== nugiu ===
hualien hici tja pazangal ta kanasiubay, sikavan za qemuma a sengesengan ika mamaw ta tjuqinaljan a mirazek, a sinansangsan a remacevan a kadjunangan ipasa ledepan viriviri a kucian(國強) li, kucin(國慶) li kata kuvu(國福) li. aza talem angata izua hualiensu,paday,djeljeseljesem a kamangulj,paday,djulis,tjanes liaw a kinsic a racev, kata keri a puciqavan.

=== kuba ===
milun kubakubavan (美崙工業區)

taiwan simintu i kalingu (台灣水泥花蓮廠) 

asiya simintu i kalingu (亞洲水泥花蓮營業所、儲運站) 

kalingu minatu (花蓮港)  

taiwan kuba pakata ljataladj ljavek a zaljum (台灣海洋深層水股份有限公司)  

taiwan puliaw i kalingu (台灣肥料公司花蓮廠)

ciuku kuba pakata vadjuljayan (中國鋼鐵公司石料處理廠) 

=== siubay ===
aicu tjalja temlidu a djalan i hualien hici avan i cungcen djalan, cunghua djalan, cungsan djalan, au patatevelem kata i palingu gucewei (溝仔尾), sinandrusa lienheli, sinantjelu lienheli masan siubaybayan.      

== sinupuan==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sinupuan
|-
|daigaku
|-
|na sihu dunghua daigaku 
|-
|zeci(慈濟) daigaku 
|-
|zeci keci(科技) daigaku 
|-
|na sihu kungcung(空中) daigaku
|-
|kaucung a gaku
|-
|kalingu kaucung a gaku
|-
|na vavayan kaucung a gaku i kalingu
|-
|yili kaucung a gaku
|-
|na sihu kalingu tatuluan ta pakata kemuda pavelid a sengsengan a gaku
|-
|na sihu kalingu tatuluan ta pakata kuba a sengsengan a gaku
|-
|na sihu kalingu tatuluan ta pakata kemuda pavelid katua nua paciqaw a sengsengan a gaku
|-
|na kalingu king pakata undu kaucung 
|-
|kaucung a gaku nua zeci daigaku
|-
|kuzing sewi(四維) kaucung a gaku
|-
|kuzing haysin(海星) kaucung a gaku
|-
|gaku na kutjung
|-
|gaku na kutjung a zecian(自強)
|-
|gaku na kutjung a huakang(花崗)
|-
|gaku na kutjung a milun(美崙)
|-
|gaku na kutjung a kuvung(國風)
|-
|kutjung a gaku nua kaucung a gaku kitjeljc zeci daigaku 
|}

== kakipucemelan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|kakipucemelan
|-
|kakipucemelan a mennu(門諾)
|-
|kakipucemelan nua zeci
|-
|kakipucemelan a hualien nua wyvupu
|-
|kakipucemelan a kalingu nua sivitai a kuga 
|-
|kakipucemelan a kutai(國泰)
|-
|isenavan a hualien hici
|-
|isenavan nua kalingu king
|}

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''kisiya a djalan'''
|-
|taiwan kisiya kanricy  
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan kemasi kalinku pasa taitu
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i pasa viri
|-
|disiaba i kalingu
|-
|'''kunglu'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW8.svg|23px]] masanvalulj a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW9.svg|23px]] masansivalj a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW9c.svg|23px]] masansivalj a bin(丙) a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW11.svg|23px]] masansimuluq sa ita a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW11a.svg|23px]] masansimuluq sa ita a cia(甲) a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW11c.svg|23px]] masansimuluq sa ita a bin(丙) a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW14a.svg|23px]] masansimuluq sa sepatj a cia(甲) a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW23.svg|23px]] masandrusapuluq sa tjelu a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW30.svg|23px]] masan tjelu a puluq sa tjelu a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|'''vinaciqan ta djalan'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_CHW193.svg|23px]] itaiday siva puluq sa tjelu a vinaciqan           
|-
|'''basu'''
|-
|basu a ding dung
|-
|basu a ku kang
|-
|basu a kalingu
|-
|basu a tairuku
|-
|basu a kamalan
|-
|basu kemasi taipaq pasa kalingu a tjaljavavavan ta djalan
|-
|basu a taipaq 
|-
|basu a dunglian
|-
|basu a sudu 
|-
|basu a hici nua kalingu king
|-
|'''hikugiu'''
|-
|kalingu hikugiu       
|-
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek
|-
|kalingu a minatu 
|}

== kivangavangan ==
花蓮東大門國際觀光夜市 hualien dungdamen yachi

松園別館sunyen umaq (na ripun sivitai a kinaizuanan) 

花蓮文化創意產業園區 hualien a sengsengan kakudanan umaq

花蓮石雕博物館 kalinguking sasqetjan ta paridiu a sicuacuayan a nanemanga umaq pakata vincikan ta qaciljay

花蓮鐵道文化園區 hualien pakata kisiya a djalan a kakudanan umaq

花蓮天主教文物館 hualien pakata tienzuciaw sinan papaljizavan tua nemangamanga umaq 

台灣原住民族文化館 taiwan kacalisian kakudanan umaq

美崙山公園 milun gadu kakivangavangan

花蓮觀光漁港 kalingu sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek 

美崙夜市 milun yachi
== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>k9v99hvlfzypxpkfvzn1nowc3ljpbsu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Idjiputu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>39</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12155</id>
      <parentid>11560</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-03-16T12:13:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Minorax</username>
        <id>17</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12155</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1052" sha1="hkg3l5xajdr8dnnljtj6i9oj2zaf2kw" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''Idjiputu''' &lt;br&gt; جمهورية مصر العربية
|-
| flag ||&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Flag of Egypt.svg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|-
| vinecikan||
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Coat of arms of Egypt (Official).svg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|-
 |Paketu nakukka||《ku kukka (بلادي بلادي بلادي)》[[sineqetj a vecik:Bilady, Bilady, Bilady.ogg]]
|-
! Kai  !!
|-
| kai nakukka || Arabia
|-
| vecik nakukka || Arabia
|-
!  sihu !!
|-
| vusam na kukka || عبد الفتاح سعيد حسين خليل السيسي ‎‎
|-
| sihuciu || شريف إسماعيل
|-
| lipuinciu || 
|-

!  kadjunangan !!
|-
| penuljat || 1,001,449&amp;nbsp;km^2
|-
| pana || 0.6%
|-
!  Gini &amp; HDI&amp;GDP !!
|-
| Gini (2014) || 
|-
| HDI (2014) || 0.682
|-
| GDP  ||  11,050.39
|-
! caucau  !!
|-
| penuljat || 93,453,000
|-
| zuku || 
|}

'''Idjiputu''' ( جمهورية مصر العربية) a patjatjukuda i tua namapatjadrusa a kakadjunanganan a pasakacedas a viri tua avirika (Africa) katua pasakaledep a navalj tua asiya (Asia).</text>
      <sha1>hkg3l5xajdr8dnnljtj6i9oj2zaf2kw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Israil</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>40</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12620</id>
      <parentid>12177</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-18T06:07:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kaizuan */</comment>
      <origin>12620</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8199" sha1="4ijm2ecgovb1fs6tij36we7bh43ikda" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border
|+''Israil  יִשְׂרָאֵל‎‎‎''
|-
| flag ||[[File:Flag of Israel.svg|frameless|center]]
|-
| vinecikan||[[File:Coat of arms of Israel.svg|frameless|center|upright]]
|-
|Paketu nakukka||《הַתִּקְוָה‎》[[sineqetj a vecik:Hatikvah instrumental.ogg]]
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|[[sineqetj a vecik:ISR orthographic.svg|frameless|center]]
|-
! Kai  !!
|-
| kai nakukka || Arabia
|-
| vecik nakukka || Arabia
|-
!  sihu !!
|-
| vusam na kukka || Reuven Rivlin  
|-
| sihuciu || Benjamin Netanyahu
|-
| lipuinciu || 
|-

!  kadjunangan !!
|-
| penuljat || 22,072&amp;nbsp;km^2
|-
| pana || 2.12%
|-
!  Gini &amp; HDI&amp;GDP !!
|-
| Gini (2014) || 
|-
| HDI (2014) || 0.682
|-
| GDP  ||  11,050.39
|-
! caucau  !!
|-
| penuljat || 93,453,000
|-
| zuku || 
|}

Israil (מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל‎‎‎；دَوْلَة إِسْرَائِيل‎‎)

yiselje a kunian (kai a sibulai(希伯來):מְדִינַת יִשְׂרָאֵל‬；kai a alabu(阿拉伯)：دَوْلَة إِسْرَائِيل, pinaka yiselje auta (kai a sibulai(希伯來):יִשְׂרָאֵל；kai a alabu(阿拉伯)：إِسْرَائِيل‎；kai a luma(羅馬)：Isrāʾīl)，mavan a kunian a kisumadju a rarasudjan. ka 1948 a caviljan sikalima a qiljasan tapuluq sa sepatj a qadavan tazua masan ta kuni tiamadju. izua tu siva a taiday a kudrav a caucau. sedjelj a Yehudim (yutai a caucau nua aya). pakata kai na kuga mavan a sibulai a kai kata inamilikan.

yiselje imaza i asia kata eurup(歐洲) a macacevungan, mavan auta a tjatjuruvuan a zuku a kakaizuanan. a kadjunangan imaza i pasaviri a 阿拉伯半島, a i pasakacedas a 地中 a ljavek(地中海) kata i pasaviri ta 紅 a ljavek(紅海) a 亞喀巴灣, nakidjekec kata balesetan(巴勒斯坦) a kadjunangan. a i viri nakidjekec kata 黎巴嫩, a i pasakacedas a viri kicaing tua 敘利亞, a i pasakacedas kicaing tua 約旦&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20130112193851/http://www.state.gov/p/nea/ci/pt/ Palestinian Territories]. State.gov. 2008-04-22 [2012-12-26]. （[http://www.state.gov/p/nea/ci/pt/ 原始內容]存檔於2013-01-12）.&lt;/ref&gt;, a i pasakaledep a navalj kicaing tua 埃及西奈半島.

ayatua inika qaca a pinaljavakan a yiselje, pakata 聯合國 a piniliq a kanri a penenetj ka  1947 a caviljan,  izua 1.52 a kudrav km² a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan.nasecevung ta pusepatj a maqaqeci, izua tu 2.5 a kudrav km² a paqulidan a  pinaljavakan tucu, izua tu 470 km kemasi viri patje navalj aicu a kadjunangan, izua tu 135 km tja qaca kemasi kacedas patje kaledep, a kinalangan nua kadjunangan ladruladruq au tjaljikedri pasakacedas patje kaledep. avan sika maretimaljimalji a alangan a kadjunangan kata kalevelevan.&lt;ref&gt;Israel. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 2012-11-20 [2012-12-03]. （原始內容存檔於2018-12-25）.&lt;/ref&gt; aza 特拉維夫 mavan a vecekadan a remagingku kata keci vaquan a hici, au a 耶路撒冷 mavan a tjaljavavavan a sihu a kaizuanan. ljakua izuanan a munday i kacauan patjara djemadjas tua manguaqan na i 耶路撒冷 azua sihu na yiselje.  

==kakaian==
sinipasemalaw a kakaian a hibru nua sihu a israil. ljakua pazangal aravac uta a kakaian a arabik imaza i israil.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-44881554 Israel approves 'Jewish nation state' law]. BBC News. 2018-07-19 [2018-07-21]. （原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20190212071611/https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-44881554 存檔]於2019-02-12）.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/18/world/middleeast/israel-passes-national-home-law.html Israel Passes ‘National Home’ Law, Drawing Ire of Arabs]. The New York Times. 2018-07-19 [2018-07-21]. （原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20181224205821/https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/18/world/middleeast/israel-passes-national-home-law.html%20 存檔]於2018-12-24） （英語）.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/is.html Israel]. The World Factbook. Central Intelligence Agency. 2012-11-20 [2012-12-03]. （原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20181224211321/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/is.html 存檔]於2018-12-25）.&lt;/ref&gt; sinikiljavaran a kakaian a hibru nua tjatjuruvu a caucau a seisrail. ljakua izua uta a sinipatatevelak a maretimaljimalji a kakaian imaza ayatua izuazua a tjuruvu a caucau a sezumazuma a kunian i kacauan.

==kinatuluan==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Shave Ziyyon (Shavei Tzion) sign.jpg|thumb|right|sivecivecik a kakaian a hibru, kakaian a amilika, katua kakaian a arabik a sikeljangan tua djalan.]]
aicu a i serayru namasan tjaljavavavan tua sinupuan katua kinituluan nua marekasikata’aljan i tua i pasamaza i 中東地區, makaya a kiamaw tua 韓國 nu pitjanuitjen a pasakacedas a cawcauan a [[marekakunian]], nu pimaza i kacauan tua marekakunian sakamasan drusa a pulu’ saka ita a pasa’ayavan.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/edu_sch_lif_exp_tot-education-school-life-expectancy-total NationMaster - Statistics &gt; School life expectancy]. [2007-03-27]. （原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20070405130858/http://www.nationmaster.com/graph/edu_sch_lif_exp_tot-education-school-life-expectancy-total 存檔]於2007-04-05）.&lt;/ref&gt; nu semusu tua vecik a kemasi 聯合國, a keljangan tua vecik nua ta’alja’aljan, tiamadju uta a se’iserayru a tjaljaturuvuan ta i maza i 中東地區 tua kunian.&lt;ref&gt;[http://hdr.undp.org/en/reports/global/2005/pdf/HDR05_HDI.pdf United Nations Development Programme Report 2005 (PDF)]. [2007-03-27]. （原始內容存檔 (PDF)於2007-06-20）.&lt;/ref&gt;

a situluan a penetj na se’iserayru, azua a pinaka i vecekadan a situluan namasantjelulj, a patagilj a kitulu(’icininsi a talju rukuninsi), kukumingaku, sa talju a 高級中學, azua a kuletj nua sihu tua kitulu nua taramacidicidilj kemasi ’icininsi a talju kukumingaku. aicu a namatucu a situluan patjeljapadjulu tua siking tua sisupu ta daygaku niamadju, azua a sisikingan kinasi tua maretemaljimalji a kamuku, izua 希伯來語, 英語, sikisangan (數學), pakatua [[Kai nua Cemas|sisiw]] a situluan (聖經教育), pakatua na sikata’aljan (公民學), katua 文學. izua a zuma a pinili’an a siking a maru(化學,法語 ) . ka i 2003anga a caviljan, izua a 56.4%a pasatjuruvu a situ a namakalap tua semupu tua daygaku, azua a se希伯來語a situ izua a 57.4% a pasatjuruvu, ‘aw a se拉伯阿語 a situ izua 50.7%.

azua a namakalap tua semadaygaku a semupu a situ, makaya a semupu tua tjaivavav a kakituluan a gaku. azua a marekadaygaku tjara izua a maretimalji a kulet tua vavavan a tinsu tua sialapan tua gaku, saka sinikinemenem uta a 心理測驗 (maru na ‘arimika a SAT). ayatua sihu a nalemingedjelj tuazua a mareka gaku, sika kedri a sivaivai a paysu tua sisupu nua marekasitu. a i ‘iserayru izua a alu a daygaku katua tjaiteku ta daygaku a izua a tjelu a pulu’ katu izua a pasaliav. saka nu kisusu tua i 2006 a caviljan nua Webometrcs, a i 中東地區 a tjalja vavavan a tapulu’ a daygaku, izua a matapitju i maza i ’iserayru, azua a ’aya’ayavan a matasepatj a daygaku sedelj a se’iserayru.

==kakukakudan==
sikakukakudan nua caucau a yutay aicu a palisian a yutay katua cinalivatan niamadju ka caviljan a mareka kuzulj, mavan a kakukakudan nua i israil. a imaza i israil izua tjuruvu a taqaljaqaljan nua seyutay a kemasi tua zumanga a pinaljavakan a kunian. manasika kaizuazua a maretimaljimalji a sikudakuda tua kininemeneman. a i kacauan a sipasemalaw a paqulid namin a kunian a israil aicu a kakaian a hibru (Hebrew language).

==kininemeneman tua venecik==
tjalialiaw izua sivecivecik a kakaian a hibru tua kinemeneman tua venecik nua i israil. kininemeneman nua i israil tua venecik aza cinalivatan nua sinipapirazekan a kakaian a hibru tua tjaljapazangal a sinikiljavaran tucu. sivecivecik a sikiljavaran nua tjatjuruvu a caucau i israil aza kakaian a hibru kemasi tua ka 1800 a caviljan a patje ka 1900 a caviljan.

==iga==
pinapuliguan tua tjaljabulayan a iga nua kakaian a seqaljaqalja nua auskar (The Oscars)  izuanga matjapuluq a iga a seisrail kemasi tua sinankunian a israil.

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>4ijm2ecgovb1fs6tij36we7bh43ikda</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Isubya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>41</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12361</id>
      <parentid>12318</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-08T05:54:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* midiya (Media) */+s</comment>
      <origin>12361</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8087" sha1="hfvponoo5dvbph7ur8ki7mlsef8ixca" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''Isubya'''&lt;br&gt;ኢትዮጵያ （kukka i Africa）
|-
| flag ||&lt;gallery&gt;
sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Ethiopia.svg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|-
| vinecikan||
&lt;gallery&gt;
sineqetj a vecik:Coat of arms of Ethiopia.svg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|-
|Paketu nakukka||《ወደፊት ገስግሺ ውድ እናት ኢትዮጵያ 》&lt;div style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:Wedefit_Gesgeshi_Widd_Innat_Ittyoppya.ogg]]&lt;/div&gt;
|-
! Kai  !!
|-
| kai nakukka || Amharan
|-
| vecik nakukka || Geqez
|-
!  sihu !!
|-
| cungtung || ሙላቱ ተሾመ
|-
| sihuciu || ኃይለማሪያም ደሳለኝ
|-
! GDP  !!
|-
| penuljat || 1,704,830,000,000 $
|-
!  kadjunangan !!
|-
| penuljat || 1,104,300&amp;nbsp;km^2&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20200529092733/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/rankorder/2147rank.html&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| pana || 0%
|-
!  Gini &amp; HDI !!
|-
| Gini (2014) || 30
|-
| HDI (2014) || 0.442
|-
! caucau  !!
|-
| penuljat || 82,101,998
|-
| zuku ||Urumu（34.49%）, Amhara（26.9%）, Soomaaliyeed（6.2%）
|}
aicu a '''isubya (Ethiopia)''' (Amharan: የኢትዮጵያ ፈደራላዊ ዲሞክራሲያዊ ሪፐብሊክ) a i pasakacedas tua sumalia (Somalia); a i pasakacedas a viri tua djibuti (Djibouti); a i pasaviri tua ericiya (Eritrea); a i pasanavalj tua kenya (Kenya); a i pasakaledep a viri tua sudan (Sudan). penuljat taicu a 1,100,000 km² a pasalavaan na pinaljavakan na sihu a isubya a kadjunangan. mavan a qadjav a 117,000,000 aicu sinisupuan tua caucau nua isubya a vavecikan ka 2021 a cavilj.&lt;ref&gt;https://worldpopulationreview.com/countries/ethiopia-population&lt;/ref&gt; sa sikamasanmusalj aicu a sinisupuan tua caucau nua isubya a tjatjuruvu i tua avrika (Africa); aza tjatjuruvu a sikamasansimuluq sa drusa i tua kacauan.&lt;ref&gt;https://population.un.org/wpp/&lt;/ref&gt;

==kadjunangan==
namaya tua kadjunangan na boliviya (Bolivia), mavananga sikamasandrusapuluq sa alu a isubya a tjaqaca i tua kacauan, ayatu sasusuan aicu a 1,104,300 km² tua pasalavaan a pinaljavakan nua isubya a kadjunangan.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/ethiopia/&lt;/ref&gt;

a i pasaviri aicu a isubya tua ericiya (Eritrea). zumanga a kukka a i ljaljaqetian nua isubya izua djibuti (Djibouti), sumaliland (Somaliland), sumaliya (Somalia), kenya (Kenya), kanavalj a sudan (South Sudan) katua sudan (Sudan) nu pitua sasusuan nua tuki.

===kinaqadaqadavan===

==cinalivatan==
[[likisi]] nua isubya.

==caucau==
==kai==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Languages of Ethiopia piechart.svg|thumb|right|300px|kinakaian nua i isubya]]
aicu a ''Ethnologue'' a tja sinikeljangan a ta siljingasan a sasupuan tu matjasivapuluq izua kinakaian i tua isubya.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ethnologue.com/country/ET&lt;/ref&gt; kiniljavaran nua caucau a isubya aicu a kai a kusitik (''Cushitic'') katua kai a semitik (''Semitic''). kinusitikan (kai a kusitik) nua caucau a sumalis (''Somalis'') izua kakaian na urumu (''Oromo language''). sinemitikan (kai a semitik) nua caucau a tigrayans (''Tigrayans'') izua kakaian na amharik (''Amharic''). kiniljavaran nua zumanga a caucau aicu a kakaian nua kusitik matu kai a sidamu (''Sidamo''), kai a avar (''Afar''), kai a hadiya (''Hadiyya'') katua kai a agaw (''Agaw''); izua uta a kakaian nua semitik matu kakaian nua guradj (''Gurage''), kai a harari (''Harari''), kai a silet (''Silt'e''), katua kai a areguba (''Argobba'').&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20190208061518/http://www.csa.gov.et/index.php/census-report/census-tables/category/301-census-tables?download=655:countrylevel&lt;/ref&gt; sa izuanan a kai a arabik (''Arabic'') a sikiljavaran nua caucau a mavekelj.&lt;ref&gt;https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=2Is2nUM-5UQC&amp;pg=PA143&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false&lt;/ref&gt;

a i pasanavalj tua qinaljan nua umutik (''Omotic'') izua kinaljavaran a kakaian nua umutik (''Omotic languages''), matu maretimaljimalji a kinakaian, izua kinakaian a ari (''Aari''), a benci (''Bench''), a dime (''Dime''), a dizin (''Dizin''), a gamu-guva-dauru (''Gamo-Gofa-Dawro''), a ma'ale (''Maale''), a hamer (''Hamer''), katua kinakaian a ulayta (''Wolaytta'').&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Country Level&quot;. 2007 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia. CSA. 13 July 2010. Archived from the original on 8 February 2019. Retrieved 18 January 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

a i pasanavalj a kaledep tua kinacemekeljan nua nilu-saharan (''Nilo-Saharan'') izua zumanga a kakaian i tua isubya, matu kinakaian a nuer (''Nuer''), a anuak (''Anuak''), a anyangatum (''Nyangatom''), a maljang (''Majang''), a suri (''Suri''), a me'en (''Me'en''), katua kinakaian a muresi (''Mursi'').&lt;ref&gt;&quot;Country Level&quot;. 2007 Population and Housing Census of Ethiopia. CSA. 13 July 2010. Archived from the original on 8 February 2019. Retrieved 18 January 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;

na kiljavaran a tjatjuruvu aicu a caucau nua isubya tua kai amilika, ayatua sinitulutulu aza kai amilika tua situ i gaku i tua isubya imaza. sinivecikan aicu a kai amilika tua sinanrarasudjan nua ''gazette'' a sihu a isubya imaza.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20191104223222/https://www.fsc.gov.et/Content/Negarit%20Gazeta/Negarit%20Gazeta/Gazeta-1987/Proc%20No.%203-1995%20Federal%20Negarit%20Gazeta%20Establishment%20.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;

==paljavakan==
matja 9 a senhun kata 2 a zesiase i Isubya tucu. 

[[sineqetj a vecik:Ethiopia regions numbered.png|thumb|300px|Isubya]]
==kinatuluan==
kinituluan nua situ a isubya a unem a cavilj i tua gakku a kedrikedri.&lt;ref&gt;https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=RROdAAAAMAAJ&amp;redir_esc=y&lt;/ref&gt;

tjatjuruvu izua situ a kitulutulu i gakku kemasi tua kacavilj a 1994 a patje kacavilj a 2008.

sasusuan tua situ i gakku a kedrikedri aza qadjav a 3,000,000 kemasi tua 1994 a patje 1995 a cavilj. saka patje kacavilj a 2008, sasusuan tua situ i gakku a kedrikedri aza qadjav a 15,500,000.&lt;ref&gt;Engel, Jakob. &quot;Ethiopia's progress in education: A rapid and equitablension of access – Summary&quot; (PDF). Development Progress. Overseas Development Institute. Retrieved 13 May 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;

sikeljang itjen aicu a venaruvarung tua kinatuluan nua i isubya i kacaviljan a 1994, patjara kinacaquan nua caucau a vavecikan i isubya, qadav izua 23.4% a caucau tu kemeljang tiamadju a vavecikan nua kai a isubya.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ethnologue.com/country/ET&lt;/ref&gt;

==kakukakudan==
===pinapungadan===
matevelj a ngadan nua kama katua ngadan nua vuvu a uqaljay nu pinapungadan a kakedriyan nua caucau a isubya.
==sipacacikelan==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Addis Ababa Light Rail vehicle, March 2015.jpg|thumb|right|250px|pacacikel a kisiya i ''Addis Ababa'']]
kaladruqan nua djalan a kisiya izua 656 km i vecekadan tua ''Addis Ababa'' katua puvarukuran nua djibuti (''the Port of Djibouti'') a pacacikelan.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.railwaygazette.com/infrastructure/ethiopia-djibouti-railway-inaugurated/43302.article&lt;/ref&gt; sa kemasi tua ''Addis Ababa'' a patje ''Dessie'' katua ''Kombolcha'', a i vecekadan izua 270 km a kaladruqan nua djalan a kisiya. &lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20170802170326/http://akhrailway.com/index.php/about-project/project-summary&lt;/ref&gt;

==midiya (Media)==
kinateveteveljan nua sihu a isubya aicu a ''EBC'' (Ethiopian Broadcasting Corporation) a sinipasemalavan, kineljangan aza ETV uta, a kipusalimaliman tua tinse i isubya.

tjaljatjengelayan a caucau taicu a tinse a kana (Kana TV) a i isubya.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ipsnews.net/2017/12/ethiopias-new-addiction-says-media-freedom/#:~:text=“Kana”%20translates%20as%20something%20between,of%20the%20prime%20time%20market&lt;/ref&gt; sinaniga nua tinse a kana aicu a iga a kasi zumanga a kukka. sipapuvecivecik niamadju a vavecikan a amrarik (Amharic) tua maretimaljimalji a kinakaian i taza iga.

==sinansenayan==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Mahmoud Ahmed.JPG|thumb|right|200px|aicu a kisansemenasenay ti ma'emud (Mahmoud Ahmed) seguradj (Gurage) nua i isubya.]]
izua lialiaw a maretimaljimalji a sisenayan aicu a kai katua kakudakudan nua matjalupuluq a tjaljaqinaljan i isubya imaza. sivaruvarung aicu a &quot;tizita&quot; a vinecikan nua kinakudanan a sinasenayan a se isubya tu tjemaucikel tua mamazangiljan, lalinguljan, sasudjuan katua zumanga pacugan.

==kaizuanan==</text>
      <sha1>hfvponoo5dvbph7ur8ki7mlsef8ixca</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Jianshi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
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      <comment>/* kivangavangan */</comment>
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      <text bytes="8093" sha1="1drrjwihyt90cre7cgsv34mkmokaujz" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;  align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''nahuy''' &lt;br&gt;(jianshi gu)&lt;br&gt;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:司馬庫斯 Smangus - panoramio (11).jpg|thumb|center|qinaljan a smangus]]
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|hsinchu king
|-
|kisanlalaing ta pangaljan nua kaizuanan
|曾國大
|-
|sasupuan tua pasalavaan na kadjunangan
|527.5795 km2
|-
|sasupuan tua caucau
|ma 9,599 a caucau
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Jianshih Township.PNG|thumb|center|inuan i jianshi]] 
|-
|}

Jianshi（尖石鄉）

Jianshi gu icuwa i Hsinchu. ala atjunangn mapuljat 522.98&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang  397.38&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 114.53&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 9,456 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 2,825 a daceneqlan, Tayal (91%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

imaza a kinapungadan aicu a nahuy na siayaya a kakaian na tayal. a i tjaikacedas a navalj a nahuy i tua hsinchu king na [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. sipaljavaljavak na sihu tucu ta nahuy a jianshi gu. pulingetjan a kadjunangan naicu a pinaljavakan a 527.5795 km² imaza. pinaljavakan aicu a jianshi gu a tjaljaqaca i tua hsinchu king. kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadugadu imaza a kemasi ta 200m a patje 2000m. kinaizuan aicu a qinaljan na caucau se tayal imaza. na semanumaq a ngaingai kata zuma a zuku se ciuku tjaivililj.

papungadan a sihu tucu tamaza ta jianshi. a kakaian na ciuku a siayaya a jianshi taza tjagulj a ita imaza ayatua nginiraqan a kadjunangan na veljeluan na yulje.

==kadjunangan==
tjaikacedas aicu a nahuy ta [[Datong|minnao]] na yilan king; tjaikacedas a viri ta [[Fuxing|fuxing gu]] na taoyuan; tjaiviri ta [[Guanxi|guanxi gu]]; tjainavalj ta [[Tai’an|taian]] na miaoli king; tjaikaledep ta [[Wufeng|tatoba']] kata hengshan gu.

==cinalivatan==
na sipaljavak nia dripung taza lizuk a sihu na hsinchu ciu kacavilj a 1920. tjaiteku a pinaljavakan ta hsinchu ciu aicu a zhudong kun. imaza a pasakacedas a viri ta zhudong kun aicu a pinaljavakan na pukinsacan a zhudong. ljakua izua za 玉峰村 na jianshi gu tucu a tazua pinaljavakan na taki kun(大溪郡).

===kikarivuanan i tapong===
i tapong a gaduan izua tjelu a kikarivuanan na tayal ta dripung a kemasi ta kacavilj a 1910 a patje kacavilj a 1913.

===kiqecevan na tayal i syakaro===
malailaing ti sakuma samata se dripung a kata sivitay nimadju a mangetjez a semamaza kacavilj a 1913. kiqecev a tayal ta sivitay se dripung a kemasi tazua kacavilj a 1913 a patje kacavilj a 1926. mavan pinavavecikan nia tayal kata dripung aicu a 埋石之盟 a semkez taza kikarivuanan tjaivililj.

==paljavak tua atjunang==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Jianshi Rock, Jianshi Township, Taiwan, 20150415.jpg|thumb|200px|veljeluan na yulje a pasa taicu a tjagulj imaza]]
matja 7 qinaljan i Jianshi. matja 49 qinaljan imaza, Mkzihing（義興部落）, Mkmatuy（馬胎部落）, Ｐiling（比麟部落）, Paqiy（吹上部落）, Yutak（小錦屏部落）, Kbaqeh（那羅一部落）, Cinbulan（那羅二、三部落）, Kuxan（那羅四部落）, Ageq（那羅五部落）, Micista（那羅六部落）, Mknahuy（拿互伊部落）, Mksuzing（麥樹仁部落）, Mklapay（加拉排部落）, Lkuxan（過水橋部落）, Hbun-Rangay（下水田部落）, Mkslaq（上水田部落）, Qalang-Qwayux（武漢部落）, Hbun-Qramay（煤源部落）, Pololan（福祿灣部落）, Uraw（宇老部落）, Libu（李埔部落）, Llyung（馬里光部落）, Ulay（烏來部落）, Batul（泰平部落）, Ｍami（馬美部落）, Ｑuri（石磊部落）, Ｐlmwan（平論文部落）, Tayax（抬耀部落）, Ponaway（帛納外部落）, Smangus（司馬庫斯部落）, Thyakan（泰崗部落）, Smangus（斯馬庫斯部落）, Cinsbu（鎮西堡部落）, Yuluw（養老部落）, Gowryu（合流部落）, Rahaw（拉號部落）, Cyocuy（鳥嘴部落）, Hbun kramay（煤源中部落）, Hbun-tunan（控溪部落）, Kin lwan（錦路部落）, Qolu（上田埔部落）, Qyuws（下田埔部落）, Hbun-lesa（合汶壘上部落）, Metapay（梅達拜部落）, M’yutak（梅阿尤達克部落）, Mrmurak（梅拉姆拉克部落）, Spwan（司普萬部落）, Melukux（梅魯庫互部落）, Metuiy（梅杜依部落）.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center&quot;
|+maretimaljimalji a qinaljan i jianshigu
|-
! qinaljan !! cun katua li !! lin !!分區
|-
| mkzihing (義興部落) || rowspan=&quot;2&quot;|義興村|| 1-2 lin ||rowspan=&quot;27&quot;| 前山
|-
| mkmatuy (馬胎部落) ||6-9 lin
|-
| mklapay (加拉排部落) || rowspan=&quot;3&quot;| 嘉樂村 || 8-10 lin
|-
| mksuzing || 4-5 lin
|-
| mknahuy || 3 lin
|-
| hbun-Qramay (煤源部落) || rowspan=&quot;8&quot;| 新樂村 || 10 lin
|-
| hbun kramay (煤源中部落) || 10 lin
|-
| pololan (福祿灣部落) || 4 lin
|-
| qalang-qwayux (武漢部落) || 8-9 lin
|-
| cyocuy (鳥嘴部落) || 8 lin
|-
| rahaw (拉號部落) || 11 lin
|-
| hbun-rangay (上水田部落) || 1-4 lin
|-
| hbun-rangay (下水田部落) || 5-7 lin
|-
| yutak (小錦屏部落) || rowspan=&quot;8&quot;| 錦屏村 || 4-5 lin
|-
| piling (比麟部落)  || 2 lin
|-
| paqiy (吹上部落) || 6 lin
|-
| kbaqeh (那羅一部落)|| 7-8 lin
|-
| cinbulan (那羅二、三部落) || 9-10 lin
|-
| kuxan (那羅四部落) || 11 lin 
|-
| ageq (那羅五部落) || 12 lin 
|-
| micista (那羅六部落) || 13 lin 
|-
| metapay (梅達拜部落) || rowspan=&quot;6&quot;| 梅花村 || 1-3 lin 
|-
| m'yutak (梅阿尤達克部落)  || 4-5 lin 
|-
| mrmurak (梅拉姆拉克部落) || 6-7 lin 
|-
| melukux (梅魯庫互部落)|| 8 lin 
|-
| metuiy (梅杜依部落) || 9 lin 
|-
| spwan (司普萬部落)  || 7 lin 
|-
| hbun-tunan (控溪部落) || rowspan=&quot;8&quot;|秀巒村|| 4-5 lin ||rowspan=&quot;18&quot;| 後山
|-
| cinsbu (鎮西堡部落) || 9 lin
|-
| qolu (上田埔部落) || 1 lin
|-
| qyuws (下田埔部落) || 2-3 lin
|-
| smangus-knazi (斯馬庫斯部落)  || 8 lin
|-
| kin lwan (錦路部落) || 10-11 lin
|-
| thyakan (泰崗部落) || 6-7 lin
|-
| yuluw (養老部落) || 12 lin
|-
| smangus-mrqwang (司馬庫斯部落) || rowspan=&quot;10&quot;|玉峰村|| 14 lin
|-
| mami (馬美部落) || 8 lin
|-
| quri (石磊部落) || 9-10 lin 
|-
| tayax (抬耀部落) || 12鄰
|-
| uraw (宇老部落)  || 1-2 lin
|-
| llyung (馬里光部落) ||4-5 lin
|-
| batul (泰平部落)  || 7 lin
|-
| plmwan (平論文部落)  || 11 lin
|-
| ponaway (帛納外部落) || 13 lin
|-
| libu (李埔部落) || 3 lin
|-
|}

===pinaljavakan===
{| border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;wikitable&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;background:#FA8000&quot; | &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;'''pinaljavakan a jianshi gu'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-----
| align=&quot;right&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Jianshi villages2.svg|250px]]
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+penuljat ta caucau na cun a maljian&lt;sub&gt;(kaqiljas a 12 na kacavilj a 2020)&lt;/sub&gt;
!cun!!lin!!paljingan!!penuljat ta&lt;br /&gt;uqaljay!!penuljat ta&lt;br /&gt;vavayan!!penuljat ta&lt;br /&gt;caucau
|-
|玉峰村||14||416||940||900||1840
|-
|秀巒村||13||565||1200||1107||2307
|-
|梅花村||10||289||424||371||795
|-
|新樂村||13||506||777||756||1533
|-
|義興村||9||102||101||80||181
|-
|嘉樂村||14||392||511||446||957
|-
|錦屏村||13||482||800||737||1537
|-
!nahuy!!86!!2933!!5019!!4627!!9646
|}

==kinatuluan==
izua tapuluq saka ita a gakku a kedrikedri.

==sipacacikelan==

===palidring a djalan===
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW120.svg|縣道|23px]] sikamasan 120 a palidring a djalan na hsinchu king, a kemasi ta 橫山鄉 a patjemaza i nahuy(jianshi gu)

===basu na hsinchu===
*sikamasan 5625
*sikamasan 5631

==kivangavangan==
&lt;gallery&gt;
313, Taiwan, 新竹縣尖石鄉義興村 - panoramio (3).jpg|pinasasingan a ising cun 
Smangus.jpg|qinaljan a smangus
秀巒野溪溫泉 Xiuluan Natural Hot Spring - panoramio.jpg|cemevucevud a linalja i siuluan
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
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    <title>Jinfeng</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <timestamp>2022-10-16T12:50:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
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      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
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| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''kinzang'''

(金峰鄉)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Jinfong Township.svg|thumb|center|jinfeng]]
|-
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak (上級行政區劃)
|taitu(台東縣)
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan(舊稱)
|金崙、金山
|-
|sepaljavak(區劃)
|lima a mula ata tjelu a puluq kata unem (lining) (5村36鄰)
|-
|ihu(政府)

-guciu(鄉長)

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan/lalaingan tua semanrasudjan a tjaivavav

(行政機關)

-qinati a hulic a sihu(立法機關)
|


-蔣爭光(pacun ta guciu na kinzang.金峰鄉鄉長列表)

- nasekinzang a gukusiu  (金峰鄉公所)


-daihiyukay  na kinazang(金峰鄉民代表會)
|-
|tjaljiqaca a pulingetj/ pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan/sasusuan tua pasalavagan na katjunangan
(總面積)
|380.6635平方公里
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu /sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan(平均海拔)
|siva a taiday saka sepatj a puluq kata pitju a maru tadjekuacan(947公尺)
|-
|kinavadavadayan nua cawcaw(人口)

-susuan ta kinatjuruvan a caucau a supu/pinenuljatan na cawcaw (總數)

-( pita sasupuan)sikamasan(排名)

-pinaljingan(戶數)
|


-tjelu a kuzulj sa unem a taiday saka siva a  tapuluq kata pitju a caucau(3697人)(2021  a cavilj kata 1 a qiljas, 2021年1月)

- (第14)

-ita a kuzulj sa tataitai kata pitju a puluq  kata sepatj a paljingan(1174戶)
|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng(郵政編碼)
|964
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu/sasusuan na umaq a vecik (戶政資料代碼)
|10014140
|-
|tjuljivaran nua guan(毗鄰)
|beinan、daren、tjavuali；qakaw: vudai、makazayazaya、kuljuc、rai)

(卑南鄉、達仁鄉、太麻里鄉；屏東縣霧台鄉、瑪家鄉、泰武鄉、來義鄉)
|}


Jinfeng（金峰鄉）

Jinfeng gu icuwa i Taitung. ala atjunangn mapuljat 387.53&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang  271.51&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 87.22&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 5,168 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 1,617 a daceneqlan, Puyuma, Rukai (97%) a maqcuwa caucau.  

kinzang, i pasakacedas a navalj tua taitu tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]], na taitu a lima a gadu a kacalisiyan之一, tjaiviri ta beinan, tjaicedas ta tjavuali, tjailedep ta qakaw a vudai、[[makazayazaya]]、kuljuc kata rai, tjainavalj ta daren. 

aicu a guciu, i vecekadan ta gadu a tjainavalj(中央山脈南段). liaw a gadugadu imaza. tjaljaqaca a tjelu a kuzulj sa siva a puluq kata unem a maru tadjekuacan(3096公尺). 

aicu a guciu i navalj kata nasedjameq ta tjavuali,  azua a kina'adavan namasanmaculjuculju a kinavaliyan imaza(氣候上屬熱帶季風氣候), ljakua izua [maretimaljimalji] ta tjaljaqaca a katjunangan.

liaw a kacalisiyan a aicu a taqaljaqaljan imaza, kata tjalja tjurutjuruan a qemumaq. ruqivu tiamadju a sipenaywanan imaza.


==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 5 qinaljan i Jinfeng. matja 27 qinaljan imaza, Vukide（富給特部落）, Tjaviljaul（叉飛勞巫勒部落）, Sapulju（撒布優部落）, Gadu（卡多部落）, Pudun（布頓部落）, Tjudjaas（都達卡斯部落）, Kinilukuljan（給你路古洋部落）, Djelunavunavuk（德路那弗那弗克部落）, Djumulj（賓茂部落）, Tjukuvulj（讀古物部落）, Tjukuvulj-viri（肚久武部落）, Tudrivuan（篤立富安部落）, Laliavan（拉里亞灣部落）, Mananigay（馬拿尼開部落）, Tjulitjulik（斗里斗里部落）, [[paumeli|Paumeli]]（包霧目力部落）, [[viljauljaul|Viljauljaul]]（比魯部落）, Kaljadaran（卡拉達蘭部落）, Kaaluan（卡阿魯彎部落）, Maljivel（馬里弗勒部落）, Valjulu（娃優魯部落）, Madaljalu（馬達壓路部落）, Tjuletevetevek（督魯得福得福閣部落）, Maledep（麻勒得泊部落）, Tjuluuai（都魯烏外部落）, Ngudra-drekai（新富社區Rukai部落）, Rulakes（魯拉克斯部落）.


==likisi==

aicu a kacalisiyan a paiwan i kinzang, liaw a sinamazan imaza nua serai、sekasugagu、sevudai、sekuljuc i qakaw a gadu a caucau nu 17世紀. qaw, sepaqaluqalu tiamadju i kakudanan.

nu 1950 a cavilj, izuazua a rekaizuku a kemasi vudai i qakaw, sinamazan i kaaluwan kata rudrakes i kinzang tiamadju.

ljakua, aicu a caucua, na 西魯凱群 anan tiamadju, kisumalji tua 東魯凱群 i 大南 i taitu.

ka ripun anan, aicu a katjunangan imaza a pinaljavak na 台東廳台東郡 (a zuma a katjunangan imaza na benan i tjaiviri, 

qaw na daren i tjainavalj.) qaw, izuazua a kisacu na 台東郡郡役所與郡警察課 a sema a qinaljan tua kilailaing a karakudain.

nu pakavilji a masanmusalj a makaqeci sekacawan, aicu a kinzang na tjavuali i taitu.

nu 1946 a cavilj sa sepatj a qiljas, mavaday a aicu a guciu, remingedjilj a “金崙鄉”,izauzua a gukusiu i 金崙村 i tjavuali, qaw izuazua a lima a mula, mavan a 金崙、多良、歷坵、近黃 kata賓茂 na taitu.

nu 1946 a cavilj sa tapuluq sa ita a qiljas, papungadan ta “山地鄉” auta, sa pinenetj na sihu kata tjavuali.

aicu a mula a 嘉蘭、介達、比魯, pinaljavak na 金崙鄉.qaw, a mula a 金崙kata 多良a pinaljavak na tjavuali, sapapungadan ta “金山鄉”.

nu 1945 ta 1955 a cavilj, maumaumalj a sihu ta kakudan nua kacalisiyan, qaw sinamazan i lizuk nua

seviljaljaul、sekaladjalan、se近黃 kata se賓茂 a caucau i gadu.

sa inumalj na sihu a ngadan na 近黃村 ta 新興村, teveljen a viljaljaul kata kaladjalan tua 介比村 nua sihu. qaw, papungadan ta “正興村” auta.

ljakua, aicu a ngadan na guciu, 金山鄉, mamau ta 金山鄉 i taipi. sa inumalj uta na sihu a 台灣省政府民政廳字第29813號a ngadan ta金峰鄉 nu 1958 a cavilj sa sepatj a qiljas sa ita a qadaw.

nu 1958 a cavilj sa siva a qiljas sa ita a qadaw, papungadan ta 金峰鄉, qaw sinamazan a gukusiu i 嘉蘭村.

tucu, aicu a qapulu a varung ta kinzang i 嘉蘭村, izua a gukusiu、kinsaciu、戶政事務所 i 嘉蘭村.

ljakua, izua a siselapay na isisiu ta rinaljizan, kitevetj tua 賓茂村 tucu.


==sepaljavak==

aicu a guciu, lima a mula ata tjelu a puluq kata unem (tjumaq) imza.

izuazua a 正興村 kata 賓茂村i tjavuali, qaw佳崙地區（太麻里金針山）, sekinzang uta.

===新興村===
nu 1953 a cavilj, sinamazan (i新興村)nua se 近黃村的近黃部落 a caucau, qaw papungadan ta 新興村.


===正興村===
nu 1953 ta 1956 a cavilj, sinamazan (i正興村)nua se[[paumeli]]、 se[[viljauljaul|viljaljaul]]、sedulidili、sedjunduzul、sekaljadaran a cawcau. qaw nu 1961 a cavilj, teveljen na sihu a aicu a qinaljan ta 介比村, nu 1973 a cavilj, papungadan ta 正興村.


===嘉蘭村===
nu 1947 ta 1949 a cavilj, teveljen na sihu a 嘉蘭村 a maletep、bajiyoro kata malevul ta kaaluwan.

aicu a 嘉蘭村, qapulu a varung ta kinzang.


===賓茂村===
nu 1950 a cavilj, sinamazan (i 賓茂村)nua sedjumulj kata setjukuvulj-inaval.

===歷坵村===
na rudrakes a qinaljan.

==tatuluan==
izua sepatj a gakku a kedrikedri imaza i jinfeng gu.

==sipacacikelan==
===palidring a djalan===
sikamasan 64 a palidring a djalan na valangaw, a kemasi tua [[Taimali|tjauvali]] a pasa 嘉蘭 a patjemaza i unsing na jinfeng.
&lt;br&gt;sikamasan 66 a palidring a djalan na valangaw, a kemasimaza i jinfeng gu a pasa unsing na jinfeng a patje 歷坵.

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>rwo8d9mo40iqgzxv0tfswicueyw96g9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ji’an</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>44</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12199</id>
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      <timestamp>2024-04-05T17:31:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kivangavangan */</comment>
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      <text bytes="14943" sha1="dujafkeseii72jry1k668fnkk3puift" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''djian'''

(吉安鄉)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Ji'an HL.svg|thumb|center|djian imaza(qudjidji a pinakeljang)]] 
|-
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|kalingu king
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|cikasuan(七腳川), yushinu(吉野), dulan(荳蘭) 
|-
|sepaljavak
|tapuluq saka alu a mula, lima taiday sa drusa puluq sa pitju a talingan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
|
 
-游淑貞(pacun ta guciu na djian) 

-nasedjian a gukusiu

-daihiyukay na djian

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan 
|65.2582 km²
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|itaiday sa puluq a maru vavavan tadjekuacan (110m) 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na caucau-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-alu kudrav sa tjelu kuzulj sa lima taiday sa puluq sa drusa a caucau (83,512)(2021 a cavilj tjelu a qiljas)

-masanmusalj

-tjelu kudrav sa drusa kuzulj sa alu taiday sa tapuluq a paljingan(32,810)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|973
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10015050
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|hualien hici, siulin, zuvung
|}
 
djian gu(’inamizukuan：cikasuan；pinairangan：Kiat-an-hiong；nginaingayngan：gidˋ onˊ hiongˊ/gid onˋ hiongˋ）i maza i pasakacedas a viri tua taiwan a [[Kalinku king|kaliku king]], a i viri nakidjekec tua hualien hici, a i tjaikacedas na kicevung tua taipingyan, pasamaza i ledepan kicencen ta i siulin, a i navalj kicaing tua i [[Wufeng|suvung]] gu. izua tu alu a kudraw sa sepatj a kuzulj a caucau, avan nu  sikamasan musalj a tjuruvuan a kinateveteveljan na caucau. tjaljatjuruvuruvuan uta tua na sikataqaljan a gu i taiwan. 

kasitucuan a caviljan, aza kalingu kingsihu kata taikai a kipuvarung tu papirazek tua i pasanavalj a djian, mavan a kinateveteveljan nua mareka kuba tucu, izuanga a makakaizuazua a kakivangavangan, izua tatekelan ta kafee, papacunan ta iga, nu pakalingdjelj tua imaza i huilan a hici, kimaya tja papamaw a mirazekan ca i navalj kata kaledep nua djian, sa pakacu tua sikamanguwaqan. 

== kadjunangan ==
a gadugaduan a kadjunangan nua i djian izua a qevas 15%, a tjeza a 85% avan za djian a pana kata muka a pana a siqaljudjan a vudavudasan masan lizuk. tjaljeqaca tu seljenguaq a pinukadjunangan, a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledev. a pakata sikataqaljan izua matjasepatj a zukuan, pairang, haka, ciyukuk kata kacalisian. tjalja mirazekan a pakata nugiu kata kuba, masan tadjalan a mirazek imaza kata hualien hici. a pakata djian a caucau, a izua kinasi tua sicuayan a gukusiu, sitjaisangasan a hici a palingulj kata i pasa hualien hici, avananga vaquan a hici. izua dungcang, beicang, nancang, yicang, yicang, taicang, cinvung, renli, yungan kata senan a mula. izua lima kudraw kata sepatj a kuzulj a caucau, mavan qemavas tu 60% pakata penuljat a caucau i kalinkuking. lja pazangal a kakavelian a umaq i hualien hici saka tjuruvu a cuacau imaza, sika a pasataljiqacain tua kaizuanan. a pinaljavakan a i pasakaledep kata pasanavalj nua djian gu, avan a lizulizuk, tjaliaw a semancan, saka tjamavekelj a caucau izua. a kai ’inamizukuan kata nginaingayngan.

== cinalivatan ==
aza djian gu na amizuku a kakaizuanan, ka sicuayan a pinaka “cikasuan”, aza a imi ’inamizukuan “liaw a kasivan (cikasoyay) a kadjunangan” aya. avan a sepaljavak tua 南勢阿美族 izua cikasuwan(七腳川), lidaw(里漏), natawran(那荳蘭), pukpuk(簿簿) a mareka qinaljan a kadjunangan. ka ripung a djiday, tjaivililj ta cidjawcuan a marivuan, masuvur a cidjawcuan a qinaljan. ka 1910 a caviljan, aza ripung sihu pakerengen ta ripung caucau patje maza i kalinku kata valangaw a kadjunangan, saka lemingdjelj ta djiye(吉野) mula i mamaw ta kadjunangan a cidjawcuan mula. au izua matjatjelu a qinaljan, kungcian(宮前), cinsui(清水) kata cauven(草分) ka 1920 a caviljan, pavalitan tua drusa a ci(區), djiye ci kata pinye(平野) ci. ka 1937 a cavilj, djiye ci pavalitan lemintje ta djiye zuang(庄), sipavecik pakalingukangting kalingudjin sa pucapilj. saka kapuamin a maqaqeci, lemintje djiye guan i kalinkuking, lja sa ripung aravac aya, ka 1948 a caviljan pavalitan ta djian gu, a patjetucu a kinipungadan.  

== caucau ==
kemasi 2020 a caviljan puluq sa drusa a qiljas, izua 83,507 a cuacau i maza, aza kinatjuruvuan a caucau izua 1,280 a caucau /km², avan tjatjuruvuan kata masansikapitjulj a mavalidan pakata guan i taiwan. 

lja aza kuisan(龜山) guan pavalitan tua kuisan ci i tawyan hici, djian guan masan ta tjuruvuan a guan, saka tucu avan ta masansikanemelj a qinaljan, avan tauta masansikasimuluq saka pitju pakata caucau a kinapangaljan a paljavak. 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1981
|sepatj kudrav sa siva a kuzulj sa unem a taiday sa alu puluq sa ita a caucau (49,681 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1986
|lima kudrav sa lima kuzulj sa siva taiday sa drusa a caucau (55,902 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+12.5%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1991
|unem kudrav sa tjelu kuzulj sa drusa puluq sa tjelu a caucau(63,023 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+12.7%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1996
|pitju kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa tjelu a taiday sa pitju puluq sa sepatj a caucau (71,374 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+13.3%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2001
|pitju kudrav sa unem kuzulj sa siva taiday sa lima puluq sa tjelu a caucau(76,953 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+7.8%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2006
|pitju kudrav sa alu a kuzulj sa pitju a taiday sa tjelu puluq sa siva a caucau (78,739 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+2.3%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2011
|alu kudrav sa sepatj taiday sa unem puluq sa sepatj a caucau (80,464 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+2.2%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2016
|alu kudrav sa tjelu a kuzulj sa unem a taiday sa lima puluq sa unem a caucau (83,656 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+4.0%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|}

==== caucau a mapavalitan ====
kemasi 1981 a caviljan a caucau matjuruvu a caucau a ljemita a cavilj, amin ka 2004, 2005, 2018, 2020 ca sepatj a caviljan nameljiateku, aza 35 a caviljan nameljiavavaw.

qepuing a lima cavilj (2015-2020) tja metjuruvu tu 267 a caucau, nu teveljeng nametjuruvu tu 0.32％, a sika liavan itua kalingu 13 a a kinapangaljan a paljavak, pasakacedas penuljat a kana guan ta sitjuruvuan masandrusa(tja keri ta siulin), sika mirazekan ta caucau, niban ta i kalingu, i kacedasan masanlima a liawvan.

== guciu ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|guciu
|-
|sangasangasan  
|謝琳淼
|-
|sikamasanmusalj
|劉阿乾
|-
|sikamasan tjelulj
|謝琳淼
|-
|sikamasan tjelulj kata sikamasan simatjelj 
|廖木桂
|-
|sikamasan limalj kata sikamasan nemelj 
|陳正和
|-
|sikamasan pitjulj kata sikamasan valulj
|吳金安
|-
|sikamasan sivalj
|邱日祥
|-
|sikamasan simuluq kata sikamasan simuluq saka ita
|徐永滿
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka drusa kata sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu
|徐松海
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj kata sikamasan simuluq saka lima
|田智宣
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka unem kata sikamasan simuluq saka pitju
|黃馨
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka alu (tucu)
|游淑貞 
|}

== paljavak tua katjunangan ==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Jian villages2.svg|300px|thumb|right|sepaljavak i djian]]
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!mula !! pulingetjan nua kadjunangan&lt;br/&gt;(km2) !! paljingan !! caucau&lt;br/&gt;(2019 a cavilj 3 qiljas) !! mavalidan a caucau&lt;br/&gt;caucau/km2
|-
|djian 
吉安
|4.121|| 2,434 || 6,026 || 1,462.2
|-
|kancen
干城
|5.7|| 677 || 1,435 || 251.8
|-
|renan
仁安
|3.281|| 1030 || 2,635 || 803.1
|-
|renli
仁里
|2.4|| 2,723 || 6,895 || 2,872.9
|-
|renhe
仁和
|2.8|| 1,934 || 4,995 || 1,783.9
|-
|taicang
太昌
|4.98|| 1,631 || 4,286 || 860.6
|-
|beicang
北昌
|2.5|| 3,385 || 8,841 || 3,536.4
|-
|yungan
永安
|2.41|| 1,870 || 4,687 || 1,944.8
|-
|yungsin
永興
|2.104|| 1,238 || 3,261 || 1,549.9
|-
|kuanghua光華 ||6.351|| 892 || 2,180 || 343.2
|-
|yicang
宜昌
|1.8|| 1,765 || 4,677 || 2,598.3
|-
|dungcang東昌 ||3.7|| 2,428 || 6,174 || 1,668.6
|-
|nancang南昌 ||1.811|| 1,811 || 4,901 || 2,706.2
|-
|nanhua
南華
|5.424|| 650 || 1,757 || 323.9
|-
|senan
勝安
|2.568|| 2,259 || 5,787 || 2,253.5
|-
|vusin
福興
|6.2|| 1,242 || 3,349 || 540.2
|-
|cinvung
慶豐
|2.3|| 2,963 || 7,739 || 3,364.8
|-
|dawsiang稻香 ||4.808|| 1,338 || 3,709 || 771.4
|-
|'''djian guan'''||'''65.2582'''||'''32,288'''||'''83,365'''||'''1,277.5'''
|-
|}

== zuku ==
izua pairang, haka, ciyukuk, amizuku kata turukuzuku.  namaqaqeljiqeljing namarkiljivaljivak a taqinaljanaljan, izuazua a kakudanan niamadju, ika nasetevelj kata pairang a kakudanan. saka temalidu aravac a kakudanan a qinaljan imaza. 

==== pairang ====
ka 16 a caviljan, izuanga pairang na kiciul ta gungkang a mamaza i djian a qemuma, kiracev. ka 1874 a caviljan, ti senpaucen(沈葆楨) kipuvarung tua sihu tu semandjalang ta makacedas, kamaqatianga a ljitaladj, qivu tua kemasi tailik paka ljaviljaving a kacedasan manavalj a caucau tu patjavat a semamaza, kata ripung djiday, kemasi taiwan kaledepan a napatjavat a ninpu, nugiw kilevuci a mamaza i kacedas, avan nusika pairang tjalja tjuruvuan a zuku, aza pinairangan masan nasi palingraku kata i sasaw a kai.

==== haka ====
ka 1812 a caviljan, ti lihen(李亨) kata ti zuangzau(莊找) cemiyur ta pairang, haka a caucau tu patjavat a kemasi kemalan(噶瑪蘭) a tjeljaving a patje cilay lizu italadj. aicu rikisi mavan ca sangasangasan a vecik pakata pairang sema i kalingu, sika patagilj qemuma imaza a haka. ka ripung a djiday, a ripung a reminlin a patjavat ta qinaljan, izua tjuruvu a haka ninpu kata nugiw a semamaza i kacedas. tiamadju tjatjuruvu kemasi tauyen(桃園), sinzu(新竹) kata miawli(苗栗), ninpu na ripun temalem ta paulin. ka 1980 a cavilj, maqati pakazua kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i pasa viri, saka mirazek ta djian guan, izua tjuruvu a haka semamaza. tucu, djian guan masan ta tjatjuruvuanga a haka a qinaljan nua i kalinkuking. 

==== ciyukuk ====
ka 1949 a caviljan, aza kumintang makilu a kiqeci ta kiusantu, kemasi tailik a gaisiuzing kata sividay kilevuci a semamaza i hualien a kitju umaq, tiamadju sedjel a nasividay. lja za i hualien kaizuanan na mapeljuq anga, sika cemikel a pasa djian gu i navalj tua kuanghua(光華) a qinaljan, katua imaza i muka pana pasakacedas a kadjunangan a kemaizuangan.

==== kacalisian ====
aza i kalinkuking tjalja tjuruvuan a amizuku i djian, izua 15,273 a kacalisian, naqemavas tua kalinkuking nakacalisian a caucau 12.73％ (107 a caviljan pitju qiljas a sinupu). au tjalja tjuruvuan a amizuku kimaya 12,219 a caucau, a zumanga avan za ripung a djiday a kemasi siulin gu setavun(斯達岸) kata cinsui qinaljan sinavuta a patjavat a pasataluku. kimaya 1,922 a caucau, tucuanga izua sebunun kata maretimalji a zuku kimaya 1,132 a caucau nasemamaza kitevelj.

==== amizuku ====
puluq a siva a ainaljan naseamizuku

izua lidaw(里漏部落), taraca(達拉贊部落), isawalian pahikukian(仁安部落), isaetipan pahikukian(仁和部落), atonan(阿都南部落), cikeliwan(歌柳灣部落), citekudan(小台東部落), kungkung(大鼓部落), mabuwakay(南華部落), hacining(干城部落), cikasuwan(七腳川部落), sirakesay(永安部落), sarad(撒樂部落), fulufuluan(勝安部落), alang miyamay(慶豐部落), buner(宜昌部落), natawran(那荳蘭部落), pukpuk(簿簿部落), ciyibangcalay(吉野汎扎萊部落).

==== turukuzuku ====
sepatj a qinaljan naseturukuzuku 

izua ciripunan(慶豐部落), alang kiyumi(福興部落), alang mkibuhw(南華部落) kata alang gnaalu(博愛新村部落) a qinaljan.

== nasidjaravacan ==
djian gu imaza i pasakacedas a viri a kalingku a sema taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk a kadjunangan tua taiwan a kalingu king, a i viri nakidjekec tua hualien hici, a i tjaikacedas na kicevung tua taipingyan, a pasamaza ledepan kicencen ta i [[Xiulin|siuling gu]], a i navalj kicaing tua i [[Shoufeng|suvung]]. lja demut ta hualien hici, seljenguaq a nasidjaravacan, izua kisiya a djalan, basu a kalingu, masansivalj a djalanan i taiwan kata masansimuluq sa ita a djalanan i taiwan pakamaza. izua a disiaba i djian. pakata basu izua masansivalj a djalanan i taiwan, masansivalj a bin(丙) a djalanan i taiwan, masansimuluq sa ita a djalanan i taiwan kata kalingu sevesevec a lizulizuka djalanan kemasi disiaba i kalingu, au izua alu a pubasuan, aza caucau maqati itjen kisedjam ta utubay tu zidingsia a kemasi disiaba i kalingu patje djian guan.  
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|kisiya a djalan
|-
|taiwan kisiya kanriki 
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i taitu
|-
|disiaba i djian (吉安)
|-
|basu
|-
|basu a kalingu
|-
|basu a tairuku
|-
|basu a ding dung
|-
|basu a sudu 
|-
|basu a taipaq 
|-
|basu a hici nua kalingu king
|-
|kunglu
|-
|masansivalj a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|masansivalj a bin(丙) a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|masansimuluq sa ita a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|masansimuluq sa ita a bin(丙) djalanan i taiwan 
|-
|vinaciqan ta djalan
|-
|itaiday siva puluq sa tjelu a vinaciqan           
|}

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sinupuan
|-
|pitja pazangal a situluan
|-
|na sihu kalingu a pakisumalji kakituluwan a gaku
|-
|kaucung a gaku
|-
|kuzing santen(上騰) kaucung a gaku
|-
|gaku na kutjung  
|-
|gaku na kutjung a djian
|-
|gaku na kutjung a huaren(化仁)
|-
|gaku na kutjung a yicang(宜昌)
|-
|gaku na kukumin
|-
|gaku na kukumin a djian
|-
|gaku na kukumin a huaren
|-
|gaku na kukumin a taicang(太昌)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a beicang(北昌) 
|-
|gaku na kukumin a kuanghua(光華)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a yicang
|-
|gaku na kukumin a nanhua(南華) 
|-
|gaku na kukumin a dawsiang(稻香) 
|}

== kinsic ==
==== nugiu ====
djian gu imaza a kadjunangan avan za djian a pana kata muka a pana siniqaljud vudavudasan masan lizuk. tjaljeqaca tu seljenguwaq a kadjunangan, saka izua tu lima kuzulj a marutarauljan maqati a masengseng taquma. avan ta sinika pazangal nua lami pakata [[Kalinku king|kalinku king]]. izua paday, vurasi, siak, vuday, aljualju a kamangulj, kucay, vasa, ngaingaw na hayatuli, karasina kata kudamunu. au pakata vasa masansikmatjelj a tjaliaw a sinitalem a racev i taiwan. pakata ngaingaw na hayatuli avan tjaljaqacavan a tinaleman a kadjunangan, a sinitalem a kadjunangan qemavas 43% i taiwan.

==== kuba ====
kuanghua kuba (光華工業區)

zunghua kuba pakata qadupu (中華紙漿)

==== siubay ====
== kivangavangan ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Hualien Yoshino Village 開村記念碑 2018.jpg|
Yashino monument, Jian Township, Hualien County (Taiwan).jpg|
Cikasoan Forest Park, Ji’an Township, Hualien (Taiwan).jpg|
花蓮台開新天堂樂園.jpg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== racev ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|芋頭
|vasa
|-
|玫瑰
|bara vuciyar
|-
|蘭花
|kutjiurang
|-
|韭菜
|kucay
|-
|甜椒
|aljualju a kamangulj
|-
|龍鬚菜
|ngaingaw na hayatuli
|-
|芥菜
|karasina
|}

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>dujafkeseii72jry1k668fnkk3puift</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kai nua Cemas</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>45</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12591</id>
      <parentid>12216</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-17T18:11:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12591</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5430" sha1="1sxa49isu8lvlopnktdp60pyexc0d5a" xml:space="preserve">'''Kai nua Cemas''' ([[Hiniberayan]]: '''ביבליה''', Hiniljasan: '''Βίβλος''', &quot;sunat&quot; aya patarevan.) nu aya, namasan qapulu tua saluan, tua kina i kacauanan, tua kinateveteveljan katua sengsengan nua [[kiukay]].

[[sineqetj a vecik:Gutenberg Bible, Lenox Copy, New York Public Library, 2009. Pic 01.jpg|340px|thumb|Kai nua cemas]]

==Kai nua Cemas katua Siisiu==
'''Kai nua Cemas''' nu aya itjen, namakakaizuazuanga a ljingav, a piculj katua patarevan nua kai, manasika nu lihalihay itjen &quot;semupu nua '''Kai nua Cemas'''.&quot; ljakua aicu''' siisiu''' aya, ngadan sakamaya. pai manasika nu qivu itjen &quot;izua su '''siisiu'''.&quot; aya itjen.

== Tjaisangas a Sinikieces ==
'''Tjaisangas a Sinikieces''' (Hiniberayan:תנ״ך‎‎, Inamilikan: Old Testament)

{| class=wikitable
! ||Pinaiwanan||Inamilikan||Hiniberayan
|-
|rowspan=5|lima a sunatj na Musi
|[[Vinqacan (Kai nua Cemas)|Vinqacan]]||Genesis||בראשית
|-
|[[Vinaikan]]||Exodus||שמות
|-
|[[Livi]]||Leviticus||ויקרא
|-
|[[Sinupuan]]||Numbers||במדבר
|-
|[[Pazazekatj]]||Deuteronomy||דברים
|-
|rowspan=12|likisi
|[[Yusua]]||Joshua||יהושע
|-
|[[Rakac]]||Judges||שופטים
|-
|[[Ruc]]||Ruth||רות
|-
|[[1 Samuil]]||1 Samuel||שמואל
|-
|[[2 Samuil]]||2 Samuel||שמואל
|-
|[[1 Huangti]]||1 Kings||מלכים
|-
|[[2 Huangti]]||2 Kings||מלכים
|-
|[[1 Pinasasevalivalitan]]||1 Chronicles||דברי הימים
|-
|[[2 Pinasasevalivalitan]]||2 Chronicles||דברי הימים
|-
|[[Izra]]||Ezra||עזרא
|-
|[[Nihimia]]||Nehemiah||נחמיה
|-
|[[Istir]]||Esther||אסתר
|-
|rowspan=5|pucaquan a sunatj
|[[Yub]]||Job||איוב
|-
|[[Senai]]||Psalms||תהלים
|-
|[[Katjecaquanan a Kai]]||Proverbs||משלי
|-
|[[Rutjaucikecikelj]]||Ecclesiastes||קהלת
|-
|[[Nguanguaq a Senai]]||Song of Songs||שיר השירים
|-
|rowspan=5|大先知書
|[[Isaya]]||Isaiah||ישעיהו
|-
|[[Yirimia]]||Jeremiah||ירמיהו
|-
|[[Sicangicangit a Senai]]||Lamentations||יחזקאל
|-
|[[Yizikiil]]||Ezekiel||יחזקאל
|-
|[[Daniil]]||Daniel||דניאל
|-
|rowspan=12|小先知書
|[[Husia]]||Hosea||הושע
|-
|[[Yuil]]||Joel||יואל
|-
|[[Amus]]||Amos||עמוס
|-
|[[Ubadia]]||Obadiah||עבדיה
|-
|[[Yuna]]||Jonah||יונה
|-
|[[Mika]]||Micah||מיכה
|-
|[[Nahum]]||Nahum||נחום
|-
|[[Habakuk]]||Habakkuk||חבקוק
|-
|[[Zipania]]||Zephaniah||צפניה
|-
|[[Hakai]]||Haggai||חגי
|-
|[[Zikaria]]||Zechariah||זכריה
|-
|[[Malaki (Kai nua Cemas)|Malaki]]||Malachi||מלאכי
|}

==Vaquan a Sinikieces==
'''Vaquan a Sinikieces''' (Hiniljasan:  Ἡ Καινὴ Διαθήκη, Inamilikan: New Testament)

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size: 85%&quot;&gt;
{|| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! || [[ Pinaiwanan]] !! [[Hiniljasan]] !! [[Inamilikan]]  !! [[Ljinautjian ]] (Vaquankiu/Tinsiukiu)
|-
|rowspan=4|tjaucikel
| [[Tjaucikelj ni Matai]]|| Κατά Ματθαίον  || Matthew || 馬太福音/瑪竇福音 
|-
|  [[Tjaucikelj ni Mareku]] || Κατά Μάρκον  || Mark|| 馬可福音/馬爾谷福音 
|-
| [[Tjaucikelj ni Luka]]|| Κατά Λουκάν || Luke  || 路加福音 
|-
|  [[Tjaucikelj ni Yuhan]] || Κατά Ιωάννην || John || 約翰福音/若望福音 
|-
|likisi || [[Kinudan nua Marka Sinkauljan]]  || Πράξεις || Acts || 使徒行傳/宗徒大事錄 
|-
|rowspan=13|tagami nua Pauru
| [[Ruma]] ||  Προς Ρωμαίους || Romans || 羅馬書 
|-
| [[1 Kurintu]] || Προς Κορινθίους Α' || 1 Corinthians || 哥林多前書/格林多前書 
|-
| [[2 Kurintu]] || Προς Κορινθίους Β' || 2 Corinthians || 哥林多後書/格林多後書 
|-
|  [[Galatia]] || Προς Γαλάτας || Galatians || 加拉太書/迦拉達書 
|-
| [[Ipisu]] || Προς Εφεσίους ||  Ephesians|| 以弗所書/厄弗所書 
|-
| [[Pilipi]] || Προς Φιλιππησίους ||  Philippians|| 腓立比書/斐理伯書
|-
| [[Kulusai]] || Προς Κολοσσαείς || Colossians || 歌羅西書/哥羅森書 
|-
| [[1 Tisaluniki]] || Προς Θεσσαλονικείς A΄ ||  1 Thessalonians || 帖撒羅尼迦前書/得撒洛尼前書 
|-
|  [[2 Tisaluniki]] || Προς Θεσσαλονικείς B΄ || 2 Thessalonians || 帖撒羅尼迦後書/得撒洛尼後書 
|-
| [[1 Timuti]] || Προς Τιμόθεον Α΄  ||  1 Timothy || 提摩太前書/弟茂德前書
|-
| [[2 Timuti]] || Προς Τιμόθεον Β΄ || 2 Timothy || 提摩太後書/弟茂德後書 
|-
|  [[Titus]] || Προς Τίτον ||  Titus || 提多書/弟鐸書 
|-
| [[Pilimun]] || Προς Φιλήμονα ||  Philemon || 腓利門書/費肋孟書 
|-
|rowspan=8|tagami 
| [[Hiberai]] || Προς Εβραίους || Hebrews || 希伯來書 
|-
| [[Yakub]] || Ιακώβου || James || 雅各書/雅各伯書 
|-
|  [[1 Piteru]] || Πέτρου Α΄ || 1 Peter || 彼得前書/伯多祿前書 
|-
|  [[2 Piteru]] || Πέτρου Β΄ || 2 Peter || 彼得後書/伯多祿後書 
|-
| [[1 Yuhan]] || Ιωάννου Α΄ || 1 John || 約翰一書/若望一書 
|-
| [[2 Yuhan]] || Ιωάννου Β΄ || 2 John || 約翰二書/若望二書 
|-
| [[3 Yuhan]] || Ιωάννου Γ΄ || 3 John ||約翰三書/若望三書
|-
| [[Yuda]] || Ιούδα  || Jude || 猶大書/猶達書 
|-
| pakeljang || [[Sinpakeljang tjai Yuhan]] || Αποκάλυψις Ιωάννου ||  Revelation || 啟示錄/若望默示錄 
|}
&lt;/div&gt;

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[pinapapilipiliqan:Kiukay]]

&lt;!--Interwikis--&gt;</text>
      <sha1>1sxa49isu8lvlopnktdp60pyexc0d5a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kaidi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>46</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11115</id>
      <parentid>11101</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-26T18:32:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/83.11.191.203|83.11.191.203]]（[[User talk:83.11.191.203|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>1720</origin>
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      <text bytes="1167" sha1="e21vm005ibsrbs59waendv0bzyslin7" xml:space="preserve">Kaidi(楓林部落)

aicu a kaidi, vinaday na sihu na [[Dripun|ripun]] a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] tua sema lizuk kata masan a qinaljan, a izua itjaikaledep a navalj tua [[Shizi|sisigu]] a 楓林村 i [[Qakaw king|qakaw]]. ljacadja a kemasi a kacedas ta 楓港村, mavananga a drusa a 公里.

tjuruvu a kacalisiyan imaza, sa tuqivuqivu ta pinaywanan kata ’inpairangzukan.


==likisi==

izua a drusa a qinaljan i 楓林村, mavan a kaidi kata yungkilu (新路部落).

aicu a kaidi, qinepu a kacalisiyan a kemasi a 內文群 (avan a 內麻里巴社kata阿遮美薛社). masa maqucalj a katjunangan a sekadrekalran, nekanga a lami, sa mavaday a taqaljaqaljan nua sihu na ripun ta tucu a 楓林村, sa vineli tazua a katjunangan na pairing imaza nua [[Dripun|ripun]].  

==tjaljapazangalan tua sisantapavan==

kakituluwan tua napacun ta nemenemanga nua tjavuvu i sisigu.

izuazua itjaivirilj tua pinaljavakan nua vuday a gukusiyu a nasesisigu ka 2003 a cavilj.

sa maqati a rupacun ta nemenemanga nua tjavuvu tua qemaljup kata kalakudakuda tuqadavan imaza, uri sinanpazangal ta likisi nua sisigu sa pinakaleva ta taqaljaqaljan tua vuvu nua qinaljan a tjakuvukuvulj.</text>
      <sha1>e21vm005ibsrbs59waendv0bzyslin7</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kalinku king</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>47</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12054</id>
      <parentid>10385</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-09-26T15:55:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>20</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>12054</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="23286" sha1="1fcpbx1kiuddl1h8bcmnqduaraxyv03" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |kalingu king
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Taiwan ROC political division map Hualien County.svg|thumb|center|kalingu king imaza (qudjidji a pinakeljang) ]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Hualien County Montage.png|thumb|center|kakivangvangan a kalingu king]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|taiwan
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|kalingu
|-
|lemingdjelj kata cavilj
|花蓮港廳kalingu gang ting (ka 1909 a cavilj)→
花蓮縣kalinguking (kemasi 1946 a cavilj mata tucu)
|-
|sepaljavak
|ita hici, drusa ceng kata tapuluq a qinaljan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-徐榛蔚(pacun ta kinciu na kalinguking)&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-kalingu kingsihu

-kalinguking gikai

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan
|4628.5714km²
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na cawcau

-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-mavalidan
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-tjelu puluq sa drusa kudrav sa tjelu kuzulj sa unem a taiday sa unem puluq sa unem a caucau(323,666)(2021 a cavilj tjelu a qiljas)&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-masansimuluq sa pitju

-unem puluq sa siva a caucau/km² (69.93/km²)
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10015
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|yilan, [[Taitu king|valangaw]], nantu
|}

kalingu king (pinaywanan：kalingu；pinairangan：Hoa-lian-koān / Hoa-liân-koān；nginaingayngan：Fâ-lièn-yen）izua tauta sicuayan a ngadan cilay(奇萊), huilan(洄瀾)（pinairangan：Huê-liân）,duluman(多羅滿)（a sipanya kai：Turoboan；pinairangan：To-lô-boán）avan nangata ca king nua i taiwan. imaza i pasakacedas tua taiwan, izua peihuikuisiyen pakamaza. a i pasakaledep a gadugaduan i vecekadan tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]], a i tua sevecevec ljavek a gadugaduan imaza i pasacemedas, a i tjaikacedas mavan a taipingyan (ljavek a viliping), a i viri nakidjekec tua yilan, a i pasakaledep a viri nakidjekec tua taiciu hici, a i kaledep nakidjekec tua nantuking, a i pasakaledep a navalj nakidjekec tua takaw hici, a i navalj nakidjekec tua taituking. izua tu 4,628 km² a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan. a tjaljaqacavan a king i taiwan. kalinguking izua tjatjuruvuan a kacalisian, tjalja liavan amizuku. au aza caucau a mamaza i pasaviri a kalingu a sema taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk pakaljaviljaving ta ljavek a kadjunangan, au avan ca ika kinapalak nanemanemanga a kakivangvangan racev saka masan tjalja pungadan, izua tairugu nua kuka kinakalevelevan kadjunangan kata yusan nua kuka kinakalevelevan kadjunangan. aza kinipuvarung tua na king a hata avan za cemedas a qadaw kemasi ljavek a ljivavaw. au sinipukelang taljar nua taipingyan. aza taljar pinaka papapiliqe tua mareka zuku a quljaw, izua amizuku, tairuku zuku, bunun zuku, kemalan zuku, sacilaya zuku, sidiqe zuku kata pairang. saka ka 2013 a cavilj, na djemamek tua tjaljabulayan a kakaizuanan a hici masan daisanmin. aza caucau i hualian hici, djian guan kata sincen guan mata drusa puluq kudraw, masan tjaljaqacavan, tjalja taliduan, tjalja salenguwaq  a hici i pasakacedasan a kadjunangan.  

[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Hualien County.svg|thumb|kalingku]]

== kadjunangan ==
a kinalangan nua kadjunangan ladruladruq i kalingu king saka matu kaiku, maka ljaviljaving kemasi viri patje navalj tu 137.5 km, a kemasi kacedas patje keledep kimaya 43 km. imaza a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan masan a tjaljaqacavan a king i taiwan. ljakua tjaliaw a gadu izua, keri tu 10% a kazatjan pakata penuljat ta kadjunangan. aza mareka caucau sedjelja i kalingu kata valangaw sevesevec a lizulizuk. au izua tu 70% a caucau sedjelja i hualien hici kata djian guan. aicu gadu imaza a pasakacedas a ljavek a gadugaduan, a pasakaledep sedjel a gadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan. a lava izua tu 3 mata 9 km a pasalavan. aicu kadjunangan pakata sevesevec a lizulizuk kata avan za nakemasi gadu seqaljutj a qipu kata vudas masan lizulizu, a qivu kalingu kata valangaw sevesevec a lizulizuk tuki kalingu kata valangaw a kasintan. aza kadjunangan pakata pasaviri sedjel kalingu kata valangaw sevesevec a lizulizuk, kemasi cungde(崇德) a disiaba i siulin guan pasanavalj mata hualien siljitaladj i pana, au aza kemasi sincen mula i sincen guan mata guvu(國福) mula i hualien hici a 15 km a tideq, na lizuk a laruq kata lavan pinapamaw nasekeljan tu malji, a tjalja lavan kimaya 5 km a tjeza, saka a qivu “kalingu kata valangaw a kasintan”, nutja kinemenemen ca ljusepisepitj a lizuk kinadjunangan, avan nu kemasi liwu pana izaya naseqaljutj a vadas kata qaciljay, lja namakeren a mavali tua pasakacedas ma viri a kemaledep a masan, cuayanga djiqeseng nua zaljum aza i tua siljisaaw ljavek a mareke vudas, pasa navaljen a kacuing avan nu sika alang, kata na tjalja taladjan a kadjunangan siraruwa neka ravac a kanki.

lja aicu a ljaviljaving a gadugaduan i pasakacedas a kalinguking tja kigalju a ma alang(kimaya 400 kudraw tjaisangas a inalangan), a ljavavavan tja liaw pitja keri tua i pasaviri a vecekadan gadugaduan, tjalja vavavan avan za sinking gadu izua 1682m. a maka ljaviljjaving a gadu kinaqipuan liaw a vudavudas na lumeljak maqepu masan qaciljay, a kinakadjunangan madjulu a makapalak, lja nururalarua a tjataladj a kadjunangan, aicu a makaljaving a gadu nu icining ljivavae tu 3cm, aza i siukuluan pana qaciljaciljaing izua caleqilj lumeljak a maletimalji masan alang tua vikivikng, avan nu liaw qaca keri maljetimalji a lizuk I tua ljaving naljavek a gadugaduan, pacual ta i ruisui guan kacedasan navalj a cimi lizuk, tjalja laruqan kata tjalja milavan kimaya izua 2 km, kalingu 64 guan a djaljang (花64鄉道) sipakacevung nua lisuy kata vunbing a djalang angata.
 
izua tjalja tjuruvuan a gadu i kalingu king, izua 43 a gadu tjljaqaca mata 3000 m. izua nanhu gadu(南湖大山), cilay gadu(奇萊山), siukuluan gadu(秀姑巒山),wumin gadu(無名山), akana hehuan gadu i pasakacedasan(合歡山東峰). 

aza liaw pana imaza seqaljudj kemasai kaledep pasa cemedas. ljakua aicu heping pana, liwu pana kata siuguluan pana seqaljudj kemasi viri pasa navalj. au izua hualien pana seqaljudj kemasi navalj pasa viri. 
 
aicu maka ljaviljaving ta ljavek i pasakacedas a kalingu tu 124 km, lja liaw a pana maljavek, liaw a kadjunangan a temalimuzav, izua cevaceva maka ljavek, avan angata  i pasanavalj a heping pana aza cinsui danggay, izua tjaljaqaca 1000 m, masan ta pungadangadan a kivangavangan i suhua kunglu, ljakua izua rucunuq uta pakata qudjalj saka ika maqati qemalius.

au aicu i pasanavalj kalingu king a semen makaljaving, namasan tjacaleqilj a ljaviljaving puqaciljayven, izua liaw a napakisumalji nua kadjunangan a temalimuzav, izua setiping(石梯坪) pakanavalj, aza kinaqaciljayan matu a tjaljitjali paka italadj a ljavek, izuanan kinapalak nua zaljum a namasa gisui, dangai, kaizatjan, paljevavaw a maljimalji a qaciljay, aza i makaljaving tua ljavek avan za babelubeluan a masan talituan i taiwan.[[sineqetj a vecik:Population density map of Hualien (Dec 2009).svg|thumb|taqaljaqaljan i kalinku(2009)]]

== kalevelevan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;14&quot; |kalingu king （kemasi 1991 a cavilj mata 2020 a cavilj）pakata kalevelevan penapamapamaw ziriu
|-
!qiljas
!icigac
!nigac
!sangac
!sigac
!gugac
!lukugac
!sicigac
!hacigac
!kugac
!ziugac
!ziuicigac
!ziunigac
!itacavilj
|-
!a tjaljaqacavan a sezaman ℃（℉）
|21.4
(70.5)
|21.9
(71.4)
|23.6
(74.5)
|26.2
(79.2)
|28.7
(83.7)
|30.9
(87.6)
|32.4
(90.3)
|32.2
(90)
|30.7
(87.3)
|28.3
(82.9)
|25.8
(78.4)
|22.8
(73)
|27.1
(80.8)
|-
!a ljemita qadaw papamaw  a sezaman
℃（℉）
|18.3
(64.9)
|18.6
(65.5)
|20.3
(68.5)
|22.8
(73)
|25.3
(77.5)
|27.3
(81.1)
|28.7
(83.7)
|28.4
(83.1)
|27.0
(80.6)
|24.9
(76.8)
|22.5
(72.5)
|19.7
(67.5)
|23.7
(74.7)
|-
!a tjaljakedrian a sezaman ​℃（℉）
|15.8
(60.4)
|16.2
(61.2)
|17.6
(63.7)
|20.1
(68.2)
|22.5
(72.5)
|24.7
(76.5)
|25.6
(78.1)
|25.4
(77.7)
|24.2
(75.6)
|22.2
(72)
|19.9
(67.8)
|17.2
(63)
|21.0
(69.8)
|-
!a sikudjaljan ​㎜（英⁠寸）
|54.6
(2.15)
|74.7
(2.941)
|76.7
(3.02)
|76.6
(3.016)
|186.9
(7.358)
|165.5
(6.516)
|198.5
(7.815)
|258.8
(10.189)
|329.9
(12.988)
|350.6
(13.803)
|175.1
(6.894)
|83.6
(3.291)
|2,031.5
(79.981)
|-
!a salenean  （％）
|75.6
|76.9
|77.4
|78.9
|80.2
|80.4
|77.1
|78.0
|77.8
|75.2
|75.7
|74.0
|77.3
|-
!lemita ta qiljas a siqadavan a milingan
|68.7
|67.8
|85.7
|98.1
|124.3
|180.9
|255.6
|228.0
|163.1
|124.3
|93.2
|74.2
|1,563.9
|-
| colspan=&quot;14&quot; |aicu ziriu pavavaw kemasi cungyancisiyangcy
|}

== cinalivatan ==
ka sicuayan a qivu cilay, pakata “花蓮縣志” za vecik, ka 1622 a cavilj azua sipanya caucau semamaza a djadjasen ta king, au sematjez patje djinbauli(金包里)(i djinsan ci atalasi taihuku hici tucu), saka sinpungadan duluman aicu avan tucu sincen mula, a kacalisian a kinaizuanan. ka 1851 a cavilj, izua tjawcikel na semamaza a pairang a qemulic a temalem ta lami, au pacun ta pana sema ljavek, macacuvung qaca a luduludan, azua ridiu matu vuliljauljaw, avan anga ta sinpungadan huilan. au pavalitan ta pinairangan tjasedjaljep siqivu a hualian.

tja kigalju a mirazek i kalingu pakata zuma king, ka 1932 a cavilj, nekanan na sipakaljaving a djalan (sicuayan a suhua kunglu), nu remaketj sikipacacikel maka kalingu pakavarukurukur, avan nu izua angata italadj qinaljan au manu sinan i casaw a kadjunangan aya qivu. mata qamaqacuvung a lemindjel tua kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i pasa viri, naseljenguwaq a sipakazua djalan.

pakata remasudj a kilalaing takakudan, ka 1909 a cavilj, kalinku a kadjunangan kidjuvecik valangaw, masan ta kalingukang ting, avan kanri a macidjilj patje tucu. kapuamin a maqaqeci, ka 1946 a cavilj icigac siva qadaw lemindjel tua kalingu king. ka 1950 a cavilj ziugac puluq sa lima qadaw, masantjasangas a king a semusu tua niamadju a rarasudjan pakata “cunghuamingu a tjaljavavaw a hulic”. kanri tua na i qinaljan a kakudan.

== kinapangaljan a paljavak ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |remasudj a kilalaing ta kakudan a sihu
|kalingu kingsihu
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |taituting kalingugang、buseke citing→

kalingu gang tingcan (kemasi 1909 a cavilj mata 1945 a cavilj)→

kalinguking kinciu (kemasi 1945 a cavilj mata tucu)
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |qinati a hulic a sihu
|kalinguking gikai
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |kinapangaljan a paljavak
|-
|hichi kidjekec a king
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Hualien|hualien hichi]]
|-
|ceng
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Fenglin|vunglinceng]]、[[Yuli|yiliceng]]
|-
|guan
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Xincheng|sincen]]、[[Ji’an|djian]]、[[Shoufeng|zuvung]]、[[Guangfu|kuangvu]]、[[Fengbin|vungbin]]、[[Ruisui|lisuy]]、[[Fuli|vuli]]
|-
|na kacalisian a guan
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[Xiulin|siulin]]、[[Wanrong|wanrung]]、[[Zhuoxi|zusi]]
|}
izua siulin, wanrung, zusi avan angata na kacalisian a qinaljan, au pulingetjan nua kadjunangan penuljat avan tu alu puluq nua kalingu king a kadjunangan.

aza siulin avan na tjaljaqacavan a kadjunangan, tu 1,641&amp;nbsp;km², avan angata tjaljaqacavan a kadjunangan pakata masantjelulj a kinapangaljan a paljavak, tjaljaqavan ta sinzuking kata canhuaking.

aza yiliceng a kadjunangan tu 252&amp;nbsp;km², masan tjaljaqacavan pakata ceng i taiwan.

hualien hici kata sincen guan izua mamaw a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan (tu 29.4095 km²), madrusa avan angata tjaljakedrian pakata kinapangaljan a paljavak i kalingu.

== caucau ==

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1960
|drusa puluq sa lima kudrav sa drusa a kuzulj sa drusaiday sa unem puluq sa sepatj a caucau (252,264 a caucau)
|—
|-
|1966
|tjelu puluq kudrav sa pitju a kuzulj sa drusaiday sa drusa puluq a caucau (307,220 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+21.8%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1970
|tjelu puluq sa tjelu kudrav sa lima a kuzulj sa pitju a taiday sa siva puluq sa siva a caucau (335,799 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+9.3%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1975
|tjelu puluq sa sepatj kudrav sa unem a kuzulj sa siva a taiday sa puluq sa sepatj a caucau (346,914 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+3.3%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1980
|tjelu puluq sa lima kudrav sa lima a kuzulj sa itaiday sa pitju puluq sa alu a caucau (355,178 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+2.4%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1985
|tjelu puluq sa unem kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa lima taiday sa sepatj puluq sa siva a caucau (361,549 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+1.8%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1990
|tjelu puluq sa lima kudrav sa drusa kuzulj sa drusaiday sa tjelu puluq sa tjelu a caucau (352,233 a caucau)
|−2.6%
|-
|1995
|tjelu puluq sa lima kudrav sa alu a kuzulj sa siva taiday sa alu puluq sa ita a caucau (358,981 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+1.9%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2000
|tjelu puluq sa lima kudrav sa tjelu a kuzulj sa unem a taiday sa tjelu puluq a caucau (353,630 a caucau)
|−1.5%
|-
|2005
|tjelu puluq sa sepatj kudrav sa lima kuzulj sa tjelu a taiday sa tjelu a caucau (345,303 a caucau)
|−2.4%
|-
|2010
|tjelu puluq sa tjelu kudrav sa alu a kuzulj sa alu a taiday sa lima a caucau (338,805 a caucau)
|−1.9%
|-
|2015
|tjelu puluq sa tjelu kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa siva taiday sa sepatj puluq sa lima a caucau (331,945 a caucau)
|−2.0%
|-
|2020
|tjelu puluq sa drusa kudrav sa sepatj a kuzulj sa tjelu a  taiday sa pitju puluq sa drusa a caucau (324,372 a caucau)
|−2.3%
|}
· ljemeqaca：neka

· mirazek：siulin(秀林)

· ika pasekakezeng：sincen(新城)、djian(吉安)

· sisekez：zusi(卓溪)、vunglin(鳳林)

· mekedri：zuvung(壽豐)、vuli(富里)、kuangvu(光復)、lisuy(瑞穗)

· selapay mekedri：wanrung(萬榮)、hualien hichi(花蓮市)、yili(玉里)、vungbin(豐濱)

* aicu a pakeljan ta caucau i kalingu king:

aza mareka caucau sedjelja i hualien hici kata djian guan.

aicu a caucau i cen (yilicen kata vunglincen) tjalja kerian a caucau i djian guan, au aicu a caucau penuljat madrusa a ceng tjalja kedrian ta i djian guan a caucau.

malua a caucau i vunglin, 90 a caucau /km², avan angata tjalja kerian a mavalidan i taiwan.

aicu a caucau i djian guan tu alu kudraw, avan angata tjalja tjuruvuan a guan i taiwan.

pakata caucau a mavalidan avan pitjavavaw 100 a caucau /km², izua hualien hici, djian guan kata sincen guan. 

* aicu ziriu patekuteku kemasi 2021 a cavilj sangac [https://web.archive.org/web/20171216064040/http://www.ris.gov.tw/zh_TW/346 資料] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ris.gov.tw/zh_TW/346|date=20171216064040}}

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!ngadan a
mula/cen
!pulingetjan nua
kadjunangan &lt;small&gt;（km²）&lt;/small&gt;
!mula
!talingan
!caucau
!mapavalitan
!mavalidan a  caucau
&lt;small&gt;（caucau/km²）&lt;/small&gt;
!sasupuan na yuzeng
!kadjunangan
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|hualien hichi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |29.4095
|44
|1070
| align=&quot;right&quot; |102,299
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-81&lt;/span&gt;
|3,478
|970
|pasaviri tua kalingu
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|vunglin cen
| align=&quot;right&quot; |120.5181
|12
|229
| align=&quot;right&quot; |10,787
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-23&lt;/span&gt;
|90
|975
|vecekadan tua kalingu
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|yili cen
| align=&quot;right&quot; |252.3719
|15
|318
| align=&quot;right&quot; |23,270
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-59&lt;/span&gt;
|92
|981
|pasanavalj tua kalingu
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|sincen
| align=&quot;right&quot; |29.4095
|8
|231
| align=&quot;right&quot; |19,999
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-37&lt;/span&gt;
|680
|971
|pasaviri tua kalingu
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|djian
| align=&quot;right&quot; |65.2582
|18
|528
| align=&quot;right&quot; |83,512
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-3&lt;/span&gt;
|1,280
|973
|pasaviri tua kalingu
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|zuvung
| align=&quot;right&quot; |218.4448
|15
|271
| align=&quot;right&quot; |17,494
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-24&lt;/span&gt;
|80
|974
|pasaviri tua kalingu
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|kuangvu
| align=&quot;right&quot; |157.1100
|14
|225
| align=&quot;right&quot; |12,325
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-4&lt;/span&gt;
|78
|976
|vecekadan tua kalingu
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|vungbin
| align=&quot;right&quot; |162.4332
|5
|75
| align=&quot;right&quot; |4,363
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-3&lt;/span&gt;
|27
|977
|vecekadan tua kalingu
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|lisuy
| align=&quot;right&quot; |135.5862
|11
|174
| align=&quot;right&quot; |11,282
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-8&lt;/span&gt;
|83
|978
|vecekadan tua kalingu
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|vuli
| align=&quot;right&quot; |176.3705
|13
|259
| align=&quot;right&quot; |9,966
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-8&lt;/span&gt;
|57
|983
|pasanavalj tua kalingu
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|siulin
| align=&quot;right&quot; |1641.8555
|9
|128
| align=&quot;right&quot; |16,165
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;+5&lt;/span&gt;
|10
|972
|pasaviri tua kalingu
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|wanrung
| align=&quot;right&quot; |618.4910
|6
|56
| align=&quot;right&quot; |6,195
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-6&lt;/span&gt;
|10
|979
|vecekadan tua kalingu
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|zusi
| align=&quot;right&quot; |1021.3130
|6
|106
| align=&quot;right&quot; |6,009
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-12&lt;/span&gt;
|6
|982
|pasanavalj tua kalingu
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|'''hualien king'''
| align=&quot;right&quot; |4628.5714
|176
|3,670
| align=&quot;right&quot; |323,666
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;'''-263'''&lt;/span&gt;
|70
|
|
|}

== zuku ==
ka 1926 a cavilj aza ziriu pakata semupu ta caucau a penuljat, izua 9900 a caucau nasevudjan, 7200 a caucau nasekuangdung. (ka cinting a djiday kata min a djiday pakata kinapangaljan a paljavak izua vudjansen kata kuangdungsen)

lja tja kigalju a mirazek, izua tjatjuruvuan a sikakudan na kacalisian imaza: izua  amizuku, taiya zuku, tairuku zuku, bunun zuku, sacilaya zuku, kemalan zuku, sidiqe zuku i kalingu.

pakata ziriu ka 2016 a cavilj sepatj qiljas, a caucau na kacalisian i kalingu, izua  56,362 a caucau i lizuk, izua 35,830 a cuacau i gadu, au a caucau a penuljat avan 92,192. avan angata ta 25 % tua kalingu a caucau a penuljat. au tjaljaqacavan a kadjunangan a amizuku. saka izua tauta 30 % a ngaingai zuku, pirang kata ciyukuk zuku i maza.

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|kisiya a djalan
|-
|taiwan kisiya kanricy
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan kemasi kalinku pasa taitu
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i pasa viri
|-
|kunglu
|-
|masansivalulj a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|masansivalj a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|masansivalj a bin(丙) a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|masansimuluq sa ita a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|masansimuluq sa ita a tja(甲) djalanan i taiwan
|-
|masansimuluq sa ita a bin(丙) djalanan i taiwan
|-
|masansimuluq sa sepatj a tja(甲) djalanan i taiwan
|-
|masansika drusamuluq sa tjelu a djalanan i taiwan

kemasi vuli pasa dunghe(東河)
|-
|masansika tjelumuluq a djalanan i taiwan

yucan(玉長) kunglu
|-
|vinaciqan ta djalan
|-
|itaiday siva puluq sa tjelu a vinaciqan        
|-
|basu
|-
|basu a ding dung
|-
|basu a ku kang
|-
|basu a kalingu
|-
|basu a tairuku
|-
|basu a kamalan
|-
|basu a vungyan
|-
|basu kemasi taipaq pasa kalingu a tjaljavavavan ta djalan
|-
|basu a taipaq
|-
|basu a dunglian
|-
|basu a sudu
|-
|hikugiu
|-
|kalingu hikugiu
|-
|tjasan hikugiu na sivitai
|-
|kalingu hikugiu na sivitai
|-
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek
|-
|kalingu a minatu
|-
|heping a minatu pakata kuba
|-
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a setipin
|-
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a yenliaw
|-
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a kalingu
|}

== sinupuan ==
aza ziriu ka 2009 a cavilj pakata kalingu sihu, tucu izua lima a daigaku, puluq sa tjelu a kaucung a gaku, drusa puluq sa sepatj a gaku na kutjung kata taiday sa pitju a gaku na kukumin. ljakua a caucau sedjelj a nasemasasaw, au memapulju a situ, izua gaku rinevuranga.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|daigaku
|-
|na sihu dunghua daigaku
|-
|zeci daigaku
|-
|zeci keci daigaku
|-
|na taiwan daigaku pakata kinasengesengan kata kakanan
|-
|dahan daigaku
|-
|kaucung a gaku
|-
|kalingu kaucung a gaku
|-
|na vavayan kaucung a gaku i kalingu
|-
|yili kaucung a gaku
|-
|na sihu kalingu tatuluan ta pakata kemuda pavelid a sengsengan a gaku
|-
|na sihu kalingu tatuluan ta pakata kuba a sengsengan a gaku
|-
|na sihu kalingu tatuluan ta pakata nugiu a sengsengan a gaku
|-
|na sihu kuangvu tatuluan ta pakata pavelid kata kuba a sengsengan a gaku
|}

== kakipucemelan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|kakipucemelan
|-
|kakipucemelan a mennu (門諾)
|-
|kakipucemelan a mennu i zuvung
|-
|kakipucemelan a yili nua wyvupu
|-
|kakipucemelan a yili nua zeci
|-
|kakipucemelan a kalingu nua sivitai a kuga
|-
|kakipucemelan a vunglin nua taipaq rungmin biuing
|-
|kakipucemelan a kalingu nua wyvupu
|-
|kakipucemelan a kalingu nua wyvupu i vungbin
|}

== kivangavangan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|kuka kakivangvangan
|-
|tairuku nua kuka kakivangvangan
|-
|yusan(玉山) nua kuka kakivangvangan
|-
|kuka kinakalevelevan kadjunangan
|-
|ljaviljaving a pakacemedasan nua kuka kinakalevelevan kadjunangan
|-
|kalingu kata valangaw sevesevec a lizulizuk nua kuka kinakalevelevan kadjunangan
|-
|pukasikasivan a kivanvangan
|-
|vuyan(富源) kuka pukasikasivan a kivanvangan
|-
|cenan(池南) kuka pukasikasivan a kivanvangan
|-
|hehuansan(合歡山) kuka pukasikasivan a kivanvangan
|}
pakata ziriu a &quot;台灣博物館名錄&quot; ka 2004 a cavilj siva qiljas, izua sasqetjan ta paridiu a sicuacuayan a nanemanga umaq i kalinguking :
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sinan papaljizavan tua nemangamanga umaq
|-
|na sihu taitu kakudanan sasqetjan ta paridiu a sicuacuayan a nanemanga umaq
|-
|kalinguking sasqetjan ta paridiu a sicuacuayan a nanemanga umaq pakata vincikan ta qaciljay
|-
|kalingu pakata kisiya a djalan a kakudanan umaq
|-
|taiduking kacalisian sinan papaljizavan tua nemangamanga umaq
|-
|sunyen umaq (na ripun sivitai a kinaizuanan)
|-
|djian qinaljan amizuku sinan papaljizavan tua nemangamanga umaq
|-
|daypalang amizuku sinan papaljizavan tua nemangamanga umaq
|-
|vunglin ngaingai sinan papaljizavan tua nemangamanga umaq
|}

a i kalingu riuku mirazek aravac, sasanguwaq a kadjunangan izua tairuku a nua kuka kakivangvangan, kalingu sema taitu sevesevecan a lizulizuk kata paka ljaviljaving. a remayurangan a sengsegnan temalidu aravac, saka liaw a kasiuljayan a umaq, mata siva taiday a makalap, au izua liaw a racev, vencik tua kasiw,vencik tua qaciljay, vurasi a cinekuru aljualju,yukan, mareka maljaljian a qaciljay.

==== aza ziriu pakata caucau kivanvang a semamaza ====
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!cavilj
!caucau a penuljat pakata cavilj
!caucau pakata ljemitaqiljas
!&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;
-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|2014
|10,431,057
|869,255
| +14.67%
|-
|2015
|10,088,781
|906,898
| +4.33%
|-
|2016
|9,556,827
|796,402
| -12.18%
|-
|2017
|10,278,433
|856,536
| +7.55%
|-
|2018
|9,032,927
|752,744
| -12.12%
|-
|2019
|10,956,540
|913,045
| +21.30%
|-
|2020
|14,335,655
|1,194,638
| +30.84%
|}
pakata ziriu a kuankuangcy na kalingu kingsihu ka 2019 a cavilj pitju qiljas, aza caucau kivanvang a semamaza tu 1,352,774. izua tu 281,500 a caucau sema dungdamen yachi, izua tu 34,775 a caucau sema i nanan(南安) pakata sasekezan kata papavelian a kakituluan. avan angata tjaljavavavan ta vecik pitjaivililj. au aza penuljat a caucau semamaza ka 2019 a cavilj 10,956,540. (penapamapamaw lemita qiljas avan 913,045 a caucau), masan a sangasangasan. 

== sinkiw ==
aicu a kalingu king i pasakacedas nua i taiwan, izua malji a qivu “pasaliku ta gadu”. avan nu tjaljaqacavan a kadjunangan a king i taiwan. avan ca ika kinapalak nanemanemanga a kakivangvangan racev saka masan tjalja pungadan. lja ika mirazek a siubay, saka sedjel a kacalisian, sivitay kata kumuing. azua pakata sinkiw a tadjalan a sidjiyan kumintang(國民黨) a tjaliaw, ljakua mata 1992 a cavilj, livawiyuan(立法委員) a sinkiw, aza na mindjingtang(民進黨) ti 黃信介 a kamakama djemamaq tua kalingu king a livawiyuan. au avan zua makeljang anga mindjingtang i kalingu.

== mareqali  i gaikuku ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|kuga
|senhun
|hici
|cavilj
|-
|1
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Korea.svg|25x25px]]  [[kuria]]
|chungcheong-buk
|jecheon
|2012
|}</text>
      <sha1>1fcpbx1kiuddl1h8bcmnqduaraxyv03</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kam</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>48</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12283</id>
      <parentid>11119</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T09:26:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>12283</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="779" sha1="t331c7tmx79mdub5ht35dj8oa359uvp" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:贵州黎平侗族服饰.jpg|thumb|250px|Kam zuku]]
aicu a '''Kam''' (Kinaman: Gaeml, IPA: /kɐm˥/) zuku nuaya mavan na i [[Tailiku]] a kaizuanan. nasepaljavak tjai [[Tailiku]], [[Vietnam]], katjai Myanmar a Kam zuku.

==supu==
a supu nua Kam a caucau tucu, izua man 2,879,974 sakaizua, qau tjaljatjuruvuan a i pinui  [[Tailiku]]an a Kam a caucau.

{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+supu na supu (2000)
|-
! kukka
! supu
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of China.svg|25px]] [[Tailiku]] 
|align=right|2,879,974
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Laos.svg|25px]] Laukue
|align=right|
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Vietnam.svg|25px]] Vietnam
|align=right|
|-
! Total
!align=right|2,960,293
|-
|}

==pungadan a caucau==
* Su Yu
* Lu Yong
* Li Ting

==pacunu uta==
* [[Viet]]</text>
      <sha1>t331c7tmx79mdub5ht35dj8oa359uvp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kavulungan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>49</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12512</id>
      <parentid>12511</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-07-12T04:06:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dradran</username>
        <id>857</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* vinecikan nua kakudan */</comment>
      <origin>12512</origin>
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      <text bytes="3646" sha1="ibvf61yyjbvfn32whkn1pz3fywb4kzj" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#EAC100	; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |kavulungan
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:Dawu Mt+Hunag Chung Yu黃中佑+17755.jpg|250px]]
|- style=&quot;background:#EAC100; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |vinarungan tua kadjunangan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|vavavan na kadjunangan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |3,092 m
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|sinikeljang tua kaizuan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |&lt;small&gt;22°37′37.4″ a viri 120°45′41″ a kacedas&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#EAC100; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |inuan i tua taiwan
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:Taiwan relief location map.jpg|230px]]
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#EAC100; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |zumanga a ngadan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinairangan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |pak-tāi-bú-san
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|ciniukuan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |北大武山
|-
|}

aicu a i kavulungan mavan a tjaljaqacaqacan a gadu i pasa navalj i [[Taiwan]], pinapu ngadan tua i '''Tjagaraus''' uta. i '''Kavulungan''' a kiniveqacan nua [[Paiwan]]. namasan pazangal a '''Kavulungan''' i ta kakudanan nua [[Paiwan]]. namasan pazangal a kavulungan i ta nia kakudanan.

kakulungan a i ljaljaqedian tua vuday a qucapungan (siaya a kucapungane katua &lt;small&gt;好茶村&lt;/small&gt; uta) nua qakaw, taiwu a 泰武村 nua [[Qakaw king|qakaw]] kata jinfung a 嘉蘭村 nua [[Taitu king|taitu]] i taiwan, mavananga tjaljaqaca a gadu i 大武, a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan a kavulugan, avan a tjelu a kuzulj sa siva a puluq kata drusa a vavavan a maru tadjekuacan, a tjaljaqaca a gadu itjainavalj tua gaduan ta vecekadan. aicu a kavulugan, mavananga a tjaqaca tua tjelu a kuzulj a vavavan a maru tadjekuacan a gadu i qakaw i taiwan uta, sa izuazua i tjaljanavalj a gaduan nua tayday a gadu na taiwan (百岳) nua gaduan ta vecekadan.

saka, masa nekanga a tjaqaca a gadu tua kavulugan i gaduan ta vecekadan ipasaqaca a kemasi navalj ta virilj tua tjelu a 公里, sa mavan a mapaljakev a gadu itjainavalj ta taiwan. 

kasicuyan, izuazua a kacalisiyan i kavulugan, sa a kavulungan avan a tjaljapazanalan tua gaduan i kakudan nua paywan kata drekai. rusinansenay ta ngadan na kavulungan na kacalisiyan, sa pazangal aravac a pacugan i kakudan nua kacalisiyan. saka, inia amin a izua i tayday a gadu na taiwan a kavulungan, izua kata 玉山, 雪山, 南湖大山, 秀姑巒山, mavananga a“lima a gaduan nua taiwan(台灣五嶽)”uta. izua a drusa a kuzulj sa alu a iday kata sepatj a puluq kata ita a a vavavan a maru tadjekuacan a 南大武山 itjainavalj ta kavulugan.


[[sineqetj a vecik:日出前的北大武山.jpg|thumb|230px|right|nu cemedas i kavulungan]]

==kinakemudan nua gadugaduan==

tjaljaqaca azua a kavulugan, ljawa qelicing aravac a gadugaduan, sa ljaviljaving a ceva itua kaledep kata kacedas, matu venuciqan tua dangas, nu pacun a kemasi virilj tjainavalj tazua a gaduan, a kinakemudan matu a kalipunugan a gadu.

==vinecikan nua kakudan==

izua a pazangalan kata kinakemudan nua kavulugan a sinan tua ljavaran ta vinecik kata kinisenayan na 詩人 nua paywan kata 藝術家. vinecikanga na 民歌之父胡德夫 ta semayan a 大武山美麗的媽媽 tua kinisenayan ta kavulugan, sa izuanga a vinecik na 龍應台 ta &quot;大武山下,&quot; vinecik na 鍾理和 nua ngayngay ta &quot;登大武山記.&quot;


==kinaqadavan==
ljaljeqel aravac a i Kavulungan.</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kebalan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>50</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12294</id>
      <parentid>12174</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T13:59:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
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      <text bytes="2795" sha1="ewfa78nohxug8kfnlsdejl8vo3nptdt" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CE0000; text-align:center; color: white; font-weight:bold&quot; |kebalan
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:鳥居龍藏所攝加禮宛噶瑪蘭族人.jpg|frameless]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CE0000; color: white; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sasupuan nua kinadriungan
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|qadjav a ma 1,531 a caucau&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(vinecik ka 5 a qiljas nua kacaviljan a 2021)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CE0000; color: white; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |kinaizuan
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|lanak a kebalan (gilan king tucu)
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CE0000; color: white; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | kai
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|kai a kebalan, pinairangan, ciniukuan
|-
|}
[[sineqetj a vecik:Women of Kebalan 20150626.jpg|thumb|caucau a kebalan]]
aicu a '''Kebalan''' zuku nuaya mavan na imaza i [[Taiwan|Taivang]] a [[kacalisian]]. nasepaljavak tjai Gilan katjai [[Kalinku king|Kalinku]] king a Kebalan zuku. 

matjatjelu a zuku izua i tua caucau a kebalan i lanak niamadju. mavananga izua caucau a qauqaut, a turubiawan, katua kebalan. kinaizuanan niamadju aicu a lanak nua kebalan (siayaya aicu a lizuk a lanyang uta taza kaqinaljanan nua sekebalan). patagilj a caucau sepairang a kaizuazua a temalem imaza i yilan gu tucu kemasi tua kacavilj a qadjav a 1700 ka djinaljun niamadju.

==pungadan a kadjunangan==
maretimaljimalji a sinivecikan nua pairang kasicuayan aza vecik a ciniukuan tua kadjunangan a kebalan, matu aicu a &quot;''葛瑪蘭'',&quot; &quot;''蛤仔蘭'',&quot; &quot;''蛤仔難'',&quot; &quot;''甲仔難'',&quot; &quot;''甲子難''.&quot; sa, aicu a kebalan a sipasemalaw nua kai a kebalan tua kaizuazua a caucau i lanak katua lizuk.

==cinalivatan==
katjaisangas tu djinaljunan nua caucau a sehelan, neka vavecikan nua caucau a kebalan i tua qinaljan niamadju. saka izuamin a sikeljang nua rusanvenaruvarung tua [[likisi]] taicu a cinalivatan nua kebalan a caucau katua qinaljan. pinapukeljang nua rusanvenaruvarung i lirenkui (Li Jen-kuei) tua kai aicu a sikudan nua siniayan a  kai a kebalan a namaya tua kai nua pazih, kai nua amis, kai nua siraya (patjara kai a siraya, izua kinakaian a siraya, taivuan, katua makatu). saka, sinipasemalaw aicu a kinaizuan nua sevalitan niamadju a i pasatainan.

==qinaljan==
===qinaljan i gilan king tucu===
*qinaljan a liuliu
*qinaljan a kirippoan 
*qinaljan a varivuhan
===qinaljan i kalinku king===
*qinaljan a pateRungan
*qinaljan a kodic 
*qinaljan a kaliyawan
===qinaljan i valangaw===
*qinaljan a polo't 
*qinaljan a kolado't

==pacunu uta==
* [[Taiwan]]
* [[kacalisian]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Tjaljaqavus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>51</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12350</id>
      <parentid>12349</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-06T03:13:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* racev */</comment>
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      <text bytes="7105" sha1="2s4ei7ypfpdvm9s8mt1b08lvy3ilyno" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''laiyi guan'''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Rai - Lâigī - (Laiyi, Pingtung County).svg|thumb|center|rai imaza (qudjidji a pinakeljang)]]
|-
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|akaw
|-
|sicuayan a ngadan
|rai(內社)
|-
|sepaljavak
|pitju a mula, alu puluq sa siva a talingan
|-
|kai
|pinaiwanan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
|
-莊景星(pacun ta guciu na rai)

-naserai a gukusiu

-daihiyukay na rai

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan 
|167.7756km²
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|pitju a taiday sa drusa puluq a maru vavavan tadjekuacan (720m) 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na cawcau


-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-pitju a kuzulj sa sepatj a taiday sa puluq sa ita caucau (7,411) (2021 a cavilj sigac)

-masansika drusapuluq sa unem(26)

-drusa kuzulj sa drusaiday sa lima puluq sa alu a paljingan(2,258)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|922
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10013300
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|kuljauc, wanluan(萬巒), sinpi(新埤), vangljaw(枋寮), kasugagu, daren kata kinzang
|}

laiyi guan imaza i pasakacedas a vecekadan tua akaw king, i viri nakidjekec tua kuljauc, a i kacedas nakidjekec tua taituking a daren kata kinzang, a i keledep nakidjekec tua wanluan kata sinpi, au a i pasakaledep a navalj mavananga a i vangljaw, au i navalj nakidjekec tua kasugagu. izua tu pitju a kuzulj sa sepatj taiday a caucau, a tjuruvuan masanmusalj a kacalisian a guan i akaw tja kedri ta i timur. aza sikataqaljan sedjelj a paiwan zuku. avan nu tjatjuruvuan a paiwan caucau pakata a kinapangaljan a paljavak i taiwan.

== cinalivatan ==
laiyi guan sedjelj a paiwan zuku a kinaizuanan. tiamadju avan nu pavuwavuwa a qinaljan na se vuculj. ka ripun a djiday, aicu a kadjunangan sipavecik paakawting(阿猴廳) kata takawzu(高雄州) sa kanrivi. kapuamin a maqaqeci, lemindjelj ta gukusiu i tjaljaqavus, au sipungadan ta “laiyi guan”, sipavecik pasa tua takaw king sa kanrivi, ka 1950 a cavilj pavalitan ta akaw king sa kanrivi patjeljatucu.

== kadjunangan ==
aicu a kadjunangan imaza i pasakaledep a vecekadan gadugaduan, a ljavavavan nua gadu kimaya itua tjelu taiday a maru tadjekuacan, tjaliaw a gadu kata maruqalu tu  ljatjaladj aravac. avan nusekuya sana kauvu a kinakadjunangan, a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledev.

izua laise(來社) pana, waluse(瓦魯斯) pana, djiandawui(尖刀尾) pana, lili(力里) pana kata liaw i livay a tjakakedrian a pana seqaljudj pasa maza, au aza na linbien(林邊) pana qapulu kemasi kuljauc pasakaledep a navalj a kavulungan, aza i zaya nua waluse pana ljaqedi ta laiyi a tjakudrang macacevung kata laise pana au seqaljudj pasakaledep a navalj, patje ljaqedi ta i calasiv a tjakudrang au ljisasaw ta maruqal, mumalj seqaljudj pasakeledep a navalj. akeledep a navalj. . 

== guciu ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|guciu
|-
|sangasangasan 
|連天生
|-
|sikamasanmusalj 
|高得成
|-
|sikamasan tjelulj kata sikamasan simatjelj
|連天生
|-
|sikamasanlimalj
|高得成
|-
|sikamasan nemelj kata sikamasan pitjulj
|洪平順
|-
|sikamasan valulj
|羅安道
|-
|sikamasan sivalj kata sikamasan simuluq 
|曾華德
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka ita
|陳金榜
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka drusa kata sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu
|連正勝
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj
|廖秋山
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka lima
|竇望義
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka unem
|廖志強
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka pitju
|竇望義
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka alu
|竇望義(mavaveli)
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka siva
|莊景星(mumalj a sinkiu)
|}

==paljavak tua kadjunangan==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|mula
|qinaljan
|-
|古樓
|[[kuljaljau]]
|-
|望嘉
|[[vungalid]]
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |南和
|[[takamimura]](高見)
|-
|[[payljus]](白鷺)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |丹林
|[[calasiv]]
|-
|[[siljevavav]]
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |義林
|[[tjanaqasiya]]
|-
|[[tjuwaqau]](大後)
|-
|文樂
|[[pucunug]]
|-
|來義
|[[tjaljaqavus]]
|}

== caucau ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1981
|pitju a kuzulj sa sepatj a taiday sa unem puluq sa lima a caucau (7,465 a caucau)
|—    
|-
|1986
|pitju a kuzulj sa sepatj a taiday sa pitju puluq sa tjelu a caucau (7,473 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+0.1%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1991
|pitju a kuzulj sa unem a taiday sa tapuluq a caucau (7,610 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+1.8%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1996
|pitju a kuzulj sa siva taiday sa unem puluq a caucau (7,960 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+4.6%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2001
|alu a kuzulj sa puluq sa ita a caucau (8,011 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+0.6%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2006
|pitju a kuzulj sa alu a taiday sa alu puluq sa unem a caucau (7,886 a caucau)
|−1.6%
|-
|2011
|pitju a kuzulj sa unem a taiday sa alu puluq sa alu a caucau (7,688 a caucau)
|−2.5%
|-
|2016
|pitju a kuzulj sa sepatj a taiday sa siva puluq sa sepatj a caucau (7,494 a caucau)
|−2.5%
|-
|2021 sangac
|pitju a kuzulj sa sepatj a taiday sa puluq sa pitju a caucau (7,417 a caucau)
|−1.0%
|}

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''kunglu'''
|-
|'''vinaciqan ta djalan'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWpt106.svg|23px]] akaw itaiday sa unem a vinaciqan  
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWpt110.svg|23px]] akaw itaiday sa puluq a vinaciqan  
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWpt113.svg|23px]] akaw itaiday sa puluq sa tjelu a vinaciqan  
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWpt115.svg|23px]] akaw itaiday sa puluq sa lima a vinaciqan  
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWpt118.svg|23px]] akaw itaiday sa puluq sa alu a vinaciqan           
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''basu'''
|-
|basu a akaw
|}

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|kaucung a gaku
|-
|rai kaucung a gaku 
|-
|gaku na kutjung
|-
|gaku na kutjung kitjeljc rai kaucung a gaku
|-
|gaku na kukumin 
|-
|gaku na kukumin a rai
|-
|gaku na kukumin a pucunug
|-
|gaku na kukumin a nanhe(南和)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a kuljaljau
|-
|gaku na kukumin a vungalid
|}

== kivangvangan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|古樓部落五年祭
|maljeveq i kuljaljau
|-
|丹林吊橋、丹林瀑布群
|calasiv tjakudrang, calasiv taljitiu
|-
|來義大峽谷
|sisigu a paljaljavak 
|-
|古樓登山步道
|kuljaljau a semagadu a djaladjalan    
|-
|棚集山
|pengdji gadu
|-
|屏東縣來義鄉原住民文物館
|akawking laiyiguan kacalisian sinan papaljizavan tua nemangamanga umaq 
|-
|二峰圳
|evung hisiu
|}

== racev ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|小米
|[[vaqu]]
|-
|芒果
|[[manges]]
|-
|芋頭
|[[vasa]]
|-
|花生
|[[paketjaw]]
|-
|甘藷
|[[vurasi]]
|-
|相思樹
|[[tjuqulj]]
|-
|油桐
|[[aburakili a hana]]
|-
|樹豆
|[[puk]]
|-
|祈納福
|[[cinavu]]
|}
&lt;gallery&gt;
小米 - panoramio.jpg|vaqu
冰讃芒果雪花冰.jpg|manges
芋頭.jpg|vasa
Tongin Market Peanut 01.jpg|paketjaw
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>2s4ei7ypfpdvm9s8mt1b08lvy3ilyno</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lanyu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>52</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12655</id>
      <parentid>12654</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-09-24T07:52:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* palidring a djalan */</comment>
      <origin>12655</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7967" sha1="89xbhmaith417dkpl3yb4q9817j1hr1" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;  align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |[[File:Penayuanan ta pongso no tao.ogg|thumb|penayuanan ta pongso no tao]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''tamazatu''' &lt;br&gt;(pongso no tao)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Orchid Island 2008.jpg|thumb|center|a i pasaljavek tazua tamazatu (pongso no tao)]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Ponso no Tao.jpg|thumb|center|caucau a tao kata varukur niamadju]] 
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|na tjaivavav a pangaljan nua kaizuanan
|[[Taitu king]] (taitung county)
|-
|kisanlalaing ta pangaljan nua kaizuanan
|夏曼‧迦拉牧
|-
|sasupuan tua pasalavaan na kadjunangan
|48.3892 km2
|-
|sasupuan ta caucau
|5,082
|-
|}


'''tamazatu''' (pongso no tao, Lanyu, 蘭嶼鄉)

Lanyu gu icuwa i [[Taitung]]. ala atjunangn mapuljat 47.04&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang 0&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 43.17&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 5,035 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 1,798 a daceneqlan, Yami(Tao)（達悟族） (84%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

izua ljavek a namasanvecekad taicu a '''tamazatu''' (pongso no tao) katua [[Taiwan|taiwan]]-- inika mamaw a kadjunangan a matjadrusa. mavan tjakinakeljangan a pongso ayain aicu a kadjunangan nia caucau se tao imaza. lja kazuazua a tao a caucau imaza i pongso cu kasicuayan.

aicu a tamazatu (pongso no tao) a pinapungadan na maretimaljimalji a kinakaian: aicu a liljaw a ayain nia caucau sepaiwan; âng-thâu-sū kata âng-tāu-sū a ayain nia pairang; futud a ayain nia pangcah(caucau se amis); butud a ayain nia caucau se sakizaya; butrulr a ayain nia caucau se puyuma; pangkalkalan a ayain nia caucau se bunun.

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 4 qinaljan i Lanyu. matja 6 qinaljan imaza, [[Ivalino]]（野銀部落）, [[Iranmeylek]]（東清部落）, [[Yayo]]（椰油部落）, [[Iratay]]（漁人部落）, [[Imaorod]]（紅頭部落）, [[Iraraley]]（朗島部落）.

==kasicuayan==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Luzon Strait n7184.jpg|thumb|right|200px|kasicuayan a pinapungadan taza tamazatu a ''Botel Tobago''.]]
nu cavilj a 1644, tjaisangasangasan, djemaljun savitjai se gaikuku(Dutch) a sema '''tamazatu''' (pongso no tao). na vaik tiamadju a ljemizaw tua anemanema izua i pongso no tao. temideq tua cavilj, nu cavilj a 1645, mumalj a ljaljizawan niamadju a i pongso no tao.

izua a tjaucikel i pongso no tao a vinecikan ni 黃叔璥(caucau se ciuku), aicu a supu ayain 臺海使槎錄. nu qadjav a cavilj a 1700~1800, djemaljun a pairang a sema pongso no tao. izua maretimaljimalji a kai a matjarusa, sa inika makakeljang tiamadju. ka vililjananga a pinapacaian a tao nia pairang. pakavililj, mumalj a djemaljun a pairang kata caucau se qalu i pongso no tao. tucu, na qemeceng a papacai a tao ta pairang kata caucau se qalu. sa nia caucau a tao a kinizangan a kadjunangan a pongso no tao.

patjezuanga a dripun kata ciuku a kikarivu nu 1895 a cavilj, a shimonoseki (kakaian a drinipunan, ta puvarukuran i dripun) izua sinivecikan ta pinavavecikan a sinanpapasusuan nia caucau se dripun kata caucau se ciuku (ayain a pinavavecikan a shimonoseki). kinavenecikan a sinanpapasusuan aicu a sikamasanmusalj a sasupuan, sikamasanmusalj a vinecikan, mavan a paljavak a dripun ta pongso no tao kata taiwan. tazua inika maqati a caucau se taiwan a vaik sema pongso no tao. ljakua, temapavanga a sihu a dripun ta sisantapavan na venaruvarung imaza.

==kadjunangan==
i pasakaledep tua taipingyang (ljavek a pacific) a tamazatu (pongso no tao). i pasakacedas tua ilaod (a pinapungadan ta taiwan nia caucau a tao) a pongso no tao. i pasanavalj tua jitanasey (hoé-sio-tó/le̍k-tó) a pongso no tao.

==caucau==
a sinupuan a tja kai a sivaruvarung ta caucau a tao kata zuma a caucau se kacalisian i taiwan, aicu a tja kai a kinacalisian a namaya ta kakaian se kuni a austronesian. sa kasicuayan, izua a caucau ayain a autronesian a nu kemasi maza i pongso no tao patje iainuan a kuni a austronsesian tucu, maru batan (batan island) kata pilipinas (Philippines).

nu pinaljavakan a pongso no tao nia dripun, izua pitju a maretimaljimalji a qinaljan ayain 小字. kemasi ta djadjaljunan a sihu a kmt patje tucu, izua anga a unem a qinaljan i pongso no tao:

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!kakaian a yami(tao)!!kakaian se ciuku!!kakaian se dripun!!zazuman
|-
| jiayo / yayo || 椰油&lt;small&gt; (雅又) &lt;/small&gt;||ヤユー ||
|-
| jiraralay / iraraley || 朗島&lt;small&gt;（伊拉拉來）&lt;/small&gt; || イララライ||
|-
| jiranmilek / iranmeylek || 東清&lt;small&gt;（伊然枚樂可）&lt;/small&gt; || イラヌミリク||
|-
| jivalino / ivalino || 野銀&lt;small&gt;（伊伐里怒）&lt;/small&gt; || イワギヌ||inika mula, valino ayain anemanema maru [[quai]]
|-
| jimowrod / imowzod || 紅頭&lt;small&gt;（伊莫潤）&lt;/small&gt; || イマウルツル||
|-
| jiratay  / iratey || 漁人&lt;small&gt;（伊拉代）&lt;/small&gt; || イラタイ ||nasetevelj ta jimowrod nu 1946 a cavilj
|-
| iwatas   / ivatas || 伊瓦達斯 || イワタス  ||nasetevelj ta jiayo nu 1940 a cavilj
|}


izua 5,157 a caucau a mapuljat i pongso no tao tucu. tjatjuruvu a caucau a tao, izua a 4,303 a caucau a tao a qadjav. cuaicuayanga, kakemasi a caucau a tao ta batan patje imaza i pongso no tao. namaya a kakaian a drusa, mavan a maretimaljimalji a caucau a kiljavaran tucu a qadaw. manasika aicu a pinacacikeljan niamadju.

==papupaysu==
kasicuayan a tja kakudakudan nia caucau a tao, katemalem a vavayan tua soli(ayain vasa na ljavek), keytan(vasa), wakey(vurasi), kadayi(vaqu), kata zumazuma. kakiciqav a uqaljay. paquzip tiamadju uta. sipapupaysu nia caucau a rarayurangan i pongso no tao tucu.
===tataleman===
izua soli(ayain vasa na ljavek), keytan(vasa), wakey(vurasi), kadayi(vaqu) i pongso no tao.
===kakiciqavan===
izua ciqav, gang, kata djepelang i pongso no tao. sinikakudan nia caucau a tao a kakanen ta ciqav: izua oyoda among(bulay a ciqav) kata ra’et a among(kuya a ciqav). kakeman a vavayan ta oyoda among; kakeman a uqaljay ta ra’et a among.

==tatuluan==
izua lima a kedrikedri a gakku imaza i pongso no tao. neka daigakku imaza.

== kakipucemelan ==
neka a kakipucemelan i pongso no tao. ljakua izua ta isisiu na gukusiu. nu selapayanga a saqetju a caucau imaza, sa vaik tiamadju a sema valangaw a kipucemecemel.

==iyubingkiuku (yuzeng)==

===sasupuan na iyubingkiuku===
952 a sasupuan na iyubingkiku se pongso no tao (lanyu).

== kivangavangan ==

===jimagaod===
jimagaod ayain uta a kakedriyan a pongso no tao. i pasakacedas a navalj ta pongso no tao. macadja a tjelu a nm (1nm=1.852km) kemasi pongso no tao patje jimagaod.

===zumanga a kivangavangan===
&lt;gallery&gt;
Kaiyuan Harbor.jpg|puvarukuran na kaiyuan
Lanyu Airport building front 2008b.jpg|puhikukian na lanyu
Langyu seaside.jpg|pasaljavek
Langyu smallskypool.jpg|puzaljuman
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==sipacacikelan==

===[[palidring]] a djalan===
aicu a kinivalidiyan na djalan i pongso no tao. izua papubasu a kinmusalj taqadaw. rumakautubay a caucau imaza.

===kisiya djalan===
neka pukisiyan imaza i pongso no tao.

===[[gungkang]]===
maqati makagungkang kemasimaza i kaiyuan a puvarukuran a patje kenting, a patje puvarukuran a fugang i valangaw, a patje lekto.

===[[hikuki]]===
izua ta puhikukiyan imaza i pongso no tao tu seyseykedan no sikoki no irala (kakaiyan a yami). maqati makahikuki a kemasi imaza patje ljalevavanan ta hikuki i valangaw a hikuziyw.

==djamay==

===kakanen===
kasicuayan, na keman a caucau a tao tua ciqav. izua oyoda among(bulay a ciqav) kata ra’et a among(kuya a ciqav). ru keman a vavayan ta oyoda among a sangasangasan. sinivaian a ra’et a among ta uqaljay. aicu a sikakudakudan nia vuvu niamadju. izua saviki i pongso no tao uta. nu mangetjez a qaljaqalja a kivala sema tjaumaq, sivai a caucau a tao a saviki ta tja qaljaqalja.

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>89xbhmaith417dkpl3yb4q9817j1hr1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Luye</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>53</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12268</id>
      <parentid>11242</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T04:29:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* racev */-sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12268</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7680" sha1="7648zjvzabp7t238o7e8w9ko5x0vgfa" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''luye'''

(鹿野鄉)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Luye Highlands 20130813.jpg|thumb|center|luye]] 
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Luye Township.svg|thumb|center|luye imaza (qudjidji a pinakeljang)]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|taituking
|-
|sepaljavak
|pitju a mula, siva puluq sa pitju a talingan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
|
-李國強 (pacun ta guciu na luye) 

-naseluye a gukusiu

-daihiyukay na luye

|-
|pulingetjan nua kadjunangan 
|89.6980 km²
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|drusaiday sa sepatj puluq sa tjelu a maru vavavan tadjekuacan (243m) 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na caucau-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-pitju a kuzulj sa lima taiday sa unem puluq sa ita a caucau (7,561) (2021 a cavilj kata tjelu a qiljas)

-masansivalj 

-tjelu a kuzulj sa drusa puluq sa ita paljingan (3,021)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|955
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10014050
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|guansan, yanping, dunghe (avukud,) haydan
|}
[[sineqetj a vecik:鹿野鄉地名造景.jpg|縮圖|luye]]
luye guan (’inamizukuan: shikano, pinairangan: Lo̍k-iá-hiong, nginaingayngan: Luk Iaˊ Hiongˊ/Lu̍k-yâ-hiông) imaza i pasakacedas a vecekadan tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]] a [[Taitu king|taituking]], a i viri ciul mavan a guansan cen, a pasamaza i ledepan i viri kicencen nakipuljaqedi ta haydan gu, a i tjaikacedas mavan a dunghe, a i tjaikaledep kata pasanavalj nakicaing tua i yanping.

tucu i luye guan izua alu kuzulj a caucau, a pairang qevas 40%, a haka qevas 30%, a ilizulizuk a kacalisian qevas 20%, a zuma a caucau qevas 10%, izua mare maljimalji a zuku au natemalidu a kudakudan. pakata kinapangaljan a paljavak, izua luye, lungtien, yungan, rilung, riyan, rihe, rivung a matapitju a mula qinaljan. aza nugiu qevas qemuma izua 70%, avan nu nugiuan a qinaljan.

== cinalivatan ==
aicu a luye ka cinting a djiday sipavecik a paljavak ta pakuangsiang (廣鄉) a kicapilj. ka ripunanga a djiday pavalitan ta taidu ting guansan djin (郡) luye zuang (庄), kapuamin a maqaqeci pavalitan ta luye guan, ljakua aza a parikunghu (雷公火) sa kanrivi, izua sanye (上野), zungye (中野), siaye (下野) sipavecik a tjemevetjevelj a masan lusan (鸞山) mula, au sipaljavak ta yanping guan. izua drusa a kasizuan a kai a pakata luye gu, kasicuayan aicu a imaza cemelcemelan a kadjunangan, izua nu semamamaza a venan a kemin ta kakanan, sika papungadanan ta “luye” aya. a masanitalj a kai, ka ripun a djiday, nalemindjelj aza ripun ta sipatjavat a kaizuanan nua uri sekawmalj a caucau, masa pasekaumalj ta luye nugiu a pasasingsi (新潟) guan, ripun pavalitan a sicuayan a kangadanan a “luljaw” a masan “luye”, au kapuamin ta maqaqeci, avananga a ngadan a patje tucu.

kemasi taidu hici, makamaza i masansivalj a djalanan a taiwan pasaviri, cemalivat tua izua lusepitj a luye maruqalu, sa cemalivat uta ta luye pana, mapacungangan tjaljaqacaqaca a kazatjazatjan a kadjunangan, aicu avan a kakaian a kemasi tjai kamakama a taidu cizu (知州) a ti hucuan (胡傳) a pukai, “tjaljatjaljiqacaqacan a kazatjazatjan i valangaw” aya, avananga kinapalak laulju a kadjunangan, aicu a luye, nakakaizuanan nu venan, qaqinacapan na kacalisian, avan tauta a tjaljasansanguwaqan a kinaizuanan aya ripun. nuka zua nasekemasikeledep a sikataqaljan pinaka paravac niamadju a kakaizuanan a kadjunangan, ljakua tucu, avananga zua nakitjawla ta kumuyin a kakaizuanan, avan nu tauta a riuku naamasanpazangal a kakiunangan.

==paljavak tua kadjunangan==
matja pitju qinaljan i luye. matja pitju qinaljan imaza, parayapay (和平部落), rekat (永昌部落), efong (瑞源部落), pakala’ac (瑞興部落), pailasan (八伊拉善部落), salinliw (山領榴部落), kanao’pu (卡拿吾部部落).
== guciu ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|guciu
|-
|sangasangasan, sikamasanmusalj kata sikamasantjelulj 
|邱雲海
|-
|sikamasan simatjelj kata sikamasan limalj
|陳坤籠
|-
|sikamasan nemelj kata sikamasan pitjulj
|徐振武
|-
|sikamasan valulj kata sikamasan sivalj 
|陳玉在
|-
|sikamasan simuluq kata sikamasan simuluq saka ita 
|龔有恆
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka ita kata sikamasan simuluq saka drusa
|李仁生 (mumalj a sinkiu )
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu
|葉寶山
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj 
|張芳連
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka lima kata sikamasan simuluq saka unem
|林金真
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka pitju kata sikamasan simuluq saka alu
|李國強 (tucu)
|}

== caucau ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |caucau
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | +:metjeruvu

-:mavekelj (%)
|-
|1981
|ita kudrav sa tjelu kuzulj sa itaiday sa sepatj puluq sa sepatj a a caucau (13,144 a caucau)
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |— 
|-
|1986
|ita kudrav sa drusa kuzulj sa itaiday sa unem puluq sa pitju a caucau (12,167 a caucau)
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |−7.4%
|-
|1991
|ita kudraw sa ita kuzulj sa drusa puluq sa pitju a caucau (11,027 a caucau)
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |−9.4%
|-
|1996
|ita kudraw sa unem taiday sa tjelu puluq sa lima a caucau (10,635 a caucau)
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |−3.6%
|-
|2001
|siva kuzulj sa alu taiday sa siva a caucau (9,809 a caucau)
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |−7.8%
|-
|2006
|siva kuzulj sa itaiday sa drusa puluq sa alu a caucau (9,128 a caucau)
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |−6.9%
|-
|2011
|alu kuzulj sa sepatj taiday sa tjelu a caucau (8,403 a caucau)
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |−7.9%
|-
|2016
|alu kuzulj sa puluq sa alu a caucau (8,018 a caucau)
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |−4.6%
|-
|2021/2
|pitju kuzulj sa lima taiday sa pitju puluq sa siva a caucau (7,579 a caucau)
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |−5.5%
|}

== nasidjaravacan ==
aicu a luye imaza i kemasi kalinku a sema taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk, sipacacekelan na taqaljaqaljan, izua kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i taitu kata masansivalj a djalanan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]] makamaza. 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''kisiya a djalan'''
|-
|taiwan kisiya kanriki 
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i taitu
|-
|disiaba i rihe (瑞和)
|-
|disiaba i riyan
|-
|disiaba i sincen
|-
|'''basu'''
|-
|basu a ding dung
|-
|'''kunglu'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW9.svg|23px]] masansivalj a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW197.svg|23px]] itaiday siva puluq sa pitju a vinaciqan (guansan-luye-yanpin) 
|}

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sinupuan
|-
|gaku na kutjung
|-
|gaku na kutjung a luye
|-
|gaku na kutjung a riyan (瑞源)
|-
|gaku na kukumin
|-
|gaku na kukumin a luye
|-
|gaku na kukumin a yungan (永安)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a riyan (瑞源)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a rivung (瑞豐)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a lungtien (龍田)
|}

== kivangvangan ==
武陵綠色隧道 wuling qetjung

新良濕地 sinljang djukal

鹿野高台 luye na lja vavaw a kadjunangan

kemasi 2011 patagilj ljemita cavilj panri ta “ taiwan siniaya ta sapuy a paljevavaw a bulu a kamuku”

== racev ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|福鹿茶
|vulu utja
|-
|紅烏龍
|hung ulung utja 
|-
|紅甘蔗
|tjeves
|-
|鳳梨
|pangudrai
|-
|火龍果
|qudjidjilj a vinangalj
|-
|枇杷
|biwa
|-
|香蕉
|veljevelj
|-
|釋迦
|kidray
|-
|鳳梨釋迦
|pangudrai a kidray
|}
&lt;gallery&gt;
火龍果 - panoramio.jpg|qudjidjilj a vinangalj
枇杷 Eriobotrya japonica - panoramio.jpg|biwa
Cavendish banana from Maracaibo.jpg|veljevelj
瑞龍鳳梨.JPG|pangudrai
Sygar 1.jpg|kidray
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>7648zjvzabp7t238o7e8w9ko5x0vgfa</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Macia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>54</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12563</id>
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      <text bytes="2070" sha1="q1embramskwf1w6wyhmoo81j1cok00p" xml:space="preserve">{{See also|Makagu}}

aicu a '''Macia gu'''  na seqaqusa i [[Qakaw king|Qakaw]]. pulingetj a kadjunangan nua Macia gu masan 61.68 a kuzulj a mituru (maqlinpan atjunang 11.05 a kuzulj a mituru, maqlinaule atjunang 49.62 a kuzulj a mituru). izua malje 6,757 mapuljat imaza, ljakua izua malje 2,029 (96%) a  [[Payuan]] a caucau i Macia gu.

[[sineqetj a vecik:Majia PT.svg|261x261像素]]

==paljavak tua mula==
matja 6 mula i Macia. 
*[[Izici]]
*[[Payuan]]
*[[Kazangiljan]]
*[[Wakaba]]
*[[Masilidj]]
*[[makazayazaya|Makazayazaya]]

==guciu==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; | style=&quot;margin: 0px&quot; |
!--||ngadan||
|-
|1||Hepin Lin||
|-
|2||Hepin Lin||
|-
|3||Hepin Lin||
|-
|4||Dezi Chang||
|-
|5||Cuansun Ciu||
|-
|6||Cuansun Ciu||
|-
|7||Ciyan Liu||
|-
|8||Ciyan Liu||
|-
|9||Sunliang Kau||
|-
|10||Sunliang Kau||
|-
|11||Pauceng Hung||
|-
|12||Pauceng Hung||
|-
|13||Cungyi Lin||
|-
|14||Tjintji Kang||
|-
|15||Minsen Chen||
|-
|16||Minsen Chen||
|-
|17||Minhue Liang||tucu
|}

== kisacu ==
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20121120144906/http://www.ptpolice.gov.tw/%5FBranches/neipu/  Kisacuan nua Qakaw king sihu i Neipu]
**pukisacuan i Macia：001 Dl.Hungzin, Masilidj, Macia　(08)7991749
***pukisacuan i Masilidj
***pukisacuan i Itacuqu
***pukisacuan i Sanmin
**pukisacuan i Peisan：110 Dl.Hungzin, Masilidj, Macia　(08)7993206
**pukisacuan i Kazangiljan：83-1 Dl.Taipin, Kazanguljan, Macia　(08)7990163
***pukisacuan i Wakaba
***pukisacuan i Payuan

== kitulu ==
=== kusiaw ===
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20200624012049/http://www.byps.ptc.edu.tw/ na Qakaw a kusiaw i Masilidj]
*[https://web.archive.org/web/20210416000028/http://www.jyps.ptc.edu.tw/ na Qakaw a kusiaw i Kazangiljan]

==pungadan a caucau==
*[[Djanav Zengrur]]
*[[Masegseg Gadu]]

* [[Makagu]]

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]

{{Authority control}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>sitjumaq na sapitj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>12471</id>
      <parentid>12137</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-14T12:46:09Z</timestamp>
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        <id>1824</id>
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      <text bytes="10329" sha1="5ngxds8grvsxj2yf3whofcsoesi070y" xml:space="preserve">
&lt;div class=&quot;style=&amp;quot;top:10px;&quot; overflow:hidden; position:relative;&quot;&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;zun&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span lang=&quot;zun&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;background: white; padding-left: -1em; padding-right: -1em; overflow: hidden; position: relative;&quot;&gt;
   &lt;div style=&quot;position: absolute; width: 100%; overflow: hidden; margin-left: -1em; margin-right: -1em; margin-bottom: -90px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div align=&quot;right&quot; style=&quot;margin-right: 10px; margin-top: 3px; opacity: 0.30;&quot;&gt;[[File:Wikipedia Education Globe 1.png|150px]]&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background:#fafafa;color:#333333;&quot; class=&quot;hp&quot;&gt;
&lt;!-- TITOLA EKO--&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:5px 0px 5px 0px;-moz-box-shadow:1px 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);-webkit-box-shadow:1px 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);box-shadow:1px 1px 1px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.1);background:#FFFFFF;padding:10px;&quot;&gt;

{| style=&quot;width:100%;&quot;
| class=&quot;&quot; style=&quot;background-repeat:no-repeat; background-position:-40px -15px; text-align:center; padding:15px; vertical-align:middle; -moz-border-radius: 10px; -webkit-border-radius: 10px; border-radius:10px;&quot; |&lt;span style=&quot;color:#555555;font-size:3.5em; font-family:Maiandra GD; font-variant:small; line-height:100%;&quot; class=&quot;hp-welkom-1&quot;&gt;wikipidiya nua pinayuanan&lt;/span&gt;&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;color:#555555;font-size:1.3em;line-height:100%;&quot; class=&quot;hp-welkom-2&quot;&gt;sivaruvarung a sapitj a pidiya&lt;/span&gt;
| class=&quot;hp-statistieken hlist&quot; style=&quot;width:40%;text-align:center;vertical-align:middle;border-left:1px solid #cccccc;padding:15px;&quot; |
&lt;span style=&quot;display:inline-block;text-align:center;&quot;&gt;
izuanga '''[[Special:Statistics|{{NUMBEROFARTICLES}}]]''' a sapitj a vinecikan a patje tucu&lt;br /&gt;
a tja sivecivecik tua tja kineljangan a pinayuanan i kacauan&lt;br /&gt;
&lt;/span&gt;
|}
&lt;/div&gt;

{| class=&quot;hp-portalen&quot; style=&quot;border-spacing: 1px; border-collapse: separate; width:100%; text-align:center; font-size:0.9em; padding:2px 3px 2px 3px;&quot;
| style=&quot;background-color:#DDDDDD;border-top:10px solid;border-color:#DDDDDD;padding:3px 0.25em; width:11.1%;&quot; |
&lt;!--------------------------------
2.1 Ayoka pataki
----------------------------------&gt;
|-
|&lt;span style=&quot;font-size:1.5em&quot;&gt; pacunu ta [[pinakisumaljiyan:所有頁面|penuljat a sapitj]] &lt;/span&gt;
|-
|}

{|
&lt;!-- MULA KANDUNGAN (ATAS) --&gt;
|}&lt;table width=&quot;100%&quot; id=&quot;mp-upper&quot;&gt;&lt;td width=&quot;100%&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;width:100%;flex-direction: row;display: flex;justify-content: space-between;margin-top:5px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!-- MULA RENCANA PILIHAN --&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background:#F9F0F4;box-shadow:0 0 0.3rem #999;border-left:8px solid #272727;width:calc(100% - 2.5px);margin-right:5px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background:#fafafa;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;lamanutama-songket-kiri&quot; style=&quot;padding:2px 18px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:sans-serif;font-variant:small;font-size:2em;&quot;&gt;makagu&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div id=&quot;mp-left&quot; style=&quot;background:#F0F0F0;padding:10px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!-- MULA KANDUNGAN RENCANA PILIHAN --&gt;
[[File:Shalawan Waterfall in mountains in Majia.jpg|200px|right]]
&lt;div id=&quot;mp-tfa&quot;&gt;aicu a '''[[Majia|Makagu (瑪家鄉)]]''' i maza i 'akaw i viriviri a pasakacedas a kinaizuanan, a tjaizaya izua a sancigu, a tjaipasakacedas nakidjekec tua budaygu, a tjaikaledep izua a naibugu, a i tjaikaledep a pasanavalj izua 萬巒鄉, a tjailauz izua a daybugu, mavan a tjaljakedrikedrian a kadjunangan tua i taiwan saka inika napacalivat tua taiday a 平方公里 a na kacalisian a guan. aicu a i maza i makagu a i 'iziyuci(三和村) namasan&quot;huyti&quot;, i vecekadan tua cangzegu(長治鄉),neybugu(內埔鄉),ianbugu(鹽埔鄉). aicu a i makagu a kinaizuanan i maza i tua vecekadan tua gadu nua i taiwan(中央山脈) a i navanavalj, a i kavulungan a pasaviri, naremekutj saka pazangal a sivaikan a kinakemudan, azua a kinavukuljan katua kinakalicekuan namakeljang aravac, azua a kina'adavan namasanmaculjuculju a kinavaliyan(熱帶季風氣候), tjatjuruvu a sepaywanzuku a cawcau izua.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- TAMAT KANDUNGAN RENCANA PILIHAN --&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- TAMAT KANDUNGAN RENCANA PILIHAN --&gt;

&lt;/tr&gt;

&lt;!-- MULA KANDUNGAN (ATAS) --&gt;
&lt;table width=&quot;100%&quot; id=&quot;mp-upper&quot;&gt;&lt;td width=&quot;100%&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;width:100%;flex-direction: row;display: flex;justify-content: space-between;margin-top:5px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!-- MULA RENCANA PILIHAN --&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background:#F0F9F0;box-shadow:0 0 0.3rem #999;border-left:8px solid #009000;width:calc(65% - 2.5px);margin-right:5px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background:#fafafa;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;lamanutama-songket-kiri&quot; style=&quot;padding:2px 18px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:sans-serif;font-variant:small;font-size:2em;&quot;&gt;djulis&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div id=&quot;mp-left&quot; style=&quot;background:#F0F9F0;padding:10px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!-- MULA KANDUNGAN RENCANA PILIHAN --&gt;
[[File:紅藜.jpeg|right|250px]]
&lt;div id=&quot;mp-tfa&quot;&gt;a '''[[djulis|djulis (紅藜)]]''' (''Chenopodium formosanum''), lami nua caucau a se Paiwan, valeljevelj aravac a qiljas nua vangalj nua aicu a djulis, tucu tjuruvu anga tjengelay a keman tua Julia.

namasan pazangal aravac a djulis tua talem i kacalisian, azua a vat a pinaka a lavi. alapen ta tjanguaq a djulis nua djulis tua dremasi, sa kivat tua pizua i djilung. nu venusamanga, azua a djulis a mavananga a tjaqaca a tapuluq a marutaljudjuqan, sa uri masik a caucau tua sinanljaceng ta sipakan, avan a suma. azua a vat nua djulis a maqati a sipakan, sa sanguaq angata, ljawa pazangal a saliman taicu a djulis.&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;!-- TAMAT KANDUNGAN RENCANA PILIHAN --&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- TAMAT RENCANA PILIHAN --&gt;
&lt;!-- MULA BERITA TERKINI --&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background:#F9F0F4;box-shadow:0 0 0.3rem #999;border-left:8px solid #993366;width:calc(35% - 2.5px);&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background:#fafafa;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;lamanutama-songket-kiri&quot; style=&quot;padding:2px 18px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:sans-serif;font-variant:small;font-size:2em;&quot;&gt;COVID-19&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div id=&quot;mp-right&quot; style=&quot;background:#F9F0F4;padding:10px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!-- MULA KANDUNGAN BERITA TERKINI --&gt;
&lt;div id=&quot;mp-itn&quot;&gt;&lt;div style=&quot;float:center;&quot;&gt;
&lt;gallery mode=&quot;packed-hover&quot; heights=&quot;180px&quot;&gt;
File:Fphar-11-00937-g001.jpg|'''[[COVID-19]]'''
&lt;/gallery&gt;
Aicu a seljayar sa saqetjuan sewuhan nua i ciuku tucu.
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- TAMAT KANDUNGAN BERITA TERKINI --&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- TAMAT BERITA TERKINI --&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;!-- MULA KANDUNGAN (ATAS) --&gt;
&lt;table width=&quot;100%&quot; id=&quot;mp-upper&quot;&gt;&lt;td width=&quot;100%&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;width:100%;flex-direction: row;display: flex;justify-content: space-between;margin-top:5px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!-- MULA RENCANA PILIHAN --&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background:#F0F9F0;box-shadow:0 0 0.3rem #999;border-left:8px solid #272727;width:calc(35% - 2.5px);margin-right:5px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background:#fafafa;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;lamanutama-songket-kiri&quot; style=&quot;padding:2px 18px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:sans-serif;font-variant:small;font-size:2em;&quot;&gt;tjakudrang&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div id=&quot;mp-left&quot; style=&quot;background:#F0F0F0;padding:10px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!-- MULA KANDUNGAN RENCANA PILIHAN --&gt;
[[File:Tjuabar Suspension Bridge05.jpg|right|230px]]
&lt;div id=&quot;mp-tfa&quot;&gt;aicu a '''[[tjakudrang i tjuabar|tjakudrang i tjuabar (土坂吊橋)]]''' mavan a imaza i pasa taituking daren a tjuacaqu a panan a tjakudrang. na lemingdjelj ka 1938 a caviljan. tazua nasepaiwan a kacalisian i tjuabar kata dralendren a qinaljan sipacacevung sinan pazangal a tjakudrang. tucu namasan ta namapukeljang a kivangvangan i daren.&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- TAMAT KANDUNGAN RENCANA PILIHAN --&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- TAMAT RENCANA PILIHAN --&gt;
&lt;!-- MULA BERITA TERKINI --&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background:#F9F9F0;box-shadow:0 0 0.3rem #999;border-left:8px solid #999933;width:calc(65% - 2.5px);&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;background:#fafafa;&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;lamanutama-songket-kiri&quot; style=&quot;padding:2px 18px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;span style=&quot;font-family:sans-serif;font-variant:small;font-size:2em;&quot;&gt;maljasiya&lt;/span&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;div id=&quot;mp-right&quot; style=&quot;background:#F9F9F0;padding:10px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!-- MULA KANDUNGAN BERITA TERKINI --&gt;
[[File:Kuala Lumpur Skyline at dusk 1.jpg|left|250px]]
&lt;div id=&quot;mp-itn&quot;&gt;
aicu a ngadan a '''[[Malaysia|maljasiya (馬來西亞)]]''' a kemasi tua kai a sanskerit (Sanskrit) a “Malaiur” katua “Malayadvipa,” siniaya aicu a melayu (Melayu) tua kaizuan a gaduan. kasicuayan, pinapungadan aicu a melayu nua rusanpaveliveli a seindiya (India) tua kadjunangan a malay (Malay). pasuvulilj a tja siaya tua pinaljavakan nua mamazangiljan a melayu (Melayu) i tua sumatera (Sumatera) kemasi tua kacaviljan a 600 a patje kacaviljan a 1300.


izua ta rusanvenaruvarung tua zukuan a ti djiyudji ’erl (George Earl). i tua “sinansunatj tua vuguvug nua indunisiya katua pasakacedas tua asiya” izua vinecikan nimadju. vinarungan nimadju aza pinapungadan a melayunisiya (Melayunesia) katua indunisiya (Indunesia) tua matjalialiaw a vuguvug nua indunisiya (Indonesia).
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- TAMAT KANDUNGAN BERITA TERKINI --&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- TAMAT BERITA TERKINI --&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/td&gt;&lt;/tr&gt;&lt;/table&gt;
&lt;!-- TAMAT KANDUNGAN (ATAS) --&gt;

{| class=&quot;hp-portalen&quot; style=&quot;border-spacing: 1px; border-collapse: separate; width:100%; text-align:center; font-size:0.9em; padding:2px 3px 2px 3px;&quot;
| style=&quot;background-color:#F0F0F0;border-top:10px solid;border-color:#272727;padding:3px 0.25em; width:11.1%;&quot; | [[:Category:kai nua i pasakacedas|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#000000; font-size:1rem&quot;&gt;kai nua i pasakacedas&lt;/span&gt;]]
| style=&quot;background-color:#F0F9F0;border-top:10px solid;border-color:#009000;padding:10px 0.25em; width:11.1%;&quot; | [[:Category:kai nua i pasanavalj|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#000000;font-size:1rem&quot;&gt;kai nua i pasanavalj&lt;/span&gt;]]
| style=&quot;background-color:#F9F9F0;border-top:10px solid;border-color:#999933;padding:3px 0.25em; width:11.1%;&quot; | [[:Category:kai nua i pasavecekadan|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#000000;font-size:1rem&quot;&gt;kai nua i pasavecekadan&lt;/span&gt;]]
| style=&quot;background-color:#F9F0F4;border-top:10px solid;border-color:#993366;padding:3px 0.25em; width:11.1%;&quot; | [[:Category:kai nua i pasaviri|&lt;span style=&quot;color:#000000;font-size:1rem&quot;&gt;kai nua i pasaviri&lt;/span&gt;]]
|}
{| class=&quot;hp-portalen&quot; style=&quot;border-spacing: 1px; border-collapse: separate; width:100%; text-align:center; font-size:0.9em; padding:2px 3px 2px 3px;&quot;
| style=&quot;background-color:#DDDDDD;border-top:10px solid;border-color:#DDDDDD;padding:3px 0.25em; width:11.1%;&quot; |
&lt;!--------------------------------
2.1 Ayoka pataki
----------------------------------&gt;
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  <page>
    <title>Makagu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="4034" sha1="jfk70x6n7ams024jwheihrvwn8u58pl" xml:space="preserve">{{See also|Macia}}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;  align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''makagu''' &lt;/br&gt;(majia gu)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Shalawan Waterfall in mountains in Majia.jpg|center|250px]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Makazayazaya - Máka - (Majia, Pingtung County).svg|thumb|center|inuan i makagu imaza nua i qakaw]]
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|na tjaivavav a pangaljan nua kaizuanan
|qakaw king
|-
|kisanlalaing ta pangaljan nua kaizuanan
|梁明輝
|-
|sasupuan tua pasalavaan na kadjunangan
|79 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|-
|sasupuan tua caucau
|ma 6,729 a caucau
|-
|sasupuan na iyubingkiuku
|903
|-
|}

aicu a '''Makagu(瑪家鄉)'''  i maza i [[Qakaw king|'akaw]] i viriviri a pasakacedas a kinaizuanan, a tjaizaya izua a sancigu, a tjaipasakacedas nakidjekec tua budaygu, a tjaikaledep izua a naibugu, a i tjaikaledep a pasanavalj izua 萬巒鄉, a tjailauz izua a daybugu, mavan a tjaljakedrikedrian a kadjunangan tua i taiwan saka inika napacalivat tua taiday a 平方公里 a na kacalisian a guan. aicu a i maza i makagu a i 'iziyuci(三和村) namasan&quot;huyti&quot;, i vecekadan tua cangzegu(長治鄉),neybugu(內埔鄉),ianbugu(鹽埔鄉).  aicu a i makagu a kinaizuanan i maza i tua vecekadan tua gadu nua i taiwan(中央山脈) a i navanavalj, a i kavulungan a pasaviri, naremekutj saka pazangal a sivaikan a kinakemudan, azua a kinavukuljan katua kinakalicekuan namakeljang aravac, azua a kina'adavan namasanmaculjuculju a kinavaliyan(熱帶季風氣候), tjatjuruvu a sepaywanzuku a cawcau izua. aicu a &quot;makazayazaya&quot; a 'imi, silisili a gadu aya, a pacugan a siayaya, a 'inaljan izua a nakisusu tua veljeluan a pasazaya tua kinaizuanan, aicu a i makazayazayan kemasicuay a patjeripung a ziday , tia lja vavulengan a vusam, tucu izua ti kina i 'eleng a na'emiladj, a pakatua tjawcikel tua tia lja vavulengan izua a sikamasan tapulu' katu unem (代), 'aw a i payuan tia lja tjawgadu a na'emiladj. ka dripunganan a nadjemadjas tazua, pasekawmaljen a zuma a 'inaljan, sa  lemingdjelj tua pukisacuan a kicapilj tua kanasengesengan, ka i 1920 a cavilj a namasan-(地方) umaljen a sipaljavak tua 高雄州潮州郡. ka tjawkama'acuvung tua ma'a'eci a inika cuay, umaljen azua a ngadan nua matalimalj a 'inaljan tua ljinawtian a ma-jia(makazayazaya) pe-ji  (masilid) ljiang-san ('uakaba) cia-yi (kazangiljan) fa-wan(sa umaljen uta a [[payuan]] aya),   

aicu a i makagu izua a semakazayazaya, semasilidj, sekazangiljan, sepayuan, 'uakaba katua se'iziyuci, tia lja vavulengan a vusam, ti  'eleng a lja vavulengan a na'emiladj, a patjetucu 

pulingetj a kadjunangan nua [[Macia|Macia gu]] masan 61.68 a kuzulj a mituru (maqlinpan atjunang 11.05 a kuzulj a mituru, maqlinaule atjunang 49.62 a kuzulj a mituru). izua malje 6,757 mapuljat imaza, ljakua izua malje 2,029 (96%) a  [[Payuan]] a caucau i Macia gu.

==paljavak tua mula==
matja 6 mula i Macia. 
*[[Izici]]
*[[Payuwan]]
*[[Kazangiljan]]
*[[Wakaba]]
*[[Masilidj]]
*[[makazayazaya|Makazayazaya]]

==tatuluan==
izua tjelu a gakku a kedrikedri imaza i makagu. neka nu taigaku imaza.

==sipacacikelan==
===palidring a djalan===
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_CHW185.svg|23px]] sikamasan 185 a palidring a djalan nua [[qakaw]]
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWpt35.svg|23px]] sikamasan 35 a palidring a djalan nua [[pingtung]]
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWpt37.svg|23px]] sikamasan 37 a palidring a djalan nua pingtung

===basu===
sikamasan 508 a basu
&lt;br&gt;sikamasan 511 a basu
&lt;br&gt;sikamasan 602 a basu
&lt;br&gt;sikamasan 603 a basu
&lt;br&gt;sikamasan 605 a basu
&lt;br&gt;sikamasan 185 a basu

==racev==
aicu a racev imaza i majia.
[[sineqetj a vecik:Mango and cross sections.jpg|thumb|center|300px|izua manges a racev nua i makagu]]

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20240218192007/https://www.naijahall.ng/ 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]

{{Authority control}}

&lt;noinclude&gt;{{featured article}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Malailaing a Inuli</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>57</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10861</id>
      <parentid>10748</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T12:46:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.230.38|79.163.230.38]]（[[User talk:79.163.230.38|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]]的先前版本</comment>
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      <text bytes="5095" sha1="9ahadm7mzuivv7kkh3vxjmfc10ig3as" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Lord's Prayer&amp;nbsp;- Greek.JPG|thumb|Malailaing a Inuli]]


: tisun a nia Kama i tjarivavaw,
: ulja namasan tjaljaparavacan a su ngadan,
: ulja na mangetjez a su sipaljavakan,
: ulja namapasusu a su kininemeneman i kacauan,
: a namaya tua i tjarivavaw.
: a nia kanen tu qadaw anga,
: pagaugavi amen tucu a qadaw.
: nu napazekatj amen tua napasaliw tjanuamen,
: ulja sun a namaya auta a napazekatj tjanuamen.
: maya men a pasecevucevung tua sisepakilingaw.
: paseqeljiqeljingu amen a kemasi tua nakuya.
: ayatua a pinaljavakan, a picul, a ligu,
: nisun a penuljat a patje palalaut.
: amen.

==kai==

===Hiljasan===

: Πάτερ ἡμῶν ὁ ἐν τοῖς οὐρανοῖς
: ἁγιασθήτω τὸ ὄνομά Σου·
: ἐλθέτω ἡ Βασιλεία Σου·
: γενηθήτω τὸ θέλημά Σου,
: ὡς ἐν οὐρανῷ καὶ ἐπὶ τῆς γῆς·
: τὸν ἄρτον ἡμῶν τὸν ἐπιούσιον δὸς ἡμῖν σήμερον·
: καὶ ἄφες ἡμῖν τὰ ὀφειλήματα ἡμῶν,
: ὡς καὶ ἡμεῖς ἀφίεμεν τοῖς ὀφειλέταις ἡμῶν·
: καὶ μὴ εἰσενέγκῃς ἡμᾶς εἰς πειρασμόν,
: ἀλλὰ ῥῦσαι ἡμᾶς ἀπὸ τοῦ πονηροῦ.
: [Ὅτι σοῦ ἐστιν ἡ βασιλεία καὶ ἡ δύναμις καὶ ἡ : δόξα εἰς τοὺς αἰῶνας·
: ἀμήν.

===Latinan===
: Pater noster, qui es in caelis,
: sanctificetur nomen tuum;
: adveniat regnum tuum;
: fiat voluntas tua,
: sicut in caelo, et in terra.
: Panem nostrum cotidianum da nobis hodie;
: et dimitte nobis debita nostra,
: sicut et nos dimittimus debitoribus nostris;
: et ne nos inducas in tentationem;
: sed libera nos a malo.
: (Quoniam tibi est regnum et potestas et gloria in saecula.)
: Amen.

=== Inamilikan===
: Our Father, who art in heaven,
: Hallowed be thy Name.
: Thy Kingdom come. 
: Thy will be done on earth, 
: As it is in heaven.
: Give us this day our daily bread.
: And forgive us our trespasses (or debts),
: As we forgive them that trespass against us (or As we forgive our debtors). 
: And lead us not into temptation, 
: But deliver us from evil. 
: For thine is the kingdom,
: The power, and the glory,
: For ever and ever.
: Amen.

===kinacalisianan===
* Amis《Fangcalay Cudad》
:Wama niyam I kakarayan,
:Nanay mapahmek ko Nika fangcal no ngangan iso.
:pataynien ko nikowanan iso a kitakit.
:paiahcien ko nafaloco'an iso itini i kala'no,
:matiya ono i kakarayananay.
:Paflien kami to no aniniay a saka'orip niyam.
:Hpolen ko raraw niyam,
:matiya o nipihpol niyam to pararaway i tamiyanan.
:Kriden kami to sakacaaw ka sawi niyam.
:Pa'oripen kami a paliyas nai tatiihay,
:Nawhani, omikowanay , o ci'icelay, o ci'dilay kiso a mida'oc.
:Amin.

* Drekai《Baavan Ka Sakiketeketan Ka'siisiw》
:Bulru ki yesusama kasaki tubitubiane kitwaumase
:Kusu  ka  Tama  nay ka  yasubelebeleng
:pawsakesakenanga nai  yane 
:makanaelre  musuane
:Lakamanianga  Kawaerece 
:ki kai yakawmasane
:pangimiaanga ki kidremedremesu
:kikai yakawmasane mia ka subelebeleng 
:lapatarumaramara nai yane
:kulrikatalekenai kainakameanenga
:luikaiku  pasalriw   naiyane lapacepe nai 
:i mialrisu   paceacepe ki pasalivane   nay
:Madha
:pakipadradreseng  kwa  
:kikituthiathingalane nay Palakelakeba  nai  yane
:kiaidridringane
:A lakay erecesu kay puku kay akaesadhane
:waelrelresu palralrauthu
:Amin

* Tau《Seysyo No Tao》
:Mo Ama do to:
:inaoy nosi mamimin o tao a zomwazway so Meylimawang a ngaran mo,
:Inaoy no italamozong mo okarawan,
:Inaoy no mai jyamen do teyrahem o apiya ahahapan mo sya do teyngato,
:o kanen namen sicyaraw eya am itoro mo jyamen，vonasen mo o raraten namen,
:akman jyamen a ji mapeyyan sya do onowned so raten da jyamen no icyatatao namen,
:Ji mo yamen amya kalitan.
:Apzatan mo yamen mo Ama do to,
:do kararatan do teyrahem Ta imo rana am kateymoyat a tey mazway a Tao do to yatomalamozong nyamen a mangay do kaidan no karawan,
:A min.

* Kabalan《Qnanngi ay Sudad · Tmunux tu Tama》
:Tamakita taddanan.
:Wanay qxasanna ya qnanngi na nangansu.
:Paqawtuika qizuanansu tu qnabanang.
:Xassiaka qnasianemsu tazian talibeng azu taddanan.
:Bulaita stangiay ya saqabinnuskita.
:Sululika qnalisawkita, azu smululkita tu palisaway timaymian.
:Kawitita tu mai qaytiskita ta msukawan zau nani.
:Qnaxu qizuananay, qsexay, qmidatay, aisu tuzus tu qaxzannan.
:Amin

=== Hiberaian ===
: 'אָבִינוּ שֶׁבַּשָּׁמַיִם,
: יִתְקַדֵּשׁ שִׁמְךָ,
: תָּבוֹא מַלְכוּתְךָ,
: יֵעָשֶׂה רְצוֹנְךָ
: כְּבַשָּׁמַיִם כֵּן בָּאָרֶץ.
: אֶת לֶחֶם חֻקֵּנוּ תֵּן לָנוּ הַיּוֹם,
: וּסְלַח לָנוּ עַל חֲטָאֵינוּ
: כְּפִי שֶׁסּוֹלְחִים גַּם אֲנַחְנוּ לַחוֹטְאִים לָנוּ.
: וְאַל תְּבִיאֵנוּ לִידֵי נִסָּיוֹן,
: כִּי אִם חַלְּצֵנוּ מִן הָרָע.'

==pacunu uta==
* [[Kai nua Cemas]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Malaki (Kai nua Cemas)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>58</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10775</id>
      <parentid>10774</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T12:44:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.230.38|79.163.230.38]]（[[User talk:79.163.230.38|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:1234qwer1234qwer4|1234qwer1234qwer4]]的先前版本</comment>
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      <text bytes="1247" sha1="o09v0wlue504ulg9z5oasfi67ed1feb" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Duccio_di_Buoninsegna_066.jpg|thumb|The Prophet Malachi, painting by Duccio di Buoninsegna, c. 1310-1311 (Museo dell'Opera del Duomo, Siena Cathedral).]]
'''Malaki''' (Hiniberayan: מַלְאָכִי‎‎, Malʾaḫi, Mál'akhî)

==likisi==
ka sika 400 a cavilj katu izua a pasusangas tua pinualjakan tjai Yisu. ka pasuvililj tua liningdjeljan a pacikel tazua umaq na Cemas i [[Yurusalim]], mavan a vinicikan taicu a '''tjaucikel ni Malaki'''. tuazua tjaucikelan ni Malaki azua taqaljaqaljan katua marka parakaljai tu kiumalj tua varung, sa pasusu tua sinipaaqeces katua Cemas. ayatua makeljang aravac tu maru mavuvuk anga a kakudan nua taqaljaqaljan, saka inika naseman anenanga tua lihai tua Cemas. a marka parakaljai katua taqaljaqaljan venecaveca tua Cemas a mamaw, a inika pagaugaw tua namasan nua Cemas a nanemanga, sa inika pasusu tua sinitulu na Cemas tua kemudanga. ljakua uri mangtjez a Cemas a papapenetj a cemingki tua piniliq nimadju a taqaljaqaljan, saka uri semkaulj uta a pakasangas tua saskauljan nimadju tu uri masak tua daljan, sa pasemalaw tazua Sinan paaqeces na Cemas.

==ti Malaki==
'''Malaki''' (Hiniberayan: מַלְאָכִי) , &quot;ku (na Cemas) saskauljan&quot; aya patarevan. (3:1)

==pacunu uta==
* [[Kai nua Cemas]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Malaysia</title>
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    <id>59</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12259</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10866" sha1="iolhdyrzlc8uenhupcu849gbg77a62g" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''Malaysia'''&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt; (kukka i Asia) &lt;/small&gt;
|-
| lalayar ||[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Malaysia.svg|frameless|center]]
|-
| vinecikan||[[sineqetj a vecik:Coat of arms of Malaysia.svg|frameless|center]]
|-
|Paketu nakukka||《Negaraku instrumental》[[sineqetj a vecik:Negaraku instrumental.ogg|center]]
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|[[sineqetj a vecik:Malaysia on the globe (Southeast Asia centered).svg|frameless|center]]
|-
|tulu nakukka ||Bersekutu Bertambah Mutu (Minalayuan)
|-
! Kai !!
|-
| kai nakukka || Minalayuan
|-
| vecik nakukka || Rumazi
|-
! sihu !!
|-
| kavusaman || Abdullah Al-Haj
|-
| sihuciu || Anwar Ibrahim
|-
| lipuinciu || Ahmad Zahid Hamidi, Fadilah Yusof
|-
! GDP !!
|-
| penuljat || 9,545,520,000,000 $
|-
! kadjunangan !!
|-
| penuljat || 330,803 km^2
|-
| pana || 0.3%
|-
! Gini &amp; HDI !!
|-
| Gini (2014) || 46.2
|-
| HDI (2014) || 0.789
|-
! caucau !!
|-
| penuljat || 31,540,000
|-
| zuku ||Malayu (56%), Han (23%) 
|}

A i pasakacedas a navalj aicu a '''Malaysia''' (Tulisan Jawi: مليسيا, Ljinautian: 马来西亚, Tamil: மலேஷியா) a ta kukka tua asia.

==pinapungadan (詞源)==
[[sineqetj a vecik:LA2-NSRW-1-0148 malaysia.jpg|thumb|right|]]
Kemasi tua kai a sanskerit (Sanskrit) a “Malaiur” katua “Malayadvipa,” siniaya aicu a melayu (Melayu) tua kaizuan a gaduan. kasicuayan, pinapungadan aicu a melayu nua rusanpaveliveli a seindiya (India) tua kadjunangan a malay (Malay).&lt;ref&gt;Govind Chandra Pande. India's Interaction with Southeast Asia: History of Science,Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization, Vol. 1, Part 3. Munshiram Manoharlal. 2005: 266. ISBN 978-8187586241.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Lallanji Gopal. The economic life of northern India: c. A.D. 700-1200. Motilal Banarsidass. 2000: 139. ISBN 9788120803022.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;D.C. Ahir. A Panorama of Indian Buddhism: Selections from the Maha Bodhi journal, 1892-1992. Sri Satguru Publications. 1995: 612. ISBN 8170304628.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Radhakamal Mukerjee. [https://archive.org/details/cultureartindia00muke%7C The culture and art of India]. Coronet Books Inc. 1984: [https://archive.org/details/cultureartindia00muke/page/212%7C 212]. ISBN 9788121501149.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Himansu Bhusan Sarkar. Some contributions of India to the ancient civilisation of Indonesia and Malaysia. Calcutta: Punthi Pustak. 1970: 8.&lt;/ref&gt; pasuvulilj a tja siaya tua pinaljavakan nua mamazangiljan a melayu (Melayu) i tua sumatera (Sumatera) kemasi tua kacaviljan a 600 a patje kacaviljan a 1300.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.sabrizain.org/malaya/malays4.htm| Origins of the Word 'Melayu']. Sabrizain.org. [2010-09-14]. (原始內容存檔於2010-02-22).&lt;/ref&gt;

izua ta rusanvenaruvarung tua zukuan a ti djiyudji ’erl (George Earl). i tua “sinansunatj tua vuguvug nua indunisiya katua pasakacedas tua asiya” izua vinecikan nimadju. vinarungan nimadju aza pinapungadan a melayunisiya (Melayunesia) katua indunisiya (Indunesia) tua matjalialiaw a vuguvug nua indunisiya (Indonesia).

== kadjunangan (地理) ==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Beach of Pulau Tioman.JPG|thumb|right]]
Pakata caucau imaza i maljasiya, izua tjelu kuzulj sa itaiday sa pitju puluq a kudrav a caucau, mavan a sikamasan sepatjmuluq sa tjelu i kacauan. au pakata pulingetjan nua kadjunangan nua maljasiya izua tu 329,847km²,&lt;ref&gt;CIA. [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/my.html| The World Fact Book: Malaysia] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20101228233159/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/my.html| 頁面存檔備份], 存於[https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86| 網際網路檔案館]). Retrieved 2006-12-09.&lt;/ref&gt; mavan a sikamasan unempuluq sa alu i kacauan. aicu pimaza itua tja pasaviri a cetau, mavan ljaicu a kemasi 1° patje 8° a viri a curis a venatj na kacauan (izua kedri a kadjunangan imaza i pasanavalj a 1° a curis a venatj na kacauan), mavan auta kemasi 99° patje 120° a kacedas a curis a semevec na kacauan. aicu a pinaljavakan pimaza itua tja maljasiya mavan a kadjunangan i pasakacedas kata pasakeledep (馬來西亞半島 nua aya). au izua a 南海 i vecekadan, avan sika imaza i pasakaledep a viri nakicaing tua i 泰國, a i pasakacedas nakidjekec tua 汶萊 kata 印尼.&lt;ref&gt;CIA. [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/my.html| The World Fact Book: Malaysia] ([https://web.archive.org/web/20101228233159/https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/my.html| 頁面存檔備份], 存於[https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86| 網際網路檔案館]). Retrieved 2006-12-09.&lt;/ref&gt; au i pasanavalj nakidjekec auta tua 柔佛海峽 kata [[Singapura|singapura]] (新加坡). aza ljavek na maljasiya tja demutan ta 越南&lt;ref&gt;[https://ugm.ac.id/en/?q=news/to-reduce-conflicts-indonesia-and-malaysia-should-meet-intensively| To Reduce Conflicts, Indonesia and Malaysia Should Meet Intensively]. Ugm.ac.id. [2010-10-26]. (原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20101225091836/http://www.ugm.ac.id/en/?q=news%2Fto-reduce-conflicts-indonesia-and-malaysia-should-meet-intensively| 存檔]於2010-12-25).&lt;/ref&gt; kata [[Pilipinas|pilipinas (菲律賓)]].&lt;ref&gt;The Earthtimes. [http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/news/339542,gunboats-philippine-border-patrol.html| US donates four gunboats to Philippine border patrol]. Earthtimes.org. 2010-08-16 [2010-10-17]. (原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20210120010253/http://www.earthtimes.org/articles/news/339542,gunboats-philippine-border-patrol.html| 存檔]於2021-01-20).&lt;/ref&gt; saka namakeljang ta kadjunangan.  saka namakeljang ta kadjunangan na maljasiya kata kipasusu tua…, izua 玻璃市 a pana kata guluk a pana.

Aicu a i Maljaysia liaw a kazatjan a makaljavek, izua kasikasiw a i tjaizaya.pakatua kadjunangan a i kaledep, mavan a 740km a kemasi viri a petje pasanavalj ta Maljaysia, tjaljaqaca a 332km.&lt;ref&gt;Saw, Swee-Hock. [https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=e4Yp2QJNVWgC&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;hl=en#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false%7C The population of Peninsular Malaysia]. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 2007: 1–2 [2010-11-20]. ISBN 978-981-230-730-9. (原始內容存檔於2021-01-20).&lt;/ref&gt; aicu a  Bantjaran Titiwangesa namasan  vecekad tua aicu drusa ljavek.

aicu a i maljaysia liaw a vuguvug a pinaljavakan, izua penang, langkawi, pangkur a vuguv, pulau ketam katua i pasakacedas a rukicapiljan tua na ta’alja’alja a i Labuan.&lt;ref&gt;USA International Business Publications. [http://books.google.com.tw/?id=vBm2b0BwU9EC&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false%7C Malaysia Country Study Guide]. Washington, D.C.: USA International Business Publications. 2008: 8 second section. ISBN 1433031590.&lt;/ref&gt; 

I dedet tua vecekadan tua ljinawngan tua ’adav a kinaizuanan nua cawcau, salapelj aravac saka zemulezul uta a kina’adavan, namasan ru’udjalj a kina’adavan. nu i tua sepatjan a ’iljas a patje simulu’ a ’iljasan venali tua kemasi kaledepan a valian, nu talju simulu’ a ’iljasan sa pasa tua va’uan nu cavilj a drusa a ’iljasan venali tua kemasi kacedas a itjaiviri a valian, maretimalji aravac a sivalian nua kaljakina’adavan. ayatua kivalidilidi tua vaung, sika nasemezam a kina’adavan.salapelj aravac, a kinapapamavan nua ’udjalj a ljemeita ta ’iljas izua a 250 pasaliaw.&lt;ref&gt;Saw, Swee-Hock. [https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=e4Yp2QJNVWgC&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;hl=en#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false%7C The population of Peninsular Malaysia]. Singapore: Institute of Southeast Asian Studies. 2007: 1–2 [2010-11-20]. ISBN 978-981-230-730-9. (原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20210120010340/https://books.google.com.ph/books?id=e4Yp2QJNVWgC&amp;printsec=frontcover&amp;hl=en#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false%7C 存檔]於2021-01-20).&lt;/ref&gt; 

Tjaljakudrakudralan a lanak saka sinanparavac tua nua kunian a paka tua paysu azua i ciljungpu.&lt;ref&gt;Tourism Malaysia Corporate Website. Tourism.gov.my. [2010-10-26]. (原始內容存檔於2011-01-11).&lt;/ref&gt; ’aicu a i pucen mana rukicapiljan a paka tua nata’alja’aljan a saliman.&lt;ref&gt;Ho, Chin Siong. Putrajaya—Administrative Centre of Malaysia -Planning Concept and Implementation. 2006 [2010-09-18]. (原始內容存檔於2011-05-11).&lt;/ref&gt; uwi tu liawanga a rukicapiljan tua saliman nua ta’alja’aljan a liningedjelj i pucen,ljakua aicu a i ciljungpu sinan nakunian a rukicapiljan,aya tua azua 國會liningedjelj a pimaza. namasan pazangal uta tua paka tua siubay tua papaveli. a zumanga a kinatjevetjevelj izua ciace (喬治市), sinsan (新山), yapi (亞庇), kucin (古晉), maliwcia (麻六甲市), yipaw (怡保), hulung (芙蓉市), yalusita (亞羅士打) katua ketabaru (哥打峇魯).                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                         

Malaysian Armed Forces (Minalayuan: Angkatan Tentera Malaysia (ATM)) 

* Malaysian Army (Minalayuan: Tentera Darat Malaysia (TDM)) 
* Royal Malaysian Navy (Minalayuan: Tentera Laut Diraja Malaysia (TLDM)) 
* Royal Malaysian Air Force (Minalayuan: Tentera Udara Diraja Malaysia (TUDM)) 

[[sineqetj a vecik:Malaixiya-ditu-zh-tw.png|thumb|Malaysia]]

==sinansunatj tua vinecikan a tjaucikel==
Katjaisangas, neka nu sivecivecik nua semalaysia.

==pacunu uta ==
* [[Singapura]]
* [[Pilipinas]]
* [[Taiwan]]

==kasizuan==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasakacedas]]
[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasaviri]]

{{featured article}}</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Vangecul</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>60</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12225</id>
      <parentid>10289</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T13:45:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* remayurangan */-sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12225</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5192" sha1="nsbuju6cedwv32m3wlc23htzmrou9bw" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''vangecul'''

(滿州鄉)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:滿州鄉福田路一隅.jpg|center|250px]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Manutsuru - Boánchiu - (Manzhou, Pingtung County).svg|center|250px]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak (上級行政區劃)
|qakaw(屏東縣)
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan(舊稱)
|vangecul
|-
|sepaljavak(區劃)
|alu a mula ata tayday saka tapuluq kata pitju a  (lining) 

(8村117鄰) 
|-
|sihu(政府)

-guciu(鄉長)

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacuqan

/lalaingan tua semanrasudjan a tjaivavav

(行政機關)

-qinati a hulic a sihu(立法機關)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-余增春(pacun ta guciu na vangecul.滿州鄉鄉長列表)&lt;/nowiki&gt;

- nasevangecul a gukusiu(滿州鄉公所)


-daihiyukay  na vangecul (滿州鄉民代表會)
|-
|tjaljiqaca a pulingetj/

pulingetjan nua kadjunangan/sasusuan tua pasalavagan na katjunangan

(總面積)
|142.2013平方公里
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu/sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan(平均海拔)
|tayday saka unem a puluq kata alu a vavavan a maru tadjekuacan(168公尺)
|-
|kinavadavadayan nua cawcaw(人口)

-susuan ta kinatjuruvan a caucau a supu/pinenuljatan na cawcaw(總數)

-(pita sasupuan)sikamasan(排名)

-pinaljingan(戶數)
|


-pitju a kuzulj sa sepatj a iday saka tjelu a puluq  a caucau(7,430人)(2021 a cavilj kata 3 a qiljas, 2021年3月)

- (第25)

-djelu a kuzulj kata drusa a puluq saka sepatj a  paljingan(3,024戶)
|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng

(郵政編碼)
|947
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu/sasusuan na umaq a vecik(戶政資料代碼)
|10013240
|-
|tjuljivaran nua guan(毗鄰)
|sinvawdjan, kabeyawan, langkiu(瑯嶠) (牡丹鄉、車城鄉、恆春鎮)
|}


Manzhou（滿州鄉）

Manzhou gu icuwa i Pingtung. ala atjunangn mapuljat 147.35&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang 74.2&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 7.17&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 1,329 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat  490 a daceneqlan, Puyuma (60%) a maqcuwa caucau.  

vangaecul, kai na [[Taiwan]] mavan a “Buán-tsiu-hiong”. 

aicu a guan, i pasakanavalj a kacedas tua qakaw tua taiwan, nakidekes kata nakidekes a viri tua sesinvawdjan, a i tjaikacedas mavan a taipingyan, a i tjaikaledep mavananga a kabeyawan(車城鄉), a i pasakaledep a navalj kata i pasanavalj izua a selangkiu(瑯嶠、恆春). izuazua a kacalisiyan katua pairing imaza.

vangaecul, a i pasakacedas tua gadu i 恆春半島 tua taiwan, mavan a gadu i vecekadan tua taiwan izua. 

liaw a gaduan i aicu a vangaecul, ljawa tjateku aza katjunangan, a tjaljavavavavavan a gadu izua a pitju a iday a pasavavaw. azua a kinaqadavan namasan maculjuculju a kinavalian a kinaqadavan imaza.

masa a katjunangan imaza, izua a vali kemasi gadugaduan nu tapuluq a qiljas ta drusa a qiljas nusicavilj.

aicu a guan a vangaecul, izua a katjanangan a pinaljavak na sihu ta 墾丁國家公園, sa liaw a sengsengan ta natalidu(觀光業).

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 8 qinaljan i Manzhou. matja 3 qinaljan imaza, Ride（里德部落）, Parius（分水嶺部落）, Tjadukudukung（長樂部落）.

==likisi==

aicu a pinaljavakan imaza nua seqaluqalu, nu qemaljupqaljup a paiwan a kasicuyan, ruvuljuq ta sacamel a kinananga nimadju a pasamaza, sa liaw a sacemel a macayanga imaza. qaw, pungadan ta “vangecul” taimaza, masa a vangecul.

qaw, izua a pairing semamaza tua qemuma, sa papungadan ta “báng-sut”(蚊蟀) a kai na Taiwan taimaza, avan a “蚊蟀埔” uta.

ka 1920 a cavilj, kipavencik tua pasekawmalj ta ngadan nua katjunangan i taiwan, sa papungadan ta “manshū”(滿洲) a sihu nua ripun, qaw lemingedjilj ta滿州庄, sa pinaljavak na高雄州恆春郡.

ka pavalit ta sihu tua chuku, pinaljavak na 高雄縣恆春區滿州鄉 imaza. ka 1950 a cavilj, pinaljavak na qakaw patjetucu.


==paravacan a racev==

牧草: aza cemecemel a sinitalem tua pakan ta gung kata size. aicu a cemel a ngadan, mavan a “盤固拉草”.

雨來菇:pinungadan ta“草木耳” nua cawcaw imaza, saka pungadan ta“天使的眼淚”kata“情人的眼淚” a kacalisiyan imaza uta. 

飛魚 : minlayap a ciqaw

青龍小辣椒:avan a likalik a “青龍”a aicu a ngadan.

檳榔:saviki

==remayurangan==
&lt;gallery&gt;
屏東縣滿州國小.JPG|kedrikedri a gakku a manzhou
滿州市區一景.JPG|lizuk a manzhou
滿州村尤宅古厝.jpg|kinazumulan a umaqan
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==sipacacikelan==
=== palidring a djalan ===
;palidring a djalan na taiwan
* [[sineqetj a vecik:Tai 26.svg|30px]]
;palidring a djalan na qakaw
* [[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW200.svg|30px]]
** [[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW200a.svg|30px]]
;palidring a djalan na manzhou
* sikamasan 156 a palidring a djalan na qakaw
* sikamasan 168 a palidring a djalan na qakaw
* sikamasan 169 a palidring a djalan na qakaw
* sikamasan 172 a palidring a djalan na qakaw

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>nsbuju6cedwv32m3wlc23htzmrou9bw</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Maolin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>61</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11043</id>
      <parentid>10961</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T08:50:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11043</origin>
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      <text bytes="5112" sha1="5n8mb4k5hqw7lru7u1xjtla6chjyhzh" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;  align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''teldreka''' 
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:通往茂林國家風景區的沿堤自行車道.jpg|thumb|center|teldreka]]
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|[[takau]] (kaohsiung city)
|-
|san kilalaing ta caucau na gu
|宋能正
|-
|kadjunangan
|194,0000 km2
|-
|caucau
|1,899
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Maolin KH.svg|thumb|center|inuan a teldreka i lamtau king]] 
|-
|}

'''Maolin (茂林區)'''

Maolin gu icuwa i Kaohsiung. ala atjunangn mapuljat 241.39&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang 109.93&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 40.14&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 1,896 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 581 a daceneqlan, Rukai (95%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 3 qinaljan i Maolin. matja 3 qinaljan imaza, Teldreka (茂林部落), 'Oponoho (萬山部落), Kungadavane (多納部落).

==cinalivatan==
aicu a maolin, kinasi ta pinairangan a &quot;tùn-á&quot; aya.

kaizuazuanan a maolin imaza na caucau se drekai, izua tjelu a qinaljan aicu a ka’oponohae (mantauran), kungadavane, kata maga. pasakaviri izuazuanan a gadu a valisanae na caucau a bunun. pasakacedas i pasnanavan izua caucau a bunun uta. pasakanavalj izua tja caucau se raval.

na djemaljun a caucau se dripun a sema qinaljan imaza i maolin, kiqeceqeceng a caucau a drekai taicu a qaliqali. saigu a tjapupicul a ripun, mavan nia ripun a pinaljavakan a qinaljan kata kadjunangan aicu.

semengac a dripun ka sangasangasan a pinaljavakan ta qinaljan imaza, manasika patagilj a kacalisiyan a kiqecev tua qailiqali a dripun. papacai a rakac se kacalisi ta tjuruvu a keisac se dripun, ljakua tjasaigu a kuang nia dripun ta tja ceqeljap  kata tjakit. pakavililj ta kikarivuanan i &quot;tùn-á&quot; a pinapungadan imaza nia dripun. na kemasi ta cavilj a 1956 a patje cavilj a 1957, tjaliaw a kasiw imaza tazumazuma, manasika maolin aya a pinapungadan nia sihu se ciuku. maolin a ciniukuan a mavan tjaliaw a kasiw.

==kadjunangan==
izua gadugadu imaza. maretimaljmalji a kinamamamavan ta vavavan na gadu aicu a kemasi ta 230m patje 2,700m.

==caucau==
inika matjuruvu a caucau i gaduan imaza i moalin. nangida na djemaljun a sihu se ciukuk kacavilj a 1945, tjavekelj ta 1,000 a caucau izau imaza. izua 2,000 a qadjavanga a caucau patje tucu, ljakua pinavaik nia caucau imaza ta kipaysu a sema pairang kata lizuk.

se drekay a tjatjuruvu a caucau imaza, ljakua maretimaljimalji ta qinaljan aicu a kakaian na thakongadavane, 'oponoho, kata teldreka.

{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;
|-align=center
!qinaljan !! pinaljavakan&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;(km²)&lt;/small&gt; !! ling !! paljingan !! caucau&lt;br/&gt;(qiljas a 12 kacavilj a 2019)
|-align=center
| '''teldreka'''|| 17.8578 || 7 || 277 || 884 
|-align=center
| '''kongodavane/tona''' || 211.7259 || 6 || 188 || 622 
|-align=center
| ''''oponoho/mantauran'''|| 11.8085 || 6 || 140 || 431 
|-align=center
|maolin|| 241.3923 || 19 || 605 || 1,937 
|-align=center
|}

==sihu==

===kamakama na maolin===

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; | style=&quot;margin: 0px&quot; |
!sazazatj||tima||zazuman
|-
|se sihu a takau||姚水財||kacavilj a 1946
|-
|se sihu a takau||武天旺||kacavilj a 1948
|-
|se sihu a takau||姚水財||kacavilj a 1949
|-
|sangasangasan||林智生||
|-
|sikamasanmusalj||林智生||
|-
|sikamasantjelulj ||林智生||
|-
|sikamasansimatjelj||蔣萬順||
|-
|sikamasanlimalj||范錦春||namacai
|-
|mumalj a sinkiu||王文金||
|-
|sikamasannemelj||蔣萬順||
|-
|sikamasanpitjulj||陳   勝||
|-
|sikamasanvalulj||王文金||
|-
|sikamasansivalj||蔡文悌||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq||蔡文悌||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka ita||呂一平||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka drusa||呂一平||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka tjelu||張正信||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka sepatj||詹忠義||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka lima||詹忠義||
|-
|sevalitan||許正忠||
|-
|sevalitan||徐出世||
|-
|sangasangasan||盧進義||maumalj ta pinaljavakan
|-
|sikamasanmusalj||宋能正||sinkiu nia caucau
|-
|sikamasantjelulj||宋能正||tucu
|}

==tatuluan==
izua drusa a kedrikedri a gakku imaza i teldreka (maolin gu). neka daigakku imaza.

== kakipucemelan ==

==iyubingkiuku (yuzeng)==

===sasupuan na iyubingkiuku===
851 a sasupuan na iyubingkiku se maolin gu.

==remayurangan==
*tjekeza a teldreka
*pinapacunan a maolin
*tjumaqan i kongodavane

==sipacacikeljan==

===palidring a djalan===
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWkh132.png|23px|palidring a djalan i maolin]] sika 132 a palidring a djalan na takau: maqati tu kamasi ta [[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW27.svg|23px|省道]] sika 27 a palidring a djalan na taiwan patje maolin.

===basu===
*JOY basu H31(basu na takau lizuk): kemasi ta pubasuan i kî-tin-khu patje kongodavane
*8218B basu: kemasi ta qakaw patje maolin

==djamay==
*cinapan a vutjulj se kongodavane

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>5n8mb4k5hqw7lru7u1xjtla6chjyhzh</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Masalut</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>62</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12670</id>
      <parentid>12558</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-15T02:31:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* sika masantjelulj a qadau */</comment>
      <origin>12670</origin>
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      <text bytes="3126" sha1="i6gzz2r9s1bwbwenhd2dphujh61tt2b" xml:space="preserve">ka sicuayan a tja [[kakudan]], numakakiivaqu izua tja sinan pazangal a palisian, mavan azua masalut. pumaljimalji tua tja cemas ti tjagaraus, satjekana pulami puvaqu tua tja sikavaljut aya patarevan nuaicu a pupalisiyan. 

aicu a '''Masalut''' sisan paravacan tua naqemati katua mareka tjamatjaljaljak.

* sangasan:  sangasu a maleva a kiqaung ta sevalitan. 
* sikamasn musalj: pakiljaceng a padjulu taqumaqanan tu kanen. 
* sikamasan tjelulj: paljiljuas a kemesa ta vaqu paluveluv ta vaqu. 
* sikamasan simatjelj: kisan aljak a taqinaljan samaqepu a mapuljat. 
* sikamasan limalj: kisan aljak a mamazangiljan sa qemacuvung ta masalut

==sangasangasan a qadaw==
nu sangasangasan a qadau, nu masalusalut a i qinaljan, kayumaq a taqaljaqaljan a mapuljat, sa qavaqavai, sa culjuculju. nu kaljasalutan na venaua tacekeceljan, mare kivalavala itjen, nu izua mangetjez i tjanuitjen, tja patekelan ta vinaua pinikak, tja sikit tja qavai a pasedjalu.

==sikamusalj a qadau==
nu sikamusalj a qadau, pumaljimalji, kisukup ta cemas, patjevuta tua kavaquan, nukemesa ikamaqati sedjelj a kavaquan, ta teveljen a sicaviljan a kinivaqu. nuikatjen a pasusu pinaka palisi aya ramaljemaljeng. izua tulu na ramaljemaljeng tu penaula itjen tua tja lami a vaqu, aicua kemasi ta temugut patje kivaqu, tja kinamagaljuan aya! lja kinaluljayan, kinazengezengan aravac! aicua tja lami sinan [[vaqu]] a tja sinan pazangal a kemasicuway. tazua pipaljing a patjavang tua kavaquan, [[vutjulj]], [[qavai]], vaua. mangtjez a malada a kemapalisi a semanenanguq tua tja cavilj.


nu djemaljun ta kaljasalutan a qadaw, papuljiva a uqaljaqaljai ta mareka sudju, tiyamadju a uqaljaqalay, qemuyulj ta sasanguaqan saka mezua si pecungu a kasiu, sa satjezi a pasa tua na sudju a umaq, aicu a namaitucu sini pakacadja a pakeljang tua tjenglayan. aza sinatjezan a vavayavayan, tiamadju a matjaljaljak izua cinavu a sipavalet tua kiljivakan na sudjusudju. aza sikaizua nusa papuljiva nu kaljasalutan, mavanaza sinipapiayan tua sudjusudju a vavayavayan, izua tjaparekiljivaljivak tjaparepaqaljaqaljay!

==sika masantjelulj a qadau==
nu sika masantjelulj a qadau, a uqaljaqaljay a [[vavayavayan]] ikapumaya tu vuluvulung tu kakedriyan. savid a na kipaqulid a mitung a kialalang tua kinacalisianan! maqepuqepu itua na [[mazazangiljan]] a kasasavan, parutavatavak a masasenay a maqacuvucuvung. tazua nu zemiyaziyan i katuruvuan, izua mazazangiljan, izua kalayngan a papapilipiliq tua tjalja valeljeveljan a vavayan. kitekelan a pakata langalj. aicua namaitucu a kakudan nu masalusalut paseketj aya, na temalidu aravac!

==sika masan simatjelj a qadau==
nu sika masan simatjelj a qadau, aza malada penaljing a kemapalisi uta, lja kiqaung kisukup tua cemas a papuluqem, tu na suljivat itjen a taqaljaqaljan.

==sikalimalj a qadau==
nu sikalimalj anga qadau, vilivililjan anga mavesuang aya, tazua maqati anga qemaljup, maqati anga qemuma. patagilj anga uta vaquan a cavilj.


==qemavai==
nu masalut qemavai a pipaljing a taqaljaqaljan.

==maqaqival==

nu masalut ka sicuayan izua masan lialiav a siki vangavangan, namaya tua venacaq tua sadjelung, tua maqaqival ta valjanga.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Masilidj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>63</id>
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      <id>12448</id>
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      <timestamp>2024-06-13T09:43:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
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      <text bytes="3724" sha1="hkvr86qmjlezaolzan3m2vzqwj3e41e" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''masiljid'''

(北葉村)
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak (上級行政區劃)
| i Makagu i Hituking
|-
|sicuayan a ngadan
| Pakuhiu
|-
|sepaljavak(區劃)
|tapuluq a (lining) (10鄰) 
|-
|sihu(政府)

-sunciu(村長)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-柳明光&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|vusam
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-lja Djemaljalat&lt;/nowiki&gt;
&lt;nowiki&gt;-lja Gadegade&lt;/nowiki&gt;

&lt;nowiki&gt;-lja Tjudjalimaw&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|tjaljiqaca a pulingetj/

pulingetjan nua kadjunangan/sasusuan tua pasalavagan na katjunangan

(總面積)
|96.6523平方公里
|-
|supu nua taqaljaqaljan

-susuan ta kinatjuruvan a caucau a supu/pinenuljatan na cawcaw(總數)

-pinaljingan(戶數)
|


- siva a iday saka pitju a puluq kata drusa a  cawcaw(972人)(2019 a cavilj kata 4 a qiljas, 2019年4月)

-tjelu a iday sa drusa a puluq kata alu a paljingan(328戶)
|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng

(郵政編碼)
|963-41
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu/sasusuan na umaq a vecik(戶政資料代碼)
|100143280002
|-
|tjuljivaran nua guan(毗鄰)
|makazayazaya(瑪家村), 涼山村, 佳義村

[[timur]](三地門鄉):三地村

內埔鄉:水門村, 隘寮村
|}

a '''Masilidj''' , ngadan nua qinaljan i [[Qakaw king|Qakav]]. 

masiljid, izua a kinapangaljan a paljava nua makazayazaya i qakaw i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], mavananga a qapulu a varung ta makazayazaya, avan a tjaljapazangalan ta mula a liaw a kacalisiyan i gaduan i vecekadan kata kavulugan, izuazua a mavananga a siva a iday kata unem a puluq a taqaljaqaljan. det a kemasi Masilidj asema timur.

==katjunangan==

kinuveqacan a imaza nua itjaizaya ta pana a 隘寮, sa a i tjainavalj tua gaduan i vecekadan, mavan a  qapulu a varung ta kinapangaljan nua makazayazaya. aicu a mula a nakacedas a itjaikaledep, qaw izua a qaca a zaljum i pana a隘寮 tucavilj, a i tjaisangas a kazatjazatjan nua qakaw, a nakitangez tua gadu i vecekadan sa navalj a kavulugan, izua a kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu avan a kasi unem a puluq ta tayday a a vavavan a maru tadjekuacan i gaduan aza qinaljan, sa natemalidu a qinaljan.

natjuljivar ta guan imaza, avan a itjaikacedas tua makazayazaya, a itjaikaledep tua 內埔鄉, a naputideq ta pnan a隘寮, a mqaqecev a timur, a itjainavalj tua 涼山村.


==likisi==

pinatjavat a taqaljaqaljan nua masilid taimaza, avan a semaliawliaw taimaza:

masanirjalj, ka 民國43 a cavilj, izua a kaumaqan, tjutaizaya, livaku, muri a tayday a tjelu a puluq kata tjelu a paljingan a pinatjavat ta masilid a kemasi 舊北葉, sa izua a tjelu a puluq kata tjelu a paljingan a pinatjavat ta 獅子鄉竹坑村.

masanmusalj, ka 民國44 a cavilj, aza sangesangel i kaumaqan, masa kinasuqudjaljan izua, sa pinatjavat ta ljelauz a livay, qaw pinatjavat ta tuca a masilid, mavan a drusa a puluq kata lima a paljingan. izua a drusa a paljingan a pinatjavat ta makazayazaya, izua a unem a paljingan a pinatjavat ta 三和村.

masantjelulj, ka 民國45 a cavilj, izua a sepatj a qinaljan i makazayazaya, avan a palule, makazaya, tanavakung, pabikal. sa pinatjavat niamadju a putjelu: izua a tjelu paljingan ka 民國54 a cavilj, izua a alu a paljingan ka 民國56 a cavilj, izua a tapuluq saka pitju a paljingan ka 民國59 a cavilj, sa pinatjavat ta tuca a masilid, qaw izua a unem a paljingan a pinatjavat ta三和村.

masansimatjelj, ka 民國63 a cavilj, izua a tjelu a paljingan i 霧台鄉大武kata好茶村 a pinatjavat ta tuca a 北葉村.

masanlimalj, ka 2009 a cavilj, masa remljiz a 八八風災, aicu a guan a 瑪家村, 霧台鄉好茶村kata三地門鄉大社村, pinatjavat ta瑪家農場, sa remingedjilj tiamadju ta 禮納里, qaw pinaljavek ta aza mula, masan ta tjelu a 飛地 i masilid.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Maui</title>
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      <timestamp>2022-08-30T08:32:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dradran</username>
        <id>857</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
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      <text bytes="2784" sha1="pwabkidvlr43ywag4ue23k0r49jcfcn" xml:space="preserve">'''Maui(毛伊)'''
imaza i [[Autearua]] a qinaljan, izua za milimilingan na [[kaizuanan]] a patjara ti “'''Maui'''”aya. aicu a ti '''Maui''', pulju a aljak a kemasi kakedrian. ljakua kinilailaingan na cemas sa papeqacain. manasika maqati timadju a masan papamaw a caucau katua cemas. mayanga puqentjan, sa narakac timadju a kiqeci ta qalja, manasika sinan cemas nua mauli a [[kaizuanan]] i [[Autearua]]. ljakua timadju, tjengelay aravac a kiqayam tua pazangazangal a sengesengan, tjengelay uta a lemanaw tua salasaladj, mayanga saigu a palisi uta, sa pinakata san “ljemikay a pulingaw” inaya nua sikataqaljan. saka naseminamalji aravac a picul katua caquan ta kinasan [[pulingaw]] nimadju, ayatua kemasi ta vuvu a vavayan nimadju a nagemaugaw tua na seminamalji a cuqelay a sipalisilisi. sa izua timadju a naqemacuvung tua na seminalmaji a sengesengan, izua za “lemedaw ta sapui, cempu a seman calis, panadip ta kadjunangan katua qemati tua vatu……. ayaya, qau na kiqeci anan timadju tua “sipacacai a vavayan a cemas”, sa ini a macai timadju, avan a sinika pungadan ni '''Maui''' i [[Autearua]] a qinaljan.

[[sineqetj a vecik:Maui Snaring the Sun, pen and ink, circa 1927, Honolulu Academy of Arts.jpg|thumb|''Māui Snaring the Sun'', pen and ink drawing by Arman Manookian, circa 1927, Honolulu Museum of Art.]]

==milingan a patjara ti Maui==
saka, imaza i tua kakudanan na bulinisian, liaw aravac a tjaucikel. patjara “pinanadipan ni maui a qinaljan a kadjunangan”, qau a [[Autearua]] a qinaljan, mavan a tjaljakudrakudralan a qinaljan. izua maljesepatj a kaka a uqaljay nimadju, seman paqeteleng aravac tjai '''Maui''', sa ini a pakiciuren ti maui a semaljavek a kipanadip. ljakua ti maui, kicakaw a malang ta sipanadinadip a turivecan, sa kiqilja uta timadju i patekuteku ta varukur na kaka. patje uri cemaca tua kiniciqaw a pasatjladj, manu keljangen anga ti maui i tjaladj. qau, sa izua ti maui a kipanadip, manu palisin anan a turivecan, sa sivaliljing a alalj a pasaljavek. sa ljetjalatjaladj anga a sipanadinadip, manu mesadjelung anga, matu namadjameq ta nemanga. sa sikigalju nimadju a lemakac, sa lakacen a patjekacauanen a ciqaw, ljakua, “galjuanan” ayain ni maui tua mareka kaka, “ku papiminesegau anan na ljavek a cemas ti tangalua, sa tja civiciviqau anga ciqaw” ayain a kaka. ljakua maratjak aravac a mareka kaka nimadju, sa pacaciviciviqen anga a ciqaw. aicu mavan a masan kadjunangan a pitjaivililj i peitaw a qinaljan. izua gadu, vacalj, ceva katua tjaguy na malengedj i ljavek.

==i Autearua==
qau, imaza i [[Autearua]], liaw aravac a sinikipacacapilj ta milingan ni Maui. sa imaza i [[Waipunamu]], izua za sinipapungadan ta “Siniqaqeci a Varukur ni Maui” aya, izuanan a qinaljan sinipapungadan ta “Maui a Qaciljay” aya uta.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Maysang Kalimud</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kasizuan */kaizuan</comment>
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      <text bytes="3695" sha1="9r9vs63c1s8s8tk9ho8ou2jyhvbc7b0" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |Maysang Kalimud
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[sineqetj a vecik:C K Yang - Southern Campus 1960 crop.jpg|thumb|ti Maysang Kalimud, 1960|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | ruunduundu
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Japan.svg|25px]] [[Dripun]]  (1933-1945)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]] (1945-2007)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1933.7.10  
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Japan.svg|25px]]Taitu,[[Taiwan]],  [[Dripun]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|minacayan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 2007.1.28  (73 a cavilj)  
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of USA.svg|25px]]Amilika
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Amis
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|cekelj
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Daisy Chou
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kasusu
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |aljak: Cedric Yang, C.K. Yang Jr
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kaqinaljan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  [[Taitu king|Taitu]],  [[Taiwan]]

|-
|}
se qinaljan nua falangaw i [[Taitung|valangaw a lizuk]] nua i [[Taitu king|taitu king]] a kisanmekekelj a pangcah ti '''maysang''' lja '''kalimud''' (pinapungadan nimadju aza Yang Chuan-kwang nua ciniukuan).&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20200417173305/https://www.sports-reference.com/olympics/athletes/ya/yang-c-k-1.html&lt;/ref&gt; pinualjakan nimadju ka 9 a qadaw na 8 a qiljas na 1972 a kacaviljan, tazua [[Taiwan|taiwan]] a pinaljavakan nua sihu a [[Dripun|dripung]]. nu tjaisangas neka kinavecikan nua kakaian a amis, nu sivecik nimadju tua ngadan nimadju aza &quot;misun.&quot; na kitulu timadju tua kakituluan a lusandjalj na daigakku a kalivunia (UCLA) i tua amilika, tazua patagiljan nimadju tua tatuluqan. na patjamanguanguaq timadju kati raver lja djanseng (Rafer Johnson) ayatua pinatulu ni sinsi i 'eljeven lja dreik (Elvin C. Drake) tjaivililj. sipasanmusalj a sinipapuliguan nimadju aza 'ulimpiks nua i ruma ka 1960 a caviljan (1960 Summer Olympics in Rome).

==tulutuluqan==
pinapungadan ni maysang aza &quot;mamangan a cauwan nua asiya (Asia)&quot; ayatua sangasangasan a sasupuan nimadju a pinapuliguan aicu a pinalalumalumaljan a decatlung (decathlon) nua i asiya ka 1954 a caviljan kata 1958 a caviljan.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/feat/archives/2015/08/30/2003626509&lt;/ref&gt; namasanvalulj a sasupuan nimadju i tua 'ulimpiks kacaviljan a 1956.

==kinacemekeljan==
se taiwan a pangcah nua kacalisiyan ti maysang. na pucekelj timadju tjai daisy sa madrusa aljak ti kedrik (Cedric Yang) kati c.k. (C.K. Yang Jr.) a pinualjak niamadju. tjaivililj a matjelu izua ti madisen (Madison Yang), ti karmen (Carmen Yang), kati turutjilj (Dorothy Yang) a vuvu nimadju.

==pulitik==
meseljang a kuomintang ti maysang a masengeseng tua pulitik, sa tjaivililj a namasan kisanremasurasudj timadju kemasi tua kacaviljan a 1983 a patje kacaviljan a 1986. ljakua vavililjan aza paraljuvan nua pasemalavan nimadju tua DPP patjara pulitik nua [[Taiwan|taiwan]].&lt;ref&gt;https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=MAU9JjMcfsQC&amp;pg=PA162&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false&lt;/ref&gt;

==iga==

==pacunu uta==
* [[Suming Rupi]]
== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>9r9vs63c1s8s8tk9ho8ou2jyhvbc7b0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Miauli king</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>66</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12192</id>
      <parentid>10391</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-05T17:25:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kivangavangan */</comment>
      <origin>12192</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9368" sha1="4fl2b2dc78ve0v0ecrlvxkv0z6zxmzs" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''bari'''

(miauli king)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Miaoli County Montage.png|center|250px]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Miaoli County.svg|thumb|center|zazugan na bari]]
|-
|-
|na tjaivavaw a pangaljan na kaizuanan
|taiwan
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|bari(kakaian na taokas)
|-
|pangaljan na kaizuanan
|drusa hici, lima ceng katua tapuluq saka ita a qinaljan
|-
|sasusuan ta pasalavaan na kadjunangan
|1,820.3149km²
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|sihu
|-
|kalaingan
|徐耀昌
|-
|lalaingan ta semanrarasudjan a tjaivavaw
|miauli kingsihu
|-
|lalaingan ta semankakuletan a tjaivavaw
|miauli gikai
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|sasupuan ta caucau
|-
|sinisupuan ta caucau
|541,226 a caucau(sinisupuan na kaqiljas a 4 na kacavilj a 2021)
|-
|sasusuan na umaq a vecik
|10005
|-
|tjuljivaran ta guan
|hsinchu king katua taiciu
|}

aicu a '''Miauli king''' na seqaqusa pasa i kaviri i [[Taiwan]], pinalinguljan nua [[Taiciu]], [[Sinzu]] katua [[Kalinku king|Kalinku]].

sepinaljavakan aicu a bari na sihu a miauli king a i pasaviri a kaledep i tua taiwan. tjaljatjuruvu izuazua a ngaingay taza caucau na zumanga a sinipaljavakan i tua taiwan.

==kadjunangan==
sinipaljavakan taicu a kadjunangan na bari a sihu na miauli king a pasaviri a vecekadan i tua taiwan. a i tjaikacedas izua gaduan na xueshan. a i viriviri aicu a veljeluan na tiong-káng-khe(pinairangan) a pasanavalj i tua hsinchu king. a i tjainavalj aicu a veljeluan na da'an a pasaviri i tua taiciu. a tjaikaledep taza ljavek a pasavecekad ta taiwan kata ciuku. ru pacacikel a caucau a kemasi tamaza a patje taicu, ayatua ljiadet aza drusa a sinipaljavakan.

===kinaqadaqadavan===
kinaqadavan aicu a namasanmusalj a caculjuan a kinavaliyan.

==cinalivatan==
pinapungadan taicu a miauli(miauli king) a sekiamav tua kinaizuanan a qinaljan a bari na caucau se taukat.

tjasinikeljang a vinarungan na ruvenaruvarung ta namakakaizuazua a kadjunangan tu aicu a sinipaljavakan a miauliking a kinaizuanan na caucau a kaimazan. djemaljun a caucau se taukat a kaizuazua imaza i bari tjaisangas a qadjav a 1000 a cavilj kasi tucu. tjaivililj, mangetjez a pairang a semamaza kemasi ta kacavilj a 1650. saka patagilj tiamadju a paputalem imaza i bari(miauli king tucu). avan izua lialiaw a kinacemekeljan na pairang kata kaimazan a taukat ayatua puvaljaw aza uqaljaqaljay se pairang ta vavayan se taukat, se kaimazan a sasudjuan niamadju. nasepakiyananga a zuma a caucau a kaimazan tua izuazuan a kadjunangan niamadju. manasika vaikanga aza caucau a kaimazan a semagadu. a tiansin kuan&lt;small&gt;(天興縣)&lt;/small&gt; izua sinipaljavakan na sihu se ciuku, minceng ayain na ciniukuan kemasi ta kacavilj a 1662 a patje kacavilj a 1683. sangasangasan a patagilj a sihu na manciu a paljavak ta qinaljan imaza kacavilj a 1889. sipaljavaljavak niamadju aicu a miauli king taza kadjunangan a bari imaza.

==caucau==
===caucau a kaimazan===
izua 1.9% a caucau a kaimazan imaza i bari(miauli king tucu).
====taukat====
kaizuazua a caucau se taukat imaza kasicuayan.

====saisiyat====
i tatoba' izua kaizuazuan na caucau se saisiyat.

===mapida a caucau ljemita tua cavilj imaza===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1981
!kacavilj a 1982
!kacavilj a 1983
!kacavilj a 1984
!kacavilj a 1985
!kacavilj a 1986
!kacavilj a 1987
!kacavilj a 1988
!kacavilj a 1989
!kacavilj a 1990
|-
|caucau
|545,608
|548,184
|548,790
|549,973
|550,343
|548,187
|546,004
|545,978
|545,937
|547,609
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1991
!kacavilj a 1992
!kacavilj a 1993
!kacavilj a 1994
!kacavilj a 1995
!kacavilj a 1996
!kacavilj a 1997
!kacavilj a 1998
!kacavilj a 1999
!kacavilj a 2000
|-
|caucau
|551,016
|553,557
|556,188
|558,191
|560,128
|560,099
|560,344
|559,858
|559,804
|559,703
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2001
!kacavilj a 2002
!kacavilj a 2003
!kacavilj a 2004
!kacavilj a 2005
!kacavilj a 2006
!kacavilj a 2007
!kacavilj a 2008
!kacavilj a 2009
!kacavilj a 2010
|-
|caucau
|560,640
|560,766
|560,938
|560,643
|559,944
|559,986
|560,163
|560,397
|561,744
|560,968
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2011
!kacavilj a 2012
!kacavilj a 2013
!kacavilj a 2014
!kacavilj a 2015
!kacavilj a 2016
!kacavilj a 2017
!kacavilj a 2018
!kacavilj a 2019
!kacavilj a 2020
|-
|caucau
|562,010
|563,976
|565,554
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;'''567,132'''&lt;/span&gt;
|563,912
|559,189
|553,807
|548,863
|545,459
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;'''542,590'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-
|}

==sinipaljavakan==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
! tjaitekuan&lt;br&gt;a sinipaljavakan !! kadjunangan&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;（km²）&lt;/small&gt; !! li !! lin !!caucau!! saupuan na&lt;br&gt;iyubingkiuku  
|-align=left
|lizuk a bari(miauli)||align=right|37.8878||28||714||align=right|87,507||360
|-align=left
|thâu-hūn a lizuk||align=right|53.3205||33||560||align=right|104,745||351
|-align=left
|oán-lí cun||align=right|68.2473||25||361||align=right|44,498||358
|-align=left
|thong-siau cun||align=right|107.8486||24||394||align=right|32,808||357
|-align=left
|tek-lâm cun||align=right|37.5592||25||518||align=right|87,270||350
|-align=left
|āu-lâng cun||align=right|75.8079||23||367||align=right|35,021||356
|-align=left
|toh-lân cun||align=right|75.3153||11||176||align=right|16,081||369
|-align=left
|tāi-ô͘ gu||align=right|90.8396||12||180||align=right|13,776||364
|-align=left
|kong-koán gu||align=right|71.4523||19||282||align=right|32,247||363
|-align=left
|tông-lô gu||align=right|78.3805||10||218||align=right|17,121||366
|-align=left
|pinSa'o:ol(lâm-chng)||align=right|165.4938||9||184||align=right|9,468||353
|-align=left
|touwu gu||align=right|52.5046||8||120||align=right|10,159||362
|-align=left
|sam-gī gu||align=right|69.3424||7||161||align=right|15,576||367
|-align=left
|se-ô͘ gu||align=right|41.0758||9||108||align=right|6,661||368
|-align=left
|chō-kiô gu||align=right|47.9978||9||115||align=right|12,134||361
|-align=left
|sam-oan gu||align=right|52.2964||8||93||align=right|6,310||352
|-align=left
|sai-thâm gu||align=right|79.4324||7||99||align=right|4,121||354
|-align=left
|taian||align=right|614.5127||8||64||align=right|5,723||365
|-align=left
|'''bari'''||align=right|1,820.3149||275||4,714||align=right|541,226||colspan=2|
|}

==taqaljaqaljan==

==mareqali==
{|border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;wikitable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot;
|-----
| align =&quot;center&quot; | supuan&lt;br /&gt; || align =&quot;center&quot; | kukka&lt;br /&gt;
| align =&quot;center&quot; | Senhun&lt;br /&gt;
| align =&quot;center&quot; | maci&lt;br /&gt; || align =&quot;center&quot; | Zikan&lt;br /&gt;
|-----
| 1 ||[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of USA.svg|25px]] [[Amirika]] || [[Kalivunia]] ||Contra Costa  || align =&quot;right&quot; |
|-----
| 2 ||  South Africa || [[Wes-Kaap]] ||Mosselbaai || align =&quot;right&quot; | 1989
|-----
| 3 ||[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]] || [[Taiwan]] ||[[Kagi]] || align =&quot;right&quot; | 2009.09.14
|}

==tatuluan==
izua sepatj a taigakku imaza i tu miauli king.

==sipacacikelan==

===palidring a djalan===
{| border=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;5&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot;
|----- valign=&quot;top&quot;
| width=&quot;50%&quot; | || width=&quot;50%&quot; | 
|-----
| valign=&quot;top&quot; |
====palidring a djalan na vuremusa (Formosa)====
[[sineqetj a vecik:TWHW1.svg|23px]] sangasangasan a palidring a djalan na vuremusa (Formosa)
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TWHW3.svg|23px]] sikamasantjelulj a palidring a djalan na vuremusa (Formosa)

====djaljaljav a palidring a djalan====
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW61.png|23px]] sikamasan 61 a djaljaljav a palidring a djalan na taiwan
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW72.png|23px]] sikamasan 72 a djaljaljav a palidring a djalan na taiwan

====palidring a djalan na taiwan====
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW1.svg|23px]] sangasangasan a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW1f.png|23px]] sangasangasan-F a palidring a djalan na taiwan
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW3.png|23px]] sikamasantjelulj a palidring a djalan na taiwan
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW6.svg|23px]] sikamasanemelj a palidring a djalan na taiwan
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW13.png|23px]] sikamasansimuluq saka tjelu a palidring a djalan na taiwan

| valign=&quot;top&quot; |

====palidring a djalan na bari(miauli king)====
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW119.png|23px]] sikamasan 119 a palidring a djalan na bari(miauli king)
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW119a.png|23px]] sikamasan 119-A a palidring a djalan na bari(miauli king)
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW121.png|23px]] sikamasan 121 a palidring a djalan na bari(miauli king)
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW124.png|23px]] sikamasan 124 a palidring a djalan na bari(miauli king)
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW124a.svg|23px]] sikamasan 124-A a palidring a djalan na bari(miauli king)
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW124b.svg|23px]] sikamasan 124-B a palidring a djalan na bari(miauli king)
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW124c.svg|23px]] sikamasan 124-C a palidring a djalan na bari(miauli king)
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW126.svg|23px]] sikamasan 126 a palidring a djalan na bari(miauli king)
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW128.svg|23px]] sikamasan 128 a palidring a djalan na bari(miauli king)
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW130.svg|23px]] sikamasan 130 a palidring a djalan na bari(miauli king)
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW140.svg|23px]] sikamasan 140 a palidring a djalan na bari(miauli king)
|}

===basu===
izua basu na bari, basu na hsincu, katua basu na kukang.

==kivangavangan==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Sweet Osmanthus Lane, Nanzhuang 20071118.jpg|
Strawberry farm in DaHu Taiwan.JPG|
銅鑼公園一隅.jpg|
Longtengbridge.jpg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;</text>
      <sha1>4fl2b2dc78ve0v0ecrlvxkv0z6zxmzs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Sinvaudjan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>67</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12441</id>
      <parentid>12198</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-13T09:30:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* paljavak tua atjunang */</comment>
      <origin>12441</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6064" sha1="t3tqxi8xrhrcupciohfohdi8x2betdt" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''sinvaudjan'''

&lt;small&gt;('''mudan'''; 牡丹鄉)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:遥望旭海 - Watching Xuhai Coast - 2012.02 - panoramio.jpg|thumb|center|papacunan tua ljavek i qinaljan na macaren]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Sinvaudjan - Bó͘tan - (Mudan, Pingtung County).svg|thumb|center|inuwan ta sinvaudjan(mudan)]] 
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|qakaw(屏東縣)
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|sinvaudjan
|-
|sepaljavak
|umen a mula ata lima a puluq kata umen a (lining) 

(6村56鄰) 
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacuqan/lalaingan tua semanrasudjan a tjaivavav

-qinati a hulic a sihu
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-潘壯志(pacun ta guciu na mudan.牡丹鄉鄉長列表)&lt;/nowiki&gt;

- nasemudan a gukusiu(牡丹鄉公所)


-daihiyukay  na mudan(牡丹鄉民代表會)
|-
|tjaljiqaca a pulingetj/

pulingetjan nua kadjunangan/sasusuan tua pasalavagan na katjunangan
|181.8366平方公里
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu/sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan
|tjelu a taiday saka tapuluq kata ita a vavavan a  maru  tadjekuacan(311公尺)
|-
|kinavadavadayan nua cawcaw

-susuan ta kinatjuruvan a caucau a supu/pinenuljatan na cawcaw

-(pita sasupuan)sikamasan

-pinaljingan
|


-sepatj a kuzulj sa alu a taiday saka lima a puluq  kata umen a caucau(4,856人)(2021 a cavilj kata 2 a qiljas, 2021年2月)

- (第32)

-ita a kuzulj sa siva a taiday saka alu a puluq  kata ita a paljingan(1,981戶)
|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|945
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq  a  sihusasusuan na umaq a vecik(戶政資料代碼)
|10013330
|-
|tjuljivaran nua guan(毗鄰)
|sisigu、(車城鄉)、vangecul  ;daren i taitu

(獅子鄉、車城鄉、滿州鄉；台東達仁鄉)
|}


Mudan（牡丹鄉）

Mudan gu icuwa i Pingtung. ala atjunangn mapuljat 173.85&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang   78.01&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 67.38&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 4,619 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 1,806 a daceneqlan, Puyuma, Amis (93%) a maqcuwa caucau.  

mudan 

aicu a mudan(penaywanan: sinvaudjan）i pasakacedas a navalj tua [[Qakaw king|qakaw]] tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]], nakidekes tua sisigu, [[Daren|daren]] i [[Taitu king|taitu]], a i tjaikacedas mavan a taipingyan, a i tjaikaledep mavananga a (車城鄉), a i pasanavalj izua a sevangecul, mavan a guciu a tjaljanavalj a gadu a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]]. azua a “[[nu sesingvaudjan a tjaucikel|sineljavakan i sinvaudjan (牡丹社事件)]]”nu 1878 a cavilj a imaza a guciu.

nu 1920 a cavilj, aicu a mudan a pinaljavak na sihu nua [[Dripun|ripun]] tua 高雄州恆春郡.qaw, nu paljavak a sihu nua chuguku ta taiwan a imaza, teveljen aza qinaljan imaza, saka masan ta aicu a guciu.

aicu a mudan i 恆春半島, a nakitangez ta gadu i cadja, kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu a mavan a nekanga a kuzulj a vavavan a maru tadjekuacan. izuazua a pana a 牡丹、pana a 女仍、pana a 竹社. izuazua a amizuku uta.

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 6 qinaljan i Mudan. matja 8 qinaljan imaza, Maljipa（東源部落）, [[Sinevaudjan]]（牡丹部落）, Macaran（旭海（馬查蘭）部落）, Kus kus（高士部落）, Pungudan（大梅部落）, Kapanan（石門部落）, Anteng（安藤部落）, Draki（四林部落）.

==likisi==
aicu a mudan nua sinvaudjan kata kuskus kasicuayan. nu 1874 a cavilj, kiqeci a siha na ripun ta taiwan, masa qineci ta ripun a cawcaw na [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] nu 1871 a cavilj. aicu a mavan a “sineljavakan i sinvaudjan(牡丹社事件)”. qaw, sinanpazangal taimaza na sihu a 清廷.

venaday taimza na sihu nua ripun:
tjaqaciljai(茄芝萊)，tucu a mudan a石門村大梅（外茄芝萊）、石門（頂茄芝萊）、茄芝路、中間路。
Sinvaudjan(牡丹)，tucu a mudan a牡丹村上牡丹、下牡丹、馬拉地、牡丹鄉東源村。
Kuskus(高士佛)，tuca a mudan a高士村。
Macaren(牡丹灣)，tucu a mudan a旭海村。
Padriyiur(八瑤)，tucu a滿州鄉 padriyiur（長樂村）/bunsili(上分水嶺)、ljaviyaviya(下分水嶺)。
四林格，tucu a mudan a四林村四林、虎頭。

aicu a unem a qinaljan, pinaljavak tua高雄州恆春郡nu 1920 a cavilj, qaw neka a 街庄.sa pungadan a “恆春下蕃”. nu pakavilji a masanmusalj a makaqeci sekacawan, masa a “sineljavakan i sinvaudjan(牡丹社事件)” kata liaw a raculju(牡丹花) imaza, sa pungadan a高雄縣牡丹鄉 taimaza. nu 1950 a cavilj, pinaljavak na qakaw. sa venaday a牡丹村 ta 東源村nu 1956 a cavilj.
ka 1969 a cavilj, pinaljavak a 八瑤 na滿州鄉長樂村tucu.

==sepaljavak==
mavaday a Aicu a guciu tua unem a mula:
石門村:（tjaqaciljai 茄芝萊）：大梅（外茄芝萊）、石門（頂茄芝萊）、茄芝路、中間路。
牡丹村（sinvaudjan 新保將/牡丹社）：牡丹、中部落、馬拉地
東源村
旭海村（macaren 牡丹灣）
高士村（kuskus 高士佛）
四林村（四林格）

==tatuluan==
izua tjelu a gakku a kedrikedri imaza i sinvaudjan(mudan gu).

==kivangavangan==
&lt;gallery&gt;
阿塱壹古道.jpg|sicuayan a djalan na aljungic
Expedition1874.jpg|macacukes
Dongyuan Wetland3.jpg|puzaljuman a kutji
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==sipacacikelan==
===palidring a djalan===
====palidring a djalan na taiwan====
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW26.svg|23px]] sikamasan 26 a palidring a djalan na taiwan
====palidring a djalan na qakaw====
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_CHW199.svg|23px]] sikamasan 199 a palidring a djalan na qakaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_CHW199a.svg|23px]] sikamasan 199-A a palidring a djalan na qakaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWpt156.svg|23px]] sikamasan 156 a palidring a djalan na qakaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWpt172.svg|23px]] sikamasan 172 a palidring a djalan na qakaw

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>t3tqxi8xrhrcupciohfohdi8x2betdt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Namasia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>68</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12200</id>
      <parentid>11426</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-05T17:31:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kivangavangan */</comment>
      <origin>12200</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4199" sha1="h90acq2nqfe1sq7kdwz9gf5jde45qpy" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;  align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''namasia''' 
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Overview of the Kanakanavu tribe of Maia.jpg|thumb|center|gadugadu azua i namasia]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Namasia KH.svg|thumb|center|inuan i namasia]] 
|-
|kuni
|[[Taiwan|taiwan]]
|-
|tjaljatekuan a sihu
|takaw
|-
|san kilalaing ta gu a caucau
|孔賢傑
|-
|kadjunangan
|252.9895 km2
|-
|caucau
|3,149
|-
|}
[[sineqetj a vecik:Namasia 那瑪夏 - panoramio.jpg|縮圖]]
'''Namasia（那瑪夏區）'''

Namasia gu icuwa i takaw(kaohsiung). ala atjunangn mapuljat 172.33&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang 117.75&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 38.04&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 3,027 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 813 a daceneqlan, Bunun, Hla’alua, Kanakanavu (89%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

a i pasaviri aicu a namasia gu i tua takaw. tjaikacedas aicu a ngani(taoyuan gu); tjaiviri izua i kanakanabu(dapu gu) kata psoseongana(alishan gu) na kagi king; tjainavalj izua i jiasian gu; tjaikaledep izua i nanhua gu na tainan.

==kadjunangan==
izua gadugaduan na usaveq(kakaian na bunun) imaza. kinamamawan a tjaliaw ta 500m tua vavavan nua aicu a kadjunangan a gaduan i pinuljatan a pinaljavakan na namasia gu imaza. kemasi taza gadugaduan izua drusa a veljeluan. pasamaza aicu a veljeluan na namasia kata veljeluan na laku laku(aicu a laku laku na kakaian na bunun, siayaya taicu a veljeluan a sakulahlu taunguara na kakaian na hla'alua uta).

==kasicuayan==
pinapungadan aicu a báng-á-chí-siā kata báng-á-chùn-siā na pinairangan imaza kasicuayan, ayatua siayaya na caucau se kanakanavu a mangacun tamaza a kinaizuan niamadju.

==caucau==
===sasupuan tu penuljat ta caucau kaqiljas a 11 na kacavilj a 2019===
*izua 628 a caucau i nangisarʉ(izua 296 a vavayan kata 332 a uqaljay)
*izua 806 a caucau i mangacun(izua 409 a vavayan kata 397 a uqaljay)
*izua 1720 a caucau i tangaanua(izua 828 a vavayan kata 892 a uqaljay)

===mapida a caucau ljemita tua cavilj i namasia gu===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:100%&quot;
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1981
!kacavilj a 1982
!kacavilj a 1983
!kacavilj a 1984
!kacavilj a 1985
!kacavilj a 1986
!kacavilj a 1987
!kacavilj a 1988
!kacavilj a 1989
!kacavilj a 1990
|-
!caucau
|2,737
|'''2,731'''
|2,732
|2,778
|2,804
|2,840
|2,881
|2,849
|2,797
|2,829
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1991
!kacavilj a 1992
!kacavilj a 1993
!kacavilj a 1994
!kacavilj a 1995
!kacavilj a 1996
!kacavilj a 1997
!kacavilj a 1998
!kacavilj a 1999
!kacavilj a 2000
|-
!caucau
|2,885
|2,969
|3,033
|3,050
|3,092
|3,164
|3,264
|3,290
|3,296
|3,350
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2001
!kacavilj a 2002
!kacavilj a 2003
!kacavilj a 2004
!kacavilj a 2005
!kacavilj a 2006
!kacavilj a 2007
!kacavilj a 2008
!kacavilj a 2009
!kacavilj a 2010
|-
!caucau
|3,399
|3,392
|3,408
|3,383
|'''3,566'''
|3,491
|3,483
|3,469
|3,457
|3,401
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2011
!kacavilj a 2012
!kacavilj a 2013
!kacavilj a 2014
!kacavilj a 2015
!kacavilj a 2016
!kacavilj a 2017
!kacavilj a 2018
!kacavilj a 2019
!kacavilj a 2020
|-
!caucau
|3,252
|3,170
|3,145
|3,204
|3,149
|3,131
|3,125
|3,148
|3,146
|3,147
|}

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 3 qinaljan i Namasia. matja 4 qinaljan imaza, Nangnisalu（南沙魯部落）, Maia/Mangacun/Mangacun（瑪雅部落）, Takanua /Takanua（達卡努瓦部落）, Masinghalan（瑪星哈蘭部落）.

==tatuluan==
izua tjelu a gakku a kedrikedri imaza i namasia gu.

==papupaysuan==
===tataleman===
pungadan aicu a qudis a sanguaq aravac imaza i namasia gu.

== kivangavangan ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
大光巷 Daguang Lane - panoramio.jpg|gadugadu i namasia
Namasia Township Library 那瑪夏鄉立圖書館 - panoramio.jpg|pusupuan na namasia
南沙魯橋 Nanshalu Bridge - panoramio.jpg|tjekeza na nansalu
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==sipacacikelan==

===palidring a djalan===
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW29.svg|23px]] sikamasan 29 a palidring a djalan na taiwan

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>h90acq2nqfe1sq7kdwz9gf5jde45qpy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Nanzhuang</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>69</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12228</id>
      <parentid>10473</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T13:51:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* remayurangan */-sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12228</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7114" sha1="93zxyxe0mjrfqae98txufvi69vn4hmt" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''pinSa'o:ol''' &lt;/br&gt;(nanzhuang gu)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Jia Li Shan.jpg|thumb|center|aicu a gadugadu i pinSa'o:ol]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Nàmchông - Lâmchng - (Nanzhuang, Miaoli County).svg|thumb|center|inuan i pinSa'o:ol]] 
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|tjaljatekuan a gimeng
|bari (miaoli king)
|-
|san kilailaing ta caucau imaza
|羅春蓮
|-
|pulingetjan nua kadjunangan
|165.4938 km2
|-
|caucau
|9,494 (qiljas a 3 na cavilj a 2021)
|-
|}

Nanzhuang (南庄鄉)

Nanzhuang gu icuwa i Miaoli. ala atjunangn mapuljat 162.03&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang 95.59&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 26.55&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 2,462 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 917 a daceneqlan, Saysiyat, Tayal (67%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

a i pasakacedas a tjaiviri aicu a pinSa'o:ol (nanzhuang gu) i tu [[Miauli king|bari (miaoli king)]]. a i tjaikacedas aicu a emei gu na hsinchu king, beipu gu, kata [[Wufeng|tatoba' (wufeng gu)]]; a i tjainavalj aicu a taian. a i pasakaledep a tjainavalj taicu a [[Shitan|sawi' (shitan gu)]]; a i pasakaledep a tjaiviri taicu a sanwan gu. pasamaza a zazaljuman a veljeluan a zhonggang taicu a pinSa'o:ol. maretmaljimalji a zuku na caucau izuazua imaza tucu. se ngaingai a tjatjuruvu a caucau imaza (qadjav a 83%). zumanga a caucau izua sesaysiyat, setayal, sepairang, kata seciuku uta.

==kadjunangan==
penuljat ta 165.49 km2 a kadjunangan imaza i pinSa'o:ol (nanzhuang gu). izua lialiaw a gadu imaza.

==kasicuayan==
kinaizuan a qinaljan na caucau sesaysiyat kata caucau setayal imaza i pinSa'o:ol (nanzhuang gu).

mangetjez a caucau se ciuku a semamaza kemasi ta kacavilj a 1805 a patje kacavilj a 1814. paveli tiamadju ta caucau sesaysiyat imaza katazua. kisudjusudju uta tiamadju ta vavayan imaza i nanzhuang gu tjaivililj. saka pucekelj a caucau se ciuku a masengeseng tu temaletalem imaza.

kikarivuan a pairang i changhua kacavilj a 1826. kiqaung a taqupungan a pairang ta caucau sekacalisian tu papupicul taza kikarivuanan. papacai tiamadju ta taqaljaqaljan azua i chungkang cun. manasika, djemaljun a sivitjay seciuku semamaza tu pasekez taza kinaseljangan na pairang kata caucau sekacalisian. inika puzangalan a sihu seciuku tu namakuda a kikarivuanan a tjaliaw imaza.

==caucau==
penuljat ta caucau a mekedri imaza i nanzhuang gu kemasi ta kacavilj a 1981.

{| class=wikitable style=&quot;text-align:center; font-size:90%&quot;
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1981
!kacavilj a 1982
!kacavilj a 1983
!kacavilj a 1984
!kacavilj a 1985
!kacavilj a 1986
!kacavilj a 1987
!kacavilj a 1988
!kacavilj a 1989
!kacavilj a 1990
|-
!caucau
|'''19,486'''
|19,010
|18,449
|17,843
|17,227
|16,659
|15,904
|15,334
|14,854
|14,545
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1991
!kacavilj a 1992
!kacavilj a 1993
!kacavilj a 1994
!kacavilj a 1995
!kacavilj a 1996
!kacavilj a 1997
!kacavilj a 1998
!kacavilj a 1999
!kacavilj a 2000
|-
!caucau
|14,376
|14,327
|14,073
|13,897
|13,642
|13,324
|13,048
|12,816
|12,532
|12,247
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2001
!kacavilj a 2002
!kacavilj a 2003
!kacavilj a 2004
!kacavilj a 2005
!kacavilj a 2006
!kacavilj a 2007
!kacavilj a 2008
!kacavilj a 2009
!kacavilj a 2010
|-
!caucau
|12,239
|12,102
|11,911
|11,807
|11,695
|11,628
|11,449
|11,301
|11,318
|11,117
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2011
!kacavilj a 2012
!kacavilj a 2013
!kacavilj a 2014
!kacavilj a 2015
!kacavilj a 2016
!kacavilj a 2017
!kacavilj a 2018
!kacavilj a 2019
!kacavilj a 2020
|-
!caucau
|11,010
|10,863
|10,742
|10,674
|10,577
|10,391
|10,176
|10,042
|9,813
|'''9,573'''
|}

==kakukakudan==
===paSta'ay===
puita aicu a paSta'ay a palisian na caucau sesaysiyat nu ljemita ta sikamusalj a caviljan imaza i nanzhuang. izua ta palisian a paSta'ay i tay i wufeng gu na hsinchu uta.

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 9 qinaljan i Nanzhuang. matja 15 qinaljan imaza, haba: (大屋坑部落), kaehkaba:oS (馬果坪部落), Sasasezeman (東江新邨部落), tamayo’an (大湳部落), batbato’an (二坪部落), kahkahoe’an (八卦力部落), ray’in (蓬萊部落), haboeh (大窩山部落), Ciupus (鹿山部落), Sinpitu (鹿湖部落), P’anoh (鹿場部落), rareme:an (向天湖部落), hororok (鵝公髻部落), walo’ (瓦祿部落), Raysinay (石壁部落).

===pinaljavakan===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;
!width=8%|cun 
!width=8%|lin&lt;ref name=&quot;人口統計&quot;&gt;[http://mlhr.miaoli.gov.tw/tables2.php?y=101&amp;m=9&amp;unit=36 《南庄鄉101年9月各里戶數、人口數詳細資料表》，苗栗縣南庄鄉戶政事務所官網]&lt;/ref&gt;
!width=8%|caucau&lt;ref name=&quot;人口統計&quot;/&gt;
!width=68%|qinaljan&lt;ref name=&quot;南庄鄉地圖&quot;&gt;《苗栗縣南庄鄉行政區域圖》，內政部，2007年5月&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
|[[東村 (苗栗縣)|東　村]] || 20 || 1,390 || align=&quot;left&quot;|南庄 (東)、田洋、石駁頭、東村
|-
|[[西村 (苗栗縣)|西　村]] || 16 || 789 || align=&quot;left&quot;|南庄 (西)、[[大屋坑石爺|石爺]]、大屋坑
|-
|田美村 || 17 || 989 || align=&quot;left&quot;|田美 (西)、半山下、大窩、大石壁、菜堂下、桂竹林、烏蛇嘴、烏蛇窩、細湖頂
|-
|獅山村 || 22 || 1,043 || align=&quot;left&quot;|田美 (東)、龍門口、本坑、象鼻嘴、獅山下、獅腰、百段崎、都場口、食水窩、茄萣窩
|-
|南富村 || 23 || 1,313 || align=&quot;left&quot;|大南埔 (南富)、社寮、四灣、水隴、塘坡窩、坡塘尾、十二股、芎蕉湖
|-
|員林村 || 17 || 1,278 || align=&quot;left&quot;|屯營、北營、下員林、水瓏、小南埔、盪鈀山
|-
|[[東河村 (苗栗縣)|東河村]] || 24 || 1,256 || align=&quot;left&quot;|東河、蕃婆石、橫屏背、陸隘寮、鵝公髻、三角湖、向天湖、石壁、石門、神仙谷、鹿場 (陸家)、鹿湖、鹿山、風美、樂山
|-
|南江村 || 25 || 1,707 || align=&quot;left&quot;|獅頭驛、下坪、上坪、里金館、石坑、馬果坪、小東河、福南、北獅里興、長崎下
|-
|蓬萊村 || 20 || 1,070 || align=&quot;left&quot;|鱸鰻堀、下庄、上庄、蓬萊 (紅毛館)、萊園坪、二坪入口、二坪、神社、四十二分埤、仙山入口、大湳、上大湳、八卦力
|-
|pinuljatan || 184 || 10,837 ||
|}

==tatuluan==
izua sepatj a gakku a kedrikedri imaza.

==iyubingkiuku (yuzeng)==

===sasupuan na iyubingkiuku===
353 a sasupuan na iyubingkiku se nanzhuang gu.

[[sineqetj a vecik:南庄郵便局.JPG|thumb|200px|iyubingkiuku imaza i nanzhuang]]

==sipacacikelan==
===palidring a djalan===
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW3.svg|23px]] sikamasantjelulj a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW124.svg|23px]] sikamasan 124 a palidring a djalan na bari (miaoli)

===basu===
*basu na miaoli

==remayurangan==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Mountain of lions head southern view.jpg|aicu a gadu a 獅頭山
Xiang Ten Lake.jpg|raremewan
Mountain of lions head entrance.jpg|kemasimaza a djalan ta gadu a 獅頭山
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>93zxyxe0mjrfqae98txufvi69vn4hmt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Nan’ao</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>70</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10452</id>
      <parentid>10225</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-07-28T23:30:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Praxidicae|Praxidicae]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>7920</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6065" sha1="eectwgqvh0iqpra90l2ysxjjmwlh356" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;  align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''kbbu’''' &lt;/br&gt;nan’ao gu
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:宜蘭縣南澳鄉金岳國小2017B.jpg|thumb|center|aicu a gakku a kedrikedri i kbbu’]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Yl na.png|thumb|center|inuan i kbbu’]] 
|-
|kuni
|[[Taiwan|taiwan]]
|-
|tjaljatekuan a gimeng
|[[yilan king]] (yilan county)
|-
|san kilailaing ta caucau imaza
|李勝雄
|-
|kadjunangan
|740.6520 km2
|-
|caucau
|5,961 (qiljas a 2 na cavilj a 2021)
|-
|}

'''kbbu’'''（nan’ao）

Nan’ao gu icuwa i [[yilan king]]. ala atjunangn mapuljat 716.07&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang  637.26&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 65.15&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 4,807 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 1,498 a daceneqlan, Tayal (93%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 7 qinaljan i Nan’ao. matja 13 qinaljan imaza, Tpihan（塔壁罕部落）, K’babaw（庫巴博部落）, Pyahaw（比亞豪部落）, Ryohen（流興社部落）, Buta（武塔部落）, K`yang（金洋部落）, Kmuyaw（莫瑤部落）, Guguc（哥各滋部落）, Kngungu（各姆姆部落）, Hagaparis（哈卡巴里斯部落）, Kinus（基諾斯部落）, B’bukeykay（巴博凱凱部落）, Kb’bu（庫巴博部落）.

===pinaljavakan a tjaiteku===
tong’ao, nan’ao kata ’aohoa aicu a tjelu a pinaljavakan a tjaiteku imaza i nan’ao gu.

====tong’ao====
pasakanavalj ta nan’ao. na pinaljavakan nia dripun, venaday tiamadju ta kacalisian kata pairang imaza. sivadavaday nia dripun a qadjav a palidring a djalan a sikamasansivalj na taiwan tucu. tjaikaledep izua a calislisi a tucu a tong’ao. tjaikacedas a pasaljavek a tucu a tong’ao li i lizuk a su’ao.

kasicuayan, na kilailaing ti xayun-pata taicu a gukutsu a qinaljan imaza. kasiayaya ta qinaljan imaza a iyo. mavan iyo aicu a cemel a malialiaw imaza cuaicuayanga.

====nan’ao====
kaizuan a kasicuayan nia tayal imaza. izuazua a tjaljatjuruvu a caucau imaza tucu. na pinaljavakan imza nia dripun, manasika izua sivadavaday uta a qadjav a palidring a djalan a sikamasansivalj na taiwan. tjaikaledep izua i calisilisi a lima a qinaljan. tjaikacedas a pasaljavek a drusa a li na lizuk a su’ao.

====’aohoa====
aicu a ’aohoa cun i tjainavalj i nan’ao gu. mavavadayanga aicu a yayung knlibu(ita a veljeluan) ta hepingcun i bsuring(xiulin gu) i kalingeku katamaza. kaizuazuan a tjaivililj nia caucau se lima a qinaljan imaza a moyau, babo-kaikai, babo-lelao, leyoxen, kata taroko.

==kasicuayan==
na patagilj a sivecivecik tua izuazuanan imaza a '''kudral a nan’ao''' kacavilj a 1810. izua su'ao a pasanavalj ta kudral a nan’ao imaza. mavananga &quot;nan&quot; ayain a navalj na kakaian se ciukuk. manasika vinecikan a kudral a nan’ao a tjainavalj ta su'ao. tjaivililj a kacavilj a 1912, sivecivecik ta anemanema imaza a nan’ao. patje kacavilj a 1932, pinapungadan a nan’ao se' (qinaljan a nan’ao) ta kadjunangan imaza nia dripun. mavananga a kinakeljangan ta nan’ao tucu.

na pinaljavakan a taiwan na sihu se ciuku na kemasi ta kacavilj a 1683 a patje kacavilj a 1985. ljakua inika paljavak a sihu se ciuku ta qinaljan imaza. manasika nekanga sihu imaza. na patagilj a caucau se auciu/iyurupu (Europe) a mapapaveli kata pairang i taiwan na kemeljang uta ta izuazuanan a sikudakuda na kacalisian imaza. tjaivililj, sapaljavak tiamadju ta qinaljan imaza i nan’ao. na kiqeci a kacalisian a kavalan ta qaliqali se auciu. mavan sivecivecik a makakiqecian a da-nan-ao ta kiniqacengan na kavalan aicu.

na kiqayam a sihu se ciuku a paljavak ta qinaljan nia kacalisian imaza i nan’ao na cavilj a 1874. na qemeceng a tayal a kiqeci ta saviki se ciuku na djemaljun tiamadju i pasaviri i veljeluan a nan’ao.

na djemaljun a ripun a semamaza, a sihu na nan’ao (南澳支廳 ayain) i naniwa (朝陽里 ayain tucu) a sipaljavaljavak ta qinaljan kata kadjunangan na cavilj a 1917. tjaivililj a pinaljavakan aicu a qinaljan kata kadjunangan na sihu se ciuku na cavilj a 1950. mavananga a nan’ao gu na yilan king imaza.

==kadjunangan==
kasicuayan imaza a kaizuan nia caucau se tayal. aicu a nan’ao gu tucu i tjainavalj i yilan king. pasakacedas a kaviri ta su'ao kata kanavalj ta ljavek. pasakaledep a kaviri ta minnao (datong gu) kata kanavalj ta pasing (heping gu) i taitiong. pasakaviri ta dongshan gu; pasakanavalj ta bsuring (xiulin gu) i kalingeku. tjaljaqaca imaza a kadjunangan na pinaljavakan i yilan king. ljakua tjaljavekelj a caucau imaza.

==caucau==
tjatjuruvu a caucau imaza i nan’ao gu a setayal. manasika tayal a kakaian imaza. kinapcaucauan aicu a 18.84% a kakedrian, a 71.08% a maqacuvucuvung kata tjavulung, a 10.08% a vavuluvulungan.

{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;
|-
!qinaljan !! kadjunangan&lt;br/&gt;(km²) !!  sekacalisian i lizuk&lt;br/&gt;（qiljas a 11 na kacavilj a 2013） !! sekacalisian i calisi&lt;br/&gt;（qiljas a 11 na kacavilj a 2013） !! caucau&lt;br/&gt;（qiljas a 11 na kacavilj a 2013）
|-
|南澳村 ||  || 30 || 1206 || 1499 
|-
|東岳村 ||  || 9 || 493 || 555  
|-
|碧侯村 ||  || 25 || 1087 || 1210 
|-
|金岳村 ||  || 10 || 511 || 559 
|-
|武塔村 ||  || 9 || 414 || 524 
|-
|金洋村 ||  || 13 || 570 || 605 
|- 
|澳花村 ||  || 35 || 797 || 960 
|-
|'''nan’ao gu '''|| 740.652 || 131 || 5078 || 5912 
|-
|}

==tatuluan==
izua pitju a gakku a kedrikedri imaza i nan’ao gu. neka a daigakku imaza.

==iyubingkiuku (yuzeng)==

===sasupuan na iyubingkiuku===
272 a sasupuan na iyubingkiku se nan’ao gu.

==sipacacikelan==

===kisiya djalan===
*ljaljevavavan a tong’ao
*ljaljevavavan a nan’ao
*ljaljevavavan a buta(wuta)
*ljaljevavavan a blihun(hanben)

===palidring a djalan===
*sikamasansivalj a palidring a djalan na taiwan

===basu===
*basu na kukang
*basu na yilan

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>eectwgqvh0iqpra90l2ysxjjmwlh356</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Pairang</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>71</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12284</id>
      <parentid>10390</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T09:32:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12284</origin>
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      <text bytes="2054" sha1="scuth43roc7wzhh5m4rgz5hec0d5gwe" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:A'Chu and other stories (1920) (14597338250).jpg|thumb|250px|Pairang a kinacemekeljan i Huken]]
aicu a '''Pairang''' (bân-lâm-lâng) zuku nuaya mavan na i Hukken a kaizuanan. nasepaljavak tjai [[Tailiku]], [[Taiwan]], [[Pilipinas]], [[Malaysia]] katjai [[Singapura]] a Pairang zuku.

izua pinairangan a kai i pairang i tua taiwan.

==supu==
a supu nua Pairang a caucau tucu, izua man 62000000 sakaizua, qau tjaljatjuruvuan a i pinui  [[Tailiku]] an a Pairang a caucau.

{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+supu na Pairang (2000)
|-
! kukka
! supu
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of China.svg|25px]] [[Tailiku]] 
|align=right|40,000,000
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]] 
|align=right|16,321,075
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Malaysia.svg|25px]] [[Malaysia]] 
|align=right|2,020,000
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Singapore.svg|25px]] [[Singapura]] 
|align=right|1,118,817
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Indonesia.svg|25px]] Indunisia
|align=right|1,100,000
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Myanmar.svg|25px]] Myanmar
|align=right|720,000
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Philippines.svg|25px]] [[Pilipinas]]
|align=right|1,500,000
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of USA.svg|25px]] US
|align=right|611,300
|-
! Total
!align=right|62,000,000
|-
|}

==pinulingetjan==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Banlamgu.svg|thumb|right|Pairang zuku]]
aicu a Pairang zuku izua masanunem a pangaljan, mavan a se Huken, se Kuangtun, se Zetjang, se Nanyang kata se Taivang.

===Huken===
a se Huken izua se '''Cuanciu''', se '''Zangciu''', se '''Eiben''', kata se '''Tanpin'''.

===Kuangtun===
a se Kuangtun izua se Zhausan: Tzaucu, Shantu, Tzeyang, Meizu.

se Leizu- se Hainan

se Hailuhung- Haihung, Luhung, Chengtziu, Huizu.

===Zetjang===
a se Zetjang virivirian a kinaizuanan, izua se Wenzeu.

===Nanyang===
a se Nanyang navaljan a kinaizuanan, izua se Malaysia, Singapura, Pilipinas, Mintian, Vietnam, Indunisia.

===Taivang===

==pungadan a caucau==
*Yuan-Zhe Li
* Tjin Zheng
* Cheng-kung Zheng
*Maria Corazon &quot;Cory&quot; Cojuangco Aquino

==kaizuanan==</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Paiwan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>72</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11706</id>
      <parentid>11704</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-01-24T05:22:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>331</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11706</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3393" sha1="16d2sepkysxr0q1l6xuyki0esgintnu" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CE0000; text-align:center; color: white; font-weight:bold&quot; |paiwan
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:09.16 「第四屆國家文化資產保存獎」頒獎典禮，由「排灣原音」表演節目開場 (36417324374).jpg|frameless]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CE0000; color: white; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sasupuan nua kinadriungan
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|ma 104,169 a qadjav a caucau&lt;br /&gt;&lt;small&gt;(vinecik ka 5 a qiljas nua kacaviljan a 2021)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CE0000; color: white; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |kinaizuan
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|qakaw king katua taitu king
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CE0000; color: white; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | kai
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|pinayuanan
|-
|}

[[sineqetj a vecik:頭目家 排灣族.jpg|thumb|right|umaq nua mamazangiljan i qinaljan a sepayuan]]
aicu a '''Paiwan''' zuku nuaya mavan na imaza i [[Taiwan|Taivang]] a [[kacalisian]]. kemasi navalj i [[Kavulungan]] a kinasizuan, aza pinulingetjan na Paiwan zuku, kemasi navalj i Timur a patagilj, sa pasa viri djemaljun i Langkiaw, sa pasa kacedas i Taimali i navalj ta ljavek.

==supu na paiwan zuku a caucau==
a supu nua Paiwan zuku a caucau tucu, izua mansivaulav sakaizua, au tjaljatjuruvuan a i pinui Qakavan a Paiwan zuku a caucau.

==pinulingetjan==
aicu a paiwan zuku izua masanmusalj a pangaljan, mavan a se '''Vuculj''' kata se '''Ravar'''.

===Vuculj===
[[sineqetj a vecik:排灣族手紋.jpg|thumb|right|upright|kinivecikan a i lima nua mamazangiljan a sepayuan]]
a se Vuculj izua se '''Tjaiquvuquvulj''': Padain, Payuan, piuma, Qucapungan, Timur(numatjelu ki izua macidjilj), Wuakaba (numatjelu ki izua macidjilj).

se '''Tjaruvacalj'''- djaljadjaljai, valjulu, timur(numatjelu ki izua macidjilj).

se '''paumaumaq'''- Makazayazaya, Paljur, Kazangiljan, Iziuci(ivecekadan), Wuakaba(numatjelu ki izua madrusa).

se '''Pavuavua'''- kemasi kazazaljan a pasanavalj a patje kasuga a tjelu a qinaljan.
setjakuvukuvulj- sesisigu kata sekasuga a pasanavalj a tjelu a qinaljan.

se '''paliljaliljav'''- pinui- sinvaudjan kata pinui- mansiuan.

se '''paqaluqalu'''-katatipu

se '''kacedas'''- pinui- ansuan, pinui- kaqaluan, pinui- taimalian, pinui- kanarungan.

===Ravar===
a se Ravar virivirian a kinaizuanan, izua se Parirayan, Sagaran, Tjukuvulj, Timur(numatjelu ki izua macidjilj), Tjailjaking, Djinljepan.

==palisian==
===Masalut===
ka sicuayan a tja kakudan, numakakiivaqu izua tja sinan pazangal a palisian, mavan azua [[Masalut]]. pumaljimalji tua tja cemas ti tjagaraus, satjekana pulami puvaqu tua tja sikavaljut aya patarevan nuaicu a pupalisian.

aicu a [[Masalut]] sisan paravacan tua naqemati katua mareka tjamatjaljaljak.

* sangasan: sangasu a maleva a kiqaung ta sevalitan.
* sikamasn musalj: pakiljaceng a padjulu taqumaqanan tu kanen.
* sikamasan tjelulj: paljiljuas a kemesa ta vaqu paluveluv ta vaqu.
* sikamasan simatjelj: kisan aljak a taqinaljan samaqepu a mapuljat.
* sikamasan limalj: kisan aljak a mamazangiljan sa qemacuvung ta [[Masalut]]

===Maljeveq===

==pacunu uta ==
* [[Taiwan]]
* [[kacalisian]]

==kasizuan==
kazangiljan-vikung</text>
      <sha1>16d2sepkysxr0q1l6xuyki0esgintnu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Panama</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>73</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12722</id>
      <parentid>12721</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-17T08:04:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* hikuki */</comment>
      <origin>12722</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="5659" sha1="bfwp0fv16xv7wm6b5kqpjydfd9ylwi8" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;250&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|Panama（kukka i Amirika）
|-
| flag ||&lt;gallery&gt;
sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Panama.svg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|-
| vinecikan||
&lt;gallery&gt;
sineqetj a vecik:Coat of arms of Panama.svg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|-
|Paketu nakukka||《Himno Istmeño》&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:Panama National Anthem.ogg]]&lt;/div&gt;
|-
|tulu nakukka ||Pro mundi beneficio   
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|[[sineqetj a vecik:PAN orthographic.svg|center|180px]]
|-
! Kai  !!
|-
| kai nakukka || Espanian
|-
| vecik nakukka || Rumazi
|-
!  sihu !!
|-
| cungtung || Laurentino Cortizo
|-
! GDP  !!
|-
| penuljat || 934.220,000,000 $
|-
!  kadjunangan !!
|-
| penuljat || 75,420&amp;nbsp;km^2
|-
| pana || 2.9%
|-
!  Gini &amp; HDI !!
|-
| Gini (2014) || 51.9
|-
| HDI (2014) || 0.765
|-
! caucau  !!
|-
| penuljat || 3,705,246
|-
| zuku ||mestizu（70%）, Zambu（14%）
|}

[[sineqetj a vecik:Panama Embera0605.jpg|thumb|right|250px|aicu a kakedriyan a vavayan a sekacalisiyan a embra (Embera) nua i panama]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:Arco chato.jpg|thumb|right|250px|siukay a santu dumingu (Santo Domingo)]]
pinacacikelan nua '''Panama''' (Espanian: República de Panamá [reˈpuβlika ðe panaˈma]) izua kadjunangan nua vecekadan a amilika (Central America)&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110728060745/http://education.nationalgeographic.com/education/mapping/outline-map/?map=Panama%7C&quot;National Geographic Education&quot;]. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Geographic_Society|National Geographic Society]. Archived from [https://education.nationalgeographic.com/education/mapping/outline-map/?map=Panama|the original] on July 28, 2011. Retrieved May 12, 2011.&lt;br&gt;''National Geographic Atlas (list)''. National Geographic Society. 2010. p. 4.&lt;/br&gt;&lt;br&gt;''Webster's New Geographical Dictionary (list and map)''. Merriam-Webster Inc. 1984. pp. 856, 859.&lt;/br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[https://unstats.un.org/unsd/methodology/m49/|&quot;Americas&quot;] ''Standard Country and Area Codes Classifications (M49)'', United Nations Statistics Division&lt;/br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20061021010223/http://atlas.nrcan.gc.ca/site/english/maps/reference/international/north_america/referencemap_image_view%7C&quot;North America&quot;] ''Atlas of Canada''&lt;/br&gt;&lt;br&gt;[https://www.nationalgeographic.org/education/?xpop=1|North America Atlas] National Geographic&lt;/br&gt;&lt;/ref&gt; katua kadjunangan nua kanavaljan a amilika (South America). a i pasakacedas tua pinaljavakan nua kusta rika (Costa Rica) a panama. a i tjaiviri tua panama, mavan a  pasaljavek a karibin (Caribbean).

==kadjunangan==

==cinalivatan==
katjaisangas tua djinaljun nua caucau a sesipain ka qadjav a 1600 a kacaviljan, a i taza kadjunangan a kaizuazua a caucau nua sekacalisiyan a i panama imaza.

==kai==
sinipaljavak aicu a kai nua sipain (Spain). saka izua kinakaian a sipain nua sepanama tu siaya a kai a sipain nua qadjav a 93% a tjaljatjuruvu a caucau a sepanama. aicu a kai a sipain a kinakaian niamadju. kiniljavaran uta nua mareka a taqaljaqaljan aicu a kai nua amilika i panama. siaya niamadju a kai a drusa izua kai nua sipain katua kai nua amilika ayatua sipacacikel niamadju a sengesengan tua zuma a kuka i tua kacauan. nua qadjav a 14% a caucau izua kinicaquan tua kai a amilika i panama.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.worldatlas.com/articles/what-languages-are-spoken-in-panama.html&lt;/ref&gt; sa i matjalialiaw kakituluan nua caucau izua sinitulu nua kai a amilika i panama tucu.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20200101163727/https://www.pearsonlearned.com/improving-english-for-panamas-first-bilingual-generation/%7C&quot;Improving English for Panama's First Bilingual Generation&quot;]. Pearson. Archived from [https://www.pearsonlearned.com/improving-english-for-panamas-first-bilingual-generation/| the original] on January 1, 2020. Retrieved January 1, 2020.&lt;/ref&gt; manasika, maqati a tjatjuruvu a caucau nua sepanama a kiljavaran tua kai a amilika.

==kinatuluan==
pinakitulu a mareka aljak nua pinaka djesui (Jesuits) a kinateveteveljan a kiukay i tua panama katjaisangas tua kacaviljan a 1600. ka patagiljan nua sihu a panama a paljavak tua kinatuluan i kacaviljan a 1903. saka izuanga gaku nua panama a kuka tjaivililj.

==lizuk==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;10&quot; |'''sazazatj tua tjaljiqacan a pinaljavakan nua mareka lizuk i tua panama''' 

(aicu&lt;ref&gt;https://www.citypopulation.de/en/panama/#Stadt_gross&lt;/ref&gt; a tja sinikeljang tua sasupuan nua caucau i mareka lizuk.)
|-
|'''sazazatj'''
|'''lizuk'''
|'''sing (Province)'''
|'''sasupuan nua caucau'''
|-
|1
|Panama City
|Panamá
|430,299
|-
|2
|San Miguelito
|Panamá
|315,019
|-
|3
|Las Cumbres
|Panamá
|127,440
|-
|4
|La Chorrera
|Panamá Oeste
|118,521
|-
|5
|Tocumen
|Panamá
|113,174
|-
|6
|Pacora
|Panamá
|103,960
|-
|7
|Arraiján
|Panamá Oeste
|96,676
|-
|8
|David
|Chiriquí
|81,957
|-
|9
|Vista Alegre
|Panamá Oeste
|55,114
|-
|10
|Santiago de Veraguas
|Veraguas
|51,236
|}

==sipacacikelan==
===[[hikuki]]===
[[sineqetj a vecik:CM Hubdelasamericas.jpg|thumb|right|250px|aicu a puhikukiyan a tucumen (Tocumen).]]
izua tjaliaw tua drusapuluq a puhikukiyan i panama. sa, tjaljaqacan aicu a puhikukiyan a tucumen (Tocumen).

===basu katua kadjalanan nua mitru (Metro)===
izua basu a tja pinapukeljang a mitrubasu (Metrobuses) tucu i tua lizuk a panama. izua drusa a kadjalanan nua mitru uta.

==undu==
===yakiyu===
[[sineqetj a vecik:Carlos Ruiz.jpg|thumb|250px|right|temalidu aicu a ti kalus (Carlos Ruiz) tua yakiyu.]]
kinatjengelayan a undu nua caucau i panama aicu a [[yakiyu]].

==kinivangavangan==
na patagiljanga a sihu nua panama a papirazek tua kinivangavangan ka pasusangas tua lima a cavilj.

==kasizuan==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>bfwp0fv16xv7wm6b5kqpjydfd9ylwi8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Pilipinas</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <id>851</id>
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      <text bytes="11211" sha1="fzs82omg4q96pb2obm984fj7mntq4p8" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|+Pilipinas（kukka i Asia）
|-
| flag ||[[File:Flag of the Philippines.svg|frameless|center]]
|-
| vinecikan||[[File:Coat_of_Arms_of_the_Philippines.svg|frameless|center|upright]]
|-
|Paketu nakukka||《Lupang Hinirang 》&lt;div class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:Lupang Hinirang instrumental.ogg]]&lt;/div&gt;
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|[[sineqetj a vecik:PHL orthographic.svg|220px]]
|-
! Kai  !!
|-
| kai nakukka || Tagalug
|-
| vecik nakukka || Rumazi
|-
!  sihu !!
|-
| cungtung || bbm (bongbong marcos)
|-
| lipuinciu || Aquilino Pimentel II
|-
! GDP  !!
|-
| penuljat || $348.593
|-
!  kadjunangan !!
|-
| penuljat || 299,764  km^2
|-
| pana || 0.61%
|-
!  Gini &amp; HDI !!
|-
| Gini (2014) || 43.0
|-
| HDI (2014) || 0.668
|-
! caucau  !!
|-
| penuljat || 102,939,500
|-
| zuku || 33.8% Visayan, 
27.7% Tagalog, 
9.8% Ilocano, 
6.8% Bicolano, 
5.1% Moro, 
3.1% Kapampangan, 
1.7% Igorot, 
1.4% Pangasinense, 
1.2% Ljautia, 
1.1% Zamboangueño
|}

'''Pilipinas''' （Tagalug：Republika ng Pilipinas）

philipine mavan a namatevetevelj a tjuruvu a qinaljan a masan a pinuveqeveqan, pimaza i pasakacedas a navalj a asia. mavan auta i pasakaledep a taipinyan, a i viri mavan a ljusung(呂宋) a ljavek au namatideq kata [[Taiwan|taiwan]], saka izua 99 km a cadja kemasi a kedri a qinaljan nua philipine patje itua kedri a qinaljan nua i taiwan.&lt;ref&gt;徐慈薇. [https://www.chinatimes.com/realtimenews/20180219000019-260410?chdtv 2%華人掌握6成經濟！關於菲律賓 台灣人的10大盲點]. 中時電子報. 2018-02-19 [2018-07-25]. （原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20180725214511/http://www.chinatimes.com/realtimenews/20180219000019-260410 存檔]於2018-07-25） （中文（台灣））. 菲律賓是一個群島國，領土最北端的巴丹群島中的Mavudis Island，距離蘭嶼南方小蘭嶼只有99公里&lt;/ref&gt; au a i navalj mavan a silibis(西里伯斯) a ljavek au namatideq kata indunisia, a i kaledep mavan a nan a ljavek(南海) au namatideq kata yeinan(越南), a i kacedas mavan a philipine a ljavek. aicu a kadjunangan imaza i taipinyan a laluniyan, mavan auta a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledep. avan nu sika nakipaula ta liawliaw a luni kata raljiz ljemitacavilj. ljakua izua natemalidu a marekasacemel kata maretimaljimalji a racev. aza pinaljavakan nua i philipine izua pitju a kuzulj sa unem taiday sa sepatje a puluq a qinaljan, mavan ljaicu a ljusung a qinaljan(呂宋島),visayas a qinaljan(維薩亞斯群島) kata mindanau a qinaljan(民答那峨島) aicu a tjelu a tjaqacavan a qinaljan.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.gov.ph/web/guest/about-the-philippines About The Philippines]. [2018年6月22日]. （原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20180623032746/https://www.gov.ph/web/guest/about-the-philippines 存檔]於2018年6月23日） （英語）.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20180620024729/http://cnnphilippines.com/videos/2016/02/20/More-islands-more-fun-in-PH.html More islands, more fun in PH]. 2016年2月20日 [2018年6月22日]. （原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20210901075040/https://cnnphilippines.com/404.html 存檔]於2018年6月20日） （英語）.&lt;/ref&gt;   

a kaimaza a mareka caucau izua siva kuzulj sa tjelu taiday a kudrav a caucau, au izuanan tu ita kuzulj sa itaiday a kudrav a caucau i gaikuku. avan sika ka 2015 a caviljan paselaw anga ita a laulavan a caucau, masan sikamumalj a pinuveqeveqan nua i pasakacedas a navalj a asia.    

pimaza izua tjuruvu a zukuan kata bunka. aicu a negritu(尼格利陀) a caucau palemek tu katjaljasangasangasan a sikataqaljan imaza. au izua nandau(南島) zuku nakemacu ta malay(馬來) bunka patjavat tua mamaza. au izua nandau(南島) zuku nakemacu ta malay(馬來) bunka patjavat tua mamaza. ayatua aicu a kiukai kata siubay a mirazek, izuanga nasetevelj ta indu a bunka, ciuku a bunka kata iselam a bunka imaza i malje taqinaljan.     

==kadjunangan==
===kinaqadaqadavan===
a kina’adavan nakilaing tua kinaizuanan, aicu a i pasaviri namasankaledepan a kina’adavan, a i pasanavalj namasanzulezulan saka salapelj a kina’adavan, a pipenuljatan tua kina’adavan tjaliav a zalangezang, salapelj. matatjelu a kalja’adavan, nu sikatjelu a ’iljasan a taljulima a ‘iljasan zemulezul saka metad a kina’adavan, nu sikaunem a ’iljasan taljutapulu’ katu ita a ’iljasan kalja’udjaljan, nu tapulu’ katu drusa a ’iljasan a talju pasuvililj a caviljan a sikadrusa a ’iljasan kaljavuceleljan. nu i tua sikalima a patjetapulu’ a ’iljasan venali a kaledepan saka pinakaHabagat aya, nu sikatapulu’ katu ita a patje pasuvililj a sikasepatj a ’iljasan, kemasiviri a vali pinakaAmihan aya. a piniapapamamavan i tua 21 a talju32 a culjuan. nu i tua sikasangasan a ’iljasan tjaljavuceleljan, nu i tua sikalima a ’iljasan tjaljazalangezangan i ta tacaviljan.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20071022221129/http://www.gov.ph/aboutphil/general.asp General Information].（older version -- as it existed in 2007 -- during the presidency of Gloria Macapagal Arroyo）, [http://www.gov.ph/ The Official Government Portal of the Republic of the Philippines].&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lonely_Planet Lonely Planet].（n.d.）. [http://www.lonelyplanet.com/philippines/weather Philippines: When to go &amp; weather] （[https://web.archive.org/web/20170910081053/http://www.lonelyplanet.com/philippines/weather 頁面存檔備份]，存於[https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E4%BA%92%E8%81%94%E7%BD%91%E6%A1%A3%E6%A1%88%E9%A6%86 網際網路檔案館]）. Retrieved 2009-01-23.&lt;/ref&gt;

==cinalivatan==
ka 1521 a caviljan nadjemaljun i maza tia mayceljun a ruculjev a taciyuran, a pasuvililj ka1565 a patje1571 a caviljan azua a sesipanya patagilj kemaizua tua kadjunangan i viliping (菲律賓) a marekavuguvug, izua aza ti ljupice a rusavawvaung, napapungadan tua ngadan nua mazazangiljan niamadju a “vilipi” a vuguvug, saka izua a tjelu a iday a djinadjasan a pasacuay tuazua kadjunangan. ka 19 seci (世紀) a vililj, napa’ecev a seviliping tua sipanya, tua ’arimika a ma’a’eci katua ’amirika katua seviliping a ma’a’eci, sa masan’amirikanga a djemadjas tjayamadju. ka tjalju sikimusalj nua ma’a’eci’eci i kacauan, djinadjas uta nua seripung, ka tjalju 1946 anga a caviljan, kimadjuanga tiamadju lemingedjel tua kuni. azua a djinadjasan nua ’amirika tazua, azua a kai a ’inamirikan katua kakudakudanan nua ’amirika namarakac aravac a izua a marekacawcau. kimadjuanga tiamadju a patjetucu, kinpidaljanga tiamadju a secapilj tua mangua’an tua pakatapaysu sa mapatulu tiamadju saka naljiacadja a sipacunan, ljakua azua a sihu niamadju inika naseteregereger, ’awban tua mangua’an a kemasitua sikata’aljan, saka pazangal a mirazek a ta’alja’aljan. a tjaljaselapayan mavan a namangua’ katua namapulju a sipacacadjan. mada’ay a maljenguangua’anga a sialalap nua marekasikata’aljan, tjuruvuanga a cemikecikel a i gaykuku a kipusengsengsengan a cawcau, paravac azua a i makaviri a marekavuguvug katua i manilja namawmaljanga aravac a kinakemudan, ka pasusangas tua 金融風暴 pinaliguanga tiamadju tua kinisamuljan niamadju tua i maza i asiya (亞洲).

==kai==
kemasi tua matja 120 a patje matja 175 izua mareka kinakaian a sinikiljavaran i pilipinas.&lt;ref&gt;McFarland, C. D. Subgrouping and Number of Philippine Languages. Philippine journal of linguistics. 1994, 25 (1-2): 75–84. [https://www.worldcat.org/title/philippine-journal-of-linguistics-special-monograph-issue/oclc/2726559 ISSN 0048-3796].&lt;/ref&gt; a i tua kakaian a se malayu-pulinisiyan (Malayo-Polynesian) a tjaljaliaw aza kinakaian. ljakua izua uta a kinakaian nua ruman (Romance) matu kai a cavacanu (Chavacano) a kuriyu (Creole).

izua [[drusa]] a kai nua sihu a pilipinas. aicu a kai a amilika katua kai a pilipinas. sa patje ka 2017 a caviljan, izua zumanga a matja 19 a kinakaian a sipacacikel nua sihu a pilipanas.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.gmanetwork.com/news/news/nation/317280/deped-adds-7-languages-to-mother-tongue-based-education-for-kinder-to-grade-3/story/ DepEd adds 7 languages to mother tongue-based education for Kinder to Grade 3] （[https://web.archive.org/web/20170221210849/http://www.gmanetwork.com/news/story/317280/news/nation/deped-adds-7-languages-to-mother-tongue-based-education-for-kinder-to-grade-3 頁面存檔備份]，存於網際網路檔案館）. GMA News. 7/13/2013.&lt;/ref&gt; kiniljavaran nua tjatjuruvu a caucau i pilipinas aicu a kai a pilipinas tua kai a amilika tucu.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.ethnologue.com/country/ph/languages/ Philippines]. [https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%B0%91%E6%97%8F%E8%AA%9E Ethnologue]. [2019-04-05]. （原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20190430170623/https://www.ethnologue.com/country/ph/languages 存檔]於2019-04-30）.&lt;/ref&gt;

izua sinivecikan nua kai a pilipinas namaya tua sinivecikan a kulitan (Kulitan). ljakua inika vinecik nua tjaljatjuruvu a [[caucau]] i pilipinas tucu. sivecivecik nua tjaljatjuruvu a caucau i pilipinas aicu a sinivecikan a latin (Latin Script) ayatua pasusangas a cinalivatan niamadju tua pinaljavakan nua sihu a spain (Spain) katua sihu a amilika. izua sivecivecik a arabik (Arabic alphabet) nua caucau a semuselim (Muslim) a qinaljan.

==sihu==
===cungtung===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; | style=&quot;margin: 0px&quot; |
!--|| ||ngadan||
|-
|1 ||[[sineqetj a vecik:Emilio Aguinaldo ca. 1919 (Restored).jpg|frameless|upright=0.3]]||Emilio Aguinaldo||
|-
|2||[[sineqetj a vecik:Manuel L. Quezon (November 1942).jpg|frameless|upright=0.3]]||Manuel Luis Quezón||
|-
|3||[[sineqetj a vecik:Jose P. Laurel.jpg|frameless|upright=0.3]] ||José Paciano Laurel||
|-
|4||[[sineqetj a vecik:Osmena.jpg|frameless|upright=0.3]]||Sergio Osmeña||
|-
|5||[[sineqetj a vecik:Manuel A Roxas.jpg|frameless|upright=0.3]]||Manuel Roxas y Acuña||
|-
|6||[[sineqetj a vecik:ElpidioQuirino.jpg|frameless|upright=0.3]]||Elpidio Rivera Quirino||
|-
|7||[[sineqetj a vecik:Ramon-Magsaysay-01.jpg|frameless|upright=0.3]]||Ramón del Fierro Magsaysay||
|-
|8||[[sineqetj a vecik:Carlos P Garcia.jpg|frameless|upright=0.3]]||Carlos Polistico García||
|-
|9||[[sineqetj a vecik:Ferdinand Marcos at the White House.jpg|frameless|upright=0.3]]||Diosdado Pangan Macapagal||
|-
|10||[[sineqetj a vecik:Ferdinand Marcos (cropped).jpg|frameless|upright=0.3]]||Ferdinand Marcos||
|-
|11||[[sineqetj a vecik:Corazon Aquino 1986.jpg|frameless|upright=0.3]]||Corazon C. Aquino||
|-
|12||[[sineqetj a vecik:Ramos Pentagon.jpg|frameless|upright=0.3]]||Fidel Valdez Ramos||
|-
|13||[[sineqetj a vecik:Josephestradapentagon.jpg|frameless|upright=0.3]]||Joseph Ejercito Estrada||
|-
|14||[[sineqetj a vecik:Gloria Macapagal Arroyo WEF 2009-crop.jpg|frameless|upright=0.3]]||Maria Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo||
|-
|15||[[sineqetj a vecik:การหารือทวิภาคีระหว่างนายกรัฐมนตรี และประธานาธิบดีสาธา - Flickr - Abhisit Vejjajiva CROP.jpg|frameless|upright=0.3]]||Benigno S. Aquino III||
|-
|16||[[sineqetj a vecik:Rodrigo Duterte June 2016.jpg|frameless|upright=0.3]]||Rodrigo Duterte ||tucu
|}

==pacunu uta==
* [[Taiwan]]
* [[Singapura]]
* [[Malaysia]]

==kaizuan==</text>
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    <title>Qadaw</title>
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|+''Qadaw [[sineqetj a vecik:Sun symbol (bold).svg|24px|☉]]''
|-
| sianpian ||
[[sineqetj a vecik:The_Sun_by_the_Atmospheric_Imaging_Assembly_of_NASA's_Solar_Dynamics_Observatory_-_20100819.jpg|frameless|center|太阳]]
|-
| kinasadeljungan ||
1.9891×1030&amp;nbsp;kg
|}
aicu a '''Qadaw''', pinapu ngadan tua i Navay uta. kemasi cuai a patje tucu, sinan cemas a paqaljai a qadaw, saka masalu a taqaljaqaljan tu qadaw a kinasizuan nua nanemanga i kacauan a naqemati tua ljinaungan nua i kalevelevan. namasan pazangal a Qadaw ta caucau. pukeljang: [[sineqetj a vecik:Sun symbol (fixed width).svg|16px|☉]].

==milingan na qadaw==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Sun poster.svg|縮圖|aicu a qadaw.]]

kacuacuayanga, iteketeku a qadaw, izuazua i vavaw ta qaljiyu sa inika i qacaqaca a matucu, saka semezam aravac a qadaw. qaw inika kipaqadilj a cawcau tua semezam a qadaw sa alapen ta lima a vaqu tua kemesakesa. nu kemesekese ta vaqu, izua a liulj, sa uri kiciur ta liulj a qadaw a patjevavavi tua kalevelevan. saka, nu vaikanga a qadaw sa qemauqaung tiamdju, sa azua a luseq nimadju avan a “luseq na qadaw”.  

azua a “luseq na qadaw” avan a ngadan nua qataqata i kacalisiyan. izua a kisumalji a pacugan kata ngadan nua qataqata i kacalisiyan, ljawa masa inika mamau ta pacugan i qinaljan na [[Paiwan|paiwan]], uri papungadan ta qataqata tiamadju sa inika mamau a pacugan taizua. “mulimulitan” kata “luseq na qadaw” mavan a tjaljapazangal a qata i paiwan, ljawa masanliawliaw a “mulimulitan”; qaw inika rupacun ta “luseq na qadaw”, sa aicu a qata mavan a uqaljayqaljay nua qata, neka a vavayanvayan nua qata.


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    <title>Qakaw king</title>
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| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''akaw (pintung king)'''[[sineqetj a vecik:屏東南迴公路.jpg|thumb|center|papacunan i palidring a djalan na qakaw a pasanavalj tua taiwan]]
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|[[sineqetj a vecik:Taiwan ROC political division map Pingtung County.svg|thumb|center|pintung king (qudjidji a pinakeljang)]]
|-
|-[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Pingtung County.svg|thumb|center|]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|taiwan
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|akaw
|-
|sepaljavak
|ita hici, tjelu ceng kata drusa puluq sa siva a qinaljan 
|-
|sepaljavak
|ita hici, drusa ceng kata tapuluq a qinaljan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
| -潘孟安(pacun ta kinciu na pintung king)
-pintung kingsihu


-pintungking gikai 

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan 
|2775.6003km²
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na caucau


-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
| -alu puluq kudrav sa siva kuzulj sa pitju taiday sa unem puluq sa lima a caucau (809,765)(2021 a cavilj kata sepatj a qiljas)
-masansivalulj (8)

-drusaiday sa siva puluq sa ita a caucau/km² 
|-
|sinipakelang
-hana

-kasiw

-qayaqayam
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-九重葛&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-yasi

-紅尾伯勞
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10013
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|[[Taitu king|taituking]], takaw
|}

akaw king (pinairangan：Pîn-tong-koān；nginaingayngan：Pinˇ dungˊ ian；minakadawan: Akauw；pinaywanan：Qakaw) avan angata ca king nua i taiwan. imaza i tjaljanavaljan a pasakaledep a navalj tua [[Taiwan]], avan ca tjaljaladruqan pakata kinalangan nua kadjunangan a pasakaledep a king. a i viri nakidjekec tua takaw king, a i kacedas nakidjekec tua viri a kavulungan kata  [[Taitu king]], rusezaman a kinaizuanan. au pakata sengsengan sinan pazangal ta nugiu kata kiciqavan, ljakua tucuanga cavilj, izuanan pazangal zemurung ta riuku. pakata racev izua niubang, azuki, dinaung a qecilu, na bibi a tamagu sa djaungi, hungren(紅仁) bibi a qecilu, pangudrai, manges, mizaw, tjipus,sebanyu(石斑魚), sakula quzang, makaljavek a qecengecengel a ciqaw, keke kata tama nigi.

== cinalivatan ==
aza kadjunangan maitucu i akaw kata takaw hici, kasicuayan avan nu paiwan zuku kata pinpu makadaw zuku a kadjunangan niamadju. au aza paiwan zuku na imaza lemindjelj ta tjakuvukuvulj, makazayazaya kata timur ta qaca timitim nua minecengan (tjalja vulungan a pukindri). saka izua mapulju makadaw zuku, izuanan pairang kata haka mangetjez mamaza pitjaviljan maqati pagaugaw ta nemanga. au aicu sirasudjan i qinaljan masualap ka mata ripun a djiday. 

=== i tua uranda djiday ===
lja paka sadjelung a uranda ta mincaw(明朝) sihu, avansika patjavat a sema taiwan a patagilj tua siubay a sengesengan, sa leminling tua caucau sauing mataiwan a paljilji ta minatu marekadu. ka 1625 a cavilj, zemuga ta siawliucyu itua zuga nakadjunangan, sa siqivuan tu “mattysen”. ka 1633 a cavilj, patagilj kemin ta tjuamalji a caucau kata kacalisian kemasi tainan, takaw kata akaw kinipusaladj a ljitaladj i siawliucyu, lja ika padjalim a kemasengseng, sa aza uranda sinantuban za pairang kau muliven a kacalisian a pakalakuka. djemaljum ta 1636 a cavilj, lja na izua kedri a lami a munday. sa ika namapacun tu meljenguaq, avan zua patagilj sakucen a kacalisian a pasa patawiya (tucu i ingni yacyata hici)(印尼雅加達), kapitjaivililj anga aza i siawliucyu sipa quma ta pairang na uranda. ljaki ika nanguaq a qinuman na pairang, nasa kipuvarung a kitjaula pusaladj a qemuma a izuangata a kacalisian imaza, ljakua kavililjanga sausauing a kitjuvaday tua kacalisian. avan tauta, aza akaw a kadjunangan mavan a makadaw a kakaizuanan, masan ta maretimalji a qinaljan, au kisatja tua uranda.

=== minzen djiday ===
ka 1644 a cavilj, izuanga caucau i siawliucyu(小琉球) kemasi vudjan chunzu patjavat mamaza. pakata kinkiu a vecik, ka 1644 a cavilj, izua lja li(李) kemasi tjindjiang(晉江), ka 1688 a cavilj, izua lja cay(蔡) kemasi nanan(南安) kata lja wang(王) kemasi tjindjiang, ka 1671 a cavilj, izuanan lja lin(林) kemasi tjindjiang sezuljuzulju ljitaladj a qemuma i tucu liucyu guan.

ka ti kamakama 鄭成功 djemadjas pasanavalj a taiwan sa kanri imaza, aza kadjunangan pakata akaw qinaljan mavan a sedjelj a wannyan(萬年) king, saka pavalitan ta sipavecik pa ti wannyanzu(萬年州) sa kanrivi. tazua linlingen aza sivitay a sema vuljavuljau a kadjunangan a qemuma, au cineviqe imaza tu alu a qinaljan kata na kacalisian a qinaljan, izua likang guan, pintung hici, wandan guan, sinyuan guan, linbien(林邊) guan, mata cecen(車城) guan kata vuljavuljau aicu imaza tucu akaw king. ti kamakama 鄭成功 saljinga djemadjas tua akaw a kadjunangan, sa malivu kata kacalisian imaza, ljakua ika djemalim kavililjanga. 

=== cinting a djiday ===
ka citing a djiday, pavalitan qivu ta “vungsan guan”, matu tucu akaw a kadjunangan, lja izua qaca a kawpin(高屏) pana(tazua qivu ta siadansuy pana), ika naseljenguwaq a  djalan. au tja tjuruvu a caucau marekutj a vaik a makacedas a kadjunangan, saka izua mapulju a pairang imaza. ka 1697 a cavilj ti yuyunghe(郁永河) semamza, timadju vecik ta “aza sikataqaljan penuljat avan nu kacalisian i zulu, vungsan”. ljakua ka 1664 a cavilj ti 鄭經 uri kasengesengeng ta “屯田之制” aicu a kinsic, au matu ta cinting sihu (ti kamakama kangsi) kanri a vecekadan a cavilj, i pasakacedas a siadansuy pana (tazua izua kangdung kata kangsi aicu drusa li), tja tjuruvu a sikataqaljan kimaya sedjelj a haka zuku tiamadju kemasi kuangdungsen(廣東省) djainzu(嘉應州) (tucu i mizucy梅州市), au tjatjuruvu a caucau avan nu lja yang(楊), lja zang(張), lja zen(鄭) kata lja ku(古) aicu sepatj a marekasusu qemuma imaza. ka 1698 a cavilj, a na haka tjaisangas a mareka caucau kemasi dungkang pana, lilu(麟洛) pana kata wulu(武洛) pana kitjuvay tua matjatjelu a kadjunangan a qemuma, masan ta tucu a liuduy(六堆). ka 1721 a cavilj, tazua zuyikwi (朱一貴) marivu, aza haka zuku lemindjelj anga puluq sa tjelu a qaca zuang(大莊) kata unem puluq sa sepatj a kedri zuang(小莊).

tjaljazua mapazulju a pairang i akaw, lemindjelj ta “下淡水巡檢分署” imaza(tucu i pasakacedas a kawpin pana), matu gimeng i vungsan guan, ljakua ika paqulid a sincency.

mata 1721 a cavilj, ti 藍鼎元 kemasi zangzu, kata sivitai ti 藍廷珍 aza kaka nimadju, mangetjez i taiwan lja sipasemekez ta zuyikwi marivu, au lja 藍 kata tjuruvu a sivitay kidjaula imaza ika vaikanga cemikel, kicaing i alikang(tucu likang guan). katjasangas uri patagilj a qemuma, pakata pairang imaza, i pasaviri a pintung hici, sedjelj a patjavat a cucau kemasi zangzu, i pasanavalj a pintung hici, sedjelj a patjavat a caucau kemasi chunzu, au i pintung hici sedjelj a caucau kemasi chunzu kata zangzu. ka 1734 a cavilj, inia amin aza akaw a kadjunangan ljaqedi ta paiwan zuku a kakaizuanan, tjaliaw inalap na pairang a kadjunangan, sa matatevetevelj kata makadaw zuku a sikataqaljan i vungsan alu a qinaljan(鳳山八社). ka 1720 a cavilj izua “鳳山縣志” a vecik ta “kemasi pasanavalj a dansuy pana, ti pairang  matatevetevelj kata kacalisian, au paravac ti haka zuku”.

ka 1764 a cavilj, aza pitung hici masan tja mirazek a cydje(市街), mata 1836 a cavilj, aza sivitay kata sikataqaljan maciuciu lemindjelj ta aku a djeljep, izua kacedas, kaledep, navalj kata viri aicu sepatj a paljing. sa maqacuvung a seman umaq pakata pintung cydje. au mayanga, lja izua “屯番制” kata “守隘政策” aicu drusa a kinsic a zemurung. aza makadaw zuku patagilj patjavat pasa tjiusiu a tjeljekaz, sa tjaljiazua masan ta pitjuvaikvaik niamadju ta kinaizuanan.  

ka 1874 a cavilj, lja za i liucyu miyaku(宮古島) a caucau na maqaqeci ta kacalisian, sa aza ripun sihu siqivu ta sivitay a remaranga tua i taiwan, avan nu sinvaudijan a maqaqeci aicu a rikishi, ka cinting sihu kemeljang tu sanpazangaleng a zeman ta pakaljavek a sengsengan, linlingen aza tjavavaw a kamakama ti沈葆楨mavuljavuljau a lemindjelj ta kisazeman ta makaljavek, tjaivililj a cavilj, lemindjelj ta tjalja navaljan a vuljavuljau guan, au sini varung ta vuljavuljau i pasanavalj a suaymang(率芒) pana, tazua djiday piniliqe a akaw matja drusa a kadjunangan, i pasaviri a suaymang pana avan nu vungsan guan, i pasanavalj a suaymang pana avan nu hencun(恆春) guan, au qivu ta taiwanvu(台灣府)(ka lemindjelj ta taiwansen anga imaza pavalitan qivu ta tainanvu). 

au aza vuljavuljau kadjunangan nua i pasanavalj a akaw, ka 1875 a cavilj kemasi vungsan a kitjuwaya a kanri au lemindjelj ta guan.

=== ripun a djiday ===
tucu pintung hici avan nu tjalja qacavan a hici i akaw, sicuayan a ngadan “阿猴”(zaing: akaw), au katjaisangas a ripun a djiday pavalitan ta “阿緱(zaing:aku)”, kasicuayan na pinpu zuku angata kakaizuanan. lja aicu a kadjunangan imaza i pasakacedas a banpin(半屏) gadu a takaw. avansika ripun a djiday, aza ripun pavalitan “阿緱(zaing:aku)” tua “pintung” aya ngadan.

ka ripun sihu djemadjas taiwan, aza tainanvu(台南府) pavalitan ta tainan king, au izua sicuayan a vuljavuljau kata vungsan aicu a drusa king sipavecik patainanvu sa kanrivi, sa masan ta cyting(支廳) sipavecik patainan king sa kanrivi. ka 1896 a cavilj, aicu  drusa cyting piqen sa kisuvek masan ta vungsan guan, sa sualapen cyting, lemindjelj kakudan a gimeng. imaza i alikang(阿里港)(kata takaw minung), akaw, wandan, neypu, dungpu, vangliaw, vuljavuljau. ka 1898 a cavilj, sa sualapen vungsan guan, au aicu a kakudan a gimeng qepuing ta sepatj a kakudan a gimeng i akaw(kata takaw minung), tjiusiu, dungkang kata vuljavuljau, sipavecik patainan king sa kanrivi. ka 1900 a cavilj, tucu takaw minung kemasi akaw a kakudan a gimeng pavalitan sipavecik pa vansuljaw(蕃薯寮) a kakudan a gimeng. sualapen cawzu a kakudan a gimeng, saka amin akaw kata dungkang a kakudan a gimeng. ka 1901 a cavilj gugac, vuljavuljau a kakudan a gimeng piqen sa kisuvek masan vuljavuljau ting(廳), au lemindjelj vuljavuljau, vangsan(枋山) kata wensay(蚊蟀) aicu tjelu a cucansu(出張所). au mamaw a cavilj ziuicigac, aza akaw kata dungkang aicu drusa kakudan a gimeng qepuing masan ta akaw ting. sa lemindjelj alikang, neypu, wandan, dungkang, cawzuzuang kata vangliaw cyting. au sualapen neypu kata wandan cyting. mayanga aza tjelu a cucansu i vuljavuljau ting pavalitan ta cyting (vuljavuljau cucansu sipavecik pavuljavuljau ting sa kanrivi, inika lemindjelj ta cyting). ka 1903 a cavilj, akawting pavalitan ta akuting. ka 1909 a cavilj, aicu akuting qepuing kata vuljavuljau ting, vansuljaw ting, au izua tapuluq cyting.

ka 1920 a cavilj, akuting kata tainanting a akungdin(阿公店), vungsan, takaw, nanzeken(楠仔坑) aicu sepatj a cyting qepuing masan ta takawzu(高雄州), lemindjelj akaw, tjiusiu, dungkang kata vuljavuljau aicu sepatj a djin(郡) i tucu akaw a kadjunangan(katjaisangas kata takaw ljukuy, tawyuan, mawlin, katjaivililj pakilingdjelem tua cysandjin), ka 1933 a cavilj, ini amin aicu sepatj a djin, aza pintungdje(屏東街) sipavecik pa pintung djin sa kanrivi, saka pavalitan ta pintung hici.     

=== minku sihu a djiday ===
ka 1945 a cavilj, tjuka minku sihu djemadjas i taihuku. aza sepatj djin(郡) pavalitan ta cy(區) sedjelj a i takaw king. au aza pintung hici pavalitan ta sensiasi(省轄市), ka 1946 a cavilj, aza wandan(萬丹), cangsin(長興) kata djukuai(九塊) guan sipavecik papintung hici sa kanrivi. ka 1949 a cavilj sangac, aza takaw na kacalisian a guan piqen sa kisuvek, lemindjelj ta kawvung(高峰) kata siungvung(雄峰), sa pa aicu drusa guan sa kanrivi. ka 1950 a cavilj, aza tjaisangas ta tjelu guan i pintung hici, tjelu guan i takaw pintungcy, ita cen kata unem guan i cawzucy(潮州區), ita cen kata sepatj guan i dungkangcy, ita cen kata drusa guan i vuljavuljau, izuanan aza vuday, makazayazaya kata timur i siungvungcy, lima guan i kawvungcy, qepuing au lemindjelj ta pintungking (akaw king), sa sualapen siansiaci(縣轄區), saka izua tjelu puluq a guan. ka 1951 a cavilj, tjaisangas pintung hici sedjelj a sen sa kanri au ljateku ta sedjelj a akaw king sa kanri, masan ta pintung king siansiasi(縣轄市), au aza linbien guan piliqen sa lemindjelj tua zuma a nanzu(南州) guan. ka 1955 a cavilj, cangze(長治) guan piliqen sa lemindjelj tua zuma a linlu(麟洛) guan.

== kadjunangan ==
izua tu 2775.6003km² a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan. aza i tjaljakacedas mavan a gadugadu i wutay(霧台) guan, aza a i tjaikaledep mavan a liucyuyi(琉球嶼) a kaledep, au a i tjainavalj mavan anga i vuljavuljau cisinyen(七星岩) a navalj, a i viri avan zua i kawsu guan djuljaw(舊寮) a viri. a i kacedas mavan anga a ljaviljaving a gadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan kata valangaw, a i tjaikacedas mavan a taipingyan (ljavek a viliping), a i tjaikaledep mavan a taiwan ljavek(ljavek a navalj), aicu drusa a ljavek sinan tineveljan a kadjunangan pakata eluanbi(鵝鑾鼻) a navalj, a i tjainavalj mavan a base(巴士) ljavek, i viri nakidjekec tua kawpin(高屏) pana a tjayquvulj kata takaw.

aza pasakaledep a kadjunangan i akaw mavan a kazatjan aza akaw lizulizuk aya, mirazek ta nugiu kata ciqaw a sengsengan, aza caucau qepuing ta imaza. aza pasakacedas a lizuk a kadjunangan avan nu tjaqacavan a gadugadu kata gadu, sedjelj navalj a gadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan. au aza viri a kavulungan paselaw a ljavavavan nua gadu kimaya itua tjelu kuzulj a maru tadjekuacan, mavan a navalj a gadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan. au avan za tjaljavavavan a kadjunangan i king. nasepaiwan zuku a kagaduan tauta. tjaljiazua ljateku pasanavalj, au mata i vuljavuljau a kadjunangan.

== kalevelevan ==
aza penuljat a kadjunangan imaza i pasanavalj a peihuikuisiyen. ini amin a gadugadu, aza kadjunangan tjara sedjelj ta a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledev. ika qaca maretimaljimalji a sezaman. kemasi sangac mata ziuicigac mavan a semezam, kemasi ziunigac mata tjaivililj a cavilj a sangac mavan a semeljec. 

matjeveng kata liaw a qudjalj i kaljazalangzangan, sumalji aza i ljaqedi ta kulaljuc guan a sivalian, izua tjaliavan a qudjalj i kaljazalangzangan i taiwan, masanmusalj avan ca i pasakaledep a vuljavuljau a kadjunangan. 30-33℃ a tjaljaqacavan a sezaman, 24-26℃ a tjaljakedrian a sezaman, tjametad i kaljavuceleljan, 24-27℃ a tjaljaqacavan a sezaman, 16-19℃ a tjaljakedrian a sezaman. ika makuda aravac a kinaizuanan, ljateku tjaliaw tu 3-4℃ a ljemita qadaw papamaw a sezaman, nu maqadaw masa ljavavaw 28-30℃ a sezaman.

aza vuljavuljau a kadjunangan lja izua ljavek a vali pasamaza, ini qaca ta sezaman nu i kaljazalangzangan maqadaw, au ini teku ta sezaman nu i kaljavuceleljan aicu pinakisumalji “sepatj a sikapavalitan matu kaljevuvuan” a kalevelevan. nu i kaljazalangzangan maqadaw tu tjateku 2-3℃ pakata akaw zuma a kadjunangan. nu i kaljavuceleljan salilim tjavavaw ta 2-3℃ pakata akaw zuma a kadjunangan. nu izua tjaljaljeqel a kalevelevan pasanavalj, izua tjavavavan tu 5℃ a sezaman kata pasaviri a vangljaw.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;14&quot; |vangljaw(枋寮) gukusiu pakata kalevelevan penapamapamaw a ziriu
|-
|qiljas
|icigac
|nigac
|sangac
|sigac
|gugac
|lukugac
|sicigac
|hacigac
|kugac
|ziugac
|ziuicigac
|ziunigac
|itacavilj
|-
|a tjaljaqacavan a sezaman ℃(℉)
|25.3

(77.5)
|26.1

(79)
|28.2

(82.8)
|30.4

(86.7)
|32.1

(89.8)
|32.9

(91.2)
|33.5

(92.3)
|33.2

(91.8)
|32.7

(90.9)
|31.3

(88.3)
|29.2

(84.6)
|26.4

(79.5)
|30.11

(86.2)
|-
|a ljemita qadaw papamaw a sezaman ℃(℉)
|19.7

(67.5)
|20.7

(69.3)
|23.0

(73.4)
|25.9

(78.6)
|28.1

(82.6)
|29.0

(84.2)
|29.6

(85.3)
|29.3

(84.7)
|28.8

(83.8)
|27.2

(81)
|24.4

(75.9)
|21.0

(69.8)
|25.56

(78.01)
|-
|a tjaljakedrian a sezaman ℃(℉)
|15.0

(59)
|16.0

(60.8)
|18.5

(65.3)
|21.9

(71.4)
|24.5

(76.1)
|25.8

(78.4)
|26.3

(79.3)
|26.0

(78.8)
|25.4

(77.7)
|23.7

(74.7)
|20.4

(68.7)
|16.6

(61.9)
|21.68

(71.01)
|-
| colspan=&quot;14&quot; |aicu ziriu pavavaw kemasi cungyancisiyangcy
|}
[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Pingtung County.svg|thumb|Qadav]]

==zukuan==
ka 1926 a cavilj aza ziriu pakata semupu ta caucau a penuljat, izua 148,500 a caucau nasevudjan, 63,700 a caucau nasekuangdung. (ka cinting a djiday kata min a djiday pakata kinapangaljan a paljavak izua vudjansen kata kuangdungsen). imaza tjatjuruvuan a pairang, sedjelj a pairang, saka izua tauta 23% a ngaingai zuku, au kimaya izua 8.4% pakata ciyukuk zuku. aza pairang izua kemasi chunzu(泉州), zangzu(漳州), izuanan ta nasetaiwan a tjiusiu caucau. izua hulawke(福佬客) i vuljavuljau a kadjunangan kata gawsu(高樹) guan. aza caucau kemasi kuangdung patjemaza, sedjelj a caucau i djainzu(嘉應), izua tu 90% pakata penuljat a haka zuku imaza. au izua caucau kemasi huyzu(惠州) kata tjiusiu patje i tawyuan(桃園), sinzu(新竹) kata miawli(苗栗). 

aza kacalisian kimaya izua 7.4% pakata penuljat a caucau i akaw, sedjelj paiwan zuku kata drekai zuku. mata 2020 a cavilj pitju qiljas, paiwan zuku kimaya izua 6.03% au drekai zuku kimaya izua 0.75%, avan angata tjatjuruvuan masansitjelulj a kacalisian pakata king i taiwan. tja kedri ta i valangaw katua kalingu. au pakata pinpu zuku imaza, sedjelj a makadaw zuku, mata 2017 a cavilj kugac 25 a qadaw, kipavecik ta 1803 a caucau, au izua 205 mareka caucau avan ta zuma pinpu zuku, kimaya izua 0.24% pakata penuljat a caucau nua king. masa tjuruvuan ta kudraw a caucau pakata makadaw zuku.   
*[[kacalisian]]: aicu a [[kacalisian]] na sepaljavak tua i Vutai, Santi, [[Macia]], Kulaluc, Laiyi, Seze, Mutan katua Cunze [[gu]] a qinaljan nua [[Paiwan|Vuculj]], [[Paiwan|Ravalj]] katua [[Rekai]].
*[[Hanzuku i Taiwan]]

=== kai ===
pakata kiniljvaran a kai i akaw, aza kai a pinaiwanan paqaqarut i timur, makazayazaya, neypu(內埔), kulaljuc, rai, kasugagu, sisigu, sinvaudjan kata vangecul, au aza kai a rinekaian paqaqarut i vuday, aza nginaingayngan paqaqarut i kawsu(高樹), cangze(長治), linlu(麟洛), zutien(竹田), wanluan(萬巒), sinpi(新埤) kata tjadung(佳冬). au aza pinairangan sinan pazangal i zuma a qinaljan kata pintung hici.  

== caucau ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
| +:metjeruvu
-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1960
|unem puluq sa sepatj a kudrav sa lima kuzulj sa sepatj a caucau (645,400 a caucau)
|—    
|-
|1966
|pitju puluq sa unem a kudrav sa itaiday sa ita a caucau (760,101 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+17.8%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1970
|alu puluq sa drusa a kudrav sa alu kuzulj sa pitju taiday sa unem puluq sa ita a caucau (828,761 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+9.0%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1975
|alu puluq sa lima a kudrav sa pitju kuzulj sa alu puluq sa siva a caucau  (857,089 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+3.4%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1980
|alu puluq sa alu a kudrav sa alu kuzulj sa drusaiday sa pitju puluq a caucau (888,270 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+3.6%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1985
|siva puluq a kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa alu puluq sa ita a caucau (901,981 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+1.5%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1990
|alu puluq sa siva a kudrav sa tjelu a kuzulj sa drusaiday sa alu puluq sa drusa a caucau (893,282 a caucau)
|−1.0%
|-
|1995
|siva puluq sa ita a kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa alu taiday sa sepatj puluq sa tjelu a caucau (911,843 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+2.1%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2000
|siva puluq a kudrav sa pitju kuzulj sa lima taiday sa siva puluq a caucau (907,590 a caucau)
|−0.5%
|-
|2005
|alu puluq sa siva a kudrav sa tjelu kuzulj sa lima taiday sa sepatj puluq sa sepatj a caucau (893,544 a caucau)
|−1.5%
|-
|2010
|alu puluq sa pitju a kudrav sa tjelu kuzulj sa lima taiday sa siva a caucau (873,509 a caucau)
|−2.2%
|-
|2015
|alu puluq sa sepatj a kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa drusaiday sa lima puluq sa tjelu a caucau (841,253 a caucau)
|−3.7%
|-
|2020
|alu puluq sa ita a kudrav sa drusa kuzulj sa unem taiday sa lima puluq sa alu a caucau (812,658 a caucau)
|−3.4%
|}

== sinkiw ==

== sengsengan ==

==paljavakan==
matja 21a [[gu]] kata 3 a [[zen]] i Qakaw king tucu. 

*[[zen (Taiwan)]] (3)：[[Cauzu zen]]、[[Tungkang zen]]、[[Langkiaw zen]]
*[[na pairang a gu]] (21) ：[[Uantan gu]]、[[Kantin gu]]、[[Singyan gu]]、[[Linpian gu]]、[[Nanzue gu]]、[[Lieciu gu]]、[[Hangliaw gu]]、[[Hangsan gu]]、[[Cecen gu]]、[[Manzue gu]]、[[Kausu gu]]、[[Tjieru gu]]、[[Yinpu gu]]、[[Likang gu]]、[[Neipu gu]]、[[Zutian gu]]、[[Cangze gu]]、[[Linlue gu]]、[[Uanruan gu]]、[[Sinpi gu]]、[[Ciatung gu]]

*[[na kacalisian a gu]](8)：[[Vudai|Vudai gu]]、[[Macia|Macia gu]]、[[Taiwu|Taiwu gu]]、[[Laiyi gu]]、[[Cunzi gu]]、[[Sizi gu]]、[[Mutan gu]]、[[Santi gu]]

==palisian==
*[[Masalut]]

*[[Maljeveq]]

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|daigaku
|-
|na sihu akaw daigaku 
|-
|na sihu akaw keci daigaku 
|-
|kuzing daren(大仁) keci daigaku
|-
|kuzing meyhe(美和) keci daigaku
|-
|cehuy(慈惠) pakata biuing kata kusi a sengsengan a gaku 
|-
|kaucung a gaku
|-
|akaw kaucung a gaku
|-
|na vavayan kaucung a gaku i akaw
|-
|pinbey(屏北) kaucung a gaku
|-
|tjiusiu kaucung a gaku
|-
|na sihu akaw tatuluan ta pakata kuba a sengsengan a gaku
|-
|na sihu dungkang(東港) tatuluan ta pakata ljevek kata paciqaw a sengsengan a gaku
|-
|na sihu vuljavuljau tatuluan ta pakata kuba kata pavelid a sengsengan a gaku
|-
|na sihu neypu(內埔) tatuluan ta pakata nugiu kata kuba a sengsengan a gaku
|-
|na sihu tjadung(佳冬) tatuluan ta pakata nugiu a sengsengan a gaku
|-
|dungkang(東港) kaucung a gaku
|-
|laiyi(來義) kaucung a gaku
|-
|datung(大同) kaucung a gaku  
|-
|vangljaw kaucung a gaku
|}

== kakipucemelan ==
衛生福利部屏東醫院 kakipucemelan a akaw nua wyvupu

國軍高雄總醫院屏東分院 kakipucemelan a akaw nua takaw a sivitai a kuga 

高雄榮民總醫院屏東分院 kakipucemelan a akaw nua takaw rungmin biuing 

== undu ==

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''kisiya a djalan'''
|-
|taiwan kisiya kanricy  
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i akaw
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i pasa navalj
|-
|disiaba i vangljaw
|-
|disiaba i akaw
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''kunglu'''
|-
|tjaljavavavan na djalan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TWHW3.svg|23px]] masansitjelulj a tjaljavavavan na djalan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TWHW10.svg|23px]] masansimuluq a tjaljavavavan na djalan
|-
|djaljavan a sengkunglu 
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW88.svg|23px]] masansika alumuluq sa alu a sengkunglu
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''sengkunglu'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW1.svg|23px]] sangasangasan a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW3.svg|23px]] masansitjelulj a djalan i taiwan 
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW9.svg|23px]] masansivalj a djalan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW9e.svg|23px]] masansivalj a wu (戊) a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW17.svg|23px]] masansimuluq sa pitju a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW22.svg|23px]] masansika drusamuluq sa drusa a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW24.svg|23px]] masansika drusamuluq sa sepatj a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW26.svg|23px]] masansika drusapuluq sa unem a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW27.svg|23px]] masansika drusapuluq sa pitju a djalanan i taiwan
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''naking a vinaciqan ta djalan'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_CHW185.svg|23px]] itaiday alu puluq sa lima a vinaciqan 
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_CHW187.svg|23px]] itaiday alu puluq sa pitju a vinaciqan 
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_CHW189.svg|23px]] itaiday alu puluq sa siva a vinaciqan 
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_CHW199.svg|23px]] itaiday sivapuluq sa siva a vinaciqan 
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_CHW200.svg|23px]] drusaiday a vinaciqan 
|-
|'''drusaiday a vinaciqan'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_CHW181.svg|23px]] itaiday alu puluq sa ita a vinaciqan nua hici 
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_CHW188.svg|23px]] itaiday alu puluq sa alu a vinaciqan nua hici 
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''[[Basu|basu]]'''
|-
|basu a ku kang
|-
|basu a dunglian
|-
|basu a akaw
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''hikugiu'''
|-
|vuljavuljau hikugiu
|}

==rupungad a caucau==
;lipuing
*[[Uliw Qaljupayare]]

*[[Cia-Cuan Su]]

*[[Yi-Yin Ciu]]

*[[Sue-Yi Chen]]

;bunka
*[[Umass Zengrur]]

*[[Djanav Zengrur]]

*[[Ta Chen]]

*[[Masegseg Gadu]]

;cungtung
*[[Tjuku Tsai]]

== kakivangvangan ==

== racev ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|琉璃珠
|[[qata]]
|-
|陶壺
|[[djilung]]
|-
|金鑽鳳梨
|panguralj
|-
|蓬萊米
|penglay paday
|-
|台灣藜
|[[djulis]]
|-
|愛文芒果
|[[manges]]
|-
|牛蒡
|[[niubang]]
|-
|苦瓜
|[[kawkuy]]
|-
|小黃瓜
|
|-
|檸檬
|[[ningbung]]
|-
|香蕉
|[[veljevelj]]
|-
|蓮霧
|[[tjipus]]
|-
|蜜棗
|[[mizaw]]
|-
|木瓜
|mukuy/muka
|-
|火龍果
|qudjidjilj a vinangalj
|-
|文心蘭
|
|-
|白玫瑰
|vuteqiteqi a bara vuciyar
|-
|紅豆
|[[azuki]]
|-
|洋蔥
|tama nigi
|-
|椰子
|[[yasi]]]
|-
|萬巒豬腳
|wanluan kulakula a riri 
|-
|黑鮪魚
|makaljavek a qecengecengel a ciqaw 
|-
|櫻花蝦
|sakula quzang
|-
|石斑魚
|[[sebanyu]]
|-
|可可
|[[keke]]
|-
|麻油
|[[mayu]]
|}
&lt;gallery&gt;
台灣原住民，燒、烤，陶壺，青銅刀，琉璃珠.jpg|djilung kata qata
2021 pineapples from Pingtung, Taiwan.jpg|panguralj
紅藜.jpeg|djulis
Mango and cross section edit.jpg|manges
Lemon.jpg|ningbung
Banban Tikha.jpg|wanluan kulakula a riri
臺灣的多汁椰子 - panoramio.jpg|yasi
木瓜 - panoramio.jpg|mukuy/muka
Wax apple1.jpg|tjipus
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== mareqali i gaikuku ==
{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
!sazazatj!!kuga!!senhun!!hici!!zikang
|-
! rowspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; |1
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of USA.svg|25px]][[Amirika]]||align=center|[[Hawaii]]||align=center|[[Maui (Hawaii)]]||align=center|1983.12.12
|-
|align=center|Colorado||align=center|Jefferson||align=center|1989.11.01
|-
|Texas
|Fort Bend
|2015.04.23
|-
! align=&quot;center&quot; |2
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Vanuatu.svg|25px]][[Vanuatu]]||[[Sanma]]|| ||1995.04.13
|-
!3
|Marshal
|
|mili huandjiaw(米利環礁)
|2019.07.18
|}</text>
      <sha1>kt6ovnjd0uht1hpxjmbog8plzyup15t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ren’ai</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>77</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10852</id>
      <parentid>10740</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T12:46:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.230.38|79.163.230.38]]（[[User talk:79.163.230.38|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:CommonsDelinker|CommonsDelinker]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>10503</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="8250" sha1="f71li1u4srqc8lug8lwilwrghxcp4az" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;  align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''Ren’ai''' 
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:台14仁愛鄉.jpg|thumb|center|ren’ai gu]]
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|[[lamtau king]] (nantou county)
|-
|san kilalaing ta caucau na gu
|王源鍾
|-
|kadjunangan
|1,273.5312 km2
|-
|caucau
|15,795
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Yìnoi - Jînài - (Ren'ai, Nantou County).svg|thumb|center|inuan a Ren'ai gu i lamtau king]] 
|-
|}

Ren’ai（仁愛鄉）

Ren’ai gu icuwa i Nantou. ala atjunangn mapuljat 1,219.39&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang  909.39&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 201.17&amp;nbsp;km². ala caucau mapuljat 14,966 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 4,643 a daceneqlan, Tayal, Seediq, [[Bunun]] (84%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

ka cuaicuayanga ka pinaljavakan a ren’ai imaza nia sihu na [[Dripun|dripun]], sepaljavak aza qinaljan kata kadjunangan a ''能高郡'' na tjaivavav a pangaljan a tâi-tiong-tsiu (ayain a たいちゅうしゅう na drinipuanan).

nu vaikanga a caucau sedripun, mavan a pinapungadan a “ren’ai” taza qinaljan kata kadjunangan imaza na sihu seciukuk tucu. saka izuanga gukusiu a ren’sai i musha (qinaljan nia seediq) tucu.

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 16 qinaljan i Ren’ai. matja 24 qinaljan imaza, Alang sasi（親愛部落）, Alang tongan（眉溪部落）, Alang pulan（松林部落）, Alang snuwing（史努櫻部落）, Alang bwarung（廬山部落）, Alang toda（平靜部落）, Masitoban（瑞岩部落）, Knaziy（紅香部落）, Bukai（武界部落）, Malepa（新望洋部落）, Alang sadu（沙都部落）, Alang busi（卜溪部落）, Alang truwan（德魯灣部落）, Qatu（卡度部落）, Alang nakahara（中原部落）, Alang gluban（清流部落）, Qalang kobah（慈峰部落）, Qalang bayi（梅村部落）, Alang marosan（萬大部落）, Qalang mb’ala（眉原部落）, Alang paran（巴蘭部落）, Alang ruku daya（平和部落）, Sima-un（萬豐部落）, Qalang bubun（翠巒部落）.

==kasicuayan==
cuaicuayanga a kacavilj a 1930 imaza i ren’ai, na kiqecevan a caucau a seediq ta caucau se dripun, sa namalapai tua seediq a kikarivuan cu a mkuni paran ayain. paran aicu a kangadan ta ren'ai imaza.

[[sineqetj a vecik:View_of_Musha.JPG|thumb|left|200px|pinaljavakan a paran nia dripun]]

neka pacugan na &quot;ren'ai&quot; ta caucau imaza, manasika kilailaing a guciu i 卓文華 ta taqaljaqaljan imaza itu pasemalav ta sihu kacavilj a 2002. puzangal tiamdju a cempeliv ta tja pinapungadan na qinaljan, na kadjunangan: paran aicu. mavan a ngadan aicu a sikeljakeljang nia tja kakedriyan tua anemanema a tja tjaucikel na qinaljan, tau anemanema a tja milimilingan na kadjunangan.

==kadjunangan==
i pasakaledep tua [[Xiulin|bsuring(xiulin)]] a ren’ai gu. i pasakacedas tua [[Yuchi|qabizay(yuchi gu)]] a ren’ai gu. i pasanavalj tua [[Heping|pasing(heping)]] na taichung a ren’ai gu. i pasaviri tua [[Xinyi|nehunpu-siang(xinyi gu)]] a ren’ai gu.

==caucau==
metjuruvu a caucau imaza i ren'ai gu tucu.

===nu qiljas a 12 na kacavilj a 2019 a vinecikan ta sasupuan se gukusiu i ren'ai gu===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; 
! qinaljan !! ling(鄰)!! kadjunangan&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;（km²）&lt;/small&gt; !! caucau 
! zuku
|-align=center
|力行村||7||align=right|42.57||631
|[[atayal]]
|-align=center
|大同村||20||align=right| 76.53||1,959
|[[seediq]]
|-align=center
|中正村||11||align=right| 51.83||1,225
|[[bunun]]
|-align=center
|互助村||22||align=right|39.36||1,411
|seediq（tgdaya）
|-align=center
|合作村||9||align=right|67.00||801
|seediq（truku）
|-align=center
|法治村||10||align=right|91.69||1,099
|bunun
|-align=center
|南豐村||16||align=right|42.32||1,517
|seediq
|-align=center
|春陽村||10||align=right|21.33||1,255
|seediq（toda）
|-align=center
|都達村||9||align=right| 30.00 ||805
|seediq（toda）
|-align=center
|發祥村||12||align=right|89.19||943
|atayal
|-align=center
|新生村||6||align=right|211.23||471
|atayal
|-align=center
|萬豐村||10||align=right|53.83||850
|bunun
|-align=center
|榮興村||8||align=right|40.74||51
|caucau se ciukuk
|-align=center
|精英村||8||align=right|62.51||860
|seediq（truku）
|-align=center
|翠華村||16||align=right| 37.92||589
|atayal
|-align=center
|親愛村||21||align=right|255.30||1,438
|atayal kata seediq
|-align=center
!'''仁愛鄉'''||195||align=right|1,273.5312||15,905
| 
|}

===maljian a penuljat ta caucau imaza i ren’ai gu(kemasi kacavilj a 1981 a patje kacavilj a 2020)===

{| class=wikitable style=&quot;text-align:center; font-size:90%&quot;
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1981
!kacavilj a 1982
!kacavilj a 1983
!kacavilj a 1984
!kacavilj a 1985
!kacavilj a 1986
!kacavilj a 1987
!kacavilj a 1988
!kacavilj a 1989
!kacavilj a 1990
|-
!caucau
|15,526
|15,478
|15,317
|15,182
|15,037
|14,841
|14,674
|14,475
|'''14,365'''
|14,513
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1991
!kacavilj a 1992
!kacavilj a 1993
!kacavilj a 1994
!kacavilj a 1995
!kacavilj a 1996
!kacavilj a 1997
!kacavilj a 1998
!kacavilj a 1999
!kacavilj a 2000
|-
!caucau
|14,758
|14,896
|15,215
|15,288
|15,352
|14,982
|15,403
|15,358
|15,372
|15,294
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2001
!kacavilj a 2002
!kacavilj a 2003
!kacavilj a 2004
!kacavilj a 2005
!kacavilj a 2006
!kacavilj a 2007
!kacavilj a 2008
!kacavilj a 2009
!kacavilj a 2010
|-
!caucau
|15,485
|15,512
|15,532
|15,478
|15,572
|15,505
|15,454
|15,451
|15,650
|15,661
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2011
!kacavilj a 2012
!kacavilj a 2013
!kacavilj a 2014
!kacavilj a 2015
!kacavilj a 2016
!kacavilj a 2017
!kacavilj a 2018
!kacavilj a 2019
!kacavilj a 2020
|-
!caucau
|15,595
|15,585
|15,739
|15,850
|15,771
|15,709
|15,748
|'''15,969'''
|15,905
|15,818
|-
|}

==papupaysu==

===tataleman===

==tatuluan==
izua tapuluq saka unem a kedrikedri a gakku imaza i ren’ai gu. neka daigakku imaza.

== kakipucemelan ==

==iyubingkiuku (yuzeng)==

===sasupuan na iyubingkiuku===
546 a sasupuan na iyubingkiku se ren’ai gu.

==remayurangan==
===musha===
malalaing ti mona rudo se mahebo, se tgdaya ta caucau a seediq tu kiqecev ta caucau se dripun. namasan kakipaqenetjan a patjemiling taicu a musha imaza a kapacugan nia tja sevalitan.
===rngayan qmita kana klwaan truku===

==sipacacikeljan==

===palidring a djalan===
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW8.svg|省道|23px]] sikamasanvalulj a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW14.svg|省道|23px]] sikamasansimuluq saka sepatj a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW14a.svg|省道|23px]] sikamasansimuluq saka sepatj-A a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt69.png|30px]] sikamasan 69 a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt71.png|30px]] sikamasan 71 a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt80.png|30px]] sikamasan 80 a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt83.png|30px]] sikamasan 83 a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt85.png|30px]] sikamasan 85 a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt87.png|30px]] sikamasan 87 a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt89.png|30px]] sikamasan 89 a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
===basu===
====basu nua kalinku====
====basu nua lamtaw====

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;90%&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;
|-bgcolor=&quot;#EAEAEA&quot;
!sasusuan nua basu
!sinipacacikelan
!zumanga
|-
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;'''2'''&lt;/span&gt;
|清境農場國民賓館－青青草原
|amin a sipacacikel i lanak a lamtaw&lt;br&gt;平日停駛
|-
|6658
|埔里－翠峰
|台灣好行清境線
|-
|6658A
|清境農場－合歡山
|可網路或電話預約，最晚須於出發前一天中午12:00前完成
|-
|6659
|埔里－翠峰
|台灣好行清境線
|-
|6660
|埔里－廬山
|
|-
|6660A
|埔里－廬山（延駛靜觀）
|
|-
|6661
|埔里－廬山溫泉
|
|-
|6662
|埔里－奧萬大森林遊樂區
|
|-
|6663
|埔里－萬大
|
|-
|6664
|埔里－清境農場
|台灣好行清境線
|}

==djamay==

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>f71li1u4srqc8lug8lwilwrghxcp4az</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ruisui</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>78</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12272</id>
      <parentid>12271</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T04:43:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>12272</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="19011" sha1="cfkr0e4ov6d4kb86qejhtqpqftk2vka" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''lisuy guan'''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|[[sineqetj a vecik:Group of people rafting on the Xiuguluan River near Qimei.jpg|230px]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Ruisui HL.svg|thumb|center|lisuy imaza (qudjidji a pinakeljang)]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|kalingu king
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|suywi(水尾) 
|-
|sepaljavak
|puluq sa ita a mula, itaiday sa pitju puluq sa ita a talingan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
|
-陳進光(pacun ta guciu na lisuy) 

-naselisuy a gukusiu

-daihiyukay na lisuy

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan 
|135.5862 km²
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|drusaiday sa sepatj puluq sa pitju a maru vavavan tadjekuacan (247m) 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na caucau-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-ita kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa drusaiday sa pitju puluq sa unem a caucau (11,276)(2021 a cavilj sepatj a qiljas)

-masansivalulj (8)

-sepatj kuzulj sa pitju taiday sa alu puluq sa siva a  paljingan (4,789)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|978
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10015090
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|kuangvu,wanrung, zusi, yuli, vungbin
|}

lisuy guan (’inamizukuan：Kohkoh；sinacilayagan: Kuhkuh；nginaingayngan：Sṳ̀n-kûng-chṳ́n) imaza i vecekadan a navalj tua kalingu king, i viri nakidjekec tua kuangvu, a i kaledep nakidjekec tua i wangrung kata zusi, a i kacedas nakidjekec tua vungbin, a i navalj kicaing tua i [[Yuli|yuli]], izua avan za vecekadan nua i pasanavalj a kalingu king, izua peihuikuisiyen pakamaza. sedjelj a pairang, haka kata kacalisian. au tjuruvuan ta amizuku, izuanan ca sakiraya zuku i maliyun(馬立雲) a qinaljan. 

a kai ’inamizukuan kata nginaingayngan.

lisuy guan ka sicuayan a qivu “suywi” (nginaingayngan：shuiˊmuiˋ ), tjaljavililjan ta siukuluan a pana a imi, au lja za ripun qivu ta “mizuo”, aicu a zaing matu ta “mizuho”(lisuy). izua tu 135 km² a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan. izua tu ita kudrav sa ita kuzulj a caucau, au avan ca kiqaljudj tua varukur i siukuluan a pana saka masan tjalja pungadan.

pakata racev sipungadan ta tienhe(天鶴) ucia (qudjidjilj salum alju a ucia) kata buntan(tjalja qacavan a putalem ta kadjunangan). na malingu. aza hungye ungesing kata lisuy ungesing na pasamaza i wanrung, ljakua cadjavan a ceviq madadut lisuy guan, saka izuanan za atalashi a kariari ungesing nua i vuyan kuka pukasikasivan a kivanvangan, aza mareka caucau tjengelay semamaza kivangvang. Izuanan tungyi(統一) a kuba na lemindjelj tua lisuy papagungan a paveli tua miluku kata tjuzuma na kipusengsengan imaza seman siubay, avan nu sike ligu a miluku i lisuy tauta.    

lja izua kiqaljudj tua varukur, ungesing kata ucia aicu babulayan, lisuy guan masan ta tjalja pungadangadan a kadjunangan pakata nugiu pinatevelj ta riuku. 

== kadjunangan ==
lisuy guan i kalingu a sema taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk, izua vecekadan gadugaduan i kaledep, izua ljavek a gadugaduan i pasacemedas, a i navalj izua wuhe na lja vavaw a kadjunangan, i vecekadan avan nu siukuluan a pana kata kakedrian a pana seqaljutj a qipu kata vudas masan lizulizu, aicu kadjunangan avan ca kazatjan, avan nu pazangal a kilamian a kadjunangan. au wuhe na lja vavaw a kadjunangan kata cymei maruqalu tja nanguwaq a calisian. izua ucia, kudamunu aza kinsic a racev.     

== kalevelevan ==
a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledev. pakata cungyancisiyangcy a ziriu patekuteku. aza sezaman mamaw ta cenkung cen, ljakua lisuy imaza i kalingu a sema taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk, tjaljaqacavan ta cenkung pakata a namaretimalji a sezaman i qadaw kata salilim: 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;14&quot; |&lt;big&gt;lisuy（kemasi 1991 a cavilj mata 2020 a cavilj）pakata kalevelevan penapamapamaw ziriu&lt;/big&gt;
|-
|&lt;small&gt;qiljas&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;icigac&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;nigac&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;sangac&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;sigac&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;gugac&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;lukugac&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;sicigac&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;hacigac&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;kugac&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;ziugac&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;ziuicigac&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;ziunigac&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;itacavilj&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|&lt;small&gt;a tjaljaqacavan a sezaman ℃（℉）&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;22.4&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(72.3)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;22.9&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(73.2)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;24.3&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(75.7)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;26.7&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(80.1)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;29.0&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(84.2)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;30.7&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(87.3)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;31.8&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(89.2)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;31.6&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(88.9)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;30.7&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(87.3)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;28.8&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(83.8)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;26.4&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(79.5)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;23.5&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(74.3)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;27.4&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(81.3)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|&lt;small&gt;a ljemita qadaw papamaw a sezaman&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;℃（℉）&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;16.5&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(61.7)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;16.9&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(62.4)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;18.3&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(64.9)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;20.6&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(69.1)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;22.8&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(73)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;24.6&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(76.3)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;25.2&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(77.4)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;25.0&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(77)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;24.2&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(75.6)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;22.6&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(72.7)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;20.4&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(68.7)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;17.8&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(64)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;21.2&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(70.2)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|&lt;small&gt;a sikudjaljan ​mm&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;84.2&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(3.315)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;74.4&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(2.929)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;85.1&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(3.35)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;116.9&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(4.602)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;214.1&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(8.429)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;231.8&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(9.126)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;276.7&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(10.894)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;293.1&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(11.539)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;366.3&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(14.421)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;333.4&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(13.126)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;139.7&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(5.5)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;77.1&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(3.035)&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;2,292.6&lt;/small&gt;

&lt;small&gt;(90.26)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|&lt;small&gt;lemita ta qiljas a sikudjaljan a milingan​（≥ 0.1 mm）&lt;/small&gt;
|16
|16
|17
|&lt;small&gt;16&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;18&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;14&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;19&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;12&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;16&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;16&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;17&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;15&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;184&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|&lt;small&gt;lemita ta qiljas a setjevengan​（％）&lt;/small&gt;
|78
|80
|82
|&lt;small&gt;84&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;86&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;86&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;83&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;83&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;82&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;79&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;78&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;76&lt;/small&gt;
|&lt;small&gt;81&lt;/small&gt;
|}

== cinalivatan ==
kaljasangasangasan izua caucau imaza a sikac, au sicuayan a kakaizuanan, saka inadjuqan ta sawba (’inamizukuan：Satokoay) a qaciljay a sicuayan a kakaizuanan. pakata kinkiuin a kinkiu, aicu a sicuayan a kakaizuanan avan nu atalasi a qaciljay nemanga a djiday, izua tu tjelu kuzulj a cavilj, au pazangal a kakudan avan ta binan bunka kata cilin bunka.  

kacalisian a kakaizuanan, sedjelj amizuku. pakata kemaucikel ta sicuayan a likishi a sirabiru, kasicuayan a qinaljan izua cymei(奇美), muluzang(莫魯漲), lanasan(蘭阿散), adulan(阿多蘭), wuyali(烏鴉立), cysan(青山), wulaw(梧繞) kata tjanana(加納納).    

ka 1812 a cavilj, izuanga ta pairang patje i djian guan a qemuma a vecik. ka 1825 a cavilj kata 1851 a cavilj sezuljuzulju ta pairang patje i zuvung guan zesie(志學) mula, hualien hici vungcuan(豐川) aza kuyu(國裕), kuciang(國強) kata kucing(國慶) li aza tineveljan a kadjunangan) a qemuma, ka 1853 a cavilj, izua zuma mapulju a pairang patje i puseke(tucu yuli cen kerencen) a qemuma. lja mata 1874 a cavilj, izua makaqeci kata ljukiu(琉球) a sikataqalljan a rikishi, neka a vecik pakata pairang semamaza i yuli a kadjunangan.    

pitjaivililjanga ka puaming a mutan a maqaqeci, aza citing sihu sa pazangal kanri ta pasakacedasan, avan za kamakama ti沈葆楨 a mangetjez sema taiwan djemadjas sa kanri. djemulung tua “qemulic ta kadjunangan semasa ta kacalisian” aicu sivitay kata sikataqaljan a qemuma a kinsic, seman djalan izua viri, vecekadan kata navalj aicu tjelu pasakacedas a djalan. ka 1875 a cavilj ita qiljas, ti kamakama wukuangljang(吳光亮) nua vecekadan a djalan a taiwan cen patagilj seman djalan. kemasi lincipu(林杞埔) a qinaljan pasa dasuyku(大水窟) kata kentu(坑頭) patje i puseke. au mumalj pasaviri a seman djalan patje i suywi. aicu avan nu tjaisangas a likisi pakata pairang patagilj qemuma imaza. au ka vililjan aza na qemuma a sivitay taqaljaqaljan masasa imaza, masan na pairang a qinaljan.      

ka citing a djiday, i tua drusa puluq a cavilj, lja aza sipuvarung a “qemulic ta kadjunangan semasa ta kacalisian” puliaw kilivu a kacalisian imaza. ka 1877 a cavilj izua cymi qinaljan(奇密社) a livulivu, ka 1878 a cavilj izua tjaliwan(加禮宛) a livulivu kata ka 1888 a cavilj izua dazuang(大庄) livulivu, sedjelja seman djalang kata qemuma ta kadjunangan, kikiyam a munday.   

ka ripun a djiday, lja izua tjaliavan ta paday aza racav imaza, sa ripun sihu qivu ta “suywi” kemasi ripun biu nua vecik “vungweiyan a lisuyku(豐葦原之瑞穗國)”, au aza suywi pavalitan ta suywi.    

ka 1930 a cavilj, ti kutiencenadjyang(國田正二將) kemacu ta kafi a pasa i lisuy wuhe na lja vavaw a kadjunangan, sa mapusaladj tjai mayuye(馬有岳).   

ka 1937 a cavilj, pavalitan lemintje ta lisuy zuang(庄), au aza zuangyican(庄役場) i lisuy qinaljan, sipavecik pakalingukangting vunglindjin sa kanrivi. izua dahe(djaliwan, kancensiang, danuncang, alulang a qinaljan), baycuan, lisuy(suywi, djusuywi, damayansandjaw a qinaljan), hekang(wulu, wulali, cinsan a qinaljan), cymey(sicuayan a qivu huzesan), wuhe(hansawbadin, djanana, maliyun) aicu a kadjunangan.   

ka 1945 a cavilj, kapuamin a maqaqeci, aza kumin sihu djemadjas ta i taiwan, ka 1946 a cavilj icigac puluq sa ita qadaw lemindjel tua kalingu kingsihu, pakata sincency izua djin(郡), si(市), dje(街) kata zuang(庄) pavalitan ta cy(區), si(市), cen(鎮), guan(鄉). sa aza lisuy zuang masan ta lisuy guan, sipatevel kalinguking vunglincy, au mumaljem a cineviqe ca kadjunangan, aza dahe pavalitan ta dahe, davung kata danung aicu tjelu a mula, aza baycuan pavalitan ta mayuan, vuyan, vumin kata vusin aicu sepatj a mula, aza lisuy pavalitan ta lisuy, rimei, riljang, risi(risiang), ribei kata hungye aicu unem a mula. izuanan sicuayan a hekang, cymey kata wuhe penuljat a puluq sa unem a mula. mamaw a cavilj sa lima qiljas puluq sa lima a qadaw, aza hungye kata mayuan sipatevelj ta i wanli au lemindjelj ta wanli guan (tucu wanrung guan). ka 1947 a cavilj sangac ita qadaw, aza dahe, davung kata danung sipatevelj sa lemindjelj ta atalashi a kuangvu guan patjeljatucu. mamaw a cavilj ziunigac tjelu puluq sa ita qadaw sualapen ta vunglin cysu(區署), aza lisuy guan pavalitan ta sipavecik pakalingu kingsihu sa kanrivi.          

==paljavak tua kadjunangan==
tucu izua puluq sa ita a mula i lisuy kata puluq sa unem a qinaljan imaza. 

Langas（拉加善部落）, Lacihakan（拉基禾幹部落）, Morocan（牧魯棧部落）, Atolan（阿多瀾部落）, Koyo（溫泉部落）, Ukang（烏槓部落）, Narowan（娜魯灣部落）, Kalala（迦納納部落）, Sapat（掃叭頂部落）, Maifor（馬立雲部落）, Olalip（屋拉力部落）, Fanaw（法淖部落）, Olaw（梧繞部落）, Marorok（馬聚集部落）, Cirocan（鶺櫓棧部落）, Kiwit（奇美部落）.

== caucau ==

====== zuku ======
lisuy guan imaza izua mekedri ta ciuku, zuma a sikataqaljan avan nu setaiwan, sedjelj ta pairang, haka kata kacalisian. pakata ziriu kemasi venecikan na takakudan a umaq, ka 2010 a cavilj puluq sa ita a qiljas, izua 5, 062 a kacalisian, kimaya 35.62％ pakata penuljat a caucau i guan. au za kacalisian i lizulizu izua 4,578, saka zuma a kacalisian i gadu amin ta 484 a caucau.  

pakata zuku, izua tayal zuku,bunun zuku, tairuku zuku, sacilaya zuku kata amizuku aicu sepatj a zuku, au tjaljatjuruvuan ta amizuku, kimaya 94.26％ pakata penuljat a kacalisian i guan. aza bunun zuku masansimusalj, tayal zuku tjaljakedrian, amin tu 1.78％.    
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1981
|ita kudrav sa alu a kuzulj sa unem taiday sa sepatj puluq sa siva a caucau (18,649 a caucau)
|—    
|-
|1986
|ita kudrav sa alu a kuzulj sa sepatj taiday sa sepatj puluq sa siva a caucau (18,449 a caucau)
|−1.1%
|-
|1991
|ita kudrav sa unem a kuzulj sa alu taiday sa siva puluq sa lima a caucau (16,895 a caucau)
|−8.4%
|-
|1996
|ita kudrav sa unem a kuzulj sa itaiday sa sepatj puluq sa drusa a caucau (16,142 a caucau)
|−4.5%
|-
|2001
|ita kudrav sa sepatj a kuzulj sa alu taiday sa lima puluq sa siva a caucau (14,859 a caucau)
|−7.9%
|-
|2006
|ita kudrav sa tjelu kuzulj sa unem taiday sa drusa puluq a caucau (13,620 a caucau)
|−8.3%
|-
|2011
|ita kudrav sa drusa kuzulj sa lima taiday sa alu puluq sa alu a caucau (12,588 a caucau)
|−7.6%
|-
|2016
|ita kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa pitju taiday sa lima puluq sa pitju a caucau (11,757 a caucau)
|−6.6%
|}

== guciu ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|guciu
|-
|sangasangasan 
|劉英成
|-
|sikamasanmusalj kata sikamasantjelulj 
|彭玉祥
|-
|sikamasan simatjelj 
|林俊德
|-
|sikamasan limalj
|薛阿升
|-
|sikamasan nemelj 
|楊朝枝
|-
|sikamasan pitjulj kata sikamasan valulj
|石朝富
|-
|sikamasan sivalj kata sikamasan simuluq
|林傳欽
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka ita kata sikamasan simuluq saka drusa
|許榮盛
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu
|賴義家
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj 
|饒欣奇
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka lima kata sikamasan simuluq saka unem 
|許榮盛
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka pitju kata sikamasan simuluq saka alu
|陳進光
|}

== kinsic ==

====== nugiu kata pagung a sengsengan ======
nugiu sinan pazangal a sengesengan i lisuy guan, izua tu tjelu a kuzulj a kisanqemuma a caucau pakata penuljat a caucau nua guan. au aza kavuavuan imaza izua gisui can, metad can kata calisilisi, avan nu tjaljqacavan a temalem a kadjunangan. lemindjelj ta kaiku, vuday, suika kata kakiqetiman tua tutu a gung a quma. pakata racev izua buntan, tjaves, pangudrai, utja kata katawa.  

izuanga linidjelj ta tjamaku a quma ka ripun a djiday imaza. sedjelj paqaqarut i risiang a mula. ka 1970 a caviljan avan ca tjaljamirazek a djaday a temalem ta tjamaku, tazua  a talem i can avan za tjamaku, au linidjelj ta liaw a umaq sipaveli ta tjamaku. kemasi 1980 a caviljan, lja ljateku a ngidan na tjamaku, sa tjaljiazua mekedrimekedri aza temaletalem ta tjamaku, au pavalit ta zuma talem a racev, sa lemindjelj ta pagugungan au paquzip ta gung. 

pakata wuhe na lja vavaw a kadjunangan imaza izua hungye pana i viri, izua siukuluan a pana i navalj, kasicuayan aza kisanqemuma a caucau temalem ta kafi, paday, kusui, vurasi kata pangudrai. ka 1979 a cavilj aza kamakama a nugiuwuyhuy(農委會) ti licungdaw(李崇道) hakasi paljilji imaza i ucia a kadjunangan. paqayam a temekel kata kemazala ca ucia sa sipungadan “tienhe ucia” sinipapukinim ta cyentienhe(錢天鶴) hakasi aza timadju qinati aicu ucia.   

====== kuba kata siubay ======
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |ziriu a patarevan
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |kinaizua kuba 
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |masengseng a caucau 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |sengesengan
|kuba
|kimaya
|caucau
|kimaya
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |masansimusalj a sengesengan 
|kiqaciljay kata djinumulj a sengsengan 
|8
|1.38%
|53
|3.75%
|-
|manalang a sengsengan
|34
|5.87%
|139
|9.85%
|-
|zaljum, dingki kata gasu a sengsengan 
|─
|0.00%
|26
|1.84%
|-
|seman umaq a sengsengan
|33
|5.70%
|221
|15.65%
|-
|siniveci
|75
|12.95%
|439
|31.09%
|-
|kimaya pakata kinsic a caucau itacavilj 
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; |3.91%
|-
| rowspan=&quot;7&quot; |masansitjelulj a sengesengan 
|ljemitacawanan a sengsengan,  ljemitaitaita a sengsengan kata kakanan a sengsengan
|360
|62.18%
|580
|41.08%
|-
|semakuc a sengsengan kata pakaringraku a sengsengan
|20
|3.45%
|77
|5.45%
|-
|remagingku a sengsengan
|2
|0.35%
|108
|7.65%
|-
|kuba kata siubay
|10
|1.73%
|25
|1.77%
|-
|zuma
|112
|19.34%
|183
|12.96%
|-
|siniveci
|504
|87.05%
|973
|68.91%
|-
|kimaya pakata kinsic a caucau itacavilj 
| colspan=&quot;4&quot; |8.67%
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |a penuljat ta sinusu 
|579
|100.00%
|1.412
|100.00%
|}
aicu kuba kata siubay a ziriu kemasi sincengyen kisansemupu(主計處) ka 2007 a cavilj. 

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''kisiya a djalan'''
|-
|taiwan kisiya kanriki 
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i taitu
|-
|disiaba i lisuy
|-
|disiaba i vuyan
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''kunglu'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW9.svg|23px]] masansivalj a djalan i taiwan
|-
|'''vinaciqan ta djalan'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW193.svg|23px]] itaiday siva puluq sa tjelu a vinaciqan           
|-
|'''vinaciqan ta djalan'''
|-
|kalingu puluq sa unem a vinaciqan           
|-
|kalingu sepatj puluq sa lima a vinaciqan           
|-
|kalingu lima puluq sa lima a ita vinaciqan           
|-
|kalingu lima puluq sa alu a vinaciqan           
|-
|kalingu lima puluq sa siva a vinaciqan           
|-
|kalingu unem puluq a vinaciqan           
|-
|kalingu unem puluq sa ita vinaciqan           
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWhl62.svg|23px]] kalingu unem puluq sa drusa a vinaciqan           
|-
|kalingu unem puluq sa drusa a ita vinaciqan           
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWhl64.svg|23px]] kalingu unem puluq sa sepatj a vinaciqan           
|}

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''basu'''
|-
|basu a kalingu (izua 1122,1135,1137,1142, kata 1143)
|}

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|kucung a gaku    
|-
|gaku na kucung a lisuy
|-
|gaku na kucung a vuyan(富源)
|-
|kukumin a gaku
|-
|gaku na kukumin a lisuy
|-
|gaku na kukumin a ribei(瑞北)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a rimei(瑞美)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a hekang(鶴岡)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a cimei(奇美)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a wuhe(舞鶴)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a vuyan(富源)
|}

== kivangvangan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|秀姑巒溪
|siukuluan a pana (’inamizukuan: Siwkolan a tarawadaw)
|-
|瑞穗牧場
|lisuy pagugungan
|-
|舞鶴台地
|wuhe na lja vavaw a kadjunangan
|-
|富源國家森林遊樂區
|vuyan kuka pukasikasivan a kivanvangan
|-
|北迴歸線標誌
|peihuikuisiyen sitjumalj
|-
|紅葉溫泉
|hungye ungesing
|}
&lt;gallery&gt;
Ruisui Tropic of Cancer Marker 20171230.jpg|peihuikuisiyen sitjumalj
Wuhe Plateau in the middle of the valley.jpg|wuhe na lja vavaw a kadjunangan
Overlooking the Xiuguluan River near Qimei on 7 May 2011.jpg|siukuluan a pana
【瑞穗牧場】原始檔案 (30368630582).jpg|lisuy pagugungan
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>cfkr0e4ov6d4kb86qejhtqpqftk2vka</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Sakizaya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>79</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12173</id>
      <parentid>11746</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-03-16T12:18:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Minorax</username>
        <id>17</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12173</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5083" sha1="qc993k8n3nbejc3xh67xtynpn9df0rt" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CE0000; text-align:center; color: white; font-weight:bold&quot; |sakizaya
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:Patuduay撒奇萊雅族祝禱司.jpg|frameless]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CE0000; color: white; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sasupuan nua kinadriungan
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|qadjav a ma 1,027 a caucau
&lt;small&gt;(vinecik ka 5 a qiljas nua kacaviljan a 2021)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CE0000; color: white; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |kinaizuan
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center| lanak na sakizaya i kalinku
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CE0000; color: white; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | kai
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center| kai a sakizaya
|-
|}

[[sineqetj a vecik:20170117-mibetik_tu_nababalaki-1.jpg|thumb|Sakizaya(2007/01/17)]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:火神祭-火神使者取火.jpg|thumb|palisi a palamal]]

aicu a '''Sakizaya''' zuku nuaya mavan na imaza i [[Taiwan|Taivang]] a [[kacalisian]]. nasepaljavak tjai [[Kalinku king|Kalinku]] king a Sakizaya zuku.

==cinalivatan==
a sakizayazuku, a pinaka ta sakiraya na amizuku, sa pinaka ta sukizaya na kavalanzuku. izua a qinaljan a Cipawkan nua sakizayazuku a pinaka ta Sakizaya, qaw aza qinaljan a Sakol a pinaka ta Sakidaya niamadju.

izuazua a sakizayazuku i kazatjan na 奇萊(kazatjan nua kalingku), sa aza pasalavagan na katjunangan mamau ta tucu a kalingku a lizuk, a sinicuayan a siqaivuan nua kalingku mavanaga a Kiray. inika makeljang aicu a pacugan nua venecikan a “Sakizaya”, amin a kemeljang tua qivu ta ‘insakizayazukan nua azua a cawcau izua. inika mamau a kai tua zuma a qinaljan na amiziku(matu Natawran, Pokpok, Lidaw, Cikasuan), sa inia maljavaljavar tiamadju.

sa pitua kinkiu na李來旺（帝瓦伊‧撒耘）i qinaljan, masan tua tapuluq a qinaljan a sakizayazuku i kazatjan na 奇萊 kasicuayanga. izua a pacugan na ngadan nua aicu a tapuluq a qinaljan:

1.Takobowan：kemasi 慈濟醫院kata idedett a 四維高中

2.Nabakoan:kemasi idedet ta 統帥飯店, a pacugan na sicuayanga a ngadan, avan a quma a tjamaku.　　3.Cipawkan：kemasi idedet ta lizuk a kalingku a德安.

4.Tamasaydan：kemasi花蓮北濱kata南濱二街，a pacugan na sicuayanga a ngadan, avan a ngadan na cemecemel i ljavek.

5.Kenoy：kemasi idedet ta gakku a北昌國小, a pacugan na sicuayanga a ngadan, avan a vangalj a maqati a kakanen.

6.Cibalbaran：kemasi itjaikacedas ta 私立國光商工，a pacugan na sicuayanga a ngadan, avan a ngadan nua cawcau( avan a tjaljacuay ta mavacuk a cawcau imaza.)

7.ibabngan：kemasi美崙工業區, a pacugan na sicuayanga a ngadan,avan a ngadan nua cemecemel (sa maqati a kanen kata saviki.)。

8.Pazik：kemasiidedet ta 花蓮高工kata sihu na kalingku, a pacugan na sicuayanga a ngadan,avan a gadu a sakamaya ta qicaw a 鬼頭刀魚.

9.Cikep：kemasi idedet ta 美崙高爾夫球場, a pacugan na sicuayanga a ngadan,mavan a sekapalak a cinunan a katjunangan imaza.

10.Towapon：kemasi 花蓮港華東社區, a pacugan na sicuayanga a ngadan, mavan a ngadan na cawcau( inika kemeljang tua pacugan).

izuanga a vinecik tazua a sakizayazuku ka 1630 a cavilj, ka pinaljavak ta i tjaivililj kata i pasakacedas a viri ta [[Taiwan|taiwan]] na 西班牙, izua a tjelu a sepaljavak imaza, sa aicu a Saquiraya mavan a tucu a Sakizaya.

ka 荷蘭anan, kemikim tua king i tjaikacedas ta [[Taiwan|taiwan]] a 荷蘭東印度公司, sa uri vaik a sema a sividay ta ljemaveljevekan i tjaikacedas tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. natemevela a Wesslinghtaizua a king i Sakiraga（Sakizay）kata zuma a unem a qinaljan i ljemaveljevekan itjaikacedas tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]].

izua a venecikan nua ciuku, venecivencik a 周鍾瑄 tua筠椰椰社 i 《諸羅縣誌》 ka 1717 a cavilj, mavananga a Sakizaya, sa pakavililj ta 加禮宛事件 ka 1878 a cavilj, qaw papungadan tua qinaljan a “歸化社”. vinecik na 胡傳 ta 《臺東州采訪冊》 ka 1894 a cavilj, izuanga a “歸化社”(mamau ta 南勢番七社), mavanga a Sakizaya.

azua a kinavadavadayan nua sakizayazuku, inika paselaw tua kazatjan nua kalingku, sa pakavililj ta 加禮宛事件, tjuruvu a cawcau a vaik a sema taimaza, kata saljinga ta kidrawdraw tua masengseng kata zinaljuman ka ripunanan, uri pinatjavat na sakizayazuku i kazatjan, sa pataqilj ta pinatjavat ta pacalivat a kazatjan tiamadju. tucu a qinaljan na sakizayazuku, izuanga a Hopo, Pazik, Sakol, Cupo’ , Kasyusyuan, Apalu, Cilakayan, Ciwidian, Kaluluwan kata Maibor.

uri kemikim a sakizayazuku tua kakudan ka 1990 a cavilj, sa izua a “papungadan ta kacalisiyan(正名運動)” ka 2004 a cavilj. qaw maqatianga ka 2007 a cavilj kata icigacu, saka masan tua sikamasansimuluq saka pitju a kacalisiyan nua taiwan.

==kakukakudan==
===palisian a mitway===
==milimilingan==
*panay
*lalimenah

==pacunu uta ==
* [[Taiwan]]
* [[kacalisian]]

[[simple: Sakizaya people]]</text>
      <sha1>qc993k8n3nbejc3xh67xtynpn9df0rt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Samata Sakuma</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>80</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10794</id>
      <parentid>10687</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T12:45:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.230.38|79.163.230.38]]（[[User talk:79.163.230.38|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]]的先前版本</comment>
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      <text bytes="14058" sha1="q1oq5t8ktp5uoubbzdf6axf7hwz4ec5" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |Samata Sakuma
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[sineqetj a vecik:Sakuma Samata.jpg|thumb|Samata Sakuma|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Seal of the Government-General of Taiwan.svg|25px]] sika masan 5 a cuntu

|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Date
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |1906.4.11 - 1915.5.1
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|tjaisangas
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  Kodama Gentarō
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|tjaivililj
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Ando Sadayoshi
|-

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | personal information
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| kangadan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |佐久間 左馬太
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Japan.svg|25px]] [[Dripun]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1844.11.19
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Japan.svg|25px]] Hagi,  [[Dripun]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|minacayan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1915.8.5 (70 a cavilj)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Japan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]],  [[Dripun]]
|-
|}

ti '''Samata''' lja '''Sakuma''' (佐久間 左馬太, 1844.11.19 – 1915.8.5)

tapuluq sa siva a qadaw, sa namacay i 1915 a cavilj a hacigacu kata lima a qadaw), izua a ngadan ti 研海 uta, a kemasi長州藩（tucu a 山口縣）na ripun. avananga a masanlimalj a 總督 nua [[Taiwan|taiwan]] ka ripunanan(kemasi 1906 a cavilj a sigacu kata tapuluq sa ita a qadaw tua 1915 a cavilj a sigacu kata tjelu a puluq a qadaw). namakaqeci tua qinaljan a sinvaudjan ka 中佐anan timadju i 1874 a cavilj, sa masan tua 大將tiamadju ka 1898 a cavilj.

==likisi/cinalitan nimadju==

ka 1844 a cavilj a ziuicigacu kata tapuluq sa siva a qadaw(a 天保a tapuluq sa lima a cavilj a ziugacu kata tapuluq a qadaw), sinipualjak a Sakuma Samata i 長州阿武郡河添村(tucu a 山口縣萩市河添), a djaljedjalj na 長州藩士a岡村孫七 timadju, sa kipaquzup a 佐久間竹之丞 tjaimadaju katjaivirilj. nu kitevelj ta sividay a 奇兵隊, sa kitulu ta 西洋兵法 tjai 大村益次郎.

ka 1866 a cavilj(a慶應a drusa a cavilj) i masanmusalj a makaqeci tua 長州, sa sinan tua malailaing(大隊長) na龜山隊nua長州藩軍 timadju, qaw makaqeciqeci i 芸州口.

ka 1868 a cavilj(a慶應a sepatj a cavilj) i makaqeci i戊辰, vaik a sema ta 棚倉, 二本松, 會津 tua makaqeci ti Sakuma Samata. qaw nu remingedjilj ta sihu a明治政府, kitevelj ta sividay na陸軍 timadju, sa masan tua 陸軍大尉 timadju ka 1872 a cavilj (a 明治a lima a cavilj) kata pinaljavak tua 西海鎮台付.

ka 1874 a cavilj(a明治a pitju a cavilj) a nigacu, namakaqecianga ta 佐賀之亂, sa masan tua malailaing a鎮台參謀長 nua 熊本, kata vaik a sema ta taiwan tua kitevelj ta [[nu sesingvaudjan a tjaucikel|sineljavakan i sinvaudjan(牡丹社事件)]] timadju. masa siselapay aravac tua qinaljan a djaqaciljy(石門) nimadju tua makaqeci, qemeci ta sinvaudjan a mazngi ti aruqu kati aljak ti Sakuma Samata, sa pinaka ta “鬼佐久間” tjaimadju.

ka 1874 a cavilj(a明治a tapuluq a cavilj), masan tua malailain a masanemelj a sividay a 步兵, sa kitevelj ta makaqeci na 西南. ka 1881 a cavilj(a明治a tapuluq sa sepatj a cavilj) a nigacu, masan tua 陸軍少將kata malailaing nau仙台鎮台timadju, sa sikalevan a 男爵爵位 tjaimadju nusicavilj.

ka 1894 a cavilj(a明治a drusa a puluq kata pitju a cavilj) i makaqeci ta ripun kata chukuku, masan tua malailaing nua sividay a masanmusalj timadju, sa vaik a sema ta makaqeci tua 威海衛. ka namakaqecianga i 1895 a cavilj (a明治a drusa a puluq kata alu a cavilj) a gugacu, masan ta 總督 na 威海衛 timadju, qaw sikalevan a 勳一等旭日大綬章kata子爵 tjaimadju.

namasananga ta 近衛師団長kata中部都督 ti Sakuma Samata, sa masan tua 陸軍大將uta timadju ka 1898 a cavilj(a明治a tjelu a puluq kata ita a cavilj). nu masananga ta 衛戍總督 na 東京 ka 1904 a cavilj(a明治a tjelu a puluq kata prtju a cavilj), sa pinaljavak a 台灣總督kata sikalevan a 勳一等旭日桐花大綬章 tjaimadju. qaw sinan tua 伯爵 ka 1907 a cavilj(a明治a sepatj a puluq a cavilj) tiamdju.

ka ripunanan, nu ika pacecev a pairing ta ripun a sihu, sa kilailaing pakata kacalisiyan a sihu na ripun, kata penenetj tiamadju ta makaqeci ta kacaliyan. masa namakaqeci ta qinaljan i sinvaudjan ti Sakuma Samata kasicuayan, sa mapenetj a sihu na [[Dripun|ripun]] ta sinan ta總督timadju. 

rupaqeci tua kacalisiyan ti Sakuma Samata nu sinan ta總督timadju. azua a “五年理蕃計畫”nimadju, avan a makaqeci ta tayaruzuku ivirilj, sa djapupen ta bunungzuku i navalj, maqati a matucu tua “以蕃制蕃”, a makaqeci uta tua kacalisiyan timadju avan a “理蕃戰役”(pu tayday kata unem(160次). sa ika kisekaulj ta 總督府timalju ka kilailaing anga pakata kacalisiyan, qaw macayanga i pitju a puluq a cavilj timadju pakavirilj a tjelu a qiljas.

izua a “林圯埔事件”(1912 a cavilj a sangacu a drusa a puluq kata tjelu a qadaw), “土庫事件” (1912 a cavilj a lukugacu) ka sinan ta總督timadju, sa pungadan a “鐵血總督”tjai Sakuma Samata, mavananga a tjaljacuay a 總督 i taiwan uta.

qaw paleva tua pinatavatan timadju, sa remingedjilj ta “mula a 吉野村” （tucu a guan a吉安鄉）, “mula a 豐田村”(tucu a guan a 壽豐鄉a mula a 豐田村), “林田村”(tucu a 鳳林鎮南平里) timadju；remingedjilj ta pasusuan na zaljum itjaiteku(下水道) i taipi, sa masanliawliaw tua sengsengan nua 郵政kata電信事業；sa pavay a paysu ta taipi tua remingedjilj ta覺寺 （tucu a 十普寺）a 本堂.

inia msananga ta 總督 i taiwan ti Sakuma Samata, kitevelj ta makaqeci a石門之役 ka 1874 a cavilj timadju, izuanga a tjaljapazangl ta makaqeci a太魯閣戰爭 ka 1914 a cavilj, kaizuan a remingedjilj ta 總部itjaiteku ta gadu a 石門山 timadju, sa masan tua malailaing nua madrusa a kurava a sividay timadju ta makaqeci.

==aza a tjaicikel a namacay nua matjani ta dangadangas== 

ka 1914 a cavilj(a明治a tjelu a cavilj) a lukugacu a drusa a puluq kata lima a qadavan, kilaing ta liaw a sividay na 日本陸軍kata kinsac ti Sakuma Samata a pitju a puluq a cavilj timadju, sa makaqeci tua qinaljan nua tarukuzuku. sa pinaqeci tjiamadju i Siraoka, qaw matjani ta paljaljavak, avan a tjaqaca a tjelu a maru tadjekuacan taizua. masa saqetjuqetju ti Sakuma Samata, sa pavaiken ta taipi a kemasi a 埔里, qaw mangetjez ta ripun timadju, namacay i 仙台 ka 1915 a cavilj(a大正a sepatj a cavilj). naqivu nua zuma ta azua ti Sakuma Samata a macayanga i taiwan kaizuan, qaw pavaiken timadju tua ripun sa pasamalaw tua zuma. izua a Sakuma Samata i varung na ripun a caucau kata 天皇, saigu a kilailaing ta masengseng na kacalisiyan timadju, a 理番五年計劃 nimadju a sinanpazangal na 國會kata 日皇, nu pasemalaw a pinaqeci tjai Sakuma Samata na kacalisiyan, masa uri maqaluvu a cauacau nua ripun kata pinadjeli nua gaikuku, sa masan tua zinaqaw taizua. ljawa inika pinakeljang nimanima.

izua ti古宏希盼 nua sezikezuku a maljavaljavar tua ramaljeng a matayday kata alu a caucau(a kemasi pitju a puluq kata lima cavilj ta alu a puluq kata siva a cavilj)i tjelu a guan a 花蓮秀林, 萬榮, 卓溪ka 2001 ta 2003 a cavilj, sa naqivu tia ramaljang:

nu makaqeci ta sezikezuku a sividay na ripun, kemeljanga a taqaljaqaljan tua inia maqati a paqaci ta ripun, sa mavilad tiamadju. ljawa nu mangtjez ta Siraoka a sividay na ripun, izua a taqaljaqaljan a kiqilja imaza tua paqeci ta sividay na ripun. ka kadjamadjaman i 大正a tjelu a cavilj a hacigacu, qaluin na caucau ti Sakuma Samata tua cemuljev, qaw nu mangtjez ta ljezaya na Muhakaw a itjaivirilj ta Siraoka, pinaqeci sa matjani ta paljaljavak, avan a tjaqaca a tjelu a maru tadjekuacan taizua. saqetjuqetju ti Sakuma Samata, sa maqeljing timadju ta sividay na ripun, kata kemuang tiamadju tjaidudut. saka, masaliawliaw azua a kinuangan izua, a cinepeljut a cemel, nekanga a vuyu kata qatjuvitjuvi.ika cuayanga, pusaladj tia sividay na ripun, sa kemikim tiamdju idudut. ljawa kineljanganga a taqaljaqaljan ta katjunangan imaza, sa maviladanga tiamadju. nu masulem anga, maljekuya kata pacasikel a sividay na ripun.

ljawa inika kilaing ta sividay ti Sakuma Samata ka 大正a tjelu a cavilj a lukugacu a drusa a puluq kata lima a qadavan, izua i司令部 i Selaokahuni( tucu a 秀林鄉西拉歐卡na kalinku, avan a takuzulj sa sepatj a iday kata tapuluq a maru tadjekuacan a kinavavavan kemasi tua ljavek)timadju.

nu kemanga ta kenamain timadju, sa kacuin a 師井百合一 kata zuma tua cemuljev ti Sakuma Samata tua vaquan a djalan nu pitju a milingan, sa inika makarigi timadju tuki qaluin na caucau tjiamadju. saka, nu pacunanga ta siasing naizua a dangadangas, kemeljanganga a abunay aravac ta vaik a sema tazua a caucau. sa saqetjuqetju ti Sakuma Samata idudut ta dangadangas itjaiqaca ta tjelu a iday kata tjelu a puluq a maru tadjekuacan ta 司令部帳營. nu matjani a 總督, inika kemeljang timadju kata qineluz tjaimadju nua kasiw, aya ti 塚田巡查, sa paqivu ta 司令部 kaizuanan. masa paseqeljing ta Sakuma Samata ti 師井警部補, sa mamau timadju. nu maqeljinganga tiamadju, sa semekez tiamadju kata pavay ta 營地. qaw semekesekez ti Sakuma Samata itjaizua i pana patje hacigacu a tapuluq kata tjelu a qadavan. ljawa paljavakanan ta sividay ti Sakuma Samata tua makaqeci ta kacalisiyan nu lukugacu kata drusa a puluq kata siva a qadavan, sa kaljava tua rinangez na siva a qinaljan timadju patje hacigacu a tapuluq a qadavan i Toboko(トボコ, tucu a qinaljan nua kalinku a 秀林). mangetjez ta taipi tiamadju ka hacigacu a tapuluq kata siva a qadavan i nakincengelj i sepatj a malingan kata lima a puluq kata unem pung.

ka kugacu a tapuluq kata siva a qadavan, mangetjez ta ripun timadju, sa naqivu ta 天皇 tua patjara makaqeci ta karukuzuku, kata pucemecemel. ka ziunigacu a alu a qadavan, mangetjezanga ta taiwan, sa mecevung ta matatday sa sepatj a puluq kata tjelu a caucau na karukuzuku timadju i taipi (izuanga a kacalisiyan a masepatj a puluq kata unem a caucau). sa, masuvarung timadju tua sinikivalit ta sengsengan ka lukugacu a ita a qadavan, qaw namacyanga ka 大正a sepatj a cavilj(1915 a cavilj) a hacigacu a lima a qadavan.

nalemangeda ta macayanga ti Sakuma Samata kaizuanan, ljawa zemaqav taizua a sihu na ripun, mavananga a pasaliw. masa a tjaljapazangal a malailaing na sinipaljavak timadju, sa pazangalan ta masengseng nimadju, kata patjara a masengseng ta makaqeci, qaw macayanga timadju. zinaqav na sihu a ripun taizua patje tacavilj, ljawa izuanga a sengsengan na kacalisiyan i taiwan, qaw izua a namacayanga a kinacavacavan na caucau kasicayananga a kemasi gaduan sa ika cemevelj. saka, inika pakeljang ta zuma, ika maqatianga.

sa, izua a vinecikan i 《佐久間總督カラパウ討伐軍記錄寫真集》, kata a katjunangan ta saqetjuqetju timadju, a siasing nimatju iviriljanga a saqetju timatju.

nalemangeda ta saqetju ti Sakuma Samata anga, izua a vinecikan i《臺灣日日新報》tuqadavan, sa sinasa timadju na天皇kata zuma. napacunuta ta vinecikan a 公文類纂 na 臺灣總督府, izua a vinecik na Sakuma Samata, sa nu vaikanga timadju, izua a venecik ta “vaikanga”`; sa uri pinaljavak ta zuma nimadju, izua a venecik ta”paljavak ta nimanima”；nu izua a sasusuan nimadju, sa uri venecik ta ngadan nimadju tuki hang taizua. ruvenecik ta hang timadju.

qaw izuanan a vinecikan na Sakuma Samata ka大正a sepatj a cavilj(1915 a cavilj) a nigacu a alu a qadavan, sa paljavak ta 田川辰一 a sinan ta malailaing na 臺灣公立中學(tucu a 臺中一中). ljawa, kemeljanganga ta macayanga ti Sakuma Samata nu saqetju timadju tacaviljanga, mavan a pitju a puluq a cavilj timadju.

sa ivirilj taicu a pacugan, mapavalit ta lalaingan tua semanrasudjan a 臺灣總督府, sa papungadan a katjunangan nua karukuzuku ta “研海事業區”(aicu a “研海”mavan a ngadan ni Sakuma Samata uta).


==klailaing ta nemanga==

izua a tjaljapazangal a sengsengan na Sakuma Samata i taiwan:

1.     namaumalj ta sasusuan nua malailaing na sihu

2.     pinavay ta 彩票

3.     remingedjilj ta vaquan a tapavan na 總督府

4.     masengseng patjara kacalisiyan

5.     remingedjilj ta 港i 基隆

6.     remingedjilj ta 港i akaw

7.     masengseng ta cemecemel nau 阿里山

8.     paljavak ta zaljum, sa ljemenguaq ta pana

9.     sengsengan ta pinatavatan

10. masengseng ta zaljum: remingedjilj ta 圳

11. remingedjilj ta kinkiusiu(研究所)


==tjaucikel==

“享於克誠”, masanitalj a 總督 na taiwan ti Sakuma Samata a sema ta kivala ta biu a 北港朝天宮, sa pinaka “享於克誠”taizua ka 1913 a cavilj(a大正a drusa a cavilj) a sangacu.

biu a 佐久間, izuazua a biu i 花蓮港廳花蓮郡 na taiwan ka ripuanan, avan a 無格社. riningedjlj taicu a biu na sihu a ripun ka 1923 a cavilj(a大正a tapuluq kata drusa a cavilj), sa kakipaqenetjan ta makaqeci ta karukuzuku, penalisi tua 大己貴命kati a masanlimalj a總督 na taiwan ti Sakuma Samata. izua i tuca a 天祥 i 太魯閣國家公園, ljawa nu remingedjlj ta djalan a 中橫公路 ka 1960 a cavilj, sa remingedjljuta ta銅像na 文天祥kata papungadan ta “文天祥公園”taizua.

“研海庄”, aicu a ngadan ni Sakuma Samata a sinan ta pangaljan nua kaizuanan, avan a tucu a新城鄉 i kalinku.

gadu a佐久間山, aicu a ngadan ni Sakuma Samata a sinan taicu a gadu, avan a tucu a秀林鄉 i kalinku.

==pacunu uta ==
* [[Taiwan]]
* [[Dripun]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Tjimur</title>
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    <id>81</id>
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      <timestamp>2024-06-13T09:14:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* paljavak tua kadjunangan */</comment>
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|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''timur''' &lt;/br&gt;(sancigu)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Bend of the North Ailiao River in Sandimen.jpg|center|250px]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Timur - Soaⁿtimn̂g - (Sandimen, Pingtung County).svg|center|250px]]
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|na tjaivavav a pangaljan nua kaizuanan
|qakaw king
|-
|kisanlalaing ta pangaljan nua kaizuanan
|ti cemelesai lja ljaljegan
|-
|sasupuan tua pasalavaan na kadjunangan
|196.3965 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|-
|sasupuan tua caucau
|ma 7,689 a caucau
|-
|sasupuan na iyubingkiuku
|901
|-
|}

sancigu（三地門鄉）

a i sancigu  i maza i [[Taiwan|taiwan]] i 'akaw saka tjaljavirivirian. a tjaikaviri tua sesancigu mavan aicu a setakaw a 茂林區, 六龜區, a i tjaikacedas sebudaygu, a i tjaikaledep payrang a se高樹鄉, se塩埔鄉, a i tjainavalj izua a 內埔鄉 katua semakagu. a pinaljavakan a kadjunangan a penuljat izua 196平方公里 a pasatalji'aca, sikamasantjelulj tua kinatalji'acan a gu i 'akaw, (pasuvililj ta i sisigu katua budaygu); a cawcau izua, izua a pitju a kuzulj katu pitju a iday a pasaliav, tjaljatjuruvuan a cawcau i tua makakacalisian a gu. aicu a i sancigu a kinaizuanan i tua gadu katua kazatazatan a cinevungan, azua a namatazua a kadjunangan pinaka&quot;丘陵地&quot; aya a 'ivu, a vavavan nua kadjunangan izua a 100~2159 a pasavavav. izua a pana a nacemalivat i tua kadjunangan, azua a kina'adavan namasan熱帶季風 a kina'adavan. a sikata'aljan izua a ravar, izua a vuculj, izua uta a mavekelj a drekay a setaljamakaw, i maza i , ka i situcutucuan a cavilj masankakivangavangananga, saka sipaseljavak tua 茂林國家風景區. 

==likisi (歷史)==
aicu a sancigu(三地門鄉), kinasi tua kinacalisianan a &quot;timur&quot; aya, azua a namalivu a semamaza a [[Pairang|payrang]], semusu tua ljingav a si'aivuan tua 山豬毛 katua山地門 aya, patjetucu aicu a payrang &quot;Suann-tē-mn̂g&quot; aya sakamaya. ka i 1935 a cavilj, aicu a i timur, taravacalj, salalaw pasekawmaljen nua ripung a pasamaza i tjailalauz tua i katimuran, sa sikulet tua kinakemudan nua 'inaljan, marumavan a 棋盤.  

ka ljawtianga a djemadjas tua i taiwan, umaljen nua kicapicapilj a i tjaivavav a takaw州 'akav郡 a &quot; 三地盟&quot; aya, ka 1947 a cavilj umaljen uta a &quot;sancigu&quot; aya. ka 1950 a cavilj patjawmalj tu 'akaw king&quot; a kicapilj, pay ka 1992 a caviljan alu a 'iljasan 

inumalj uta a ngadan, tua inumaljan a ngadan a kemasizua a patjetucu iniangaka inumalj.

==paljavak tua kadjunangan==
[[sineqetj a vecik:7-11三地門頭目門市.jpg|thumb|right|220px|]]
matja 10 a 'inaljan i Sancigu. matja 12 a 'inaljan i maza, [[timur]]（三地部落）, [[tjavatjavang]]（達來部落）napaljavak tua i djaljadjaljay, ka 1989 a cavilj sekawmalj a tjaljutjavatjavang a patjetucu, ka 2010 a cavilj secevung tua 八八 a zinaljuman, izua a mavekelj a nasekawmalj a [[semasanariaw]](長治百合園區), pay azua a kadjunangan umaljen a kemasi長治鄉榮華村 pasansancigu a tjavatjavang a 'inaljan. [[valjulu]]（馬兒部落）, [[paridrayan]]（大社部落）, ka 2010 a cavilj ta vinaliyan nasecevung tua 88 a zaljuman saka sekawmalj a semarinarir, saka azua a kinazuanan tucu a kadjunangan umaljen uta a kemasimakagu masilid 'inaljan a masansancigu a paridrayan. [[sagaran]]（口社部落）, [[talamakaw]]（青葉部落）, [[cavak]]（青山部落）, [[djineljepan]]（安坡部落）, [[tjailjaking]]（賽嘉部落）, aicu a i [[tjukuvulj]](德文村) a pinaljavakan, izua a [[tjusepaywan]](北巴部落), [[kingdalruwane]]（金大露安部落）, ka secevung tua 八八 a zinaljuman, izua a sikata'aljan a sekawmalj a semasanariaw(長治百合園區), pay umaljen a kadjunangan a kemasitua長治鄉榮華村 a masansancigu a tjukuvulj.

==sipacacikel(交通)==
===palidring a djalan===
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW24.svg|23px]] sikamasan 24 a palidring a djalan nua i taiwan
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_CHW185.svg|23px]] sikamasan 185 a palidring a djalan nua i qakaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWpt7.svg|23px]] sikamasan pitjulj a palidring a djalan nua i pingtung
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWpt29.svg|23px]] sikamasan 29 a palidring a djalan nua i pingtung
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWpt31.svg|23px]] sikamasan 31 a palidring a djalan nua i pingtung

==kivangavangan==

== kasizuan ==

== t 185.9&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang   94.02&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 85.25&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 7,698 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 2,296 a daceneqlan, Puyuma, Rukai (95%) a maqcuwa caucau. ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
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    <title>Shitan</title>
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        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
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|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''sawi'(shitan gu)''' 
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:ShitanHsintienOldStore.JPG|thumb|center|pinapacunan a sawi'(shitan gu)]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Sṳ̂thàn - Saithâm - (Shitan, Miaoli County).svg|thumb|center|inuan a sawi'(shitan gu)]] 
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|na tjaivavav a pangaljan nua kaizuanan
|[[miaoli king]] (miaoli county)
|-
|kisanlalaing ta pangaljan nua kaizuanan
|謝春梅
|-
|sasupuan tua pasalavaan na kadjunangan
|79.4324 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|-
|sasupuan tua caucau
|ma 4,146 a caucau &lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(kaqiljas a 4 na kacavilj a 2021)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|}

Shitan（獅潭鄉）

Shitan gu icuwa i Miaoli. ala atjunangn mapuljat 79.39&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang   10.36&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 2.57&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 387 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 156 a daceneqlan, Saysiyat (32%) a maqcuwa caucau. paiwan a maqcuwa caucau. 

a i vecekadan tua [[Miauli king|miauli king]] a shitangu. pasazaya tua samangu (samˊ vanˊ hiongˊ) a shitangu. pasakacedas a viri tua pinSa'o:ol; pasakacedas a navalj tua [[Tai’an|taian]].

kaljaqudjaljan a kadjunangan imaza a kemasi ta qiljasan a lima a patje qiljasan a siva.

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 7 qinaljan i Shitan. matja 1 qinaljan imaza, Sawi（百壽部落）.

==cinalivatan==
kasicuayan a kaizuanan nia [[kacalisian]] imaza. qadjav a cavilj a 1900, djemaljun a ngaingai a papupaday imaza. tjaivililj,  izuazua a ngaingai kata [[Pairang|pairang]] uta imaza.

izua milimilingan ta gadu a pasakaviri. pinapacunan a gadu azua a matu shize aya. shize aicu a anemanema qaca a qemuzimuzip se [[Tailiku|ciukuk]]. kinemenem a caucau imaza ta gadu kata puzaljuman tjaizua a kinazuganan nu vaik aicu a shize a kizaljum i puzaljuman. mavan shize a shitan aya imaza.

==kadjunangan==
a i vecekad aicu a shitan gu i tua [[Miauli king|miauli king]].

==caucau==
izua 93.6% a caucau a tjatjuruvu imaza i shitan gu.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20171010210810/http://ebooks.lib.ntu.edu.tw/1_file/hakka/78/51272219271.pdf&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=wikitable style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1981
!kacavilj a 1982
!kacavilj a 1983
!kacavilj a 1984
!kacavilj a 1985
!kacavilj a 1986
!kacavilj a 1987
!kacavilj a 1988
!kacavilj a 1989
!kacavilj a 1990
|-
!caucau
|'''8,596'''
|8,398
|8,232
|7,972
|7,847
|7,585
|7,271
|6,955
|6,791
|6,593
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1991
!kacavilj a 1992
!kacavilj a 1993
!kacavilj a 1994
!kacavilj a 1995
!kacavilj a 1996
!kacavilj a 1997
!kacavilj a 1998
!kacavilj a 1999
!kacavilj a 2000
|-
!caucau
|6,500
|6,368
|6,339
|6,192
|6,126
|6,034
|5,825
|5,758
|5,656
|5,526
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2001
!kacavilj a 2002
!kacavilj a 2003
!kacavilj a 2004
!kacavilj a 2005
!kacavilj a 2006
!kacavilj a 2007
!kacavilj a 2008
!kacavilj a 2009
!kacavilj a 2010
|-
!caucau
|5,469
|5,420
|5,352
|5,262
|5,308
|5,201
|5,188
|5,048
|5,059
|4,928
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2011
!kacavilj a 2012
!kacavilj a 2013
!kacavilj a 2014
!kacavilj a 2015
!kacavilj a 2016
!kacavilj a 2017
!kacavilj a 2018
!kacavilj a 2019
!kacavilj a 2020
|-
!caucau
|4,821
|4,777
|4,678
|4,725
|4,606
|4,475
|4,417
|4,331
|4,231
|'''4,158'''
|-
|}

==papupaysu==

===tataleman===
kasicuayan, pazangal a temalem ta paday kata ucia imaza. malialiaw a paday a tjaivililj, mavan putjavuvuk imaza.

==tatuluan==
izua tjelu a kedrikedri a gakku imaza i shitan gu. neka daigakku imaza.

== kakipucemelan ==

==iyubingkiuku (yuzeng)==

===sasupuan na iyubingkiuku===
354 a sasupuan na iyubingkiku se sawi' (shitan gu).

==remayurangan==
===djalan na kasicuayan===
izua liaw a djalan na kasicuayan imaza i shitan.

===shitan a lizuk===
shitan a lizuk aicu a tjaizua a papatjezuan na sikamasantjelulj a palidring a djalan na taiwan kata sikamasan 124 a palidring a djalan na miaoli king.

==sipacacikeljan==

===palidring a djalan===
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW3.svg|省道|23px]] sikamasantjelulj a palidring a djalan na taiwan: tjapazangal a palidring a djalan imaza. maqati kemasimaza a patje dahu gu kata sanwan gu.
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW6.svg|省道|23px]] sikamasannemelj a palidring a djalan na taiwan: patje dahu gu kata lizuk a miaoli
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW72.svg|省道|23px]] sikamasan 72 a palidirng a djalan na taiwan: nasinandjalananga aicu a tjadjaljav a kemasimaza i shitan gu a patje lizuk a miaoli.
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW124.svg|縣道|23px]] sikamasan 124 a palidring a djalan na miaoli king: kemasimaza a patje nanzhuang gu
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW126.svg|縣道|23px]] sikamasan 126 a palidirng a djalan na miaoli king: paka puzaljuman a mingde a patje lizuk a miaoli
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWml22.svg|23px]] sikamasan 22 a palidring a djalan na miaolit: 獅潭鄉永興村北窩口﹝台3線113K﹞－[[頭屋鄉]](鳴鳳村)－[[頭屋鄉]]扒子崗﹝台13線﹞ 
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWml26.svg|23px]] sikamasan 26 a palidring a djalan na miaolit: [[苗栗市]]新東街－新東大橋－[[公館鄉 (臺灣)|公館鄉]](北河村)－[[錫隘隧道]]－獅潭鄉﹝台3線116K﹞
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWml63.svg|23px]] sikamasan 63 a palidring a djalan na miaolit: 獅潭鄉八角林－十一份四－[[泰安鄉]]洗水坑 
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWml64.svg|23px]] sikamasan 64 a palidring a djalan na miaolit: 獅潭鄉八角林－八卦力－[[泰安鄉]]砂埔鹿

===basu===
*basu na miaoli: sikamasan 5822 a kemasi ta 南莊 a paka 八卦力 a patje 仙山靈洞宮
*basu na sincu: sikamasan 5657 a kemasi ta miaoli a paka 公館－福基－汶水－鹽水坑 a patje shitan imaza

==djamay==
*tjavuvuk
*qaca a gang
*ucia
&lt;gallery&gt;
EriocheirSinensis1.jpg|gang
Reife Erdbeeren.jpg|tjavuvuk
Free Range Hens - geograph.org.uk - 342791.jpg|vuyu
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>99tabsdgg1qi571t036qjqroyr6vgak</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Shizi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>83</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12270</id>
      <parentid>10425</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T04:32:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* racev */-sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12270</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7569" sha1="nbv9k1euk393y2rq2vn4uhbbzgu3g2e" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''shizi guan'''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:WP 001248-2.jpg|center|250px]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Sisigu - Saiá - (Shizi, Pingtung County).svg|thumb|center|sisigu imaza (qudjidji a pinakeljang)]]
|-
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|akaw
|-
|sicuayan a ngadan
|sisigu
|-
|sepaljavak
|alu a mula, lima puluq sa alu a talingan
|-
|kai
|pinaiwanan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
|
-周英傑(pacun ta guciu na sisigug)

-nasesisigu a gukusiu

-daihiyukay na sisigu

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan 
|301.0018km²
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|sepatj a taiday sa drusa puluq sa siva maru vavavan tadjekuacan (429m) 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na cawcau


-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-sepatj a kuzulj sa alu a taiday sa puluq sa pitju a caucau(4,817)(2021 a cavilj sigac)

-masansika tjelupuluq sa ita(31)

-ita kuzulj sa unem a taiday sa siva a paljingan(1,609)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|943
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10013320
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|[[Chunri|kasugagu]],vangsan(枋山),[[Mudan|sinvaudjan]],cecen(車城) kata [[Daren|daren]]
|}

shizi guan (pinaywanan: sisigu) imaza i pasanavalj tua [[Qakaw king|akaw king]]. i viri nakidjekec tua kasugagu, a i kacedas nakidjekec tua [[Daren|daren]], a i keledep nakidjekec tua vangsan, a i pasakaledep a navalj mavananga a i cecen, au i navalj nakidjekec tua [[Mudan|sinvaudjan]]. a tjaljaqacavan a qinaljan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. ka 1875 a cavilj, izua “sisigu livulivu” imaza.

aicu guan sedjelj i vuljavuljau a kadjunangan, avan nu a gadugaduan i vecekadan tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. avan nusekuya sana kauvu a kinakadjunangan, tjaliaw a gadu izua, keri a kazatjan. pakata pana seqaljudj pasa maza izua djanau pana kata vangsan pana, imaza a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledev. ljemita a cavilj i kaljaljaljeqelan kata i kaljazalazangan izua pazangal a pakaigadu a ljiuk pasamaza. aza sikataqaljan sedjelj a [[Paiwan|paiwan]] zuku.

== cinalivatan ==
sisigu avan ca sincen a kadjunangan pasusu ta [[Taiwan|taiwan]] sihu a kakudan, au sedjelj aza tjakuvukuvulj kata sapediq sicuayan a kadjunangan tauta. pakata ti tjaivuvu imaza a qivu ta izua tjaqacavan a qaciljay, aza ridiu matu a likuljaw a qulu. saka sipungdan ta “sisigu a gadu”, au siqivu ta “sisigu qinaljan” tauta. ka ripun a djiday, aicu kacalisian a kadjunangan sedjelj i takaw zu(州) cawzudjin(潮州郡), lemindjelj ta gimen i mareka qinaljan, kanri ta sincen, kicaquwan kata suljivatjan a sengsengan. katjasangas ta kumin sihu djemadjas i taihuku, lemingdjlj ta gukusiu, au sipungadan ta “shizi guan”, sipavecik patakaw king sa kanrivi, ka 1950 a cavilj pavalitan ta paakaw king sa kanrivi patjeljatucu.  

== guciu ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|guciu
|-
|sangasangasan 
|趙金藏
|-
|sikamasanmusalj kata sikamasan tjelulj
|周深仁
|-
|sikamasan simatjelj kata sikamasan limalj
|趙金藏
|-
|sikamasan nemelj kata sikamasan pitjulj
|郭盛文
|-
|sikamasan valulj kata sikamasan sivalj
|李正忠
|-
|sikamasan simuluq kata sikamasan simuluq saka ita
|朱忠周
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka drusa kata sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu
|簡東明
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj
|張福來
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj
|張孝娘(mumalj a sinkiu)
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka lima kata sikamasan simuluq saka unem
|侯金助
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka pitju
|孔朝
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka alu
|孔朝(puaming ta sengsengan)
|-
|sevalitan
|伍慶隆
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka siva
|周英傑
|}

==paljavak tua kadjunangan==
izua alu mula, puluq sa lima a qinaljan i sisigu. au aza sincen vecekadan nua sisigu imaza i kaidi. 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|mula
|qinaljan
|-
|南世村 (nanesiku)
|南世 (nanesiku)
|-
|內獅村 (naisetu)
|內獅 (kacedas)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |獅子村 (sisetu)
|中心崙 (tjusinelung)
|-
|和平 (qaljecim)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |草埔村 (supaw)
|橋東 (tjinavanavalj)
|-
|橋西 (kuangeka)
|-
|下草埔 (puljekuan)
|-
|雙流 (tjisaulem)
|-
|內文村 (naibun)
|內文 (tjaquvuquvulj)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |丹路村 (butangelu)
|上丹路 (tjacekes)
|-
|下丹路 (pasumaq)
|-
|伊屯 (lemiaw)
|-
|新路 (tjuakavayan)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |楓林村 (kaidi)
|新路 (tjuakavayan)
|-
|楓林 (kaidi)
|-
|竹坑村 (tjuruquay)
|竹坑 (tjuruquay)
|}

== caucau ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj/qiljas
|caucau
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1981
|lima a kuzulj sa itaiday sa alu puluq sa alu a caucau (5,188 a caucau)
|—    
|-
|1986
|lima a kuzulj sa drusaiday sa lima puluq sa unem a caucau (5,256 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+1.3%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1991
|lima a kuzulj sa drusaiday sa lima puluq a caucau (5,250 a caucau)
|−0.1%
|-
|1996
|lima a kuzulj sa drusaiday sa alu puluq sa pitju a caucau (5,287 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+0.7%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2001
|lima a kuzulj sa itaiday sa puluq sa tjelu a caucau (5,113 a caucau)
|−3.3%
|-
|2006
|lima a kuzulj sa drusa puluq sa tjelu a caucau (5,023 a caucau)
|−1.8%
|-
|2011
|sepatj a kuzulj sa alu taiday sa puluq sa lima a caucau (4,815 a caucau)
|−4.1%
|-
|2016
|sepatj a kuzulj sa alu taiday sa drusa puluq sa pitju a cuacau (4,827 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+0.2%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2021/sangac
|sepatj a kuzulj sa alu taiday sa drusa puluq sa siva a caucau (4,829 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+0.0%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|}

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''nasidjaravacan'''
|-
|kisiya a djalan
|-
|taiwan kisiya kanriki 
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i pasa navalj
|-
|disiaba i naisetu (aicu kadjunangan sedjelj i vangsan guan)
|-
|disiaba i vangsan(枋山)
|-
|disiaba i vangye(枋野)
|-
|}

{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''kunglu'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW1.svg|23px]] sangasangasan a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW9.svg|23px]] masansivalj a djalan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW9e.svg|23px]] masansivalj a wu (戊) a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW26.svg|23px]] masansika drusapuluq sa unem a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|'''vinaciqan ta djalan'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_CHW199.svg|23px]] itaiday siva puluq sa siva a vinaciqan 
|-
|'''vinaciqan ta djalan'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWpt148.svg|23px]] akaw itaiday sa sepatj puluq sa alu a vinaciqan           
|}

{|class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''basu'''
|-
|basu a akaw
|-
|basu a ku kang
|-
|basu a takaw 
|}

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sinupuan
|-
|kucung a gaku   
|-
|gaku na kucung a sisigu (aicu kadjunangan sedjelj i vangsan guan)
|-
|kukumin a gaku
|-
|gaku na kukumin a naisetu
|-
|gaku na kukumin a supaw
|-
|gaku na kukumin a butangelu
|-
|gaku na kukumin a kaidi
|-
|puvadanqan
|-
|puvadanqan i sisigu
|}

== kivangvangan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|獅子鄉文物陳列館
|sisigu sinan papaljizavan tua nemangamanga umaq
|-
|里龍山
|lilung gadu
|-
|內文村 
|naibun a mula
|-
|雙流國家森林遊樂區
|tjisaulem kuka pukasikasivan a kivanvangan
|}

== racev ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|芒果
|manges
|-
|山蘇
|lukuc
|-
|西瓜
|suyka
|}
&lt;gallery&gt;
0066jfPius XII Catholic Center United Nations Avenue Paco Manilafvf 09.jpg|manges
山蘇 Aaplenium nidus - panoramio.jpg|lukuc
西瓜 - panoramio.jpg|suyka
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>nbv9k1euk393y2rq2vn4uhbbzgu3g2e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Shoufeng</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>84</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12224</id>
      <parentid>10421</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T13:45:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* remayurangan */-sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12224</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7441" sha1="c9buj3id098mdp1h153i75aurb6uz8l" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;  align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''rinahem''' &lt;br&gt;(shoufeng gu)&lt;/br&gt;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Taiwan 2009 HuaLien Rice Paddy at Foot of Mountain FRD 6130 Book Back Cover.jpg|thumb|center|pinapacunan a rinahem(shoufeng gu)]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Shoufeng HL.svg|thumb|center|inuan i rinahem(shoufeng gu)]] 
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|tjaljatekuan a gimeng
|hualien king (hualien county)
|-
|san kilalaing ta lizuk a caucau
|劉耀宗
|-
|kadjunangan
|218.4448 km2
|-
|caucau
|17,589
|-
|}

Shoufeng（壽豐鄉）

Shoufeng gu icuwa i Hualien. ala atjunangn mapuljat 206.4&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang   27.53&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 19.03&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 17,884 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 6,803 a daceneqlan, Amis (32%) a maqcuwa caucau. 
paiwan a maqcuwa caucau. 

sinipaljavakan taicu a rinahem(siayaya a shiu+ fungˋ hiongˋ na kinakaian a nginaingaian; siayaya a alupalan na kinakaian na sakizaya) a shoufeng gu. a i pasakacedas a vecekadan aicu a pinaljavakan a shoufeng gu i tu kalinku na taiwan. a i tjaikacedas izua ljavek. a i pasanavalj ta [[Fenglin|marlimu]] katua [[Fengbin|fakong]]. a i pasaviri ta [[Ji’an|cikasuan(ji'an gu)]]. a i pasakaledep a navalj ta [[Wanrong|malibasi(wanrung gu)]].

shoufeng(’inamizukan: Rinahem；kai na sakizayazuku: Alupalan；kai na客家語海陸腔：shiu+ fungˋ hiongˋ）i pasakacedas a vecekad tua kalingku tua taiwan, a i tjaiviri tua ji’an, a i tjaikacedas mavan a taipingyan, a i tjaikaledep mavananga a xiulin, a i pasakaledep a navalj mavananga a i wanrung, a i pasanavalj izua a sefenling, sefengbin.

izua a vecekadan ta gadu i tjaikaledep, ljemaveljavekan ta gadu i tjaikacedas, kazatjan i vecekad i aicu a guan.

izua a pana a 木瓜溪, 知亞干溪, 荖溪imaza. azua a kinaqadavan namasan maculjuculju a kinavaliana kinaqadavan imaza.

azua a natemalidu a katjunangan i ljemaveljavekan imaza, sa pinaljavek na 東部海岸國家風景區. qaw liaw a pinaqenetjan ta natalidu imaza, izua a 國立東華大學校本部, 遠雄海洋公園, 鯉魚潭,立川漁場kata雲山水.

azua a drusa a taykaku imaza, avan a國立東華大學kata臺灣觀光學院.

ruqivu a ’inamizukan ata kai na台灣客家 imaza.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |shoufeng

壽豐鄉
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak (上級行政區劃)
|kalingku(花蓮縣)
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan(舊稱)
|壽庄
|-
|sepaljavak(區劃)
|tapuluq kata lima a mula ata drusa a itay saka unem  a puluq kata tjelu a (lining)  (15村263鄰) 
|-
|sihu(政府)

-guciu(鄉長)

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacuqan/lalaingan tua semanrasudjan a tjaivavav

(行政機關)

-qinati a hulic a sihu(立法機關)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-劉耀宗(pacun ta guciu na shoufeng. 壽豐鄉鄉長列表)&lt;/nowiki&gt;

- nase shoufeng a gukusiu(壽豐鄉公所)


-daihiyukay  na shoufeng(壽豐鄉民代表會)
|-
|tjaljiqaca a pulingetj/

pulingetjan nua kadjunangan/sasusuan tua pasalavagan na katjunangan

(總面積)
|218.4448平方公里
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu/sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan(平均海拔)
|taiday saka lima a puluq kata unem a vavavan a maru tadjekuacan(156公尺)
|-
|kinavadavadayan nua cawcaw(人口)

-susuan ta kinatjuruvan a caucau a supu/pinenuljatan na cawcaw(總數)

-(pita sasupuan)sikamasan(排名)

-pinaljingan(戶數)
|


-tadaidai a akudrav sa pitju a kuzulj kata sepatj  a iday saka siva a tapuluq kata sepatj a cawcaw(17,494人)(2021 a cavilj kata 3 a qiljas, 2021年3月)

- masanlimalj(第5)

-pitju a kuzulj sa tjelu a iday kata unem a  puluq a paljingan(7,360戶)
|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng

(郵政編碼)
|974
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq  a  sihu/sasusuan na umaq a vecik(戶政資料代碼)
|10015060
|-
|tjuljivaran nua guan(毗鄰)
|ji’an, xiulin, wanrung, fenling, fengbin

(吉安鄉、秀林鄉、萬榮鄉、鳳林鄉、豐濱鄉)
|}

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 20 qinaljan i Shoufeng. matja 16 qinaljan imaza, Ciamengan（壽豐部落）, Kiku（溪口部落）, Banaw（池南部落）, Rinahem（光榮部落）, Ciwidiyan（水璉部落）, Telu´（豐坪部落）, Cealalupalantdlu（豐山部落）, Adetuman（平和部落）, Tdlu（豐裡部落）, Sawanengan（共和部落）, Taukak（樹湖部落）, Cihak（志學部落）, Cipuypuyan（米棧部落）, Tumay（鹽寮部落）, Sililasay（月眉/上部落）, Siapaluway（月眉/中部落）.

izua a tapuluq sa lima a mula, mavan a:

志學村, 壽豐村, 豐山村, 溪口村, 樹湖村, 豐坪村, 米棧村, 豐裡村, 光榮村, 池南村, 平和村, 共和村, 月眉村, 水璉村kata鹽寮村.

sa izua a i tjaljaviri a 鹽寮村 itua shoufeng, a i tjaikaledep a viri ta ji’an. izua a i tjaljanavalj a 水璉村 itua shoufeng, a i tjaikaledep ta fenling, a i tjainavalj ta fengbin.

==kasicuayan==
kinaizuan aicu a qinaljan na caucau se amis(pangcah) kasicuayan. djemaljun a caucau se ciuku a semamaza ka qadjav a kacavilj a 1650. na semandjalananga a sihu na cing(ciuku) ta tjelu a djalan imaza i shoufeng gu.

kasicuayanga, izauzua a karakudakuda a amiszuku imaza, izua a tjaljasangas ta vinecikvecik ni pairang ka 明永曆年間, qaw remingedjiji ta kisiya a djalan itjainavalj, tjaivecekan, tjaiviri ka viriviriljan tua 清朝, sa kimaumalj ta djalan tua semasasaw.

ka ripunanan, aza sihu a papupicul ta ripung tua pasatavat a sekacedas, sa remingedjiji ta drusa a mula, izua a豐田村kata林田村, mavan a“壽役農莊” ;ka 1920 a cavilj, riningedjiji ta “壽區”, qaw riningedjijiuta ta “壽庄” ka 1937 a cavilj, sa pinaljavek nua 花蓮港廳花蓮郡.

ka ciukukuanan, alapen a vencik a “壽” kata“豐田”tua papungadan ta “壽豐” taimaza, sa remingedjiji ta花蓮縣壽豐鄉 a patjetucu.

==kadjunangan==
izua liaw a veljeluan imaza i shoufeng gu.

==caucau==

==papupaysu==

===tataleman===

===kakiciqavan===

==tatuluan==
izua alu a gakku a kedrikedri imaza i rinahem(shoufeng gu). izua drusa a taigakku imaza.

==biuing==

==iyubingkiuku (yuzeng)==

===sasupuan na iyubingkiuku===
974 a sasupuan na iyubingkiku se shoufeng.

==remayurangan==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Taiwan LiYu Lake.JPG|
Farglory Ocean Park dolphin show stage 20150411.jpg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==sipacacikelan==

===palidring a djalan===
[[sineqetj a vecik:Taiwan 2009 HuaLien Farm Road FRD 6157.jpg|thumb|240px|sikamasan 193 a palidring a djalan na kalinku]]
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW9.svg|23px|省道]]sikamasansivalj a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW9c.svg|23px|省道]]sikamasansivalj-C a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW11.svg|23px|省道]]sikamasansipuluq saka ita a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW11c.svg|23px|省道]]sikamasansipuluq saka ita-C a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW193.svg|23px|縣道]]sikamasan 193 a palidring a djalan na kalinku

===basu===
*basu na kalinku
*basu na taroko
*basu na tingtang

===kisiya djalan===

===gungkang===

===hikuki===
==paravacan a racev==

tjeveus

kalengleng

veljevelj

suyka

kamulaw

vuljangaw

vuday

==djamay==

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>c9buj3id098mdp1h153i75aurb6uz8l</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Singapura</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <text bytes="6114" sha1="qrztzb3bici2jymaov241huwc2n8e66" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border
|+Singapura（kukka i Asia）
|-
| flag ||&lt;gallery class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
File: Flag of Singapore.svg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|-
| vinecikan||&lt;gallery class=&quot;center&quot;&gt;
File:Coat of arms of Singapore.svg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|-
|Paketu nakukka||style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;|《Majulah Singapura 》&lt;br/&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:Majulah Singapura.ogg]]
|-
|tulu nakukka ||Majulah Singapura (Minalayuan)
|-
! Kai  !!
|-
| kai nakukka || Minalayuan, Ljinautian, Tamil
|-
| vecik nakukka || Rumazi, Ljautian a vinecikan
|-
!  sihu !!
|-
| kavusaman || Keng Yam, Tan
|-
| sihuciu ||  Hsien Lung, Li
|-
| lipuinciu || Halimah Yacob
|-
! GDP  !!
|-
| penuljat || 4,869.100,000,000 $
|-
!  kadjunangan !!
|-
| penuljat || 716.1 km&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;
|-
| pana || 1.444%
|-
!  Gini &amp; HDI !!
|-
| Gini (2014) || 46.2&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20170121003951/https://www.singstat.gov.sg/docs/default-source/default-document-library/news/press_releases/press16022015.pdf Press release on Key Household Income Trends, 2014]. Singapore Department of Statistics. 2015-02-16.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| HDI (2014) || 0.901&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220223104449/http://hdr.undp.org/sites/default/files/hdr14-report-en-1.pdf Human Development Report 2014]. United Nations Development Programme. ISBN 978-92-1-126368-8.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! caucau  !!
|-
| penuljat || 5,469,700&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20151129094649/http://www.singstat.gov.sg/statistics/latest-data#14 Latest Data]. Singapore Department of Statistics. 2015-11-27.&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| zuku ||Malayu（13.4%）, Han（74.2%）
|}

'''Singapura''' (Minalayuan: Republik Singapura, Ljinautian: 新加坡, Tamil: சிங்கப்பூர் குடியரச)

==sihu==
===cungtung===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; | style=&quot;margin: 0px&quot; |
!--|| ||ngadan||
|-
|1 ||[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of the President of Singapore.svg|80px]]||Yusof bin Ishak||
|-
|2||[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of the President of Singapore.svg|80px]]||Benjamin Henry Sheares||
|-
|3||[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of the President of Singapore.svg|80px]]||Chengara Veetil Devan Nair||
|-
|4||[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of the President of Singapore.svg|80px]]||Wee Kim Wee||
|-
|5 ||[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of the President of Singapore.svg|80px]]||Ong Teng Cheong||
|-
|6||[[sineqetj a vecik:President of Singapore SR Nathan.jpg|80px]] ||Sellapan Ramanathan||
|-
|7||[[sineqetj a vecik:Tony Tan 20110623.jpg|80px]]||Tony Tan Keng Yam||
|-
|8||[[sineqetj a vecik:Halimah Yacob APEC Women and the Economy Forum 2012.jpg|80px]]||Halimah Yacob||tucu
|-
|}

== siqivuan ==
aicu a “新加坡” mavan a kemasi inamilikan a siqaivuan au masan a pinairangan a sirukaian. aicu a “新加坡” a inamilikan pinaka “Singapore” mavan a kemasi malay a kai (馬來語) a “Singapura” aya, saka kemasi auta tua van a kai(梵語) “Siṃhapura” aya. aicu “Siṃhapura” a vecik, “simha” avan a “獅子” a imi, “pura” avan a kazatjan a imi. avan sika izua zuma a siqaivuan a “獅城” aya. au izua aicu a vinecikan tua kuni kata ljaicu a “魚尾獅” aya a sinipukeljang tu na kuni a langlangan. tazua ka tjaisangas ta sigapura masan ta kuni, aza sihu niamadju pinaka “新嘉坡” aicu a ngadan na kuni.   

ka 1967 a caviljan, aza sihu na sigapura lemingdjelj ta matateveteveljan a kangadanan a djalan, avan sika napatagilj a masengseng tua kangadanan na siqivuan a kadjunangan kata djalan a penuljat nua i singapura. ka 1972 a caviljan sikasepatj a qiljasan drusa puluq sa lima a qadavan, aicu a “新加坡” masan a paqulid a ngadan a ciniukuan. ljakua katjaisangas ta masan a kuni i kacauan, aicu a sigapura izua tjuruvu a siqaivuan, izua “星嘉坡”, “星加坡”, “新架坡”, “星架坡”, “石叻”, “叻埠”, “石叻埠” kata “實叻埠” aya, saka izua a zuma a madjulu a siqaivuan pinaka “星洲”, “獅城” kata “星國” aya.&lt;ref&gt;石叻學會. [https://web.archive.org/web/20120114103419/http://www.selatsociety.sg/newsletters/newsletter2006mar.pdf 闲话石叻] (PDF). 石叻學會會訊（第一期） (新加坡: 石叻學會). 2006年3月, No.1: 12–13 [2010-03-21]. [https://www.worldcat.org/issn/1793-3234 ISSN 1793-3234]. （[https://web.archive.org/web/20120114103419/http://www.selatsociety.sg/newsletters/newsletter2006mar.pdf 原始內容] (PDF)存檔於2012-01-14） （中文）.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;古吧. [https://web.archive.org/web/20150402123549/http://www.chaofeng.org/article/detail.asp?id=11437 石叻无去去惹兰]. 汕頭日報. 2009-10-25 [2010-03-21]. （[http://www.chaofeng.org/article/detail.asp?id=11437 原始內容]存檔於2015-04-02） （中文）.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;王偉深; 少光. [https://web.archive.org/web/20190212011807/http://www.chaofeng.org/article/detail.asp?id=6145 一片帆去到实叻埠]. 妙语典故. 廣州: 高等教育出版社. 1997 [2010-03-21] （中文）.&lt;/ref&gt;

==kai==
sipatatevelak nua caucau sesingapura a matjalialiaw a kinakaian. sikiljavaran nua sihu a singapura izua kai a amilika, ciniukuan, kai a malay, katua kai a tamil.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110811103353/http://statutes.agc.gov.sg/non_version/cgi-bin/cgi_getdata.pl?actno=1997-REVED-RSI&amp;doctitle=REPUBLIC%20OF%20SINGAPORE%20INDEPENDENCE%20ACT%0A&amp;date=latest&amp;method=whole Republic of Singapore Independence Act, 1997 revised edition].&lt;/ref&gt; patjara kai nua kuka a singapura, makeljang a pinapuvecik aicu a malay nua kai a kuka  i tua “hulic nua singapura a sinipaljavak,” ayatua cinalivatan niamadju tua malaysia. ljakua, situlutulu a kai a amilika nua sinsi a singapura i gaku i singapura.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110402172957/http://www.britishcouncil.org/eumd-partnership-webzine-october-2010-country-focus.htm Education UK Partnership – Country focus]. British Council. October 2010 [2011-02-27]. （原始內容[https://www.britishcouncil.org/eumd-partnership-webzine-october-2010-country-focus.htm#singapore 存檔]於2011-04-02）.&lt;/ref&gt; sa tjaljapazangal a kai a amilika tua caucau a i singapura.

==pacunu uta==
* [[Taiwan]]
* [[Pilipinas]]
* [[Malaysia]]
* [[Tailiku]]

==kaizuanan==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Suming Rupi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>'''</comment>
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      <text bytes="11944" sha1="ftg91l9xa9bhw6munky75kozwdwzl1y" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |Suming Rupi
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[sineqetj a vecik:Suming TheWall 2.jpg|thumb|Suming Rupi, 2010|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | rusenaisenai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1978.7.17 (39 a cavilj)  
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kai
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Ljinautianan, Pinangzanan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Amis
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|wangzan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |www.johnsuming.com
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kaqinaljan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  [[Taitu king|Taitu]],  [[Taiwan]]
|-
|}
'''Suming Rupi''', ’inamiszukuan, pinualjak i 1978 a cavilj a sicigacu a tapuluq kata pitju a qadavan, a ngadan nua [[Pairang|pairaing]] ti 姜聖民, mavananga a cacaquan a semanay(歌手) kata 演員. a amiszuku na [[Donghe|donghe]] i taitu timadju, a kitjualanga a kemasi 臺灣藝術大學圖文傳播藝術學系.

masan tua cacaquan a semanay kata 吉他手 nua 圖騰樂團kata艾可菊斯, sa 演奏直笛 kata pa'urugang timadju uta. papaqayamen timadju a semananga ta liaw a senay sa sinansenay tua tjuruvu a cacaquan a semanay namadju. saka, macaqu a cempu, zemiya, zemuka timadju uta. 

sipakalevan ta kinasengseng na senay a 《我在那邊唱》 na sikamasansimuluq saka alu a 金曲獎最佳樂團 ka 2007 a cavilj timadju. 

sipakalevavan ta kinasengseng a 《跳格子》 na 第45屆 a 金馬獎最佳新演員獎 ka 2008 a cavilj timadju.

sipakalevavan ta kinasengseng na senay a 《Suming舒米恩》 na sikamasanitalj a 金曲獎最佳樂團 ka 2010 a cavilj timadju. 

semanuta timadju ta 阿米斯音樂節 kata taqaljaqaljan nua Edoulan(都蘭) ka 2013 a cavilj.

sipakalevavan ta kinasengseng a semenay a 〈不要放棄〉nua iga a 《太陽的孩子》na  第52屆 a 金馬獎最佳原創電影歌曲獎 ka 2015 a cavilj, sa inia madradraw timadju : “maqati a semenay aken, sa maqati a 演出aken uta”ayain nimadju.

pakalevavan tjiamadju a第27屆 a金曲獎最佳年度歌曲獎 uta ka 2016 a cavilj.

pakalevavan tjiamadju a masnsivalj a總統文化獎 a 青年創意獎 ka 2017 a cavilj.

tucu a masan a malailaing nua 台灣公共電視 timadju.


==kinasengseng na senay==

===kinasengseng nua圖騰樂團 (Totem)===

semananga a kinasengseng na senay a 《我在那邊唱》ka 2006 a cavilj a sigacu

semananga a kinasengseng na senay a 《我在那邊唱》ka 2009 a cavilj a kugacu

===kinasengseng nua艾可菊斯 (Echo G.S)===

semananga a senay a 〈眼睛眨眨〉kata〈養樂多〉 sa kiruku(收錄) i kinasengseng a 《美麗心民謠 想念》ka 2007 a cavilj a kugacu

semananga a senay a 〈利澤簡 好美〉kata〈都蘭古調〉 sa kiruku(收錄) i kinasengseng a senay nua iga a 《練習曲》ka 2007 a cavilj a ziugacu

===kinasengseng na Suming===

====naqemati a senay a kinasengseng nimadju====

semansenay ta kinasengseng a 《Suming》 ka 2010 a cavilj a gugucu a tapuluq kata lima a qadavan

semansenay ta kinasengseng a《阿米斯Amis》ka 2012 a cavilj a lukugacu a tjelu a puluq a qadavan

semansenay ta kinasengseng a《美式生活》ka 2013 a cavilj a ziunigacu a drusa a puluq a qadavan

semansenay ta kinasengseng a《海洋·森林》ka 2014 a cavilj a hacigacu a tapuluq kata siva a qadavan

semansenay ta kinasengseng a《Bondada》ka 2012 a cavilj a ziunigacu a tjelu a qadavan

====naqemati a kinasengseng a EP nimadju====

a senay a kinasengseng a《Suming》

a senay a kinasengseng a《Suming2》

semansenay ta kinasengseng a《Suming3》ka 2010 a cavilj

semansenay ta kinasengseng a《遠洋》ka 2010 a cavilj a ziunigacu a tapuluq kata alu a qadavan

semansenay ta kinasengseng a《美好的日子》ka 2013 a cavilj a sicigacu a lima a qadavan

semansenay ta kinasengseng a《向最初的自己致敬》ka 2017 a cavilj a sicigacu a pitju a qadavan

semansenay ta kinasengseng a《遠洋》ka 2018 a cavilj

====senay====

semansenay a《還島快樂》ka 2017 a cavilj a ziunigacu a tjelu a puluq a qadavan (kiruku(收錄) i kinasengseng a 《我來自…》 ni 吳汶芳)

semansenay a《糖果》ka 2018 a cavilj a nigacu a drusa a puluq kata lima a qadavan

semansenay a《還島快樂》ka 2017 a cavilj a ziunigacu a tjelu a puluq a qadavan

====naqemati a senay a kinasengseng katua zuma====

a senay a kinasengseng a《遊來遊去》ka 2000 a cavilj a kugacu, kiruku(收錄) ta senay a 〈浪人畫家〉

a senay a kinasengseng a《美麗心民謠》ka 2006 a cavilj a sigacu, kiruku(收錄) ta senay a 〈巴奈十九〉

a senay a kinasengseng a《Open Taipei》ka 2010 a cavilj a kugacu, kiruku(收錄) ta senay a 〈在這城市寫下愛〉

a senay a kinasengseng a《Open Taiwan》ka 2011 a cavilj a kugacu, kiruku(收錄) ta senay a 〈衷心〉

a senay a kinasengseng a《台灣美樂地》tua sinkinkiu a 蔡英文 ka 2015 a cavilj a kugacu, kiruku(收錄) ta senay a 〈亮點〉(semanay kati 荒山亮, 王俊傑, 施文彬, 董事長樂團, 滅火器樂團, 閻韋伶, 陳明章, 黃連煜, 白芯羽, 流氓阿徳, 朱頭皮, 南西樂團, 隨性)

a senay a kinasengseng a《爲南迴而唱》 ka 2017 a cavilj a zingacu, kiruku(收錄) ta senay a 〈祈雨的婦人〉

====naqemati a senay==== 

a senay a kinasengseng nua iga a《KANO》 ka 2014 a cavilj a nigacu, kiruku(收錄) ta senay a 〈勇者的浪漫〉(semanay kati中孝介, Rake, 范逸臣, 羅美玲)

a senay a kinasengseng nua iga a《太陽的孩子》 ka 2015 a cavilj a zingacu, kiruku(收錄) ta senay a 〈這個時代〉kata〈不要放棄〉

a senay a kinasengseng nua iga a《52 Hz I Love You》 ka 2017 a cavilj a icigacu

a senay a kinasengseng nua iga a《漂流遇見你》 ka 2019 a cavilj a kugacu

====kinasengseng tua vinecikan nua kemudakuda====

a kinasengseng a 《舒米恩 2010-2011 Live演唱會》, ka 2011 a cavilj a ziuicigacu a drusa a puluq kata lima a qadavan

a kinasengseng a 《Suming舒米恩 AKA SIWALAAY KAKO HAW!請你記得我 2016演唱會全紀錄》, ka 2017 a cavilj a sicigacu a pitju a qadavan

==kinasengseng tua 演出==

===kinasengseng a iga tua cinalivatan(紀錄片)===

a kinasengseng a《海洋熱》, ka 2004 a cavilj

a kinasengseng a《圖騰轉呀轉》, ka 2006 a cavilj

a kinasengseng a《誰在那邊唱》, ka 2009 a cavilj

a kinasengseng a《扛旗子的Suming》, ka 2016 a cavilj

a kinasengseng a《漂流遇見你》, ka 2017 a cavilj

===aza a iga nua tilibi===

i kinasengseng a《跳格子》ta masan 阿宗, ka 2007 a cavilj

i kinasengseng a《我在這邊唱》(TOTEM song for home) ta masan Suming, ka 2009 a cavilj

===iga===

i kinasengseng a《練習曲》ta masan caucau ta pa'urugang(彈手風琴的人), ka 2007 a cavilj

i kinasengseng a《甜·祕密》ta masan 阿車, ka 2012 a cavilj

i kinasengseng a《52 Hz I Love You》ta masan游大河, ka 2017 a cavilj

===tilibi===

a kinasengseng a《這裡發現愛》, ka 2008 a cavilj

i kinasengseng a《峰迴青春路》ta masan黑道小弟 小三, ka 2011 a cavilj

i kinasengseng a《罪美麗》ta masan kinsac, ka 2012 a cavilj

i kinasengseng a《他們在畢業的前一天爆炸II》ta masan潘世東, ka 2017 a cavilj

i kinasengseng a《種菜女神》ta masan馬耀, ka 2018 a cavilj

===sipakeljakeljang a vecik===

a kinasengseng a《中華三菱青春還鄉》, ka 2015 a cavilj

===a kinasengseng ta remuing a senay===

a kinasengseng a《天使也會受傷》nua小男孩樂團, ka 2016 a cavilj

==cinalivatan a pinakaleva==

===pinakaleva tua semansenay===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|sikamasan
|a senay a kinasengseng
|pakaleva
|kinevelj
|kinudan
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2007
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |a sikamasansimuluq (第10屆)a中華音樂人交流協會
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |《我在那邊唱》
|年度十大專輯
|《我在那邊唱》
|pinakaleva
|-
|年度十大單曲
|〈巴奈十九〉
|pinakaleva
|-
|2007
|a sikamasansimuluq  saka alu(第18屆)a金曲獎
|《我在那邊唱》
|最佳樂團獎
|《我在那邊唱》
|提名
|-
|2009
|a sikamasanemelj (第6屆)a 臺灣原創流行音樂大獎
|〈Kayoing〉
|原住民族語組
|〈Kayoing〉
|佳作
|-
|2010
|第21屆金曲獎
|《放羊的孩子》
|最佳樂團獎
|《放羊的孩子》
|提名
|-
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |2010
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |a sikamasanitjalj(第1屆) a金音創作獎
| rowspan=&quot;6&quot; |《Suming》
|最佳專輯獎
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |《Suming》
|pinakaleva
|-
|最佳創作歌手獎
|提名
|-
|最佳現場演出獎
|台北The  Wall發片演唱會
|pinakaleva
|-
|最佳民謠專輯獎
|《Suming》
|提名
|-
|最佳民謠單曲獎
|〈Kasasetek  no mita 我們的約定〉
|提名
|-
|最佳電音單曲獎
|〈Kayoing  美少女〉
|提名
|-
|2011
|a sikamasansimuluq  saka sepatj(第14屆)a中華音樂人交流協會
|《Suming》
|年度十大專輯
|《Suming》
|pinakaleva
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |2011
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |第22屆金曲獎
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |《Suming》
|最佳原住民語專輯獎
|《Suming》
|pinakaleva
|-
|最佳專輯製作人獎
|林揮斌、Suming《Suming》
|提名
|-
|最佳原住民語歌手獎
|《Suming》
|提名
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2013
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |第24屆金曲獎
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |《阿米斯》
|最佳原住民語專輯獎
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |《阿米斯》
|提名
|-
|最佳原住民語歌手獎
|提名
|-
|2014
|第25屆金曲獎
|《Amis  Life 美式生活》
|最佳作曲人獎
|〈很趕〉
|提名
|-
|2014
|第25屆金曲獎
|《美好的日子》
|最佳原住民語歌手獎
|《美好的日子》
|提名
|-
|2014
|a sikamasanlimalj (第5屆)a金音創作獎
|《Amis  Life 美式生活》
|最佳民謠專輯獎
|《Amis  Life 美式生活》
|提名
|-
|2014
|a sikamasanlimalj (第5屆)a金音創作獎
|《美好的日子》
|最佳民謠單曲獎
|〈美好的日子〉
|提名
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2015
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |第26屆金曲獎
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |《海洋·森林》
|最佳原住民語專輯獎
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |《海洋·森林》
|提名
|-
|最佳原住民語歌手獎
|提名
|-
|2016
|第27屆金曲獎
|《太陽的孩子電影原聲帶》
|最佳年度歌曲獎
|〈不要放棄  Aka pisawad（母語版）〉
|pinakaleva
|-
|2016
|a sikamasanpitjulj (第7屆)a金音創作獎
|《太陽的孩子電影原聲帶》
|最佳民謠單曲獎
|〈不要放棄  Aka pisawad（母語版）〉
|提名
|}
===pinakaleva tua semansenay uta===

pakalevavan a 臺北貢寮國際海洋音樂祭大賽–首獎海洋大賞 ka 2005 a cavilj

pakalevavan a 【第二屆全民影音創作大賽】音樂錄影帶組第一名【Kayoing】 ka 2009 a cavilj

pakalevavan a 臺灣音樂文化國際交流協會－2014硬地英雄獎 ka 2014 a cavilj

===pinakaleva tua iga===

pakalevavan a臺北電影節評審團特別獎kata觀眾票選最佳影片–紀錄片【海洋熱】 ka 2004 a cavilj

pakalevavan a【第45屆金馬獎最佳新演員獎】–【跳格子】 ka 2008 a cavilj

pakalevavan a【第50屆金馬獎最佳原創電影歌曲獎】–【如果情歌都一樣】《甜·祕密》 ka 2013 a cavilj

pakalevavan a【第51屆金馬獎最佳原創電影歌曲獎】–【小鳥先生】《KANO》 ka 2014 a cavilj

pakalevavan a【第52屆金馬獎最佳原創電影歌曲獎】–【不要放棄】《太陽的孩子》 ka 2015 a cavilj

===pinakaleva tua pinapebulay a paridiu===

pakalevavan asikamasansivalj a 總統文化獎「青年創意獎」 ka 2017 a cavilj

==pacunu uta==
* [[Maysang Kalimud]]</text>
      <sha1>ftg91l9xa9bhw6munky75kozwdwzl1y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tailiku</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>87</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12321</id>
      <parentid>12067</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-05-25T18:45:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>37.212.58.85</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* Sui, Tang a zitai */</comment>
      <origin>12321</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3017" sha1="t5h3qsshij9yk1n8d0pvb5rcxt6kqyt" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right
|+Tailiku 中国（kukka i Asia）
|-
| flag ||&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Flag of the People's Republic of China.svg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|-
| vinecikan||
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:National Emblem of the People's Republic of China.svg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|-
|Paketu nakukka||《义勇军进行曲》[[sineqetj a vecik:March of the Volunteers instrumental.ogg|center]]
|-
! Kai  !!
|-
| kai nakukka || Ljinautian
|-
| vecik nakukka || Ljinautian a vecik
|-
!  sihu !!
|-
| kavusaman || Tjin-pin Si
|-
| sihuciu || Ke-Ciang Li
|-
| lipuinciu || Te-djang Zang
|-
! GDP  !!
|-
| penuljat || 9,545,520,000,000 $
|-
!  kadjunangan !!
|-
| penuljat || 9,600,000&amp;nbsp;km^2
|-
| pana || 	2.8%
|-
!  Gini &amp; HDI !!
|-
| Gini (2014) || 46.2
|-
| HDI (2014) || 0.727
|-
! caucau  !!
|-
| penuljat || 1,376,049,000
|-
| zuku || 
* Han (91.51%), 
* Bouxcuengh (1.30%),  
* Manzu (0.86%),  
* Uyghur (0.79%), 
* khwārī (0.79%), 
* kata 50 a zuku
|}

'''Tailiku''' (Ljinautian: 中华人民共和国)

==tjaucikel==
===Sia, Sang, Zue a zitai===
[[sineqetj a vecik:Xia dynasty.svg|thumb|sia]]

[[sineqetj a vecik:Shang dynasty.svg|thumb|sang]]

[[sineqetj a vecik:China 2a-zh-classical.png|thumb|Zue]]

===Cin, Han a zitai===
[[sineqetj a vecik:Qin empire 210 BCE TC.jpg|thumb|Cin (BC210)]]

[[sineqetj a vecik:China Han Dynasty 1.jpg|thumb|Han (BC87)]]

===Wei, Tjin a zitai===

[[sineqetj a vecik:Southern and Northern Dynasties 440 CE.png|280px|thumb|Tailiku (440)]]

===Sui, Tang a zitai===
Веидер лох[[sineqetj a vecik:唐疆变迁.gif|Tang]]

===Sung a zitai===
[[sineqetj a vecik:北宋疆域图（繁）.png|280px|thumb|sung (1107)]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:南宋疆域图（繁）.png|280px|thumb|sung (1142)]]

===Yuan, Min, Chin a zitai===
[[sineqetj a vecik:Yuan_Dynasty_1294.png|right|thumb|Yuan (1294)]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:China Ming 1580.jpg|right|thumb|min (1582)]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:Ching Dynasty 1896.png|right|thumb|Chin (1896)]]

===ROC a zitai ===
[[sineqetj a vecik:Republic of China (orthographic projection).svg|thumb|ROC]]

===tucu===
[[sineqetj a vecik:People's Republic of China (orthographic projection).svg|thumb|tucu a Tailiku]]

==paljavakan==
matja 22 a senhun kata 4 a zesiase i Tailiku tucu.

==mareqali==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Diplomatic relations of the People's Republic of China.svg|thumb|250px| cangia: Tailiku; liljuas: mareqalianga; qudjilj: inika mareqali]]

== ==
&lt;br&gt;&lt;gallery class=center caption=&quot;Tailiku - 中华人民共和国 - China&quot;&gt;
Beijing-Verbotene Stadt-Halle der zentralen Harmonie-14-gje.jpg|Beijing
China-Grosse Mauer-138-2012-gje.jpg|Great Wall of China
Dazu-Baoding Shan-290-No21-2012-gje.jpg|Dazu, Baoding Shan
Li-Flussfahrt-162-Huegel-2012-gje.jpg|Li river
Yangshuo-Weststrasse-46-Koechin-2012-gje.jpg|Yangshuo
Longmen-Grotten-Fengxian Si-12-2012-gje.jpg|Luoyang, Longmen grottoes
Xian-Terrakotta-Armee-10-2012-gje.jpg|Xi'an, Terracotta Army‎‎
Shanghai-Skyline-54-Flusspanorama-2012-gje.jpg|Shanghai
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==pacunu uta ==
* [[Taiwan]]
* [[Dripun]]

&lt;!--Interwikis--&gt;</text>
      <sha1>t5h3qsshij9yk1n8d0pvb5rcxt6kqyt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tjavualji</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>88</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12191</id>
      <parentid>11458</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-05T17:24:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kivangavangan */</comment>
      <origin>12191</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5606" sha1="exam4r8qrntwz0rx1tspf88iwbxgnv4" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''tjauvali'''

(太麻里鄉)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Taimali Township.svg|thumb|center|taimali]]
|-
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak (上級行政區劃)
|taitu(台東縣)
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan(舊稱)
|tjavualji(大貓貍)
|-
|sepaljavak(區劃)
|siva a mula ata tadtay saka sepatj a puluq kata  tjelu a (lining) (9村143鄰) 
|-
|sihu(政府)

-guciu(鄉長)

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacuqan

/lalaingan tua semanrasudjan a tjaivavav(行政機關)

-qinati a hulic a sihu(立法機關)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-王重仁(pacun ta guciu na tjauvali.太麻里鄉鄉長列表)&lt;/nowiki&gt;

- nasetjauvali a gukusiu(太麻里鄉公所)


-daihiyukay  na tjauvali(太麻里鄉民代表會)
|-
|tjaljiqaca a pulingetj/

pulingetjan nua kadjunangan/sasusuan tua pasalavagan na katjunangan

(總面積)
|96.6523平方公里
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu/sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan(平均海拔)
|tjelu a taiday saka tapuluq kata drusa a vavavan  a maru  tadjekuacan(312公尺)
|-
|kinavadavadayan nua cawcaw(人口)

-susuan ta kinatjuruvan a caucau a supu

/pinenuljatan na cawcaw(總數)

-(pita sasupuan)sikamasan(排名)

-pinaljingan(戶數)
|


-tadaidai a akudrav sa siva a taitai saka drusa  a tapuluq kata lima a caucau(10,925人)(2020  a cavilj kata 12 a qiljas, 2020年12月)

- silamasansimatjeljan(第4)

-sepatj a kuzulj sa alu a iday kata sepatj a paljingan(4804戶)
|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng

(郵政編碼)
|963
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq  a  sihu/sasusuan na umaq a vecik(戶政資料代碼)
|10014090
|-
|tjuljivaran nua guan(毗鄰)
|valangaw、beinan、jinfeng、daren、dawu

(台東市、卑南鄉、金峰鄉、達仁鄉、大武鄉)
|}


Taimali（太麻里鄉）

Taimali gu icuwa i Taitung. ala atjunangn mapuljat 102.29&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang    4.53&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 57.38&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 7,128 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 2,979 a daceneqlan, Puyuma, Amis (67%) a maqcuwa caucau.  

tjauvali

aicu a tjauvali(penaywanan: Tjavualji；’inamizukan: Tjavualji；kai na taiwan: Thài-mâ-lí-hiong；kai na客家語四縣腔：tai maˇ liˊ hiongˊ）i pasakacedas a navalj tua taitu tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]], nakidekes tua seputuma、valangaw, a i tjaikacedas mavan a taipingyan, a i tjaikaledep mavananga a jinfeng, a i pasakaledep a navalj mavananga a i daren, a i pasanavalj izua a sedawu.

Nakitangez tua gadu i vecekadan tua taiwan, izuazua a lizuk namaka ljeveljevek, izuazua a liyaw a gadu, a tjaljavavavavavan a gadu izua a kuzulj katu sepatj a iday a pasavavaw.(2000公尺), azua a kina'adavan namasanmaculjuculju a kinavaliyan imaza(氣候上屬熱帶季風氣候。)

a caucau i tjauvali, izua tjuruvu(2/3) a [[Pairang|pairang]]（閩南人、客家人、外省人）kata [[kacalisian|kasalisiyan]] (1/3), izua a amizuku, drekay, [[Paiwan|paiwan]], ruqivu tiamadju a sipenaywanan ata kai na amizuku.

nu 2000 a cavilj, izua a sikivangavangan a “千禧迎曙光活動”, pungadan tua tjauvali, qaw izua a “日升之鄉”a ngadan auta.


==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 9 qinaljan i Taimali. matja 13 qinaljan imaza, Lupakatj（魯巴卡茲部落）, Tjavualji（大麻里部落）, Kiring（給陵部落）, Tjatjigel（喳其格勒部落）, Anasolay（荒野部落）, [[tjavuqel|Davugele]]（大武窟部落）, Takidis（德其里部落）, Padrangigrang（溫泉部落）, Calavi（查拉密部落）, Kanadun（金崙部落）Sasaljak（沙薩拉克部落）, Lalauran（拉勞蘭部落）, Cilalongay（吉拉龍噯部落）.


==likisi==

kasicuayanga a ngadan na aicu a tjavuali a “tjavualji”(大貓貍)，mavan a “pazarezar a qadaw tua culj a katjunangan” a siniaya i paiwan a kai. izuazua a ngadan a “大貓貍、大麻里” a vinecikan na ciukuk.

nu 1920 a cavilj, papungadan taicu a guan a “太麻里”, qaw inumalj nua sihu a ngadan a “太麻里庄”, se台東廳台東郡. nu pakavilji a masanmusalj a makaqeci sekacawan, inumalj a ngadan a “台東縣太麻里鄉” patjetucu.

==zuku==

izuazua a tjuruvu a zuku i tjavuali, izua a [[Paiwan|paiwan]] zuku (排灣族), amizuku(阿美族), drekai(魯凱族).


izuazua a tjuruvu a zuku i tjavuali, izua a paiwanzuku、amizuku、drekai、外省人、閩南人kata客家人。

aicu a paiwanzuku imaza, mavan a paqaroqaro(巴卡羅群)、a sepaqaluqalu. avan a 大王部落a kava、kakudanan niamadju, nasetevelj ta puyuma kata amizuku.

==caucau==

i tjavuali a caucau, tjuruvu(2/3) a pairang, izau zuma a kaimaza a caucau. a kinavadavadayan nua kaimaza a caucau, savid ta大王、北里、香蘭、金崙、多良kata德其里.qaw, aicu a paiwan zuku, kinavadavaday i 大王村、新香蘭村、金崙村kata多良村。aicu a amizuku, kinavadavaday i荒野、舊香蘭kata德其里.

== kivangavangan ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
TRA Taimali Station.jpg|
台東縣太麻里鄉 太麻里市區 - panoramio.jpg|
Taiwan 2009 Self Proclaimed White Sand Bay at TaiMaLi County FRD 8053.jpg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==sipacacikelan==

===palidring a djalan===
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW9.png|23px]] sikamasansivalj a palidring a djalan na taiwan
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW11.png|23px]] sikamasansimuluq saka ita a palidring a djalan na taiwan

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>exam4r8qrntwz0rx1tspf88iwbxgnv4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taitu king</title>
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| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''taituking'''

台東縣
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Taitung County Montage.png|center|230px]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Taiwan ROC political division map Taitung County.svg|thumb|center|taituking imaza(qudjidji a pinakeljang)]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|taiwan
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|valangaw
|-
|sepaljavak
|ita hici, drusa ceng kata puluq sa tjelu a qinaljan
|-
|lemingdjelj kata cavilj
|台灣府卑南廳taiwanvu binan ting (1875 a cavilj)
福建台灣省臺東直隸州vutjansen taiwansen taitu zilizu (1887 a cavilj)

臺東廳taituting(1887 a cavilj)

臺東縣 taituking (1946 a cavilj)
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
|
-饒慶鈴(pacun ta kinciu na taituking)

-taitu kingsihu

-taituking gikai

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan
|3515.2526km²
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|alu taiday a maru vavavan tadjekuacan (800&amp;nbsp;m)
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na caucau

-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-mavalidan
|
-drusa puluq sa ita kudrav sa sepatj kuzulj sa siva taiday sa alu puluq sa tjelu a caucau(214,983)(2021 a cavilj kata drusa a qiljas)

-masansimuluq sa siva

-unem puluq sa ita a caucau/km² (61.16/km²)
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10014
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|[[Kalinku king|kalingu king]], [[Qakaw king|akaw king]], takaw king
|}

taituking (pinaywanan：valangaw；pinairangan：Tâi-tang-kuān；nginaingayngan：Thòi-tûng-yen）avan angata ca king nua i taiwan. imaza i pasakacedas a navalj tua taiwan, izua tu 3515.2526 km² a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan. a qacavan masantjelulj a king i [[Taiwan|taiwan]] tja kedri ta i [[Kalinku king|kalingu]] katua nantu (南投). aza [[Taitung|taitu hichi]] avan tjalja tjuruvuan a caucau i pasakacedas i taituking. ljakua malua a caucau ika napapamapamaw a kinaqepu, aza mareka caucau sedjelja i [[Taitung|taitu hichi]], aicu i taituking a kadjunangan pasamaza tua peihuikuisiyen a navalj, a i tjaikacedas mavan a taipingyan (ljavek a viliping), a i navalj katua i kaledep mavan anga a ljaviljaving a gadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan kata [[Qakaw king|akaw]], takau uta. i viri nakidjekec tua [[Kalinku king|kalingu]] , izua liaw tjinaula na sicuayan a nemanga.

taituking imaza a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledev. lja aicu i imaza nakitangez tua gadu kata pasacemedas nakicevung ta ljavek, avan sinan pazangal a racev saka liaw a ika kinapalak laulju a kadjunangan. ljaki ginitjegit drinasy a ciqaw kudamunu a qamuljumulju, ucia, pangudralj, kingtjang katua yulizu, na masan tjalja pungadangadan i taiwan.

aza pakata zuku imaza, izua tjaisangasan a kacalisian angata, au aza zuma sikataqaljan avan angata aza i tu taiday sa lima puluq a cavilj naza patjavat a mamaza a mareka aljak anga. aza tjalja sangasangasan a pairang kemasi vudjan(福建) i ciuku, ka kumintang sihu sekaumalj kemasi ciuku sema i taihuk, izua sivitai kata tacemekeljan niamadju semanumaq ta kakaizuanan na gaisiuzing a qinaljan sa paseqeljing. saka izua a namaluyuc kemasi kaledep sekaumalj pinitjay vililjan a baci (八七) a zinaljuman (ka 1959 a cavilj). au izua ngaingai a kaizua kemasi ljudiw(六堆) i akaw. ayatua aravac a zukuan imaza maqepuqepu, tucu taituking masan temalidu aravac a kakudanan a siakai.

pakata siakai a kinsic tjapacunan, temalem a sinan pazangal nua i taituking.&lt;ref&gt;五年來. 2018-09 [2020-06-27]. （原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20190502102845/https://win.dgbas.gov.tw/fies/doc/report/%E4%BA%94%E5%B9%B4%E4%BE%86.doc%7C 存檔]於2019-05-02）.&lt;/ref&gt; aza sikilacevan tjalja kerivan tauta za kinaikacauan a nasi tjalja rikitjan imaza i taiwan, aicu a kiningkiu, sualapen a nakuyangata a kinaizuanan a kadjunangan, avan za pakata tima nadjemadjase a kanri nucu a qinaljan a tjalja qacavan a pacugan, avan nu ika mirazek setjauvililj tua maljeqaljan. djalepan namaitucu, ljakua situcutucuan a cavilj kisamulja a sihu paljazua ta remayurangan kinsic, aicu sinivarung a sengesengan siqiyaw ta tjuruvu a caucau kivanvang a semamaza.

[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taitung County (before 2015).svg|thumb|taitu]]

== kadjunangan ==
taituking imaza i pasakacedas a navalj tua taiwan, izua tu 3515.2526 km² a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan. a qacavan masantjelulj a king i taiwan tja kedri ta i kalingu katua nantu. a i tjaikacedas mavan a taipingyan (ljavek a viliping), a i navalj katua i kaledep mavan anga a ljaviljaving a gadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan kata akaw, takau uta. i viri a pasaljaviljavi tua bulasanke a gadu, luntian a gadu kata ljavek a gadugauan a nakidjekec tua kalingu. maka ljaviljaving ta ljavek tu 176 km, masan tjaljaladruqan a king i taiwan.

aicu a kadjunangan imaza na masan a gadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan, kalinku a sema taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk, vudavudas a laviing pakata binan a pana, ljavek a gadugauan kata taiyun(泰源) a malikeljung a kadjunangan. izua binan pana, djipun pana, likavung [https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4022 pana], kanalun pana, tjavualji pana kata mawuku pana, au binan [https://incubator.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wt/pwn/pana pana] masan tjaljaqacavan i taituking, kemasi a gadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan i  akana binan gaduan i pasakacedasan, tu 84.35 km. seqaljudj pasa ta pitju a qinaljan. saka aicu pana a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan tu 1,603 km², avan a tjalja sipazangazangalan a sitalem tua lami.

=== pakata mirazek a hisiu ===

==== hisiu i taituking ====
[[sineqetj a vecik:The Scenery around Taitung (new) Station.JPG|thumb|right|220px|aicu a vaquan a ljaljevavavan tua kasiya.]]
aza hisiu i taituking izua canping hisiu, cesan hisiu, guansan hisiu, shikanu hisiu, luliaw hisiu, binan hisiu kata djipun hisiu. au binan hisiu avan tjaljqacavan, aza guansan hisiu masan sikamasanmusalj.

ka 1867 a cavilj, tia pepuzuku i canping guan tucu i taituking, tiamadju na lemingdjelj ta hisiu,lemakac ta na seken pana a zaljum sasi sitalem tua lami pasa a canping kata cenkung a kadjunangan. izua tu sepatj puluq sa unem a hisiu i canping mula. sedjelja i qinaljan a na kisamalaing a cukulu ta hisiu. ka 1966 a cavilj, taiwan sihu suylicy a sivarung a semananguaq tua canping hisiu. sa kemasi 1971 a cavilj mata 1974 a cavilj, pacacurucuruing a kana hisiu, au lemingdjelj ta sinitaladjan ta zaljum i suimudin(水母丁) a pana pasanavalj a qinaljan. izua a veljeng tu 25 maru tadjekuacan, aicu a zaljum a suimudin kemasi qetjung a tjayquvulj tua maruqalu a suimudin. au tjevuta i tua

masansimuluq sa ita a djalanan i taiwan, sa gemadugaduan pasa navalj a ljitaladj tua canping a pana.

ka 1878 a cavalj kemasi tjiusiw patjavat ta mamaza a caucau ti 陳和枝 kata tapuluq sa unem a caucau, kaqepui a semananguaq ta hisiu i cesan, tjemabeku ta zaljum kemasi binan a pana, avan sitalem tua lami. tucu aza hisiu pinakakudan i cesan tinevelj a drusa hiciu kata tapuluq tjaljakuljay a hisiu, saka lemingdjelj tua ita a tjabeku, penenetj tua kikay a umaq kata papapiljiq tua tjakakudralan a qacilay a puzaljuman.

aza binan hisiu avan angata tjaljaqacan a hisiu i pasakacedas i taiwan. ka 1898 a cavilj liningdjelj na dripung, au ka 1936 a cavilj mumaljem semananguaq. ka 1941 a cavilj a qemacuvung tua sengesengan, izua tjuruvu a pairang patjavat semamaza a qemuma ta kadjunangan. aza tinalem a cam a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan kemasi 600 marutarauljan mapazulju tu 2,423 marutarauljan. aza zaljum a binan hisiu kemasi binan pana, tu siva km, izua puluq sa tjelu a sevesevec a hisiu, au aza inalangan matu karuc.

ka 1899 a cavilj aza i djipun kata zinhe(建和) a sika taqaljan i lizu pasa tua likavung pana kata djipun pana, marepusaladj a lemindjelj tua hisiu masan djipun hisiu, saka ita cavilj a qinacuvungan, kemasi djipun pana a pasaviri ljavaing kilakac zaljum. pasa hung (洪) lima a tjakuljay a hisiu, au papirazeken na djipun, izua sepatj a tjaljakuljay a hisiu a sangasangasan mihe hisiu pasa djipun pana a pasanavalj ljavaing i tjavualji, au kata tjaisangas a djipun hisiu masan djipun hisiu. ljakua aicu tjaisangas a djipun hisiu pavalitan ta siqivuan tu masanmusalj mihe hisiu.

ka 1907 a cavilj, aza pirang kemasi kaledep sema pasakacedas a kemangekang, sa tjemabeku ta zaljum kemasi binan hisiu au lemindjelj lilung(里壟) hisiu, a maqati sitalem tua lami a kadjunangan izua tu tjelu puluq marutarauljan. ulja aza izua angata a pirang lukalivu kata kacalisian, kadrusanga cavilj sualapen sa pavaliten tua lilung hisiu. ka kailikuz 1915 a cavilj na ripun a djiday, aza ripun sihu patagitagilj a gindjiw kanri tua kacalisian, au meliaw a kemasi tjuzuma patjavat ta mamaza a caucau. ka 1923 a cavilj lemindjelj ta lilung dantay hisiu, ka 1941 a cavilj pavalitan ta guansan suyli qinepu. ka 1948 a cavilj lemindjelj ta guansan hisiu, semananguaq ta binan pana lja rikitj tu djaljaw a siqaljudjan. ka 1958 a cavilj qacuvungan a sengesengan, a laruqan 17&amp;nbsp;km, puluq pitju a tjakuljay a hisiu,aza inalangan matu karu pinakakudan,aza quma a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan 2,874 marutarauljan, a qacavan masanmusalj a hisiu i pasakacedas a taiwan.

kemasi 1953 a cavilj mata 1957 a cavilj lemindjelj tua shikanu hisiu, satjemabeku ta zaljum kemasi luliaw(鹿寮) pana pasa navalj ljavaing, sitalem tua lami i maka kalinku a sema taitu sevesevec a lizulizuk pasavilj. izua a naitjumalji a hisiu i shikanu avan luliaw hisiu, ulja a sitaladjan na zaljum izua za djineqis a kinapalak a munday,  sa kemasi 1970 a cavilj aza siljtaladj a zaljum kata shikanu hisiu mamaw a tjabeku. ljakua ika tjezua a zaljum imaza, aza i shikanu hisiu amin za ita tjakuljay a hisiu izuangata segaljugaljutj a zaljum, azazuma tjakuljay a hisiu a ika namakeljang, saka aza masan nemelj a tjakuljay a hisiu avan zua sinsekez, mata 1995 a cavilj mumalj semananguaq a qemacuvung tua sengesengan.

== cinalivatan ==

=== i tua uranda kata sipanya djiday ===
ka djinadjas a taiwan na uranda djiday, aza uranda dungindu(東印度) a kuba lemanda a liaw king imaza kacedasan, au 1637 a cavilj drusa qiljas sauing tu paljilji taza na djemadjas ta sengesengan a kamakama. ka 1642 a cavilj djadjasen i kacedasan, izua sividay i binan kata dakangku(大港口). ka 1644 a cavaij, dungindu a kuba lemingdjelj i binan qinaljan ta huyicy, masan kanri a kemasi kalingu kata valangaw, ljakua amin kemasi yuli a kalingu pasa tjacuqu pana i taitu.

=== cinting a djiday ===
ka dungnin a djiday( aza mincen 明鄭 sihu i pasanavlj tua taiwan) neka tjavavaw a kamakama a kanri semamaza. ka tjasangas a cintin a djiday, izua tjara puluq a qinaljan papavayan ta nanguwaq lja kisaseljan tu masan niamadju a caucau, ljakua kaivilj izua zuyikwi (朱一貴) marivu, aza cintin sihu qivu tu dikinay a matua na kacalisian a kadjunangan mata itaiday a cavilj. aicu tideq amin mapulju a pairang mabinan, kasiwtu, cenkungaw, ily kata sincen (’inamizukuan: sudadatan) a qemuljic.

lja nusekuya sana kauvu a kinakadjunangan kata ika pasu madjulu pakata varukur i ljavek. katjaisangas a 1850 a cavilj, taituking sinan ika mirazek, au amin za kemasi rusung a caucau,tja tjuruvu a caucau marekutj a vaik a makacedas a kadjunangan, mata 1874 a cavilj, izua makaqeci kata ljukiu(琉球) a sikataqalljan a rikishi, ma pavalitan aicu a munday. ka cinting sihu linlingen aza tjavavaw a kamakama ti沈葆楨 kamangetjez a ciuku vutjan (福建) a sema cemedas a qemulic ta kadjunangan, saka kemasi gadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan i pasakacedas, tucu i pasanavalj a yilanking, kalingu, taituking patje tua sinevaudjan kata i pasakacedas tua ljaviljaving a vangecul, sipavecik pabinanting pakata taiwanvu(台灣府), sa lemindjelj a ting  tucu a taitu hichi. lja pazangal a linraku pakata cing ting sihu i kaledep kata qinaljan i kacedas. saka ti 沈葆楨 seman djalan pasa kacedas a kadjunangan.

au ka izua djalan tjuruvu a caucau kemasi vutjan ljivavaw ta varukur a semamaza i valangaw, sa aicu a  bausang(寶桑) a mula avan sangasangasan a kinaizuanan nua pairang. ka 1886 a cavilj, taiwan masan a sen(省), au pavalitan a binanting tua taitucelizu (臺東直隸州), au aza 州治 lemidjelj i kalingu a ruisui qinaljan, saka za kamayan binanting lemindjelj tua zutung (州同), sa lemindjelj tua zupan(州判) i kalingu a minatu. au sini varung angata tjelu a kinapangaljan a paljavak, ljakua izua大莊rivuan (pairang kata pepu zukua rivuan a rikishi) , sa nakuyakuya pakata 州治, sa icu a 州治 avan angata pini binan.

=== ripun a djiday ===
ka 1895 a cavilj, pakata sinanpapasusuan a maguan a vecik, taiwan siveciq sasipavay ta ripun. ka pitju qiljas tjelu qadaw pasekeljang ta《地方官假官制制定件》, aicu sini varung aza i cinting sihu a vu(府) pavalitan tua king, au kata citing(支廳), saka taitucelizu ljateku masan ta citing mamaw kata citing i kaledep. au sini varung tu lemindjelj tua taituciting i tainanking. ljakua ripun sihu inika nakanri a pasakacedas a navalj kata vecekadan tua taiwan, mata alu qiljas pavalit tainan mincencebu(民政支部) taiducucansu. ka 1896 a cavilj a sepatj qiljas, ripun sihu avan zuanga kanri tua i  cemedasan a kadjunangan, au ka 1897 a cavilj unem qiljas lemindjelj a taiduciting nasetainanking, saka taitucelizu a sini varung lemindjelj tjelu a kinapangaljan a paljavak, izua binan (tucu masan taiduking ika cesan kata guansan), suiwi(tucu kemasi i pasanavalj nua sufung a guan kata cesan saka guansan), kata cilay (tucu na i kalingu pasaviri a sufung) kakudan a gimeng. ka 1898 a cavilj unem qiljas, sualapen a kakudan a gimeng. saka alu qiljas lemindjelj tua kalingu minatu cucansu, aicu kanri ta kemasi pasaviri nua ruisui qinaljan. ka 1900 a cavilj lima qiljas, au lemindjelj tua cenkungaw(tucu i cenkung, dunghe kata canping), buseke(tucu i ily kata vuli), kata binan a cucansu. ka 1901 a cavilj unem qiljas, aza binan cucansu ceviqen a zuma palangwi cucansu(tucu i tjavuali kata daibu). 

ka 1901 a cavilj tapuluq sa ita qiljas, aicu pakata qinaljan a pavaliten a sirasudjan, cucansu pavalitan tua citing. au izua kalingu minatu, buseke, cenkungaw kata palangwi masan sepatj a citing. ka 1909 a cavilj tapuluq qiljas, kalingu minatu kata buseke citing piliqen sa lemindjelj tua kalingu minatu ting. ka 1915 a cavilj, tucu i cesan, guansan kata luye guan lemindjelj tua lilungciting(里巄支廳). ka 1920 a cavij, lilungciting qepuing pasa ta taidu citing, sa cenkungaw kata palangwi citing pavalitan a ngadan tua sinkang kata daibu citing. ka 1931 a cavilj, taiduciting pakilingdjelem tua lilungciting. ka 1937 a cavilj, aza daibuciting kata taiduciting qepuing ta i taidudjin. sa lilungciting kata sinkang citing pavalitan a ngdan tu guansandjin kata sinkangdjin.

=== kapuamin a maqaqeci ===
ka 1945 a cavilj puluq qiljas 25 qadaw, tjuka minku sihu djemadjas i taihuku. ka tapuluq sa ita qiljas unem qadaw lemindjelj tua taiduking接管委會. au ka 1946 a cavilj ita qiljas tapuluq sa drusa lemindjelj tua taiduking patjeljatucu, aza guansandjin, taidudjin kata sinkangdjin pavalitan tua king. au taiducen, a pitje vililan anga a cavilj a ripun a djiday, taidudje(臺東街) qepuing ta i binanzuang(卑南庄), saka kapuamin a maqaqeci, aza binanzuang kata taidudjin a kacalisian a kadjunangan qepuing a binan qinaljan, saka taidudje pavalitan tua taiducen. ka sepatj qiljas ita qadaw, shikanu, guansan, tjavuali kata daibu a gadugaduan cineviqe a yaping, haydan, kanalun, daren masan a kacalisian a qinaljan. au unem qiljas ita qadaw, lemindjelj tua zuma kacalisian a qinaljan i tamazatu. mamaw a cavilj, aza sinkang qinaljan paljavavaven masan cenkungcen, guansan qinaljan paljavavaven masan lilungcen, dulan qinaljan pavalitan tua vavukud qinaljan. au tapuluq sa ita qiljas, kanalun qinaljan pavalitan qepuing a tjavuali, au kanalun pavalitan ngadan masan tjisan(金山). ka 1947 a cavilj, tamazatu masan lanyu aya. ka 1948 a cavilj drusa qiljas, sualapen aza tjelu a king, au a guan pavalitan masan a king. ka 1949 a cavilj tjelu qiljas, lemindjelj tua dungvungcisu(東峰區署) i lilungcen, kanri tua lima a kacalisian a qinaljan mata 1951 a cavilj sepatj qiljas qulipen. ka 1954 a cavilj, lilungcen pavalitan ta guansancen. ka 1958 a cavilj, tjisan pavalitan tua djinvung. ka 1974 a cavilj puluq qiljas, taiducen qepuing a pasa binan qinaljan masan mula. au ka 1976 a cavilj ita qiljas ita qadaw, taiducen pavalitan masan taidu hichi.

== kinapangaljan a paljavak ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|remasudj a kilalaing ta kakudan a sihu
|taitu kingsihu
|binan ting→

taitu zilizuzizu→

taitu chitingcan→

taitu tingcan→

taituking kinciu (tucu)
|-
|qinati a hulic a sihu
|taituking gikai
|
|-
|
|kinapangaljan a paljavak
|
|-
|
|hichi kidjekec a king
|[[Taitung|taitu hichi]]
|-
|
|ceng
|[[Chenggong|cenkungceng]]、[[Guanshan|guansanceng]]
|-
|
|guan
|[[Beinan|binan]]、[[Dawu|daibu]]、[[Taimali|tjavualji]]、[[Donghe|vavukud]]、[[Changbin|canping]]、

[[Luye|shikanu]]、[[Chishang|cesan]]、[[kasiwtu]]
|-
|
|na kacalisian a guan
|[[Yanping|yanping]]、[[Haiduan|hayduan]]、

[[Daren|daren]]、[[Jinfeng|djinvung]]、[[Lanyu|tamazatu]]
|}

== caucau ==
lja taituking tja kigalju a mirazek, au mavan padjengi tjaljaliaw aza na sicuacuayan a nemanemanga imaza. izua 30% a kacalisiyan, amizuku, puyuma zuku, rukai zuku, paiwan zuku kata tau zuku, avan angata tjalja tjuruvuan a kacalisian pakata king i taiwan.

izua tu drusa puluq sa ita kudraw a caucau, 60 caucau/km², avan nangata tjalja kerian a king imaza i taiwan a caucau. saka ta tjalja kerian a caucau aza kinapangaljan a paljavak a sangasangasan kata masanmusalj. aicu a caucau i taituking tjakedri ta i cangwa hici a caucau.

· tjaliaw ta puluq kudraw a caucau: taitu hici

· tapuluq kudraw mata drusa kudraw a caucau: bianan, cenkungceng, tjauvali.

· lima kuzulj mata ita kudraw a caucau: guansanceng, vavukud, cesan, shikanu, canping, daibu, tamazatu.

· tjakedri ta lima kuzulj a caucau: hayduan, kasiwtu, djinvung, yanping, daren.

caucau a mapavalitan i taiduking

· ljemeqaca：neka

· mirazek：tamazatu

· ika pasekakezeng：kasiwtu

· sisekez：neka

· mekedri：taitu hici、djinvung、cesan、binan、tjauvali、yanping

· selapay mekedri：vavukud、guansanceng、shikanu、daren、aydan、canping、cenkung、daibu

* aicu ziriu patekuteku kemasi 2021 a cavilj drusa qiljas [https://web.archive.org/web/20171216064040/http://www.ris.gov.tw/zh_TW/346 資料] {{Wayback|url=http://www.ris.gov.tw/zh_TW/346|date=20171216064040}}

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
!ngadan a
mula/cen
!pulingetjan nua
kadjunangan
&lt;small&gt;（km²）&lt;/small&gt;
!mula
!talingan
!caucau
!mapavalitan
!mavalidan a  caucau
&lt;small&gt;（caucau/km²）&lt;/small&gt;
!sasupuan na yuzeng
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|[[Taitung|valangaw]]
| align=&quot;right&quot; |109.7691
|46
|1,036
| align=&quot;right&quot; |104,668
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-91&lt;/span&gt;
|954
|950
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|[[Chenggong|cenkungcen]]
| align=&quot;right&quot; |143.9939
|8
|187
| align=&quot;right&quot; |13,498
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-9&lt;/span&gt;
|94
|961
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|[[Guanshan|guansancen]]
| align=&quot;right&quot; |58.7351
|7
|135
| align=&quot;right&quot; |8,397
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-4&lt;/span&gt;
|143
|956
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|[[Beinan|binan]]
| align=&quot;right&quot; |412.6871
|13
|301
| align=&quot;right&quot; |16,953
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;+4&lt;/span&gt;
|41
|954
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|[[Dawu|daibu]]
| align=&quot;right&quot; |69.1454
|5
|97
| align=&quot;right&quot; |5,703
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-9&lt;/span&gt;
|82
|965
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|[[Taimali|tjauvali]]
| align=&quot;right&quot; |96.6523
|9
|143
| align=&quot;right&quot; |10,912
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;+4&lt;/span&gt;
|113
|963
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|[[Donghe|vavukud]]
| align=&quot;right&quot; |210.1908
|7
|220
| align=&quot;right&quot; |8,188
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-7&lt;/span&gt;
|39
|959
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|[[Changbin|canping]]
| align=&quot;right&quot; |155.1868
|6
|115
| align=&quot;right&quot; |6,897
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-8&lt;/span&gt;
|44
|962
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|[[Luye|shikanu]]
| align=&quot;right&quot; |89.6980
|7
|97
| align=&quot;right&quot; |7,579
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-11&lt;/span&gt;
|84
|955
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|[[Chishang|cesan]]
| align=&quot;right&quot; |82.6854
|10
|125
| align=&quot;right&quot; |8,059
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-4&lt;/span&gt;
|97
|958
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|[[kasiwtu]]
| align=&quot;right&quot; |15.0919
|3
|42
| align=&quot;right&quot; |4,043
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;+14&lt;/span&gt;
|268
|951
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|[[Yanping|yanping]]
| align=&quot;right&quot; |455.8805
|5
|43
| align=&quot;right&quot; |3,565
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:blue;&quot;&gt;+14&lt;/span&gt;
|8
|953
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|[[Haiduan|hayduan]]
| align=&quot;right&quot; |880.0382
|6
|41
| align=&quot;right&quot; |4,110
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-2&lt;/span&gt;
|5
|957
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|[[Daren|daren]]
| align=&quot;right&quot; |306.4454
|6
|56
| align=&quot;right&quot; |3,486
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-7&lt;/span&gt;
|11
|966
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|[[Jinfeng|djinvung]]
| align=&quot;right&quot; |380.6635
|5
|36
| align=&quot;right&quot; |3,690
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-7&lt;/span&gt;
|10
|964
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|[[Lanyu|tamazatu]]
| align=&quot;right&quot; |48.3892
|4
|38
| align=&quot;right&quot; |5,235
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;-7&lt;/span&gt;
|108
|952
|- align=&quot;center&quot;
|'''taituking'''
| align=&quot;right&quot; |3,515.2526
|147
|2,712
| align=&quot;right&quot; |214,983
|&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;'''-130'''&lt;/span&gt;
|61
|
|}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1960
|drusa puluq kudrav sa alu a kuzulj sa drusaiday sa pitju puluq sa drusa a caucau (208,272 a caucau)
|—
|-
|1966
|drusa puluq sa unem kudrav sa pitju a kuzulj sa tjelu a taiday sa tjelu puluq sa unem a caucau (267,336 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+28.4%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1970
|drusa puluq sa siva kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa pitju a taiday sa unem puluq sa ita a caucau (291,761 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+9.1%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1975
|drusa puluq sa siva kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa itaiday sa tapuluq sa ita a caucau (291,111 a caucau)
|−0.2%
|-
|1980
|drusa puluq sa alu kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa drusaiday sa tapuluq sa alu a caucau (281,218 a caucau)
|−3.4%
|-
|1985
|drusa puluq sa pitju kudrav sa unem kuzulj sa tjelu a taiday sa alu puluq sa siva a caucau (276,389 a caucau)
|−1.7%
|-
|1990
|drusa puluq sa lima kudrav sa unem kuzulj sa alu a taiday sa tjelu a caucau (256,803 a caucau)
|−7.1%
|-
|1995
|drusa puluq sa lima kudrav sa sepatj kuzulj sa tjelu a taiday sa pitju puluq sa lima a caucau (254,375 a caucau)
|−0.9%
|-
|2000
|drusa puluq sa sepatj kudrav sa lima kuzulj sa tjelu a taiday sa tapuluq sa drusa a caucau (245,312 a caucau)
|−3.6%
|-
|2005
|drusa puluq sa tjelu kudrav sa lima kuzulj sa siva taiday sa lima puluq sa pitju a caucau (235,957 a caucau)
|−3.8%
|-
|2010
|drusa puluq sa tjelu kudrav sa unem taiday sa pitju puluq sa tjelu a caucau (230,673 a caucau)
|−2.2%
|-
|2015
|drusa puluq sa drusa kudrav sa drusa kuzulj sa sepatj taiday sa lima puluq sa drusa a caucau (222,452 a caucau)
|−3.6%
|-
|2020
|drusa puluq sa ita kudrav sa lima kuzulj sa drusa taiday sa unem puluq sa ita a caucau (215,261 a caucau)
|−3.2%
|}

== patalidu a palisian ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|palisian nua hantan
|-
|masuvaqu
|}

== sinan papaljizavan tua nemangamanga umaq ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|na sihu taitu kakudanan saseqetjan ta paridiu a sicuacuayan a nanemanga umaq
|-
|kakivangavangan kakudanan na binan
|-
|na sihu taitu sikavaljudan nanguaq umaq
|-
|taituking kacalisian sinan papaljizavan tua nemangamanga umaq
|-
|na hungye sinipapukinim ta benulu a umaq
|-
|wan an kadradrungulj kakivangavangan
|-
|taitu amizuku pakata kadjunangan kakituluwan
|-
|vavukud pakata a qamuljumulju a sengsengan kakudanan umaq
|-
|taituking pakata nanemanemanga kakituluwan umaq
|-
|gaku na kukumin a cungyung sinan papaljizavan tua nemangamanga umaq
|-
|taitu pinapebulay a paridiu a kakaizuanan
|}

== sinupuan ==
tucu i taitu izua ita daigaku, ita siumung sengsengan gaku, tapuluq a kaucung a gaku, ita gaku tinevelj kaucung kata kucung, drusa puluq sa drusa kucung a gaku kata siva puluq sa ita a kukumin a gaku.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sinupuan
|-
|daigaku
|-
|na sihu taitu daigaku
|-
|na sihu taitu siumung sengsengan gaku
|-
|kaucung a gaku
|-
|taitu kaucung a gaku
|-
|na vavayan kaucung a gaku i taitu
|-
|na pakata undu kaucung a gaku kitjeljc sihu taitu daigaku
|-
|na sihu taitu tatuluan ta pakata kemuda pavelid a sengsengan a gaku
|-
|na sihu guansan tatuluan ta pakata kuba kata paveli a sengsengan a gaku
|-
|na sihu cenkung tatuluan ta pakata kemuda pavelid katua nua paciqaw a sengsengan a gaku
|-
|tamazatu kaucung a gaku
|-
|kuzing kungdung tatuluan ta pakata kuba a sengsengan a gaku
|-
|kuzing yuren kaucung a gaku
|-
|pakisumalji kakituluwan a gaku kitjeljc sihu taidu daigaku
|}

== nasidjaravacan ==

=== kisiya a djalan ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|臺灣鐵路管理局
|taiwan kisiya kanricy
|-
|台東線
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan kemasi kalinku pasa taidu
|-
|南迴線
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i pasa navalj
|}

=== kunglu ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW9.svg|23px]]
|masansivalj a djalan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW9b.svg|23px]]
|masansivalj a yi (乙) a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW9e.svg|23px]]
|masansivalj a wu (戊) a djalanan i taiwan

kemasi caupu pasa alui
|-
|台11線
|masansimuluq sa ita a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|台11乙線
|masansimuluq sa ita a yi (乙) a djalanan i taiwan

kemasi binan pasa vukan(富岡)
|-
|台20線
|masansika drusamuluq a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|台20甲線
|masansika drusamuluq a tja(甲) djalanan i taiwan

kemasi dekaw(德高) pasa cesan(池上)
|-
|台23線
|masansika drusamuluq sa tjelu a djalanan i taiwan

kemasi vuli pasa dunghe(東河)
|-
|台26線
|masansi drusapuluq sa unem a dja	lanan i taiwan

kemasi djanau pasa tjalesu(佳樂水), kemasi djanau pasa macaren, kemasi ljupetje a navalj pasa alui
|-
|台30線
|masansika tjelumuluq a djalanan i taiwan

yucan(玉長) kunglu
|-
|縣道
|vinaciqan ta djalan
|-
|縣道194號
|itaiday siva puluq sa sepatj a vinaciqan
|-
|縣道198號
|itaiday siva puluq sa alu a vinaciqan
|}

=== basu ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|鼎東客運
|basu a ding dung
|-
|國光客運
|basu a ku kang
|-
|花蓮客運
|basu a kalingu
|-
|普悠瑪客運
|basu a puyuma
|}

=== hikuki ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|台東機場
|hikugiu i taituking
|-
|綠島機場
|hikugiu i kasiwtu
|-
|蘭嶼機場
|hikugiu i tamzatu
|}
aicu a siayaya pakata hikugiu masan ta hikugiu na caucau, au izua malji na sivitai a hikugiu, a zihang hikugiu, i pasaviri tua taidu hichi, saka tucu izua sepatj a hikugiu i taiduking, masan tjaljaliaw a hikugiu aza king i taiwan.

=== sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|富岡漁港
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a vukang
|-
|成功漁港
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a cenkung
|-
|新蘭漁港
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a sinlan
|-
|長濱漁港
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a canping
|-
|金樽漁港
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a djincun
|-
|大武漁港
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a daibu
|-
|成廣澳漁港
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a cenkungaw
|-
|烏石鼻漁港
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a wusebi
|-
|基翬漁港
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a cihui (’inamizukuan:kihaw)
|-
|開元港
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a kaiyan
|-
|綠島漁港
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a kasiwtu
|-
|石雨傘漁港
|sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a seyisan
|}
== kivangavangan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|ljaviljaving a pakacemedasan nua kuka kinakalevelevan kadjunangan:

sanyin iljavek a kivangavangan

dulan, dunghe a tjakudrang sansitay,basiandung
|-
|kalingu kata valangaw sevesevec a lizulizuk nua kuka kinakalevelevan kadjunangan :

ulivelivek papuquzipan ta dubuc a kadjunangan, hungye a ungesing, ucia kavavuan i kawtai, kakivanvangan i kuansan, cesan papuquzipan ta dubuc a kadjunangan.
|-
|kasiwtu
|-
|[[Lanyu|tamazatu]]
|-
|djipun a ungesing
|-
|caure a ungesing
|-
|djipun kuka pukasikasivan a kivanvangan
|-
|siangyan kuka pukasikasivan a kivanvangan
|-
|yansan kavakuan pakata hana kata asiw
|}

== kakipucemelan ==
aicu i taituking kemasi cuay namasan i taiwan tjalja kedrian pakata kakipucemel a kadjunangan
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
|biuing
|-
|kakipucemelan a taidu i cenkung nua wyvupu
|-
|kakipucemelan a taidu nua taipaq rungmin biuing
|-
|kakipucemelan a taidu nua taipaq rungmin biuing a malan
|-
|kakipucemelan a taidu nua taipaq rungmin biuing a senli
|-
|taidu matje biuing
|-
|guansan cechi biuing
|-
|taidu gidutjaw biuing
|-
|taidu sanmu biuing
|-
|aza tarivakan a kinaizuanan pakata saqetjuqetju kata ramaljemaljeng
|-
|guansan sensece tarivakan
|}

== sinkiw ==
aicu a pakata i taituking a sinkiw, aza nadjemadjas a centan avan nukisamalaing, sumaya ca itaitu numapavalit a kamakama maljian a nakipusengsengan a caucau, ljaki za ika kumuing angata nu mapavalit a i dukusiw a guciw, malji u tauta, aza napusalatj a sinkiu izua manguaqan a tja pacucunan.

i taitu, namaljetimalji a tadjalan, izua kemasi ta cacukingan a kisankiciqaw kata nugiu,  kata igukusiu a mareka kumuing, timazua a i likuz izua maljetimalji a kinicaingan a manguaqan. kemasi 1950 a cavilj djemulung tua sinkiu tazua, aza i taituking a sinkiw matjatjuaya wu(吳), huang(黃) tiamadju sedjelja kumintang, ljakua maqaqariw, tucuanga cavilj, aicu i taituking tjevuta tja liaw a saki puvarung tua nasihu a sengesengan.

i taituking a tadjalan a sidjiyan keming tua manguwaqan nucuayanga malji a kinisan kata zuma a sidjiyan, avan zua masan ulaimi tiamadju, au nu izua nazuma tja bulay a kinipuvarung a kinsic a munday, ika sananemaing nua nadjemadjas ta qapulu a marekatja pupicul a kamakama, sa ika kicaciul pasaladjan, au nudjemaljum ta sinkiw, sa hantai tua ika pacencen a i qinaljan, sipazulung tua tjuzuma a sidjiyan marivurivu sakamaya, ka 1970 a cavilj lja malivu a sidjiyan, aza i taitu nakisya a disiba uli patjavaten anga ta pasa kanle disiaba kata taituking kakaigiyan a kadjunangan, lja avan a nadjemadjas a sidjiyan, tiamadju a kisanmalaing tu pasa mazing nanga i yinwan.

== namakeljang a caucau ==
;rusenasenai
*[[Amit Kulilay|Kulilay Amit]] (A-mei)

*[[Samingad Puruburubuane]]

*[[Lisang Pacidal Kuyuan]] (A-Lin)

*[[Matzka]]

*[[Biung Tak-Banuaz]]
*[[aljenljeng tjaluvie]] (ABAO)
*[[Sangpuy Katatepan Mavaliyw|sangpuy]]
;ruunduundu
*[[Maysang Kalimud]]

*[[Ati Masaw]]

*[[Ngayaw Akeq]]

;kavusaman
*[[Kulas Mahengheng]]

== mareqali i gaikuku ==
{|border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;wikitable&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot;
|-----
| align =&quot;center&quot; | sazazatj&lt;br /&gt; || align=&quot;center&quot; | kuga&lt;br /&gt;
| align =&quot;center&quot; | senhun&lt;br /&gt;
| align =&quot;center&quot; | hici || align=&quot;center&quot; | cavilj&lt;br /&gt;
|-----
| 1 ||[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of USA.svg|25px]]  [[amirika]] || Iowa ||storm Lake || align=&quot;right&quot; |1983
|-----
| 2 || [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Germany.svg|25px]] deutschland || bavaria ||marktheidenfeld || align=&quot;right&quot; | 1985
|-----
| 3 || [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Korea.svg|25px]]  [[kuria]] || [[gangwun]]||sokcho|| align=&quot;right&quot; | 1992
|}</text>
      <sha1>s936vjwwxo8wuen49e2b938qn51llmc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taitung</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>90</id>
    <redirect title="valangaw" />
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      <id>3770</id>
      <parentid>3769</parentid>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Sotiale</username>
        <id>11</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>已匯入 1 筆修訂：[TEST] importing pwnwiki via a tool</comment>
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      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="22" sha1="or3mfdmd4wgq3dsglmtngg0qouuuhwn" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[valangaw]]</text>
      <sha1>or3mfdmd4wgq3dsglmtngg0qouuuhwn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taiwan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>91</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12616</id>
      <parentid>12598</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-18T05:54:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
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      <text bytes="29588" sha1="58n1f1vdrwkczblijmlrlp3rxd6a2ri" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''taiwan/taivang''' 

(zunghua minku sihu, avan zua kuga i asia) 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|[[sineqetj a vecik:Taiwan NASA Terra MODIS 23791.jpg|300px|center]]
|-
| hada tua kuga ||[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of the Republic of China.svg|50px|center]]
|-
| vinecikan tua kuga||[[sineqetj a vecik:National Emblem of the Republic of China.svg|50px|center]]
|-
|senay nua kuga||《中華民國國歌》[[sineqetj a vecik:National Flag Anthem(R.O.C).ogg|center]]
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|[[sineqetj a vecik:Taiwan (orthographic projection; southeast Asia centered).svg|center|180px]]
|-
!hici
!
|-
|sangasangasan a hici
|taipaq hici (tjaljavavavan a sihu a kaizuanan)
|-
|tjaljaqacavan a hici
|atalasi a taipaq hici
|-
! kai !!
|-
| kai na kuga || ciniukukuan, kemacalisianan, pinairangan, nginaingayngan,
semalima a kai
|-
| vecik na kuga || han (漢) a vinecikan
|-
! sihu !!
|-
| velenget || [[Tjuku Tsai|tjuku tsai]] (pacun ta velenget na zunghua minku sihu)
|-
|penudjaljedjalj a velenget
|lai cin-de (賴清德)
|-
| sihuciu || su zen-cang (蘇貞昌)
|-
| lipuinciu || yu si-kun (游錫堃) 
|-
! GDP (PPP) !!
|-
| penuljat || 14,036.63 a kaulav $ (2021 a cavilj)
|-
! kadjunangan !!
|-
| pulingetjan || 36,197.0669 km²&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150703182603/http://sowf.moi.gov.tw/stat/year/y05-17.xls], 臺灣地區面積及海岸長度 - 內政統計年報&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| pana || 10.34%
|-
| tjaljaqacaqaca a gadu || [[Kanasian]]
|-
| tjaljaqacaqaca a vacalj || [[Vc. Lalu]]
|-
! Gini &amp; HDI !!
|-
| Gini (2014) || 33.6&lt;ref&gt;[https://zh.m.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%A1%8C%E6%94%BF%E9%99%A2%E4%B8%BB%E8%A8%88%E7%B8%BD%E8%99%95], 行政院主計總處&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.stat.gov.tw/public/Data/1112116124371.pdf], 國情統計通報 (第221號)&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| HDI (2014) || 0.882&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20170811222036/http://eng.stat.gov.tw/public/data/dgbas03/bs2/gender/International%20Gender/%E4%BA%BA%E9%A1%9E%E7%99%BC%E5%B1%95%E6%8C%87%E6%95%B8.xls], 人類發展指數 (HDI)&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! caucau !!
|-
| pulingetjan || 23,568,378&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346], 人口統計資料&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| uqaljay || 11,679,669
|-
| vavayan || 11,888,709
|-
|mavalidan
|651.1 (caucau/km²)
|-
| zuku ||
* [[kacalisian]] (2%)
** [[amis]]
** [[Paiwan|vuculj]]
** [[Tayal|tayal]]
** [[Bunun|bunun]]
** kata 12 a zuku
**pinpu 
* han a setaiwan (97%)
** [[Pairang|pairang]] (70%)
** haka (15%)
** ciuku (13%)
|}

'''Taiwan''' (ciniukukuan: 台灣; pinairangan: Tâi-oân; nginaingayngan: Thòi-vàn; pinaywanan: taiwan), izuanan a zuma ngadan aza “福爾摩沙” (qivu ti sipanya &quot;Hermosa&quot; ka 1584 a [[cavilj]]) aya, mavan a qinaljan imaza i pasakacedas a asia, avan tauta a qinaljan i pasakaledep a viri a taipingyan, imaza i vecekadan a liucyu (琉球) qinaljan kata viliping qinaljan. i kaledep avan zua taiwan ljavek (台灣海峽) kata tailiku, izua tu 36,197 km² a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan. avan nu sikamasansi tjelu puluq sa alu a qinaljan i kacauan. au pimaza itua sedjelj a gadugaduan, au aza lizuk sedjelj a i pasakalep patje makaljaving ta ljavek. sa izua maretimaljimalji a kadjunangan i qinaljan. izua peihuikuisiyen pakamaza, saka mavan a 副熱帶季風氣候 i viri ta peihuikuisiyen, i navalj ta peihuikuisiyen avan cu a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledev. avan auta maretimaljimalji a kadjunangan a temalimuzav katua liaw a racev. 

Izua drusa kuzulj sa tjelu taiday a kudrav a [[caucau]], au izua paselaw ta 70 % imaza i pasakaledep a man lima a tjaqacavan a tjaljaveqeveqan. au izua tu pitju taiday a kudrav a caucau imaza i taipaq aicu a kadjunangan. saka kimaya tua [[Pairang|pairang]] kata kacalisian zuku. pakata kacalisian imaza, sedjelj a 南島 zuku tiamadju, au pakata pairang izua 閩南, haka kata ljautia aicu tjelu a zuku, saka a 閩南 zuku avan nu tjatjuruvuan a caucau nua i taiwan. 

==cili==
中華民國 zunghua minku, avan nu 民主共和制 a kuga i papamaw a lingulj i kacedas ta kacauan (asia aya itjen), mavan auta aza sangasangasan a 民主共和制a kuga i asia. kemasi 1912 a cavilj mata 1971 a cavilj tjaisangas ta kitjaula ta 聯合國, nakemeljang aicu a “中國” a timitim nua minecengan paka mareka kuga, ljakua izua tu 36,197 km² a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan. imaza i taiwan a qinaljan, penhu a qinaljan, kinmen a qinaljan imaza i ljaqedi ta vutjan sen, izuanan wucyu (烏坵) a qinaljan, liantjang a qinaljan, dungsa qinaljan (東沙群島), taipin qinaljan (太平島) kata zungsa djiaw (中洲礁). au sangasangasan a hici avan nu taipaq hici, au aza tjaljaqacavan a hici mavan a atalasi a taipaq hici. izua tu 2,360 a kudraw a caucau, sedjelj a kacalisian kata pairang. pakata kai na kuga, izua ciniukukuan, kemacalisianan, pinairangan, nginaingayngan, kai nase wucyu, kai nase mazu (馬祖) kata semalima a kai. au pakata vecik na kuga sedjelj a han (漢) a vinecikan. 

==likisi==
Puaming ta 辛亥革命, ka 1912 a cavilj icigac ita qadaw lemindjelj ta zunghua minku, masan ta sangasangasan a 民主共和a kuga nakinemekeljang aravac pakata tjuruvu a kuga i gaikuku. kemasi cinting alapen ta kadjunangan na ciuku, ka 1945 a cavilj makilu a [[Dripun|ripun]] a kadjunangan i taiwan. tazua ayatua aza sikamasanmusalj a maqaqeci kata gungcangtang (共產黨), sa ka 1949 a cavilj aza kumintang sihu patjavat imaza i taiwan. au izua kuria a maqaqeci (1950-1953) sa azua amirika a sivitay mangetjez imaza i taiwan, sa ka 1954 a cavilj, izua sinanpapasusuan a “中美共同防禦條約” aicu a vecik kata amirika.

Ka 1991 a cavilj gugac ici qadav, aza cungtung ti li den-huy sualapen ta “動員戡亂時期臨時條款”, imi na semkez ta maqaqeci kata gungcangtang. ayatua pavalitan ta paljavak tua kadjunangan sa dungsa qinaljan kata nansa qinaljan sipavecik pasa tua takaw hici, tucu izua drusa a sen, unem a zesiase (taipaq hici, atalasi a taipaq hici, tawyen, taizung, tainan kata takaw) kimaya ta 22 a vineqeveqan nua simicengan. 

==papungadan==
Pakata “臺灣” aicu a sinipapungadan kemasi izua aicu a nase silaya zuku a qinaljan imaza i pasanavalj a taiwan qivu ta “ tayouan” (台窩灣社), aicu a kadjunangan avan angata imaza i detdet tua tainan anpin cy, au izuanan a zuma tjaucikel tua kemasi aza dawulung zuku a “taiwuwang” (台窩灣社) a qinaljan. sa aza uranda qivu ta aicu a ngadan au sivecikan tua “teyoan”, “taioan”, “teyouvan”, “tayouan”, “taiyouan” kata “taiyouhan”. au aza pairang sivecikan pasa ciniukukuan tua “大員” (Tāi-uân)」, “大苑” (Tāi-uán), “臺員” (Tâi-uân), “大灣” (Tāi-uân), kata “臺窩灣 (Tâi-o-uân)”. au mata cinting a djiday, na sikeljangan aicu a “臺灣” patje tucu.

Kasicuayan pimaza i taiwan avan a kacalisian a kakaizuanan, ljakua mata tu 1850 a cavilj, tjaljazua caucau namangetjez imaza kemasi ciuku, napapucekelj tiamadju kata pinpuzuku, saka aicu han zuku kitjauvalit tua kacalisian, masan ta tjatjuruvuan a zuku i taiwan. pakata paqulid a vecikan patje tucu, aza cinalivatan izua dadu (大肚王國), uranda kata sipanya a djiday (荷西時期), mincen a djiday (明鄭時期), cinting a djiday (清治時期) kata ripun a djiday (日治時期), au ka 1945 a cavilj 10 qiljas puamin ta maqaqeci maumalj pavalitan tua kumin sihu sa kanri. ka 1949 a cavilj, azua kumintang patjavat i taiwan, sa tucu aicu a taiwan a kadjunangan masan ta zunghua minku sihu na paljavak patjeljatucu.   

Kemasi 1860 a cavilj, pimaza i taiwan patagilj mirazek tua mareka minatu, au mata ripun a djiday izua liaw a vaquan a sengesengan, ka mingku sihu patjavat imaza kata pusaladj a amirika auta. ka 1960 a cavilj, izua maumalj aravac pakata kinsic kata siakai imaza, izua nanguaq a ligu, namasan ta “亞洲四小龍” i aisa. ka 1990 a caviljan, taiwan mavan a tjalja mirazek a kuga patjelja tucu. avan sika pimaza i taiwan izuanga mirazek a manalang a sengsengan kata maretimaljimalji a keci a sengsengan. pakata siubay imaza, kimaya tua keci a sengsengan, avan sika kipaisu itjen kemasi i gaikuku, kumalji sinan pazangal itua keci a sengsengan kata siubay tucu, izuanan bunka a sengsengan kata kakivangavangan a sengsengan.   

Avan sika izua maretimaljimalji a caucau patjavat imaza, sa izuanan maretimaljimalji a tja vinarungan a sikataqaljan. 

== kinapangaljan a paljavak ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;7&quot; |tucu a vineqeveqan nua simicengan i taiwan
|-
!vineqeveqan a lizuk/zesiase (6)
! colspan=&quot;6&quot; |sen (2)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;3&quot; |taipaq hici (北)
atalasi a taipaq hici

(新北)

tawyen (桃)

taizung (中)

tainan (南)

takaw (高)
| colspan=&quot;5&quot; |taiwan sen (臺)
|vutjan sen (閩)
|-
!tjaveqeve (3)
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |tjaljaveqeveqan/king (13)
|-
|cylung (基)
sinzu (竹市)

ciayi (嘉市)
|sinzu (竹縣)
miawli (苗)

zanghua (彰)
|nantu (投)
yunlin (雲)

cyayi (嘉縣)
|[[Qakaw king|akaw]] (屏)
yilan (宜)

[[Kalinku king|kalingu]] (花)
|[[Taitu king|taitu]] (東)
penhu (澎)
|kinmen (金)
liantjang (馬)
|-
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |cy kidjekec a hici (164), nakacalisian a cy (6)
! colspan=&quot;5&quot; |hichi kidjekec a king (14), cen (38), guan (122), nakacalisian a guan (24)
|}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|djiday
|kamakama
|kinapangaljan a paljavak
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |minzen 
|zen cen-kung 
(鄭成功)
|izua 1 vu (承天府), 2 king (天興縣 kata 萬年縣), 1se (澎湖安撫司)
|-
|zen tjin (鄭經)
|izua 1 vu (承天府), 2 zu (天興州 kata 萬年州), 3 se (澎湖安撫司, 南路安撫司 kata 北路安撫司)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;5&quot; |cinting
|kang si huangti (康熙帝)
|izua 1 vu (臺灣府), 3 king (鳳山縣, 臺灣縣 kata 諸羅縣)
|-
|yung zen huangti (雍正帝)
|izua 1 vu (臺灣府), 4 king (鳳山縣, 臺灣縣, 諸羅縣 kata 彰化縣), 2 ting (淡水廳 kata 澎湖廳)
|-
|tja cin huangti (嘉慶帝)
|izua 1 vu (臺灣府), 4 king (鳳山縣, 臺灣縣, 嘉義縣 kata 彰化縣), 3 ting (淡水廳, 澎湖廳 kata 噶瑪蘭廳)
|-
|kuang shu huangti (光緒帝)
|izua 2 vu (臺灣府 kata 臺北府), 8 king (淡水縣, 宜蘭縣, 新竹縣, 鳳山縣, 臺灣縣, 嘉義縣, 彰化縣, kata 恆春縣), 4 ting (澎湖廳, 基隆廳, 埔裏社廳 kata 卑南廳)
|-
|kuang shu huangti (光緒帝) (masan ta taiwan sen anga)
|izua 3 vu (臺北府, 臺灣府 kata 臺南府), 1 zelizu (臺東直隸州), 11 king (淡水縣, 宜蘭縣, 新竹縣, 苗栗縣, 鳳山縣, 臺灣縣, 嘉義縣, 雲林縣, 安平縣, 彰化縣 kata恆春縣), 3 ting (澎湖廳, 基隆廳 kata 埔裏社廳)
|-
| rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |ripun
|min ze huangti 明治天皇 (kanri pakata king)
|izua 3 king (臺北縣, 臺中縣 kata 臺南縣), 4 ting (宜蘭廳, 臺東廳, 澎湖廳 kata 恆春廳)
|-
|min ze huangti 明治天皇

(kanri pakata ting)

|izua 20 ting (臺北廳, 基隆廳, 深坑廳, 宜蘭廳, 桃仔園廳, 新竹廳, 苗栗廳, 臺中廳, 彰化廳, 南投廳, 斗六廳, 嘉義廳, 鹽水港廳, 臺南廳, 鳳山廳, 蕃薯藔廳, 阿猴廳, 恆春廳, 臺東廳 kata 澎湖廳)
|-
|min ze huangti 明治天皇

(sualapen ta ting)
|izua 12 ting (臺北廳, 宜蘭廳, 桃園廳, 新竹廳, 臺中廳, 南投廳, 嘉義廳, 臺南廳, 阿緱廳, 臺東廳, 花蓮港廳 kata 澎湖廳)
|-
|da zen kata zaw he 大正天皇, 昭和天皇 (kanri pakata zu/ting)
|izua 5 zu (臺北州, 新竹州, 臺中州, 臺南州 kata 高雄州), 3 ting (花蓮港廳, 臺東廳 kata 澎湖廳)
|-
|tjaivililjanga ta maqaqeci
|zunghua minku
|6 zesiase (臺北市, 新北市, 桃園市, 臺中市, 臺南市 kata 高雄市), 3 tjaveqeve (基隆市, 新竹市 kata 嘉義市), 11 king
|}
[[sineqetj a vecik:Subdivision types of the Republic of China (2014).svg|thumb|right|250px|Taiwan]]

== kadjunangan ==
Tucu a 99% kadjunangan na zunghua minku sihu avan zua i taiwan a qinaljan kata 1% zuma kedri a qinaljan ljededet. sa izua tu 36,197 km² a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan. a i kaledep mavan a taiwan ljavek (台灣海峽), a i viri avan zua dunghai (東海), a i tjaikacedas mavan a taipingyan (ljavek a viliping), a i navalj avan zua lusung ljavek (呂宋海峽), a i keledep a navalj mavan a nanhai (南海). maka ljaviljaving kemasi viri patje navalj tu 400 km, a tjaljalavan kimaya 145km a tjeza. au izua anan i pasakaledep a viri a penhu a qinaljan, izua kimen a qinaljan, wucyu (烏坵), mazu (liantjang) ljaqeti ta ciuku a kadjunangan. izua dungsa qinaljan (東沙群島), zungsa qinaljan (中沙群島) kata nansa qinaljan (南沙群島) na sepulingetj i nanhai ljavek, ljakua neka nu sikataqaljan imaza. 

A kinalangan nua kadjunangan matu vurasi, izua gadugaduan, calisi, likeljukeljung, lizulizk kata 台地. 

== kalevelevan ==

== siqivuan ==
Ka uranda a djiday, qivu ta “Tayouan” aya, au ka mincen djiday sualapen ta “Tayouan” aicu a siqivuan, sa pavalitan ta “東都”（ti kamakama 鄭成功), “東寧” (ti kamakama 鄭經). katjaivililj, aza cinting sihu lemingdjelj ta “vu” sa qivu ta “taiwan” siayaya. izuanan liaw a siqivuan “寶島”, “鯤島”, “蓬萊”, “福爾摩沙”, “福摩薩” kata “高砂國”. 

Ayatua pimaza i taiwan izua tja liaw a racev, avan sika izuanan “寶島” aicu a siqivuan. pakata imaza i sicuayan a sunatj a《山海經》, venecik ta taiwan avan zua “海上神山仙島蓬萊” kata “瀛洲” aicu a bulay a ngadan. au ayatua izua lizuk a kadjunangan, avan sika izuanan “鯤島” aya tjaucikel.    

Aza ripun kasicuayan qivu taiwan ta “高砂”, “高砂國” kata “高山國” siayaya. kemasi tua “打狗山” a ljingav au pavalitan tua “高砂 Takasago” aya. pacun ta venecikan i《異國渡海御朱印帳》aicu a sunatj tucu pimaza i ripun a 京都金地院, izuanga mamaw a qivu “タカサゴ Takasago” aicu avan nu kai na ripun a 片假名 a vecik.    

Aza sicuayan a kuria qivu taiwan ta “大樊”, kai na kuria venecik ta “대번”, “daebeon” aya, avan angata kemasi “大員” aicu a han a vecik.    

Tucu nu venecik ta han a vecik a taiwan, avan zua “臺灣”, amin a sivecikan ta “臺” i kubung kata官方國書, ljakua makaya i sinbung kata timitja a taqaljaqaljan venecik ta “台”.     

Ka 1905 a cavilj, lemindjelj ta 中國同盟會 i ripun tukiyu (東京), tazua a palaingan qivu ta “驅除韃虜, 恢復中華, 創立民國, 平均地權”. tjaivililj a cavilj, ti 孫中山 i kaigigi mapaqulid ta kuga a ngadan avan nu “中華民國” aya. au aicu a “民” a vecik kicuacual tua rishi (瑞士) kata amirika aicu drusa a kuga mavan a “民權制度”, imi ta sinan pazangal aza taqaljaqaljan italadj tua kuga. 

Au kemai zunghua minku lemindjeljanga, izua anan “中國” kata “華” aicu a siqivuan. kumalji ka 1949 a cavilj aza zunghua minku sihu lja zua maqaqeci kata 共產黨 italadj i ciuku, sa patjavat ta sihu imaza i taipaq patjetucu. ljakua mata vaik imaza i kacauan ti ciang djin-ku cungtung, tja zunghua minku sihu qivu anan itjen “中國”, “自由中國” aya. saka inika gemaugaw aicu a “中華人民共和國” mavan a paqulid a kuga, siqivu ta kadjunangnan i ciuku avan zua “大陸地區” kata “大陸淪陷區”. au tja zunghua minku sihu qivu ta titjen nadjemadjas tua kadjunangan avan nu “臺閩地區”, “臺灣地區” kata “自由地區” ayain.   

Kemasi tua aza taqaljaqaljan i taiwan maqati itjen a sinkiu, lja zua inika mamaw a puqenetjan pakata siqivuan, sa aicu a 總統候選人nase kumintang qivu ta timitim nua minecengan i ciuku avan nu “中國大陸”, “北京當局” kata “大陸”, au qivu tiamadju avan nu “zunghua minku”. sa aicu a 總統候選人 nase mindjintang qivu ta timitim nua minecengan i ciuku avan nu “北京當局”, “中國大陸” kata “中國”, au qivu tiamadju avan nu “zunghua minku”, “zunghua minku (taiwan)” kata “taiwan” aya. katjaisangas ta 1990 a caviljan, qivu itjen ta “中國”, au pavalitan tu qivu ta “臺灣”. au tucu imaza aza sihu kata 民間 siqivu ta “台灣” aicu drusa vecik kitauvalit tua zunghua minku, saka vinecikan tua “台” sinan pukeljang i gaikuku.   

Pimaza i gaikuku, pitjaivililj a 1949 a cavilj, siqivu ta zunghua minku avan nu “國府中國”, “自由中國” kata “民主中國” ljakua kemasi 1971 a cavilj, amin kedrikedri anga a kuga lemindjelj ta kapacacapilj a minecengan kata zunghua minku sihu. saka ayatua “中華人民共和國 (tucu i ciuku a sihu)” kata gaikuku a hulic a ikiw, sa pimaza izua mareka siqivuan tua taiwan i gaiakuku, katjaivililj a 1984 a cavilj i qaca a undukai kata 世衛組織 qivu ta “中華臺北”, au i 世界貿易組織 qivu ta “臺澎金馬個別關稅領域” siayaya. 

==sihu kata minecengan==

=== Velenget a zunghua minku sihu ===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; | style=&quot;margin: 0px&quot; |
!sazazatj|| siasing||ngadan ||izuanan malji pakeljang
|-
|14-15||[[sineqetj a vecik:蔡英文官方元首肖像照.png|80px]]||cay yin-wen
[[Tjuku Tsai|ti tjuku]]
|tucu
|-
|12-13||[[sineqetj a vecik:中華民國第12、13任總統馬英九先生官方肖像照.jpg|80px]]||ma yin-ju||
|-
|10-11||[[sineqetj a vecik:Presiden5a (cropped).jpg|80px]]||cen suy-bian||
|-
|7-9||[[sineqetj a vecik:總統李登輝先生玉照 (國民大會實錄).jpg|80px]]||li den-huy||
|-
|6-7||[[sineqetj a vecik:Portrait of Chiang Ching-kuo.jpg|80px]]||ciang djin-ku||
|-
|5 ||[[sineqetj a vecik:President03-large.png|80px]]||yen cia-kan||sevalitan ti ciang zung zen
|-
|1-5 ||[[sineqetj a vecik:蔣中正肖像(上色).jpg|80px]]||ciang zung-zen||
|-
|}

== hulic ==


==kacalisian==
aicu amizuku na sepaljavak tai akav, taitu, kalinku king, avan
nu tjalja tjuruvuan tjanuitjen a kacilisian i taiwan.

==cinalivatan==
kasicuacuayan pimaza itua lima kudrav a cavilj mata ita kudrav a cavilj, izuanga caucau imaza i taiwan, pakata kinkiw aza “澎湖原人” (aza sikataqaljan i penhu) pimaza i “澎湖水道”, izuanga 45 a kudrav a cavilj mata 19 a kudrav a cavilj. au pakata 南島 zuku a cinalivatan imaza, izua cangbin a kakudanan i valangaw (長濱文化), wangsin a kakudanan i miawli (網形文化) kata zuzen a caucau (左鎮人) i tainan, katjaivililj izua davenken a kakudanan (大坌坑文化), yuansan a kakudanan i taipaq (圓山文化), ingpu a kakudanan (營埔文化), binan a kakudanan i valangaw (臺卑南文化) kata sesanhang a kakudanan i taipaq (十三行文化). au izuanan aicu a nase malay-bulinisiyayu a zuku (馬來-玻里尼西亞語族) avan angata pimaza i taiwan qinaljan katjaisangas a 1400 a cavilj. aicu a kacalisian na paqaqarut i penuljat a kadjunangan, nase 南島 a kai(語系). 

=== uranda a djiday ===
Aicu a uranda a djiday avan zua kemasi 1624 a cavilj mata 1662 a cavilj, tuazua tiamadju mangetjez pasa imaza i tainan dayuan (大員 tucu i tainan anpin), au vinilade ni 鄭成功, saka izua 38 a cavilj tiamadju imaza i taiwan.  

=== sipanya a djiday ===
Aicu a sipanya a sivitai na mangetjez pasa maza i 三貂角 kemasi 1626 a cavilj mata 1642 a cavilj, au vinilade ni uranda a sivitay, saka izua 16 a cavilj tiamadju i taiwan.  

=== minzen a djiday ===
Aicu ti 鄭成功 kacuin ta sivitai na mangetjez imaza i taiwan ka 1662 a cavilj mata 1683 a cavilj. masan ta sangasangasan a pairang a minecengan i taiwan.  

=== citing a djiday ===

* kemasi 1683 mata 1858 a cavilj 

Aicu a cinting a sivitai ti 施琅 na djemadjas taiwan ka 1683 a cavilj mata 1895 a cavilj. ljakua inika minicen a penuljat a kadjunangnan i taiwan.   

[[nu sesingvaudjan a tjaucikel| nu sesingvaudjan a sisecevung]]   

* kemasi 1858 mata 1895 a cavilj 

=== ripun a djiday ===

* 始政時期 kemasi 1895 mata 1918 a cavilj 
* 內地延長主義時期 kemai 1918 mata 1937 a cavilj 
* 皇民化運動時期 kemasi 1937 mata 1945 a cavilj 

=== kimin sihu a djiday ===

==zuku==

===kacalisian ===
Pakata [[kacalisian]] i taiwan izua tapuluq sa unem a kazukuan patje tucu.

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size: 85%&quot;&gt;
{|| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! kazukuan !! kangadanan !! kai na zuku !! sepaljavak !! caucau
|-
| [[Amiszuku]]|| Pangcah || [[Pinangcahan]]|| [[Qakaw king|Qakaw]], [[Taitu king|Taitu]], [[Kalinku king]] ||205,718
|-
| [[Paiwan]]zuku || Payuan || [[Pinayuanan]]|| [[Qakaw king|Qakaw]], [[Taitu king]] || 98,741
|-
| [[Tayaruzuku]]|| Tayal || [[Tinayalan]]|| [[Taihuku]], [[Tuing]], [[Taiciu]] katua [[Gilan king]]|| 88,050
|-
| [[Bunun]]zuku || Bunun || [[Binununan]]|| [[Taiciu]], [[Takau]], [[Taitu king|Taitu]], [[Kalinku king|Kalinku]] [[king]]|| 57,334
|-
| [[Puyumazuku]]|| Pinuyumayan || [[Pinyuman]]|| [[Taitu king]] ||13,803
|-
| [[Rekaizuku]]|| Rukai || [[Rinekaian]]|| [[Takaw]], [[Qakaw king|Qakaw]] kata i [[Taitu king|Taitu]] [[king]]||13,107
|-
| [[Cuzuku]]|| Cou || [[Cinuan]]|| [[Kagi]] katua [[Takau]] [[king]] (ljakua tjalja tjuruvuan i [[Gd. Ali]]) ||6,607	
|-
| [[Saisiazuku]]|| SaiSiyat || [[Sinaisian]]|| [[Miauli king]] ||6,521
|-
| [[Tauzuku]]|| Tao || [[Tinauan]]|| [[Taitu king]] (nasepataita imaza i [[Lanyi]]) ||4,528
|-
| [[Sauzuku]]|| Thao || [[Sinauan]]|| [[Nantu king]] (nasepataita imaza i [[Vc. Lalu]]) ||777
|-
| [[Kavalanzuku]]|| Kavalan || [[Kinavalanan]]|| [[Kalinku king]] ||1,433
|-
| [[Tarukuzuku]]|| Truku || [[Tinarukuan]]|| [[Kalinku king]] ||30,772
|-
| [[Sakizayazuku]]||Sakizaya || [[Sinakizayan]]|| [[Kalinku king]] ||872
|-
| [[Sezikezuku]]|| Seediq || [[Sinezikean]]|| [[Nantu king]] (imaza i [[Musia ]] manaciusin niamadju) ||9,641
|-
| [[Halaaluazuku]]|| Hla'alua || [[Hinalaaluan]]|| [[Takav king]]||353
|-
| [[Kanakanavuzuku]]|| Kanakanavu || [[Kinanavun]]|| [[Takav king]]||312
|}
&lt;/div&gt;

===Han zuku a seTaiwan ===
Han zuku a se [[Taiwan]] aya ta Paiwan tua kemasi [[Tailiku]] a mareka caucau. aicu [[Pairang]] kazuku mavan nu tjaljatjuruvuan na Han zuku a seTaiwan. [[Kilang]] zuku mavan nu sipasanmusalj tua tjuruvuan nua caucau.
* [[Pairang]] (70%)
* [[Kilang]] (15%)
* [[Ljautia]] (13%)

== caucau ==
Tucu imaza i taiwan izua 23,239,656 a caucau (2021 a cavilj lukugacu a ziriu), sedjelj a lima a zuku, pairang, haka, ljautjia, kacalisian kata vaquan a caucau patjavat imaza aicu a “新住民” nua aya. au aza kacalisian imaza i taiwan paselaw tu alu a kuzulj a cavilj kimaya tua 2.36% (554,585 a caucau), avan sika tjatjuruvu a pairang. pakata pairang izua “閩南” (65.5% - 70.5%) kata haka (17.5% - 23.5%). au aicu a gaisiuzing mavan a kemasi 1945 mata 1949 a cavilj kemasi tailiku kata minku sihu patjavat semamaza a caucau. ljuka tucu, ayatua na maqepuqepu imaza i kakaizuanan, avan sika inika madjulu itjen a sikeljang. aicu a haka zuku paqaqarut imaza i pasaviri tua taiwan, avan a i taipaq, atalasi a taipaq, tawyen, sinzu king, miawli king, izuanan imaza i vecekadan tua taiwan, mavan ljaicu i nantu king, taizung, au kata imaza i pasanavalj tua taiwan, avan zua i takaw, liudui (六堆) i akaw, kata paqaqarut i pasakacedas tua kalingu sema taitu sevesevecan a lizulizuk a kadjunangan. au imaza i yilan king, zanghua guan kata yunlin guan, ciayi kata tainan imaza i calisi a kadjunangan. au pakata pairang zuku a kaizuanan, mavan a paqaqarut imaza i penuljat a kadjunangan. ayatua aicu tja gindjiw a “渡臺禁令” a tjinuicu ka 1684 a cavilj, aza pairang inika maqati a paqatenleng a patjavat imaza i taiwan, ljakua ka 1788 a cavilj tazua, aicu a tjinuicu mumalj anga, avan sika tjatjuruvu ta pairang a kata tacemekeljan niamadju kemasi imaza i tailiku patjavat i taiwan maka varukur pasa taiwan a ljavek. au mata 1875 a cavilj nigacu, ti kamakama i vutjan sen a 沈葆楨sualpen ta aicu a tjinuicu, avan sika tjatjuruvu a pairang kemasi imaza i vutjan sen (福建省) patjavat i taiwan, ayatua tjaljananguaq a nasidjaravacan, saka tucu imaza i taiwan aza pairang masan ta tjatjuruvuan a zuku i taiwan.  
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;10&quot; |pakata caucau imaza i kinaizuanan
&lt;small&gt;aicu ziriu ka 2020 a cavilj sicigac pakata caucau a kusiki ziriu i kinaizuan niamadju&lt;/small&gt;
|-
!
!sazazatj
!ngadan na hici
!vineqeveqan nua simicengan
!caucau
!sazazatj
!ngadan na hici
!vineqeveqan nua simicengan
!caucau
!
|-
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |
|1
|'''新北市'''
|atalasi a taipaq hici
|4,027,481
|11
|'''屏東市'''
|[[Qakaw king|akaw]]
|198,359
| rowspan=&quot;10&quot; |
|-
|2
|'''臺中市'''
|taizung hici
|2,820,979
|12
|'''竹北市'''
|sinzu king
|198,122
|-
|3
|'''高雄市'''
|takaw 
|2,760,028
|13
|'''員林市'''
|zanghua king
|125,137
|-
|4
|'''臺北市'''
|taipaq hici
|2,620,037
|14
|'''斗六市'''
|yunlin king
|108,692
|-
|5
|'''桃園市'''
|tawyen hici
|2,260,043
|15
|'''[[Taitung|臺東市]]'''
|[[Taitu king|taitu king]]
|104,904
|-
|6
|'''臺南市'''
|tainan hici
|1,877,294
|16
|'''頭份市'''
|miawli king
|103,993
|-
|7
|'''新竹市'''
|sinzu hici
|450,113
|17
|'''[[Hualien|花蓮市]]'''
|[[Kalinku king|kalingu king]]
|102,762
|-
|8
|'''基隆市'''
|cylung hici
|368,372
|18
|'''南投市'''
|nantu king
|99,210
|-
|9
|'''嘉義市'''
|ciayi hici
|266,833
|19
|'''草屯鎮'''
|nantu king
|97,474
|-
|10
|'''彰化市'''
|zanghua king
|231,876
|20
|'''竹東鎮'''
|sinzu king
|96,036
|}

== kinsic ==

== nasidjaravacan ==

* kisia
tucu pimaza i taiwan a kisiya a djalan mavan a taiwan kisiya kanricy sa kanrivi. au pakata kisiya a djalan i taiwan, izua kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i pasakaledep, pasanavalj, kamasi 蘇澳新 patje kalingu, kata kisiya a djalan a kemasi kalinku pasa taitu. saka pakata kisiya izua 自強號, 莒光號, 復興號, 太魯閣號 kata 普悠瑪號. ka 2007 a cavilj nigacu ici qadav, ljaicu a tjadjaljav a kisiya patagilj a patagilj tjesengesengan a kauti, avan sika izua amin a 90 patje 120 a milingan kemasi viri patje navalj nua taiwan. ljakua ljaicu a tjaljananguaq a nasidjaravacan pavalitan tua sicuayan a makahikuki a kakudan imaza i pasakeledep a taiwan. 
* hikugiu

imaza i taiwan na lemindjelj matje drusa a qacavan a hikugiu mavan a ljaicu a tawyen kata takaw hikugiu, avan sika maqati itjen a vaik a gaikuku. au izuanan pimaza i taipaq kata taizung aicu drusa a hikugiu maqati itjen a vaik sema zuma a tjaljaveqeveqan i taiwan, au izuanan hikugiu imaza i kinmen, makung (馬公), beikan (北竿), nankan (南竿). 

* minatu
pimaza i taiwan pakata minatu sema i gaikuku, izua i takaw, i cylung, taizung, kalingu, suaw (蘇澳), au izuanan ljaicu a minatu i taipaq lemindjelj ka 1990 a caviljan kata aicu sicuayan a minatu i anpin a tainan. au aza takaw a minatu mavan a tjaljaqacavan a minatu tucu. avan sika maqati itjen maka varukur sema i penh, kinmen ljaicu a qinaljan. saka imaza i valangaw izua vukang minatu, avan sika azua sikataqaljan maqati pacacikel tiamadju kemasi i taitu pasa ta kasiwtu kata tamazatu.   
* kunglu

izua tjalja vavavan na djalan, mavan ljaicu a 國道1號, 國道3號, 國道5號 aya, avan na kemasi viri pasa navalj, kemsai kaledep pasa kacedas a kunglu. au tucu pimaza i pasakaledep a basu izua a 國光 basu, 統聯 basu kata 和欣 basu. 

== siakay ==

== sinupuan ==
pimaza i taiwan, izua tapuluq sa drusa a cavilj pakata sihu a kinivarung a kakituluan. izua umen a cavilj i kukumin a gaku, izua tjelu a cavilj i kutjung a gaku, izua tjelu a cavilj i kaucung, izuanan sepatj a cavilj i daigaku. au izua zuma a daigaku, izua aicu a hulic a tatuluan, seman umaq a tatuluan, kipucemel pakata qemuziquzip a sengsengan a tatuluan mavan aicu a lima a cavilj, au pakata kipucemel a aljis a tatuluan izua unem a cavilj, kipucemel a tatuluan mavan a unem a cavilj auta. pakata maretimalji a sengsengan a gaku izua lima a cavilj, drusa a cavilj. au imaza i daigaku maqati a lemindjelj ta kinkiw a tatuluan, avan aicu a 碩士 kata hakasi a gaku imaza.

imaza i taiwan aicu a ljaivavaw a sinupuan mavan angata mirazek, izua 172 a daigaku. ljemita tua cavilj, nu icigacu patje nigacu, izua tu puluq sa sepatj a kudrav a tja situ tiamadju kicaciur tua aicu a siking tua 大學學測 nua aya, au izua pitju a kudrav a situ kicaciur tua zuma a siking tua 大學指考 nu sicigacu. au izua 153 a daigaku lemindjelj tua kinkiw a tatuluan, ljakua izua auta tjuruvu a situ piniliq tua kitulu i gaikuku ljemita a cavilj, avan sika izua tu ita kudrav saka tjelu kuzulj a caucau semamaza i amirika a kitulu.   

== sinbun ==

== bunka ==

== kivangvangan ==


== undu ==

* kicaciur ta undukai i gaikuku
tucu pimaza i gaikuku a undukai, timitja a sihu sipungadan tua “中華臺北” aya. avan sika siniqivu ta “中華隊” namayatucu. au nimitja a unduin saigu itjen pakata yakiu, lalanciu, taikuandau (跆拳道), mekelj, 羽球 katua maretimaljimalji a undu. ka 2004 a cavilj, aicu a ulingpiya undukai pimaza i sila yadian (希臘雅典) timitja a unduin ti 陳詩欣 kata 朱木炎 nakialap tua icibang a pakaleva, mavan auta sangasangasan a unduin kialap tua icibang a pakaleva pakata penuljat a unduin kicaciur tua aulingpiya undukai aicu a cinalivatan.  ka 2017 a cavilj, pimaza i taipaq a vineqeveqan seman “2017 seikai daigaku a undukai”, mavan a tjaljavavavan a undukai seman imaza i taiwan patjeljatucu. 
* yakiyu
yakiyu mavan a tjalja tjengelangelaian a undu pimaza i taiwan. siqivu ta “kuga nua undu” a 國球 siayaya, mavan a kemasi tua ripun a bunka tazua i taiwan patjeljatucu. ka 1992 a cavilj, aicu a ulingpiya undukai pimaza i basailungna, timitja a unduin nakialap tua nibang a pakaleva. ka 1990 a cavilj, lemindjelj tua yakiyu a sengsengan a kinaqepuan nua kuga mavan a “中華職棒” aya, avan angata masantjelulj a kuga i aisa izua yakiyu a sengsengan a kinaqepuan tjaivililj ta i ripun kata i kuria.
* lalanciu

==pacunu uta ==
* [[Dripun]]
* [[Tailiku]]

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[pinapapilipiliqan:taiwan]]

[[nan:Tâi-oân]]
[[szy:Taiwan]]
[[zh:臺灣]]</text>
      <sha1>58n1f1vdrwkczblijmlrlp3rxd6a2ri</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
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      <timestamp>2024-04-05T17:32:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kivangavangan */</comment>
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      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7042" sha1="a71qypif25c4pklgpa4guiybpibeshd" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''kuljauc'''

&lt;small&gt;(泰武鄉)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:鳥瞰神秘谷陰陽瀑布 - panoramio.jpg|thumb|230px|center|inuan i kuljauc]]
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Taiwu PT.svg|thumb|230px|center|inuan i kuljauc]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak (上級行政區劃)
|qakaw(屏東縣)
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan(舊稱)
|大武
|-
|sepaljavak(區劃)
|umen a mula ata sepatj a puluq kata pitju a (lining) (6村67鄰) 
|-
|ruqivu a kai imaza
|Penaywanan(排灣語)
|-
|sihu(政府)

-guciu(鄉長)

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacuqan

/lalaingan tua semanrasudjan a tjaivavav

(行政機關)

-qinati a hulic a sihu(立法機關)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-邱登星(pacun ta guciu na kuljauc.泰武鄉鄉長列表)&lt;/nowiki&gt;

- nase kuljauc a gukusiu(泰武鄉公所)


-daihiyukay  na kuljauc (泰武鄉民代表會)
|-
|tjaljiqaca a pulingetj/

pulingetjan nua kadjunangan/sasusuan tua pasalavagan na katjunangan

(總面積)
|118.6266平方公里
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu/sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan(平均海拔)
|siva a taiday saka tapuluq kata lima a vavavan a  maru  tadjekuacan(915公尺)
|-
|kinavadavadayan nua cawcaw(人口)

-susuan ta kinatjuruvan a caucau a supu/pinenuljatan na cawcaw(總數)

-(pita sasupuan)sikamasan(排名)

-pinaljingan戶數)
|


-lima a akudrav sa tjelu a taitai saka sepatj a tapuluq kata sepatj a caucau (5,344人)(2021  a cavilj kata tjelu a qiljas, 2021年3月)

-第28

-ita a kuzulj sa sepatj a iday kata tapuluq sa sepatj  a paljingan (4804戶)
|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng

(郵政編碼)
|921
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu/sasusuan na umaq a vecik (戶政資料代碼)
|10013290
|-
|tjuljivaran nua guan (毗鄰)
|vuday、makazayazaya, 萬巒鄉, rai；kinzang i taitu.

(霧台鄉、瑪家鄉、萬巒鄉、來義鄉；臺東縣金峰鄉)
|}

'''Taiwu（泰武鄉）'''

Taiwu gu icuwa i [[Qakaw king|Qakaw]]. ala atjunangn mapuljat 124.11&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang   62.71&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 55.5&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 5,057 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 1,288 a daceneqlan, Puyuma (97%) a maqcuwa caucau.

kulaljuc i pasakacedas a viri tua qakaw tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]], nakidekes tua makazayazaya, aza i pasakacedas a viri a i tjuljivar ta vuday, a i tjaikacedas mavananga a [[Jinfeng|jinfeng]] i taitu, a i tjainavalj mavananga a i rai, a i pasakaledep izua a se萬巒鄉.

aicu a guciu i vecekadan ta gadu. azua katjunangan, tjaljaqaca a i kacedas, tjaljateku a i kaledep.

aicu a cawcaw imaza, avan a tjuruvu a kacalisuyan a paiwan.

==likisi==
ka sihu nua ciukuk anan, a qakaw a pinaljavak na 台南府鳳山縣, sa zinazav na sihu nau ciukuk i aicu a guciu a山腳（tucu a 萬巒鄉）.
ka ripun anan, aicu a guciu a pinaljavak na 阿緱廳.
nu 1920 a cavilj, aicu a guciu a pinaljavak na sihu nua ciukuk tua 高雄州潮州郡, izua a unem a qinaljan, avan a: kulaljuc (tucu a 泰武村）, qapedang/piuma (tucu a武潭村、平和),[[kaviyangan]] (tucu a佳平村), puljetji (tucu a佳興村), kazazaljan，tucu a萬安村), kata施率臘社（tucu a 萬安村）.
saka, lemengedjelj a sihu ta gimen i azua a qinaljan, sa kemudanga ta paljavak kata pakitulu.
nu 1945 a cavilj, aicu a 高雄州 pinaljavak na takaw king (高雄縣), kata aicu a 潮州郡 pinaljavak na 潮州區.
nusicavilj a ita a qiljas, lemengedjelj a sihu ta gukusiu i kulaljuc, mavan a pungadan ta ulaljuc (吾拉魯滋) a aicu a qinaljan. aicu a qinaljan, itjaikacedas ta kavuluan, ka pungadanga ta tawu, ljawa aicu a ngadan a mamau ta tawu i taitu, sa papungadan ta 泰武村, aicu a guciu, papungadan ta taiwugu (泰武鄉).
qaw, sinamazan a gukusiu i 佳平村.
1950 a cavilj, paseljenguaq a sihu ta kinapangaljan a paljavak, aicu a guciu a pinaljavak na qakaw, sa nekanga a 縣轄區.
izuanga a unem a mula i kulaljuc, avan a:佳平、武潭、嘉興、泰武、萬安、平和.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210825131051/https://www.pthg.gov.tw/TownTto/cp.aspx?n=E6CA376C23622120%7C 泰武鄉公所-歷史沿革]&lt;/ref&gt;

==caucau==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; font-size:90%&quot;
|colspan=&quot;11&quot; align=center |&lt;span id=&quot;ref&quot;&gt;'''sasupuan nua caucau i taiwu gu ka ljemita tua cavilj'''&lt;sub&gt;(kacaviljan a 1951~2020)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;/span&gt;
|-
!cavilj
!1951
!1952
!1953
!1954
!1955
!1956
!1957
!1958
!1959
!1960
|-
!caucau
|'''2,867'''
|2,885
|2,956
|3,012
|3,092
|3,145
|3,229
|3,288
|3,325
|3,419
|-
!cavilj
!1961
!1962
!1963
!1964
!1965
!1966
!1967
!1968
!1969
!1970
|-
!caucau
|3,493
|3,588
|3,664
|3,759
|3,919
|4,030
|4,129
|4,194
|4,352
|4,402
|-
!cavilj
!1971
!1972
!1973
!1974
!1975
!1976
!1977
!1978
!1979
!1980
|-
!caucau
|4,459
|4,484
|4,533
|4,576
|4,619
|4,720
|4,783
|4,789
|4,841
|4,666
|-
!cavilj
!1981
!1982
!1983
!1984
!1985
!1986
!1987
!1988
!1989
!1990
|-
!caucau
|4,718
|4,712
|4,674
|4,653
|4,626
|4,606
|4,557
|4,404
|4,403
|4,498
|-
!cavilj
!1991
!1992
!1993
!1994
!1995
!1996
!1997
!1998
!1999
!2000
|-
!caucau
|4,547
|4,585
|4,677
|4,717
|4,708
|4,790
|4,776
|4,774
|4,814
|4,764
|-
!cavilj
!2001
!2002
!2003
!2004
!2005
!2006
!2007
!2008
!2009
!2010
|-
!caucau
|4,821
|4,909
|4,901
|4,875
|5,032
|4,971
|4,918
|4,919
|5,122
|5,099
|-
!cavilj
!2011
!2012
!2013
!2014
!2015
!2016
!2017
!2018
!2019
!2020
|-
!caucau
|5,089
|5,062
|5,131
|5,289
|5,217
|5,262
|5,271
|5,392
|'''5,408'''
|5,351
|-
|}

==kinapangaljan a paljavak==
aicu a guciu a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan, mavan a 118平方公里, izua sika masantjelulj a kadjunangan i 所有山地鄉、直轄市山地原住民區(amin a tjaqaca a 臺東縣蘭嶼鄉kata makazayazaya).
mavaday a aicu a guciu tua unem a mula, aicu a佳平a paqapulu a varung ta aicu a guciu.
qaw, izua a kadjunangan i 萬巒鄉tucu, mavan a八八風災遷村地.

==paljavak tua qinaljan==
masan 9 a qinaljan i '''Taiwu'''. 
*[[Qapedang]]（武潭部落）
*[[Kaviyangan]]（佳平部落）
*[[Kulaljuc]]（泰武部落）
*[[Masisi]]（馬仕部落）
*[[Piyuma]]（平和部落）
*[[Ludja]]（安平部落）
*[[Tjaialev]]（達里部落）
*[[Puljetji]]（佳興部落）
*[[Tjaranauma]]（萬安部落）

==kinatuluan==
izua lima a gakku a kedrikedri imaza i taiwu gu.

==kivangavangan==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Dawu Mt+Hunag Chung Yu黃中佑+17755.jpg|i cacadjan a kavulungan
神秘谷 - panoramio.jpg|tjurupaljipaljing
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==sipacacikelan==
===palidring a djalan===
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWpt102.svg|23px|]] sikamasan 102 a palidring a djalan na qakaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWpt106.svg|23px|]] sikamasan 106 a palidring a djalan na qakaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWpt108.svg|23px|]] sikamasan 108 a palidring a djalan na qakaw

===basu===
izua basu na qakaw.

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>a71qypif25c4pklgpa4guiybpibeshd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tai’an</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>93</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12269</id>
      <parentid>10307</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T04:30:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* paravacan a racev */-sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12269</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6289" sha1="rh78fbz9vm2qsje4n47gu5q1es3ccvs" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=&quot;right&quot; border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center|'''tai’an'''

(泰安鄉)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:台灣苗栗縣泰安鄉梅園村.聖稜線 - panoramio.jpg|270px]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak (上級行政區劃)
|miauli(苗栗縣)
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan(舊稱)
|大安
|-
|sepaljavak(區劃)
|alu a mula ata unem a puluq kata sepatj a (lining) (8村64鄰) 
|-
|kina'inaljanan a kai(地方語言)
|kai na tayaruzuku(泰雅語)
|-
|sihu(政府)

-guciu(鄉長)

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacuqan

/lalaingan tua semanrasudjan a tjaivavav(行政機關)

-qinati a hulic a sihu(立法機關)
|


-劉美蘭(pacun ta guciu na tai’an.泰安鄉鄉長列表)

- nasetai’an a gukusiu(泰安鄉公所)


-daihiyukay  na tai’an(泰安鄉民代表會)
|-
|tjaljiqaca a pulingetj/

pulingetjan nua kadjunangan/sasusuan tua pasalavagan na katjunangan

(總面積)
|614.5127平方公里
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu/sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan(平均海拔)
|takuzulj sa pitju a iday saka sepatj a puluq  kata lima a vavavan a maru  tadjekuacan(1,745公尺)
|-
|kinavadavadayan nua cawcaw(人口)

-susuan ta kinatjuruvan a caucau a supu/pinenuljatan na cawcaw(總數)

-(pita sasupuan)sikamasan(排名)

-pinaljingan(戶數)
|


-lima a kuzualj sa pitju a iday saka drusa a puluq  kata tjelu a cawcaw(5,723人)(2021 a cavilj kata 4 a qiljas, 2021年4月)

- sikamusansimuluq saka pitju(第17)

-sepatj a kuzulj sa alu a iday kata sepatj a paljingan(1,983戶)
|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng

(郵政編碼)
|365
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu/sasusuan na umaq a vecik(戶政資料代碼)
|10005180
|-
|tjuljivaran nua guan(毗鄰)
|南庄鄉、獅潭鄉、大湖鄉、卓蘭鎮；新竹縣尖石鄉、五峰鄉；臺中市和平區
|}

Tai’an（泰安鄉）

Tai’an gu icuwa i Miaoli. ala atjunangn mapuljat 602.88&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang  524.2&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 59.69&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 4,814 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 1,508 a daceneqlan, Tayal (83%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

tai’an(kai nua ngayngay a四縣腔：tai onˊ hiongˊ; kai na tayaruzuku a 汶水：Taian）, mavan a nakacalisiyan na guan a i tjaikacedas a navalj tua miauli (苗栗縣) i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], a i tjaivirilj tua 南庄鄉kata新竹縣五峰鄉, a i tjaikacedas tua 新竹縣尖石鄉, a i tjainavalj tua 臺中市和平區, a i nakaledep a mavananga a 卓蘭鎮, 大湖鄉, 獅潭鄉. 

azua a tjaljaqaca a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan i miauli, ljawa tjaljakedri a cawcaw i kinapangaljan a paljavak imaza. aza pulingetjan nua kadjunangan avananga a 三分之一i miauli.

izuazua a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] a tayaruzuku kata ngayngay imaza. masa natemaliduan ta unsing i tai’an, sa izua a pungadan ta“泰安溫泉鄉”taimaza.

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 8 qinaljan i Tai’an. matja 16 qinaljan imaza, B’anux（天狗部落）, Maylubung（梅園部落）, Mepuwal（象鼻部落）, Mabanan（永安部落）, Malabang（馬那邦部落）, Suru（蘇魯部落）, Pakwari（八卦力部落）, Gali-hwan（南灣部落）, Matabalay（榮安部落）, Mabatuan（大坪部落）, Tabilas（圓墩部落）, Maibagah（司馬限部落）, Sakuhan（細道邦部落）, Swasiq（斯瓦細格部落）, Maytayax（大安部落）, Quwis awi’（砂埔鹿部落）.

==likisi==

ka ripunanan, azua a qinaljan i guan , avan a蕃地, a pinaljavak ta 新竹州大湖郡, sa kiumalj ta kinapangaljan a paljavak tua 山地原住民鄉. azua a大安鄉nua miauli(苗栗縣) imaza, ljawa mamau a ngadan tua臺中縣大安鄉（tucu a臺中市大安區）, sa papungadan tua tai’an ka 1952 a cavilj kata 8 a qiljas a patjetucu.

==pana==

aicu a guan, izua a pana a 大安溪, 汶水溪kata大湖溪.

azua a 汶水溪a sicevud ta tai’an a 梅園村, izua i tjaqaca a drusa a kuzulj sa unem a iday kata tapuluq kata alu a vavavan a maru tadjekuacan i tjaikaledep a navalj ta gadu a 鹿場 a paljaljavak, sa aza ljazum a qinepuqepu na gadu a 東洗水山a veljuluan a 東洗水溪 a pasakaledep tua pana a 汶水溪kata大湖溪.

azua a 大安溪a sicevud ta gaduan a 雪山山脈a i tjaikaledep tua大霸尖山, sa pasakaledep tua gaduan a 東陽山i nakaledep kata qinepuqepu tua veljulian a 馬達拉溪, sa avananga a 大安溪, a pasaqinaljan a 雪見, 大安, 象鼻kata 士林, qaw masan tua ljaljaqedian tua miauli(苗栗縣) kata 臺中市.

==kinaqadavan==

aicu a guan, mavananga a kinaqadavan a 亞熱帶 a kinavaliyan, ruqudjalj imaza, sa azua a tjakedri a qudjalj a kemasi ljemaljevakan ta gaduan, aza kaljaqudjaljan avan a kemasi guguca(5月) ta kugacu(9月).

==caucau==
{| class=wikitable style=&quot;text-align:center; font-size:90%&quot;
!cavilj
!1981
!1982
!1983
!1984
!1985
!1986
!1987
!1988
!1989
!1990
|-
!caucau
|'''6,274'''
|6,247
|6,228
|5,967
|5,807
|5,574
|5,543
|5,527
|5,411
|'''5,352'''
|-
!cavilj
!1991
!1992
!1993
!1994
!1995
!1996
!1997
!1998
!1999
!2000
|-
!caucau
|5,630
|5,508
|5,631
|5,695
|5,631
|5,584
|5,511
|5,539
|5,525
|5,462
|-
!cavilj
!2001
!2002
!2003
!2004
!2005
!2006
!2007
!2008
!2009
!2010
|-
!caucau
|5,600
|5,593
|5,571
|5,516
|5,650
|5,707
|5,707
|5,701
|5,950
|5,982
|-
!cavilj
!2011
!2012
!2013
!2014
!2015
!2016
!2017
!2018
!2019
!2020
|-
!caucau
|5,947
|5,892
|5,969
|6,157
|6,045
|5,930
|5,883
|6,039
|5,888
|5,782
|-
|}

==tatuluan==
izua alu a gakku a kedrikedri imaza i tai’an gu.

==sipacacikelan==

===palidring a djalan===
sikamasan 61 a palidring a djalan nua [[Miauli king|bari(miauli king)]]
&lt;br&gt;sikamasan 62 a palidring a djalan nua bari
&lt;br&gt;sikamasan 63 a palidring a djalan nua bari
&lt;br&gt;sikamasan 64 a palidring a djalan nua bari

===basu===
sikamasan 253 a basu nua taiciu, a kemasi ta dongshi a patjemaza i mula nua selin

==paravacan a racev==
unsing, vawa, vuyu, cuvuq nua kiciqu.

qudis, sumumu, ljameljam.
&lt;gallery&gt;
火龍果 - panoramio.jpg|qudjidjilj a vinangalj
Tomato je.jpg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>rh78fbz9vm2qsje4n47gu5q1es3ccvs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taoyuan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>94</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12207</id>
      <parentid>10634</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-05T17:33:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kivangavangan */</comment>
      <origin>12207</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6591" sha1="bukbxgylw634c3pczi5yzp04ggum6kk" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;  align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''ngani''' &lt;br&gt;(taoyuan gu)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:20160109桃源街景北攝.JPG|thumb|center|taoyuan gu]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Taoyuan KH.svg|thumb|center|inuan i taoyuan gu]] 
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|na tjaivavaw a pangaljan na kaizuanan
|takaw
|-
|kalaingan
|謝英雄
|-
|sasusuan ta pasalavaan na kadjunangan
|928.9800 km2
|-
|sasupuan ta caucau
|4,194
|-
|}

Taoyuan（桃源區）

Taoyuan gu icuwa i Kaohsiung. ala atjunangn mapuljat 969.43&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang 871.9&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 86.77&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 4,172 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 1,320 a daceneqlan, Bunun, Hla’alua (93%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

==kadjunangan==
pinaljavak aicu a kadjunangan na ngani nua sihu i pasaviri a tjaikacedas tua takaw na sihu na ciuhua tucu. a i pasakacedas ta haitutuan na [[Taitu king|valangaw(taitu king)]] kata takkei na [[Kalinku king|kalinku king]]. a i pasaviri tua [[Xinyi|nehunpu]] na lamtaw king. a i pasanavalj ta [[Maolin|teldreka]]. a i pasakaledep tua [[Namasia|namasia gu]], jiasian gu, lakuri(liouguei gu), kata [[Alishan|alishan gu]] na kagi king.

pasanavalj aza kadjunangan tua gadugaduan na usaveq(siayaya a yushan uta).

===kinaqadaqadavan===

===zazaljuman===
kemasi tua gadu na usaveq aicu a veljeluan na laku laku(siayaya na kinakaian na hla'alua a sakulahlu taunguara) a pasamaza a pinaljavakan na taoyuan gu.

==cinalivatan==
na pinaljavak aza qinaljan imaza nua sihu na ripung, sinipaljavak niamadju a kisan gu na takaw ciu. siayaya nia ripung tua kadjunangan nua pinaljavakan niamadju a ngani. ayatua tjaljaqaca aicu a ngani a qinaljan tua zumanga a qinaljan imaza.

==caucau==
kinaizuazua a caucau se bunun, se hla'alua, katua se paiwan imaza kasicuayan.
===pinavadavadayan na caucau===

tjaljaqaca a kadjunangan a pinaljavakan na taoyuan gu imaza i tua takaw, ljakua tjaljakedri a pinavadavadayan na caucau imaza i taoyuan gu i tua pinaljavakan na takaw.

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
|+pinavadavadayan na caucau i taoyuan gu&lt;sub&gt;(qiljas a 7 na kacavilj a 2020)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;美濃戶政&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://meinong-house.kcg.gov.tw/Content_List.aspx?n=2486DD151001D30B |title=高雄市美濃戶政事務所 - 桃源區人口統計 |accessdate=2020-07-22 |archive-date=2020-07-22 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200722033155/https://meinong-house.kcg.gov.tw/Content_List.aspx?n=2486DD151001D30B |dead-url=no }}&lt;/ref&gt;
!li!!pasalavaan na kadjunangan&lt;ref&gt;[https://orgws.kcg.gov.tw/001/KcgOrgUploadFiles/292/relfile/67309/199835/1045a56f-eb64-480d-8af1-2a497fb1e966.pdf 高雄市桃源區公所 - 108年統計年報]&lt;/ref&gt;!!lin!!paljingan!!sinisupuan ta uqaljay!!sinisupuan ta vavayan!!sinisupuan ta caucau
|-
|'''salavang'''&lt;br&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(桃源里)&lt;/sub&gt;||67.00||7||309||524||459||983
|-
|'''ciusinlun'''&lt;br&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(寶山里)&lt;/sub&gt;||208.00||9||185||279||235||514
|-
|'''tamahu'''&lt;br&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(建山里)&lt;/sub&gt;||6.90||5||220||371||354||725
|-
|'''hasin'''&lt;br&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(高中里)&lt;/sub&gt;||65.08||6||251||401||394||795
|-
|'''mizuhu'''&lt;br&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(勤和里)&lt;/sub&gt;||23.00||3||96||135||131||266
|-
|'''bibiuw'''&lt;br&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(復興里)&lt;/sub&gt;||55.00||3||113||179||164||343
|-
|'''lavulang'''&lt;br&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(拉芙蘭里)&lt;/sub&gt;||70.00||3||95||160||130||290
|-
|'''masuhuaz'''&lt;br&gt;&lt;sub&gt;(梅山里)&lt;/sub&gt;||434.00||3||96||171||126||297
|-
!taoyuan gu!!929!!39!!1367!!2220!!1993!!4213
|}

===sinisupuan ta caucau ljemita tua cavilj===
{| class=wikitable style=&quot;text-align:center; font-size:90%&quot;
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1981
!kacavilj a 1982
!kacavilj a 1983
!kacavilj a 1984
!kacavilj a 1985
!kacavilj a 1986
!kacavilj a 1987
!kacavilj a 1988
!kacavilj a 1989
!kacavilj a 1990
|-
!caucau
|4,878
|4,929
|4,889
|4,915
|4,958
|4,929
|4,896
|4,854
|4,852
|4,839
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1991
!kacavilj a 1992
!kacavilj a 1993
!kacavilj a 1994
!kacavilj a 1995
!kacavilj a 1996
!kacavilj a 1997
!kacavilj a 1998
!kacavilj a 1999
!kacavilj a 2000
|-
!caucau
|4,787
|4,805
|4,887
|4,809
|4,781
|4,831
|4,857
|4,838
|4,781
|4,752
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2001
!kacavilj a 2002
!kacavilj a 2003
!kacavilj a 2004
!kacavilj a 2005
!kacavilj a 2006
!kacavilj a 2007
!kacavilj a 2008
!kacavilj a 2009
!kacavilj a 2010
|-
!caucau
|4,895
|4,900
|4,864
|4,846
|'''4,981'''
|4,818
|4,787
|4,747
|4,777
|4,817
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2011
!kacavilj a 2012
!kacavilj a 2013
!kacavilj a 2014
!kacavilj a 2015
!kacavilj a 2016
!kacavilj a 2017
!kacavilj a 2018
!kacavilj a 2019
!kacavilj a 2020
|-
!caucau
|4,700
|4,559
|4,406
|4,296
|4,239
|'''4,220'''
|4,246
|4,311
|4,261
|4,223
|-
|}

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 8 qinaljan i Taoyuan. matja 14 qinaljan imaza, Ciusinlun（寶山部落）, Husida（藤枝部落）, Tamahu（建山部落）, Sʉhlʉnganʉ/Sulungan（草水部落）, Rʉhlʉcʉ/Haising（高中部落）, Su'aci（美蘭部落）, Kalʉvʉnga/Ngani（桃源部落）, Tanguhla/Dinkam（四社部落）, Mizuhu（勤和部落）, Ua-asik（復興部落）, Lavulan（拉芙蘭部落）, Dakus（樟山部落）, Masuhuaz（梅山部落）, Dai-ni（二集團部落）.

===pinaljavakan===
sinipaljavak na sihu a taoyuan gu tamaza a alu a li. izua masuhuaz, lavulang, bibiuw, mizuhu, salavang(guan na taoyuan imaza), hasin, ciusinlun, kata tamahu.

==tatuluan==
izua lima a gakku a kedrikedri imaza i taoyuan gu.

==kivangavangan==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Taiwan, 高雄市桃源區梅山里 - panoramio.jpg|
天池 Tianchi Lake - panoramio.jpg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==sipacacikelan==
[[sineqetj a vecik:20160109桃源街上的高雄客運101-FX.jpg|thumb|sikamasan 8029 a basu na takaw]]
===palidring a djalan===
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW20.svg|23px|]] sikamasandrusapuluq a palidring a djalan

===basu===
====basu nua i pinaljavakan na takaw====
*sikamasan 8029 a basu a kemasi tua jiasian a patjemaza i taoyuan gu.
====basu a sinipacacikel ta kakipucemelan====
izua basu a kemasi ta lakuri(kakaian na taivoan, siayaya a lakoli uta, sa sinivecik a liouguei gu tucu) a patjemaza i taoyuan gu.

izua zumanga a basu a sinipacacikel ta kakipucemelan, matu basu a masan H11, H11A, kata H12. aicu a basu a masan H11 a kemasi ta guan na i taoyuan a pasa ljaljavavavan nua tjainavalj ta kisan kata kakipucemalan na yita a patje kakipucemelan na cangkeng i takaw.

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>bukbxgylw634c3pczi5yzp04ggum6kk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tjuku Tsai</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>95</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12364</id>
      <parentid>12250</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-08T05:55:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>'''</comment>
      <origin>12364</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3027" sha1="sffigc9zn9z3rq8xc4cmi0l53ajqe78" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |Tjuku Tsai
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[sineqetj a vecik:蔡英文官方元首肖像照.png|thumb|Tjuku Tsai|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] sika masan14 a cungtung nua  [[Taiwan]].

|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Date
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |2016.5.20 - tucu
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Singzenyan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  Lin Chuan → Lai Ching-te
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Piau
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |3,081,379 （25.1%）
|-

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sika masan15, 16 a vusam nua mincingtan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Date
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |2014.5.28 - tucu
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|misuzang
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  Su Tseng-chang
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Piau
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |85,410（93.71%）
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Tjaisangas
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | Ma Ying-jeou
|-

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:ROC Legislative Yuan Seal.svg|25px]] sika masan6 a lipungin nua Taiwan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Date
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |2005.21－2006.1.25
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Piau
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |3,471,429（35.72%）
|-

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | personal information
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |vavayan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Ljinautianan a ngadan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Tsai, lng-wen
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1956.8.31 (61 a cavilj) 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] Taipei,  [[Taiwan]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Han &amp; Vuculj
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kasusu
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |kama: Chhoà Kiat-seng
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kaqinaljan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  [[Qakaw king|Qakaw]],  [[Taiwan]]
|-
|}

'''ti Tjuku Ing-wen Tsai''' (Ljinautianan: 蔡英文; pinyin: Cài Yīngwén; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Chhoà Eng-bûn; {{Bd|31 a qadaw na 8 a qiljas|1956 a caviljan||}}), a cungtung nua [[Taiwan]].

==pacunu uta ==
* [[Taiwan]]

== kasizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[pinapapilipiliqan:cungtung a vavayan]]
[[pinapapilipiliqan:cungtung nua Taiwan]]
[[pinapapilipiliqan:kacalisian nua Taiwan]]
[[pinapapilipiliqan:kilang]] 
[[pinapapilipiliqan:pairang]] 
[[pinapapilipiliqan:Paiwan]]
[[pinapapilipiliqan:Qakaw king]]</text>
      <sha1>sffigc9zn9z3rq8xc4cmi0l53ajqe78</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tuvalu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>96</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12248</id>
      <parentid>12058</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T14:20:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12248</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9965" sha1="j6rttjqtiheu8br1bqtxf8cmn2cwvy5" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;250&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''Tuvalu (kukka)'''
|-
| flag ||&lt;gallery&gt;
sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Tuvalu.svg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|-
| vinecikan||
&lt;gallery&gt;
sineqetj a vecik:Coat of arms of Tuvalu.svg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;
|-
|Paketu nakukka||《Tuvalu mo te Atua》
|-
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|[[sineqetj a vecik:Tuvalu on the globe (Polynesia centered).svg|center|160px]]
|-
! Kai !!
|-
| kai nakukka || Tinuvaluan
|-
| vecik nakukka || Rumazi
|-
! sihu !!
|-
| vusam na mamazangiljan || Elizabeth II
|-
| sihuciu || Enele Sosene Sopoaga
|-
| lipuinciu || Date Chūichi kati Tadamori Ōshima
|-

! kadjunangan !!
|-
| penuljat || 26 &lt;ref&gt;https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/tv.html|title=CIA&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| pana || 
|-
! Gini &amp; HDI&amp;GDP !!
|-
| Gini (2014) || 
|-
| HDI (2014) || 
|-
| GDP || 39000000
|-
! caucau !!
|-
| penuljat || 11,052 &lt;ref&gt;https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/resources/the-world-factbook/geos/tv.html|title=CIA&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
| zuku || pulinisia
|}
pasanavalj taza ljavek a pasivik (taipingyang) aicu a '''tuvalu''' (ayain a tinuvaluan). pinaljavakan izua siva a maretimaljimalji a kadjunangan nua sihu a tuvalu i tua ljavek. namasan vecekad tua ''hawaii'' katua ''australia''. a i pasakacedas tua tukelau (Tokelau). a i pasakacedas a navalj tua samua (Samoa) katua walis katua vutuna (Wallis and Futuna). a i pasanavalj tua vidji (Fiji). a i pasaviri tua kiribati. a i pasakaledep a navalj tua kadjunangan nua ''santa cruz'' katua vanuatu. a i pasakaledep a viri tua nauru. mavan 10,507 aicu sinisupuan tua caucau nua tuvalu a vavecikan ka 2017 a caviljan.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.citypopulation.de/en/tuvalu/&lt;/ref&gt; sasusuan aicu a 26 km² tua pasalavaan a pinaljavakan nua tuvalu a kadjunangan.

katjaisangas a kaizuazua a caucau a pulinisiyan (Polynesians) imaza a kadjunangan nua tuvalu ka 3000 a qadjav a tjaisangas i caviljan.&lt;ref&gt;Howe, Kerry (2003). The Quest for Origins. New Zealand: Penguin. pp. 68–70. ISBN 0-14-301857-4.&lt;/ref&gt; kasicuayan a tjaisangas a djinaljun na caucau se [[iyurupu]] (Europe), sipacacikel na caucau a pulinisiyan a varukur niamadju taza matjalialiaw a kadjunangan i pasaljavek imaza.&lt;ref&gt;Bellwood, Peter (1987). The Polynesians – Prehistory of an Island People. Thames and Hudson. pp. 39–44.&lt;/ref&gt;

pasemalaw a kisanvenaruvarung tu sekaumaljan na caucau a pulinisiyan a kemasi tua samua (Samoa) katua tunga (Tonga) a pasakadjunangan na tuvalu imaza, tazua semekez tiamadju a makavarukur. saka kemasimaza tiamadju a vaik tua zumanga kadjunangan nua pulinisiyan i tua melanisiya (Melanesia) katua mikerunisiya (Micronesia) katjaivililj.&lt;ref&gt;Bellwood, Peter (1987). The Polynesians – Prehistory of an Island People. Thames and Hudson. pp. 29 &amp; 54.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Bayard, D.T. (1976). The Cultural Relationships of the Polynesian Outliers. Otago University, Studies in Prehistoric Anthropology, Vol. 9.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Kirch, P.V. (1984). The Polynesian Outliers. 95 (4) Journal of Pacific History. pp. 224–238.&lt;/ref&gt;

katjaisangas a mangetjez ti alevaru de mendana (Álvaro de Mendaña) a se spain (Spain) a rusansalimaliman tua makavarukur tu a pasaljavek i maza ka 1568 a caviljan, tazua kineljang nimadju tu izua kadjunangan nua nui (Nui) imaza.

sangasangasan a pinapungadan a kadjunangan nua eilis (Ellice's Island) taza kadjunangan nua vunavuti (Funafuti) ka 1819 a caviljan. sa siayaya ni aliksander (Alexander George Findlay) a rusanvenaruvarung tua ljaljavekan aicu a eilis tua matjasiva a kadjunangan katjaivililj. katjaivililj a qadjav a caviljan a kemasi tua 1850 a patje 1900 a caviljan, na kiljavarananga a &quot;seminamalji a briten (Great Britain)&quot; a paljavak tua kadjunangan nua eilis (Ellice) tu pasemalaw tua kuletjan niamadju i tua ljavek a pasivik, ayatua pinavecikan nau seminamalji a briten djermany (Germany).&lt;ref&gt;https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Treaty_between_Great_Britain_and_Germany_relating_to_the_Demarcation_of_the_Spheres_of_Influence&lt;/ref&gt;

==kadjunangan==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Tuvalu - Location Map (2013) - TUV - UNOCHA.svg|thumb|280px|right|izua maretimaljimalji a kadjunangan nua tuvalu a i pasaljavek.]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:Tuvalu - Funafuti - Beach.jpg|thumb|280px|right|a i pasaljavek aicu a i vunavuti (Funafuti)]]
pinaljavakan nua sihu a tuvalu a matjasiva a kadjunangan izua nanumanga (Nanumanga), niutaw (Niutao), niulakita (Niulakita), vunavuti (Funafuti), nanumiya (Nanumea), nui (Nui), nukuvetaw (Nukufetau), nukulaelae (Nukulaelae) katua vaitupu (Vaitupu).&lt;ref&gt;https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-02954-1&lt;/ref&gt;

==cinalivatan==
===kasicuayan===
taza vinaruvarungan a tja sinikeljang a sekaumaljan nua cuacau a tuvalu tu kaizuazua imaza i pasaljavek a pasivik katjaisangas a 3000 a caviljan. kinelialiaw a caucau a pulinisiya a makavarukur tu pacacikel tjaizua samua (Samoa), tunga (Tonga), katua zumanga a kadjunangan i tua ljavek imaza,&lt;ref&gt;Howe, Kerry (2003). The Quest for Origins. New Zealand: Penguin. pp. 68, 70. ISBN 0-14-301857-4.&lt;/ref&gt; tazua katjaisangasan a mangetjez a caucau se erop. patjara aicu a matjasiva a vuguvug, kinaizuan a alu a vuguvug nua caucau a tuvalu. manasika tja kineljang aza pinapungadan a tuvalu aza siaya tua kinateveteveljan a matjalu nua kai a tuvalu.

==sihu==
===cuntung===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! sika
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; | ngadan
! zikan
|-
! 1 
| Toaripi Lauti
| [[sineqetj a vecik:Coat of arms of Tuvalu.svg|100px]]
| 1978.10.1&lt;br/&gt; - 1981.9.8
|-
! 2
| Tomasi Puapua
| [[sineqetj a vecik:Coat of arms of Tuvalu.svg|100px]]
| 1981.9.8&lt;br/&gt; - 1989.10.16
|-
! 3
| Bikenibeu Paeniu
| [[sineqetj a vecik:Coat of arms of Tuvalu.svg|100px]]
| 1989.10.16&lt;br/&gt; - 1993.12.10
|-
! 4
| Kamuta Latasi
| [[sineqetj a vecik:Coat of arms of Tuvalu.svg|100px]]
| 1993.12.10&lt;br/&gt; - 1996.12.24
|-
! 5
|Bikenibeu Paeniu
| [[sineqetj a vecik:Coat of arms of Tuvalu.svg|100px]]
| 1996.12.24&lt;br/&gt; - 1999.4.27
|-
! 6
| Ionatana Ionatana
| [[sineqetj a vecik:Coat of arms of Tuvalu.svg|100px]]
| 1999.4.27&lt;br/&gt; - 2000.12.8
|-
! 6'
| Lagitupu Tuilimu
| [[sineqetj a vecik:Coat of arms of Tuvalu.svg|100px]]
| 2000.12.8&lt;br/&gt; - 2001.2.24
|-
! 7
| Faimalaga Luka
| [[sineqetj a vecik:Coat of arms of Tuvalu.svg|100px]]
| 2001.2.24&lt;br/&gt; - 2001.12.14
|-
! 8
| Koloa Talake
| [[sineqetj a vecik:Coat of arms of Tuvalu.svg|100px]]
| 2001.12.14&lt;br/&gt; - 2002.8.2
|-
! 9
| Saufatu Sopoanga
| [[sineqetj a vecik:Coat of arms of Tuvalu.svg|100px]]
| 2002.8.2&lt;br/&gt; - 2004.8.27
|-
! 10
| Maatia Toafa
| [[sineqetj a vecik:Coat of arms of Tuvalu.svg|100px]]
| 2004.8.27&lt;br/&gt; - 2006.8.14
|-
! 11
| Apisai Ielemia
| [[sineqetj a vecik:Apisai Ielemia cropped.jpg|100px]]
| 2006.8.14&lt;br/&gt; - 2010.9.29
|-
! 12
| Maatia Toafa
| [[sineqetj a vecik:Coat of arms of Tuvalu.svg|100px]]
| 2010.9.29&lt;br/&gt; - 2010.12.24
|-
! 13
| Willy Telavi
| [[sineqetj a vecik:Willy Telavi.jpg|100px]]
| 2010.12.24&lt;br/&gt; - 2013.8.1
|-
! 14
| Enele Sosene Sopoaga
| [[sineqetj a vecik:Enele Sopoaga 2015.jpg|100px]]
| 2013.8.1.&lt;br/&gt; - tucu
|}

==paljavakan==
* Nui
* Nukufetau
* Nukulaelae
* Vaitupu
* Niulakita
* Niutao
* Nanumaga
==kinakaian==
nua tuvalu a kuka a kinakaian aicu a kai a tuvalu katua kai a amilika. mamaw aicu a kai a tuvalu a sinikudan tua kinakaian a pulinisiyan, matu izua kai a hawai (Hawaiian), kai a mauri (Māori), kai a taitiyan (Tahitian), kai a rapa nui (Rapa Nui), Samoan katua Tongan.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.omniglot.com/writing/tuvaluan.htm&lt;/ref&gt; saka, siayaya aicu a kai a tuvalu namaya tua kinakaian nua qinaljan nua pulinisiyan i mikrunisiya (Micronesia) katua i pasaviri a vecekad tua melanisiya (Melanesia).

avan a sikiljavaran a kai a tuvalu nua masantalj a caucau i tuvalu. ljakua izuanga ta kai matu aza kai a gilebetis (Gilbertese) a sinikiljavaran nua caucau i nui (Nui).&lt;ref&gt;https://www.omniglot.com/writing/tuvaluan.htm&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://www.ethnologue.com/country/TV/languages%7Ctitle%3DTuvalu%7Cwork%3DEthnologue&lt;/ref&gt; sinipaljavak nua sihu aicu a kai nua amilika i tuvalu. ljakua inika ljemita tua qadaw a sikiljavaran nua caucau aza kai nua amilika imaza.

==kinatuluan==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Children of Niutao Island.JPG|thumb|right|220px|kakedriyan a i tuvalu.]]
kinacaquan nua caucau a 99% tua vinecikan nua kai i tuvalu (aicu a sasupuan nua i kacaviljan a 2002).&lt;ref&gt;https://www.imf.org/en/Publications/CR/Issues/2016/12/31/Tuvalu-2010-Article-IV-Consultation-Staff-Report-Public-Information-Notice-on-the-Executive-24632&lt;/ref&gt;

==kakudakudan==
===kakanen===
===senay katua zian===
fakaseasea, fakanau katua fatele aicu a sinansenay a sinikudan nua caucau a tuvalu.

==sipacacikelan==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Manu Folau off Vaitupu Harbour, Tuvalu.JPG|thumb|right|220px|aicu a gungkang a manuvulaw (Manu Folau).]]
a qadjav a 8 km a kinalaruqan nua djalan izua i tuvalu.&lt;ref&gt;https://www.cia.gov/the-world-factbook/countries/tuvalu/&lt;/ref&gt; amin azua djalan a vunavuti (Funafuti) na sinan djalan kacaviljan a 2002. ljakua patjara zumanga a djalan, inianan a sinandjalan tucu. neka a djalan nua kisiya imaza i tuvalu.

amin aicu a puvarukuran a vunavuti (Funafuti) a namasantalj a ljaljevavavan tua varukur i tuvalu. sipacacikecikel aicu a gungkang a masandrusa. izua gungkang a nivagi a sikamasantjelulj (Nivaga III) katua gungkang a manuvulaw (Manu Folau). maqati tjen a makavavaw taicu a gungkang a drusa a pacacikel a kemasi tuvalu a suva (Suva), vidji (Fiji) katua vunavuti (Funafuti) a sema zuma a vuguvug (kadjunangan i vecekadan tua ljavek nua i tuvalu). pinapusaladj a sihu a tuvalu nua [[Taiwan|taiwan]] i kacaviljan a 2020, vineli aicu a pinaka muitiva (Moeiteava) a gungkang a tjatjevavavan nua sisan umaq.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20210807120850/https://tuvaluparadise.tv/2021/01/29/lct-moeiteava-christened-and-commissioned/&lt;/ref&gt;

amin aicu a puhikukiyan a vunavuti (Funafuti) a namasantalj a ljaljevavavan tua hikuki i tuvalu tucu. sipacacikelan izua makatjelulj a hikuki nua vidji kahikukian (Fiji Airways) a kemasi tua suva a patje vunavuti (Funafuti).

== kasizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>j6rttjqtiheu8br1bqtxf8cmn2cwvy5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Viet</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>97</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12285</id>
      <parentid>10456</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T09:34:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>12285</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3336" sha1="objfq8fpcc0dp9sod8a4wsir6wvmc82" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:San Jose Tet parade, 2009.jpg|thumb|Viet]]
aicu a '''Viet''' (Vinietan: người Việt) zuku nuaya mavan na i [[Vietnam]] a kaizuanan. nasepaljavak tjai [[Vietnam]], Kanata, [[Taiwan]], [[Dripun|Drupun]], Kuria,
[[Tailiku]], katjai Kamucea a Viet zuku.

==supu==
a supu nua Viet a caucau tucu, izua man 86,000,000 sakaizua, qau tjaljatjuruvuan a i pinui  [[Vietnam]] an a Viet a caucau.

{|class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|+supu na Viet (2000)
|-
! kukka
! supu
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Vietnam.svg|25px]] [[Vietnam]] 
|align=right|81,328,696 (2015)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of USA.svg|25px]] US
|align=right|1,548,449 (2010)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Cambodia.svg|25px]] Kamucea
|align=right|600,000
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of France.svg|25px]] France
|align=right|350,000
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Canada.svg|25px]] Kanata
|align=right|220,425 (2011)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]] 
|align=right|200,000 (2014)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Japan.svg|25px]] [[Dripun]] 
|align=right|199,990 (2016)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Germany.svg|25px]] Deuc
|align=right|150,000
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Korea.svg|25px]] Kuria
|align=right|143,000 (2013)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Laos.svg|25px]] Laukue
|align=right|100,000
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Malaysia.svg|25px]] [[Malaysia]] 
|align=right|70,000 (2016)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of UK.svg|25px]] UK
|align=right|28,000
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Czech Republic.svg|25px]] Ceska
|align=right|58,080 (2016)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Poland.svg|25px]] Puland
|align=right|50,000
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Russia.svg|25px]] Ressia
|align=right|36,225
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of China.svg|25px]] [[Tailiku]] 
|align=right|30,000
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Philippines.svg|25px]] [[Pilipinas]]
|align=right|27,600
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Sweden.svg|25px]] Svarye
|align=right|24,465(2016)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Norway.svg|25px]] Nuway
|align=right|21,721(2014)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Netherlands.svg|25px]] Helan
|align=right|20,603(2014)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Thailand.svg|25px]] Tai
|align=right|10,000
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Denmark.svg|25px]] Danmark
|align=right|14,669(2014)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Switzerland.svg|25px]] Swiss
|align=right|14,496
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Qatar.svg|25px]] Qatar
|align=right|8,000 (2008)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Belgium.svg|25px]] Belgien
|align=right|7,151 (2001)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of New Zealand.svg|25px]] Autearua
|align=right|4,875 (2006)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Finland.svg|25px]] Suemi
|align=right|4,645
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Ukraine.svg|25px]] Ukraine
|align=right|3,850 (2001)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Hungary.svg|25px]] Hungary
|align=right|3,019 (2011)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Slovakia.svg|25px]] Slovakia
|align=right|3,000
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Italy.svg|25px]] Italy
|align=right|3,000
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Bulgaria.svg|25px]] Bulgaria
|align=right|2,600
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Brazil.svg|25px]] Brazil
|align=right|1,000
|-
! Total
!align=right|86,000,000
|-
|}

==pungadan a caucau==
*Hồ Chí Minh
* Nguyễn Trãi
* Lý Thái Tổ
*Ngô Đình Diệm

==pacunu uta==
* [[Kam]]

==kaizuanan==</text>
      <sha1>objfq8fpcc0dp9sod8a4wsir6wvmc82</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Vinqacan (Kai nua Cemas)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>98</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10463</id>
      <parentid>10247</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-07-28T23:31:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:ZabesBot|ZabesBot]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>6841</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2309" sha1="2vec9vqp1l92cseimcuvbyyioqvirmw" xml:space="preserve">aicu a '''Vinqacan''' ([[Hiniberayan]]: '''בראשית‎‎''', vinqacan tua nanemanemanga aya patarevan) , vincikan tua qinatian na Cemas tua i kalevelevan katua i kacauan a kana nemanemanga a penuljat, tua kinasizuan nua caucau, nua pasaliw katua siselapai i kacauan; saka vincikan uta tuki nakemuda Cemas a kipakim tua caucau.

[[sineqetj a vecik:Lieber des Ghetto 18.jpg|thumb|''kiniveqacan'' (Ephraim Moses Lilien, 1903)]]

==vincikan==
aicu a vincikan makaya mapangalj a mapatja 2:
===1.-11. vincikan===
aicu itua 1.-11. vincikan tua qemati nua Cemas tua kana nemanemanga a penuljat, kayua kinai kacauan a cavilj nua sangasangan a marka caucau, a ti Adam kati Iva, ti Kain kati Abil, ti Nua katua tjinljevan nua i kadjunangan tuazua, katua kinasengsengan nua marka caucau tua pinaka Babil a vavaw aravac a [[umaq]].

[[sineqetj a vecik:Nuremberg chronicles - f 2v.png|thumb|right|250px|sika 1 a qadaw]]

===12.-50. vincikan===
qau aicu itua 12.-50. vincikan tua kinudan nua marka sevalitan nua [[Israil]] a caucau, a kemasi tjai [[Aberaham]] a namasan kakicualan tua saluan a kipalaing tua Cemas, katua kinudan nua aljak a ti Isak, nua vuvu a ti Yakub a pinaka ti [[Israil]] a papungadan nua Cemas, kata zua man malje 12 a aljak ni Yakub, a mavan a namasan qapulu tua matja 12 nu zukuan ta Israil a caucau. saka azua tjalja masan pazangalan tua sinivecik imaza, mavan a kinudan ni Yusiv katua sinazuan i pasa [[Idjiputu]] nua lja Yakub a mapuljat.

[[sineqetj a vecik:Bourgeois Joseph recognized by his brothers.jpg|thumb|right|250px|Yakub (Léon Pierre Urban Bourgeois, 1863)]]

==namasan pazangal==
saka a namasan pazangal tusa vincikan, inika amin a pasemalaw tua kinudan nua caucau, uri tjemaucikel tua kinudan nua Ceams, a paka maza itua kinanguaq nua qinati na Cemas a kalevelevan katua i kacauan anga a penuljat, katua kiqeces nimadju tu cemiur tua piniliq nimadju a taqaljaqaljan. manasika siacu a vincikan tjemaucikecikel tua sikudan nua Cemas, a papapenepenetj, a patavung tua rupasalivan a caucau, a tjemiak, a pusaladj tua piniliq nimadju a taqaljaqaljan. timadju mana Cemas a paljavaljavak tua tjaucikel. pai s sinika izua nusa vincikan, uri pasamalaw tua saluan ta Cemas nazua taqaljaqaljan a piniliq nua Cemas, saka uri papupicul tua saluan niamadju.

==pacunu uta==
* [[Kai nua Cemas]]</text>
      <sha1>2vec9vqp1l92cseimcuvbyyioqvirmw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wanrong</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>99</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12559</id>
      <parentid>12553</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-05T04:47:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* racev */</comment>
      <origin>12559</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="9868" sha1="6j40979q19hmz7xsdi7dskno1mdt417" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''wanrung'''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Wanrong HL.svg|thumb|center|wanrung imaza(qudjidji a pinakeljang)]] 
|-
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|kalingu king
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|wanli(萬里), malibasi(馬里巴西) 
|-
|sepaljavak
|unem a mula, lima puluq sa unem a talingan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
| 
-古明光 

(pacun ta guciu na wanrung) 

-nasewanrung a gukusiu

-daihiyukay na wanrung

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan 
|618.4910km²
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|ita kuzulj sa sepatj taiday sa siva puluq sa drusa a maru vavavan tadjekuacan (1,492m) 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na caucau-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-unem kuzulj sa itaiday sa siva puluq sa unem a caucau(6,196)(2021 a cavilj tjelu a qiljas)

-masansimuluq saka ita (11)

-drusa kuzulj sa itaiday sa drusa puluq sa sepatj a paljingan

(2,124)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|979
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10015120
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|siulin, zuvung, vunglin, kuangvu, lisuy, zusi, renai, sinyi
|}

wanrung(萬榮) guan (tinairukuan: malibasi) avan nu [[Kalinku king|kalingu king]] tjelu na kacalisian a guan. (izuanan siulin kata zusi guan tauta), au imazaa i pasakaledp a kalingu king, i viri nakidjekec tua siulin, a i kacedas nakidjekec tua vunglin, kuangvu kata lisuy, a i kacedas a viri nakidjekec tua zuvung, au pasamaza ledepan kicencen ta nantu king renai guan kata sinyi guan, a i tjainavalj mavan a zusi. izua tu 618 km² a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan. a kadjunangan nua i kalingu king qevas 13%, aicu imaza tasika tjelu a pasemelaw tua sengsengen i taiwan, a qacavan masansimuluq.

wanrung guan imaza i pavavaw i vecekadan ta gadugaduan tua taiwan, avan nusekuya sana kauvu a kinakadjunangan. au pakata kinamamamavan tua vavavan nua gadu izua unem taiday maru vavavan tadjekuacan. izua wanli pana, mataian pana kata kuangvu pana seqaljudj pasamaza. saka maretimalji a kalevelevan pakata vavavan. aza sikataqaljan tjalja liavan turuku zuku. au izuanan bunun zuku kata taiya zuku. a katalemmang avan aza pakata nugiu. lja aza kadjunangan i wanrung guan avan za tjaljaliavan a gadugaduan, saka aza mareka caucau sedjelja i lizulizuk ljaqedi ta vunglin cen. a racev pakata riuku aravac. izua lintiensan a kivanvangan, aza lisuy ungesing kemaljaliavan a kadjunangan kata hungye a ungesing imaza, ljakua tucu ika  namirazek penuljat anan. a kai tinairukuan kata binunungan. 

== rikishi ==
aza wanrung guan ka ripun djiday avan nu a kacalisian a kadjunangan nua kalingukangting(花蓮港廳) vunglindjin(鳳林郡) hasisiw a kanri. aza ripun kisac na imazamaza kinsic. lemindjelj ta gimeng, djemadjas ta pakata qinaljan a sincen, kicaquan, sikic, aicu a sengesengan. ka 1945 a cavilj, kapuaming a maqaqeci, linindjelj ta gukusiu i ayaw ta “wanli disiaba”, avan nu kadjunangan a “vungling kamakama a cyawli(橋里) gimeng”. au pitjaysangas ka inianan lemindjelj ata icu a disiaba, imaza qivu “maribashi”, wanli tjakudrang aya, saka sipungadan “wanli guan”. ljakua mamaw kata wanli guan i taipaq guan. ka 1958 a cavilj unem a qiljas, pavalitan ta “wanrung guan”, aza gukusiu patjavat sema i “wanrung mula” (morisaka aya ka ripun a djiday) patjeljatucu. aza vecik pakata “maribashi” izua pacugan a “wanrung disiaba”, izuanan sema “gukuciu” kivadaq kata paljilji a imi.    

ka 1929 a cavilj unem qiljas, ti luyezungsiung(鹿野忠雄) zinurung sa djumaki aicu pilin na sicuayan a kakudan a kinaizuanan, ka 1930 a cavilj pakeljang timadju. avan nu sikeljang aicu a yu a qaciljay sinan pazangal na i taiwan, tauta tjaljaqacavan a seman yu a qaciljay na sicuayan a kakudan a kinaizuanan, aicu namakakaizuazua ika liaw i taiwan, pasakacedas asiya kata pasakaceda a navalj asiya a kadjunangan, saka aza kiningkiu qivu ta taiwan masan i vecekadan pakata seman yu a qaciljay a kuka i pasanavalj a ljavek.   

== guciu ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|guciu
|-
|sangasangasan  
|賴文財
|-
|sikamasanmusalj kata sikamasan tjelulj
|黃國政
|-
|sikamasan simatjelj
|林清水
|-
|sikamasan limalj kata sikamasan nemelj
|林忠成
|-
|sikamasan pitjulj kata sikamasan valulj
|許玉盛
|-
|sikamasan sivalj kata sikamasan simuluq
|何信軍
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka ita kata sikamasan simuluq saka drusa
|陳添福
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu
|周榮貴
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj kata sikamasan simuluq saka lima
|陳長明
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka unem 
|蘇連進
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka pitju
|徐金生pinupuaming ta sengsengan
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka pitju
|許玉盛(sevalit ti 徐金生)
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka pitju
|李繼生(sevalit ti 許玉盛)
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka pitju
|張秋美mumalj a sinkiu au pinupuaming ta sengsengan
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka pitju
|林新銀(sevalit ti 張秋美)
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka alu
|古明光
|}

==paljavak tua kadjunangan==
izua tapuluq a qinaljan imaza, Ihownang（紅葉部落）, murisaka（摩里莎卡部落）, maribasi（馬里巴西部落）, matanki（馬太鞍部落）, donkuan（東光部落）, kunuan（固努安部落）, damayan（大馬遠部落）, thgahan（大加汗部落）, ciyakang（支亞干部落）kata gbayang（新白楊部落）.

wanrung guan kemasi viri patje navalj izua silin(西林), djaincin(見晴),wanrung(萬榮), minli(明利), mayuan(馬遠) kata hungye(紅葉) aicu unem a mula. aza qinaljan patjelja tucu avan ka ripun a djiday kipuvarung ta namaitucu a sengesengan avan nu sika maalang. neka caucau imaza, au aza caucau tjatjuruvu a namatevelj ljaqedi ta vunglin cen kata patekuteku ta gadu a ljaviljaving a kadjunangan nua pasakaledep a lisuy. aza kazatjan a kadjunangan tjalja lusepitj, pakata nasidjaravacan a mareka mula imaza, maqati cemalivat pasa vunglin cen kata ljaqedi a qinaljan i lisuy guan.  

silin：ljaqedi ta vunglin cen linrung(林榮) li.

djaincin： ljaqedi ta vunglin cen nanpin(南平) li.

minli： ljaqedi ta vunglin cen cancyaw(長橋) li, izua qinaljan i vavaw(tagahan), qinaljan i taku(minli mula), qinaljan i vecekadan(mataian). 

mayuan：ljaqedi ta lisuy guan vumin(富民) mula(vuyuan a kadjunangan), izua mayuan(馬遠mahowan) kata dungkuang(東光) aicu drusa qinaljan, nasebunun zuku.

hungye：ljaqedi ta lisuy guan risiang(瑞祥) mula. 

wanrung：ljaqedi ta vunglin cen senrung(森榮) li, cangcyaw li kata wanrung guan minli(明利) mula, avan nu wanrung guan a sincen a vecekadan a kadjunangan. 

== caucau ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |+:metjeruvu

-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1981
|alu a kuzulj a caucau (8,000 a caucau)
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |—    
|-
|1986
|pitju a kuzulj sa alu taiday a pitju puluq sa drusa a caucau (7,872 a caucau)
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |−1.6%
|-
|1991
|pitju a kuzulj sa pitju taiday sa alu puluq sa alu a caucau (7,788 a caucau)
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |−1.1%
|-
|1996
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |alu kuzulj sa sepatj a caucau (8,004 a caucau)
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |+2.8%
|-
|2001
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |pitju kuzulj sa unem taiday sa tjelu puluq sa lima a caucau (7,635 a caucau)
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |−4.6%
|-
|2006
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |pitju kuzulj sa drusaiday sa puluq sa unem a caucau (7,216 a caucau)
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |−5.5%
|-
|2011
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |unem kuzulj sa pitju taiday sa lima puluq sa unem a caucau (6,756 a caucau)
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |−6.4%
|-
|2016
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |unem kuzulj sa sepatj taiday sa sepatj puluq a caucau (6,440 a caucau)
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |−4.7%
|}

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''kisiya a djalan'''
|-
|taiwan kisiya kanriki 
|-
|disiaba i wanrung (aicu disiaba imaza i vunglin cen, ljakua avan nu pazangal a paljing nua wanrung) 
|-
|'''basu'''
|-
|basu a kalingu
|-
|'''kunglu'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW9.svg|23px]] masansivalj a djalanan i taiwan  

wanlisi(萬里溪) tjakudrang→vunglin cen cangcyaw(長橋) li(disiaba i wanrung)→mataiansi(馬太鞍溪) tjakudrang(i vunlung cen a kadjunangan)  
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW16.svg|23px]] masan 16 a djalanan i taiwan  
|-
|'''vinaciqan ta djalan'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWhl16.svg|23px]] kalingu puluq sa unem a vinaciqan           
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWhl45.svg|23px]] kalingu sepatj puluq sa lima a vinaciqan           
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWhl50.svg|23px]] kalingu lima puluq a vinaciqan           
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWhl60.svg|23px]] kalingu unem puluq a vinaciqan           
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWhl62.svg|23px]] kalingu unem puluq sa drusa a vinaciqan           
|}

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|gaku na kukumin
|-
|gaku na kukumin a wanrung(萬隆)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a djiancin(見晴)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a hungye(紅葉)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a silin(西林)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a minli(明利)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a mayuan(馬遠) 
|}

== kivangvangan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|富源森林遊樂區
|vuyuan kuka pukasikasivan a kivanvangan
|-
|七彩湖
|cycay djanaw
|-
|紅葉溫泉
|hungye a ungesing
|-
|瑞穗溫泉
|lisuy a ungesing
|-
|萬榮鄉原住民文化園區
|wanrung kacalisian bunka a kadjunangan
|-
|林田山林場
|lintiensan a kivanvangan
|-
|二子山溫泉
|ezesan a ungesing
|-
|六順山
|liusun gadu
|-
|樂嘉溫泉
|letja a ungesing
|}

== racev ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|文旦
|[[buntan]]
|-
|檳榔
|[[saviki]]
|-
|苦茶
|qadiadilj a utja
|-
|咖啡
|kafi
|-
|柑橘
|[[tjanes]]
|-
|檸檬
|[[ningbung]]
|-
|山胡椒
|[[ljivanger]]
|-
|箭竹筍
|[[cuvuq]]
|}

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>6j40979q19hmz7xsdi7dskno1mdt417</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wufeng</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>100</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12156</id>
      <parentid>10576</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-03-16T12:14:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Minorax</username>
        <id>17</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12156</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6461" sha1="p09v2px6ohuwuf30vjat7ajdn3yhg0s" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;  align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''tatoba'''' &lt;br&gt;(wufeng gu)&lt;br&gt;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Mountain of fire-fingers.jpg|thumb|center|wufeng gu]]
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|hsinchu king
|-
|sinankilalaing ta caucau na gu
|葛忠義
|-
|kadjunangan
|227.7280 km2
|-
|caucau
|4,461
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Wufong Township.PNG|thumb|center|inuan i wufeng gu]] 
|-
|}

Wufeng（五峰鄉）

Wufeng gu icuwa i Hsinchu. ala atjunangn mapuljat 210.04&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang  139.96&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 139.96&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 5,114 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 1,895 a daceneqlan, Tayal, Saysiyat (88%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

kaizuazuan na caucau se tayal kata caucau se saysiyat aicu a kadjunangan. mavan aicu a tatoba' a kinangadan na tayal kata saysiyat i tua qinaljan kata kadjunangan imaza. tjaivililj, mangetjez a caucau se ngaingay a semanumaq a temalem tamaza. saka siayaya nia ngaingay tamaza a ngˊ fungˋ hiongˋ. a i pasanavalj aicu a tatoba' i tua hsinchu king. tjaljakedri a caucau imaza i tatoba' ta hsinchu king.

aicu a tatoba' a pasakacedas ta [[Jianshi|nahuy(jianshi gu)]]; a pasanavalj ta [[Tai’an|taian]] na [[Miauli king|bari(miaoli king)]]; a pasaviri ta beipu gu, zhudong, kata hengshan gu; a pasakaledep ta pinSa'o:ol na [[Miauli king|bari]].

==kadjunangan==
tja kineljang aicu a wufeng taza siayaya a wuzhi gadu kasicuayan. kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua aicu a gadu a wuzhi a 1062 m.

pasakaledep a tjainavalj aicu a wufung gu i tua sinipavaljakan nia [[Dripun|dripung]] a 竹東郡(zhudong ayain tucu). sipaljavaljavak a sihu se ciuku tamaza a wufeng gu na hsingchu king tjaivililj.

===zazaljuman===
izua lima a veljeluan a kemasi ta kinacadjan a gaduan a pasamaza a patje zhudong.

====unsing====
cemevucevud a linalja aicu a unsing a siniayaya nia caucau se tayal a ulai pejitan.

==kakudakudan==
===paSta'ay===
puita aicu a paSta'ay imaza ljemita drusa a cavilj. aicu a paSta'ay a kakudakudan a kinapalisian na caucau se saysiyat.

==kasicuayan==

==caucau==
*aicu a vinecikan ta sasupuan kaqadaw a 30 na qiljas a 4 kacavilj a 2017.&lt;ref&gt;[https://w3.hsinchu.gov.tw/house/Wufong/?year=102&amp;month=5&amp;Cno=13| 新竹縣五峰鄉戶政事務所-人口統計報表]. [2013-06-25]. （原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20160310155244/http://w3.hsinchu.gov.tw/houseweb/wufong/webpage/peocount/printhtml.aspx?cno=13&amp;month=5&amp;year=102%7C 存檔]於2016-03-10）.&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
! rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |cun!! rowspan=&quot;4&quot; |lin
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |pinuljatan
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |pairang kataza se ciuku!! colspan=&quot;12&quot; |sekacalisian&lt;ref name=&quot;pop2&quot;&gt;{{Cite web |url=http://abostat.hsinchu.gov.tw/web/AboReport.aspx |title=新竹縣原住民人口統計 |accessdate=2013-06-25 |archive-date=2020-02-28 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200228152059/http://abostat.hsinchu.gov.tw/web/AboReport.aspx |dead-url=no }}&lt;/ref&gt;
|-
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; |pinuljatan
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; |sekacalisian i lizuk
! colspan=&quot;4&quot; |sekacalisian i gadu
|-
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |paljingan
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |caucau
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |paljingan
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |caucau
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |paljingan
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |caucau
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |paljingan
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |caucau
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |paljingan
! colspan=&quot;3&quot; |caucau
|-
!uqaljay
!vavayan
!caucau
!uqaljay
!vavayan
!caucau
!uqaljay
!vavayan
!caucau
!uqaljay
!vavayan
!caucau
!uqaljay
!vavayan
!caucau
|-
|大隘村||23
|597
|851
|748
|1599
|41
|74
|56
|130||556
|777
|692
|1469||11
|4
|25
|29||545||773
|667
|1440
|-
|桃山村||20
|664
|943
|772
|1715
|92
|115
|89
|204||572
|828
|683
|1511||10
|9
|17
|26||562||819
|666
|1485
|-
|花園村||10
|317
|435
|387
|822
|27
|35
|38
|73||290
|400
|349
|749||4
|6
|8
|14||286||394
|341
|735
|-
|竹林村||5
|173
|224
|195
|419
|14
|14
|16
|30||159
|210
|179
|389||5
|7
|7
|14||154||203
|172
|375
|-
!pinuljatan||58
!1751
!2453
!2102
!4555
!174
!238
!199
!437||1577
!2215
!1903
!4118||30
!26
!57
!83||1547||2189
!1846
!4035
|}

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 4 qinaljan i Wufeng. matja 31 qinaljan imaza, Maybalay（和平部落）, Kyu’ang（下比來部落）, Oro’raw:（上比來部落）, Mayl’ux（大冬田部落）, Mayhuman（花園部落）, R’ra’（天湖部落）, Sipazi’（十八兒部落）, Tatoba’（五峰部落）, Sansama:an（上大隘部落）, Sayie（下大隘部落）, Ip’ipa’an bato（朱家莊部落）, Yohae’（高峰部落）, Sansaru（三叉路部落）, Ulay（清泉部落）, Takunan（羅山部落）, Trayan（松本部落）, Lwax khu’（雲山部落）, Minse（民生部落）, R’uyan（白蘭部落）, Ruba’（土場部落）, Kawabata（河頭部落）, Kahaehaeoan（泰平部落）, Ngangihaw（鵝公髻部落）, Singaw（茅圃部落）, Blangaw（桃山部落）, Heku’（黑崮部落）, Kukung（出河部落）, Mintuyu（民都有部落）, Skaru（石鹿部落）, T’apan（忠興部落）, Si’ung（喜翁部落）.

===pinaljavakan===
{| border=&quot;2&quot; class=&quot;wikitable&quot; cellpadding=&quot;2&quot; cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;
| style=&quot;background:#FA8000&quot; | &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:small;&quot;&gt;'''pinaljavakan na wufeng gu'''&lt;/span&gt;
|-----
| align=&quot;left&quot; | &lt;div style=&quot;position: relative;font-size:100%&quot;&gt;
[[sineqetj a vecik:Wufeng villages2.svg|250px]]
&lt;/div&gt;
|}
*sipazi i 大隘 cun, imaza a sihu na wufeng gu.
*mayhuman(babalahoi) i 花園 cun
*takunan i 竹林 cun
*blangaw(babalangaw) i 桃山 cun

==tatuluan==
izua sepatj a gakku a kedrikedri imaza i wufeng gu.

==kakipucemelan==

==iyubingkiuku (yuzeng)==

===sasupuan na iyubingkiuku===
311 a sasupuan na iyubingkiku se yuchi gu.

==remayurangan==

==sipacacikeljan==
===palidring a djalan===
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW122.svg|縣道|23px]] sikamasan 122 a palidring a djalan na hsinchu king, kemasi ta 竹東 a pasamaza a wufeng gu a patje 五峰鄉土場 

===basu===
*basu na hsinchu
**【5628】kemasi ta 竹東 a pasa 下公館 a patjemaza i wufeng gu
**【5629】kemasi tamaza i wufeng gu a patje 清泉
**【5630】kemasi ta 竹東 a pasa 下公館 kata 五峰 a patje 清泉

==djamay==

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>p09v2px6ohuwuf30vjat7ajdn3yhg0s</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wulai</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>101</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12619</id>
      <parentid>12594</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-18T06:04:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>'''</comment>
      <origin>12619</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5236" sha1="9owetklytf8zkeq9s39hoe479ocw2kv" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;  align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''ulay''' &lt;br&gt;(wulai gu)&lt;/br&gt;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Sakura in Wulai.JPG|thumb|center|bulay a hana izua i wulai gu]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Wulai.png|thumb|center|inuan a wulai gu i sinpei]] 
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|tjaljatekuan a gimeng
|sinpei
|-
|sinankilalaing
|周守信
|-
|kadjunangan
|321.1306 km2
|-
|caucau
|6,358
|-
|}
'''Wulai（烏來區）''' gu icuwa i New Taipei City. ala atjunangn mapuljat 333.51&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang 299.28&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 19.98&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 5,931 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 1,793 a daceneqlan, Tayal (47%) a maqcuwa caucau. 
paiwan a maqcuwa caucau. 

tjaljaqaca aicu a ulay a kadjunangan na pinaljavakan a wulai gu i tua sinpei. lialiaw a gadu imaza. sa inika tjuruvu a caucau imaza. a i pasaviri taicu a tjelu a pinaljavakan na sinpei, xindian, shiding, kata pinglin.

==kadjunangan==
aicu a ulay na pinaljavakan a wulai gu tucu i tjaljanavalj i tua sinpi (''New Taipei City'').

===zazaljuman===
pasamaza izua veljeluan nua lamsi (''Lâm-sì-khe'') a kemasi tua vacalj a sunglu (''松蘿湖'') i vecekadan tua gadugaduan a sisan (''雪山'').

==cinalivatan==
===pinaljavakan nua ciuku===
pinapungadan nua sihu a ciuku aicu a ''屈尺群'' tua caucau setayal imaza.&lt;ref&gt;鄭安睎、許維真《烏來的山與人》玉山社，2009年&lt;/ref&gt;

==caucau==
sasupuan nua caucau sekacalisiyan aicu a 2,926 i kacavilj a 2019. ma 2,650 izua caucau setayal; ma 139 izua caucau sepangcah.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.wulai.ntpc.gov.tw/archive/file/%E6%96%B0%E5%8C%97%E5%B8%82%E7%83%8F%E4%BE%86%E5%8D%80109%E5%B9%B4%E4%BA%BA%E5%8F%A3%E7%B5%90%E6%A7%8B%E5%88%86%E6%9E%90.pdf| 109年人口結構分析 (PDF)]. 新北市烏來區公所. [2020-09-24].&lt;/ref&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; font-size:90%&quot;
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1981
!kacavilj a 1982
!kacavilj a 1983
!kacavilj a 1984
!kacavilj a 1985
!kacavilj a 1986
!kacavilj a 1987
!kacavilj a 1988
!kacavilj a 1989
!kacavilj a 1990
|-
!caucau
|3,151
|3,116
|3,116
|3,048
|3,120
|3,079
|3,041
|'''3,039'''
|3,208
|3,193
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1991
!kacavilj a 1992
!kacavilj a 1993
!kacavilj a 1994
!kacavilj a 1995
!kacavilj a 1996
!kacavilj a 1997
!kacavilj a 1998
!kacavilj a 1999
!kacavilj a 2000
|-
!caucau
|3,247
|3,312
|3,627
|3,512
|3,500
|3,502
|3,742
|3,813
|3,906
|4,086
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2001
!kacavilj a 2002
!kacavilj a 2003
!kacavilj a 2004
!kacavilj a 2005
!kacavilj a 2006
!kacavilj a 2007
!kacavilj a 2008
!kacavilj a 2009
!kacavilj a 2010
|-
!caucau
|4,531
|4,631
|4,740
|4,879
|5,128
|5,337
|5,402
|5,603
|5,748
|5,811
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2011
!kacavilj a 2012
!kacavilj a 2013
!kacavilj a 2014
!kacavilj a 2015
!kacavilj a 2016
!kacavilj a 2017
!kacavilj a 2018
!kacavilj a 2019
!kacavilj a 2020
|-
!caucau
|5,927
|5,975
|6,036
|6,165
|6,187
|6,212
|6,320
|'''6,438'''
|6,433
|6,416
|-
|}

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 5 qinaljan i Wulai. matja 4 qinaljan imaza, Tampya（忠治(桶壁)部落）, Ulay（烏來部落）, Lahaw（信賢部落）, Tranan（福山部落）.

===pinaljavakan===
qaca aravac a kadjunangan imaza ljakua inika tjuruvu a caucau a izuazua imaza.

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
|+mapida a caucau na ljemeta paljingan i wulai gu&lt;sub&gt;(qiljas a 8 na kacavilj a 2020)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;ref name=人口&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.ca.ntpc.gov.tw/home.jsp |title=人口計算機 |publisher=新北市政府民政局 |access-date=2020-09-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;
!li!!kagjunangan&lt;ref&gt;{{cite web |url=https://www.wulai.ntpc.gov.tw/archive/file/108%E5%B9%B4%E6%96%B0%E5%8C%97%E5%B8%82%E7%83%8F%E4%BE%86%E5%8D%80%E7%B5%B1%E8%A8%88%E5%B9%B4%E5%A0%B1(1).pdf |title=108年區統計年報 |format=PDF |publisher=新北市烏來區公所 |access-date=2020-09-24}}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;br/&gt;(km²)!!lin!!paljingan!!uqaljay!!vavayan!!penuljat ta caucau
|-
|'''tanpya'''&lt;br/&gt;(li na 忠治)||25.8142||7||560||916||952||1868
|-
|'''ulai'''&lt;br/&gt;(li na 烏來)||28.9031||15||902||1376||1458||2834
|-
|'''lahao'''&lt;br/&gt;(li na 孝義)||51.4106||6||44||130||115||245
|-
|'''agek'''&lt;br/&gt;(li na 信賢)||54.6889||9||194||282||317||599
|-
|'''limogan'''&lt;br/&gt;(li na 福山)||160.3138||6||216||408||414||822
|-
!wulai gu!!321.1306!!43!!1916!!3112!!3256!!6368
|}

==kinatuluan==
izua drusa a gakku a kedrikedri imaza.

===pusupuan===
izua ita a pusupuan imaza i ulay.

==sipacacikelan==

===palidring a djalan===
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW9a.svg|24px|省道]]sikamasansivalj-A a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWtp107.png|32px|鄉道]]sikamasan 107 a palidiring a djalan na taihuku, kemasi ta lizuk a ulay a pasa烏來瀑布（溫泉街）kata 信賢 a patje 福山（信福路）.
**[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWtp107-1.png|32px|鄉道]]sikamasan 107-1 a palidirng a djalan na taihuku

===basu na xindian===
*sikamasan 849 a basu, a kemasi tamaza i ulay a patje ljaljevavavan na taihuku

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>9owetklytf8zkeq9s39hoe479ocw2kv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wutai</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>102</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12264</id>
      <parentid>10345</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T04:22:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* paravacan a racev */-sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12264</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4860" sha1="k8d8i9qeeh8cii9ih2m6jn8wc2wk2lm" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''vudai'''

(霧台鄉)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Vudai, Wutai Township, Pingtung County, Taiwan.jpg|thumb|center|qinaljan i vudai]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Vedai - Būtâi - (Wutai, Pingtung County).svg|center|230px]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak (上級行政區劃)
|qakaw(屏東縣)
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan(舊稱)
|vudai(’inrukayzukan:魯凱語)
|-
|sepaljavak(區劃)
|unem a mula ata djelu a puluq kata sepatj a (lining) 

(6村34鄰) 
|-
|kina'inaljanan a kai(地方語言)
|’inrukayzukan(魯凱語)
|-
|sihu(政府)

-guciu(鄉長)

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacuqan

/lalaingan tua semanrasudjan a tjaivavav(行政機關)

-qinati a hulic a sihu(立法機關)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-杜正吉(pacun ta guan na vudai.霧台鄉鄉長列表)&lt;/nowiki&gt;

- nasetjauvali a vudai(霧台鄉公所)


-daihiyukay  na vudai(霧台鄉民代表會)
|-
|tjaljiqaca a pulingetj/

pulingetjan nua kadjunangan/sasusuan tua pasalavagan na katjunangan

(總面積)
|278.7960平方公里
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu/sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan(平均海拔)
|itakuzulj sa sepatj a taiday kata ita a vavavan  a maru  tadjekuacan(1,401公尺)
|-
|kinavadavadayan nua cawcaw(人口)

-susuan ta kinatjuruvan a caucau a supu/pinenuljatan na cawcaw(總數)

-(pita sasupuan)sikamasan(排名)

-pinaljingan(戶數)
|


-tjelu a kuzulj sa drusa a taitai saka sepatj a puluq  kata sepatj a caucau(3,244人)(2021 a cavilj kata 3 a qiljas, 2020年12月)

- 第33

-itakuzulj saka alu a puluq kata pitju a  paljingan(1,087戶)
|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng

(郵政編碼)
|902
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq  a  sihu/sasusuan na umaq a vecik(戶政資料代碼)
|10013270
|-
|tjuljivaran nua guan(毗鄰)
|timur, makazayzazaya, kuljauc；teldraka(ngadan nua rukai)；inpiing(ngadan  nua rbunun)、beinan、jinfeng)

(三地門鄉、瑪家鄉、泰武鄉；高雄市茂林區；台東縣延平鄉、卑南鄉、金峰鄉)
|}

==Wutai（霧臺鄉）==

Wutai gu icuwa i Pingtung. ala atjunangn mapuljat 304.67&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang  244.47&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 58.03&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 3,314 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 1,058 a daceneqlan, Rukai (98%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

vudai (ngadan nua rukai), i pasakacedas a viri tua [[Qakaw king|qakaw]] tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]], nua alu a 山地鄉 na qakaw.&lt;ref&gt;屏東縣其他的七個山地鄉皆以[https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E6%8E%92%E7%81%A3%E6%97%8F| 排灣族]為主要居民&lt;/ref&gt;

a caucau i vudai, izua tjuruvu a rukaizuku, mavan a tjaratjatuvu a qinaljan na rukai uta.

avan a amin a qinaljan na rukai i nakacalisiyan na guan na qakaw.

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 6 qinaljan i Wutai. matja 8 qinaljan imaza, Kabalelradhane（神山部落）, Kinulane（吉露部落）, Adiri（阿禮部落）, Wutai（霧臺部落）, Karamemedesane（佳暮部落）, Kudrengere（谷川部落）, Kucapungane（好茶部落）, Labuwan（大武部落）.

vudai, mavaday a aicu a guciu tua unem a mula:

Labuwan /Labuane, ka secevungsevung ta 八八a raljiz, sinamazan i 長治鄉長治a qinaljan a百合.

Kinulane: sicuayanga a ngadan avan a 去怒、去露. ka secevungsevung ta 八八a raljiz, sinamazan i長治鄉長治a qinaljan a 百合.

Adiri: ka secevungsevung ta 八八a raljiz, sinamazan i 長治鄉長治a qinaljan a 百合.

Kucapungane: ka secevungsevung ta 八八a raljiz, sinamazan ta rinari i makazayazaya, sa papungadan ta古茶布安（新新好茶）imaza.

Karamemedesane: ka secevungsevung ta 八八a raljiz, sinamazan i 長治鄉長治a qinaljan a 百合.

a vecekadan a kinapangaljan a paljavak na vudai a guciu, izua a djelu a qinaljan, mavan a Vudai, Kabalelradhane/Kabalelathane, Kudrengere/Ila.

==tatuluan==
izua drusa a gakku a kedrikedri imaza i vudai(wutai gu).

==caucau==

masa a vudai i gaduan, kedrikedri a cauvau imaza. avan a tjara kedri a caucau a sepaljavak i [[Qakaw king|qakaw]] uta.

ljawa, ka pinaljavak na [[Maolin|teldreka(maolin gu)]] na takaw matucu, mavan a tjara kedri a caucau a guciu i taiwan.

==paravacan a racev==
(vasa), vurasi, vaqu, vaday
&lt;gallery&gt;
芋頭.jpg|vasa
Sweet potatoes 2.jpg|vurasi
江苏泰州小米.jpg|vaqu
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==sipacacikelan==

===palidring a djalan===
[[sineqetj a vecik:Tai 24.svg|23px|a]] sikamasan 24 a palidring a djalan na taiwan
===kayakay===
sipacacikel aicu a kayakay imaza tua vudai katua kudrengere.

[[sineqetj a vecik:Wutai villages.svg|thumb|Wutai villages]]

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>k8d8i9qeeh8cii9ih2m6jn8wc2wk2lm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Xincheng</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>103</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10878</id>
      <parentid>10823</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T12:47:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.230.38|79.163.230.38]]（[[User talk:79.163.230.38|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>6846</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="12483" sha1="3cyyhawemc5c46xu7oikbd8agr0d3rr" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''sincen'''

(新城鄉)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:新城車站(3).jpg|thumb|center|ljaljevavavan na sincen]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Xincheng HL.svg|thumb|center|sincen imaza(qudjidji a pinakeljang)]] 
|-
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|kalingu king
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|daluwan(大魯宛), yenhay(研海), takidis 
|-
|sepaljavak
|alu a mula, drusa taiday sa drusa puluq sa sepatje a talingan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
|
 
-何禮臺(pacun ta guciu na sincen) 

-nasesincen a gukusiu

-daihiyukay na sincen

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan 
|29.4095 km²
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|puluq sa pitju a maru vavavan tadjekuacan (17m) 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na caucau-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-ita kudrav sa siva kuzulj sa siva taiday sa siva puluq sa siva a caucau(19,999)(2021 a cavilj tjelu a qiljas)

-masansimatjelj

-pitju kuzulj sa alu taiday sa unem puluq sa pitju a paljingan (7,867)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|971
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10015040
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|hualien hici, siulin
|}

sincen（新城鄉）

sincen guan (tinurukuan: alang paru；’inamizukuan: sudadatan；pinairangan: sin-siânn-hiong；nginaingayngan: sinˋ shang hiongˋ）, sicuayan izua drusa ngadan timadju tauta duluman kata daluwan. i maza i pasaviri tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]] a [[Kalinku king|kalingu king]], a i viri kata keledep nakidjekec tua siulin, a i tjaikacedas na kicevung tua taipingyan, a i navalj kicaing ta milun pana dideq kata [[Hualien|hualien hici]]. a sikici 29.4095 km², na ljaqedi  ta hulien hici avan ta tjaljakedrian a qinaljan i [[Kalinku king|kalinguking]].  

aicu guan sangasangasan a siljitaladje ta kalingu, aza kinaizuanan a kadjunangan a kicain ta gadu sa i ljaving ta ljavek, saka izua ngadan “sincen kasintan” aya qivu. aza ljaviljaving a paka ljavek a djalan kemasi navalj i cisintan(七星潭) sema viri mata yueyawan(月牙灣) a pacunan ta ljavek. izua liaw talem a racev kata kakudanan, mirazek ta sengsengan a qacilay kata inalang a qaciljay. saka taqinaljan kidjalu tu salenguwaq, izua masa ljivavaw mirazek a kivangavangan.    

ljadut ta hualien hici, mamaw kata djian guan mirazerazek a hici, aicu penuljat ta hici a caucau kimaya djemaljum drusa puluq kudraw. au a i kalinguking tjaljaqacavan a vavelian a siubay “carrefour”, “hola”, imaza a king.  

== kadjunangan ==
a kadjunangan i sincen guan sedjlj lizulizu, avan angata 97% pakata penuljat a kadjunangan a guan. a kinalangan nua kadjunangan ladruq saka lusepitj, maka ljaviljaving kemasi viri patje navalj tu 16 km, a kemasi kacedas patje keledep tjalja melavan kimaya 5 km. izua milun(美崙) pana, sanzan(三棧) pana kata shumici(須美基) pana cemalivat semamaza. au pakata sengsengan, ngiu, kiciqaw, izuanan semaqaciljay miraezk tauta. pakata kinapangaljan a paljavak i sincen guan, izua alu qinaljan, sinecen, senan, kangle, dahan, beipu, djalin, djali kata djasin. a penuljat a guan izua sincen kata beipu, aicu drusa qinaljan piniliq pasaviri a sincen kata pasanavalj a sincen. aicu drusa a qinaljan avan za sanzan pana a dideq. aza kinacadjan tu 12 km. aicu pasaviri a sincen matjadrusa mula izua sincen kata senan, na kicaing ta tairuku nua kuka kakivangvangan kata suhua kunglu. izua gaku na kutjung a siulin, gaku na kukumin a sincen, disiaba i sincen, biu i sincen, sincen a kakivangvangan, sincen a sicuayan a hici. sinipapungadan a nanemanga i maza i pasaviri a sincen, ljakua aicu imaza a caucau amin tu drusa kuzulj sa lima taiday. kimaya 1/8 pakata penuljat a guan. au izua unem a qinaljan, beipu, djali, dahan, kangle, djasin kata djalin, kimaya aza penuljat a caucau pakata sincen guan imaza. a kinaljcadjan izua tu 3 km kata hualien hici, izua disiba i beipu, sincen a gukusiu kata venecikan na takakudan a umaq, na nugiu cacukingan, iubingkiyuku, kakipucemelan a kalingu nua sivitai a kuga, cisintan, kalingu hikugiu, tjasan hikugiu na sivitai, dahan daigaku, kuzing haysin kaucung a gaku, gaku na kutjung a sincen, na sihu a papudingkingki kata vavelian a siubay “carrefour”, a tjalja papazangal a kikang imaza linindjelj. 

== kalevelevan ==
a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledev, a ta caviljan a sezaman 22.5°C, au a sikudjaljan avan 2264 mm, nasuzusi a igininkan a kalevelevan. 

== cinalivatan ==
aicu sincen guan ka sicuayan pakata turukuzuku a qivu “daluwan”, saka pairang a qivu “duluman” kata “dawkeman”. ka cinting a djiday, ti wuchuan(吳全) kacuing a nugiw semamaza a qemuma, lja turukuzuku puliaw a kiqeci malap tua quluqulu, au cukulu ta ripa sikiqecen ta turukuzuku, avan nu sikipu ngadan ta “sincen”(imi atalasi a hici)” . ulja aza izua kacalisian mangetjez a kilivu avanzua kitjukuda vaik a pasanavalj. ka 1875 a cavilj, ti kamakama a ludacun(羅大春) kacuing a sivitai semandjalan kemasi suaw(蘇澳) mata kalingu, au sinivarung imaza masan ta sangasangasan a guan siljitaladje ta kalingu, saka izua ngadan “sincen ” aya qivu. ka 1896 a cavilj, lja yiwe(乙未) makilu ta ripun a maqaqeci avan zua qavan nua ripun semamaza. ka 1914 a cavilj, aza ripun kamakama zudjudjian zumatay (佐久間左馬太) kacuing a sivitai vaik a kiqeci djemadjas tu turukuzuku, ka maka semanguaq lemingdjelj ta kalingukangting(花蓮港廳) a sincen citing(支廳), aza ripun sihu ulja mapuala ta sinikakudan ti kamakama zudjudjian, saka ka 1920 a cavilj, cemekaulj aza ngadan ta “yenhay” timadju, sincen citing pavalitan ta “yenhay citing” , a sini varung lemindjelj pinyei(平野) ci. ka 1937 a cavilj, aicu pakata kalingukangting a pavalitan a sirasudjan, cucansu pavalitan tua citing. sualapen yenhay citing, saka pinyei ci pavalitan ta “yenhay zuang”, kanri pakata kalingukangting a kalingudjin. au kapuamin a maqaqeci  avan nanan za kinipungadan, kanri ta kacalisian a kadjunangan nasekalingudjin, linindjelj ta yenhay guan imaza, saka ka 1946 a cavilj, pavalian ta “sincen” aicu a ngadan, “sincen guan” aya, au ulja ceviqen a kacalisian a kadjunangan, linindjelj ta siulin guan patje tucu.    

==guciu ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|guciu
|-
|sangasangasan kata sikamasanmusalj
|鄭德運
|-
|sikamasan tjelulj 
|吳萬紫
|-
|sikamasan simatjelj kata sikamasan limalj
|曾炳西
|-
|sikamasan nemelj kata sikamasan pitjulj
|吳萬紫
|-
|sikamasan valulj kata sikamasan sivalj
|林榮亮
|-
|sikamasan simuluq kata sikamasan simuluq saka ita
|陳朝和
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka drusa kata sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu
|傅慶華
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj kata sikamasan simuluq saka lima
|何禮台
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka unem kata sikamasan simuluq saka pitju
|錢自立
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka alu
|何禮台
|}

== paljavak tua kadjunangan ==
matja 8 qinaljan i sincen. matja 12 qinaljan imaza, pacidal（華陽部落）, paudadan（大德﹙巴烏拉藍﹚部落）, lalumaang（東方羅馬部落）, palamitan（康樂部落）, kaliyawan（嘉里部落）, cilapuk（嘉新部落）, sudadatan（新城部落）, pibutingan（順安部落）, hupu（北埔部落）, katanka（佳林部落）, pabuisan（北星部落）, palinkaan（復興部落）.
== caucau ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;
-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1981
|ita kudrav sa alu a kuzulj sa drusa a taiday sa tjelu puluq sa unem a caucau (18,236 a caucau)
| -
|-
|1986
|ita kudrav sa siva kuzulj sa itaiday sa tjelu puluq sa lima a caucau (19,135 a caucau)
| +4.9%
|-
|1991
|ita kudrav sa siva kuzulj sa drusa taiday sa alu puluq sa unem a caucau (19,286 a caucau)
| +0.8%
|-
|1996
|drusa kudrav sa tjelu a taiday sa tjelu puluq sa sepatj a caucau (20,334 a caucau)
| +5.4%
|-
|2001
|drusa kudrav sa pitju taiday sa drusa a caucau (20,702 a caucau)
| +1.8%
|-
|2006
|drusa kudrav sa alu taiday sa drusa puluq sa drusa a caucau (20,822 a caucau)
| +0.6%
|-
|2011
|drusa kudrav sa itaiday sa tjelu puluq a caucau (20,130 a caucau)
| -3.3%
|-
|2016
|drusa kudrav sa drusaiday sa pitju puluq sa sepatj a caucau (20,274 a caucau)
| +0.7%
|}
a sincen guan masansimatjelj a caucau i kainlinguking, au masansitjelulj a mavalidan pakata kinapangaljan a paljavak. saka aicu a mavalidan tjaljavavaw ta na kuka a papamaw. tucu 15 a caviljan, aza caucau itua 20000-21000, ka 2019 a cavilj lima qiljas mamaw kata 2011 a cavilj a cuaucau. ika na miralua a tjuruvuan ta caucau. avan nu masan maljian na hici a mirazek i taiwan. ljakua tucu a kinsihu i beipu mula semanumaq tu 651 paljingan a ljavavavavan izua tu pitju a sinan na maqacuvucuvung a kakaizuanan, a sinan tjaljatekuan avan za siubay, au kinsihu a kisang djemaulj ta uli sa siubuy a sengesengan. lja aicu a kadjunangan ljadut ta hualien hici, izua qacaqaca a  siuby linindjelj imaza, nu tjaivilianga qatjaw masan tua i kalingu a tjaljat djaljavan a mirazek a kadjunangan.

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''kisiya a djalan'''
|-
|taiwan kisiya kanriki 
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i pasa viri
|-
|disiaba i sincen
|-
|disiaba i beipu(北埔)
|-
|'''basu'''
|-
|basu a kalingu
|-
|basu a tairuku
|-
|basu a ku kang
|-
|basu a dunglian
|-
|basu a sudu 
|-
|basu a taipaq 
|-
|basu a hici nua kalingu king
|-
|'''kunglu'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW8.svg|23px]] masansivalulj a djalanan i taiwan (zunghen kunglu)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW9.svg|23px]] masansivalj a djalanan i taiwan (suhua kunglu)
|-
|'''vinaciqan ta djalan'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW193.svg|23px]] itaiday siva puluq sa tjelu a vinaciqan           
|-
|'''hikugiu'''
|-
|kalingu hikugiu 
|}

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|daigaku
|-
|dahan daigaku
|-
|kaucung a gaku
|-
|kuzing haysin kaucung a gaku
|-
|gaku na kutjung
|-
|gaku na kutjung a sincen
|-
|gaku na kutjung a siulin
|-
|gaku na kukumin 
|-
|gaku na kukumin a sincen
|-
|gaku na kukumin a beipu 
|-
|gaku na kukumin a kanle(康樂)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a djali(嘉里)
|}

== hasisiw ==
i kalingu sincen a hasisiw 

gimeng a beipu(北埔)

gimeng a djali(嘉里)

gimeng a djamin(佳民)

gimeng a djawan(加灣)

== kakipucemelan ==
kakipucemelan a kalingu nua sivitai a kuga 

sincen isisiu  

== kinsic ==
==== nugiu ====
izua talem a racev, katawa, puday, ljaceng, paday kata vurasi. izua mapulju na temalem ta suyka, rigayan a qudis, veljevelj kata kamurav. pakata ziriu a kinisan nua kingsihu, aza i sincen guan a dikilu qumaing a kadjunangan 943.87 marutarauljan. tucuan cavilj lja tja sanpazangalem a nugiu sengsengan kata kaizuangata kakivanvanngan tu mirazek, aza nugiu patagilj a papirazek ta i qinaljan a maljian a racev sipaveli pasa gaikuk, paruza katawa, vasa, vurasi, zinaung qaljeceqec a ljaceng kata lukuc. a pakata kiciqaw, izua paka pana puciqavan kata pakaljaving ta ljavek. makapana a ciqaw izua liaw a maljetimalj a kanaciqavan, saka izua kisan cukuluing tua malji a na ciqaw a racev a kuba. pakata pana puciqavan, liaw a ukui amareka ciqaw, hama kata quzang.

==== kuba ====
sincen guan a sengsengan avan za malanglang ta qaciljay, izua mareka maljimalji a kana qaciljaciljaing, izua zaqtja. au penuljat drusa pulua sa tjelu a kuba, nu ita cavilj a inalangan izua tu lima puluq sa sepatj a laulavan.   

==== siubay ====

== kivangavangan ==
aicu ziriu pakata caucau semamaza i cisintan(七星潭) 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau a penuljat pakata cavilj
|caucau pakata ljemitaqiljas
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|2014
|1,249,196
|104,100
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-20.66%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2015
|1,404,469
|117,039
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+11.06%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2016
|1,441,282
|120,107
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+2.62%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2017
|1,358,944
|113,245
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-5.71%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2018
|1,062,612
|88,551
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-21.81%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2019
|1,185,843
|98,820
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+10.47%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2020
|731,466
|60,956
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-38.32%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|}

== racev ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|酸菜
|qaljeceqec a ljacen
|-
|九號花生
|paketjaw
|-
|木瓜
|katawa
|-
|麻糬
|qavay
|-
|芋心番薯
|vurasi kata vasa italadj
|-
|翻車魚
|manbu ciqaw
|-
|大理石
|djiljeqi a valjy
|-
|玫瑰石
|qaciljay a mikui
|}

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>3cyyhawemc5c46xu7oikbd8agr0d3rr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Xinyi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>104</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12193</id>
      <parentid>11185</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-05T17:25:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kivangavangan */</comment>
      <origin>12193</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6763" sha1="qhl3pf4s1yiyc4o70mu1hd391utvs14" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;  align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''xinyi''' 
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Wanghsiang with mountain view.jpg|thumb|center|pinapacunan a xinyi]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Nehunpu - Sìngī - (Xinyi, Nantou County).svg|thumb|center|inuan i xinyi]] 
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|tjaljatekuan a gimeng
|lamtaw (nantou county)
|-
|san kilalaing ta gu a caucau
|全志堅
|-
|kadjunangan
|1,422.4188 km2
|-
|caucau
|15,825
|-
|}

Xinyi（信義鄉）

Xinyi gu icuwa i Nantou. ala atjunangn mapuljat 1,423.52&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang 1,067.28&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 113.33&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 12,373 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 3,695 a daceneqlan, Bunun (76%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

kinaizuazua a qinaljan nua se[[Bunun|bunun]] a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] aicu a nehunpu a kadjunangan. izua caucau a cou uta. tjatjuruvu a caucau imaza a bunun. imaza izua kakaian na bunun kata cou.

==kadjunangan==
izua gadu a saviah kata gadugaduan i vecekadan tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]] imaza. pasaviri ta paran (ren'ai gu) kata [[Yuchi|qabizay (yuchi gu)]]; pasakacedas ta malibasi (wanrung gu) na kalinku king‎; pasakaledep ta cuili (shuili gu), kiuⁿ-á-liâu (lugu gu), kata lîm-kí-poo (zhushan lizuk); pasanavalj ta ngani (taoyuan gu) na takaw(kaohsiung king).

==kasicuayan==
cuaicuayanga a pinaljavakan nia dripung a sinkaw gu (新高郡) na taichung ciu ta qinaljan kata kadjunangan imaza. tjaivililj ta kacavilj a 1945, sipaljavaljavak na sihu nia ciukuk tamaza a luna gu saka xinyi gu tucu.

na qivu a '''pinaseljangan na qinaljan sekacalisian i taiwan''' tu semekez a siayaya tamaza a xinyi nu i kacaviljan a 2014. cempeliv a caucau ta pinapungadan a kadjunangan tamaza a nehunpu.

==caucau==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; font-size:90%&quot;
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1981
!kacavilj a 1982
!kacavilj a 1983
!kacavilj a 1984
!kacavilj a 1985
!kacavilj a 1986
!kacavilj a 1987
!kacavilj a 1988
!kacavilj a 1989
!kacavilj a 1990
|-
!caucau
|17,561
|17,598
|17,754
|17,866
|17,860
|17,868
|17,859
|17,982
|18,010
|17,835
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1991
!kacavilj a 1992
!kacavilj a 1993
!kacavilj a 1994
!kacavilj a 1995
!kacavilj a 1996
!kacavilj a 1997
!kacavilj a 1998
!kacavilj a 1999
!kacavilj a 2000
|-
!caucau
|17,830
|17,955
|18,079
|'''18,304'''
|18,096
|18,151
|18,006
|17,869
|17,750
|17,673
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2001
!kacavilj a 2002
!kacavilj a 2003
!kacavilj a 2004
!kacavilj a 2005
!kacavilj a 2006
!kacavilj a 2007
!kacavilj a 2008
!kacavilj a 2009
!kacavilj a 2010
|-
!caucau
|17,811
|17,761
|17,593
|17,421
|17,356
|17,222
|17,258
|17,166
|17,360
|17,314
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2011
!kacavilj a 2012
!kacavilj a 2013
!kacavilj a 2014
!kacavilj a 2015
!kacavilj a 2016
!kacavilj a 2017
!kacavilj a 2018
!kacavilj a 2019
!kacavilj a 2020
|-
!caucau
|17,059
|16,802
|16,727
|16,813
|16,525
|16,381
|16,253
|16,230
|16,006
|'''15,878'''
|}

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 14 qinaljan i Xinyi. matja 17 qinaljan imaza, Lanngdun（人倫部落）, Qapuciu（洽波石部落）, Tamazuan（達瑪巒部落）, Isingan（雙龍部落）, Laidazuan(malavi)（潭南部落）, Naihunpu（明德部落）, Salitung（豐丘部落）, Sinapalan（希哪巴瀾部落）, Halusipun（筆石部落）, Luluna（羅娜部落）, Qalipusungan（阿里不動部落）, Mahavun （Mamahavunna）（久美部落）, Kalibuan（望鄉部落）, Tungpu daigaz（東埔部落）, Ilausan（依勞善部落）, Valana（法蘭娜部落）, Hanbizan（涵碧蘭部落）.

===sinan kilalaing ta xinyi===
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; | style=&quot;margin: 0px&quot; |
!sazazatj||tima||zazuman
|-
|sangasangasan||全昇平||
|-
|sikamasanmusalj||全萬盛||
|-
|sikamasantjelulj|| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |全天祥||
|-
|sikamasansimatjelj||
|-
|sikamasanlimalj||rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |全紹仁||
|-
|sikamasanemelj||
|-
|sikamasanpitjulj|| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |全天祥||
|-
|sikamasanvalulj||
|-
|sikamasansivalj||rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |田福定||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq|| 
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka ita|| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |全文盛||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka drusa||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka tjelu||全文章||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka sepatj||rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |田炳源||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka lima|| 
|-
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka unem||rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |史強||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka pitju||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka alu||全志堅||
|}

===pinaljavakan===
[[sineqetj a vecik:Xinyi villages.svg|thumb|350px|mapida a cun i ljemita pinaljavakan]]

{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: center;&quot;
|-
!cun !! kadjunangan&lt;br/&gt;&lt;small&gt;(km²)&lt;/small&gt; !! lin !! paljingan !! caucau
|-
|潭南村 || 63.78 || 4 || 219 || 791 
|-
|地利村 || 258.42 || 5 || 331 || 1,143 
|-
|雙龍村 || 305.61 || 7 || 232 || 801 
|-
|東埔村 || 386.19 || 6 || 367 || 1,249 
|-
|同富村 || 51.49 || 15 || 629 || 1,645 
|-
|神木村 || 56.13 || 12 || 314 || 736 
|-
|望美村 || 34.33 || 9 || 578 || 1,886 
|-
|羅娜村 || 39.12 || 6 || 513 || 1,695 
|-
|新鄉村 || 10.12 || 6 || 205 || 758 
|-
|自強村 || 29.24 || 11 || 320 || 821 
|-
|愛國村 || 15.38 || 9 || 221 || 556 
|-
|明德村 || 80.14 || 14 || 654 || 1,670 
|-
|人和村 || 127.04 || 10 || 422 || 1,490 
|-
|豐丘村 || 25.29 || 5 || 272 || 765 
|-
|'''xinyi gu''' || '''1422.4188''' || '''119''' || '''5277''' || '''16,006''' 
|-
|}

==kinatuluan==
izua tapuluq saka unem a gakku a kedrikedri imaza.

== kivangavangan ==
&lt;gallery&gt;
玉山主峰 01.jpg|
Looking down on Dashueiku.jpg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==sipacacikelan==

===djalan na kasiya===
djalan na kasiya i kasikasiw i psoseongana(gadu a alishan)
*izua ljaljevavavan a dueigaoyue i djalan a cusan(chushan)

===palidring a djalan===
* [[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW16.svg|省道|23px]]sikamasansimuluq saka unem a palidring a djalan na taiwan
* [[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW18.svg|省道|23px]]sikamasansimuluq saka alu a palidring a djalan na taiwan (嘉義玉山線)
* [[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW21.svg|省道|23px]]sikamasan 21 palidring a djalan na taiwan (水里玉山線)
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt56.png|30px]]sikamasan 56 a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt91.png|30px]]sikamasan 91 a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt93.png|30px]]sikamasan 93 a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt95.png|30px]]sikamasan 95 a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt97.png|30px]]sikamasan 97 a palidring a djalan na lamtaw

===basu===
*yanlin basu(Yuan Lin Bus Co., Ltd.)

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>qhl3pf4s1yiyc4o70mu1hd391utvs14</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Xiulin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>105</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12440</id>
      <parentid>10320</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-13T09:28:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12440</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="11605" sha1="ic98egwtrvpeet3r7koyb21g5m87fnz" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''siuling'''

&lt;small&gt;(秀林鄉)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Xiulin HL.svg|thumb|center|siulin imaza(qudjidji a pinakeljang)]] 
|-
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|kalingu king
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|silin(士林)  
|-
|sepaljavak
|siva a mula, itaiday sa drusa puluq a talingan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
| 
-王玫瑰(pacun ta guciu na siulin) 

-nasesiulin a gukusiu

-daihiyukay na siulin

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan 
|1641.8555 km²
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|ita kuzulj sa lima taiday sa unem puluq sa sepatj a maru vavavan tadjekuacan (1,564m) 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na caucau-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-ita kudrav sa unem kuzulj sa itaiday sa unem puluq sa lima a caucau(16,165)(2021 a cavilj tjelu a qiljas)

-masansinemelj 

-sepatj kuzulj sa siva taiday sa sepatj puluq sa siva a  paljingan (4,949)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|971
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10015110
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|hualien hici, sincen, djian, zuvung, wanrung, nanaw (i yilan), heping ci( i taizung), renai (i nantu)
|}
siuling guan (tinurukuan: Bsuring), i maza i pasaviri tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]] a [[Kalinku king|kalinku king]], a i viri nakicaing ta heping a pana dideq kata nan-aw gu, a i tjaikacedas a viri na kicevung tua taipingyan, a i kacedas a keledep kicaing tua [[Xincheng|sincen]], [[Hualien|hualien hici]], [[Ji’an|djian]], [[Shoufeng|suvung]], au a pasamaza ledepan kicencen ta i heping kata ren-ay guan, a i navalj nakicaing tua i wanrung guan. a tjaljaqacan a guan i taiwan, au tjaljatjuruvuan ta caucau ta i kacalisian a guan.

izua tu 1,642 km² a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan na siuling gu. a kadjunangan namalap tu qevas 35% i [[Kalinku king|kalinku king]], a kinaqacan sika masantjelulj a kinakudralan tua i taiwan a paljavak. izua a ita kudraw sa unem kuzulj a caucau, ka 2020 a caviljan sika sepatj a qiljas vinutanga nantu sin-yi guan, masan tjaljatjuruvuan a kacalisian i [[qinaljan]]. sedjelj a turuku zuku.    

a kadjunangan i siuling guan avan za gadugaduan kata calisi izua 99%, kimaya a na li-wu a pana kata heping a pana a tjinevelj a vudavudasan lizuk. saka aza caucau tjatjuruvu a namatevelj imaza. au avan ca kinalangan nua kadjunangan pakata tairugu nua kuka kakivangvangan kata masansivalj a djalanan i taiwan (zunghen kunglu) saka masan tjalja pungadan.   

== kadjunangan ==
i pasakacedasan a siuling gu imaza gadugaduan i vecekadan tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]], avan nusekuya sana kauvu a kinakadjunangan. saka a kalevelevan kilaing tua vavavan na gadu sa maretimalji a kalevelevan. aza [[qinaljan]] tjaliav a nasepaljavak tua turuku a kakiunangan. aicu a i maza a sikataqaljan sedjelj a seturuku a caucau, namirazek aravac tataliduan. izua a pana a pasamaza, izua heping a pana, li'u a pana, cinsuy a pana, muga a pana. kata tjaljavavavan a gadu imaza, izua nanhu a gadu (南湖大山), zungyangtjian a gadu (中央尖山), cilay a gadu(奇萊山),wumin a gadu (無名山), akana hehuan gadu i pasakacedasan (合歡山東峰).

== cinalivatan ==
ka cinting a djiday, siuling sipavecik ta taitu zilizu a kicapilj. ka ripun a djiday, pinaka “nakacalisian a kadjunangan”, au sipavecik ta  yenhay citing kata kalinkukangting a rukicapiljan ta nakacalisian a sengsengan. au kapuamin a maqaqeci, nasinipavecik a pi[[Xincheng|sincen gu]]. ka 1946 a caviljan. aza sihu venarung tu paljiavavav ta qiniladjan kata pusaladj a pakata nemanga i kacalisian kadjunangan, i tua ta maqepu a kacalisian [[qinaljan]] kata mamazangiljan pukakudan, au pavalitan ta “gu”, saka a semusu tua niamadju a rarasudjan, ulja ljiavavav a qiniladjan a sinkiw. linindjelj ta “wusilin” avan angata aicu siuling maitucu. izua pitjaisangas a ngadan, avan “selin gu”(士林鄉), lja mamaw kata “selin” i taipaq, saka pakata kadjunangan a kinanguaqan. izua liaw a gaugauan kata kasiw, saka avananga ta sinipungadan “siuling guan”.

tucu sinivarung ta pavalitan ta “[[tairuku]]” aicu ngadan a [[qinaljan]], ulja masansimatjelj aza kacalisian a qinaljan pitjaivililj ta alisan, timur kata namasia pasucikel tua kangadanan.&lt;ref&gt;[https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/politics/paper/179412| 花蓮秀林鄉 也想正名為太魯閣鄉]. [2008-01-02].&lt;/ref&gt;

== guciu ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|guciu
|-
|sangasangasan 
|陳新生
|-
|sikamasanmusalj kata sikamasantjelulj 
|吳奉先
|-
|sikamasan simatjelj kata sikamasan limalj
|陳學益
|-
|sikamasan nemelj 
|林芳榮
|-
|sikamasan pitjulj
|詹榮文
|-
|sikamasan valulj kata sikamasan sivalj 
|廖守臣
|-
|sikamasan simuluq 
|陳勇魁
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka ita kata sikamasan simuluq saka drusa
|李繼生
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu kata sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj 
|黃輝寶
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka lima kata sikamasan simuluq saka unem 
|許淑銀
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka pitju
|李春風(puaming ta sengsengan)

王國洲(sevalitan)

李春風(mumalj a sinkiu au pinapuaming ta sengsengan)

蔡瑞光(sevalitan)

李繼生(sevalitan)

蔡光輝(sevalitan)
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka alu
|王玫瑰(tucu)
|}

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|nasidjaravacan
|-
|'''kisiya a djalan'''
|-
|taiwan kisiya kanriki 
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i pasa viri
|-
|disiaba i sincen
|-
|disiaba i beipu(北埔)
|-
|disiaba i cungde
|-
|disiaba i djinmey
|-
|disiaba i sincen
|-
|'''basu'''
|-
|basu a kalinku
|-
|basu a tairuku
|-
|basu a ku kang
|-
|basu a kamalan 
|-
|basu a hici nua kalinku king
|-
|'''kunglu'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW8.svg|23px]] masanvalulj a djalanan i taiwan (zunghen kunglu)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW9.svg|23px]] masansivalj a djalanan i taiwan (suhua kunglu)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW9c.svg|23px]] masansivalj a bin(丙) a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW14.svg|23px]] masansimuluq sa sepatj a djalanan i taiwan
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW14a.svg|23px]] masansimuluq sa sepatj a tja(甲) djalanan i taiwan
|-
|'''minatu'''
|-
|heping a minatu pakata simindu
|}

== paljavak tua kadjunangan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|mula
|qinaljan (tinurukuan a ngadan) 
|-
|heping

(和平)
|克尼布（Knlibu，和平）

吾谷子（Gukut，和中/姑姑仔）

卡納岸（Qnragan，和仁）
|-
|cungde

(崇德)
|得卡倫（Dgarung）

得吉利（Tkijig，崇德/立霧）
|-
|vuse

(富世)
|可樂（Qrgi）

富世（Bsngan，太魯閣）

民樂 (Tnbarah)

aicu minle [[qinaljan]] masan ta kakaizuanan aza caucau patje maza kemasi datung [大同（Skadang，沙卡噹）] qinaljan kata dali [大禮（Huhus，赫赫斯）] qinaljan. 
|-
|siuling

(秀林)
|陶樸閣（Tpuqu）

秀林（Bsuring）

固祿（Kulu）

道拉斯（Dowras）
|-
|djinmey

(景美)


|克奧灣（Qowqan，加灣）

德利克（Driq，加灣）

德基傌（Djima，加灣）

巴達幹（Btakan，加灣）

波拉旦（Pratan，三棧）

斯母丹（Smudal，三棧）

卡拉給（kraka，三棧）

樂八散（lbasan，三棧）

德基岸龍崖（Tqian Rungay，三棧）

格督尚（Kdusan）
|-
|tjamin

(佳民)
|
|-
|suiyen

(水源)
|水源（Pajiq）

比告（Bikaw）
|-
|tungmen

(銅門)
|依柏合（Ibuh）

銅門（Dowmung）
|-
|wenlan

(文蘭)
|aicu imaza i pasanavalj a siulin guan, ljaqedi kata liyu djanaw, a nakidjekec tua zuvung guan. 

米亞丸（Myawan）

文蘭（Tmunan，銅文蘭）

重光（Branaw，布拉瑙）
|}

== caucau ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1981
|ita kudrav sa sepatj a kuzulj sa lima taiday sa unem puluq sa lima a caucau (14,565 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1986
|ita kudrav sa sepatj a kuzulj sa drusaiday sa drusa puluq sa sepatj a caucau (14,224 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-2.3%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1991
|ita kudrav sa sepatj a kuzulj sa tjelu taiday sa lima puluq sa lima a caucau (14,355 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+0.9%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|1996
|ita kudrav sa lima a kuzulj sa itaiday sa tjelu puluq sa ita a caucau (15,131 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+5.4%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2001
|ita kudrav sa lima kuzulj sa sepatj taiday sa unem puluq a caucau (15,460 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+2.2%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2006
|ita kudrav sa lima kuzulj sa lima a caucau (15,005 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-2.9%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2011
|ita kudrav sa lima kuzulj sa itaiday sa pitju puluq sa tjelu a caucau (15,173 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+1.1%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2016
|ita kudrav sa lima kuzulj sa pitju taiday sa siva puluq sa unem a caucau (15,796 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+4.1%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|}

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sinupuan
|-
|gaku na kukumin 
|-
|gaku na kukumin a siulin
|-
|gaku na kukumin a sanzan(三棧)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a djinmey
|-
|gaku na kukumin a suiyen
|-
|gaku na kukumin a wenlan
|-
|gaku na kukumin a heping
|-
|gaku na kukumin a sibaw(西寶)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a tjamin
|-
|gaku na kukumin a cungde
|-
|gaku na kukumin a vuse
|-
|gaku na kukumin a tungmen
|-
|gaku na kukumin a tunglan
|}

== kinsic ==
izua liaw a gadugaduan kata djiniqes nua zaljum a kinalangan nua kadjunangan i siuling gu, saka a imaza a riuku namirazek aravac. pakata ziriu nua kingsihu, izua 30 mata 40 a kudraw a caucau ljemitaqiljas semamaza i tairugu nua kuni a kakivangvangan kata nakuni a kadjunangan i masansivalulj a djalanan i taiwan (zunghen kunglu), pinakacuan tu liaw ta kinsic a manguaqan mamaw saka tja tauta liaw sikamanguaqan tu pupicul. lja tjaliaw a djiljeqi a valji, simindu inalang a sengsengan kata heping kuba avan nu sinan pazangal. au pakata kakivecengel kemasiziriu a kinisan nua kingsihu, aza talem a racev i siuling gu, izua vurasi kata siak. mata 2014 a cavilj, izua tu 30.73 marutarauljan a kadjunangan temalem ta siak. zua qinuma 7.3% a talem i kalingu king. izuanan 24.92 marutarauljan a kadjunangan temalem ta vurasi, kimaya qemavas 13% a kinilamian pakata penuljat a sengsengan i kalingu king. au izua talem a puday, ljakua kedri a kiniaya.  

== kivangvangan ==

=== tairugu nua kuni kakivangvangan ===
[[sineqetj a vecik:Taiwan 2009 CingShui Cliffs on SuHua Highway FRD 6762 Pano Extracted.jpg|thumb|right|200px|cinsuy danggay]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:龍澗橋 - panoramio.jpg|thumb|right|200px|lungdjian hisiu]]
&lt;blockquote&gt;baiyang taljitiu

cancun pakung

licin taljitiu

buluwan(布洛灣) a kivanvangan

cinsuy danggay

dayuling

guanyuan(關原) kinakalevelevan kadjunangan

tiansiang(天祥) pukasikasivan a kivanvangan

hehuan gadu

wensan(文山) a ungesing

sanyue(山月) tjakudrang&lt;/blockquote&gt;cilay gadu

lungdjian(龍澗) hisiu

waday paljaljavak

lansan(嵐山) kasikasiw a kisiya a djalan  

halun(哈崙) kasikasiw kisiya a djalan 

aicu ziriu pakata caucau semamaza i tairugu nua kuka kinakalevelevan kadjunangan.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau a penuljat pakata cavilj
|caucau pakata ljemitaqiljas
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|2014
|6,329,970
|527,498
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+31.45%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2015
|6,645,619
|553,802
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+4.99%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2016
|4,524,122
|377,010
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-31.92%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2017
|4,653,297
|387,775
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+2.86%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2018
|4,168,731
|347,394
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-10.41%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2019
|4,828,607
|402,384
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+15.83%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|2020
|3,979,031
|331,586
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-17.59%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|}

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>ic98egwtrvpeet3r7koyb21g5m87fnz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Yang Yung-wei</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>106</id>
    <redirect title="Drangadrang Yang" />
    <revision>
      <id>4676</id>
      <parentid>4675</parentid>
      <timestamp>2021-10-28T10:02:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sotiale</username>
        <id>11</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>已匯入 1 筆修訂：[TEST] importing pwnwiki via a tool</comment>
      <origin>4675</origin>
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      <text bytes="30" sha1="g4xrryoqbyazqv4ytt14s9n0s4pgujg" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Drangadrang Yang]]</text>
      <sha1>g4xrryoqbyazqv4ytt14s9n0s4pgujg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Yanping</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>107</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12266</id>
      <parentid>12265</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T04:27:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kivangvangan */-sineqetj a vecik</comment>
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      <text bytes="7758" sha1="gb7xu0s58g8x5v4590fjkt16p4bm8wj" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''yenpin'''

(延平鄉)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Yanping Township.svg|thumb|center|yenpin imaza(qudjidji a pinakeljang)]] 
|-
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|taituking
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|beisetjiu(北絲鬮), pasikau(巴喜告) 
|-
|sepaljavak
|lima mula, sepatj puluq sa tjelu a talingan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
| 
-胡黃廣文(pacun ta guciu na yenpin) 

-naseyenpin a gukusiu

-daihiyukay na yenpin

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan 
|455.8805km² 
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|ita kuzulj sa tjelu taiday sa lima maru vavavan tadjekuacan (1,305m) 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na caucau-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-tjelu a kuzulj sa lima taiday sa lima puluq sa pitju a caucau(3,557)(2021 a cavilj kata tjelu a qiljas)

-masansimuluq saka lima (15)

-ita kuzulj sa unem puluq sa alu a paljingan (1,068)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|953
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10014130
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|haydan, luye, dunghe, binan, mawlin, wutai 
|}

yenpin guan imaza i taituking, i pasakaledep a vecekadan nua [[Taitu king|taituking]], i viri nakidjekec tua [[Haiduan|haydan]], i viri kata kacedas nakidjekec tua luye, i pasakaledep mavananga i [[Maolin|mawlin]] nua i takaw kata akaw wutay. a i navalj kicaing tua i binan. aza yenpin maitazuanga masan taitu lima kacalisian a kadjungan. au pakata mavalitan izua amin tu 7 caucau/km², aicu imaza tasika tjelu a pasemelaw tua sengsengen i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], a mavalidan nua caucau masansimatjelj kemasi likuz.  

aza yenpin guan ka ripun djiday avan nu pasanavalj a kacalisian a kadjunangan nua taituting(台東廳) guansandjin(關山郡) kaki rukuzan. i pakagadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan, siva puluq sa unem a pasasuiday sedjelj a gadugaduan, au pakata kinamamamavan tua vavavan nua gadu izua sepatj taiday maru vavavan tadjekuacan.    

a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledev. aza sikataqaljan sedjelj a puyuma zuku. a katalemmang avan aza pakata nugiu. a kai pinuyumakan. ka 1968 a cavilj, aza hungye tjakakedriyan benulu djemalim i kimapaqaqayam kata ripun tjakakedriyan benulu, masan ta daihiuy pakata undu aicu a sineljavakan kata na masan tjapungadangadan i kacauan. saka patagilj aza king djiday nua taiwan izua tjelu pinapiliq ta cavilj a maqati a benulu.

==paljavak tua kadjunangan==
izua lima mula kata sepatj puluq sa tjelu a rin i yenpin guan.

tawyuan(桃源村 pasikau), hungye(紅葉村 vakangan), yungkang(永康村 sanungsung), wulin(武陵村  buklavu), luansan(鸞山村 tulanzang). au izua puluq sa ita a qinaljan imaza:

kainisungan(卡努舒岸), kamisatu(卡米莎度), kaminu(卡米努), 

nakanu(拿卡努), sununsung(蘇儂頌), buklavu(布谷拉夫), 

kalisahan(卡里沙汗), minami(米娜咪), vakangan(瓦岡岸), pasikau(巴喜告), talunas(達魯那斯).

aza luansan mula mecevung kata tawyuan mula a pana, ika namavaday aicu drusa a kadjunangan, saka yenpin guan masan ta tjanasekuya ma alang a qinaljan.

== rikishi ==
aza yenpin guan kasicuayan avan nu rukai zuku a linaulj, ka citing a djiday, aza bunun zuku kemasi nantu(南投) pakagadugaduan patje maza au linidjelj ta qinaljan.

ka ripun a djiday, aicu a  kacalisian a kadjunangan nua taituting guansandjin, sinan na kacalisian a quma, avan za sihu a kinsac na djemadjas a kanrivi. ka 1941 a cavilj, izua nebenlu(內本鹿) livulivu, saka aza bunun zuku minili paljeteku sema pairang, au patjavat sema luyezuang(鹿野庄) rikunghu(雷公火) i sanye(上野), zungye(中野) kata siaye(下野) aicu tjelu a kakaizuanan. au kapuamin a maqaqeci, qepuing nanga aicu tjelu a qinaljan masan lusan(鸞山) mula. saka avan nu lusan mula sipavecik payenpin guan. au ka 1946 a cavilj, aza yenpin guan kemasi luye guan a kitjuwaya a kanri, sipungadan ta “yenpin” kemasi ti kamakama “鄭成功”, au linindjelj ta “yenpin guan” patjeljatucu. pitjayvili ta 1990 a cavilj anga, aza kacalisian kinemenemen pakata bunka niamadju. tjatjuruvuan a kacalisian patagilj a pavalitan ta ngadan matu a kacalisian a ngadan, ka 2014 a cavilj, aza guciu qivu ta “yenpin” aicu ngadan neka kanki kata imaza a kadjunangan, saka patagilj maljavar kata sikataqaljan pakata atalasi a ngadan a guan.  

== guciu ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|guciu
|-
|sangasangasan kata sikamasanmusalj
|胡元貞
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |pitjayvililj a 1951 a cavalj
|-
|sangasangasan, sikamasanmusalj kata sikamasantjelulj
|林生
|-
|sikamasan simatjelj kata sikamasan limalj
|余忠義
|-
|sikamasan nemelj kata sikamasan pitjulj 
|胡洋考
|-
|sikamasan valulj kata sikamasan sivalj
|古義
|-
|sikamasan simuluq
|蔡全福
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka ita kata sikamasan simuluq saka drusa
|邱勝英
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu kata sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj 
|胡武仁
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka lima
|胡振英
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka lima
|胡榮典 (sevalit ti 胡振英)
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka unem kata sikamasan simuluq saka pitju 
|胡榮典
|-
|sikamasan simuluq saka alu
|胡黃廣文(tucu)
|}

== caucau ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-:mavekelj (%)
|-
|1981
|sepatj kuzulj sa sepatj taiday sa pitju puluq sa alu a caucau (4,478 a caucau)
|—    
|-
|1986
|sepatj kuzulj sa drusaiday sa alu puluq sa sepatj a caucau  (4,284 a caucau)
|−4.3%
|-
|1991
|sepatj kuzulj sa puluq sa pitju a caucau (4,017 a caucau)
|−6.2%
|-
|1996
|tjelu kuzulj sa alu taiday sa siva puluq sa ita a caucau (3,891 a caucau)
|−3.1%
|-
|2001
|tjelu kuzulj sa pitju taiday sa drusa puluq sa siva a cuacau (3,729 a caucau)
|−4.2%
|-
|2006
|tjelu kuzulj sa pitju taiday sa tjelu a caucau (3,703 a caucau)
|−0.7%
|-
|2011
|tjelu kuzulj sa lima taiday sa unem puluq a caucau (3,560  a caucau)
|−3.9%
|-
|2016
|tjelu kuzulj sa lima taiday sa drusa puluq sa tjelu a caucau (3,523 a caucau)
|−1.0%
|-
|2021/2
|tjelu kuzulj sa lima taiday sa unem puluq sa lima a caucau (3,565 a caucau)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+1.2%&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|}

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|'''kunglu'''
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_PHW9.svg|23px]] masansivalj a djalan i taiwan
|-
|vinaciqan ta djalan(naking djalan)
|-
|[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW197.svg|23px]] itaiday siva puluq sa pitju a vinaciqan (cemalivat guansan, luye kata yanpin)    
|-
|vinaciqan ta djalan (naguan djalan)
|-
|taitu tjelu puluq sa drusa a vinaciqan  
|-
|taitu tjelu puluq sa unem a vinaciqan  
|-
|taitu sepatj puluq a vinaciqan 
|-
|'''basu'''
|-
|basu a ding dung
|}

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sinupuan
|-
|gaku na kutjung
|-
|gaku na kutjung a tawyuan(桃源)
|-
|gaku na kukumin
|-
|gaku na kukumin a tawyuan
|-
|gaku na kukumin a wulin(武陵)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a hungye(紅葉)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a luansan(鸞山)
|}

== kivangvangan ==
紅葉少棒紀念館 na hungye sinipapukinim ta benulu a umaq

紅葉溫泉 hungye a ungesing 

布農族射耳祭 puyuma zuku a malahtangia 

松楓橋 sungvung tjakudrang
&lt;gallery&gt;
953, Taiwan, 台東縣延平鄉桃源村 - panoramio (8).jpg|
黃氏節孝坊 02.jpg|
Hongye Village 紅葉村 - panoramio (1).jpg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== racev ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|李子
|[[sumumu]]
|-
|甘蔗
|[[tjeves]]
|-
|梅花
|na umi a hana
|}
&lt;gallery&gt;
Sugar Cane closeup.jpg|tjeves
梅の里公園の梅の花 (50153791897).jpg|na umi a hana
Plums hanging.jpg|sumumu
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>gb7xu0s58g8x5v4590fjkt16p4bm8wj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kawabata Yasunari</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
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      <text bytes="9394" sha1="szgzdrdpfbgpd5u28sb39u3o6hpyulw" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Nobel prize medal.svg|25px]] Yasunari Kawabata
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[sineqetj a vecik:Yasunari Kawabata 1938.jpg|thumb|Hideki Yukawa|upright|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | physician
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kangadanan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  川端 康成
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Japan.svg|25px]] [[Dripun]] 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1899.7.11
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Japan.svg|25px]][[Dripun]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|minacayan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1972.4.16 (72 a cavilj)  
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Japan.svg|25px]][[Dripun]]
|-
|}
[[sineqetj a vecik:Kawabata Yasunari 1968.jpg|縮圖|upright|Kawabata Yasunari]]
ti '''Yasunari''' lja '''Kawabata''' (川端 康成 Kawabata Yasunari, 1899.7.11 – 1972.4.16)

a sinipualjak nu 1899 a caviljan a lukugacu kata tapuluq sa sepatj a qadavan sa namacayanga nu 1974 a caviljan a sigacu kata tapuluq sa umen a qadavan. Yasunari Kawabata avan a pungadanngadan a cawcau tua venecivencik kata penualj i kacauan ka kemasi 大正ta昭和年間.

namasan tua sikamasanitalj a cawcau na [[Dripun|ripun]] a pinakalevavan ta venecik nua“諾貝爾獎”ka 1968 a caviljan, mavananga a sikamasanmusalj a cawcau na 亞洲, djadjedalj ta 羅賓德拉納特·泰戈爾.

a sinipualjak a Yasunari Kawabata i 大阪府, sa nakitjaula a kemasi 東京帝國大學日本文學系. qaw pinakalevavan na 菊池寬 tua penualj nua venecivencik(文學批評) timadju ka daygakuanan sa naqemati tazua a qatupu a《文藝時代》katia 橫光利. sinan a 前衛文學 nua 西歐 tua venecivencik ta liaw a kinasengseng, a pinaka ta “venecikan nua新感覺文學”, saka napacun tjaimadju nua zuma masa taicu. liaw a kinasengseng nimadju, inia mamau tazua a kudain nua venecik, izuaga a 詩,抒情文章,神秘主義作品kata少女小說, saka a pinaka ta “venecik a pulingaw(魔術師)”uta. sa, venecivencik timadju tua “namacay” kata “輪迴” nua “tjaljabulayan na ripun” i kinasengseng nimadju uta, a sinan a 連歌tua aicu a vinecikan na前衛. mapacun a [[tjalja bulayan|tjaljabulayan]] kasicuayan kata palisian nua cemas tazua a kinasengseng nimadju. maljuluay timadju tua cawcau a nakuyakuya, neka a rusaleseljeljan, kata pulju, suraman nua varung. izuanga a liaw sa pungadanngadan a kinasengseng nimadju i venecikan na ripun a sinicinalitan, saka namasan tua tjaljapungadan a cawcau tua venecivencik timadju i ripun. sinan ta sikamasanitalj a pinakalevavan ta venecik nua“諾貝爾獎” a cawcau na ripun, sipakeljan ta nasi kata bulayan nua kinemeneman na [[Dripun|ripun]] tua kacauan nimadju nu pinakalevavan.

==sikavaljutan==
a sinipualjak a Yasunari Kawabata i 大阪府大阪市北區此花町(idedet a tucu a 天神橋), tia vuvu nimadju mavanaga a pungadangadan a namanguaq a cawcau, ljawa masan tua namapulju timadju sa pasetavat tua 東京. nakitulu ta masan tua kuysang nimadju a kama. namacayanga ti kama nimadju nu drusa tuki tjelu a cavilj ti Yasunari Kawabata, sa kacuin tjaimadju ni vuvu a uqaljay tua 大阪府 sa paquzip tjaimadju. qaw pinaquzip nua zuma a kasusu a kaka a tjavuru a vavayan ni Yasunari Kawabata. masa sedjurudj ti Yasunari Kawabata, sa inia maqati a masasaw nu qakunuwan timadju, ika kemeljang ta kacuwan isasaw; ljawa, mavan a aicu a sipaseleman tjaimadju, inika maumalj ta saqetjuan nimadju, saka sinan ta sadjelung a vinarungan a saqetjuan(憂鬱症) timadju.

ka kitulutulu ti Yasunari Kawabata, uri maumalj taicu a nasi nimadju, ljawa seljekuya timadju uta: namacay ti vuvu a vavayan kata uqaljay, kaka a tjuruvu a vavayan nimadju. saka sinan a aicu a sineljavakan nua pulju kata macay tua nasi ni Yasunari Kawabata. mpulju ti Yasunari Kawabata, pasecacikel tua sikavaljudan sa venecivencik timadju i kacauan nua venecikan, a patagilj a pacucun ta qatupu a 《源氏物語》timadju kaizuanan, uri sinanpazangal taicu a qatupu tua nasi nimadju, saka nu pacun ta kinasengseng nimadju, uri maljavaljavar ta qatupu a 《源氏物語》. ka kituluanan ti Yasunari Kawabata, inika kemeljang tua aicu a qatupu a 《源氏物語》timadju, ljawa patagiljanan timadju tua venecivencik.

ka 1915 a caviljan, izua a 俳句nimadju i qatupu, sa izua a senay kata venecikan nimadju i報紙《京阪新聞》nuicavilj. ka nakitjaulanga, vaik a sema tua gakku a 東京府舊制第一高等學校 ti Yasunari Kawabata tua kitulu, sa nakituluanga ta tjaljanguaq a venecikan na kacauan kata ripun izua. ka ivirilj tua 1920 a caviljan, kitulutulu ta venecivecik ti Yasunari Kawabata sa qamacuvung ta sikamasanitalj a kinasengseng nimadju aza短篇《招魂節的一幕》. ka 1931 a caviljan, amin a 劇本nimadju a 《瘋狂的一頁》sa uri sinan tua ‘iga, qaw qamacuvung timadju ta 《伊豆的舞孃》uta. uri kinazala tjai kinasengseng ni Yasunari Kawabata nua zuma, ljawa inika semekez timadju, sa venecivencik timadju a kemasi a 新感覺ta新心理主義, kata 意識流. aza《針、玻璃和霧》 mavan a tjaljapungadan a kinasengseng nimadju ka 1931 a caviljan. saka, izua a “tenget”, “neka” na 佛教 i kinasengseng ni Yasunari Kawabata.

ka 1934 a caviljan, patagilj a venecik ti Yasunari Kawabata ta 《雪國》, sa izuaga a qatupu nu i viriljanga a tjelu a cavilj, qaw pinakalevavan ta sikamasantjelulj a venecik nua “文藝懇話會獎”. ka 1936 a caviljan, masa sikaqilji ta makaqeci ti Yasunari Kawabata sa inika venecik timadju, sa vaik timadju ta liaw a sitaliduan a sikaqilji ta makaqeci. ka 1940 a caviljan, sinan tua “日本文學會”nia Yasunari Kawabata. ka 1941 a caviljan, ciniged ti Yasunari Kawabata nua sividay na ripun tua kivala i 滿洲; nu qemacuvnganga, vineli ta paysu nimadju ta pasa i chuku, sa kicacevung ta valjaw nimadju tua chuku. uri vaik a sema ta 北京 a madrusa tiamadju, sa mangetjez ta ripun kaisangas ta makaqeci. nuicavilj, sananguaqen a venecik tazua a 《滿洲各民族創作選集》.ka 1944 a caviljan, pinakalevavan a vinecikan a 《故園》na viriviriljan a venecik nua “菊池寬獎”nu nekanan makaqeci.

ka 1947 a caviljan, izuaga a tapuluq kata tjelu a cavilj sa qemacuvunganga ta 《雪國》ti Yasunari Kawabata. ka 1949 a caviljan, uri venecivencik timadju tazua a vinecikan a “《千羽鶴》”avan a pazangal a vinecikan nimadju; ka 1952 a caviljan, sinan a aicu a vinecikan tua 歌舞伎. ka 1961 a caviljan, uri vaik a sema ta 京都sa venecik ta 《古都》ti Yasunari Kawabata, qaw pinakalevavan na “kakudan a 文化勳章”timadju. ka 1968 a caviljan a ziugacu kata tapuluq sa pitju a qadavan, pinakalevavan a vinecikan a 《雪國》,《千羽鶴》kata 《古都》na venecik nua “諾貝爾文學獎”mavan a sikamasanitjalj a cawcau na ripun timadju, sa avan a sikamasanmusanlj a cawcau na 東方, djadjedalj ta 羅賓德拉納特·泰戈爾. sa ka ziunigacu a tapuluq a qadavan, mirava timadju ta 和服a 「紋付羽織袴」i 斯德哥爾摩音樂廳 tua pakaleva. ka ziunigacu a tapuluq kata drusa a qadavan, naqivu ta 《我在美麗的日本》（美しい日本の私） ti Yasunari Kawabata i 瑞典學院, sa naqivu ti Yasunari Kawabata a liaw a vinecikan nua kasicuayan tua maljavar ta ripun, kata bulayan nua ripun. ka 1969 a caviljan a sigacu, nu masasaw a kivangavang ti Yasunari Kawabata, sinan tua 名譽會員nua amirika a 藝術文藝學會 kati 亞歷山大·索忍尼辛.

ka 1970 a caviljan a ziuicigacu kata drusa a puluq sa lima a qadavan, kiqeci ti 三島由紀夫sa tjuruvu a vencivencik a cawcau a semazua, amin a Yasunari Kawabata a maqati a sematjumaq, ljawa inika napacun ta macay a cawcau. qaw sadjelung a varung ni Yasunari Kawabata, naqivu tua situ timadju: “uri djemulu acawcau, avan a’en.”ka 1972 a caviljan a sigacu kata tapuluq sa umen a qadavan, avan a i viriljanga a tapuluq sa pitju a qiljas tua kipaqeci ti 三島由紀夫, sikiqeci na 煤氣 ti Yasunari Kawabata i 工作室, inia venecivencik tanema timadju. nu kiqeci aza madrusa a cawcau sa izuaga a liaw a sinikivadaq niamadju. ka 2013 a caviljan a nigacu kata tapuluq sa siva a qadavan, napacunanga ta vinecikan ni Yasunari Kawabata a 《美麗！》i報紙 nu i viriljanga a alu a puluq kata unem a cavilj, sa i sangas a sepatj a qiljas tua venecikan a 《海之火祭》 nimadju.

==aza tjaucikel nimadju==
“patagilj a pacucun ta qatupu a《雪國》ni Yasunari Kawabata kasauny, inianan a pacunanga, ljawa inika tjemaula uta. aza venecikan na ripun mavan a nanguaqan niamatju a paqulid, makeljang angata tazua a vinecikan a ku pacun.” aya ti曹禺.

“Yasunari Kawabata mavanga a cawcau tua kivangavang a paqulid”; “a sinipualjak a cawcau tua semanbulayan (藝術家) i [[Dripun|ripun]], sa uri penualj ta kakudan nu ripun timadju, qaw ljemenguaq ta kakudan nimadju a kemasi a 東西方, saka makuya angata timadju a patjara tazua.”aya ti三島由紀夫.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Yuchi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
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|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''qabizay''' 
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:The Sun Lake of the Sun Moon Lake.jpg|thumb|center|qabizay]]
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|na tjaivavav a pangaljan nua kaizuanan
|[[lamtaw]] (nantou county)
|-
|kisanlalaing
|劉啟帆
|-
|sasupuan tua pasalavaan na kadjunangan
|121.3735 km2
|-
|sasupuan ta caucau
|15,406
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Ǹgtshṳ̀ - Hîtî - (Yuchi, Nantou County).svg|thumb|center|inuan a qabizay]] 
|-
|}

Yuchi（qabizay）

Yuchi gu icuwa i Nantou. ala atjunangn mapuljat 124.35&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang   52.93&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 1.66&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 970 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat  348 a daceneqlan, Thau (31%) a maqcuwa caucau. 
paiwan a maqcuwa caucau. 

pungadan izua zintun (sun moon lake) a remayurangan imaza. kinakaian aicu a thau a lalawa.&lt;ref&gt;林彥彤. [https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/politics/breakingnews/2220153| 55公所 原民「地方通行語」公告了]. 自由時報. 2017-10-12. （原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20210519043830/https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/politics/breakingnews/2220153| 存檔]於2021-05-19） （中文（台灣））.&lt;/ref&gt; kasicuayan aicu a kinaizuan nua caucau sethau i kadjunangan imaza.

==kadjunangan==
pasaviri ta puri (pungadan na kakaian se pazeh) a yuchi gu imaza; pasakaledep a yuchi gu imaza ta guèd-xiang hióng kata chúi-lí hiong. mavananga a paran ([[Ren’ai|ren'ai]]) kata [[Xinyi|nehunpu (sìn-gī)]] i pasakacedas.

kemasi ta 500m a patje 2,000m a kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadugadu imaza.&lt;ref&gt;魚池鄉公所鄉誌編纂工程. 《魚池鄉誌》 地理篇. 南投縣魚池鄉公所. 2001 （中文（台灣））.&lt;/ref&gt;

===zazaljuman===
drusa izua zazaljuman imaza i yuchi gu. sangasangasan aicu na veljeluan a kamachat a veljeluan a nankang kata zuma a veljeluan a pasakacedas i tjaiviri i tua yuchi gu. masanmusalj aicu na veljeluan a danum qalav ang (siayaya ta lô-tsuí-khe a kakaian na bunun) a veljeluan a suili kata zuma a veljeluan a pasakaledep i tjainavalj i tua yuchi gu imaza.

a i tjainavalj aicu a vacalj a zintun i yuchi gu. tjaljaqaca a puzaljuman na kadjunangan aicu a zintun i [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. semanpapudinkian a dripun imaza i zintun ka pinaljavakan niamadju.

==kasicuayan==
===patjausangas ta kacavilj a 1683===
tjaisangas a vinecikan ta djadjaljunan nia pairang i pinaljavakan na lamtaw king tucu a kemasi ta kacaviljan a 1661 a patje kacaviljan a 1683.&lt;ref&gt;傅奕銘. 《斗六市志》. 雲林縣斗六市公所. 2006: 158.&lt;/ref&gt; ljakua neka vinecikan tazua kaizuan na pairang imaza i qabizay (yuchi gu).

===kemasi ta kacavilj a 1683 a patje kacavilj a 1895===
sangasangasan a vinecikan a patjara qinaljan kata kadjunangan imaza i yuchi gu kacavilj a 1684. ita guciu na sihu a ciuku aicu a zikikang (''季麒光'' a sivecivecik na ciniukuan) a venecik ta zintun imaza i yuchi gu. ljakua pacunu ta vinecikan nimadju matu kedri a kineljang nimadju tanemanemanga imaza i yuchi gu. saka qadjav, inika paqulid a mangetjez a semamaza timadju.&lt;ref&gt;魚池鄉公所鄉誌編纂工程. 《魚池鄉誌》 開拓史篇. 南投縣魚池鄉公所. 2001 （中文（台灣））.&lt;/ref&gt;

===pinaljavakan na dripung===
ka pinaljavak na [[Dripun|dripung]] tamaza a qinaljan, venarung tiamadju ta kadjunangan imaza. saka papalak tiadripung ta sinikakudan nia caucau se thau ta kadjunangan imaza. avananga a pinaveli a qumaquma na caucau se thau i tua [[Pairang|pairang]].

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 13 qinaljan i Yuchi. matja 1 qinaljan imaza, Ita thao（伊達邵部落）.

==caucau==
tjaljatjuruvu izua caucau i yuchi cun i tua yuchi gu imaza.&lt;ref&gt;http://household2.nantou.gov.tw/00home/index.php&lt;/ref&gt;
===caucau na maretimaljamalji a pinaljavakan===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align: right;&quot;
!width=8%|cun
!width=8%|kadjunangan (km²)
!width=8%|ling
!width=8%|caucau&lt;br/&gt;(qiljas a 5 na cavilj a 2013)
!width=60%|qinaljan&lt;ref name=&quot;魚池鄉誌·地理篇&quot;/&gt;
|-
|大林村 || 8.81 || 14 || 1,294 || align=&quot;left&quot;|大林、草凹仔、司馬按、公林、內湖仔、金天巷
|-
|大雁村 || 7.17 || 9 || 816 ||align=&quot;left&quot;|大雁、澀水、湖桶、雁地、草凹仔、山楂腳、槌仔寮、單冬頭、仙楂腳巷
|-
|中明村 || 4.83 || 12 || 1,223 ||align=&quot;left&quot;|貓囒、田螺污、頂獅子、毛蟹穴、山仔腳、文化巷、有水坑、名勝巷
|-
|五城村 || 18.37 || 13 || 872 || align=&quot;left&quot;|五城、頂五城、下五城、大潭岩、車崙坪、大觀巷、豬哥坪、拔賭寮、草坪、火焙巷、猴龍坑、蓮華池、三角崙
|-
|[[日月村]] || 15.18 || 10 || 988 || align=&quot;left&quot;|伊達邵、南邊湖、葫蘆崙、潭頭
|-
|水社村 || 16.34 || 16 || 1,009 || align=&quot;left&quot;|明潭、北旦、水尾、二壩欄、水社、向山、頭社壩、阿里眉、草凹仔
|-
|[[共和村]] || 8.34 || 13 || 1,181 ||align=&quot;left&quot;|外加道坑、鹽土坑、坪頂、中-{庄}-、內加道、內加道坑、下五馬、水井湖、五馬、過龍仔、滴水仔、長寮尾
|-
|東光村 || 15.97 || 13 || 1,497 || align=&quot;left&quot;|東光、水尾巷、頂城、向天圳
|-
|東池村 || 1.51 || 17 || 1,915 || align=&quot;left&quot;|魚池（東部）、內魚池、東平、埔尾、泡仔林、猴洞
|-
|武登村 || 5.4 || 18 || 739 ||  align=&quot;left&quot;|頭社、銃櫃、車心崙、土地公鞍、空湖
|-
|魚池村 || 3.93 || 21 || 2,505 || align=&quot;left&quot;|魚池（西部）、魚池尖
|-
|新城村 || 9.45 || 17 || 1,626 ||  align=&quot;left&quot;|新城、水頭、頭股、頭股份仔、大坪、股尾、十一股、冷堀仔、鹿蒿、香茶巷、鹽菜甕、嶺腳
|-
|頭社村 || 5.2 || 19 || 1,076 || align=&quot;left&quot;|崙龍、內灣、棉子園、內凹仔、大舌滿、水尾
|-
|'''yuchi gu''' || '''121.3735''' || '''192''' || '''16,741''' ||  align=&quot;left&quot;|
|-
|}

===mapida a caucau kangida a cavilj i yuchi gu===
{| class=wikitable style=&quot;text-align:center; font-size:90%&quot;
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1981
!kacavilj a 1982
!kacavilj a 1983
!kacavilj a 1984
!kacavilj a 1985
!kacavilj a 1986
!kacavilj a 1987
!kacavilj a 1988
!kacavilj a 1989
!kacavilj a 1990
|-
!caucau 
|'''20,947'''
|20,838
|20,512
|20,245
|19,851
|19,627
|19,239
|19,057
|18,845
|18,703
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 1991
!kacavilj a 1992
!kacavilj a 1993
!kacavilj a 1994
!kacavilj a 1995
!kacavilj a 1996
!kacavilj a 1997
!kacavilj a 1998
!kacavilj a 1999
!kacavilj a 2000
|-
!caucau
|18,682
|18,716
|18,740
|18,460
|18,433
|18,183
|18,102
|17,894
|17,910
|17,713
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2001
!kacavilj a 2002
!kacavilj a 2003
!kacavilj a 2004
!kacavilj a 2005
!kacavilj a 2006
!kacavilj a 2007
!kacavilj a 2008
!kacavilj a 2009
!kacavilj a 2010
|-
!caucau
|17,833
|17,806
|17,645
|17,541
|17,549
|17,422
|17,342
|17,344
|17,411
|17,181
|-
!cavilj
!kacavilj a 2011
!kacavilj a 2012
!kacavilj a 2013
!kacavilj a 2014
!kacavilj a 2015
!kacavilj a 2016
!kacavilj a 2017
!kacavilj a 2018
!kacavilj a 2019
!kacavilj a 2020
|-
!caucau
|16,927
|16,747
|16,696
|16,501
|16,289
|16,154
|15,946
|15,753
|15,611
|'''15,466'''
|-
|}

==sihu==

=== kamakama na yuchi gu&lt;ref&gt;魚池鄉公所鄉誌編纂工程. 《魚池鄉誌》 政事篇. 南投縣魚池鄉公所. 2001 （中文（台灣））.&lt;/ref&gt;===
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; | style=&quot;margin: 0px&quot; |
!sazazatj||tima||zikan a paljavakan||zazuman
|-
|sangasangasan||黃甘||01/08/1951－31/07/1953||
|-
|sikamasanmusalj||黃登鳳||01/08/1953－31/07/1955||
|-
|sikamasantjelulj||黃甘||01/08/1956－31/12/1959||
|-
|sikamasansimatjelj||王如和||01/01/1960－28/02/1964||
|-
|sikamasanlimalj||何英乾||01/03/1964－28/02/1968||
|-
|sikamasannemelj||何英乾||01/03/1968－31/03/1973||
|-
|sikamasanpitjulj||林泉印||01/04/1973－29/12/1977||
|-
|sikamasanvalulj||王春枝||30/12/1977－13/06/1978||namacai na paljavak timadju
|-
|mumalj a sinkiu||許錦田||30/09/1978－28/02/1982||
|-
|sikamasansivalj||許錦田||01/03/1982－28/02/1986||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq||黃宋華||01/03/1986－28/02/1990||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka ita||黃宋華||01/03/1990－28/02/1994||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka drusa||謝明謀||01/03/1994－28/02/1998||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka tjelu||謝明謀||01/03/1998－28/02/2002||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka sepatj||廖學輝||01/03/2002－28/02/2006||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka lima||廖學輝||01/03/2006－28/02/2010 ||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka unem||陳錦倫||01/03/2010－25/12/2014||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka pitju||陳錦倫||25/12/2014－24/12/2018||
|-
|sikamasansimuluq saka alu||劉啟帆||25/12/2018－||tucu
|}

== kakaian ==
kasicuayan a kiniljavaran nua caucau imaza a kai a thau. tjaivililj a djemaljun a tjatjuruvu a caucau sepairang imaza, penairangan a tjatjuruvu a caucau imaza i yuchi gu.

na pasemalawanga a sihu nua ciuku tucu tua kinakaian nua yuchi gu kacavilj a 2017.&lt;ref&gt;https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/politics/breakingnews/2220153&lt;/ref&gt;

==papupaysu==
===tataleman===
pazangal aravac a tataleman imaza i yuchi gu.

==tatuluan==
izua siva a kedrikedri a gakku imaza i yuchi gu. neka daigakku imaza.

===kedrikedri a gakku na yuchi===
aicu a kedrikedri a gakku na yuchi imaza i yuchi cun tucu i tua tjaisangas a semangakku tiadripung nu pinaljavakan niamadju tamaza a qabizay kacavilj a 1900.

==kakipucemelan==

==iyubingkiuku (yuzeng)==

===sasupuan na iyubingkiuku===
555 a sasupuan na iyubingkiku se yuchi gu.

==kivangavangan==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Sun Moon Lake Gondola 01.JPG|
日月潭日出.JPG|zintun (kai a thau)
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==sipacacikelan==
===palidring a djalan===
[[sineqetj a vecik:TWHW6.svg|23px]] zaljum a soalian (Shuishalian) a palidring a djalan nua kuka
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW14.svg|23px]] sikamasansimuluq sa sepatj a djalan a palidring nua i taiwan
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW21.svg|23px]] sikamasandrusapuluq sa ita djalan a palidring nua i taiwan

===basu===
tjaliaw a [[Basu|basu]] naicu a basu na lamtaw a pacacikel tamaza a yuchi gu. avananga izua basu na kukang uta. aicu a djalan na kukang basu a pasamaza a patje zintun, a kemasi tamaza a patje taihuku. mavan izua basu na yuanlin a kemasi tamaza a patje suili gu.

====basu na lamtaw====
*sikamasan 6665 a kemasi tua puli a patje kakivangavangan a siva a zuku na sekacalisian(九族文化村).
*sikamasan 6666 a kemasi tua puli a pasazintun a patje tause(頭社).
*sikamasan 6667 a kemasi tua puli a patje suili.
*sikamasan 6668
*sikamasan 6669
*sikamasan 6670&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20120917003137/http://www.ntbus.com.tw/005.htm&lt;/ref&gt;

==djamay==

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]
*&lt;ref name=&quot;魚池鄉誌·地理篇&quot;&gt;《魚池鄉誌·地理篇》 &lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;ref name=&quot;魚池鄉誌·開拓史篇&quot;&gt;《魚池鄉誌·開拓史篇》&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;ref name=&quot;魚池鄉誌·經濟篇&quot;&gt;《魚池鄉誌·經濟篇》&lt;/ref&gt;
*&lt;ref name=&quot;魚池鄉誌·文化篇&quot;&gt;《魚池鄉誌·文化篇》&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
      <sha1>hcvazag2n2x36tp6dpgdd3ciut38w3k</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Yuli</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>110</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9976</id>
      <parentid>9741</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-07-25T20:18:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>1234qwer1234qwer4</username>
        <id>202</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:48BE:438B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:48BE:438B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:48BE:438B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Dcljr|Dcljr]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>9440</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="14468" sha1="burlfvsw4c8ni09ik56vs2x0rv4ynoz" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''yili'''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Landscape of rice paddy field in Yuli.jpg|thumb|center|yili]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Yuli HL.svg|thumb|center|yili imaza(qudjidji a pinakeljang)]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|[[Kalinku king|kalinku king]]
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|puseke(璞石閣) 
|-
|sepaljavak
|puluq sa lima a mula, tjelu taiday sa puluq sa pitju a talingan
|-
|sihu

-guciu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
|
-蔡秋龍(pacun ta kamakama na yili) 

-naseyili a gukusiu

-daihiyukay na yili 

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan 
|252.3719km²
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|tjelu taiday sa tjelu puluq sa tjelu a maru vavavan tadjekuacan (333m) 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na caucau-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-drusa kudrav sa tjelu a kuzulj sa drusaiday sa pitju puluq a caucau(23,270)(2021 a cavilj kata 1 a qiljas)

-masantjelulj (3)

-lima a kuzulj tjelu a taiday sa sepatj puluq sa ita paljingan (8,912)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|981
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10015030
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|lisuy,zusi,vuli,
vungbin,cangbin
|}

yili cen (’inamizukuan：Posko；Ngiugˋ liˋ zhinˊ：Sṳ̀n-kûng-chṳ́n；rinipungan：玉里／たまざと Tamazato）imaza i pasanavalj a i [[Kalinku king|kalingu king]], a i viri nakidjekec tua [[Ruisui|ruisui gu]], a i kacedas nakidjekec tua [[Fengbin|vungpin gu]] kata [[Changbin|cangping gu]], au a pasamaza i ledepan kidjekecan ta [[Zhuoxi|zusi gu]], a i navalj nakicaing tua i [[Fuli|vuli gu]], masan pazangal tua i pasanavalj i [[Kalinku king|kalinku king]] a kinateveteveljan a caucau, ka vecekadanan na kadjunangan i pasakacedasan nua taiwan. au yuli avan tjaljaqacavan ta cen pakata kadjunangan i [[Hualien|hualien hici]] kata taitu hici. izua tu 252km² a pulingetjan a kadjunangan. tjaljakudrakudralan tua cen i [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. (tjakedrian a pagalju ta taipaq hici izua 271km² )

lja i vecekadan a kemasi kalinku a pasa [[Taitung|valangaw]] a kunglu, a pasazua i kacedas izua a yucan(玉長) kunglu a kisusu a sema kacedas tua sema [[Changbin|canbin gu]], saka avan nu sinan pazangal a djalan i kalinku kata valangaw a makalizulizuk.  

a imaza i kalinku kata valangaw sevesevec a lizulizuk. nu pasakaledep mavan azua a kavecekadanan a gadu i taiwan a pasakacedas izua a ljaviljaving a mareka gadugadu, izua siukuluan(秀姑巒) a pana kata a tjaljakuljay a vungpin(豐坪) veljeluan, zu(卓) a pana, lakulaku a pana kata cinsuy(清水) a pana a cemalivat imaza.

a kai ’inamizukuan kata nginaingayngan.

== cinalivatan ==
yuli cen ka sicuayan pinaka “puseke”, izua a drusa a siqaivuan, masanitalj a kinasi bunun a siqaivuan, qunevuljan a imi. ayatua izua a siukuluan(秀姑巒) a pana cemalivat imaza, au nu cuayanga ika naqemudjalj, aza pana memakulji, nu venali aza qunevuljananga sakamaya na vudas. a sikamasanmusalj kemasi ’inamizukuan a “paypayke”(派派可) a kai, nu piamizuku ta siqivuan ta avan nu lukuc aya, a sinan racev imaza sa namakeljang. a sikamasantjelulj a siqaivuan, ka 1875 a caviljan, aza a taiwancen a kamakama ta sivitai a ti 吳光亮 na paka i vecekadan tua kagaduan sa djaljun imaza, qemepu ta sivitay, pacun ta qaciljay i siukuluan a pana sedjelj a vuqavuqalj, sa aicu a qaciljay ika qinemu, bulayanga nu pacunan . aza sivitay lemindjelj ta kakiyunangan a makadjalan (peniliq aza “閣” aicu vecik), saka papungadanan ta “puseke”.

kasicuayan aza i yuli sedjelja na amizuku kata bunun zuku kacalisiyan a kakacevungan. ka 1829 a caviljan, aza i huzang a makadaw zuku a caucau patjavat a sema taitu ta kazatjazatjan, ljakua pusauin nua se puyuma a binanmi(卑南覓) a qinaljan, au ka 1836 a caviljan kisusu tiamadju ta maka sinwuli(新武呂) a pana patjavat sema pasanavalj, ka vililjanga tjaljuzua i lakulaku(拉庫拉庫) a pana a namasan sipayzan tua qinaljudjan nua zaljum i pasanavalj, avananga aza pasakaledep a siukuluan a pana i canljang(長良) li a semanqinaljan, au pinaka “dazuang”. ka pitagilj a qemuma imaza, aza makadaw zuku nakemacu ta gung kata riri a semazua sa maljaljenguaq kata sebunun zuku, saka maqati uta a kipavalit ta paday, ayatua ruzaljuman ca imaza, a vilivililjan a patjavat i tua 1845 a caviljan, patjavat a sema i pasakacedas ta siukuluan a pana, mamaw a pinapungadan ta “dazuang”(mavan a situcuan i [[Fuli|vuli gu]] a dungli mula), aza i canljang a dazung pavalitan ta ngadan a “djuzuang”(舊庄). au aza a pasuvilililjanga a makadaw zuku i vungsan(鳳山) gu kata valangaw, dawulung(大武壠) zuku kata silaya zuku mangetjez imaza. au sezuljuzulju lemindjelj ta qinaljan i yuli, vuli, cesan kata kuansan. ka 1879 a caviljan a pasusangas katua pasuvililj a pakata “taiwan kadjunangan penuljat a zuga” a qadupu, teveteveljin a pungadan ta aicu “puseke sepinpu a alu a qinaljan ”. aza i yuli tjatjuruvu a dawulung zuku.   

na semusu ta vecik ni 陳英 a “台東誌” aya , ka 1850 a caviljan, izuanga a pairang a napatjavat semamaza, au siubay kata kacalisian imaza. a kinatjamerazukan i 1875 a caviljan, masa sipacacikelan tua  batungkuan(八通關) a djalan a patagilj. ka ripung a djiday, yuli sipavecik a pitaituting puseke citing puseke cy(璞石閣區), au pavalitan a lemingedjelj ta kalinkukangting pusekeciting a kanrinri. ka 1917 a caviljan, aza a kemasi valangaw a kisiya a padjaljun patjemaza, sa sialap tua “yi” a ngadan, a vecik kemasi  “pu” pavalitan ta “yili”, neka kinapalakan a yu a qaciljay a imi. ka 1920 a caviljan lemindjelj ta yili dje(街) sipavecik a pikalinkukangting yilidjin a kipusaliman. au kapuamin a maqaqeci a 1946 a caviljan, yulidje pavalitan ta yulicen, sipavecik ta drusa puluq sa tjelu a li. ka 1971 a caviljan, sipavecik mumalj ta puluq sa lima a li patjeljatucu. 

izua ita a vuqavuqalj a qaciljay i qerengan ta siukuluan a pana, ljaki nu kaljaqudjaljan, inika siqaljudj maluqem tua zaljum, sika aza sikataqaljan semanparavac taicu a qaciljay a pasan niamadjuin  pazangazangalan a sauzayan, au ka 1970 a caviljan a puluq sa drusa qiljasan, izua cakaven a qaciljay aya. ljakua inia nacuay djameqen na kinsac a nacemakav ta qaciljay katua zua a cinakav a qaciljay, tazua sinan lalanganga nu qaciljayan, tucu piniunduziu a gaku na kukumin a yili, yilicen a puvadanqan kata a kasasavan a yuli ramaljemaljeng a umaq.         

== kamakama ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|kamakama
|-
|1-2 sangasangasan kata sikamasanmusalj
|潘萬法
|-
|3 sikamasan tjelulj
|蘇玉麟
|-
|4 sikamasan tjelulj
|潘宇界
|-
|5-6 sikamasan limalj kata sikamasan nemelj
|邱慶來
|-
|7-8 sikamasan pitjulj kata sikamasan valulj
|黃正榮
|-
|9-10 sikamasan sivalj kata sikamasan simuluq 
|陳仁敵
|-
|11-12 sikamasan simuluq saka ita kata sikamasan simuluq saka drusa 
|林惠敏
|-
|13-14 sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu kata sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj
|潘富民
|-
|15-16 sikamasan simuluq saka lima kata sikamasan simuluq saka unem
|劉德貞
|-
|17 sikamasan simuluq saka pitju  
|龔文俊
|-
|18 sikamasan simuluq saka alu
|蔡秋龍(tucu)
|}

== paljavak tua kadjunangan ==
matja 15 qinaljan i yili. matja 20 qinaljan imaza, Angcoh（安通部落）, Afih（阿飛赫部落）, Harawan（哈拉灣部落）, Lingacay（苓雅仔部落）, Ceroh（春日部落）, Patawlinan（巴島力安部落）, Makotaay（瑪谷達璦部落）, Sedeng（瑟冷部落）, Tokar（都旮薾部落）, Lohok（洛合谷部落）, Posko（璞石閣部落）, Silangkong（喜瑯宮部落）, Cihakay（吉哈蓋部落）, Cilakesay（吉拉格賽部落）, Cinemnemay（吉能能麥部落）, Takay（達蓋部落）, Satefo（下德武部落）, Namisan（拿彌散部落）, Matadim（馬太林部落）, Mangcelan（滿自然部落）. 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|li                          
|pulingetjan nua

kadjunangan (km 2)
|paljingan
|caucau

(2017 a cavilj sepatj qiljas)
|mavalidan

caucau/km2
|-
|zungcen(中城)
|1.5
|2217
|6328
|4218.7
|-
|kuwu(國武)
|1.2
|511
|1449
|1207.5
|-
|taicang(泰昌)
|7.2
|474
|1619
|224
|-
|cymu(啟模)
|2.672
|797
|1983
|734.4
|-
|yungcang(永昌)
|9.2
|525
|1529
|166.2
|-
|yuancen(源城)
|22.9
|507
|1462
|63.8
|-
|canljang(長良)
|9.6
|298
|775
|80.7
|-
|lehe(樂合)
|27.1
|465
|1129
|41.7
|-
|dungvung(東豐)
|35.7
|235
|626
|17.5
|-
|guanyin(觀音)
|23.4
|709
|1809
|77.3
|-
|sungpu(松浦)
|23.5
|609
|1768
|75.2
|-
|cunre(春日)
|23.8
|376
|1004
|42.2
|-
|dewu(德武)
|12.9
|287
|868
|67.3
|-
|sanmin(三民)
|17.3
|411
|1002
|57.2
|-
|dayu(大禹)
|34.4
|473
|1270
|36.9
|-
|yili cen
|252.3719
|8894
|24621
|97.56
|}

===== pakata hici a mirazek =====

====== gukusiu i yili cen ======
yili cen avan na masan pazangal i pasanavalj ta [[Kalinku king|kalinku king]], na sezua a caucau a kakicapiljan, au aicu yili a hici a sikace i yili cen sinan vecekadan. izua siubay,kicaquwan kata kakipucemelan. 

== caucau ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1981
|sepatj kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa lima taiday sa siva puluq sa drusa a caucau (41,592 a caucau)
|—    
|-
|1986
|sepatj kudrav sa sepatj taiday sa drusa puluq sa alu a caucau (40,428 a caucau)
|−2.8%
|-
|1991
|tjelu kudrav sa unem kuzulj sa pitju taiday sa alu puluq sa siva a caucau (36,789 a caucau)
|−9.0%
|-
|1996
|tjelu kudrav sa sepatj kuzulj sa tjelu taiday sa drusa puluq sa tjelu a caucau (34,323 a caucau)
|−6.7%
|-
|2001
|tjelu kudrav sa ita kuzulj sa alu taiday sa drusa puluq sa drusa a caucau (31,822 a caucau)
|−7.3%
|-
|2006
|drusa kudrav sa alu kuzulj sa unem taiday sa lima puluq sa siva a caucau (28,659 a caucau)
|−9.9%
|-
|2011
|drusa kudrav sa unem kuzulj sa sepatj taiday sa lima puluq sa drusa a caucau (26,452 a caucau)
|−7.7%
|-
|2016
|drusa kudrav sa sepatj kuzulj sa pitju taiday sa sepatj puluq a caucau (24,740 a caucau)
|−6.5%
|}
aicu mavalidan i yili cen izua 93 93 caucua/km², avan sikamasanmusalj kemasi likuz. (amin tjaliaw ta vunglin cen)

== nasidjaravacan ==
pakata sipacacikelan imaza, izua kisiya a djalan, masansivalj a djalan a sipacacikel na marekazidusiya i taiwan, itaiday siva puluq sa tjelu a vinaciqan(lede kunglu) kata masansika tjelumuluq a djalanan i taiwan(yucan kunglu) cemalivat ta pasa kacedas ljaviljaving a gadugaduan, avan nu pazangal a pakazuazuanan na kuluma i pasakacedasan nua taiwan. 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|kisiya a djalan
|-
|na taiwan a kisiya a rukicapiljan 
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i taitu
|-
|disiaba i sanmin(三民)
|-
|disiaba i yili
|-
|kunglu
|-
|masansivalj a djalan a sipacacikel na marekazidusiya i taiwan
|-
|masansika tjelumuluq a djalanan i taiwan

yucan(玉長) kunglu
|-
|vinaciqan ta djalan
|-
|itaiday siva puluq sa tjelu a vinaciqan           
|-
|basu
|-
|basu a ding dung
|-
|basu a kalinku
|}

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|kaucung a gaku
|-
|yili kaucung a gaku
|-
|kucung a gaku    
|-
|gaku na kucung a yili
|-
|gaku na kucung a sanmin(三民)
|-
|gaku na kucung a yudung(玉東)
|-
|kukumin a gaku
|-
|gaku na kukumin a yili
|-
|gaku na kukumin a yili i yungcang(永昌)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a sanmin    
|-
|gaku na kukumin a sungpu(松浦)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a kawljaw(高寮)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a lehe(樂合)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a guanyin(觀音)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a dayu(大禹)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a zungcen(中城)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a canljang(長良)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a cunre(春日)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a yuancen(源城)
|-
|gaku na kukumin a dewu(德武)
|}

== kakipucemelan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|臺北榮民總醫院玉里分院
|kakipucemelan a yili nua taipaq rungmin biuing  
|-
|衛生福利部玉里醫院
|kakipucemelan a yili nua wyvupu
|-
|玉里慈濟醫院
|kakipucemelan a yili nua zeci  
|}

== kivangavangan ==
[[sineqetj a vecik:View east along the Batongguan Historical Trail at Tomiri.jpg|thumb|right|220px|aicu a batungkuan nua djaladjalan kasicuayan.]]
lja neka nu namapaljiq a kakarakudan i maza, sika azua gadu, izuanga a ljimecamecaw i sicevud a zaljum kata ljimecamecaw a vali. saka tjuruvu ta caucau tjengelay semamaza a kivangavang. au aza antung ungesing namasan alu ta kakivangvangan a maitaita i [[Kalinku king|kalinku king]]. aza kazaljuman katje kedri ta 硫磺 a sequan, a kinaliguan izua, sarenguaq a kinakadjunangnan a izua a kasikasivan a djalan, ljaqedi, au mayanga lemindjelj lungvung(龍鳳) a kivanvangan, aza sinapazangal a taiday cavilj anga kasiw pinatevelj ta riuku, izuanan aza zidingsia a djalanan sema yuli kisiya a disiaba patjelja dungli kisiya a disiaba, yuli haka sikac a [[umaq]], puseke kacalisian siubay a umaq,      

nanan(南安) a caucau a umaq nua yusan nua kuka kakivangvangan, batungkuan nua djaladjalan kasicuayan, ceke gadu venuciar a kingtjang a siljizavan, pacuncun ta qayaqaym i ljaqedi ta siukuluan pana kata kacedasan a yu qaciljay. 
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|玉里協天宮
|yili sietien biu
|-
|玉里慈惠堂
|yili cehui biu
|-
|玉里華山寺
|yili hausan pakung
|-
|玉里玉泉寺
|yili yucian pakung
|-
|玉里神社
|yili biu
|-
|八通關古道
|batungkuan nua djaladjalan kasicuayan
|-
|安通越嶺古道
|antung nua djaladjalan kasicuayan
|-
|安通溫泉飯店（安通溫泉歷史建築博物館）
|antung ungsing a liukang (antung ungsing likishi a nanemanga umaq)
|-
|玉里夜市
|yili yachi
|-
|安通溫泉
|antung ungesing
|-
|赤科山金針花季
|ceke gadu venuciar a kingtjang a kamuku
|-
|花東縱谷平原
|kalinku kata valangaw sevesevec a lizulizuk
|}

== racev ==
a racev a talem a sinanpazangal nua kinsic imaza. riuku mirazek tauta. pakata racev sipungadan ta paday kata yuli alju, izuanan za kingtjang, buntan kata utja sanguaq, au aza suika qaljemeqem tu liaw a qatim, avan na racev nua yili.   
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|玉里西瓜
|yili suika
|-
|赤科山蜜香紅茶
|cekesan a hung utja kata alju na hana a qaljesaw 
|-
|玉里麵
|yili suba
|-
|玉里羊羹
|yili alju
|-
|東豐文旦
|dungvung buntan
|-
|玉溪米
|yusi paday
|-
|金針
|kingtjang
|-
|香菇
|ngilengil
|-
|玉里燒仙草
|yili cemel a tatekelen 
|}

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>burlfvsw4c8ni09ik56vs2x0rv4ynoz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Zhuoxi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>111</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12287</id>
      <parentid>11436</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T09:36:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>12287</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7997" sha1="gan4rxlrbmw15123iia44poocm1ef7j" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''zhuoxi'''

(卓溪鄉)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:卓溪鄉卓溪村 (4).jpg|thumb|center|qinaljan i zhuoxi gu]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak (上級行政區劃)
|kalingku(花蓮縣)
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan(舊稱)
|Takkei(kai na bunung布農語)
|-
|sepaljavak(區劃)
|unem a mula ata tadtay saka unem a (lining) (6村106鄰) 
|-
|sihu(政府)

-guciu(鄉長)

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacuqan

/lalaingan tua semanrasudjan a tjaivavav(行政機關)

-qinati a hulic a sihu(立法機關)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-呂必賢(pacun ta guciu na takkei.卓溪鄉鄉長列表)&lt;/nowiki&gt;

- nasetakkei a gukusiu(卓溪鄉公所)

-daihiyukay  na takkei (卓溪鄉民代表會)
|-
|tjaljiqaca a pulingetj/

pulingetjan nua kadjunangan/sasusuan tua pasalavagan na katjunangan

(總面積)
|1,021.3130平方公里
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu/sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan (平均海拔)
|itakuzulj sa unem a iday saka siva a puluq kata  ita a vavavan a maru  tadjekuacan (1,691公尺)
|-
|kinavadavadayan nua cawcaw (人口)

-susuan ta kinatjuruvan a caucau a supu/pinenuljatan na cawcaw (總數)

-(pita sasupuan)sikamasan (排名)

-pinaljingan (戶數)
|

-unem a kuzulj kata siva a caucau (6,009人)(2021 a cavilj kata 3 a qiljas, 2021年3月)

- 12

-itakuzulj sa pitju a iday kata ita a paljingan (1,701戶)
|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng

(郵政編碼)
|982
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu/sasusuan na umaq a vecik(戶政資料代碼)
|10015130
|-
|tjuljivaran nua guan(毗鄰)
|萬榮鄉、瑞穗鄉、玉里鎮、富里鄉；南投縣信義鄉；高雄市桃源區；台東縣海端鄉
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Zhuoxi HL.svg|thumb|center|inuan i zhuoxi gu]]
|-
|}
Zhuoxi（卓溪鄉）

Zhuoxi gu icuwa i Hualien. ala atjunangn mapuljat 1,011.71&amp;nbsp;km² (ma’linpan atjunang  921.78&amp;nbsp;km², ma’linaule atjunang 65.08&amp;nbsp;km²). ala caucau mapuljat 6,040 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 1,512 a daceneqlan, Bunun, Seediq, Truku (95%) a maqcuwa caucau. 

takkei(kai na bunung: Takkei), i pasakaledep a navalj tua [[Kalinku king|kalingku]] i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], nasepaljavak tua kalingkuking a guan a kacalisiyan (izuanan a matadrusa aiwlinggu (秀林鄉) kata wanlunggu (萬榮鄉), a i tjaiviri mavan a wanlunggu (萬榮鄉), a i tjaikacedas mavan a ruysuygu (瑞穗鄉), yilicen (玉里鎮), 富huligu里鄉, a i tjaikaledep nakidjekec tua nanduking a [[Xinyi|sing'igu]] (南投縣信義鄉), katua takawsa a dawyanci高雄市桃源區, a i pasanavalj nakidekes tua i taitu a haytuangu海端鄉. izua a peihuikuisiyen(北回歸線) izua. 

a tjaljiqacaan na kadjunana imaza itakuzulj sa drusa a puluq kata ita (1,021)平方公里a pinaljavakan, sika masanmusalj a tjaljiqacaan ta i kalingku a guan. nu pitua cawcau tjaljamavekeljan ta aicu a guan, nu pitua i taivang tua rukicapiljan ta taqaljaqaljan a saliman a sikamasan tjelulj a kakicapiljan, a pinaljavakan tua kadjunangan sikamasanlimalj ta tjaljiqaca a pulingetj i taivang.

aicu a guan a kadjunangan imaza i tjaivavaw tua i vecekadan ta gadu nua taivang, tjaliaw a gadugaduan tua pinaljavakan na guan, saka kasizua nua marekapana a imaza. amin a  ljeveljav i  tjaikacedas a izua a matapida a tjeljur a lizuk pana, a  kinaqadaqadavan kilaing tua vavavan tua tekuan nua kadjunangan a sikaumaljan.

tjaljatjuruvuan a cawcaw  mavan a bunung zuku izua,  izua uta a tayaruzuku, tarukuzuku, sezdjiqzuku, a sikaqatian ta temalem ta nemanemanga imaza.

ruqivu tiamadju ta kai na bunung.

==[[likisi]]==
aicu a takkei a sicuayanga a ngadan mavan a “Takkei”, a pana imaza. nu qemudjaljanga izuanga a zaljum, nu zumanga neka a zaljum i pana, mavan nu pinungadan ta izua.

ka ripunganan a sihu, na sepinaljavak ta huwalinkang yiligen (花蓮港廳玉里郡) a capiljan tua kadjunangan nua kacalisiyan.

ka qadjav a caviljan a 1750 (18世紀中期), azua a bunung zuku semamaza a karakuda saka mirazek pay kinaizuanga tiamadju. i tua kinaitaivangan nua dripung ta vecekadan a zikang a kinicapiljan tua kacalisian &quot;pasatvat a temaqaljanan&quot; a penetj, ka i 1933 a caviljan tua patungkuan (八通關) a pasetavat ta tahun (大分) katua dalungtung a qinaljan (他魯那束社) a pasatjailaulauz a zusigu kemaizuanga. sa mavananga a kisac (花蓮港廳玉里郡郡警察課) a kicapilj tua marekaqinaljan, tjaraizuazua a gimen (派出所) i qinaljan kilalaing.

tucu a izua a unem a qinaljan, avan a卓溪(Panitaz)、太平(Tavila)、崙山(Daqpusan)、立山、卓清kata古風, mavan tazua a pinatavatan.

ka pataditagilj a maqaqeciqeci, pinaljavak a takkei ta yilicen玉里鎮kata huligu富里鄉a pakicapilj, ka 1946 a caviljan lemingedjeljanga ta na kalingku a daypinggu花蓮縣太平鄉, tazua, mamau ta taiciyu a dayping台中縣太平鄉（今太平區）kata naseyilan a daypinggu宜蘭縣太平鄉mamaw a pinungadanan, pay umaljen（隨後改名為大同鄉）, sa umaljenanga a papungadan ta takkei(卓溪鄉) ka 1950 a caviljan.

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 6 qinaljan i Zhuoxi. matja 17 qinaljan imaza, Hunhungaz（古楓部落）, Silupatun（白端部落）, Sikihiki（石平部落）, Siulang（秀巒部落）, Izukan（崙天部落）, Nakahila（中平部落）, Valau（中興部落）, Dauqpusan（崙山部落）, Tavila（太平部落）, Taluk（卓樂部落）, Lamuan（南安部落）, Saiku（清水部落）, Tausa（山里部落）, Swasal（古村部落）, Bgurah branaw（三笠山部落）, Sinkam（中正部落）, Panital（卓溪部落）.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|ngadan na mula
|paljingan
|cawcaw
|kacalisiyan
|-
|崙山村
|117, taiday saka tapuluq kata pitju
|680, unem  a iday saka alu a puluq
|630,  unem a iday saka tjelu a puluq
|-
|立山村
|375,  tjelu a iday saka pitju a puluq kata lima
|1199,  takuzulj sa taiday saka siva a puluq kata siva
|1172,  takuzulj sa taiday saka pitju a puluq kata drusa
|-
|太平村
|232,  drusa a iday saka tjelu a puluq kata drusa
|884,  alu a iday saka alu a puluq kata pitju
|859,  alu a iday saka lima a puluq kata siva
|-
|卓溪村
|257,  drusa a iday saka lima a puluq kata pitju
|880,  alu a iday saka salu a puluq 
|804,  alu a iday kata sepatj
|-
|卓清村
|333,  tjelu a iday saka tjelu a puluq kata tjelu
|1270,  takuzulj sa drusa a iday saka pitju a puluq
|1207,  takuzulj sa drusa a iday kata pitju
|-
|古風村
|319,  tjelu a iday saka tjelu a puluq kata siva
|1145,  takuzulj sa taiday saka seprtj a puluq kata lima
|1099,  takuzulj saka siva a puluq kata siva
|-
|卓溪村
|1693,  takuzulj sa unem a iday saka siva a puluq kata tjelu
|6058,  unem a kuzulj saka lima a puluq kata alu
|5791,  lima a kuzulj sa pitju a iday saka siva a puluq kata ita
|}

==tatuluan==
izua alu a gakku a kedrikedri imaza i zhuoxi gu.

==paravacan a racev==
paday, qudis, vuday, ljaceng.

==sipacacikelan==
===palidring a djalan===
====palidring a djalan na taiwan====
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW30.svg|23px|]] sikamasan 30 a palidring a djalan na taiwan

====palidring a djalan na kalinku====
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWhl63.svg|23px|]] sikamasan 63 a djalan na kalinku
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWhl65.svg|23px|]] sikamasan 65 a djalan na kalinku
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWhl66.svg|23px|]] sikamasan 66 a djalan na kalinku
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWhl67.svg|23px|]] sikamasan 67 a djalan na kalinku
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWhl68.svg|23px|]] sikamasan 68 a djalan na kalinku
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWhl70.svg|23px|]] sikamasan 70 a djalan na kalinku
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWhl73.svg|23px|]] sikamasan 73 a djalan na kalinku
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWhl75.svg|23px|]] sikamasan 75 a djalan na kalinku

== kasizuan ==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]</text>
      <sha1>gan4rxlrbmw15123iia44poocm1ef7j</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>aljak na mazazangiljan a ti paisi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>112</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12492</id>
      <parentid>12307</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-20T09:34:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12492</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1540" sha1="625t6yq1u6gpklg44y3m6arwzwee5fe" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#D3A4FF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |aljak na mazazangiljan a ti paisi
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:Schneewittchen2.jpg|center|250px]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|sinanljavaran
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal;text-align:left&quot; |aljak na mazazangiljan a ti paisi
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kuka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |djermany (Germany)
|-
|}
[[minamilingan]] aicu &quot;aljak na mazazangiljan a ti paisi (白雪公主)&quot;, mavan a milimilingan nua sedjerman (German) i [[iyurupu|iyurupu]] (Europe) tua tja kakedriyan. a i sangasangasan a [[vinecikan]] aicu a milimilingan i tua sinansunatj nua madrusa a kaka a lja grimm (The Brothers Grimm) a minamilingan nua lja grimm (Grimms' Fairy Tales) ka 1812 a caviljan. sinanljavaran aicu a &quot;Sneewittchen&quot; nua i kakaian a djermany.

==minamilingan==
&lt;gallery caption=&quot;sinanzugan ni velanz (Franz Jüttner) tua ''aljak na mazazangiljan a ti paisi'' (1905)&quot;&gt;
Franz Jüttner Schneewittchen 1.jpg|1. na qivu a mamazangiljan a vavayan tua pinalisian a qailjungan.
Franz Jüttner Schneewittchen 2.jpg|2. i cemecemel ti paisi.
Franz Jüttner Schneewittchen 3.jpg|3. 
Franz Jüttner Schneewittchen 5.jpg|4. 
Franz Jüttner Schneewittchen 4.jpg|5.
Franz Jüttner Schneewittchen 6.jpg|6. 
Franz Jüttner Schneewittchen 7.jpg|7. 
Franz Jüttner Schneewittchen 8.jpg|8. 
&lt;/gallery&gt;

[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasavecekadan]]</text>
      <sha1>625t6yq1u6gpklg44y3m6arwzwee5fe</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>cawtun</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>113</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12300</id>
      <parentid>12205</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T14:05:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>12300</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="10554" sha1="ijqsrptxgtuoj227i45i7wipm8xq8mo" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''cawtun'''

(Chháu-tùn-tìn)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Jiujiufeng, Nantou County ,Taiwan.jpg|center|250px]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Chhóthùn - Chháutūn - (Caotun, Nantou County).svg|center|250px]]
|-
|-
|kakunian
|tayuan
|-
|na tjaivavaw a pangaljan na kaizuanan
|lamtaw king
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|Chháu-ê-á Tun
|-
|pangaljan na kaizuanan
|izua 27 a li, 607 a lin
|-
|sasusuan ta pasalavaan na kadjunangan
|104.0327 km²
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|sihu
|-
|kalaingan
|簡景賢
|-
|lalaingan ta semanrarasudjan a tjaivavaw
|cawtun kusiu
|-
|lalaingan ta semankakuletan a tjaivavaw
|cawtun gikai
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|sasupuan ta caucau
|-
|sinisupuan ta caucau
|97,064 a caucau(sinisupuan na kaqiljas a 9 na kacavilj a 2021)
|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku
|542
|-
|sasusuan na umaq a vecik
|10008030
|-
|tjuljivaran ta guan
|lamtaw a lizuk katua vuhung gu nua taiciu
|}
tjaiteku a pinaljavakan aicu a '''cawtun''' nua lamtaw king. sa sivecivecik aza vavecikan a pinairangan tua cawtun a &quot;Chháu-tùn&quot; ayain. a i vecekadan a kadjunangan a cawtun tua [[Taiwan|tayuan]]. a i pasaviri a kaledep a cawtun tua lamtaw king. a i pasakaledep tua cianghua. a i pasaviri tua taiciu. pazangal izua mareka palidring a djalan a pasamaza i cawtun matu sikamasantjelulj, sikanmasan 14, sikamasan 63 katua sikamasan 76 a palidring a djalan nua tayuan, matu sikamasantjelulj, katua sikamasannemelj a palidring a djalan nua kunian.

==pinapungadan ta sipaljavakan==
==caucau==
{| class=&quot;toc&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center&quot;
!sasupuan tua caucau i cawtun&lt;br&gt;&lt;sub&gt;（kemasi ka 1981 a caviljan a patje ka 2020 a caviljan）&lt;/sub&gt;
|-
|&lt;div style=&quot;background:#BBFFBB; border:solid 1px&quot;&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;NavHead&quot; style=&quot;background:transparent; text-align:left&quot;&gt;sasupuan tua caucau&lt;/div&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;NavContent&quot; style=&quot;background:#ADFBE0&quot;&gt;
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; font-size:90%&quot;
!cavilj
!ka 1981 a caviljan
!1982
!1983
!1984
!1985
!1986
!1987
!1988
!1989
!1990
|-
!caucau
|'''82,471'''
|83,321
|84,166
|85,122
|86,163
|86,839
|87,545
|88,526
|89,457
|90,406
|-
!cavilj
!1991
!1992
!1993
!1994
!1995
!1996
!1997
!1998
!1999
!2000
|-
!caucau
|91,263
|92,456
|93,130
|94,082
|94,825
|95,628
|96,352
|96,833
|97,280
|97,740
|-
!cavilj
!2001
!2002
!2003
!2004
!2005
!2006
!2007
!2008
!2009
!2010
|-
!caucau
|98,180
|98,617
|99,059
|99,342
|99,523
|99,752
|99,884
|100,143
|'''100,294'''
|99,674
|-
!cavilj
!2011
!2012
!2013
!2014
!2015
!2016
!2017
!2018
!2019
!2020
|-
!caucau
|99,249
|99,374
|99,297
|99,209
|98,837
|98,431
|97,875
|97,119
|97,608
|97,489
|-
|}
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
|}

==sipacacikelan==
===palidring a djalan===
====palidring a djalan na vuremusa (Formosa)====
[[sineqetj a vecik:TWHW3.svg|23px]] sikamasantjelulj a palidring a djalan na vuremusa (Formosa)
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TWHW6.svg|23px]] sikamasannemelj a palidring a djalan na vuremusa (Formosa)

====palidring a djalan na taiwan====
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW3.png|23px]] sikamasantjelulj a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW3a.svg|23px]] sikamasantjelulj-A a palidring a djalan na taiwan

[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW14.png|23px]] sikamasansimuluq saka sepatj a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW14a.png|23px]] sikamasansimuluq saka sepatj-A a palidring a djalan na taiwan

[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW63.svg|23px]] sikamasan 63 a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW63a.png|23px]] sikamasan 63-A a palidring a djalan na taiwan

====palidring a djalan na lamtaw====
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW148.png|23px]] sikamasan 148 a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWnt1.svg|23px]] sangasangasan a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWnt2.svg|23px]] sikamasanmusalj a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWnt3.svg|23px]] sikamasantjelulj a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWnt4.svg|23px]] sikamasansimatjelj a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWnt6.svg|23px]] sikamasannemelj a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWnt7.svg|23px]] sikamasanpitjulj a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWnt8.svg|23px]] sikamasanvalulj a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWnt9.svg|23px]] sikamasansivalj a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWnt10.svg|23px]] sikamasansimuluq a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWnt11.svg|23px]] sikamasansimuluq saka ita a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWnt14.svg|23px]] sikamasansimuluq saka sepatj a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWnt17.svg|23px]] sikamasansimuluq saka pitju a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWnt19.svg|23px]] sikamasansimuluq saka siva a palidring a djalan na lamtaw
&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:TW_THWnt92.svg|23px]] sikamasan 92 a palidring a djalan na lamtaw

===basu===
kinapacacikelan aicu a cawtun. a i pasaviri tua buvung (''霧峰''), tali (''大里''), taiciu (''台中''). a i pasanavalj tua lamtaw (''南投''), teksan (''竹山''), katua suili (''水里''). a i pasakacedas tua kusin (''國姓'') katua puli (''埔里''). a i pasakaledep tua cianghua (''彰化''), wanlim (''員林''), lukang (''鹿港'') katua zuma a lizulizuk. pazangal a ljaljevavavan tua basu nua i cawtun imaza tua matjaliaw sipasusuan a djalan nua basu.

izua drusa a ljaljevavavan nua basu imaza i cawtun. a i djalan a cunsing izua ljaljevavavan tua basu nua taiciu katua basu nua kukang. patjara ljaljevavavan tua zuma a basu, matu basu nua cianghua, basu nua lamtaw, basu nua cuanhang, basu nua wanlim, basu nua cunta, basu nua tunlian, pubasuan izua i sikamasanmusalj a djalan a taiping.

====basu nua taiciu====
'''[[台中市公車108路|&lt;span style=&quot;color: red&quot;&gt;108&lt;/span&gt;]]''' a basu a kemasi tua ljaljevavavan na kangbuy (港尾) a patje taigaku a nankai.
====basu nua i lizuk a lamtaw====
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;
|-
!sasupuan
!sipacacikelan
!basu
!zuma a sitjaucikelan
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;3&lt;/span&gt;'''
|kemasi tua cawtun a pasa tiunghing a patjemaza i kitaw
|basu na ciunghua&lt;br&gt;basu na guanlim&lt;br&gt;basu na lamtaw
|penaqulid tu a kinatagiljan aza ljaljevavavan a lamhuang
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;3A&lt;/span&gt;'''
|cawtun－lamkeng －kitaw
|basu na ciunghua&lt;br&gt;basu na guanlim&lt;br&gt;basu na lamtaw
|penaqulid tu a kinatagiljan aza ljaljevavavan a lamhuang
|-
|}

====basu a patjeqalja====
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;100%&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;
|-
!supuan nua basu
!sipacacikelan
!ngadan nua basu
!sitjaucikelan
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6268&lt;/span&gt;'''
|taiciu－puli
|[[全航客運]]
|部分班次行經霧峰市區、國道六號、中投公路、高鐵臺中站、繞經新-{庄}--{里}-、北山坑、延駛逢甲大學、鯉魚潭&lt;br&gt;行駛國道六號班次不經草屯
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6322&lt;/span&gt;'''
|taiciu－cawtun－nankang (南崗)－suili
|[[總達客運]]
|經霧峰市區、亞大醫院、南崗
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6333&lt;/span&gt;'''
|taiciu－cawtun－tiunghing (中興)－suili
|總達客運
|部分班次行駛國道三號、中投公路&lt;br&gt;行駛國道三號班次不經草屯、中興
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6653&lt;/span&gt;'''
|cawtun－tayal a 渡假村
|[[南投客運]]
|平日部分班次由草屯端延駛至草屯商工
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6655&lt;/span&gt;'''
|cawtun－大坪
|basu nua lamtaw
|
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6656&lt;/span&gt;'''
|puli－cawtun
|basu nua lamtaw
|每日雙向僅開出一班車
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6670&lt;/span&gt;'''
|taiciu－高鐵臺中站－puli－日月潭
|南投客運
|部分班次行駛國道六號、繞經九族文化村、中台禪寺、延駛臺中國際機場、向山行政中心&lt;br&gt;行駛國道六號班次不經草屯
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6672&lt;/span&gt;'''
|lamtaw－puli
|basu nua lamtaw
|經中興、cawtun、國道六號，不經雙冬、柑子林
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6870&lt;/span&gt;'''
|taiciu－kitaw (溪頭)
|basu nua ciunghua&lt;br&gt;basu nua guanlim
|經霧峰市區、cawtun、tiunghing (中興)、鹿谷
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6871&lt;/span&gt;'''
|taiciu－杉林溪
|basu nua taiciu&lt;br&gt;basu nua guanlim&lt;br&gt;[[杉林溪遊樂事業]]
|經霧峰市區、cawtun、tiunghing (中興)、鹿谷、kitaw (溪頭)
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6875&lt;/span&gt;'''
|lamtaw－puli
|basu nua lamtaw
|pasa tiunghing (中興), cawtun, siangtang (雙冬), katua kamana (柑子林)
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6899&lt;/span&gt;'''
|taiciu－puli
|basu nua taiciu&lt;br&gt;basu nua lamtaw
|部分班次行經霧峰市區、國道六號、中投公路、繞經新-{庄}--{里}-、北山坑&lt;br&gt;行駛國道六號班次不經草屯
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6908&lt;/span&gt;'''
|水尾－cawtun
|basu nua ciunghua
|
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6909&lt;/span&gt;'''
|鹿港－cawtun
|basu nua ciunghua
|平日部分班次由草屯端延駛至旭光高中
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6910&lt;/span&gt;'''
|ciunghua－puli
|basu nua ciunghua
|平日部分班次由彰化端延駛至彰化高商
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6916&lt;/span&gt;'''
|ciunghua－lamtaw
|basu nua ciunghua
|平日部分班次行經南投高中&lt;br&gt;經 tiunghing (中興)
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6917&lt;/span&gt;'''
|ciunghua－lamtaw
|basu nua ciunghua
|平日部分班次行經南投高中&lt;br&gt;經南崗
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6918&lt;/span&gt;'''
|ciunghua－lamtaw
|basu nua ciunghua
|平日部分班次行經南投高中&lt;br&gt;經林子頭
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6919&lt;/span&gt;'''
|ciunghua－lamtaw
|basu nua ciunghua
|平日部分班次行經南投高中&lt;br&gt;經縣-{庄}-
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6922&lt;/span&gt;'''
|cawtun－半路店
|basu nua ciunghua
|neka nu basu nu i sasekezan
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6923&lt;/span&gt;'''
|cawtun－guanlim
|basu nua ciunghua
|部分班次行經[[中州科技大學]]&lt;br&gt;所有班次行經社口
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;6924&lt;/span&gt;'''
|lamtaw－guanlim
|basu nua ciunghua
|a pasa pisan (碧山)
|-
|'''&lt;span style=&quot;color:red;&quot;&gt;9120&lt;/span&gt;'''
|taiciu－tisan (竹山)
|basu nua guanlim
|平日部分班次行經南投高中，所有班次行經霧峰市區&lt;br&gt;目前彰化客運、台西客運及台中客運之班次由員林客運代駛
|-
|}

====basu a pasa djalan nua kunian====

==kivangavangan==
&lt;gallery&gt;
登瀛書院主殿.jpg|kakituluan a tenging
黃昏的九九峰.jpg|sivapuluq saka siva a gadugaduan
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==kasizuan==</text>
      <sha1>ijqsrptxgtuoj227i45i7wipm8xq8mo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>cekecek</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>114</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12647</id>
      <parentid>12645</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-09-11T05:00:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* sauljai */</comment>
      <origin>12647</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1885" sha1="9zll012l23b7adrmu6yvb3y3pnb0rgz" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Paiwan 2.jpg|thumb|500x500 px]]

aicu a pinaljavakan nua taqinaljanan tjaljiqaca aravac, izua pinaljavakan nua [[qinaljan]], namasan qaqumain katua  cemecemel  a qaqaljupan. aicu a i ta [[qinaljan]], i ta tideq tua qaqumain katua cemeceml a qaqaljupan katua namasan [[palisi]] a kadjunangan  katua  gadu, cinekecekan tua qaciljan. aicu a mareka '''cekecek''' tjara izuazua ngadan katua pacugan, maru '''tjaljaulian''', '''sauljauljai''', '''sauljai''', '''ljaljaqedian''', '''cukes''' katua '''sarungrungan'''.

==kaizuazua==
=== tjaljaulian===
'''tjaljaulian''' nuaya pinakacuan tua nasemavarung. aicu a '''tjaljaulian''' [[qaciljai]] a liningdjelj pitua cemecemel. namasan sinicekecek a pukeljang tua i tjupalisi katua i qaqaljupan. aicu a pinaka i tjupalisi, avan a kinaizuanan nua mareka sevalitan ni caucau a se Paiwan. aicu a pinaka cemecemel, avan a qaqaljupan.

=== sauljauljai ===
aicu a '''sauljauljai''' qaciljai a liningdjelj a pitua ta gadugaduan katua umaq nua [[mamazangiljan|mamazagiljan]]. aicu a '''sauljauljai''' a sinicekecek itua mareka gadu, sini pukeljang tua paljakev nua naqemati. manasika aicu a raruqaljuqaljupan avan a cinekecekan tua sauljauljai a gadu a kakiqaungan tua suljivatjan katua kipapuqimang niamadju. manasika  aicu a '''sauljauljai''' i gadu,  pukeljang tu avan a cacevucevungan niamadju a raruqaljuqaljupan..
=== sauljai ===
aicu a '''[[sauljai]]''' a liningedjelj a pitua umaq nua kavusaman a [[mamazangiljan|mamazagiljan]], namasan ljaljetekuan nua naqemati katua mareka sevalitan. a cinekecekan tua sauljai a umaq tjara  tinaleman tua djaraljap, ayatua aicu a djaraljap nakemasi kalevelevan sa kemapaz a semakacauan aya milimilingan a kemasi mamiling. manasika aicu a '''sauljai''' itua umaq nua [[kavusaman]] a [[mamazangiljan|mamazagiljan]], namasan vecekadan tua [[qinaljan]] se [[Paiwan]].

==pacunu uta ==
* [[umaq]]</text>
      <sha1>9zll012l23b7adrmu6yvb3y3pnb0rgz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>cinunan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>115</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10444</id>
      <parentid>10214</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-07-28T23:30:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Sotiale|Sotiale]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>4974</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="569" sha1="oqrfx4ij040ilq4adnohwyaz54f5izx" xml:space="preserve">cinunan(獵人)

nu uri masan tua cinunan, tjara naqemaljupanga ta takec, size, venan kata vavuy.

sinanpazangal a aravac na [[Paiwan|paiwan]] ta pasusu tua kakudan na cinunan, izuaga a kakudan i qaqeljupan, qemaljupan kata kinamunguaqan tua siqaljupan. sa izuanga uta a kai nua cinunan. aza kai tua inika maqati a qivu, matu pucun nua qaqeljupan. qaw aza kai tua maqati a qivu mavanaga a maljavaljavar tia cinunan nu maqepu tiamadju, matu sinisanparavac na gadu tua tayday a supu na vavuy, masaliawliaw a sinisanparavac tua qemuziquzip, matu qecengalan avan a vavuy.

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  <page>
    <title>cuqu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>116</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11368</id>
      <parentid>11232</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-09-23T13:10:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11368</origin>
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      <text bytes="2760" sha1="elghd9abqdkcmue65sd7wo5ppbyuauk" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |cuqu
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:過溝村茄苳樹.jpg|250px]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinivecikan na ruvaruvarung
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|''Bischofia javanica''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; font-size=&quot;5pt&quot; align=&quot;center| &lt;small&gt;pinapungadan ni Blume, ka 1827 a caviljan&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |zumanga a ngadan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kinakaian na amilika
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |bishop wood
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kai a sakizaya
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | sakul
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinairangan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | Ka-tang
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|ciniukuan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 茄苳
|-
|}
[[sineqetj a vecik:Bischofia javanica.jpg|縮圖]]
'''cuqu(茄苳)'''

masanliawliaw a cuqu izua i namasanmaculjuculju a kinaqadavan, saka madjulu a pacun ta cuqu izua i sikavaljutan na [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] uta, sa izuazua a cuqu i idedet a umaq, kadjalanan, puzaljuman kata quma. aicu a pinaka a “tjuacuqu” izua i taiwu gu na [[Taitu king|taitu]], mavan a ngadan nu cuqu.

kudrakudal a kasiw kata liaw a [[milingan]] sa semanalji a cuqu. saka, uri penadjeng a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] ta cuqu i quma a patjetucu. ljawa, uri makadikad ta qinuman nu meqaca a cuqu, sa uri ljevavau ta kasiw tua semeqas tua ricing, saka selangeda ta madjani a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] a kemasi ivavaw ta kasiw sa saqetju tiamadju.

aza a namalum a vangalj na cuqu mavan a pazangal a lami nua qayam kata cia, saka maqati a  kanen na caucaw uta. sa sanguaq tua pinuqatian kata ledjeledje a asav na cuqu, avan a peravan a cinalivatan nua [[Paiwan|paiwan]] nu kakedriyanan. semanpazangal a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] tua aicu a kasiw tua sinanumaq, masa a kipaqadilj aicu a kasiw ta macemu, sa uri sinanpazangal a cuqu tua semancukes. pazangal aravac a cukes i umaqan, uri venecivencik ta cukes a [[mamazangiljan]] i umaqan niamdju matu venecik ta caucaw kata vulung. maqati a semaqas tazua a kudral a kasiw tua semanvalji.

==cukesen==
ti tjen a payuan seman pazangal itjen tua cuqu, ayatua san cukesen nua sevalitan, san salangen katua [[valanga]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://alive.businessweekly.com.tw/single/Index/ARTL003005515 頭目家屋的祖靈柱]&lt;/ref&gt;

==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P209-210。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>djaqas</title>
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      <timestamp>2024-06-14T05:20:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
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      <text bytes="4255" sha1="7fcrs6qvx26b3ywwpyw4tos9d9x9ovz" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |djaqas
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:Lagerstroemia_subcostata.jpg|thumb|250px|djaqas]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinivecikan na ruvaruvarung
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|''Lagerstroemia subcostata''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; font-size=&quot;5pt&quot; align=&quot;center| &lt;small&gt;pinapungadan ni Koehne&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |zumanga a ngadan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kinakaian na amerika
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Taiwan Crepe Myrtle
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinairangan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |khu-ná-hoe
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|ciniukuan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |九芎
|-
|}
[[sineqetj a vecik:九芎Lagerstroemia subcostata 20210601133324 08.jpg|縮圖]]
aicu a '''djaqas''' (Lagerstroemia subcostata) a kinakasivan na kudresul saka sadjelung, namavalid a vucir, kakedrikedriyan a nama qupuqupung a vangalj, nu kiyurag kisuraljiralj, caljeqil aravac a kemapaz.


==makamaza==
izuazua a djaqas itjainavalj a vincekadan ta chuku kata iteku tua sasusuan tua vavavan na kadjunangan i taiwan a ljemaveljav kata ljemavigan. qaw izua a liaw a kadjunangan a sinipapungadan ta “djaqas”, masa a liaw a djaqas izua.


==papungadan==
aicu a pacugan nua djaqas a ngadan, avananga a maviking a aicu a kasiw. aza a vencikan a “九” (siva) mavananga a masanliawliaw, qaw aza a vencikan a “芎” avan a rukurukung numaya.

masa maviking aza a kasiw, sa inia maqati a sialangan tua temapau, amin a maqati a sicukau tuqadavanga, avan a tuzung kata qidung. izua a natideq a cuqus na djaqas, sa alapen ta kasiw nua [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] tua malang ta [[vaqu]] a cadju kata tjaljev tua pinaquzip a tjaynan.

a pacugan a ngadan nua djaqas, avan a tjamaqacuvunganga a djaqas nu macelaqut aza a kasiw. nu maumalj a kinaqadaqadavan, mekeljang a aicu a kasiw, sa sinan tjaljapazangal a kasiw tuqadavan nua [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]]. nu kaljavevegan tucavilj, izua a veneve a djaqas, qaw azua a vaqu a temugutanga a tjaqaca a 一尺, sa qinemav ta kakanen na zuma a cemel. azua a cuvuq na djaqas, paqaqenetj ta [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] tua masik i [[vaqu]] a quma. qaw, nu lumuken ta ledjeledje a asaw nua djaqas, sa maqati a papucemecemel. tjengelayuta aravac a lava ta keman ta ledjeledje a asaw nua djaqas. sa maqati a malumanga a vangalj tua sinan ta tamadang nua kuakuang.


==sikavaljutan==
rupacucun tazua a djaqas i sineljavekan nua [[Paiwan|paywan]], sa tjaljapazangal a kasiw tuqadavanga. maqati a aicu a kasiw a malap tua pecungu, qaw inia kaljava ta nametadanga.

sa, tjaljapazangal tua qemaljupqaljup a [[cinunan]], tuki a i ruqudjaljan. saka, azua a kasiw nua djaqas, mavananga a nangaq a kasiw tua malang ta lingay. 


==patjara sikudakudan nua djaqas==
===sinansenay===
numasudjusudju ka sicuyan,sinan parutavak, (kavalanga lidaqasen nu kiyurag kisuraljiralj), ulja namaya ta djaqas a ikamevuluvulung siniaya.

===sinancekecek===
aicua djaqas, makaya tja sicekecek a seman paljaljaqedian, nu venvu tja kakiavangan ta siasikan ta [[vaqu]].

===sipapuljipaq/ sipapuljiva===
nupucekelj a [[mamazangiljan]], namasan lalisian a ljipaq. azua sipapiayayan tua sudjusudju na uqaljaqaljai, nu kaljasalutan makaya sematjez ta djaqs a papuljipaq. 

===sidjupidjupil===
azua ngaingav a asav, tja tjutjuqen, makaya sidjupil ta piqay a pucemel.

===sisanqidung===
kumalji a kaljaqudjaljan mezua a ravac a sipecungu, nanguaq aravac a sanqidungen.

===sinankakanen===
azua maka gadu a lava, tjengelay a keman tua ngaingav a qasav.

===sisantjuzungen===
makaya ravac santjuzungen tua [[tjakit]] tua kaukav tua siqunu tua tjatjukun tua tjukuzan tua vukavuka.


===lisi===
amasan pazangal a ljavaran tua patjara lisi nu masudju. kakudan a [[lisi]] a sauqaljai nu pucekelj. aicu a djaqas makaya san kasiven nu papuljiva.

==kasizuan==
鄭漢文等，2004，《排灣族民族植物》。臺北：行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P57。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>djilung</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>118</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12455</id>
      <parentid>12454</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-14T04:39:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* vinalingaljavan */</comment>
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      <text bytes="4984" sha1="4k2g3wznmwtanf5z4ncjprstjfuxbnq" xml:space="preserve">==djilung(陶甕)==
a djilung nua [[payuan]] izua [[vavayan]] katua [[uqaljai]]. maretimalji a kina kemudamudan nua djilung katua reretan.


===mamazangiljan===
aicu a paljing tua umaq nua [[mamazangiljan]] vincikan tua [[kamavanan]] katua reretan a djilung.

===kapuapua===
kapuapua ayaitjen tua papu qalevan a reretan.

===veljatj===
anema namasan veljatj itua paukuz nua [[mamazangiljan]] nuaya itjen avan a dredretan.

==djilung nua Kavulungan zuku==
[[sineqetj a vecik:排灣古陶壺1.jpg|thumb|right|220px|aicu a djilung nua [[Paiwan|sepayuan]].]]
a djilung nua [[Kavulungan]] zuku izua [[vavayan]] katua uqaljai. na masan lialiaw sinanayan a djilung nua Kavulungan zuku: izua pinucalingan, giljugiljung, kavuqui, kindraljum, lalupeng, ljui, reretan, salalupengan, vinalingaljavan, kapuapua, saljaljumegan, luseqnaqiljas, makatuvung, vavauan...

===giljugiljung===
nu tjezua tua [[siqaljuqaljupan]], avan a giljugiljung a sikapalisi.

===kavuqui===
aicu a pinaka kindraljum a [[reretan]], sikitekelan tua vatingan nua kiniquluan a caucau.

===ljui===
aicu a ljui katua zaqu namasan pazangal a turivecan nu [[palisi]] a [[malada]].

===pinucalingan===
aicu a pinucalingan a [[reretan]] makaya silingdelj tua qumaq, sipucekelj saka papizuanan tua tjaljayan.

===salalupengan===
aicu a salalupengan a [[reretan]], avan a sikapalisi tua vaik a kiqeci katua nu mangetjez i tjumaq.

===vinalingaljavan===
aicu a pinaka [[vinalingaljavan]] a [[reretan]] avan a sipucekecekelj.

===saljaljumegan===
aicu a saljaljumegan a [[reretan]] namasan kakiqaunga tua patjara nu tjaivililj katua siqauqaung a pacugan.

===luseq-na-qiljas===
aicu a luseqnaqiljas namasan sikiqauqaung tua qudjalj saka papizuanan tua sikapalisilisi a palalj uta.

===makaveljevelj===
aicu a makaveljevelj inika amin a sipakitjuaya, rarukuzan tua tjaljayan nua [[vaqu]] katua [[padai]].

===pinupatakaljan===
aicu a pinupatakaljan a dredretan makayauta si lingdjelj tua umaq, sipapucekelj saka saseqetjan tua tjaljayan uta.

===tavatavangen===
aicu a pinaka tjavatjavngen a reretan avan a sikapalisilisi.

==milingan(傳說故事) ==
'''qinati tua sevalitan nua se Paiwan a caucau'''

anan a caucau i [[kacauan]], azua ljaljak anan a [[qadaw]] cemalivat a maka navalj i [[Taiwan]]g, palemek a pacun ta tagaduan tu izua a bulabulay a tjaljikedrikedri a vuteqiteqilj a qinaciljay a umaq. paka temalidu aravac a qadaw, qau sa saqumaqan tua qinaciljay a umaq, nasa pacun tu izua anema i qumaqan. 
manu izua a kudrakudral a djilung a vincikan a matatailj ta [[vulung]] a qatjuvi kata babulabulayan a vecik. azua rusepeljan a qadaw paka talidu aravac, qau qemiladj i pavavaw ta djilung sa pacun ta vecik ita qaciljay a djeljep. manu inikana kinemenem, pualjak a qadaw tu drusa [[qecilu]] a pitaladj ta djilung. ka tjaukavuak a qecilu, mintjus a qadaw, sa cedas tua mezangal a teljar. pai azua maljavaljavar i gadugadu a [[vatu]] kata ngiyaw, ka pacun tiyamadju ta na semamalji a teljar, pakirimu a mintuluq a sema kagaduan, pasa kemeljang tu izua anema a uri mapacung. azua minglayalayap i kalevelevan a qayaqayam a tjatjiv, namintjus uta a pacun tua teljar, sa inlayap a semavavaw ta kasiw i palikulikuz ta qinaciljay a umaq, sa pacun taicu a inianan a tjapacuni kasicuayan a kinakemudamudan.

pai kapacun a vatu ta temeljateljar a umaq a qinaciljay, pakirimu a gemureguregur a kipalingulj ta umaq. mezangal a siguruguran na vatu a matu midradrua a kadjunangan a kalevelevan, patjetucu inianan a temuru a ljeteku. pai sa kaipuq uta a kudrakudral adjilung, manu maruqu a drusa kudrakudral a qecilu, sa karuqu a tjalju dudut tua ngiyaw, pai tangezen a pasekez nua ngiyaw azua qecilu. manu, mapeteq azua qecilu sa inqut azua bulabulay aravac a kakedriyan a [[vavayan]]. azua ita qecilu mapeteq sa inqut uta azua sauqaljay aravac a kakedriya a [[uqaljai]].
nalicequt tiamadju a madrusa tua natemljar a kakudrakudralan a maca, pacucun tusa bulabulay a i kacauan, sa djelidjeli a mudingan, a ljingaw nua djeli matu pakeliling anga a pasa kalingkiling, pai sa sekez anga a gemureguregur a vatu, kamalji angiyaw kitadut tjayamadju, sa qazaw a tjalju tua kula niamadju. 

a i vavaw tua kasiw a tjatjiv a qayaqayam, masepu ta kinasarunguaq nazua zaing, sa kalevaleva a minglayalayap a penalinguljan tjayamadju, sa qivuivu, “ tjuku! ” “ tjuku! ” “ ljua! ” “ ljua! ” a kadjunangan malevaleva a zemiyamiyan, patjetucu a mavalidilidi. a kasiw igadu venevu ta ludjuludju a pisangas, sa vutilak ta makakaizuazua a quljaw a vuciyar nua marka hana. a nasegalju a pana iniyanga ka na masiyaq, sa zarazaizaing a zaljum amaru semenasenay. a kinakina aqadaw i kalevelevan na maleva a cedas tana sulapelj a teljar, sa pateljar a pita djeli na kakedriyan. 
ka vililj anga, aicu a vavayan a kakedriyan pakati “ Tjuku ” anga a ngadan, azua a uqaljay a kakedriyan pakati “ Ljua ” anga a ngadan.
aicu a tjaucikel ta madrusa, avan a tjalja sangasangasan a [[payuan]] a [[caucau]], aya.

==pacunu uta==
* [[qata]]
* [[langalj]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>djulis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>119</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12493</id>
      <parentid>12398</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-23T07:02:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Auljav</username>
        <id>34</id>
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      <text bytes="2870" sha1="q4xmsnfwc55ntlk7rh677gc0nvsw2gk" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |djulis
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:紅藜.jpeg|thumb|djulis|220px|center]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinikeljang ta cemel kata kasiw
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|界
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Plantae
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|演化支
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Angiosperms
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|演化支
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Eudicots
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|目
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Caryophyllales
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 科
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Amaranthaceae
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|屬
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |''Chenopodium''


|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 種
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |''C. formosanum''
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinivecikan ta cemel kata kasiw
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|'''''Chenopodium formosanum'''''
''&lt;small&gt;Koidz., 1940&lt;/small&gt;''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; font-size=&quot;5pt&quot; align=&quot;center| &lt;small&gt;pinapungadan ni Koidz.&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|}


[[sineqetj a vecik:賽夏族的紅藜.JPG|thumb|djulis]]

a '''djulis''' (''Chenopodium formosanum''), [[lami]] nua caucau a se [[Paiwan]], valeljevelj aravac a qiljas nua vangalj nua aicu a djulis, tucu tjuruvu anga tjengelay a keman tua Julia.

namasan pazangal aravac a djulis tua talem i [[kacalisian]], azua a vat a pinaka a lavi. alapen ta tjanguaq a djulis nua djulis tua dremasi, sa kivat tua pizua i djilung. nu venusamanga, azua a djulis a mavananga a tjaqaca a tapuluq a marutaljudjuqan, sa uri masik a caucau tua sinanljaceng ta sipakan, avan a suma. azua a vat nua djulis a maqati a sipakan, sa sanguaq angata, ljawa pazangal a saliman taicu a djulis.

sangasangasang, alapu ta qaselu kata [[valanga]] tua maisu ta djulis a vat. qaw semanvusam, sa kemesanga tua keman.maqati uta a vat nua djulis a sinan ta piqa, avan a penalepal ta kemesanga a djulis, sa mesuak kata kemesanga a [[vaqu]].

azua a ngadan na djulis, avan a mesuakanga a qavay, masa a maqati a djulis a mesuak, sa pungadan taizua.inamalangen matu vaqu.

==kakanen==
maqati a tja sanvavain a djulis. manguaq a tjasi vava a djulis.inamalangen matu vaqu.

==kulimalimac==
izua kulimalimac a vuciar nua djulis. liyav a vuciar nua djulis.


==qudjilj==
nu kalja makesan a djulis qudjilj a tja quma i gadu.

==venava==
maqati a tja sanvavain a djulis. 


==pacunu uta ==
* [[vaqu]]
* [[djulis]]
* [[lukuc]]

==kaizuan==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P294。</text>
      <sha1>q4xmsnfwc55ntlk7rh677gc0nvsw2gk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>drakes</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>120</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12504</id>
      <parentid>12503</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-07-09T06:22:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12504</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1202" sha1="k60mcghwa3p0dd00gh3asx5eivjjpc0" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Cinnamomum camphora - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-181.jpg|縮圖|290x290像素|drakes]]
izuazua a '''drakes''' i navalj tua chuku a 長江 kata [[Taiwan|taiwan]], mavananga a mirazek a kasiw izuazua a kemasi iteku ta vecekadn a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. uri semeljec taicu a kasiw na drakes tua masan ta 樟腦, sa semanpazangal taicu a kasiw, [[tjevus]], kata utja tua masan ta tjelu a sauzayan nua [[Taiwan|taiwan]].

masanliawliaw a sikakudanan nua [[Paiwan|paiwan]] taicu a kasiw, matu masan tua [[qeluz]] na umaq, valji, ceqeljap, langalj kata haku, mavananga a qasiw na drakes.

aza vangalj kata qaljic nua drakes, maqati a qemeleqel kata [[saviki]] sa salulum; qaw maqati a kikasiw tua pucungu nu masengseng isasaw sa bisbis ta cacarag. qaw uri meqaca aza a “qudipedi” izua i namacemu a kasiw na drakes, aicu a “qudipedi” a pinaka ta “kazalunga” nua [[Paiwan|paiwan]].


==sanevalangain==
drakes a tjalja nanguaqan a sanevalangain. a drakes mana tjaljananguaqan a sanevalangain.

==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P278。</text>
      <sha1>k60mcghwa3p0dd00gh3asx5eivjjpc0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>guciu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>121</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10963</id>
      <parentid>10952</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T13:04:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>1234qwer1234qwer4</username>
        <id>202</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.230.38|79.163.230.38]]（[[User talk:79.163.230.38|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>6863</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2152" sha1="g0w3fh9uvhcmb00i8ypqul8jlyykwyn" xml:space="preserve">sinicenek tu masan rasudjan nua [[guan]]. mavan malailaing itua [[gukusiu]].

pinaqulidan a patagilj taicu a gusiu ka 民國anga izua i mula a sikaqatian ta temalem i chukuku, sa mavananga a malailaing a kinapangaljan a pinaljavak a guan.


==likisi/ cinalivatan==

izua a guan, avan a pangaljan nua kaizuanan itjaiteku tua king (縣) i tjaljaqacan a katjunangan na mula a sikaqatian ta temalem ka 秦漢 i chukuku. qaw, remingedjilj ta king a lalaingan tua semanrasudjan a tjaivavav i vencekagan a sihu.  a pangaljan nua kaizuanan itjaiteku ta king, izua a pinaljavak nua 鄉里制 ka 唐, a pinaljavak nua 保甲制ka明清. azua a guan a pangaljan nua kaizuanan a pinaljavak nua 胥吏, 差役, 里甲, 鄉地 kata 保甲, ljawa ini a malailaing nua sihu tiamadju. kapuamin ta 清 i sitaliduan na semankakuletan (立憲運動), patagilj a sihu na 清 tua mapenetj a tjavaquan a kinapangaljan a paljavak, sa remingedjilj ta guan a kinapangaljan a paljavak. izua a vinecikan nua kinkiu (研究) , azua a malailaing a kinapangaljan a pinaljavak nua “紳” kapuamin ta 清tua sihu na 北洋政府, sa inia “官”. ka 1929 a cavilj kata lukugacu (六月), naqivu a sihu na 國民政府 tua 《縣組織法》, izua a sasusuan tua a kinasinkiu nua caucau tua gusiu i guan. masa a maqaqeci tua 共產黨 a sihu na 國民政府 ka 1930 a cavilj, napavalit a pinaljavak na guan ta 保甲制.

==sihu na 中國民國 (taiwan)==

azua a gusiu a kinasinkiu na caucau a maqacuvung i 中國民國, avan a malailaing nua guan, sa izua a lalaingan tua semanrasudjan ta gukusiyu.

==sihu na 中華人民共和國==

izua i lalaingan tua semanrasudjan i sihu na 中華人民共和國 a guan, mavan a natjaljateku a pangaljan nua kaizuanan na sihu, sa mamaw ta rivrivan a正科級 na sinipaljavak, a tjaiteku ta malailaing ta king. masa a malailaing a中國共產黨tua sihu a lalaingan tua semanrasudjan, sa pinusaladj a gusiu tua lalaingan tua semanrasudjan i guan, avan a tjaiteku ta rivrivan na 中國共產黨 ta 黨委書記 nua guan, qaw mavan a 副書記 na 中國共產黨 i aicu a guan uta. pinaqulidan a patagilj ta gusiu a kinasinkiu na caucau tucu.</text>
      <sha1>g0w3fh9uvhcmb00i8ypqul8jlyykwyn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gung</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>122</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12731</id>
      <parentid>12730</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-18T04:54:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* sicevud nua gung */</comment>
      <origin>12731</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4991" sha1="777r7g33l5ya59b3u4do1dnw3sq8pkb" xml:space="preserve">==gung (牛)==
{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#FFD1A4; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |gung 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:Melchsee-Frutt Kuh.jpg|250px|center]]
|- style=&quot;background:#FFD1A4; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinikeljang
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|界
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Animalia
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|門
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Chordata
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|綱
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Mammalia
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|目
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Artiodactyla
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|科
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Bovidae
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|亞科
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Bovinae
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|族
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Bovini
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |&lt;small&gt;J. E. Gray, kacaviljan a 1821&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#FFD1A4; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinivecikan
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|''Bos''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; font-size=&quot;5pt&quot; align=&quot;center|&lt;small&gt;Linnaeus, kacaviljan a 1758&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#FFD1A4; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |zumanga a ngadan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kinakaian na amerika
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |bovini
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinairangan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |gû
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kai a sakizaya
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |bukang
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|ciniukuan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |牛族
|-
|}

a titjen a se [[Paiwan|paiwan]],nu paquzip tua qemuziquzipen, avan a paquzip ta gung, a sinan tjaljapazangalan tua sengsengan. a ljemita tua paljing, tjara patjatju izua gung a pinaquzip. azua paquzip tua gung, na masan tjelulj a sasusuan. a sangasangasan, muri sisan ljicaq tua [[can]], tusi tavaljan, a sikasanmusalj, uri si rakac tua [[palidring]] katua na sadjelung a nanemanga, qau tjasipiliq tu namairangez a kelja, satja pakicaquani, qau tja sekauljan anga, a sikasantjelulj, uri tja culjuyin tu kanen, nu djemaljun tua sinu pazangal a [[palisian]], a papuvaljau, a seman pacayan, a qepuan nua taqaljaqaljan, tjara cemulju ta gung tu si paseljavak, a pakan tua mareka kasusu, katua mare ka qaljaqalja a caucau.

==[[ngadan]]==
qau a inavalj katua i kacedas a se [[Paiwan|paiwan]], mangtjezanga sepairang i vuljavuljau, ana kemacu ta gung tu si kasengseng tua can, manu naruqizing sa makiqata aravac. qau veneli anga se [[Paiwan|paiwan]] sa paru se [[Pairang|pairangen]] a paquzip ta gung tu sika sengseng. manuq maudalj maudalj, viililj meliyau anga gung i gadu. a siqivuan na pairng “ gu ” aya, ljakua lemangda ta pairang nu temulek ta “ gu ”, “ gung ”, “ gung ” ayaya sakamaya, qau pacualan anga na sepaiwan sa papungadani tu “ gung ”. a imaza a paiwan “gung” aya. mapuuljat apatjetucu, qau azua liyau a gung nu paveli, liyau a tan uta a kini valjitjuq, inika uri mamauram anga.

==sipaquzipan==
a tja sipaquzipan tua gung, tja tjuruvu a laveten pi gadu, ita niyamadju a kadjunangan, sa pakikani a gung izua, nu uri semancan anga, vaiken a karim sa kacui a macan, patjemaqacuvng a sengsengan, tjaulan anga pacikel igadu. mapulju a paquziqizip tu sirakarakc ta nanemanga, qau sisan “ gutiau ” a pakaizua. azua “ gutiyau ” aya itjen.
a tja kakudan, penalisi a paquzip ta gung , mavan nu ikamaqati a keman tua vutjulj na gung, tja pasususuan a kemasi sicuayan. mangetjez anga “ se helan ”, na kemacu a kemasi “ [[Pilipinas]] ” tua gung, sa sivaik a sema viri a qinaljan na i [[Paiwan|paiwan]], a kivalit ta venan, qau papungadani tu “ ljuang ”. sini pacual ta na“ senantau ”a caucau a kakaiyan ta qemuziquzip. nu sepatj a kula sa patutuan uta, mavan a ljuang a siyaya, patjetucu inianaka mapavalit.
==milingan==

===sicevud nua gung===
izua a milimiligan nua [[bunun]] a patjara gung mavan a kemasi cing a cawcau:

kasicuyanga, izua a madrusa a marekaka, a [[kaka]] a tjavulung ti Minoonne, kati kaka a [[tjaljaljak]] ti Minoonnepo. izua a kintalj, nakiqasiw ti Minoonnepo sa mecevung ta cing a cawcau a macidilj, qaw kiayan tjaimadju tua umaq nimadju ti Minoonnepo sa nataqetanga timadju tucavilj. nu migacaljanga timadju, alapen ta ljaceng avan a cemel naza a cing a cawcau a pakan tjai Minoonnepo. nakemananga ti Minoonnepo, uri mepupicul timadju. sa, pulingulj aza a cing a cawcau tjai Minoonnepo a sematjumaq, ljawa inika djemumak ta kaka a tjavurung. sa kiadjuq a cing a cawcau tua pulingulj ta kaka a tjaljaljak. qaw pakitulu a cing a cawcau ta kaka a tjaljaljak tua venecivencik kata temalemtalem, sa pavay tjaimadju a ita a gung uta. nu meqacanga ti kaka a tjaljaljak, namasan tua cawcau na taiwan.

==pacunu uta==
* [[vatu]]


[[szy:bukang]]
[[zh:牛]]
[[en:Bovini]]</text>
      <sha1>777r7g33l5ya59b3u4do1dnw3sq8pkb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>imanuli</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>123</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11017</id>
      <parentid>11003</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-19T16:17:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/83.11.200.192|83.11.200.192]]（[[User talk:83.11.200.192|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:1234qwer1234qwer4|1234qwer1234qwer4]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>6865</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="350" sha1="abqxzv9ghhuki587r4fw5u63lyd98v7" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Mary16thC.jpg|thumb|220px|Yisu]]

'''imanuil'''（[[Hiniberayan]]: '''עִמָּנוּאֵל'''‎, '''nakizang a cemas tjanuitjen''', siniaya.）avan teveljen a drusa a [[qapulu a vecik]] nua [[Hiberay]] a kai, “'''אל''' ‎([[Cemas]])” kata “'''עמנו‎''' (nakizang tjanuitjen)”.

==pacunu uta==
* [[Kai nua Cemas]]</text>
      <sha1>abqxzv9ghhuki587r4fw5u63lyd98v7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kacalisian</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>124</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11702</id>
      <parentid>11157</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-01-24T05:19:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Kwamikagami</username>
        <id>331</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* zuku na kacalisian */</comment>
      <origin>11702</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3103" sha1="98aez8iffk5g9np9a0lhb3k87yyzavb" xml:space="preserve">'''kacalisian''' aya ta [[Paiwan]] tua kaimazanga a mareka caucau. aicu [[Amis]] kazuku mavan nu tjalja tjuruvuan na '''kacilisian'''. [[Paiwan]] kazuku mavan nu sipasanmusalj tua tjuruvuan nua caucau.

==papungadan katua inumaljan==
itua 1994, itua ta [[kahulicuan]] a sinipateljuq tua vecik i talad a “'''sanbau'''” pinaqulid a sengvec tua ngadan ta “'''yencumin''' ('''kacalisian''')”. aicu a pinaqulid a ngadan, namasan qinulipan anga a kinacukacu tua sisangelian a ljemetjan a cuacuai anga nu qivu,manasi patjamakeljan anga tu aicu a '''kacalisian''' i [[Taiwan]] “kaizuan nua mana vusam” itua qiniladjan.

==zuku na kacalisian==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Formosan languages.png|thumb|upright=1.25|Kacalisian(按 Blust, 1999)]]&lt;ref&gt;Blust, R. (1999). &quot;Subgrouping, circularity and extinction: some issues in Austronesian comparative linguistics&quot; in E. Zeitoun &amp; P.J.K Li (Ed.) Selected papers from the Eighth International Conference on Austronesian Linguistics (pp. 31-94). Taipei: Academia Sinica.&lt;/ref&gt;

kacalisian i [[Taiwan]] izua maljetapuluq katu unem a kazukuan tucu.

&lt;div style=&quot;font-size: 85%&quot;&gt;
{|| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! kazukuan !! kangadanan !! kai na zuku !! sepaljavak !! mapida
|-
| [[Amis]] || Pangcah  || [[Pinangcahan]] || [[Qakaw king|Qakaw]], [[Taitu king|Taitu]], [[Kalinku king|Kalinku]] king ||205,718
|-
| [[Paiwan]] || Payuan  || [[Pinayuanan]] || [[Qakaw king|Qakaw]], [[Taitu king|Taitu]] king || 98,741
|-
| [[Tayal]] || Tayal  || [[Tinayalan]] ||  [[Taihuku]], [[Tuing]], [[Taiciu]] katua [[Gilan]] [[king]]|| 88,050
|-
| [[Bunun]] || Bunun || [[Binununan]] ||  [[Taiciu]], [[Takau]], [[Taitu king|Taitu]], [[Kalinku king|Kalinku]] king || 57,334
|-
| [[Puyuma]] || Pinuyumayan  || [[Pinyuman]] || [[Taitu king]] ||13,803
|-
| [[Drekai]] || Rukai || [[Rinekaian]] || [[Takaw]], [[Qakaw king|Qakaw]] kata i [[Taitu king|Taitu]] [[king]] ||13,107
|-
| [[Cu]] || Cou  || [[Cinuan]] || [[Kagi]] katua [[Takau]] [[king]] (ljakua tjalja tjuruvuan i [[Gd. Ali]]) ||6,607	
|-
| [[Saisiyat]] || SaiSiyat || [[Sinaisian]] || [[Miauli king]] ||6,521
|-
| [[Tau]] || Tao || [[Tinauan]] || [[Taitu king]] (nasepataita imaza i [[Lanyi]]) ||4,528
|-
| [[Sau]] || Thao || [[Sinauan]] || [[Nantu king]] (nasepataita imaza i [[Vc. Lalu]]) ||777
|-
| [[Kebalan]] || Kebalan || [[Kinebalanan]] || [[Kalinku king]] ||1,433
|-
| [[Taruku]] || Truku  || [[Tinarukuan]] || [[Kalinku king]] ||30,772
|-
| [[Sakizaya]]  ||Sakizaya || [[Sinakizayan]] || [[Kalinku king]] ||872
|-
| [[Seziq]] || Seediq || [[Sinezikean]] || [[Nantu king]] (imaza i [[Musia]] manaciusin niamadju) ||9,641
|-
| [[Halaalua]] || Hla'alua  || [[Hinalaaluan]] || [[Takav king]] ||353
|-
| [[Kanakanavu]] || Kanakanavu || [[Kinanavun]] || [[Takav king]] ||312
|}
&lt;/div&gt;

==kinacalisianan==
na izua '''kinacalisianan''', a seljavak tua na [[Dripun]] a sipakiyamav katua [[capiljan tua seman Dripun]], katua 1945 a cavilj a tjaivililj, ljema ini a paqaqivu ta kemacalisianan, sa masan secaca a meneka sa kai nua '''kacalisian'''. masan liyav anga na secaca meneka sa kai nua [[Pinpuzuku]].

==kaizuanan==

==References==</text>
      <sha1>98aez8iffk5g9np9a0lhb3k87yyzavb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kanalung</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>125</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12720</id>
      <parentid>12719</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-17T08:00:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12720</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2978" sha1="ijy8h7io65jycz0gvw66n14srv1khjw" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; border=&quot;&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; |kanalung

&lt;small&gt;(金崙村)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|[[Taitu king|taitu]] i [[Taimali|tjauvali]] 
|-
|sepaljavak
|tapuluq sa pitju a talingan
|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan
|22km² 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na caucau

-mavalidan a caucau

-paljingan
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-ita kuzulj sa siva a taitay sa alu a puluq sa ita a caucau(1,981)(2018 a cavilj a tjelu qiljasan)&lt;/nowiki&gt;

-siva a puluq sa taviljat a tjuketjukan kata lima caucau/km² (90.05/km²)

-ita a kuzulj sa sepatj a taitai saka drusa a tapuluq kata tjelu paljingan(838)
|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|963
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|calavi, lalauran, rulakes i [[Jinfeng|kinzang]]
|}

[[File:Jinlun Station01.jpg|thumb|250px|disiaba i kanalung]] 

kanalung a mula [[pinaljavakan]] nua [[Taimali|tjauvali]] i [[Taitu king|taituking]], maitazuanga masan tjauvali siva a kacalisian a kadjungan. aza kanalung a unsing a kivanvangan, sinan pazangal a kadjunangan imaza i tjauvali, kinaizuanan imaza i pasalauz a kanalung a pana. izuanan djumulj a mula imaza ljakua mavan a pinaljavakan nua kinzang.

== situcuan i qinaljan ==
a katalemang avan aza pakata nugiu. a i qinaljan izua maljetimalji a kinasaluan a cemas tja izua bukiu, tinsiukiu, haliluya kata ciuru [[kiukai]]. izua tja tjuruvu a namirazek a cemekeljan kata na daigu a gaisiuzing nakitjuala imaza. aicu a masansivalj a djalan i taiwan aza 台9線 aya itjen a i kanalung piniliqan ta izua i zaya kata izua i lauz. au sikataqaljan sedjelj a paiwan zuku. ljakua a i pasazaya ta i kanalung a 14 talingan sedjelj a ami zuku. maqati itjen pakazaya tua djalan patje i djumulj, unsing kata rulakes. 

aza unsing kata bulay a ljaviljaving na ljavek mataipinying na masan tjalja pungadangadan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. aicu unsing imaza i kanalung mavan a tjaljasangas a mirazek pakata unsing i katipul, ljakua inika sinikeren a patjanema, saka inika pinivarung nua [[kacalisian]] ca namaitucu a sengsengan. avan sika tjuruvu a caucau na ladengadenga zua unsing i katipul aravac, inika kemeljang tu aicu a unsing i kanalung.   

ljakua situcuan caviljan sikeren a zemurung nua tja sikataqaljan, maqati itjen pacun aza i disiba i kanalung ta metjuruvu anga nakemasi maza i pasa viri a lizuk na kitjaulanga ta sengsengan sa benaw ta zidusiya a caucau semamaza i kanalung a unsing kivangavang. 

==liningedjelj==
aicu a i kanadun a qinaljan cinevucevungan nua mare timaljimalji a [[caucau]].

==qinaljan==
izua lima a kacalisian a qinaljan, avan a [[kanadun]], [[tjavuqel]], [[tjaljutjaljun]], [[padrangidrangi]], kata [[cilalongay]] nua muqami a qinaljan.

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|kisiya a djalan
|-
|taiwan kisiya kanricy  
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i pasa navalj
|-
|disiaba i kanalung
|-
|kunglu
|-
|masansivalj a djalan i taiwan
|-
|basu
|-
|basu a ding dung
|-
|basu a ku kang
|-
|kanalung a tjekeza
|}


==kaizuan==</text>
      <sha1>ijy8h7io65jycz0gvw66n14srv1khjw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kataljap</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>126</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11856</id>
      <parentid>11748</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-03-10T17:43:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>WikiBayer</username>
        <id>239</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11856</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1366" sha1="aagsnxqs1b1kybr3isklvy26h3r44n7" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Kleinhovia hospita Blanco2.328.jpg|縮圖|kataljap]]
masanliawliaw a '''kataljap''' i namasanculjuculju a kadjunangan i kacauwan, izua i 廣東, 海南島kata i navalj tua gaduan a kemasi ljemaveljevekan nua [[Taiwan|taiwan]], qaw izua i kacedas tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]], tjaljaliawliaw aicu a kasiw izua i navalj ta tjavualji a pana a kadjunangan nua [[kanalung]] kata palangu. nu kaljauragananga, uri venuciar aicu a qaciw tua kulimac a vuciar, sa nanguanguaq aravac a ljemaveljevekan i pasakacedas a navalj tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]].

qaw masa saceqalj aicu a kasiw na kataljap, ka ripunanan, uri sinantabi aicu a kasiw; kacuayanga, uri malap taicu a kasiw tua malang ta kadrangu kata ceqeljap a [[Paiwan|paiwan]] izua i ljemaveljevekan, sa uri cinavucavu niamadju a ledjeledje a asav na qataljap tua qavay, matu uri cinavucavu a [[ljavilu]] nua [[Paiwan|paiwan]] izua i gadugaduan. qaw nu kemankananga, maya malap ta asav. qaw uri cinavu na [[ngat]] isasaw nu kemesekesa.

nu meqacanga a kataljap, maqati a semuqaljic taza kataljap sa masan tua alay, qaw maqati a sinancalis tua venengetj ta [[vaqu]]. saka, tjaljapazangal aicu a kasiw izua i qinaljan na [[Paiwan|paiwan]] a kemasi ljemaveljevekan.

==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。p163。</text>
      <sha1>aagsnxqs1b1kybr3isklvy26h3r44n7</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kinacemkeljan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>127</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10558</id>
      <parentid>10531</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-01T21:06:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Praxidicae</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>rvv</comment>
      <origin>6740</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="808" sha1="eah5noe42oah8yiuh522sv0hoegtgsf" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Paus family portrait NFB-18645.jpg|thumb|Group photograph of a Norwegian family by [[Gustav Borgen]] ca. 1900: Father, mother, three sons and two daughters.]]
'''kinacemkeljan''' nuaya vanaza cemkemkelj kata cinkeljan aza siayaya.

==kinacemkeljan kata [[umaq]]==
patjenema itjen tasi kinemeneman kata sipacunan ta “kinacemkeljan: [[umaq]]: kaumaqan” na se [[Paiwan]], aicu a caucau, kaumaqan, kadjunangan pita kakudanan tjara papungadan ta “caucau”, “[[umaq]]”, “kadjunangan”, kumaljy a [[umaq]] kata kadjunangan paru caucauyin sa papungadany. nu muri kemalja kemljangan itjen tua siakay kata kakudakudan na se Paiwan, aicu a pita “kinacemkeljan” ta “[[umaq]]” ta “kaumaqan” a kemalja pulingalingavan vana namasan katagilj saka namasan pazangal.

==pacunu uta==
* [[umaq]]</text>
      <sha1>eah5noe42oah8yiuh522sv0hoegtgsf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kinala</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>128</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9980</id>
      <parentid>9732</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-07-25T20:18:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>1234qwer1234qwer4</username>
        <id>202</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:48BE:438B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:48BE:438B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:48BE:438B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Praxidicae|Praxidicae]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>6869</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1112" sha1="f63f78ml89gfhakly2yd1rizcug2cah" xml:space="preserve">aicu a '''kinala ''' nu aya, taitan a vecik, siniaya.  aicu a '''kinala''' pita kai na se [[Paiwan]] kata [[Amerika]] tjian a mamav aza patarevan, pai aicua “ta kaian” kata “ita kaian” savid tu “a vocabulary” aza patarevan.

==kinasizuanan nua kinala==
aicu a ita [[pinaiwanan]] a kai aicu a patarevan na “kala” nuaya mana “linedje aravac a viljic” (aicu a sicapecapel a kala, aicu a siteqeteqic a kala). aicu a “kala” kai sa pazuljuy ta “an” a pitjaivililj sinipupatarevan tu sikudakuda tu kemudakuda.

au nu qivu itjen taicua pinaka “ta kalan”. aicu a ita [[pinaiwanan]] aku azua pinaka “ta kalan” kata “taitan nu vecik”, nu tja cikelen a mata kinaqatian nua kinalan, aicu a “linidjinidji a kala” sinipukeljang tu “taitan katu kedrikedri” siniaya manu sika minqutanga aicu a“kinalan aya kai”, ljakua aicu a “kinalan” aya kai ita kininemeneman nua se [[Paiwan|paiwan]] namasan “kai kata sikaian” nanga za pacugan.

==kaizuazua==

*[[qapulu a vecik]]

*[[naremicing a vecik]]

*[[namatatevelj a vecik]]

*[[namacaculuculuz a kai]]

*[[inisedjam a kai]]</text>
      <sha1>f63f78ml89gfhakly2yd1rizcug2cah</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kiukay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>129</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10442</id>
      <parentid>10213</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-07-28T23:30:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:ZabesBot|ZabesBot]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>6870</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1469" sha1="9jbgkl83s81i2mfp93e09y9kwolzeku" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:StMarkCathAlex.jpg|thumb|right|kiukay (St. Mark's Cathedral in Alexandria)]]

==navenaquan nua kiukay==
kiukay a navenaquan saka papetemalidu tua nasi nua taqaljaqaljan i kacauan. azua nanguaqan kata zua parkivalisakesaked a kinasicuai nua taqaljaqaljan i kacauan, kemalja mapasusuan angata. saka azua namaljekuyanga , azua naseveric anga itua seizi a bungka, kai, senai, etc mapacikel, masanpazangel a mumalj i kiukay.

==Taiwan Kiristu Ciuru Kiukay==
Patjezalemanen i Qinaljan tua Saluan ayaya a pakisamulja tua sinzia a Taiwan Kiristu Ciuru Kiukay. nukuya inika tja sanpazangalen a bungka nua marka martimaljimalji a kinataqaljaqaljan my paseljayar tua patjara Cemas. nu pupatarevan itjen, azua kaizuan bungka mavan a tjlja paravacan a turivecan nu lihai a kiukay. mavan tua nu sika pakaizua tua kinacalisianan a [[Kai nua Cemas|Siisiu]], qau azua [[Kai nua Cemas|Siisiu]] a kinacalisianan mavan anga tjlja kudrulan tua namasan kinituayan tua kai a bungka nua [[kacalisian]].

==kiukay i [[Paiwan]]==
nu seman patarevan itjen tua kiukay i [[Paiwan]] zuku, a kakasizuan a tatuluan tua patjara kinacalisianan i kiukay nu aya, tjlja maljaluyan a kai, senai kata zua papaqaljian nua caucau.

tjuruvu maqacuvucuvung a macaqu a lemangda, a qivu, a semupu tua kai a Pinaiwanan, a macaqu a semenai tua senai a kinacalisianan, kiukay a pakaizua tua kituluan a sinikacaqu, qau izua &quot;kakimadjuan a kituluan&quot; saka izua uta a &quot;pinaranaw a semavuta a pakitulu&quot;.</text>
      <sha1>9jbgkl83s81i2mfp93e09y9kwolzeku</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>lalang</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>130</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10286</id>
      <parentid>10009</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-07-28T23:22:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Praxidicae|Praxidicae]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>6423</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1107" sha1="bg1p5oxbp1wyp636rzmreqnlbefr8cz" xml:space="preserve">aicu a [[Paiwan|paiwan]] zuku na penakisumalji a kinanguaq na kinacalisianan a lalang, saka makaya itjen a kemasi tua rinavan nua macidjilj, a kemeljan tu namatjainu a qiniladjan nimadju yi qinaljan, tuki mamazangiljan tuki pualju tuki taqaljaqaljan (qaqetitan). aicu a pinuitaivangan a tapuluq katu unem a zukuan a [[kacalisian]], tjaljanguanguaqan, ljakua tjaljapazangalan a kakavelian na paiwan zuku a lalang. au aicu a lalang nua [[mamazangiljan]] maretimalji katua na taqaljaqaljan (qaqetitan).

==izua masan simatjelj a lalang nua paiwan zuku==
aicu a kinacalisianan a lalang nua paiwan zuku, izua tjinenun, izua vincikan, izua pinuluvucan, izua pinadjekecan a sikasengsengan. 

==vecik yitua lalang==
aicu a kinacalisianan a lalang na paiwuan zuku maretjimaljimalji a vecik, izua pinaru-qulu, izua pinaru-caucau, izua pinaru-qatjuvi, izua pinaru-kumas, izua pinaru-qadav, izua pinaru-tjiumaq, izua pinaru-kinavatjesan, izua pinaru-kalabiabi.

==kasizuan==
* sinipasemalavan ni ramaljemaljeng i gincu a sekazangiljan a qinaljanan (部落gincu耆老口述)
* 陳雨嵐，2004，（台灣的原住民）</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>lami</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>131</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11221</id>
      <parentid>11220</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-29T08:11:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dradran</username>
        <id>857</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11221</origin>
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      <text bytes="302" sha1="46pm9ffonow6kgl860xmfcpecivr4eh" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Good Food Display - NCI Visuals Online.jpg|thumb|upright=1.5|Display of various foods|alt=Table set with red meat, bread, pasta, vegetables, fruit, fish, and beans]]


'''lami (糧食)'''
liyaw a lami nua caucau a se[[Paiwan|payuan]], izua va'u, vasa, djulis, vurati, vuday, taruimu katua paday.</text>
      <sha1>46pm9ffonow6kgl860xmfcpecivr4eh</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>langalj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>132</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12567</id>
      <parentid>12566</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-16T00:33:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* qaqetitan */</comment>
      <origin>12567</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2650" sha1="ojscscc8ld5fit3k029vszg8s3ogzi5" xml:space="preserve">aicu a '''langalj''', kasiv sa kasengesengi a seman siteketekel a meseljang nua marusa, sakaki matjelu a caucau. aicu a langalj izua vincikan a pakialalang tua mudingan nua caucau, izua vincikan a pakialalang tua sacemel, izua langalj a vincikan a pakialalang tua [[qatjuvi a kamavanan]] uta. masikan a mayatucu a pakialalang tua langalj.na masan lialiaw sinanayan a langalj nua [[Paiwan]]: izua '''karutailj a langalj''' katua '''kalutjelu a langalj'''.

==kaizuazua==
===karutailj a langalj===
aicu a '''karutailj a langalj''', mavan a langalj nua [[mamazangiljan]] nu maqacuvung tua sikapalisian a qadaw nua [[qinaljanan]].
===kaljutjelu a langalj=== 
nu tjezua tua sikapalisian a qadaw nua [[qinaljanan]], aicu a '''kaljutjelu a langalj''' siteketekel nu maqacuvung a ljavaran tua rivurivuan niamadju saka marasudj tu uri na marepazekazekatjanga, uri na masaseljenguanguaqanga a varung niamadju a mamaw.
=== pinudrusan tua ljui a langalj === 
aicu a '''pinudrusan tua ljui a langalj''', na masan lialiaw a patarevan. aicu a sangasangasan, avan nu patjezua ta na masan pazangal a qadaw. namaya tua [[Masalut]], langalj asitekelj nua na palisi a mareka [[pulingaw]]. a ita kinateveteveljan nua taqaljaqaljan, langalj uta tjasikitekelan tua na mapaqaljay a caucau i qinaljan, tua mareka tja qali, katua mareka tja qaljaqalja. aicu asikamasanmusalj, avan nu maaeces a madrusa, inika palaing tu uqaljai tu vavayan. langalj a sitekel niamadju a kipakeljang tua kina mareqaliqan, kina maredravan niamadju.
aicu a sikamasantjelulj, avan a ita papucekecekelj nua [[mamazangiljan|mamazagiljan]]. nu tazua nga qadaw, aicu a sinikaiyumaq nua taqaljaqaljan a vavayan katua uqaljai, matatekel tua linangalj a vava a maaeces tua parekatenglay nimadju,tu uri napalalaut a marekiljivak tiamadju. inika amin tiamadju a marusa amatatekel, aicu a matjaljaljak niamadju, katua mareka mamazangiljan akiseljavak, namayauta a lemangalj a matakel tua [[vava]], a kipakeljang tu namasan ta cekeljan anga, uri palalaut anga parekiljivaljivak niamadju.

== tucu==
tucu a ziday maljian anga tja sivaivaik, na matjatju ljuiljui anga itjen, namatjatju senasenay ang itjen. meparutanga ravac atja kineljangan tua pacugan nua sikitekelan a pakatua langalj.，ljakua nu tjzua tua maljeveq, tua masalut katua pucekecekelj, mapacu  anan tua matateketekel a pakatua langalj. nukaki makaya tja pasusuan a matatekel a pakata langalj izuaita pucekecekelj i kiukai, uri nanguaq aravac.


==qaqetitan==
aicu a langalj avan a [[sitekel]] nua qaqetitan.


==paljaqic==
aicu a [[paljaqic]] avan a kakasengsengan a semane lingadja katua langalj.

==pacunu uta==
* [[kacalisian]]
* [[djilung]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>likisi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>133</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10441</id>
      <parentid>10211</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-07-28T23:30:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>6871</origin>
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      <text bytes="470" sha1="iruu0rcohl78aaf4p1q4nusqq1se8u3" xml:space="preserve">aicu a '''likisi''' tjasikeljakeljang tua patjara pinacalivat nua tjasevalitan, nua tjaqinaljan katua tjanasi a [[caucau]]. sitjaucikel a kemasi mamiling a patje tucu. mavan a siniaya aicu a likisi a kemasi tua kinakaian a [[Dripun|dripun]]. 

[[sineqetj a vecik:Taiwanese aborigine leader臺灣排灣族頭目卓杞篤(Tokitok or Tauketok, 左) - 西鄉從道(中) - 一色(Isa, 右)於1874.jpg|thumb|right|300px|a tja sikeljang tua tja likisi a cinalivatan a sasing.]]</text>
      <sha1>iruu0rcohl78aaf4p1q4nusqq1se8u3</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>ljavilu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>134</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11865</id>
      <parentid>11441</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-03-10T17:44:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>WikiBayer</username>
        <id>239</id>
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      <text bytes="778" sha1="kn014illyexsvxa01lvf77c04fvfqr6" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Trichodesma calycosum - 台湾秋海棠 by 石川 Shihchuan - 001.jpg|縮圖|280x280像素|ljavilu]]
izuazua a '''ljavilu(毛束草)''' i navalj tua chuku, 印度 kata i navalj tua vecekadan a gadugaduan na [[Taiwan|taiwan]] a maruqulu, paljaljavakan kata quvulj nua gaduan, sa masanliawliaw a sikudakudan na paiwan tua ljavilu itua i kakudan.

masa maqati a kemakan tua ledjeledje a asav na ljavilu sa madjulu tua talem uta, sa uri semanpazangal a paiwan taicu a marekatalem sa temaletalem ta ljavilu i kacasavan niamadju.

sa uri cempis a sikataqaljan ta asav na ljavilu tua cemavu ta [[vaqu]], paday kata vutjulj nu semancaviljanga, qaw aicu a cinavu kata qavay, uri maqati a sipagawgaw na paiwan; sa maqati a cempis ta ledjeledje a asav uta tua sansiaven.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ljavucuvucu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>135</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12688</id>
      <parentid>12687</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-15T03:33:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* sipapenguanguaq ta kinaizuanan */</comment>
      <origin>12688</origin>
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      <text bytes="3232" sha1="o47kxchses59pe834ou39jg9stw2xqg" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |ljavucuvucu
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[File:Starr 070221-4863 Nephrolepis cordifolia.jpg|thumb|250px|ljavucuvucu]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinivecikan na kisanvenaruvarung
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|''Nephrolepis cordifolia、Nephrolepis auriculata''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; font-size=&quot;5pt&quot; align=&quot;center| &lt;small&gt;(L.) Gaertn., Fruct. sem. pl. 2:237.&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; font-size=&quot;5pt&quot; align=&quot;center| &lt;small&gt;1791&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |zumanga a ngadan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kinakaian na amerika
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |nicandra
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinairangan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |tōa-pún phàu-á-chháu
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|ciniukuan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |假酸漿
|-
|}

'''ljavucuvucu(假酸漿)'''

ai gadu ai sadip kasedjaljepan sakamaya a mezangal, liav a maka veljeluan a naveljelem a ljauljaung a kadjunangan a tja pacucunan.aza asav kemasiteku patje ngaingav namarepaqecev tai vecekadan a [[cuqus]]. liljualjuas a qasav a palalaut, ikavenuciar.

izuazua a ljavucuvucu i 亞洲 a namasanmaculjuculju, rupacunanga iteku tua sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan a djalan kata paljaljavak nua ljemaveljav. akumaya azua a ngadan na ljavucuvucu avan a “腎蕨”? masa a kinakemudan nu vat nua ljavucuvucu, matu a puru, sa papungadan a matazua.

sa, azua a zaljuzaljumen ta ljeteku tua buru a cuqus (地下莖) nua ljavucuvucu. nu masengseng a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] isasaw, maqati a alap ta buru a cuqus nua ljavucuvucu tua semuqusaw kata semuculja, sa kicuqus tua linipuru ta tarar.

maqati uta a alapen ta ljavucuvucu tua kivadaq na kacalisiyan. nu saljinga a kemeljang ta mapida a aljak, sa pensis a ita a ljavucuvucu, qaw pacun ta pidanga a ljeteku tua buru a cuqus izua, sa mavan a izua a mapidanga a aljak. ljawa, aicu a kivadaq a pacugan, mamau ta kivangavang numaya.

masa azua a ljeteku tua buru a cuqus nua ljavucuvucu, matu a kucu, sa papungadan ta “ljavucuvucu” aya.

==patjara sikudakudan nua ljavucuvucu==
===sisaneljakarakarav===
nuizua pucekecekelj nuizua tja palisiyan mavananga tjasi kialalalalang a semane ljakarav.
===sikisuqusaqusav===
kasicuayan, numacemecemel a kipusengesengan, nu maqasav venljuc tua kapaz na ljavucuvucu a dradripudrupudruan, ayata pezaljum nu kanen, makaya semuqusav a palamu.

===sipapenguanguaq ta kinaizuanan===
sitalem a makasalingaungal papenguanguaq tua tja [[kinaizuanan]] tja kinasaljinga, napenatjalim aravac makaya pitjumaqen a tja ljaljizaven.

==kakanen==
sikesakesa aicu a  ljavucuvucu a makaya a seman tja kakanen.

==pacunu uta ==
* [[vaqu]]
* [[djulis]]
* [[lukuc]]
* ljavucuvucu

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;
鄭漢文等，2004，《排灣族民族植物》。臺北：行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P249。

[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasakacedas]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ljungpav</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <timestamp>2022-08-10T12:45:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.230.38|79.163.230.38]]（[[User talk:79.163.230.38|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Daniuu|Daniuu]]的先前版本</comment>
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      <text bytes="2571" sha1="6m3oakjb5dffcwrivmdgpf32wotjm5a" xml:space="preserve">ljungbav(長杉衣)

kava nua vavayavayan

azua venecikan nua [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] i taiwan, izua sikamasansimatjelj, tjinenun, venecik, pinuluvucan kata pinadjekecan. sa azua a lalang aminanga i paiwanzuku kata rukayzuku, qaw tjaljakisumalji azua a pinadjekecan avan a venecivencik tua situngan a maretimaljimalji a quljaw, sa qemecaqecap tazua a situngan sa cemaqis itua kava. izua nu luteluti a situngan sa qemecaqecap tua venecikan. saka, rupacun tua vinecik a “直線繡” kata “鎖鏈繡” nua venecikan i pinadjekecan. izua uta a sinan a kala tua cawcau sa cemaqis itua kava.

matu a kava na pairing azua a ljungpaw nua paiwan a vavayan mavanaga a sinan a qecengecengel a situngan tua siyuc kata kava nua vavayan, sa pinadjekec nua paiwanzuku tua malang ta kava. azua a venecikan avan a “曲折形”, “三角形”, “橫條形”, a hana nua“四瓣花形”, “菱形”, a qatjuvi na “卷曲蛇形”kata “頭上雙尾”, a langalj, kata cawcau nua “對立雙臂彎曲上舉持二人頭的半身人像形”. izua a tjelu a quljaw mavan a qucengecengel, qudjidjilj, kata vucelacelay i kava, kata izuaga a qudjidjilj, qucengecengel, vucelacelay, matjak, marupula, qulivay kata kulimac a venecikan. qaw sinan a qudjidjilj kata vucelacelay a situngan tua 領口, sa sinan a qucengecengel a situngan ta cemaqis tua 立領, kata vinecik ta 菱形. qaw uri cemaqis tua tjaljiqaca a 4.5 a marutaljudjuqan a qudjidjilj kata vucelacelay a situngan i 袖口. qaw uri djekec a qudjidjilj a situngan tua pasusu ta 領沿環帶kata右襟片 sa djekec a qucengecengel a lalang, venecikan, tuaping, venecikan a qatjuvi kata cawcau ivavaw taicu a situngan, qaw venecivencik ta maca, angalj, ngudjus, kata qayav a lalang sa djekec ta 條紋織帶 nua qucengecengel kata vecelacelay isasaw taicu a situngan. cemaqis ta pitju a marutaljudjuqan a qudjidjilj a situngan i 下擺 sa djekec a vucelacelay a venecikan a qatjuvi kata langalj i vavaw, kata venecivencik ta 菱形izua. qaw sinan a qudjidjilj a situngan ta djekec a venecikan izua i ljeqeljeqan. izua a lima a mareqecev a 中國式紐帶a sinan a qudjidjilj a kala a pasalavagan a drusa a marutaljudjuqan kata 1.5 a marutaljudjuqan, qaw izua a qulivay a venecikan ivavaw, kata sinan a lima a singsing ta cacaingan. qaw azua a venecikan na kun mamau ta ljungpaw.

aicu a djinekec a qudjidjilj kata qucengecengl a situngan a masanliawliaw i navalj, sa izua i virilj kata qinaljan na rukayzuku a djinekec a vucelacelay kata qucengecengel a situngan, mavananga a kinava na vavayan nua mamazangiljan.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>lukuc</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>137</id>
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      <id>12486</id>
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      <timestamp>2024-06-14T15:22:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* sipakialalang a penalingulj */</comment>
      <origin>12486</origin>
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      <text bytes="3539" sha1="nx0mw07dai9mk4xyqrlhb21a7vrh6ld" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |lukuc
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:山蘇 Aspleninm nidus L. - panoramio.jpg|thumb|aicu a lukuc.]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinivecikan na kisanvenaruvarung
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|Maidenhair spleenwort
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; font-size=&quot;5pt&quot; align=&quot;center| &lt;small&gt;(''Asplenium trichomanes'' ssp. quadrivalens)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |zumanga a ngadan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kinakaian na amerika
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Asplenium
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinairangan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |koeh-lūi-ê
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|ciniukuan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |鐵角蕨屬
|-
|}

[[sineqetj a vecik:Asplenium trichomanes subsp quadrivalens.jpg|thumb|right|250px|lukuc]]
aicu a '''lukuc''', izunu nu i teku ta kadjunangan izua nu nakicaying ta kasiw izua nu ita dangadangas, kanainu kasedjalepan sakamaya a cemuvuq. na lemadruq a pasavava a cemelak a asav, inika venuciar inika venangalj uta.

azua a [[pinaywanan]] a vencik a “lukuc”, izua a pacugan mavan a palingulj tua nemanga. kasicuayan, azua a lukuc, amin a [[lami]] ka kinaqucaqucaljan, ljawa masan tjaljapazanal a ljaceng tucu.

== maudalj ==
izua a kinacemekeljan nua [[mamazangiljan|mazazangiljan]] i [[Paiwan|paywan]], nu uri papucekelj, sa alapen ta caker, [[saviki|sviki]], kasiw, vavuy avan a lisi nua cunguljan na uqaljay tua tjumaq na vavayan. sa pinadjulu uta tua [[qau|qaw]], [[veljevelj]], [[tjanes]] kata lukuc tua vaik ta tjumaq na vavayan.

nu mangetj ta tjumaq na vavayan, sa venengetj a lukuc i ingaw tua qaw, qaw lemingdjelj tazua a qaw. anema a pacugan tua matucu? inika a tinevela nua caucau.

izua a caucau a naqivu taicu a mavan a kinisenayan tua vavayan a matu azua a lukuc a maqati a papualjak tua kinacemekeljan nua [[mamazangiljan|mazazangiljan]], sa izua a caucau a naqivu uta taicu a “lukuc” a pacugan i pinaywanan avan a ljemuku, saka kilalaing tia mazazangiljan tua taqaljaqaljan niamadju.

==patjara sikudakudan nua lukuc==
===sipakialalang ta tiuma===
nu papucekelj a [[mamazangiljan|mazazangiljan]] sinanpazangal aravac, aza tiuma pinakialalang tua lukuc. izua nu sinipakiayang ta qinalu a [[tjevus]] a veljevelj a zangav a [[saviki]], a sini rava na sauqaljay nu pucekecekelj.

===sinan ljaceng===
kasicuayan ikatjena kemeljang, katucunga tja kinicual tua amis a tjasikataqaljan aseman ljaceng, tjempis tua i ngaingav, sanguaq a selaven a cianen sa paciuan ta riprip.

===sinan racev===
kakemeljanganga itjen tua makaya saneljacengen, azua i sisigu i butanggu a tjasikataqaljan, ayata sedjaljep a ljemeliav a temalem, bauken nua kemasi pairang a mareka kakanan a siyubai, mavanu sikamanguanguaq niamadju ta sikavaljutan.
=== sipakialalang a penalingulj===
tjuruvuanga tjengelay a temalem tua lukuc a penalingulj a pakelay a pacaying pitua qapulu na rikis, papudjalim papenguanguaq tua kinaizuanan.

==qemirqir==
qemirqir a seman lukuc, sanguaq a ravac atja san djamain a lukuc.

==pacunu uta ==
* [[vaqu]]
* [[djulis]]
* [[ljavucuvucu]]

==kasizuan==

1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P188。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>makazayazaya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>138</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12313</id>
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      <timestamp>2024-05-07T15:05:03Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Twasn</username>
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| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''makazayazaya'''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Shalawan Waterfall in mountains in Majia.jpg|thumb|center|qinaljan a makazayazaya.]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Makazayazaya - Máka - (Majia, Pingtung County).svg|thumb|center|inuan a makazayazaya i tua qakaw king.]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|[[Qakaw king|qakaw king]]
|-
|}
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |makazayazaya

瑪家村
|-
|na tjaivavav a  pangaljan nua kaizuanan (上級行政區劃)
|[[Qakaw king|qakaw]](屏東縣)

[[Macia|makazayazaya]]/[[Makagu]](瑪家鄉)
|-
|pangaljan nua  kaizuanan (區劃)
|alu a (lining) (8鄰) 
|-
|sihu(政府)

-sunciu(村長)
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-唐建生&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|vusam
|&lt;nowiki&gt;-lja Vavulengan&lt;/nowiki&gt;
&lt;nowiki&gt;-lja Kazangiljan&lt;/nowiki&gt;

&lt;nowiki&gt;-lja Tjuljavia&lt;/nowiki&gt;

&lt;nowiki&gt;-lja Kaljayuran&lt;/nowiki&gt;
|-
|kinavadavadayan  nua cawcaw(人口)

- sinisupuan  tua cawcaw(總數)

- pinaljingan (戶數)
|


- lima a iday  saka tjelu a puluq kata ita a cawcaw(531人)(2019 a cavilj kata 4 a qiljas, 2019年4月)

-taiday sa pitju  a puluq kata siva a paljingan(179戶)
|-
|sasupuan na  yubinkiuku/yuzeng

(郵政編碼)
|903-41
|-
|sasusuan na  umaq a vecik (戶政資料代碼)
|10013280001
|-
|tjuljivaran nua  guan (毗鄰)
|masiljid (北葉村), 涼山村, 佳義村、排灣村

timur(三地門鄉):達來村
|}

==makazayazaya(瑪家村)==
a i pinaljavakan a macia gu aicu a makazayazaya a qinaljan nua [[Qakaw king|qakaw king]] nua i [[Taiwan|taiwan]].

aicu a makazayazaya mavan a mula nua makazayazaya a guan na qakaw. izua a nakacalisiyan na mula i tjagaraus na gadu i vecekadan tua taiwan, a pasalavagan a kadjunangan avan a 7.5 a 平方公里, izuazua a tjelu a iday saka alu a puluq a taqaljaqaljan imaza.

izuazua a kacalisiyan i makazayazaya, ljawa izua a tjelu a qinaljan avan a makazayazaya, vailus kata tanawagu. sa matevetevelj aza a tjelu a qinaljan tuazua a mula.

mamau ta payuwan, masiljid kata 好茶村, 泰武村 na wutay a guan nua qakaw, izuazuanan a makuzulj a cawcau kasicuayan, ljawa masa cunuq kata sengsengan na maqacuvucuvung, aminanga a umen a puluq a paljingan tua sepatj a puluq a paljingan izua tua masengsegn ta remacevan.

==kadjunangan(地理)==
a i pasaviri tua tua matja ita veljeluan a qinaljan a makazayazaya.

==cinalivatan (歷史)==
kasicuayan kinaizuan anga aicu a qinaljan a makazayazaya a kadjunangan nua caucau a sepayuan.

==caucau (人口)==
izua qadjav a 531 a caucau i makazayazaya a qinaljan. (vinecikan a sasusuan ka 2019 a caviljan).&lt;ref&gt; [https://data.gov.tw/dataset/77132 村里戶數、單一年齡人口]. 政府資料開放平臺. 內政部戶政司. [2019-05-21].&lt;/ref&gt;

==katuluan (教育)==

==sipacacikelan (交通)==
===basu (公車)===
sipacacikel izua a basu tua qinaljan a makazayazaya.

===kisiya (火車)===
neka ljaljevavavan tua kisiya imaza i makazayazaya.

===palidring a djalan (公路)===

==kivangavangan (旅遊)==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Majia village.svg|thumb|makazayazaya]]

==milingan==

a milimilingan na cacevudan i makazayazaya a patjara pinualjakan nua mamazangiljan.

===cacevudan nua cawcau===

nakinemenemanga a makazayazaya tazua a cawcau a kemasi padain kasicuacuayan, masa a pinualjak nua cemas ti 薩迦萬 a semenasenay, ljawa masanqaqetitan ini’a mamazangiljan tiamadju.

===naqemati tua mamazangiljan===

====a sikamasanitalj a milingan====

kasicuacuayananga, napavay a qadaw tua [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] a mazangilj tua paljavak tjiamadju, sa qemecilu a qadaw i djilung tua pinualjak ta mazangilj i makazayazaya( tucu a makazayazaya a guan na qakaw), ljawa nu nakinaljanganga na vulung a mazangilj, kiqilja aza a vulung sa lemamedj tazua a qecilu nua qadaw. uri kiqecevan ta vulung a tjuruvu a cawcau tua paljakev ta qecilu. ljawa tjakuya tiamadju, marekutj tua qadaw a inika qemecilu sa kemikim tjai kaluljay(嘉魯萊) tua pusaladj taicu a vulung. naljemauyanga ti kaluljay uta.

kinacu a uqaljay nua drusa a umaqan na kaluljay, vaik a sema tua vulung a mazangilj sa maljavaljavar. nu mangetjezanga tiamadju, mavilad a zuma masa a qatjuvu a kinacu na vulung a mazangilj, ljawa inika marekutj ti kaluljay, sa pavaik tua vulung a mazangilj timadju, qaw pasusu tua a 隘寮溪 a pana a sema a vaik ta taljitiv na 涼山. nu i djalananan, uri papuvaljaw a macidilj a vavayan tua vulung a mazangilj ti kaluljay, sa masudjusudju tiamadju i tucu a siubukiyiu nua masiljid.

nu mangetjezanga, napacun a cawcau tua tjinaki a setjavaw ta vacalj iteku tua taljitiv, kata izua a tjakurung a macevelj tua qucengecengel a makelay taizua. ljawa, nu pacunanga a vulung a mazangilj ta tjinaki mavananga a bulaybulay a umaqan, sa sematjumaq timadju kata valjaw. nu sematjumaq tiamadju, sa benuqbuq a tjakurung kata vulung a mazangilj, qaw inika napacunanga ta vulung a mazangilj. saka uri pinaljak na qecilu tua aljak nua qadaw, sa izuazua a kinaytjumaqan lja vavulengan(tucu a mamazangiljan na makazayazaya). mapuzangal a qadaw sa qivu tazua a djalan a nacemalivat kata qaqazavan mavan a kadjunangan niamadju, masancemas tua kizang ti kaluljay uta.

====a sikamasanmusalj a milingan====

ka pualjakanga ta cawcau, izua a qadaw, naqemacilu a qadaw ta ita a qacilu i kacauwan, ljawa nakemananga a qatjuvi. sa qemaciluanan a qadaw sa pitjaladj ta qecilu i qavaqavayam, qaw lemelege a qavaqavayam tua maya kinan na qatjuvi i piniljukaiyan, sa pualjakanga tua macidilj a vavayan a lumamad tu lima a qadaw, qaw papungadan a muni avan a ngadan na qayaqayam i igidi a qasiw, sicavu tjaimadju nua cengelaw, sa sinanpapavanavan nua mamangan a haku; sa, pualjakuta a qadaw ta a macidilj a uqaljay a lumamad mamau taicu. nu meqacanga a uqaljay sa vaik ta lizukan ta masansevalitan na ripun a cawcau, qaw emadjuq ti muni sa pucekelj timadju kata vulung i gadu, sa pinualjak tua macidilj a uqaljay kata madrusa a vavayan niamadju. saka, nu meqacanga azua a uqaljay sa vaik ta lizukan tua masansevalitan nua ljacalisian, qaw pucekelj ti muni kata valjaka na kazazaljan(tucu a taiwu a guan na qakaw), sa pualjak tua kui kati satugu. qaw napucekelj ti kui kata a macidilj a vavayan nua paridrayan(tucu a timur a guan na qakaw), sa pualjak tua uqaljay ti qaras, a djaljedjalj ti tjavuras(lavulase, vaikanga ta masiljid), masantjelu ti tjakanau(daganau, vaikanga ta paridrayan, tuki kazangiljan), masansepatj ti rumaljiz(vaikanga ta 沙漠部落), a kalaingan a vavayan ti Zepulje(Zubul, vaikanga ta tjaravacalj), sa pucekelj a kalaingan a uqaljay ti qaras kati lemeljeman nua 下排灣部落 mavananga a sevalitan na mamazangiljan lja vavulengan i makazayazaya; napucekelj a djaljedjalj ni muni ti sakenge kati giljigiljau lja pakedjavai a setjaravacalj avan a mamazangiljan nua qinaljan, sa pualjak tua kui(vaikanga tua katjacivar), ti tjuku(vaikanga tua vavungulan), ti kaljalju(vaikanga tua puyuma).

izua a milingan avan a pucekelj a kalaingan a vavayan ni muni kati awmun nua amawan, tuki a valjaw ni kui a pinuka ta muni uta.

====a sikamasantjelulj a milingan====

izua a milingan mavan a qemecilu a qadaw i makazayazaya, sa nalemamedj a qatjuvi tazua a qinecilu a sikamasanitalj a qecilu izua i djilung. saka, kemikim a zuma tua cawcau a maqati a linaljing a qatjuvi tua lizukan, sa ljemauy a pinaljavak ta kadjunangan a cinelivat na qatjuvi nimadju. qaw izua a vavayan ti kai, maqati a lemaljing a qatjuvi ta laulauzan( a iteku ta taljitiv nua pana a 牛角灣溪), saka, pinaljavak taizua nimadju, qaw masanrukayanga timadju mavan a sevalitan na pakedaway(巴格達外). nu nekanga a qatjuvi, qemacilu a qadaw uta. sa pualjak tua uqaljay a lumamad, sa masanmazangilj nu meqacanga timadju, qaw semanumaq timadju ta umaqan na kazangiljan i pinavasan tua pinualjakan nimadju.

izua a milingan avan a vavayan ti karuljay tuki kaljikichy, semuri(idedet tua masiljid) timadju, inika linaljing a qatjuvi timadju sa kikarivuan timadju kata qatjuvi. mintuluq tua lung sa menecemec ta qatjuvi timadju. izuanan a milingan uta avan a matjelu a vavayan ti kaljicinan(卡吉基娜), ti karuljay(卡洛萊), kati kana(卡娜), sa djemameq ta qatjuvi tiamadju,qaw vericen tua pana. saka, a qinaljan a sicuayan nua pailjus izua i makalaulauz mavan a kadjunangan tua naqemacilu a qadaw.

====a sikamasnsimatelj a milingan====

kasicuacuayan, izua a macidilj a cawcau a pinualjak i qaciljay, sa papupicul a cemas tjaimadju tua malalaing ta cawcau, saka, maqepu a tjuruvu a cawcau timadju tua masanqinaljan sa masanmazangilj niamdju.

====a zuma a milingan====

ini amin a makazayazaya, izua a milingan i paljius avan a qemacilu a qadaw i makalaulauz. ka nalemamedj ta qecilu a qatjuvi, sa djinameq ta qatjuvi na kaluljay kati kacikic tua vavuwan. qaw naqemacilu a qadaw uta tua drusa a qecilu sa pualjak tua madrusa a uqaljay a lumamad. sa masananga tua umaq a lja vavulengan kata lja kazangiljan mavan a sevalitan na [[mamazangiljan]] i paljius.

====nakinkiu tua milingan====

azua a milingan a patjara kacalisiyan, ripun a cawcau, valjaka kata ljacalisiyan, nakinemenem a makuikay ta masa a pucekelj a kacalisiyan kata azau a cawcau a paqulid nu nakilangeda taicu a milingan, tuki aicu a milingan mavananga a likisi a namatevetevelj a kacalisiyan tua zuma a zukuan.

==kaizuan(資料來源)==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasakacedas]]</text>
      <sha1>cmvwogtbs17hgqlg29itx481g93n2qf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mali</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>139</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12444</id>
      <parentid>12442</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-13T09:37:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* pinpung */</comment>
      <origin>12444</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2969" sha1="25i622u8evi70mxsew2x0mp1ggx5gxd" xml:space="preserve">==Mali(球)==

mali, a pinaka ta buru uta, mavananga ta pinadjele ta ‘undu nua buru, sa lipurupuru a aicu a mali. aza ‘undu nua buru, uri kipasusu tua kinakemudan na buru sa penetj ta maqati a kinacavacavan ta beneru tua maljaljuvaq. matu izuanga a sedjaljep a kinakemudan na buru tua kinula kata qulu, inia sedjaljep ta lemima ta benuru.

==yakiyu==

yakiyu, avan a ‘undu nua kinateveteveljan, sa maljaljuvaq a tjaljakedri a masiva a cawcaw i baburuan(mamalian). uri a mavaday azua a caucau nua maljaljuvaq tua “cemual” kata “zemazaw”. sa, uri penangul ta buru a caucau nua “cemual” a siveric na caucau a “zemazaw” sa kipasusu a mekelj ta sepatj a haku. nu maqati a mekeljanga a kiliyus a ita i baburuan(mamalian), sa alapen ta ita a supu(tinsu)；saka, tinavelakanga a buru nua caucau a “zemazaw” sa ika benuruanan aza a caucua nua  “cemual”. nu maljaljuvaqanga, uri masasevalivalit a kinateveteveljan. sa izua a tjaliaw a supu(tinsu) na kinateveteveljan, uri qemacuvung taicu a ‘undu nu sikamasansivalj a kiuku i vecekadan(九局中), avan azua a sikamasanunemlj a kiuku i maljaljuvaq nua kakedriyan, a sikamasanpitjulj a kinku i maljaljuvaq nua maqacuvucuvung. saka, nu mamau ta supu(tinsu) na kinateveteveljan nu sikamasansivalj a kiukuanga sa maljaljuvaqanga.

==pinpung==

pinpung, uri cemabecab(binakebak) a masasevalivalit ta ita a mali nua madrusa tuki masepatj a caucau i cukui nu maljaljuvaqanga, qaw masaliawliaw i kacauwan. uri alapen a cabiljap nua buru na [[caucau]] nu maljaljuvaq, sa cacabcab taicu a buru a caucau pitudreq ta aralj i cukui. maqatianga a maljaljuvaq a taitan tuki sikinmasalj, nu inia tinavelak ta buru na caucau, sa uri alapen ta ita a supu(tinsu) na zuma.

==a qapurung==
[[sineqetj a vecik:土坂部落五年祭.jpg|thumb|right|220px|aicu a palisian a maljeveq i tjuabar i tua [[Taitu king|taitu king]].]]
tjaljapazangal a palisian a [[maljeveq]] nua [[Paiwan|sepayuan]] a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]], uri palisi a kacalisiyan nu lima a cavilj a kinetalj, navaikanga tia mamazangiljan, sa mavananga a tjaljapazangal. sa, tjapazangal taicu a [[djemuljat]], izua a rakac nua [[mamazangiljan]], sa alapen ta tjaqaca a tjelu a puluq a maru tadjekuacan a djuljat niamadju, a sanparavac niamadju a umaq, sa kaljava ta siveric ta qapurung ni pulingaw. saka, uri cemekecek tia rakac nua mamazangiljan tua qapurung kaizuanan. aicu a qapurung, uri tinavelak na tjakedri a mamazangiljan, sa uri kinisenayan nia vuvu tazua a caucau uta. uri semeqas ta djuljat sa mekelj tjai umaq na mazangi nu qemacuvunganga ta djemuljat. uri masan ta [[cinunan]] nu tjadjaljaw a mangtjezanga a caucau, mavananga a maljaljuvaq a qemacuvucuvung kasicuacauyan. saka, azua a djemuljat, avan a kungring nua [[kacalisian]] a qemacuvucuvung tua masan a cinunan, uri sinan tua qapurung na qaljic nua kasiw kata vaudj, sa maqati a kitulu a cemekcek. nu qemacuvunganga a maljaveq, uri verican a aicu a djuljat kata qapurung na palisian.</text>
      <sha1>25i622u8evi70mxsew2x0mp1ggx5gxd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>maljeveq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>140</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12447</id>
      <parentid>11269</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-13T09:41:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* ravar */</comment>
      <origin>12447</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="372" sha1="5hr6yfbx63p7pehi5beoe8mcj4naquq" xml:space="preserve">[[File:土坂部落五年祭.jpg|thumb]]
tjaljapazangal a palisiyan nua caucau a [[Paiwan|sepayuan]] aicu a maljeveq (五年祭).

nu liemita tua sika lima caviljan semusu tua kakudanan a kemasi miling a pasaqinaljan tua tjasevalitan.


==ravar==
aicu a ravar neka nu maljeveq niamadju. maquliqulipanga maljeveq  ita vuculj.

==djemuljat==
nu maljeveq mana izua djemuljat.</text>
      <sha1>5hr6yfbx63p7pehi5beoe8mcj4naquq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mamazangiljan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>142</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12678</id>
      <parentid>12677</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-15T02:59:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* putjiuma */</comment>
      <origin>12678</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3761" sha1="2okf9mgjrp2avkgd5a4xg2b7mxje4go" xml:space="preserve">'''mamazangiljan(頭目)'''

kasicuayanga, izua a tjaljapazangal a qinaljan i kakudan nua [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]], izuanga a kakudan tua kemudakuda niamadju izua i qinaljan, sa marasudjanga tua aza kakudan tiamadju uta. qaw tucu, izuanan a qinaljan a semasu ta rarasudjan nua kakudan niamadju. matu paiwanzuku, aza rarasudjan nua kakudan, mavanga a mamazangiljan a kakudan. nu venecivencik ta “mamazangiljan”, ruqivu anga ta “malailaing”, “頭目”kata “貴族”ayain.

aicu a vencikan a “[[mamazangiljan]]” nu penaywanan, kemasi a vencikan a “mazangilj”, avan a pacugan ta “malailaing”. sipaljavakan nua mazangilj ta qinaljan na paiwanzuku, mamau tua malailaing nua tjaynan kata sasiq a qivu ta mazangilj uta. ljawa sinan a “ma…” katjaisangas kata “…an” katjaivililj ta “mazangilj” nu penaywanan, qaw mavanga sipaljavakan nua mazangilj kata mamazangiljan(aza tacemekeljan ni mazangilj) ta qinaljan. izua i kakudan na paiwan , paljavak a mamazangiljan tua qinaljan, sa sinan ta [[vusam]] [[tuki]] [[malailaing]] nua qinaljan kasicuayan, mavanga tjaljapazangal a cawcau i qinaljan kata tacemekljan.


==kuljaljau==
mutu a qinaljan a [[kuljaljau]], izua a mamazangiljan kata [[qaqetitan]]. ljawa, maqati a vinaday aza mamazangiljan tua  kamamazangiljan, jaljamamazangiljan, mareka vetjevetjek a mamazangiljan, sinan siruvetjevetjek a mamamazangiljan, kata riningejalj a mamazangiljan.

qaw mutu a qinaljan a paiwan, izua a mamazangiljan, [[pualju]] kata qaqetitan, qaw maqati a vinaday aza mamazangiljan tua kamamazangiljan, mamazangiljan, djaljdalj kata kakatjenglayan mamazangiljan.

izuanga a ngadan nua mazangilj uta, mavan a “vusam”, sa izua a drusa a pacugan nua aicu a ngadan, mamau ta vat, mavanga a vat nua vaqu. qaw pinaka tua vusam na kalaingan uta. azua a pacugan nua mazangilj, mavanga a “paqulid a cawcau ”, saka uri pinaka ta “[[kavusaman]]” izua i qinaljan nua paiwan.

qaw azua a pacugan na mamazangiljan kata vusam izua i tacemekeljan i qainaljan, uri pinaka ni kalaingan ta vusam uta. aicu a vusam, mavanga a uqaljay tuki vavayan, uri sinanpazangal tjaimadju. saka, izuaga a kakudan na “kavusaman” kata “vusam” nua qaqetitan.

==vusam==
inika mamau ta kakudan a pacugan nua mamazangiljan kata [[vusam]] itua temavela ta kakudan kata semiljava, ljawa izuanga a kapacacapilj tazua a kakudan nua paiwanzuku. matu nu pavaljaw a mamazangiljan kata qaqetitan, uri macepeliw tua ngadan kata kinaqaljanan niamadju, saka aicu a temevelan tua akumaya a izuanga a mamazangiljan kata qaqetitan. sa nu penalisi kata paljavek ta pazangalan na mamazangiljan tua pasekakezeng tua kakudan i qinaljan, izuanga a pualju, [[malada]] tuki [[pulingaw]]. qaw uri temalem a qaqetitan tazua a lami nua qinaljan. azua a qaqetitan, mavan a cawcau tua paljavek ta katjunagan kata temalemtalem ta [[lami]], sa mamau ta matjaljaljak nua qinaljan, sa kilalaing tua kavusaman kata qinaljan, mamau ta tacemekeljan niamadju uta.


==siqaivuan==
vusam aya uta qivu tua mamazangiljan.


==masudjusudju==
* anema namasan veljatj itua paukuz nua mamazangiljan nuaya itjen avan a dredretan.
* nu cemulju itjen tua qacang nu [[masudjusudju]] tja sivay tua mamazangiljan a qacay.
* aicu a pinucalingan a dredretan makaya silingdjelj tua qumaq, a [[sipaukuz]] makaya uta pizuan tua tjaljayan.
* nu ljemakai tua [[tjiuma]] tjara izua sakamaya pusaladj a kemeli.
* a pucekelj tua [[vavayan]] a mamazangiljan lemisi tua [[sasavelan]].
* nu masudjusudju qaluin a pasa kinateveteveljan a mamazangiljan.

==putjiuma==
aicu a tjiuma sini san paravac tua papucekecekelj a mamazangiljan tua aljak a vavayan. nu mamazangiljan a savavayan tua pucekecekelj, semangas a sauqaljai a semazua ita savavayan a lemingdjelj tua [[tjiuma]].</text>
      <sha1>2okf9mgjrp2avkgd5a4xg2b7mxje4go</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mamazangiljan ti idipus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>143</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7245</id>
      <parentid>6880</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-03-04T08:02:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* tjaucikel */</comment>
      <origin>7245</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1117" sha1="03q3ny5ax93ncgw4hb7w6d0wv2wg6rz" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Oedipus.jpg|thumb|right|250px|mamazangiljan ti idipus]]
pinakeljangan tua '''mamazangiljan ti idipus''' aza pinuitjaucikelan nua segeris (Greece) a ''Oedipus Tyrannus'' manu ''Oedipus the King''. sinipakangadan a tjaisangas a ''Oedipus (Οἰδίπους)'' nua kinakaian a geris i tua sinansunatj a &quot;puitiks (''Poetics'').&quot;

==tjaucikel==
kisanlailaing a mamazangiljan ti idipus tua kaqinaljanan a tibis (Thebes). puita tua qadaw, papusengesengan ti idipus tua maresikacekelj nimadju ti kurien (''Creon'') tu vaik a kivadaq tua dilevi (''Delphi''), ayatua izuazua a seljayar sa saqetjuan tazua. sa nu mangetjez ti kurien a pasemalav tu paulan aicu a ljayar avan a kasizuanan a pinapacai ti laius (''Laius'') a mamazangiljan a kisanlailaing a pasusangas. inikanan a kemeljang tiamdju tu timaima a za kisankuya. manasika makuyakuya izua a ljayar sa saqetjuan.

kivadaq ti idipus tua laliguan ti tiresiyas (''Tiresias'') a pusaladj. nakemeljanganga ti tiresiyas tua siniqivuan ni idipus, ljakua inika patevela timadju tjai idipus. sa qemaqivu timadju tjai idipus tu semekez a kemikim taza paruarutan.</text>
      <sha1>03q3ny5ax93ncgw4hb7w6d0wv2wg6rz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>masalu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>144</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12612</id>
      <parentid>11122</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-17T18:22:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12612</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="260" sha1="0km9rne7dbzvecf9jk29d9shbounole" xml:space="preserve">a tja siaya a masalu tua tja kinasaluan.

masalu (謝謝), masalu (相信), katua masalu(信任）

maljimalji(謝謝)

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasakacedas]]
[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasaviri]]</text>
      <sha1>0km9rne7dbzvecf9jk29d9shbounole</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mazazeliuliulj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>146</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10550</id>
      <parentid>10524</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-01T21:06:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Praxidicae</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>rvv</comment>
      <origin>6743</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1607" sha1="gowv2np9bbdryztjx94dpnc681kxgwl" xml:space="preserve">[[File:WHC Shift Work Image.png|alt=Adjusted Prevalence of Shift Work (Any Alternative Shift) by Industry|thumb|Worker Health Charts provides a distribution of shift work by industry from 2015 NHIS data.]]
anema mazazeliuliuljan nu ayaya itjen, mavan na masasevalivalit a masengseng ta quma, na maqacuvucuvung a namatjevetjevelj a sikasengsengan, ljakua yinika papaqadjilj, azua tjiamadju a mareqaliqali a maredravadrava katua masudjusudju a maqacuvucuvung, madjadjaladjalan a vaik a kipusengesengan tjiamadju. pacun ta sengesengan nu pakirimurimuin manasisangas, matazua masasevalivalit a masengseng a pata maqacuvung a sengsengan niamadju a penuljat. aicu a namayatucu a sikasengsengan, yikatjen a masupaisu, au djaljav aravac a maqacuvung a sengsengan uta, saka tjitjen a mapuljat tja marekiljivaljivak yitjen, tja marasurasudj itjen uta, aku nanguaq aravac a namayatucu a sikasengsengan tua nemanga sengsengan, liavaravac a tjakamanguaq a mapuljat pai.

selapai nu patjeyazayazaya anga itjen a masengseng, nuna qemiladj a mapuljatj sa kipayipayiz ta tjakurung sa senasenai, azua ljingav na senai kipalingulj tua gadu nguanguaq aravac nutjalangdan, kumalji a cuai anga malangdangda anan azua senai, pai pasamalim anga mapuljatj tua luljayan a masengseng tjiamadju, namaya ta tjaljanguanguaqan a zuga nu tjapacunan!

==tucu==
tucu maljian anga zidai izuanga kikai a sikasengsengseng tua quma, patagilj anga [[Paiwan]] zuku a caucau a semakikai a masengseng tua quma, manasika pazangal anga itjen a pacun ta sicuayan a mazazeliuliuljan a masengseng, tjuruvu a Paiwan zuku a caucau a patjeljip aravac taicu.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>minamilingan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <contributor>
        <username>1234qwer1234qwer4</username>
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      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.230.38|79.163.230.38]]（[[User talk:79.163.230.38|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]]的先前版本</comment>
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      <text bytes="1747" sha1="87o2e0u6x79qpd9538khw1pkjs8kigl" xml:space="preserve">ka sikacu na se [[Paiwan|Payuan]] a caucau nasepeljuq ta '''minamilingan''',  pinakacadja avarung a kininemneman. maru senai anga na vavulungan “kavalanga lja qiljas paljelalailain tjanusun” aya. pinakata pupatarevan, amaru qatanga ken itua vavucungan inika sinanema, aya uta. nakisangatj ta puljuan.

==puvarungan ita sikacu a katje caquan a kai ==
a katje caquan a kai kata puvarungan ita sikacu pinaka ta kinateveteveljan na maqacuvucuvung a temulu tua kakudakudan na sicuayan kata puzangalan na vavulungan.

==patatevelavela a parutavak ita kinateveteveljan ==
nu zemiyaziyan ita pucekecekelj, azua patatevelavela nua uqaljaqaljai na vavayavayan a parutavak natemalidu na penadjalim, izua nu kipatevela a vavulungan uta a pakipapaulingaw a temulu.

==minamilingan ita palisiyan==
ita maretimaljimalji a palisiyan na se Payuan amaru [[Masalut]], [[Maljevaq]], liyaw uta a senai]] a kiqaung ta na qemati a [[Cemas]]. ita kinacemekeljan nua se payuan, a timaimanga kina, macaqu a seman [[senai]], nu ljemiyuljiyug pinakacua ta inili 
tapuzangalan.

==nuizua vavulungan izua milimilingan== 
a tjemaucikel ta milimilinga, pasemalaw tua kakudan naqinaljan na kinacemekeljan sinan sengesengan nua vavulungan, nuizua vavulungan izua [[milimilingan]], nuizua kakedrian izua tjemaucikecikel a vavulungan. madjulu itjen a pacun tana malingulingulj a semenasenai adjemelidjeli a kinateveteveljan ita se  [[Payuan]].

==pinaretimaljimaljian a minamilingan na se Payuan==
ka sicuayan, nekanu vecik na se Payuan, amin a vicik takasiw takaljiljaw, ljakua nekanu tjasitjaumalj tua pinasasevalivalitan atjaucikel. a 
minamilingan pina kata parutavak na senai katjecaquan a tulu, milimilingan, tjaucikel, mapacun a senai a puvarungan na se Payuan a caucau.

</text>
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  <page>
    <title>mulaciu</title>
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      <text bytes="1992" sha1="s1oy5t42i6he680y3y7a97rroqvu4rj" xml:space="preserve">sinicenek tu masan rasudjan nua [[mula]]. kisan kilalaing tua [[qinaljan]] a [[caucau]].

azua a mula a mulasiu nua guan, avananga a tjaljateku a malailaing na sihu a 中華民國, sa kinasinkiu na cawcaw tu sepatj a cavilj, inia a kakudanan tua sinkiu taicu a mulasiu.  

neka a zineliulj na mulasiu, ljawa uri sivai ta mulasiu a paysu na gukusiyu tua pinaljavak.

==pinaljavak==

pinaljavak na mulasiu ta tayday tuki sepatj a paljingan. izua a pazanalan ta sengsengan tua saliman ta kinasaljingan na taqaljaqaljan, pusaladj ta kinapangaljan a pinaljavak kata sinipenetj ta sitaliduan.  pasusu ta hulic a 《地方制度法》, pinaljavak ta mulasiu na gusiu, sa uri remasudj a kilalaing ta kakudan nua mula. ljawa, masa a kinasinkiu a mulasiu na caucau, ini a paljavak a gusiu ta mulasiu tuqadavan, sa kiqung a gusiu tua pusaladj a malasiu.

tjaljapazangl a mulasiu ta sinkiu izua i masanliawliaw.

nu ljayar a 冠狀病毒 i 2019 a cavilj i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], pacucun kata kilalaing a mulasiu tua caucau nasaqetjuqetju, mavan a tjaljapazangal a malailaing a mulasiu.

==likisi/cinalivatan==

izuanga a “里”ka 春秋戰國, kaizuana, izua a malailaing a 里正, 里君, 里尹, 里宰kata里有司nua “里”, sa pinaljavak ta pinaljingan kata kalakudakuda.

izua a malailaing a “里正” ka 唐, sa sinan a tayday a paljingan tua ita a “里”, a sinan a lima a “里” tua ita a guan, sa remingedjilj ta “里正” a macidilj izua i “里”.

ka宋 a sangasangasang a izua a 里正, 戶長kata鄉書手 a paljavak ta venadis, sa azua a “里正” avan a “衙前”, sa pungadan ta “里正衙前”taizua.

sa papungadan ta “里長”ka 明, sa sinan a tayday kata tapuluq a paljingan tua ita a “里”.

izua a sasusuan a 保甲制度i chukuku kemasi 宋, mavananga a sasusuan nua 連坐制 tua tupaljingan. qaw pinatavelavela aicu a sasusuan ta [[Taiwan|taiwan]] ka 清, pasa sihu na [[Dripun|ripun]] kata chukuku, sa masan tua sasusuan a 村里制度 tucu.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ngat</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>149</id>
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        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* cemavu */</comment>
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      <text bytes="4673" sha1="kh3n5xqj7umybzcmfzcqmiulv74rkxb" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |ngat
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:Alpinia zerumbet2CaryCass.jpg|thumb|250px|ngat]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinivecikan na kisanvenaruvarung
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|''Alpinia zerumbet''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; font-size=&quot;5pt&quot; align=&quot;center| &lt;small&gt;(Pers.) B.L.Burtt &amp; R.M.Sm.&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |zumanga a ngadan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kinakaian na amerika
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |shell ginger
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinairangan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |goe̍h-thô
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|ciniukuan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |月桃
|-
|}

aicua makaveljeluan a calisilisi a maka indadan amaka qeljuqeljuan, mapacun sakamaya a namezangal a '''ngat'''. aza vangalj kudresulesul dradripudrupudruan, aza vuciar maru cinusu a natikadradray, liljualjuas a namelava saka ladruq a kinasavan, maljiyan a saluman naicua ngat.

azua a ngat (月桃), avan a ljevavawvavaw tacavilj (多年生) a cemecemel, izuazua i chuku, [[Dripun|ripun]], 琉球, 關島, 海南島, 馬來半島, 爪哇 kata [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. izua a liaw a ngat i ljemavigan, paljaljavak kata i dangadangas tua qemumanga a gaduan, mavananga a cinakaw a masanliawliaw nua [[Paiwan|paywan]]. azua a tjaljaliaw tua cemekaw a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] a azua a asaw nua ngat. sicuayananga, nu ini a puvaljaw a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]], sa ini a maqati a cempu ta ngat, uri padjeli tjaimadju tua taqedanga i careqil, ljaljeqel kata ini a mavatj a qaw a qarengan. azua a asaw nua ngat, maqati a seman tua sekam, vakal, haku kata viljic.

tjaljapazangal a sengsengan tua cempu a sekam, sa uri semeqas ta tjanguaq kata tjaqaca a ngat nu inia venuciar i gugacu. qaw mayanan a pensis ta asaw, masa maqati a azua a asaw a pusaladj tua metad. sa, papetad tau kasiw i pasazeleman, qaw pensis ta asaw nua ngat a ljemita a qadaw. qadjaw a pitju kata alu a qadaw sa qemacuvunganga a aicu a sengsengan.

azua a tjeza a asaw, uri lemutlut a asaw tua lipurupuru avan a tapuluq kata lima a a marutaljudjuqan, sa papetad tau aza asaw i pasazeleman, qaw remasi i teku ta paliljiljinng. nu kuletjanga aza asaw, sa alap tua cempu ta sekam kata sicukaw taqadavanga.

masa a liaw rusuku i ngat a asaw, ini a madjulu a mated, sa avananga a nguanguaq a ceqalj tua malang ta lingay. sa avan a rualap tua cinavu uta. saka, masa nguljingulj aravac aza vuljangaw na ngat, qaw sinitalem tua qemapaz, maqati a alap tua papucemecemel a azua a ljedjeledje a asaw kata cuqus uta, sa rupacun i kacasavan nua [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]].

==patjara sikudakudan nua tjava==
===sicepucepu===
tja piliqan aza nanguaq a cepuyin. a seman sekam tja kataqedan, kata sika na dradruy na qaqiladjan, kata papizuana a kavatjes kata katjecaqevan a tjaljev.

===sicavucavu===
kemasicuay tja sicavu ta kinpel a [[vaqu]]. katucuanga kisaselanganga itjen tua pairang a sicavu ta djuadjuay a paday a penaqecang.

===sivulivulitj===
nu qemavay ta kinpel tja djinukul sedjaljep a tja sivulivulitj auta.

== siqapaqapaz==
sitalem a siqapaz makasalingaungal papenguanguaq tua tja kinaizuanan.         
                         
===sirarasiyan===
mavan nu dradrasiyan na sicuayan tua [[lami]] a tjalav a aradj a vaqu a djulis, a rinirarir/kuljus katua nemannga.

===sinipapungadanan===
katalu ka kalja zipungan, izuaza se Kaviangan(佳平村) a tja sikataqaljan, na malivu a mamaza i (turungat月桃部落遺址) , ljakua macunucunuq aza kadjunangan sa setavat tua kinaizuanan a mamazai sadap, siljezaya i maruljinay(水泉山上方).

==semalji/zemalji==
1. semqas
kemasi ta cuqus i vavav patje qapulu a semqas

2. suasavan
tja suasavan sa quyulji, a pasa umaq 


3. kematjekatj
rasiyin aman taitaita, patje nu rumeljak anga makaya kematjekatj


4. venulitjuku
nu qemacuvung tua kematjkatj,tja veliden a (venulitjuku) anga, nu makayanga, tja sadayjn a remasi 


5. semaljuv
nu macayanga semaljuv. sa azua semaljuv nuaya, semuvengetj tua linitjuku, sa seveci a dremaluq. 


6. cempu
nu namazululjanga, sakamasusalimananga tua qaqumayin, kipucuganga patagilj a cempu.

 
==cemavu==
nuri [[cemavu]] semelaw a pakasangas ta ngat.

==pacunu uta ==
* [[vaqu]]
* [[zakilj]]
* [[lukuc]]
* [[ljavucuvucu]]

==kasizuan==
鄭漢文等，2004，《排灣族民族植物》。臺北：行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P101。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>nu sesingvaudjan a tjaucikel</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>150</id>
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        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
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      <comment>/* kasizuan */kaizuan</comment>
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      <text bytes="2200" sha1="hdpcvkf8vencxfxxazafv7rscbql08q" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Battle of Stonegate.jpg|thumb|right|The battle of Stone Gate, against the &quot;Botan&quot; aborigines, was the most serious encounter of the expedition.]]
'''nu sesingvaudjan a tjaucikel'''（[[Drinipunan]]:台湾事件（たいわんじけん）; [[Ljinautjian]]:牡丹社事件）

==katagilj==
ka 1871 a cavilj 10 a qiljas, izua za nakemasi [[Okinawa]] [[Miyahuruzima a varukur]], na secevung ta selapay a raljiz i ljavek, sa valiyan a pasa [[Taiwan]] i [[Tjausabu]] (i Kaliyavan tucu) , sa sedukduk a varukur niamadju i maza, sa ljeteku tiamadju a kemasi ta varukur, sa sema kadjunangan, manu cengeceng tua qinaljan nua [[Payuan]] i kusekus. palemek tua inika mapakadjaludjalu ta kinacacevungan nua [[Dripun]] katua [[Payuan]], ljakua kinipaqaljayan na [[Payuan]] azua mareka [[Dripun]]. qau masa ini a cengeceng tua sicikelan ta sikiqepuan ta mareka salasaladj a liljing, masa qineci anga na [[Payuan]] aya za sivitai na Ciukuk. qau, avan anga sinan pacugan nua sivitai na [[Dripun]] tu uri djaljunen a i [[Sivaudjan]], a maqaqeci tua [[Payuan]] imaza sivaudjan.&lt;ref&gt;http://web.klokah.tw/extension/rd_practice/index.php?d=25&amp;l=6&amp;view=article&lt;/ref&gt;

==pakavililj==
ka i 1874 a cavilj, pakatjai saigu cugumitji a cemiur ta sivitai na [[Dripun]] sa djaljung i [[Taiwan]] a uri maqaqeci. sa ljeteku i ljungkiyav, sa uri vaik i sikimung aya, manu secevung ta nalemaung imaza a [[Paiwan|Payuan]], sa maqaqeci imaza. masa uri ljemakev ta siljavakan a kadjunangan aya kinemeneman a naicu a [[Payuan]], izua tu na seman neka tua nasi sa kiqeci ta [[Dripun]]. kumalji na selapay aravac a kinaqaqecian ta [[Dripun]] tazua. inika na madjulu aravac a [[Dripun]] tua kinaqaqecian tazua uta. nu ini a mavan a kinaljazuanan a sikiqaqecian a turivecan na [[Dripun]], inika tjaumakaya a [[Paiwan|Payuan]] ta [[Dripun]], mayanga kinatjuruvuan a sivitai na [[Dripun]] uta. sa ljevavaven azua kinazuavan a lemaung na [[Paiwan|Payuan]] a gadu, sa qeciqecin anga a tja sikataqaljan, patje papacayen anga a [[mamazangiljan]] ti [[Aljuku]] katua aljak, tjaljuzuanga za kinaqaqeciayan i sikimung.&lt;ref&gt;http://web.klokah.tw/extension/rd_practice/index.php?d=25&amp;l=6&amp;view=article&lt;/ref&gt;

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>palaingan</title>
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      <text bytes="1205" sha1="lphepxfzmxyqmdo404985aiueg41hu9" xml:space="preserve">palaingan(祭司)

azua palaingan mavana kipu sengesengan tua maljeveq

azua a paljavak a [[cawcau]] tua marasudj a penalisi a pinaka ta “paraqaljai”, “pasaladjan”, “patavelakan” tuki “pukanen” i paiwanzuku.

inika mapenetjanga a cawcau tua sinan ta palaingan, izuanga a macidilj a uqaljay kata macidilj a [[vavayan]], izuanga a amin a uqaljay, nekanga a vavayan. sa, izuanga uta a nekanga a palaingan i qinaljan.

aicu a palaingan, rumapenetj tua macidilj a uqaljay kata macidilj a vavayan. sa, uri sinanpazangal ta palaingan na taqaljaqaljan, ljawa inia tjapazangal ta mazangilj. azua a kava na palaingan, nu mapenetj a mazngalj sa maqati a kemava namaya tjaimadju. inia mamau ta venalet tua palaingan i tjara qinaljan, izuanan a maya a kisatja nua katjunangan i qinaljan, izuanan a uri alapen ta vutjulj nu semiljeva i qainaljan, izuanga uta a inalap ta vawa, vutjulj kata zuma na [[mamazangiljan]].

inika mamau ta kakudan nua masan ta palaingan i tjara qinaljan. izua a sinan nua kasusu i umaq；izua a uri djemaulj ta cawcau a kemeljang ta penalisi；izua a sinan nua taqaljaqaljan, avan a sinan nua ramaljemaljang a makaya a penalisi, nu ljemaui a mamazangiljan kata ramaljemaljang.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>pinairangan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <id>375</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.230.38|79.163.230.38]]（[[User talk:79.163.230.38|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]]的先前版本</comment>
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      <text bytes="3548" sha1="p0fbdx4ywpuedv3n2kc9vq3ow9e85eq" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:light; width: 270px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#C4E1FF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |'''pinairangan'''&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;''Tâi-gí'', ''Tâi-gú'' katua ''Tâi-uân-uē''&lt;/small&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kakunian
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |tayuan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|sikiljavaran nua mapida a caucau
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | ma 1,500 ban a caucau
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|vavecikan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | ''Pe̍h-ōe-jī''
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#C4E1FF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |pinakakaizuanan nua vinarungan tua kai
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; text-align:left; font-weight:light&quot; |sinutibit (&lt;small&gt;''langues sino-tibétaines''&lt;/small&gt;)&lt;br&gt;kai a ciniukukan &lt;br&gt;kai nua min &lt;br&gt;kai a minnan &lt;br&gt; pinairangan (taigi)
|}

[[sineqetj a vecik:Taiwanese Hoklo Usage Map.svg|thumb|right|250px|]]
mavan aicu a tja siaya a pinairangan a matjaita a kinakaian nua i [[Taiwan|tayuan]]. sa sikiljavaran nua tjatjuruvu a caucau nua i tayuan aicu a kai a pinairangan. kinakaian a pinairangan nua za qadjav a 70% a caucau i tayuan.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ethnologue.com/country/TW &quot;Taiwan&quot;]. Ethnologue. &quot;Principal languages&quot;&lt;/ref&gt;

qadjav a kemasi 1660 a kacaviljan, na mangetjez a tjuruvu a caucau seciukuk a semamaza i tayuan. ljakua maretimaljimalji aicu a kaqinaljanan niamadju. kemasi pasanavalj tua hukian (aza Hok-kiàn a siaya nua pinairangan) nua [[Tailiku|ciukuk]] a tjaljatjuruvu a caucau tazua.&lt;ref&gt;《明清閩南的海外移民(1567-1840)》，南投/暨南國際大學/歷史學研究所，1999&lt;/ref&gt;

a pinairangan a kai matu na sekingmung a kai (tja siaya uta a kai a amui), a kai a ciangciw, kai a cuanciw katua zuma a kai i pasakacedas a navalj tua [[Tailiku|ciukuku (tailiku)]].

==pinapungadan==
[[File:Taiwanese Hokkien Map.svg|thumb|right|250px|qadjav ka izua matjatjelu a sikakaian nua pinairangan. izua cuanciw a kai (Choân-chiu khiuⁿ), ciangciw a kai (Chiang-chiu khiuⁿ) katua seteveljan a drusa.]]
===taigi===
sinipapukeljang aicu a ngadan a taigi (sinivecikan a pinairangan a matu tâi-gí) tua pinairangan nua tjaljatjuruvu a caucau i [[Taiwan|tayuan]]. sipadjaljudjaljun aza taigi a kai nua tjuruvu a caucau i tayuan.

siayanan aicu a ngadan a taigi nua tjatjuruvu a caucau a pasuvililj nu nadjemaljun a sihu nua ciukuk a semamaza i tayuan. sa mavan aicu a sinansapitj a &quot;sivecivecik tua taigi (&lt;small&gt;''臺語方音符號''&lt;/small&gt;)&quot; nua siparavac tua kai nua kakunian a ciyubukay nua tayuansing nu kacaviljan a 1955. matu izuanan sinansapitj a &quot;sivecivecik a zuin tua kakaljavaran nua taigi (&lt;small&gt;''注音臺語會話''&lt;/small&gt;)&quot; nua kuvangpu (&lt;small&gt;''國防部''&lt;/small&gt;) nua sihu a ciukuk nu kacaviljan a 1958. a i tjaivililj a pinakangadan a kai a min a pasanavalj nua sihu a ciukuk.

pasemalav a penuvulung tua sinimicengan a kakukakudan ti ''Lí Éng-tek'' tua vaquan a pinakangadan a taigi a kinakaian nua i tayuan tua pinairangan.&lt;ref&gt;[https://udn.com/news/story/7266/5179897 台、客、原住民書面語將冠名「台灣」 金曲獎國語獎項擬改為「華語」.] [2021-01-21]. （原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20210117021958/https://udn.com/news/story/7266/5179897 存檔]於2021-01-17）.&lt;/ref&gt;

==pakavecik ta vinarungan==
cuaicuayanga a cinalivatan nua pakavecik nua pinairangan ta vinarungan. kasicuayan a sinepeljuqan nua ''kua-á-hì'', ''lâm-kuán'' katua ''pòo-tē-hì'' a kakukakudan a pinairangan.

==kaizuan==</text>
      <sha1>p0fbdx4ywpuedv3n2kc9vq3ow9e85eq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pulima</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>153</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12704</id>
      <parentid>10306</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-15T06:10:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* likisi */</comment>
      <origin>12704</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2003" sha1="2win5ge6h9jt3cnfxkr3th45h5e73wx" xml:space="preserve">==pulima (工藝師)==
ta sicuayan nu nguanguaq a pinuliman a vincikan ta kasiv, papuljagayan i katjuruvuan. tja sinan paravac aravac a temavelak ta langalj izua i katjuruvuan, na masan tjalja saiguan sun ta vencik i tua tja kinaqinaljanan.

==likisi==
kemasi sicuayan macaqu aravac a kipuvarung a ramaljemaljeng a paqaqepuqepu ta nanemanemanga, tu makaya sanayain ta saseljudjen ta pakazuanan. titjen a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] inika amin a malang ta kasiv kata malang a venecik ta itung a kasaiguin, makaya itjen auta a cemepu ta qau ta quwai kata seman sekam ta ngat, a tja sinan saseljudjen nakezeng saka bulai, tja linima sakamaya a kipusaliman.
macaqu itjen a temuljit ta viljuaq ta lekelek kata veljevelj, tutja san alaiin sa tja tjenunan tu tja sikava. aicua malang ta kasiv tja liav a tja san saseljudjen ta tja sikakan kata sangel, ta saseljudjen ta tja siqumaquma, ta saseljudjen ta tja siqaljuqaljup. mavan anga zua uta a kizing, a garuc, a qungcui, a lingada papusiavan nuika papukinsan, a langalj aya.
aicua pakatua cemepu nuaya itjen, avan anga cua kiquwai, a kiqau kata kingat tu sisan saseljudjen, aicu a tjakaz, a cepeng(dradrakuyan), a kadjapar, a rumuk a siaya. aza pazangal a qemepu a kiyaya, maya pazangal a venaur ta kina kudresulan, saka pazangal uta a semanaya, masadav atja lima. avan nusika tjaliav sakamaya nu uqaljaqaljai a kipusengesengan. aza tja madjulu a kingat a seman ngat, avan nusika tja tjuruvu a vavayavayan a kipusengesengan.
nu izua pinagaugavan na cemas ta caquan a paka tua malang aya, tua cemepu aya, tua tjemenu aya, saka a [[pinuliman]] na bulai, a pinakazuanan na marasudj, sana qedjeljen nuaya itjen, pulima aya ramaljemaljeng. sipatjatjaucikel aravc na ramaljemaljeng atja kaparumalj a tjara macidjicidjilj, tuna setukez itjen tuna mavulaqut itjen. a sikipusalimanan tuna maljenguaq tuna tjapudra. tjalja makeljangan atja saseljudjen itjumaq tuna mapualang ki ini a tja pakazuanan, sa sekeljang atja sisetukezan tatia kinauqaljayan tatia kinavavayanan.</text>
      <sha1>2win5ge6h9jt3cnfxkr3th45h5e73wx</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pulingaw</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>154</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12587</id>
      <parentid>12586</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-16T11:06:25Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12587</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2193" sha1="ne6cgn94c844r73wc8g7jiqizsk6icf" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Vajracharya priest.jpg|thumb|A ''[[vajracharya]]'' (thunderbolt-carrier), a [[Newar Buddhism|Newar Buddhist]] priest]]
== pulingaw(祭司) ==
a sicuayan a qinaljan nua se [[Paiwan|paiwan]], namasan pazangal aravac a qiniladjan nua pulingaw, a pulingaw maqati a pasasedjalu tua caucau kata naqemati a cemas kata i selem a marka tja vuvu, aicu a pulingaw avan a pakeljakeljang tua varung nua cemas kata kai nua caucau tua cemas.
a sika na masan pazangal aravac nua marka pulingaw i qinaljan, ayatua a pulingaw paljavak tua kina i kacauanan nua macidicidilj a caucau; kemasi tua sipualjak, a saqetju nua caucau, semu kuya semu paljiq, kisenai tua kina i kacauanan kata remukuz a pasa selem, neka nu inika kinicapilja a pusaladja nua marka pulingaw tua kina i kacauanan nua timaimanga a caucau.
pai avan a sika namasan pazangal aravac a sengsengan a peniliq kata temulu tua seman pulingaw; a patagilj nua peniliq tua pulingaw kemasi tua kinacemkeljan nua kapulingavan a marka vuvu anga a pacun, tu izua auri namakeljangan tu sedjaljep a piliqen a seman pulingaw, izua nu pacun uta a piqinaljan tua uri sedjaljep a kisan pulingaw a vavayavayan a maqacuvucuvung.

== penenetj ==
pai azua pinenetj tua uri san pulingaven a vavayavayan, izua pinakisumaljiyan tua si tavakan tu kisan pulingaw, inika maqati a pumaya a pacacikel i katjuruvuan i ta inika kinatavakan a kadjunangan; sipiliq uta tua kakanen, maru katjaukaizua a padai a kakesain i qinaljan, inika maqati a pakanan a uri masan pulingaw a caucau tua venli a kemasi pairang a padai, inika pakanan tua namacai anga kakanen a sacemel. azua pakitulutuluin ta pulingaw a maqacuvucuvung a vavayan kidjadjaladjalan nu kipusengsengan a pulingaw. lajkua nu vilivililjan anga nuri lemingdjen a seman pulingaw, pakivadaq anan a sema zaqu tua naqemati acemas kata marka vuvu sakana masalu.
pai a pulingaw na kipapaulingaw saka namapukakudan aravac a sikudan, puvarung saka kedri aravac a kai, amin a kipusengsengan tua semu kuya tua caucau, semu siselapai ta qaljaqaljan, pucemel, kipasemalaw, kivadaq… a maretimaljimalji a sengsengan, papupicul kisenai tusika manguaqan suljivatjan nua kinaqinaljanan.

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>ne6cgn94c844r73wc8g7jiqizsk6icf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qaljic a busi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>155</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10418</id>
      <parentid>10163</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-07-28T23:28:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Sotiale|Sotiale]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>5565</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1977" sha1="pb5rduouqtvh5hulgm6f8r07eajmgf3" xml:space="preserve">qaljic a busi (皮帽)  

qaljic a tjalupung.

uri tjemalupung a qaljic a busi azua a uqaljay na [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] nu palisian, rusinan a qilajc tua tjalupung, sa venecivencik kata djemuas tazua a tjapulung.qaw nu djemuas tua qecengecengel a cawcau kata qulivalivay tuki qecengecengel a vulung izua i quljiljilj a kaljiljaw, mavan a qaljic a busi nua [[mamazangiljan]].

uri kemava a uqaljay na [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] ta itung kata tjemavet, qaw uri kemava ta keljep tiamadju uta nu mirava, sa sinan a qaljic na likuljaw tua kacing sa venaljan kata masitjakit. qaw tjemalupung ta qaljic a busi tuki tarar. pazangal aicu a qaljic a busi nua kacalisiyan nu mirava. uri sinan a qaljic tua tjalupung sa qemacap ta qaljic, qaw venecik tiamdju tua teveljen tiamadju. careqil aicu a qaljic a busi a kinakemudan, kata sinan a aljis, kaljipa, calis kata qaljic na quay. azua a venecikan nua qaljic a busi, ruvencik a mamaxamgiljan ta vulung, qadaw, cawcau kata djilung, avan a pazangal a venecikan；sa uri tjemalupung ta qaljic a busi a qaqetitan, qaw neka a venecikan, ljawa uri sinan a aljis tua linipuru, matu “O” izua i cekad ta tjalupung, sa pasa i cekad nu tjemalupung ta qaljic a busi, sinisanparavac aicu a venecikan niamadju. 

izua a kapacacapilj azua a kava nua kacalisiyan kata kakudan nua mamazangiljan. saka, azua a kakudan nua venecikan na kava avananga a kakudan nua mamazangiljan. kasicuayanga, masa inika masengseng a mamazangiljan, sa maqati a venecivencik a uqaljay niamadju, kata maqati a venecik a vavayan niamadju, sa sinisanparavac niamadju tua semanpazangal. 

izuanga a tjunenun, vnecikan, pinuluvucan kata pinadjekecan i kava nua paiwanzuku. qaw izau kapacacapilj a pacugan na venecikan kata kukudan na mamazangiljan, izua a tjelu a pacugan naicu a venecikan: sangasangasang, uri sinisanparavac nua mamazangiljan. sikamasanmusalj, maqati a venecivencik tua tjaucikel nua mamazangiljan kata qinaljan. sikamasantjelulj, nanguanguaq tua kava. 
</text>
      <sha1>pb5rduouqtvh5hulgm6f8r07eajmgf3</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qaljic a tjalupung</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>156</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12611</id>
      <parentid>11127</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-17T18:22:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12611</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="231" sha1="qk6282f5af5eiqfswtpnmzhcfrfsgno" xml:space="preserve">aicu a qaljic a tjalupung mavan a inalang tua qaljic na sacemel sa suqaljicen, paka metad, sa maqati anga kasengesengen a malang tua tjalupung.

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasakacedas]]</text>
      <sha1>qk6282f5af5eiqfswtpnmzhcfrfsgno</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qaqaljupan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>157</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10327</id>
      <parentid>10053</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-07-28T23:24:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:1234qwer1234qwer4|1234qwer1234qwer4]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>5580</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1304" sha1="ignksjnya2eoj1b3oaasdrp06e8nzpm" xml:space="preserve">qaqaljupan (獵區)

tjara izuazua a qaqaljupan nua ta qinaljanaljanan. 

azua a kasicuayan a kadjunangan na qinaljan, izuaga a kakudan. aicu a qaqaljupan, ivirivirilj tua vecekadan naicu a kasicuayan a kadjunangan na qinaljan, saka avananga a djerapalj na gadu sa inika sedjaljep tua temalem tanema. aicu a kinataljiqacan nua qaqaljupan mavananga a tjaqaca a kadjunangan a kemasi tua ljavek, sa uri paljakev ta qaqaljupan a sikataqaljan, masa a qaqaljupan nua qinaljan, sa maqati a qinaljup i qaqaljupan na sikataqaljan tua sacemel, ljawa uri pasusu ta kakudan nua qaqaljupan a patjemiling tiamadju. 

==tucu a qaqljupan na qinaljan==

kasicuayan, izua a qaqaljupan i pana idedet a qainaljan, qaw izua a cinunan nua [[Paiwan|paiwan]] kata rukay a mamazangiljan tua qemaljuqaljup. uri maqulipanga a sicuayan a kakudan na qaqaljupan, ljawa kemeljanganan ta qaqaljupan a mareka qinaljan tua inuwanuwan, saka nu qemaljuqaljup tucu, uri pinavalit a kakudan nua qaqaljupan masa maumalj ta kakudain na qaquzipen, kinataljiqacan a kadjunangan nua sikataqaljan tua karakudakuda, a saluan nua sikataqaljan, kakudan, sengsengan kata kadjunangan. saka, nu qemaljuqaljup tucu, uri vaivaik ta gadu a ljiadet tua qinaljan, kata pana i vecekadan ta gadugaduan, mavananga a kadjunangan tua maqati a semazua ta qemaljup.
</text>
      <sha1>ignksjnya2eoj1b3oaasdrp06e8nzpm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qata</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>158</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12432</id>
      <parentid>12431</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-13T05:05:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* quljicacenglaw */</comment>
      <origin>12432</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="6689" sha1="4ieaquyozphmmj49slw1rx0yvfynsvw" xml:space="preserve">a '''qata(琉璃珠)''' pitua se [[Kavulungan]]  zuku, sinan pazangal a sauzayan uta, sinan paravac uta, pinasasevalivalitan tua kinacemekeljan.&lt;ref&gt;蔡愛蓮, &amp; 伍美花. (2014). 原住民族族語中級教材 閱讀書寫篇（中） 南排灣語. (國立政治大學原住民族研究中心, 編輯) 林江義&lt;/ref&gt;   matu quljimamaraw a temeljateljar a qata na masan paravac a nguanguaq a qata sinipavai nazua naqemati ta i kacauan ta [[Kavulungan]] zuku.

[[sineqetj a vecik:Clothes06.jpg|thumb|vavayan a pinazangaqan]]

==milingan a patjara qata==
patagilj a veqac izuanga a ljimecamecaw a vali izuanga a ljimecamecaw i sicevud a zaljum izuanga na sepulingelingtj a quljucacingelaw maka gadu maka pana a mingelayalayap aza na venqac ta i kacauan, alapen aza maca na quljicacinglaw, sa san lalangi a seman paravac a qata sa pavayan ta puvarung macaqu a kialalang a se [[Kavulungan]] zuku.

==kaizuazua==
aicu a qata makakaizuazua: izua vecivecikan, izua matjak, izua vurav, izua a pula, izua kurakurar a qata, izua a kakerikerian a qata.a kakurakuraran a qata. sicusu a seman veceqel, a seman zangaq. a kakerikerian a qata,sivecik a puluvuc a seman kava, sicusu a seman vacevac a seman kaljat uta, ta sikipacain na mareka maqacuvucuvun a vavayavayan.

===mulimulitan===
tjaljapazangalan anga ta qata a mulimulitan. a '''mulimulitan''' mana na masan taljaparavacan a taljavavavavavan ta qata nga, siki pakeljakeljang ta ngadan ta nasi na [[mamazangiljan|mazazangiljan]], sipucekcekelj na itjumaq a [[mamazangiljan|mazazangiljan]]. nu izua mulimulitan mana makaya a masicekelj ta aljak na [[mamazangiljan|mazazangiljan]]. a tacusuan a taljivucun aicua mulimulitan, tara i vecekadan.sa aza i patalad a quljaw vucelacelai sa vincikan ta sameljam, ta quderederelj kata vuraw a maru viqeviq anga vecik. a kurakuraw a qata sipucekecekelj na [[mamazangiljan|mazazangiljan]], sipu qaiqai tua tengelayan ta sudusuduan.

===quljicacenglaw===
aicu a quljicacenglaw a qata sini sanparavac tua natemalidu a quljivangraw i gadu.

===marutjamulang===
aicu a marutjamulang a qata sinisanpazangal tu rusegetjeman a masengseng tua quma saka pulami.

===Luseq-na-qadaw===
izua milimilingan a namaitucu: “kasicuayan aicu a qadaw i teku, i tjaivavaw ta aljiw a pasa teku, izua tu ita [[Qadaw|qadaw]], ka sikicengcengljan, izua za mavunglai a vavayan a kemsakesa tuza taukavaqu a lami, manu ka icengceng a culjuan na [[Qadaw|qadaw]], minatuk aza kinsa sa lemiyulj, manu aza qadaw sekiayan taza liulj na kinsa a ljavavavavaw a ma kalevalevan. pasasamaljiyan a mareka caucau anga sa tatu na temqang a pacucun taza qadaw a ta laicadjacadja ta kadjunangan, a na kiparusapui anga ta qedereljan a [[Qadaw|qadaw]] a ljevavaw a sema kalevelevan izuanga ipasa kaledep. manu ikacuai！matu qudalj aza marka qata a kemasi kalevelevan a sevuriyad a makelukelu a sema kadunangan-----. aicua na vaik a qadaw, ayatua sepuqaiyan ta ikacauan pai qemaung sa peluseq, azua luseq na qadaw merekauljayan a qata, manasika ta papungadanan aicu a qata ta '''Luseq-na-qadaw''' aya. ”

a '''Luseq-na-qadaw''' a qata, sipu qaiqai ta singlitan kata kakiljivakan na [[mamazangiljan|mazazangiljan]] a namasan paravac a qata uta.

===Kurakuraw===
aicu a '''Kurakuraw''' a qata,namayatucu aza milingan: izua za kemasi kalevalevan a nasauqaljai aravac, seqauliyan taza aljak na mazazangiljan ati qeleng. saljinga tu masi cekelj taimadju manu kemelu a kemasi kalevalevan a venai taza nguanguaq aravace a qata taza aljak na [[mamazangiljan|mazazangiljan]] tu sinilisi taimadu. pai maciur anga mipereper a marusa a pasazua ita quljivangraw i kalevelevan…！

pai azua kinlu a sinivai a qata vecivecikan, maru palalj anga na kurakuraw,nguanguaq aravac a kinavecikan, manasika papungadanan ta maru palalj anga na kurakuraw a qata.

aza vecik nimadju na kiparu palalj na kurakuraw, timadju namaya uta ta mulimulitan a na masan paravace.

[[sineqetj a vecik:Flyfly3.jpg|thumb|Kurakuraw]]

===Pumacamaca===
aza '''Pumacamaca''' a qata,maru macanga ana zemang ta qata tu ini ka sicakavan nua timanga. aicu a taljivucung a qata tara izua sakamaya a na maljaljavak a pumacamaca a sini pazang ta talivucun. aicu a pumacamaca qata sinisanparavac tua puvarung tua
sikamanguanguaq.

===makacaingaw===
a '''makacaingaw''' a qata, sini pu patarevan ta na puvarung aya. mayatucu aza milimilingan, aicu a makacaingaw a qata sinipualak na [[mamazangiljan|mazazangiljan]] aya.

===Cadjacadjasan===
aza '''Cadjacadjasan''' a qata, mana na zemang ta kadunangan aya. manasika a pinizuanan ta cedacedasan a qata, kimana na cemadas ta kadunangan.

===vuraw===
aza '''vuraw''' a qata,mana ljakev na kinacavacavan.mana sika a sicuayan a timanga a caucau tara nakipacaing tua vulaw a qata.

===matjak===
aicu a '''matjak''' a qata, namayatucu aza milingan:izua za timadu a uqaljai na kipacaing ta matjak a qata. manu aza mazazangiljan saljinga uta taza matjak a qata.pai papucekeljen aza aljak a vavayan, sa alapi anga aza matjake a qata pitjai madu.

===pula===
aicu a '''pula''' a qata, izua uta a milimilingan: izuaza aljake na mazazangiljan ka masudusudu a marepaukukuz, sicusu ta pula a seman lakalakai ta kivangavangan. manu madudu aza cemas, pai kacuin a pateta aljak nimadu a ljemakaljakai, sa iniyangaka cemikel.

==kinasizuanan na qata==
patetucu nekanan nu namaita a tjaucikel ta kinasizuanan na qata: 
izua qivu tu kemasi miling aya,izua qivu ta pinavaveliveliyan aya, izua kemasi hulanda aya ……namaka kaizuazua a kai, ikamapucug tu inu a mana pariya makilaing.

==kaqatan kata qata situcuan==
===kaqatan===
a sicuayan a qata '''kaqatan''' aya itjen.

===qata situcuan===
a kinasenseng tucu a qata situcuan aya iten.izua ta pinaka se hulanda a qata. aza sinikasenseng izua garasu, izua gumu, izua ipu ... a na makakaizuazua. 

tucu macaqu a timanga a seman qata, makayanga itjen a lemain a vencik a seman qata ta tja kinatjenlayan; makaya itjen uta a sema paisu a venli ta maretimaljimalji a kakaveliyan kata maretimaljimalji a patarevan a qata. ljakau aza similing a tjaucikel a 
kakudakudan nakuya ta alimen.

==kakudakudan==
aicu a qata mana picul na [[mamazangiljan|mazazangiljan]]; aicu a qata mana pasemalaw ta kinacaucauan na [[mamazangiljan|mazazangiljan]]; aicu a qata mana ta 
nasi ta damuq; aicu a qata maru ta kadunangan anga; maru ta paisu anga; aicu a qata ta lalang ta ljakev. aicu a qata makaya sitavung, makaya sivai, makaya siqeljing, makaya veneli, makaya si paukuz, makaya sipuceklj.

aicu a qata mana na demadas talja pinarecunguljanguljanan; aicu a qata mama na demadas ta nasi na ta umaq.

==pacunu uta==
* [[kacalisian]]
* [[djilung]]
* [[tjalupung]]

==kaizuanan==

[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasanavalj]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>qau</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>159</id>
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      <id>12711</id>
      <parentid>12664</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-15T09:34:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* saljes */</comment>
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|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |qau
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center |[[sineqetj a vecik:Bamboo forest.jpg|thumb|250px|qau]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinivecikan na kisanvenaruvarung
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|''Bambusoideae''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; font-size=&quot;5pt&quot; align=&quot;center| &lt;small&gt;Luerss.&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |zumanga a ngadan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kinakaian na amerika
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Bamboo
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinairangan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |tek-á
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|ciniukuan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |竹
|-
|}

aicu a '''qau''' maretimaljimalji a kinalangan a namatjatjungadangadan. izua [[kavayan]], kaqauan, cekes, ljaququc/ ljauiuic.

==patjara sikudakudan nua qau==
===kavayan===
liav a maka ljaveljav na mezangal a kemerap a kapaz, makaya ravac a siqeceng ta zaljum siljakev tua qinaljan. kemasicuaya tjasisan tapatapav, tjasisan qapaqapaz, tjasisan djuljaten nu pupalisiyan ta [[maljeveq]], tjasisan cepucepu, tjasisan tiveljatan.

aicu a ngadan na kavayan a pacugan, avan a “qacaqaca”. kedemel kata caljeqil azua a kavayan, sa bulayanga ta sinan tua temapau kata puljukay. saka, maqati a malap ta meqacnanga a kavayan ta sinan tua veljatan, avan a tjemuljak tua quljic nua kavayan. namitengezangan azua a kavayan a veljatan, kata inika madjulu a qinucquc na sasiq tua maveceluq.

izua a vinecik na 黃淑璥 kasicuayan, “izuazua a qinaljan itjaisangas kata itjaivililj ra gaduan, nu maveljeq, izua a matayday a malailaing kata taqaljaqaljan, sa malapanga a djuljat tiamadju. qaw izua a macidlji tua siveric a [[qapurung]] tjaivavaw, sa cemekes tua purung tiamadju. nu cinekes tua qapurung na caucau, sa pinakalevan na zuma a vawa.” azua a djuljat nua maveljeq a sinan a kavayan. nu nekaanga a kavayan, sa sinan a navunavuk kata macuq, ljawa uri pakeljang a pulingaw tua vuvu.

===kaqauan===
[[sineqetj a vecik:Bamboo forest, Taiwan.jpg|thumb|right|220px|aicu a puqauan i taiwan.]]
lja ladrauadruaqan a valjetacan tjalja makayan a sikasengeseng tua lalingedan tua kulalu. nanguaq uta a sicepu tua [[cepeng]], tua kadrangu, tua tjakaz, tua kadjapar.

sinanpazangal aravac ta kakauan na [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]], nu pinatavat tia [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]], matalem tiamadju ta izua a ita a kakauan idedet ta tjumaqan. izuanga a milingan na kaljaljaw: nu macayanga a caucau, uri masan tua qatjuvi, kata [[qaris]], sa nu cemalivat tua kakauan a sinisanparavac tua nanguaqan, maqati a masan zaljum, qaw paljevavavi ta kalevelevan. sa namapenetj a cemas a naqemati tua sema inuwan a aicu a galay.

inia amin a seman a kakauan tua kavatjes kata cepeng, maqati a seman a kakauan ta kalalu uta, masa a sinanpazangal ta kakauan, sa papungadan ta “kakauan”, avan a “azau a qau a pakulid”.

===cekes===
kedria tapacunan a cekes peniliq tua metatad a qipu a sicuvuqan, kakuljakuljayan a kinalangan.manasika sedjaljep a sisan vakela, sisan qedju naqungcu, sisanputukatukar. 

azua a ngadan na cekes, avananga a “cemekes”, masa uri semeqas ta meqaca a cekes, sa semualap tua aza a ricing kata cemapa ta semevec ta kakauan, qaw vengetju a vakala i ingaw nazua a kakauan. sa qemacuvunganga tazua a nemanga na cinuanan tua qemaljup i gadu. 

maqati a cekes a seman tua [[qungcuy]], inia cemqalj a azua a ricing na kakauan, amin a semeqas a paseqaca a pacengceng a kakauan, qaw pacalivat tazua, sa maqati a sinan ta [[qungcuy]] a azua a kakauan.

sa, izuanga a maqati a malap a [[cuvuq]] na qau ta kakanem a pinaka a salangsang na [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]].

sanguaq aravac a tjuvuq nua cekes.

===ljaququc/ ljauiuic===
cemuvuq a makasadip taza cacevacevan a cunuq, a sikapazan nasekakezeng aravac, tjaljamakayan a ljemakev tua kadjunangan. makaya tjasisapasapay a piteku, aza kaljaudjur tjaqepuqepuyin a seman suapan.

izuazua a masanliawliaw a quc i namacunuq a katjunangan itjaiteku a vecekad tua sasusuan tua vavavan kata dangasdangas i qacilajy, sa pinika a tjaljanguaqan tua katjunangan a cemecemel. nu ljevavaw tua calisilisi a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]], uri kemikim ta quc tua djemameq tua mapaseqeljing.

izua a milingan na tjuabar: sicuyananga, izua a zinaljuman, sa naseqaljudj a sevalitan, ljawa izuanga a qac, sa djemameq tiamadju tua mapaseqeljing.

sinipukasintan azua a quc na kacalisiyan tuqadavan, masa a namasulapelj aza a quc. 

azua a quc, ini a mamau ta asaw na kaljavian a maqati a nakemitj ta caucau. qaw maqati a malap ta menguangaq a vuljagaw na quc tua malang ta ljaljumay.

===navunavuk===
aicu a navuvuk sevesevec na kezeng saka ladruq a valjetacan, tja sinan dradrasiyan ta qitung ta sicauvan, kakelayan tua nemanga.

===saljes===

auza a saljes a masanliawliaw izua i paljavakan nua kacalisiyan itjainavalj tua 知本 itjainavalj ta taiwan. izuazua a nakelay a ricing kata kuljaykuljay a [[cuqu]] nua saljes, sa madjulu aravac tua pakeljang aicu a qaw, avan a rualap ta sinan ta nemanga tuqadavan nua [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]].

aicu a pacugan na ngadan a saljes, mavan a “liawanga, ljaw inika madjulu ta semenaw”. izua a veku i ricing nua saljes, sa tjengelay a kaqunuwan tua malap a a ricing ta djemuas ta aljis a tideq, qaw zemaing avan a “salisali”. tjengalayuta a cinuan ta malap a ricing tua djemuas ta [[kuang]], sa mesikianga a kuang.

nu saljinga ta temapau a [[caucau]], ljawa nekanga a qungay, sa maqati a malap a saljes a sinancalis tua 

papiminesegau ta tjumaqan kata venengetj a ljaviya i qinaljivan. sa, maqatiuta a semeqas ta meqacanga a saljes, sa cemqalj ta picul na saljes kata dremasianga. qaw tjemuljak tua quljic nua saljes. sa maqati azua a quljic sinan ta [[cempu]] tua tjakas kata kavatjes.

==pacunu uta ==
* [[vaqu]]
* [[djulis]]
* [[lukuc]]
* [[ljavucuvucu]]

==kasizuan==
鄭漢文等，2004，《排灣族民族植物》。臺北：行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P118、125、138、173、233。</text>
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    <title>qudjilj</title>
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      <timestamp>2024-03-16T12:22:39Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Minorax</username>
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|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;background:#FF0000	; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |qudjilj(quljaw)
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:Color icon red.svg|280px]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|RGB&lt;sup&gt;N&lt;/sup&gt;
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |(r, g, b) 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |(255, 0, 0)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|CMYK&lt;sup&gt;N&lt;/sup&gt;
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |(c, m, y, k)	
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |(0, 255, 255, 0)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|HSV
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |(h, s, v)	
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |(0°, 100%, 100%)
|-
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[[sineqetj a vecik:Rose Macro.jpg|right|thumb|240px|qudjilj a hana]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:Fuji apple.jpg|right|thumb|240px|qudjilj a apul]]

qudjidjilj, a quljaw a izua i viriviriljan a tjaljaqacan a 波長ta sasusuan na zerezar a napacun(可見光譜) , sa tjaljaqaca a mavananga a kemasi unem a iday sa tjelu a puluq ta pitju a iday sa lima a tapuluq a 奈米, sa mamau ta quljaw na djamuq, avan a 三原色kata心理原色. inika pacunanga a caucau tazua a tjaqaca ta 波長na zerezar a qudjidjilj, sa papunagadan ta “紅外線”taicu a zerezar.

==pukeljang==

aicu a quljaw a qudjidjilj a siniselem tua nakuya i liaw a kuga kata zuku.

masa madjulu a pacun ta qudjidjilj a caucau, sa izua a liaw a pukeljang ta kipapaulingav a sinivencik a quljaw a qudjidjilj. saka, uri seceker nu paqulja a qudjidjilj a zerezar, a makudakada tua puqeceng kata abunay a sinivencik a quljaw a qudjidjiljuta. izua i kimapaqaqayam tua benuru, nu alapen na裁判 a qudjidjilj a紅牌 ta pakeljang a pacevakanga, sa vaivaikanga a pisaunyuny.

a nemanga nua 消防項目 a mamau pukeljang tua sinivencik a quljaw a qudjidjilj. ljawa mapavalit a pukeljang a quljaw na 緊急出口 a qudjidjilj tua liljuas, sa ika maqaluvu a kemeljang ta qudjidjilj kata quljaw na [[sapuy]] (ljawa izuanan a qudjidjilj i zuma a kuga, sa madjulu a maqaluvu numaya.) amin a izuanan a qudjidjilj i galasu nua zidusia kata tapavan a pukeljang a quljaw na 緊急出口, ika maqaluvu a kemeljang ta liljuas kata cangia.

==kakudanan a kilalaing==

azua a kakudanan a kilalaing a 革命, 左派, 社會主義kata共產主義 a sinisanparavac na qudjidjilj. saka, azua a malailaing nua chuku a sihu kata 中國共產黨 a pinaka a “rivrivan nua qudjidjilj(紅領階層)”, kata izua a sinansenay tua 左派革命, 左派政黨kata政權 a pinaka a “qudjidjilj a senay(紅歌) ”, sa liaw a paqapulu a 政黨, avan a 共產黨, 社會民主黨kata zuma a 傳統左翼社會民主主義政黨, uri sinivencik a pukeljang tua quljaw a qudjidjilj. sa kedri a 右派保守主義政黨a sinialap a qudjidjilj tua pukeljang, amin a 美國共和黨.

==kakudan nua chuku==

kasicuayanga i chuku, izua a qudjidjilj a liaw a 宮殿 kata biu.

pacengceng a sapuy na 五行 tua quljaw a qudjidjilj i kakudan i chuku, sa a 離卦 na 八卦 a sinisanparavac na qudjidjilj uta.

izua a ita kemasi tua sepatj (四分之一) a 四象 a 朱雀 a sinivencik a qudjidjilj i kakudan nua chuku. a sinisanparavac na qudjidjilj tua puqimang uta.

nu palisi ta cemas i chuku, uri alapen a quljiljilj a sinivencik tua pakaleva a qadavan.

sinisanparavac a qudjidjilj tua kalevaleva i kakudan na chuku, sa tjengelay a sinivencik a quljiljilj tiamadju nu puvaljaw kata semancavilj.

nu izua a kiam (債), uri sinivencik a qudjidjilj tua kiruku i kakudan nua chuku, sa pinaka a “qudjidjilj a vinecikan (赤字)”；venecivencik a malailaing na chuku a sialap na qudjidjilj a inpic kasicuy, ljawa nu macayanga a malailaing na chuku, sa sinivencik a cangia.

aicu a qudjidjilj a sinisanparavac tua maseqetj kata rakac a mudingan na caucau i 京劇, avan a 關羽.

==a zuma a pacugan==

a quljaw a qudjidjilj a sialap tua vinecivencik i kilisimas (聖誕節)；

aicu a quljaw a qudjidjilj a sinisanparavac tua kiljivakan, rakac, abunay；

izua a qudjidjilj nu matjani a kakavelian na 股票 itjaiviri ta amilika, sa izua a qudjidjilj nu matjani a kakavelian na 股票 itjaikacedas ta 亞洲.

liaw azua a 消防車(a pinaka a 救火車 uta) tua maqevetj a sapuy kata paseqeljing ta caucau, mavananga a qudjidjilj.

kemasi cuacuay, paljiq tjai zuma a sinivencik a qudjidjilj tua tigami i kakudan nua chuku；

liaw a pungadan a kinateveteveljan na buru (足球) a sialap a qudjidjilj ta sinan tua sevalit tjiamadju, izua a 英格蘭a利物浦 kata 曼聯, sa pinaka a “qudjidjilj a sividay (紅軍)”kata “qudjidjilj a galadj(紅魔)”.

rusinivinecik a sinsi a qudjidjilj a inpic i sasupuin na situ.

nu alapen a 酸鹼指示劑 a paqayam ta qalesem a nemanga, uri qudjidjilj a 酸鹼指示劑.

azua a qudjidjilj nua 電阻值, mavananga a drusa.

aza a qudjidjilj a uqaljay i kinasengsengan na 超級戰隊系列 a masanitalj a sirakeraketj. sa izua a sirakeraketj na kinasengsengan a 動畫a sinisanparavac a qudjidjilj.

ruvaday tua qudjidjilj kata cangia nu marivu i 拳擊, 泰拳kata跆拳道.

aza qudjidjilj a sinisanparavac tua maqaqeci. a pinaru sapui a vitjuqan avan a qudjidjilj a vitjuqan, sa papungadan tua cemas na 羅馬 a 瑪爾斯.

izua a qudjidjilj a venecikan, nu inianan a vinecik i MediaWiki, nu vinecikananga, sa izua a cangia a venecikan.

izua a vangavang tua maqaqeci i tinaw, rualapen a qudjidjilj a sinisanparavac ta qalja, sa izua a iljuas tuki cangia a sinisanparavac ta qaliqalian.

kasicuaycuay, aza a qudjidjilj a sinisanparavac ta uqaljay, sa azua a cangia a sinisanparavac ta vavayan. 

izua i kacedas a kuga, azua a qudjidjilj tuki vuteqilj a sinisanparavac ta uqaljay, sa aza a iljus tuki qulivay a sinisanparavac ta vavayan. tucu, a cangia a sinisanparavac ta uqaljay, sa qudjidjilj a sinisanparavac ta vavayan ka pasuvililj tua masanitalj a pinaqaqecian. izua a qucengecengel tuki iljuas a sinisanparavac ta uqaljay. saka aza 淺藍色a sinisanparavac ta lumamad a uqaljay, masa kinava tjiamadju nia matjaljaljak ta淺藍色a kava i kakudan i kaledep. masa a cangia a nasetevelj ta qudjidjilj nua uqaljay, maqati a paqeljetep kata kipaqadilj timadju. saka azua a qudjidjilj a nasetevelj ta cangia nua vavayan, maqati a pinarakac tjiamadju. kata izua a kagu avan a ripun a pinaljavak tua aza a quljaw nua uqljay mavananga a qudjidjilj kata cangia, a quljaw nua vavatan mavan a vuteqiteqilj kata quljaw a qudis. sa azua a quljaw ta vecekadan (中性顏色) avan a vuteqiteqilj, qucengecengel, qulivay, iljias, kulimalimac.

azua a qudjidjilj a sinisanparavac ta niciubi i 泰國.

aicu a qudjidjilj a sinisanparavac a rakac tua 白羊座, pinaru sapui a vitjuqan, ita kata siva.

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    <title>quljicaca</title>
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'''quljicaca(構樹)'''

masanliawliaw a quljicaca izua i pasanavalj tua [[Tailiku|chuku]], [[Dripun|ripun]], malasiya kata kadjunangan i taypingyan, sa maqati a pacucun taicu a quljicaca izua iteku a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. rutemaletalem a cawcau taicu a kasiw a sipakan tua size, qacang kata [[venan]], saka pinaka a “na venan a kasiw(鹿仔樹) ”.

ka 1960 a caviljan, papupicul a sihu tua temalem ta kasiw kata quljicaca, masa maqati a sinanqadupu a qaljic na quljicaca. saka tjuruvu a cawcau a semeqas ta quljicaca tua qemaljic sa veneli tazua a qaljic kaizuan. aza a namalum a vangalj na quljicaca mavan a tjaljapazangal a lami nua qayam, sa mavan a kakanen nua kaqunuwan isasaw.

kasicuayan, uri qemaljic ta quljicaca a kacalisiyan tua sinanitung kata sinicaqis, sa sinankavic uta. aza madajdjekec a qetim na quljicaca, maqati a djuasi i cabuk sa ljemuceljuc a putjelu, saka namasam ta lumeljak aicu a cabuk nu kemavakava. 

==sikavaljutan==
tjemaladj a ravac a kapaz nua quljicaca, masan lialiav atja kamanguaq tua quljicaca.

==kaliqedavan==
nangua a calisin azua aljic nua uljicaca.

==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P272。</text>
      <sha1>4mrl8hbwt9h7xfnl1f4uzdsx3irrpnf</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>quljivangraw</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>162</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12286</id>
      <parentid>9907</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T09:34:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>12286</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1814" sha1="qnza7z0p97220y05s3jwziwn08hrj9y" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:颱風前的彩虹 20150821.jpg|thumb|quljivangraw]]
nu kaljamakesan a vaqu, madjele itjen a 
pacun tua quljivangraw. ayatua nukalja 
vaquan izua nu qemudjaqudjalj sa 
kacengelangelaw, manasika madjeleitjen a 
pacun tua quljivangraw.

==milingan==
===Kau nua Cemas===
* varukur na Nua
a ku (Cemas) kieces tjanumun namaitucu: inika uri maqulip a mumalj tua zaljum a kana valjualjut anga a penuljat, saka inika uri makapalak a mumalj a kadjunangan tua tjeljev. uri papacun aken tua quljivangraw a pi tua qerepus, tu uri sinipukeljang a patje palalaut taicu a paaeces, a mavan a ku paaeces ka timun katua valjualjut a kana namanemanga penuljat. saka a quljivangraw mavan a sinipukeljang tua ku paaeces katua i kacauan anga penuljat. tua sika izua anga nua qerepus i kalevelevan, saka mapacun a quljivangraw, ki ken a kipaqenetj tua ku pinnetj a paaeces ka timun katua kana valjualjut anga a penuljat. 16 nu pacun aken tua quljivangraw itua qerepus, ki ken a kipaqenetj tua ku pinnetj a patje mamiling a paaqeces ka timun katua kanavaljualjut i kacauan. saka mavan aicu a ku sinipukeljang tua paaqeces katua valjualjut anga i kacauan.” aya.

[[sineqetj a vecik:Double-alaskan-rainbow.jpg|thumb|right|220px|aicu a quljivangraw i alaskan.]]

===Tailiku===
* Hung (Ljinautian: 虹龍)

===Barat ===
* aicu a quljivangraw mavan a tiveljatan nua cemas i Indra (Binaratan: इन्द्र)

==quljav na quljivangraw==
=== RGB ===
* [[qudjilj|qudjidjilj]] (255, 0, 0)
* qutjianes (255, 165, 0)
* qulivai (255, 255, 0)
* liljuas (0, 255, 0)
* quljangas (0, 255, 255)
* cangia (0, 0, 255)
* kulimac (87, 0, 255)

=== HSB ===
* qudjidji (0, 100, 100)
* qutjianes (39, 100,100)
* qulivai (60, 100, 100)
* liljuas (120, 100, 50)
* quljangas (180, 100, 100)
* cangia (240, 100, 100)
* kulimac (300, 100, 50)</text>
      <sha1>qnza7z0p97220y05s3jwziwn08hrj9y</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>samiyan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>163</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10318</id>
      <parentid>10045</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-07-28T23:24:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:1234qwer1234qwer4|1234qwer1234qwer4]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>5729</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="110" sha1="5wb1leo2jt4fxhcw4bm0suvh1a5hed1" xml:space="preserve">a tja siaya aicu a samiyan (漂亮) tua kinabulayan.

[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasanavalj]]
</text>
      <sha1>5wb1leo2jt4fxhcw4bm0suvh1a5hed1</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sangpuru</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>164</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12289</id>
      <parentid>12127</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T11:19:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
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      <origin>12289</origin>
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      <text bytes="3946" sha1="5vbqv09xbaocxw13x2mmzvwkpyj4bv3" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Non-stick 20cm saucepan.JPG|thumb|right|sangpuru]]
sangpuru (pariuk 鍋子)

aicu a sangpuru, avananga tua sinimakesa a [[lami]], sa liaw a kinakemudan a aicu a sangpuru tua sinimakesa. rupacun a kinakemudan nua pariuk, izua a papusiavan kata pariuk.

malap ta lami sa papizuanan ta sangpuru, qaw seljecu ta lami, maqati a cianu, kemesa, qemirqir kata kabula (炸) uta. sa, izuaanga a ngadan na djamay a paka vutjulj nua sangpuru (回鍋肉).

saka, nu papucekelj a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]], uri silisilisi aicu a pariuk itjen.

==pariuk==
pariuk, pinaka a sangpuru na chuku uta. aza a kai nua 粵語 a pinaka ta 鑊, a kai nua 閩南話 kata 潮汕話 a pinaka 鼎 uta, qaw aicu a pariuk avan tua sinimakesa a [[lami]]. mavananga a sangpuru uta. sa azua a kinakemudan na pariuk, avan a berung i vavaw kata ljetjuku i teku.

azua a kinasa nua chuku ivirilj, ruqirqir tiamadju, sa nasevalitanga ta 魯菜. saka, nakipuvarung aicu a pariuk manasika izua a cuqus ta kemesakesa, a pinaka ta pariuk a 山東鍋 kata 北平鍋. kata, izua a pariuk i navalj a rualap tua dremusa a lima, sa pinaka ta pariuk a 雙耳鍋. nasevalitanga ta 廣東.

aicu a pariuk, maqati a sinicianu kata qemirqir ta lami, ljawa maqati a seljecu, kinsa kata kabula. aza a pariuk, mavananga masanliawliaw i chuku kata 東南亞.

saka, izua a kedei a pariuk a nakipuvarung tua kemisi ta kinsa, tuki makingidju tua lami, avan a 乾鍋 nua kinsa nua 湘菜, a 鑊仔 nua i 粵語地區.

==papucekelj==
nu papucekeli itjen silisilisi aicu a sangpuru.&lt;ref&gt;[https://southland.culture.tw/pingtung/zh-tw/YMevent/560888 禮聘物品]&lt;/ref&gt;

==tinku==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Tatung 100th Anniversary Cooker 20190706.jpg|thumb|right|aicu a tinku.]]

maqati a tinku ta kemesakesa, sa kiqedjen a liaw a zikang kata cemaucau nu kemesakesa. aicu a tinku, maqati a kemesa sa neka a [[sapuy]], ika pecungu. 

inika amin a maqati a kemesakesa, maqati a tinku ta kemesa ta zalja, siav, ljaceng kata pia. sa patjamanguanguaq a tinku tucu, maqatianga a cemapa ta qavay kata kabala i 英國.

izuanga i [[Dripun|ripun]] a tucu a tinku ka 1940 a cavilj. ka 2005 a cavilj, izua a alu a kuzulj sa lima iday a kudrav a tinku i kacauan, kata izua a unem a kuzulj a kudrav a tinku i chuku, a kemasi a ripun kata 韓國 a zuma.&lt;ref&gt;[http://finance.sina.com.cn/roll/20070329/06131296949.shtml| 電鍋加速向&quot;煲&quot;]. 2007-03-29 [2016-03-04]. （原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20160307130512/http://finance.sina.com.cn/roll/20070329/06131296949.shtml| 存檔]於2016-03-07）.&lt;/ref&gt;

==naqemezetj tua sangpuru==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Pressure cooker2.JPG|thumb|right|aicu a naqemezetj tua sangpuru.]]

naqemezetj tua sangpuru (壓力鍋), a pinaka ta padjaljaw a sangpuru uta. aicu a sangpuru, maqati a naqemezetj ta zaljum, sa maculjuclju a zaljum ljawa ika minatuk, maqatianga a makesa ta djamay. izua ivavaw i sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan, ini a madjulu a makesa ta djamay, sa maqati a malap taicu a sangpuru tua kemesakesa.

maqati aicu a sangpuru ta kiqedjen a zikang kata dingki, ljawa madjulu a palak nu pasaliw tua sicukaw. izua a caucau a naqivu a kinsa a sinimakesa na aicu a sangpuru, inika tjasanguaq ta kemesa na [[sapuy]].

==mavatj a kataladjan nua sangpuru==
auza a mavatj a kataladjan nua sangpuru (平底鍋), avan a sangpuru uta, sa mavatj iteku a sangpuru, qaw izua a drusa a puluq tuki djelu a puluq a marutaljudjuqan a aicu a sangpuru, sa kedri a palingulj nua aicu a sangpuru, kata izuanga cuqus. maqati a cianu kata kemesa a mavatj a kataladjan nua sangpuru.

==sangpuru a ika sedjekec==
aicu a sangpuru a ika sedjekec (不沾鍋), mavananga ika sedjekec a djamay tua sanapuru nu kemesakesa. liaw a aicu a sangpuru, sininalap ta 聚四氟乙烯 tua djemuas i teku i sangpuru, sa maqati a ika sedjekec tua djamay. izuanga a sangpuru a sinimalang a kapua tua maqati a ika sedjekec tua djamayuta.

[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasaviri]]</text>
      <sha1>5vbqv09xbaocxw13x2mmzvwkpyj4bv3</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>sanguljingulji</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>165</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11143</id>
      <parentid>11071</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-26T18:32:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/83.11.191.203|83.11.191.203]]（[[User talk:83.11.191.203|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Happyboy10428|Happyboy10428]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>11052</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="702" sha1="lnidzknci0nacncb4llshj5in3si5ri" xml:space="preserve">aicu a sanguljingulji mavan a nakikerap a kasiw, amin a izuazua a kemasi iteku ta vecekadn a sasusuan tua vavavan na kadjunangn i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], sa masanliawliaw a aicu a kasiw i makacemecemel kata djalanan iteku ta vecekadn a sasusuan tua vavavan na [[gaduan]]. nguljingulji aza vuteqiteqi a vuljangaw na sanguljingulji, kata aza a madjulu a kemerap a vaudj niamadju, sa tjengelay a kacalisiyan ta sinantarar naicu a kasiw.

maqati a kemanuta aza namalum a qucengecengel a vangalj na sanguljingulji, mavan a kakanen nua kakedriyan nu kivangavang.

==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P82。</text>
      <sha1>lnidzknci0nacncb4llshj5in3si5ri</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sapulju</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>166</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12610</id>
      <parentid>12226</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-17T18:22:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12610</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2906" sha1="20nlbzaey8woy0jmnw5bwfotdbmop2e" xml:space="preserve">sapulju (新興村)
nu sapulju aya tjen 
sabisi aya a patarevan nimadju

sapulju i 新興村a kinzang (金峰鄉) i [[Taitu king|taitu]], mavan a seqaluqalu a qinaljan a  mapulingetj tua gadugaduan kata ljavek, a i pasanavalj ta [[Taimali|tjavuali]], naviri a 魯巴卡茲部落, a i tjaikacedas mavan a taipingyan, a i tjaikaledep mavananga a 金針山. tjavatjavang tua ljavek imaza, sa nanguaqan ta kinateveteveljan taimaza.

aimaza a sicuayanga a ngadan, avan a sapulju (撒浦路), pupungadan ta 路巴卡特 ka ciukukuanan, a aza kai na [[Tailiku|ciukuku]] mavan a 新興部落.

katjaisangas ta 39 a cavilj, aza sapulju mavananga a sepaljavak nua 魯巴卡部落, avan a qaqaljupan, sa siaya ta “sapulju” na taqaljaqaljan imaza, aza pacugan nua pinaywanan, avan a “qucaljan ta katjunangan”.

aicu a sapulju, izua a sepatj a qinaljan kata alu a cemekemekelj. 

aza a sepatj a qinaljan, mavan a 舊賓茂部落, 布頓部落, 近黃部落, 史卡多部落；azua a 舊賓茂 i pasanavalj a [[Kavulungan|kavulungan]], izua a cemekemekelj lja 巴法法瀧, 古沙查.

azua a 布頓i pasaviri a kavulugan, izau a cemekemekelj lja ruvaniaw (邏法尼耀). azua a 近黃 i pasanavalj a kavulugan, izua a sepatj a cemekemekelj lja 德路那弗那夫克, 給你路古洋, 糾佳阿斯, 都飛龍. qaw aza 史卡多, izua a cemekemekelj lja 史卡多.sa teveljen ta alu a qinaljan i sapulju.

kasi paljing ta gakku a 新興, azua liaw a zuga i qaljiv kata zaleman ta cemiuciur a cawcaw a ljetaladj ta kacuan nua kacalisiyan. ljaki a pupalidringan (停車棚), zaleman, binziu kata paljing, izua a vinecikan nua paywan, mavananga a kakudan nua paywan a penuljat.

izua i qinaciljay a umaq nu mamazangiljan i 新興村, maqati a pacun ta vinecikan ta kasiw na 甘比, sa maqatiuta ta kemeljanganga tua nanguaqan nua kakudan a paywan.

==cinalivatan (likisi)==
ka ripunanan, remingedilji ta gimen a sihu i 近黃社, pinaljavek na 大武支廳第二監視區 ta 近黃, 托畢錄, 那保那保, 庫塔卡斯. ka 1912 a cavilj (大正元年), riningedilji ta unem a gakku na sihu a ripun, mavananga a itjisangas tua remingedilji ta gakku i sihu nua [[Taitung|valangaw]] (台東廳). ka ciukukuanan, aza 近黃警官駐在所 a inumalj a remingedilji ta 近黃村, sa pinaljavek nua 金崙鄉 ka 1945 a cavilj sa 4 a qiljas. masa i gaduan sa inika naseljenguaq imaza. qaw azua qinaljan a penuljat, pasetavat tua i tjaikaledep a navalj tua [[Taimali|tjavuali (太麻里鄉)]] a 北里村 i 山地保留地, sa temapau tiamadju a mumalj, qaw papungadan ta 新興村. izua a mapulingetj a kinapangaljan a paljavak na [[Taimali|tjavuali (太麻里鄉)]]. aicu a mula a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan, avan a 4.88平方公里, sa aza kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu avananga a takuzulj a vavavan a maru tadjekuacan imaza.

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasakacedas]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>sapuy</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>167</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12661</id>
      <parentid>12660</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-04T04:55:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* sapuy(火) */</comment>
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      <text bytes="2405" sha1="qcjik9kyfidcw3z722e3rubeg5bfkks" xml:space="preserve">==sapuy(火)==
[[File:Fire, Fireplace, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.jpg|thumb|sapuy]]

ka tevutanga dingki maljiyananga tjasi paquljaqulja, sa maumaljanga a tja sikudan a tja sikavaljut auta, pasa maquliqulipanga a patjetucu! ljakua aicua sikudanan nua semicuayan, nu neka sapuy maru neka zaljum a tja sikavaljut sarekuya aravac. manasika a tja sikarakudan a semicuayan, a sisanpazangalan tua sapuy, namaya tua sisanpazangalan tua zaljum.
kemasi tua sapuy setje keljanganga tu namakuda pinakazuanan a caquwan nua tja sevalitan. nu namayatucuanga tjen a izuanga ta dingki na sekiamav tua situcuwananga a sikudan, a nekanga tja valisaked tua tja sikavaljut, nakuya ikatjen a kipaqenetj, kicaquwan tua patjara sikarakudan tua tja sini kavaljut a sapuy, ulja palalautanga a tja kakicaquwanan.

==patjara sapuy a kakudan==
a pitua tja kakudakudan namasan paravacangata. nu pecungu itjen sa medjek makayanga lemikezalj kemesa tua kanen, nu kaljaljaljeqelan tjasi kalingulingulj akingidu tu sikaseljec. azua na [[mamazangiljan|mazazangiljan]] a kasasavan tja kakaqepuwan i qinaljan, nu izua pupalisiyan pucekecekelj, nu qezemezemetj pinivecekadan a sapui, sa tja ziazian a malevaleva. malap ta namalayicanga ljaviya wungeljen sa seman zaman, si paqulja ta djalan nu qezemezemetj. nu izuwa pacugan i qinaljan, pucevulj sa pakeljang tu yanuwan. kumalji a salilim ulja djaljuni a paseqeljing a kirimu.
nu makakivaqu icengceng a liyav a iyav a gang a makaveljeluwan, tazua masi zaman tusi paqulja marepusalasaladj, a tjemiljuwal ta gang ta iyav sa sipangapangalj, izuanga tja kanen tja sini kalevanga mapuljat. nu cemulju ta qacang, malap ta zaman sa papedjeki tu semingis a pakasangas, kata cemapa ta vasa a seman aradj. nu masusalimananga tiamadju a uqaljaqaljai mavana sapuy a sikasengeseng tua ljemenguwaq ta turivecan a tjakit vuluq, a sipanaq a tiveljatan vakela, a siqusuqusul a kakara(kakarang) a vuka, katua seman [[djilung]], sapuy sakamaya sikasengeseng. remaqazemetj a masi zaman, lemivu tua tidriyulj, cemevulj tua pakazuazuanan a lala, na lava, ciya, but, nu macevulj sa kaviladj madjameq sakamaya.
a wumaq kasicuayan nakuya ika tja padjekedjekecan a qavuwavuwan a pucevulj, avan nu qemuveling aya ramaljemaljeng. ulja paljakev tua qeluz tua sialangan, ika kicaingan na qatjuvitjuvi kata sasayalj tu maljekuya tja umaq.

==sikavaljutan==
aicu a sapuy katua [[zaljum]] mamav a kinamasan pazangalan tua tjanasi.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>sasiq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>168</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12710</id>
      <parentid>12709</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-15T09:26:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* milingan na sasiq */</comment>
      <origin>12710</origin>
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      <text bytes="1387" sha1="867zvoh2n7s276z0495k34vgk5vgw7b" xml:space="preserve">'''sasiq''' (ljinautjian: 螞蟻)

==milingan na sasiq==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Fire ants 01.jpg|thumb|sasiq]]

kasicuacuayanga, izua a liaw a sasaiq a semakuc ta nemanga kata [[qataqata]] tjai [[mazangilj]]. masa samalji aravac a mazangilj, sa kidjadjalan timadju ta sasiq tua kemeljang ta kemasinuwan azua sasaiq. sa napacun tazua a sasiq a kemasi berung iteku tua qaciljay, qaw pavaik a mazangilj ta caucaw tua kidjadjalan tazua a sasaiq sa kemali tazau a djalan. kemalikali tiamadju sa inika sekezan, sa kinali ta kadjunangan niamadju mavananga a kadjunangan ni mazangilj. nu puaminganga tiamadju, napacun ta liaw qataqata avan a sinakuc nua sasiq a qataqata, saka pasaladj a mazangilj tua sasiq ta semekuc ta qataqata tjaimadju, sa azau a kadjunangan nua mazangilj a penuljat a kemasi kemalian tjai mazangilj. azua qataqata a sinakuc na sasiq avan a cadacaan.

azua a “cadacaan” avan a ngadan nua qataqata i kacalisiyan. aicu a ngadan a pacugan mavan a kadjunangan niamen a kemasinuwa tua iunwan. izua a kisumalji a pacugan kata ngadan nua qataqata i kacalisiyan, ljawa masa inika mamau ta pacugan i qinaljan na [[Paiwan|paiwan]], uri papungadan ta qataqata tiamadju sa inika mamau a pacugan taizua.

==maqepu==
matjatjaivilivililj a mareka sasiq, maqepu a sasiq nu izua [[ljualju]] i kasintan.

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasakacedas]]</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>saviki</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>169</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12696</id>
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      <timestamp>2024-10-15T05:26:27Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
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      <comment>/* qunvulj */</comment>
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      <text bytes="5786" sha1="rmh5jmew0mbnsfd9m8458fahiscxp1b" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |saviki
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:Areca catechu - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-014.jpg|thumb|vaqu|220px|center]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinikeljang ta cemel kata kasiw
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|界
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Plantae
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|演化支
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Angiosperms
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|演化支
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Monocots
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|演化支
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Commelinids
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|目
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Arecales
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 科
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Arecaceae
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|屬
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |''Areca''
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 種
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |''A. catechu''
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinivecikan ta cemel kata kasiw
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|''Areca catechu''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; font-size=&quot;5pt&quot; align=&quot;center| &lt;small&gt;pinapungadan ni Carl von Linné&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |zumanga a ngadan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kinakaian na amerika
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Areca
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinairangan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |pun-nn̂g
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|ciniukuan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |檳榔
|-
|}

aicu a makamaza i ljavljav a qinaljan liav a sinitalam a tjapacucunan, aza qapulu sevesevec a pasa vavav, nu [[venangalj]] namavalid namacaicaing, a kapac nakemerap, inika marekutj ta vali, pazangal a maveceluq a maipuq.

azua a saviki a kemasi a malaysia, sa tinalem a masanliawliaw i taiwan. aicu a saviki, mavananga a tjaljapazngalan tua kakudan nua kacalisiyan a paywan.tuki a puvaljaw, palisian, kinataliduan kata kalakudakuda, tjara avan a saviki.

azua a kakudan nua paywan, izuazua a saviki a tinalem idedet tua tjumaq na kacalisiyan, sa avananga a vincekadan nua katjunangan. kata, nugljingulj a valjangaw nua saviki nu venuciar, sa bulaybulay tua nasi na [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]]. izua a qaca a kasiw na saviki, avan a kivangavang tua remaqiz a kaqunuwan uta.

tuqadavqadavan, tjara padjele a saviki tua patjavang ta qaljaqalja, sa nu nekanga a saviki, ini a maqati a kisudju kata puvaljaw. nu puvaljawanga, maqati a kasusu a uqaljay a qaluin ta taringucan a saviki kata a zuma a levan, sa aicu a pacugan, avan a kinisenayan tua tjuruvu a aljak kata kakiljivakan nia uqaljay. auza a [[paruk]] nua saviki a sinipalisi, sa maqati a kasiw nua saviki ta temapau, maqati azua a asaw(rapanq) na saviki tua papizuanan ta kakanem, kata ljinama tua pecungu., saka, nu kalakudakuda tia kacalisiyan, tjara padjele a saviki numaya.

==patjara sikudakudan nua saviki==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Binlang.JPG|thumb|right|230px|aicu a saviki.]]
===sisanqaljaqalja===
nu izua tja qaljaqalja tja cunguljan pumaya a uqaljay a vavayan, tjangtjangen a maneapu a tja sipasedjalu.
===sikisudjusudju===
nu papucekelj itjen a sauqaljay, kemacu tua saviki kata djinaljeng a vava, katua seman ljakarav ta saviki, tua tja paqaljayan ta sauvavayan.

aicu a saviki a sinipaukuz, mavan a apipian a saviki, saka izua te'ung, saviki, amis uta, tu sinipatarevan  ta pausevu tua vavayan, nu  izua nakuyan taicu a saviki, mavan sinanemasiya' tjaivavayan. 
===sisenasenay===
numasudjusudju ka sicuyan, sinan parutavak tua tjengelayan ta sudju. (saviki i kaljualjuvng mataita a venusuk), aminsun a ku kinatjengelayan siniaya.

saka, itua senay nua masisi, aicu a saviki a patarevan tua ' iniladjan kata nasi nua mamazangiljan. 

=== sikivangavangavang===
kasicuayan a kakedriyan sinankuku, aza namalaic a livuljung makaya remakac a kivangavang; aza uqaljaqaljay malalumalj tua kemavakav tua qapulu.
=== sisansipayzan===
nukaljazalangzangan malap tua livuljung saqecapi aseman sipaizan tu sipaipaiz masuzulek itjen.

=== '''kemapalis'''i ===
nu matjez itjen tua 'inaljan a kasicuayan, tjara padjele tjelu a apu kata tjelu a kupu a vava tu sinanepaqaljayan tjai sevalitan.  

==milingan a patjara saviki==
ka sicuayan izua ti sa tjukutjuku, qau mapuapu timadju, kacuaiyanga vaik a sema tjatjan, qau sidjilay i tjatjan azua inapuan; qau sa cemuvuq azua djilai tua saviki. qau meqacanga azua saviki [[venangalj]], qau kisavikin anga ni sa tjukutjuku tu apuin. azua tisa tjukutjuku, ka vaik a kivala sema zua itjua tapav nua mareqali, inika pinarimasudj a tapav, qau suapan ni sa tjukutjuku, sa tjangtjangan ta saviki, sa vaik a cemikel a tjumaq. mangtjez a mareqali, ljaqa tima nasemuap tua tja tapav? tjananguaq a tja raungen aya, qau raungen nua mareqali, manu mangtjez azua ti sa tjukutjuku. ka ivililjanga, sini pakigaljuanga tua tjalja sauqaljayan a uqaljai, sa papucekelji. pai sinivalet tua nanguaqan ni tjukutjuku ayaya za milimilingan.


==kakudanan==
tja si’alja’alja’alja aicu a apu nu izua a mangetjez a kivala.


==papuapuan==
kana cekeljananga tjara izua sakamaya a papuapuan i tjumaq. a papuapuan papusavikian tua tjatjangtjangen

==ljakarav==
aicu a tarar, palalj katua saviki namasan [[ljakarav]] itua [[paukuz]] nua [[mamazangiljan]] nu pucekecekelj.

[[sineqetj a vecik:排灣族婚禮的聘禮 -檳榔115.jpg|thumb|saviki]]

==qunvulj==
aicu a saviki, [[lekelek]] katua [[dridri]] si qunvulj tua naqemati.

==kasizuan==
鄭漢文等，2004，《排灣族民族植物》。臺北：行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P286。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>tjakudrang i tjuabar</title>
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      <timestamp>2024-06-12T09:50:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* tjaivililjanga ta maqaqeci */</comment>
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|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CE0000; text-align:center; color: white; font-weight:bold&quot; |tjakudrang i tjuabar
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:Tjuabar Suspension Bridge05.jpg|250px]]
|-
|}
[[sineqetj a vecik:Pwn-tjakudrang i tjuabar-part 1.ogg|縮圖|本條目引言段落]]
'''tjakudrang i tjuabar(土坂吊橋)'''
aicu a tjakudrang i tjuabar mavan a imaza i pasa [[Taitu king|taituking]] [[Daren|daren]] a tjuacaqu a pana a tjakudrang. na lemingdjelj ka 1938 a caviljan. tazua nasepaiwan a kacalisian i tjuabar kata dralendren a qinaljan sipacacevung sinan pazangal a tjakudrang. tucu namasan ta namapukeljang a kivangvangan i [[Daren|daren]].

== cinalivatan ==

=== ripun a djiday ===
aicu a tjakudrang i tjuabar naliningdjelj ka 1938 a caviljan puluq sa drusa a qiljasan, nua setjuabar kata ladrengdren a sipakazuanan a sinan pazangal a tjakudrang kasicuayan na i qinaljan tjuruvu a maqacuvucuvung sinimasasudju patjatjauvalit ta tjengelayan a kadjunangan. avan nu izua pinaka pinaka “sudju a tjakudrang” a siaya. nu secevung tua masalut a kinakalevelevan, aza sikataqaljan nu qemacuvung ta sengsengan, pangetjez a semamaza itua qapulu na tjekeza sa semenay tua sipapuluqeluqem sa kiqaung tu paseqeljing nua cemas.

=== tjaivililjanga ta maqaqeci ===
aicu a tjakudrang i tjuabar na pudrusa mumalj a semanguaq ka 1977 a [[caviljan]] kata 1986 a caviljan, ljakua izuanan dedet a tjakudrang avan a kezeng aravac, avan sika aicu a zumuzumul a tjakudrang inika nanguaq, ika maqati a tjapakazuanan. namaitucu a munday, aza tja sikataqaljan kiquang tua paysu nia sihu, na saljingas tu mumalj a semanguaq tua aicu a tjakudrang. au aza 農業委員會水土保持局 i valangaw paljilji sa sikipuvarung, aicu a tjakudrang izua tja kakudakudan nua caucau, nu mumalj a semanguaq izua pusaladj a papumirazek tua kivangvangan a sengsengan imaza i qinaljan, avanzua ljemaui pavay tu ita kuzulj a kudrav a paysu, simumalj semanguaq aicu a tjakudrang a sengsengan.  

aicu a vaquan a tjakudrang i tjuabar izua 150 a tadjekuacan. ka 2009 a caviljan alu a qiljasan patagilj a semanguaq, ka 2010 a caviljan unem a qiljasan puluq sa alu a qadavan maqacuvung. ka 2011 a caviljan ita a qiljasan puluq sa lima a qadavan namaqacuvung tua masansimusalj a ljenguaqan a sengsengan, tazua a mamaw a qadav kadjamadjaman a puluq a milingan na palisian a liningdjeljan.

==kasizuan==
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://tour.taitung.gov.tw/zh-tw/attraction/details/1272 土坂部落]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>tjalupung</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>172</id>
    <revision>
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      <parentid>11002</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-19T16:17:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/83.11.200.192|83.11.200.192]]（[[User talk:83.11.200.192|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]]的先前版本</comment>
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      <text bytes="3040" sha1="6t6e5mzi5kke1tgqt52bsgqwygl48pf" xml:space="preserve">Tjalupung帽子dju1is紅藜

tjalupung, avan a ravaravain i vavaw tua qulu, sa maqati a kipaselem ta cengelaw, kiljaung ta qudjalj, ika qiljang, masanbulayan, kata paselem tua qulu.

masan liawanga a tjalupung, izuanga a matucu:

==a tjalupung na yakiyu==

mavananga a tjalupunguta, sa neka a kaljaving aicu a tjalupung, kata paravac aza tjalupung a maqati a kipaselem ta cengelaw sa kiljaungu. aicu a tjalupung, izuanga i yakiyu, sa maqati a kipaselem ta cengelaw nu maljaljavaqanga. masa azua a kakudan nua amilika masanliawliawanga i kacauwan tucu, qaw ruquljis a kinemenem tazua a tjalupung na yakiyu, mavan a tjalupung a 鴨舌帽, ljawa namaquljisanga a kinemenem ta kakudan na鴨舌帽nua 英國.

==a tjalupung tua malailaing==

aicu a tjalupung , avananga izuazua i chuku, 朝鮮, viet kata Okinawa kasicuayan, mavan a quliljilj a tjalupung nua malailaing(烏紗帽)uta.

==a tjalupung matu kangkang==

aicu a tjalupung nua vavayavayan, masanliawliawanga izua i amilika ka 1920 a cavilj tua 1933 a cavilj, sa qinati na卡羅琳·瑞邦（Caroline Reboux）nua 法國 ka 1908 a cavilj. azua a ngadan nazua a tjalupung, avan a vinecikan nua kai na法國a “Cloche”, sa avan a pacugan ta “kangkang”.

ka itjaisangas tua 20世紀, tjaljapungadan kata masaliawliaw aicu a tjalupung matu kangkang, pataqilj a liaw a caucau(matu 簡奴·朗萬kata愛德華·莫利紐克斯) tua malang a aicu a tjalupung, sa pacengceng tua ravaravain niamadju aza a kinakemudan na tjalupung. sa, masa aicu a  kinakemudan na tjalupung, izuanga a vaquan a kinakemudan nua quvalj a masanliawliaw, maqati a sedjaljep taicu a tjalupung.

==tjakurung==

aicu a tjalupung a pinaka ta 笠帽, 竹笠, 箬笠kata篛笠uta, sa sinan tua tjaqaca a tjalupung a linipuru na kaw. malap a namalum a kaw tua semeqas tua ceviq, sa masananga aicu a ceviq tua cuqeljay na tjalupung, qaw azua asav nua kaw tuki ceviq a pinizua ta tjalupung, sa sinivengetj na calis. aicu a tjakurung, avan a ravaravain nua nugiuzing kata caucau ta kiciqaw i pasakacedas tua asiya (東亞) kata i pasakacedas a navalj tua asiya (東南亞), sa madjulu a cukaw kata kipaselem ta cengelaw sa kiljaung ta qudjalj. liaw aicu a tjakurung a sinan tua pinuliman, sa madjulu a veneli.

==a tjalupung na situ==

tjinapung taicu a tjalupung na situ, a pinaka ta 學帽uta, inika mamau taicu a tjalupung masa inika mamau ta gakku.

masanliawliaw a aicu a tjalupung nua 制服 na ripun. uri tjemalupung taicu a tjalupung a situ a uqaljaqaljay ka 戒嚴時期 i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], mavan i kituluanga ta sividay, sa inika tjemalupung i gakku ka nakanga a 戒嚴.

tjemapunguta taicu a tjalupung a izuanga a kuga, sividay, kinsac kata malailaing, sa pinaka ta 大盤帽uta, rutjemapung i kinateveteveljan.

izua a zuga matu lagav i tjalupung nua malailaing nua sividay kata kinsac i taiwan, sa pinaka ta “veneciur i tjalupung”, nakanga aicu a zuga i tjalupung nua sividay nua qaqetitan.

==a tjalupung nua sengsengan ta kemesa==

neka a kaljaving tuki kuljakuljay a kaljaving a aicu a tjalupung.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>tjava</title>
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      <timestamp>2022-08-29T09:35:01Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Dradran</username>
        <id>857</id>
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      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
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|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |tjava
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:Gardenia jasminoides1MTFL.jpg|thumb|250px|tjava]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinivecikan na ruvaruvarung
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|''Gardenia jasminoides''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; font-size=&quot;5pt&quot; align=&quot;center| &lt;small&gt;pinapungadan ni J.Ellis&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |zumanga a ngadan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kinakaian na amerika
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |gardenia
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinairangan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |ki-chí(ki-á)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|ciniukuan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |梔子花
|-
|}

makamaza i ljavljav a tja pacucunan sinitalem a makapalingulj tua umaq aicua tjava. sevesevec a ricing, kamayamayan a liljualjuas a asav, vavucelayan saka semalum a vuciar nu kaljatjavan. titjen a sevuculj maljiyan a tja puzangalan a pasavid tua tjava.

tjava, izuazua iteku tua sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i chuku, 中南半島,  ripun, 琉球kata taiwan, avan a rurazek a kedri a kasiw, sa qaca a vuljangaw kata nguljingulj aravac. azua a vangalj a nsikipucemcemel, a kapaz a siurem ta nemanga, sa rutalem ti kacalisiyan.

kasicuayan, izuazua a tjava a tinalem i kacasavan na kacalisiyan, nu venuciar a vuteqiteqilj a vuljangaw, nguljingulj aravac a aicu a vuljangaw, sa tjengelay aravac azua a vavayavayan a kacalisiyan tua alapu ta tjava a vuljangaw, qaw cemekcek ivirilj tua calinga tuki sinantarar.

azua a kasiw na tjava a caljeqilj aravac, sa rusinan tua hang kata tjukur.

i kakudan nua [[Paiwan|paywan]], maqati a alap tazua a kasiw ta sinan qungcuy tuki kizing.

samiling azua a kasiw a tjava, a vuteqiteqilj kata nguljingulj a vuljangaw, avan a nanguaq a cemel i kacasavan, sa pinaka ta “vuljangaw nua paywan” nua zuma.

==patjara sikudakudan nua tjava==
===sipakalevaleva===
kasicuayan a uqaljaqaljay mavan a tjava a si pakalevaleva tua sudju a papusalum.

===sikipasikip===
kemasicuay patjetucu kinatengelayan na vavayavayan a pasikip ta tjava a kialalanga.

===sisankizing===
lja na kudresul saka kezene a ricing, aicua tja kizing a kenutj a civan, kasicuayan tjaliyav a tjava kinasengeseng.

=== sisantuzung===
a ricing na tjava, sedjaljep a san tuzungen na qungcu, na vukavuka kata siqunu.

===siyudreudrem===
azua kapaz na tjava, makaya san siyudreudrem, sini talem a ljemeliyav nua situcuananga a kipusalimaliman taicu a tjava.


==cemecemel==
sinancemel aicu a tjava.&lt;ref&gt;[http://tlpg.hsiliu.org.tw/plant/view/270 梔子花的應用]&lt;/ref&gt;

==pacunu uta==
[[tjevus]] 

==kasizuan==
鄭漢文等，2004，《排灣族民族植物》。臺北：行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P87。</text>
      <sha1>fqyzz82souuaxdruvpoe4e86ucme3kb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tjavuqel</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>174</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11389</id>
      <parentid>5891</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-09-23T13:57:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11389</origin>
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      <text bytes="1621" sha1="4h8z6a8toqq03zp4phzlydy8mt7z68r" xml:space="preserve">==cinalivatan nua qinaljan==

natjemaucikel tia ramaljemeljeng na '''tjavuqel''' tua aicu a sikataqaljan nua tjavuqel a kemasi qadavayan(navinecik ta “hadawayan” na ripun, avan a tucu a “三和” na [[Tjavualji|tjavuali]] i [[Taitu king|valangaw]].). qaw, pasetavat tiamdju ta drularularuq(navinecik ta “curaroaraq” na ripun.), i navalj tua katjavuqelan. natjemaucikel tia ramaljemeljeng tua aza kadjunangan i drularularuq matu “larularuq a kadjunangan” sa pinaka taicu a ngadan. sa uri pasetavat tua qeliqepuan tiamadju.

sa, uri kipalaing a sikataqaljan na tjavuqel tua [[mamazangiljan|mazazangiljang]] a pasetavat ta katjavuqelan. qaw, izuanga a milimilingan imaza: nu mangetjezanga ta katjavuqelan, napacun a sikataqaljan tua veneveneve a vukele tua temapau, sa kinemenem tiamdju tua culj aravac a kadjunangan imaza, sa pinaka ta “tjavuqel”taimaza, qaw namasan tua sikataqaljan a setjavuqel.

qaw nu 1931 a caviljan(民國20年), uri paljavak ta tjavuqel na ripun a sihu, sa pinasetavat a tjavuqel tua kalizukan(tucu a gakku a “賓茂國中”) na ripun a sihu. ljawa, inika palaing a mazangilj tua ripun a sihu, sa amin a pasetavat tua vasikasikaw(liaw a qau izua a kadjunangan) tiamadju. qaw nu cemalivatanga tu pitju tuki alu a cavilj, uri pasetavat ta tucu a kanalung a mula tiamadju, sa izua a tjavuqel a palisian nua mamazangiljang kata palakuan idedt a tucu a ciuru kiukay i [[kanalung]] a mula. natjemaucikel tia ramaljemeljeng tua masa kedrianan a kadjunangan i [[kanalung]] sa inika ljeteku a sikataqaljan a mapuljat taimaza, uri mavacukanan a cawcau sa maqatianga a ljeteku a qinaljan.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>tjevus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>175</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12733</id>
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      <timestamp>2024-10-18T05:28:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* masudjusudju */</comment>
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==tjevus(甘蔗)==
{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |tjevus
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:Saccharum officinarum - Köhler–s Medizinal-Pflanzen-125.jpg|thumb|tjevus]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinivecikan na kisanvaruvarung
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|''Saccharum officinarum''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; font-size=&quot;5pt&quot; align=&quot;center| &lt;small&gt;pinapungadan ni Carl Linnaeus&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |zumanga a ngadan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kinakaian na amerika
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Saccharum
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinairangan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |âng-kam-chià
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|ciniukuan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |秀貴甘蔗
|-
|}

kasicuayan a paqulid azua tja qinuman, izua sakamaya sinipazekatj a temalem tua tjevus a ljemavingan tua vavua kata salingaungaulj.

auza a ngadan nua tjevus a pacugan, avan a “qaljemqem”numaya. izua i kakudan nua [[Paiwan|paywan]], uri qemuma ta temalem a kedri a tjevus i putung tua quma, sa alap tua sipaseljavak tjai aljak nu qemacuvunganga a sengsengan. azua a qaljemqem nua tjevus, inia amin a alju, maqati a midjerenav tua ljemita a varung nua tja kinacemekeljan.


==masudjusudju==
nu puvaljawanga, maqati a pacucun ta alapen a kasiw, [[vavuy]], [[saviki|saviki]], cakel tua kivala tjaia [[vavayan]] nia uqaljay.

nu mangtjezanga tia uqaljay, izua a remaljeng nua vavayan a kasusu, sa alap ta tjevus timadju tua kicevungan tjaia uqaljay. qaw cemekecek a tjevus i qezung tua kakataqedan nua vavayan timadju. aicu a pacugan, avan a qaljemqem sa nanguaq angata a aicu a vavayan.

sa, azua a ita, ita a [[picul]] nua tjevus, avan a vencikan i vuluq kata lima nua rakac uta.

==nu pucekelj==
nu i qadavanga ta pucekelj aza sini rava nua sauqaljai azua inalu, tjara pakaizuayin sakamaya azua tjevus, inika malaulj a drusa qapuluan, palja asav palja kapaz, peniliq tua na ladruq a retegan/ pinuculan mana qaljemeqem. avananga masalu a savavayan tua kiljivakan nua sauqaljay. ayata aicua tjevus nuaya, izua patarevan tua sinipakiamav turi namarekatjengelay a marecekelj, turi pualjak sa namaudalj sa namivadvad tu papirazek tua tacemkemkeljan. ulja tjen a kemeljang taicu a tja kakudan tua pinakazuanan nua ta vavulungan. ulja tja kicualan tjakipaqenatjai a parekiljivaljivak kata namarepaqaljaqaljay a sikudakudan niamadju a tjaisangasangas.

[[sineqetj a vecik:Imperial Encyclopaedia - Plant Kingdom - pic443 - 甘蔗圖.svg|thumb|tjevus]]

[[szy:tebus]]
[[nan:Kam-chià]]

==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P167。</text>
      <sha1>bv5sxrqnawxg1hi6zt8wpic8lc1y6e1</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>tuki</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>176</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>ZabesBot</username>
        <id>374</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: Cleaning up old interwiki links</comment>
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      <text bytes="461" sha1="5kr3j4z6ptgig7e025iy6t56li6utj4" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:BahnhofsuhrZuerich RZ.jpg|thumb|tuki]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:MontreGousset001.jpg|thumb|tuki]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:Automatic skeleton watch.jpg|thumb|tuki]]

aicu a '''tuki''' izua drusa a tulek. laruaruq a ita, drikidrikitj a ita. tja djaljaw a laruaruq, nu taqadaw kin drusa puluq katu kin simatelj a kivalidi. tja gemalju a drikidrikitj, nu taqadaw kin musalj a kivalidi. vaivaik a kemasi ta kadjamadjaman a patje ta masulem, inika semkesekez.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>umaq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>177</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12588</origin>
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      <text bytes="2190" sha1="tnhmb0ag0giao3yel7dyuudiqdv9r7u" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Paiwan 2.jpg|thumb|500x500 px]]
'''umaq''' mana za sinan kaumaqan a tjalja uzayan ta umaq aicu a na umaq a pulaulangan kaumaqan qumaqan aya itjen uta.

== qazavan ==
qaqazavan siniaya a sinipupatarevan ta 
“umaq” ljakua ikanga tjasi qaqivuqivu tucu.

== kiljaljaungan ==
a '''kiljaljaungan''' mana za kakiljaljaungan ta qudjalj ta qadav aya, siny pupatarevan ta “umaq” a pacugan.

== ngadan na [[kinacemkeljan|kinacemekeljan]] ==
ljakua kemasi cuay a sikinemeneman, kumaljy a namakada kinakemudan na liningedjelj a umaq, kana yinia “papungadany” kata neka nu ngadan, inika masan “[[kinacemkeljan|kinacemekeljan]]” kata “kaumaqan”. aicua “umaq” kata “kaumaqan” kemasicuay yita sikinemeneman na sepaiwan pinaparetimaljy, aicua “umaq” nu yinia papungadany kata nekau ngadan, umaq tu umaq, aicua “kaumaqan” asi kinemneman pinaru caucau sa “papungadanyanga”, saka 
masan “na caucauanga a kina cemkeljan”, vanusika pita saluan pinadjadjameqanga kata nasi nua caucau, aicua nasy na caucau kata nasi na kaumaqan tineveljanga sa san yitay, masaluy tjen tu aicua caucau tucu pazangal a kemeljang a pulingalingavan, aicua yita pinaljavakan na sepaiwan a qinaljan a mareka kaumaqan aza “ngadan na umaq” aza patarevan kata masan pazangalan, vanaza siny pukakeljangan ta kinaizuan nua nasy.

== aicu a “umaq na [[kinacemkeljan|kinacemekeljan]]” vana palalaut a kinaizuan ==
aza kinisumaljian kumaljy a na “kinayzuan nua [[kinacemkeljan|kinacemekeljan]]”. saka namasan “vinaikananga umaq”, aza na sini “papungadan ta umaq” kinamayan sa kamaya yiny ka maqulip, amin nu yizuanga caucau a kinacekeljan a tjumaq, 
sa papungadany a mumalj vana maumalj a ngadan na umaq kemasy ta sikalivuan a sekaumalj, vanusika aita sikinemeneman na sepaiwan aicua “[[kinacemkeljan|kinacemekeljan]]” kinateveteveljan na caucau. aicua “umaq” nama lingedjelj a neka nu nasy. aicu a “kaumaqan” vana kakaizuan a palalaut 
na caucau nu valjualjutanan kata nu macayanga, vanusika aicu a sevuculj nu vaik a cemkemkelj tjaru ceveljen a pikaumaqan sakamaya.

== pacunu uta ==
* [[kinacemkeljan|kinacemekeljan]]

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>tnhmb0ag0giao3yel7dyuudiqdv9r7u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>valangaw</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>178</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12608</id>
      <parentid>12607</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-17T18:21:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>/* kaizuan */</comment>
      <origin>12608</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="18151" sha1="ox2txcqji0qmvr4v1urodecl68itnca" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center |'''valangaw a lizuk''' 
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:台東鯉魚山俯瞰市區.jpg|thumb|center|pinapacunan a valangaw a lizuk]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Taitung City.svg|thumb|center|inuan i valangaw a lizuk]] 
|-
|kuni
|taiwan
|-
|tjaljatekuan a gimeng
|[[Taitu king|Taitu king]] (taitung county)
|-
|san kilalaing ta lizuk a caucau
|Chang Kuo-chou (張國洲)
(pacun ta kamakama na guansan
|-
|kadjunangan
|109.7691 km²
|-
|sepaljavak
|sepatj puluq sa unem a li, ita kuzulj kata drusa puluq sa ita rin
(46里1,021鄰)
|-
|caucau


-paljingan
|104,486 a caucau (2021&lt;small&gt;a cavilj tjelu a qiljas) &lt;/small&gt;
40,307 a paljingan
|-
|kinamamamavan tua vavavan nua gadu
|tjelu puluq sa pitju a maru vavavan tadjekuacan
|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|950
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10014010
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|puyuma, tjavualj
|-
|}

'''taitu hici/valangaw a lizuk''' (’inamizukuan: Pusung; pinuyumakan: Pusungan; binununan: Pusung; pinairangan: Tâi-tang-chhī; nginaingayngan: toiˇ dungˊ sii), avan nu tjaljaqacavan a hici nua i [[Taitu king|taituking]]. imaza i pasakacedas tua makaljaving a vecekadan nua [[Taitu king|taituking]], a i tjaikacedas mavan a taipinyang (ljavek na pacific), a i pasanavalj mavananga a i [[Taimali|tjavualji]], au i kaledep kata viri nakidjekec tua [[Beinan|puyuma]].

izua tu 110 km² a pulingetjan nua kadjunangan. (ma’linpan kadjunangan 0.47 km², ma’linaule kadjunangan 1.09 km²). izua tu tapuluq kudraw sa lima kuzulj a caucau, mavan a tjaljatjuruvuan a caucau nua sincency pakata pasakacedas a kadjunangan i taiwan. au izua tu papamaw a caucau napusiki imaza i taitu hici. 

==paljavak tua kadjunangan==
matja 46 qinaljan i Taitung. matja 20 qinaljan imaza, Apapuro (高坡部落), Pasawali (巴沙哇力部落), Ining (伊濘部落), Falangaw (馬蘭部落), Asiroay (阿西路愛部落), Pusong (布頌部落), Alapanay (阿拉巴奈部落), Karoroan (加路蘭部落), Matang (馬當部落), Katatipul (卡地布部落), Kasavakan (射馬干部落), Puyuma (普悠瑪部落), Papulu (巴布麓部落), Kalaluran (卡拉魯然部落), Fukid (新馬蘭部落), Pongodan (大橋部落), Sihodingan (常德部落), Kakawasan (石山部落), Siafulungay (建農部落), Pakurung (巴古崙部落) .

==cinalivatan==
katjaljasangas valangaw avan nu kakaizuanan na puyuma zuku kata amizuku (pangcah/caucau se amis), ljakua ika miljengeljengel a sikac imaza. ka uranda djiday kata tjaisangas a cinting a djiday, valangaw kata zuma a kadjunangan i pasakacedas nua taiwan a qivu tua “puyuma”, au izuanga pairang mamamaza a patjatjauvalit racev. ti uranda sauing tu paljilji taza na djemadjas ta sengesengan a kamakama ayatua izua liaw king imaza, saka malivulivu kata puyuma zuku i lidja (利嘉) qinaljan kata tayan (泰安) qinaljan. tucu izua padjengi anan ca cuqelalj na sicuayan a uranda sivitay i valangaw sangasangasan a caceveljan.

tucu a taitu hici mavan a sicuayan a amizuku a qinaljan qivu ta “bawsang/posong” aya. ka cin dawkuang (道光) a djiday, izua pinpu silaya (西拉雅) zuku kemaizua maza tu pitju a cavilj, ljakua sinika secevung kata puyuma zuku, saka minuli pakizua sa namatjevetjevelj tiamadju a patjavat pasaviri. ka cin sianvung (咸豐) a cavilj, aza pairang ti 鄭尚 kemasi vangliaw patje maza a lemindjelj ta qinaljan, saka patjatjauvalit racev kata kacalisian. au izua tjatjuruvu a pairang patje maza, sa temulu puyuma zuku tua qemuma, manasika mula imaza. ka cin tungze (同治) a cavilj, izuanga 28 a paljingan, qivu ta “bawsang zuang” (寶桑庄).

ka 1875 a cavilj lemingdjelj ta binanting (卑南廳). ka 1886 a cavilj, ti kamkama 劉銘傳 zemurung a pavalitan tua kinapangaljan a paljavak, saka taiwan masan a sen (省), au pavalitan a binanting tua taitucelizu (臺東直隸州), katjaisangas ta ripun djinadjas a taiwan, pavalitan tua “nansiangsindje” (南鄉新街). au taiwan siveciq sasipavay ta ripun, qivu ta “binan dje” (卑南街), ljakua aicu binan dje ika mamaw kata binan qinaljan, binan dje avan nu pairang a kinaizuanan, au aza binan qinaljan avan nu kacalisian a qinaljan, mavan angata tucu na puyuma zuku a qinaljan. ka 1919 a cavilj icigac puluq sa lima qadaw pavalitan tua “taitudje” (na sihu a kubung 5), sipatevel taituting a pasanavalj a guan (南鄉). ka 1944 a cavilj ziunigac ita qadaw sualapen a binancung sipatevelj ta taitutje (臺東街) (na sihu a kubung 326), aicu tjaljavililjan a inumalj na ripun sihu i taiwan a kinapangaljan a paljavak.

ka 1945 a cavilj, tjuka minku sihu djemadjas i taihuku. pavalitan siqivuan tu “taitucen”, sipatevel taitu kingsihu. aza izua angata binanzuang (卑南庄) patjatjaw vadaying, au ceviqen ta licy (利吉), vuyan (富源) kata vusan (富山) aicu tjelu a kadjunangan i pasaviri a taitudje, saka linindjelj ta binan guan. ka 1974 a cavilj ziugac tapluq a qadaw, au sipatevelj lja vukang (富岡), yanwan (岩灣), puyuma (南王), sinyuan (新園),tjinsin (建興), nanlung (南榮), binan (卑南), djipun (知本), vungtin (豐田) kata kasavakan (建和) a mula aicu drusa kudraw a caucau pasa ta taitucen. ljakua ika pavalitan ta ngadan, ayatua siqepu tu djemalung puluq kudraw a caucau namasan ta hici i king, au mata 1976 a cavilj icigac, taitucen namasan ta “taitu hichi”.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=o51dUAncfVk| 台東鎮改制為縣轄市] [[台視影音文化資產|台視影音文化資產]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://tth.taitung.gov.tw/files/11-1000-575.php| 轄區概況 台東縣台東戶政事務所生活服務網]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;《發現古地圖: 城市的起源》，臺東市公所全球資訊網 網際網路檔案館的[https://web.archive.org/web/20091124050757/http://www.taitungcity.gov.tw/livinginthecity%280%29.htm%7C 存檔]，存檔日期2009-11-24.&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|sincency (行政區)
|-
|1915~1919
|臺東廳卑南街 taituting binandje
|-
|1919~1920
|臺東廳臺東街 taituting taitudje 
|-
|1920~1937
|臺東廳臺東支廳臺東街 taituting taituciting taitudje
|-
|1937~1945
|臺東廳臺東郡臺東街 taituting taitudjin taitudje
|-
|1945~1946
|臺東縣臺東區臺東鎮 taituking taitucy taitucen
|-
|1946~1976
|臺東縣臺東鎮 taituking taitucen
|-
|1976~
|臺東縣臺東市 taituking taitu hici
|}

== kamakama ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|sazazatj
|kamakama
|izuanan malji pakeljang
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |kemasi 1945 mata 1975 a cavalj 
|-
|1 sangasangasan
|吳金玉
|sihu a leminglin
|-
|2 sikamasanmusalj
|郭金龍
|daihiu a na sinkiw
|-
|3 sikamasan tjelulj
|周森
|pakata sinkiw
|-
|4 sikamasan simatjelj
|周伸興
|
|-
|5 sikamasan limalj
|張振雄
|
|-
|6 sikamasan nemel
|黃禮
|
|-
|7 sikamasan pitjulj
|莊丁波
|
|-
| colspan=&quot;3&quot; |kemasi 1976 a cavalj
|-
|1-2 sangasangasan kata sikamasanmusalj
|莊丁波
|
|-
|3-4 sikamasan tjelulj kata sikamasan simatjelj
|李輝芳
|
|-
|5 sikamasan limalj 
|劉宇
|
|-
|6 sikamasan nemelj
|李輝芳
|
|-
|7-8 sikamasan pitjulj kata sikamasan valulj
|賴坤成
|
|-
|9-10 sikamasan sivalj kata sikamasan simuluq
|陳建閣
|
|-
|11-12 sikamasan simuluq saka ita kata sikamasan simuluq saka drusa
|張國洲
|tucu
|}

==kadjunangan==
aza valangaw imaza i pasakacedas a navalj tua taiwan. nakitangez tua gadu sa i ljaving ta ljavek mavan a ladruq saka lusepitj a kinalangan nua kadjunangan a hici. 

a i kaledep nakidjekec tua gadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan kata puyuma, au i pasakaledep a navalj izua djipun (知本) pana masan patjatjukudain na valangaw kata na tjavualji a pana a paljaljaqedi. a i viri nakidjekec tua ljavek a gadugaduan, saka i viri kicaing ta heyva (黑髮) pana dideq kata puyuma. a i tjaikacedas na kicevung tua taipingyang. pakata a kadjunangan imaza i pasanavalj a ljavek a gadugaduan, i pasakacedas a gadugaduan i vecekadan tua taiwan. maka ljaviljaving kemasi viri patje navalj tu 19.8 km. au pakata pana kemasi viri pasa navalj izua binan pana, taipin (太平) pana, lidja (利嘉) pana kata djipun pana seqaljudj mataipinyang. saka namasan ta lizulizu aicu a valangaw a kadjunangan. au aza liyu (鯉魚) gadu avan nu tjaljavavavan a sinipukeljang a gadugadu, saka maqati a ljemizaw tua i valangaw. valangaw avan ta taidu lizulizu pakata binan pana. nu kaljaljaljeqelan izua pazangal pasakacedas ma viri a kemaledep, ljukua qineceng pakata vecekadan a gadugaduan kata ljavek a gadugaduan, au valangaw imaza i pakaljaviljaving ta ljavek i kacedas a navalj tua taiwan, a kalevelevan secevung kata semeljec a maseljec a kaliusan a ljavek, sika na sudjusy nu kaljaljaljeqelan, avanusika i valangaw a kalevelevan semezan tu kemaledeledev.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;14&quot; |valangaw pakata kalevelevan penapamapamaw ziriu
|-
!qiljas
!icigac
!nigac
!sangac
!sigac
!gugac
!lukugac
!sicigac
!hacigac
!kugac
!ziugac
!ziuicigac
!ziunigac
!itacavilj
|-
!a tjaljaqacavan a sezaman °C (°F) 
|23.2
(73.8)
|23.8
(74.8)
|25.4
(77.7)
|27.8
(82)
|30.0
(86)
|31.8
(89.2)
|32.6
(90.7)
|32.2
(90)
|31.3
(88.3)
|29.4
(84.9)
|27.1
(80.8)
|24.3
(75.7)
|28.2
(82.8)
|-
!a ljemita qadaw papamaw a sezaman
°C (°F) 
|19.7
(67.5)
|20.2
(68.4)
|21.8
(71.2)
|24.1
(75.4)
|26.4
(79.5)
|28.3
(82.9)
|29.1
(84.4)
|28.8
(83.8)
|27.7
(81.9)
|25.8
(78.4)
|23.6
(74.5)
|20.8
(69.4)
|24.7
(76.5)
|-
!a tjaljakedrian a sezaman ​°C (°F) 
|17.1
(62.8)
|17.5
(63.5)
|19.0
(66.2)
|21.3
(70.3)
|23.7
(74.7)
|25.2
(77.4)
|26.2
(79.2)
|26.1
(79)
|25.0
(77)
|23.2
(73.8)
|21.1
(70)
|18.3
(64.9)
|21.8
(71.2)
|-
!a sikudjaljan ​㎜ (英⁠寸) 
|30.5
(1.201)
|40.2
(1.583)
|40.5
(1.594)
|65.6
(2.583)
|155.9
(6.138)
|227.8
(8.969)
|270.5
(10.65)
|302.0
(11.89)
|344.6
(13.567)
|182.3
(7.177)
|79.2
(3.118)
|40.5
(1.594)
|1,779.6
(70.063)
|-
!a salenean (％) 
|71.4
|73.1
|73.7
|75.2
|76.7
|77.7
|75.8
|76.0
|76.5
|72.5
|70.8
|69.3
|74.1
|-
!lemita ta qiljas a siqadavan a milingan
|95.8
|83.6
|104.2
|115.0
|143.4
|188.7
|245.1
|219.4
|160.6
|150.4
|119.1
|102.5
|1,727.8
|-
| colspan=&quot;14&quot; |aicu ziriu pavavaw kemasi cungyancisiyangcy
|}

==caucau==
*kemasi 1974 a cavilj, nu matevelj a valangaw a lizuk kata qinaljan se puyuma gu, manasika papeliav a caucau imaza.

{| class=&quot;toc&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:100%&quot;
!nu cavilj a maumalj a pipenuljatan a caucau i valangaw a lizuk&lt;sub&gt; (1946 a cavilj mata 2020 a cavilj)&lt;/sub&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://tth.taitung.gov.tw/files/11-1000-324-1.php |title=本所各鄉鎮市歷年人口數及原住民數統計 |publisher=臺東縣臺東戶政事務所 |accessdate=2020-05-17 |archive-date=2016-03-20 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160320205706/http://tth.taitung.gov.tw/files/11-1000-324-1.php |dead-url=no }}&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;{{Cite web |url=https://www.moi.gov.tw/files/site_stuff/321/1/month/m1-10.xls |title=各鄉鎮市區人口數 |publisher=內政統計月報 |format=XLS |date=2020-02-10 |accessdate=2020-05-13 |archive-date=2020-05-01 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200501062349/https://www.moi.gov.tw/files/site_stuff/321/1/month/m1-10.xls |dead-url=yes }}&lt;/ref&gt;

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center; width:100%&quot;
!cavilj
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |1946 a kacavilj
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |1947 a kacavilj
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |1948 a kacavilj
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |1949 a kacavilj
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |1950 a kacavilj
|-
!caucau
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''19,707'''
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |22,661
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |23,271
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |25,831
|-
!cavilj
!1951 a kacavilj
!1952 a kacavilj
!1953 a kacavilj
!1954 a kacavilj
!1955 a kacavilj
!1956 a kacavilj
!1957 a kacavilj
!1958 a kacavilj
!1959 a kacavilj
!1960 a kacavilj
|-
!caucau
|30,999
|34,442
|36,891
|39,204
|42,009
|43,995
|46,303
|48,261
|50,833
|53,422
|-
!cavilj
!1961 a kacavilj
!1962 a kacavilj
!1963 a kacavilj
!1964 a kacavilj
!1965 a kacavilj
!1966 a kacavilj
!1967 a kacavilj
!1968 a kacavilj
!1969 a kacavilj
!1970 a kacavilj
|-
!caucau
|56,147
|59,247
|61,849
|65,211
|67,841
|69,799
|71,112
|72,429
|75,863
|76,737
|-
!cavilj
!1971 a kacavilj
!1972 a kacavilj
!1973 a kacavilj
!1974 a kacavilj
!1975 a kacavilj
!1976 a kacavilj
!1977 a kacavilj
!1978 a kacavilj
!1979 a kacavilj
!1980 a kacavilj
|-
!caucau
|77,679
|78,772
|78,892
|108,803
|111,801
|'''112,010'''
|111,647
|111,192
|111,018
|-
!cavilj
!1981 a kacavilj
!1982 a kacavilj
!1983 a kacavilj
!1984 a kacavilj
!1985 a kacavilj
!1986 a kacavilj
!1987 a kacavilj
!1988 a kacavilj
!1989 a kacavilj
!1990 a kacavilj
|-
!caucau
|110,721
|111,312
|110,702
|110,747
|111,206
|110,461
|109,358
|108,258
|108,127
|108,196
|-
!cavilj
!1991 a kacavilj
!1992 a kacavilj
!1993 a kacavilj
!1994 a kacavilj
!1995 a kacavilj
!1996 a kacavilj
!1997 a kacavilj
!1998 a kacavilj
!1999 a kacavilj
!2000 a kacavilj
|-
!caucau
|108,086
|108,353
|108,606
|109,189
|110,095
|110,921
|111,646
|111,060
|111,039
|110,941
|-
!cavilj
!2001 a kacavilj
!2002 a kacavilj
!2003 a kacavilj
!2004 a kacavilj
!2005 a kacavilj
!2006 a kacavilj
!2007 a kacavilj
!2008 a kacavilj
!2009 a kacavilj
!2010 a kacavilj
|-
!caucau
|110,894
|110,899
|110,916
|110,920
|110,690
|110,559
|110,204
|109,839
|109,576
|108,870
|-
!cavilj
!2011 a kacavilj
!2012 a kacavilj
!2013 a kacavilj
!2014 a kacavilj
!2015 a kacavilj
!2016 a kacavilj
!2017 a kacavilj
!2018 a kacavilj
!2019 a kacavilj
!2020 a kacavilj
|-
!caucau
|108,310
|107,720
|107,316
|106,929
|106,759
|106,368
|105,960
|105,573
|105,202
|104,803
|-
|}
|}

==papupaysu==
pakata taitu hici a siubaybayan imaza i ayaw ta kingsihu, zungzen (中正) djalan kata zungsan (中山) djalan, sinsen (新生) djalan kata zunghua (中華) djalan. lja sualapen ta sicuayan a kisiya a disiaba, sa ika temalidu anga imaza. au kingsihu pavalitan ta sasekezan kata papavelian a kakilalaingan kata kakivanvangan pakata kisiya a djalanan. ka 2015 a cavilj, maumalj pavalitan a lemindjelj tua basu a disiaba kata siutai (秀泰) a papacunan ta iga, sa ika vaikvaikanga pakata masantjelulj a sengesengan. lja liaw mareka zidusiasia macevung mamaza, mumalj madjumak au cemikel siubay kata kasiuljayan imaza i dudut a tiehua (鐵花) djalan kata sinsen djalan. ljakua imaza i atalashi a kisiya a disisba ika anan mirazek a mareka siubay, amin kasiuljayan kata kisedjam a utubay aicu a sengesengan. pakata racev izua paday, kidray, yuzilu, ljaisip, umi, kamudraw, tjavuvuk kata djulis. au pakata kiciqavan, i sikiljaving na kiciqaw tu mizalek a vukang (富岡), lja izua macevung a maseljec a kaliusan a ljavek imaza, sa liaw a kiniciqavan. 

===tataleman===
nanguaq a qinuman izua paday, kamulaw, tjavuvuk (野草莓) se pairang, djulis, kata zuma. aicu a siniveli.

===kakiciqavan===
fukang i causi a marecevucevungan, sa maqati a kiciqav tua liav a ciqav imaza. icibacibang a caciqavan aicu a quzang kata zuma.

== kakituluan ==
izua drusa puluq sa ita a kukumin gakku. izua drusa a daigakku. izua kituluan ta tja kai se kacalisian i daigakku a valangaw.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|大專院校
|daigaku
|-
|國立台東大學
|na sihu taidu daigaku 
|-
|國立台東專科學校
|na sihu taidu siumung sengsengan gaku
|-
|高級中等學校
|kaucung a gaku
|-
|國立台東高級中學
|taitu kaucung a gaku
|-
|國立台東女子高級中學
|na vavayan kaucung a gaku i taitu
|-
|國立台東大學附屬體育高級中學
|na pakata undu kaucung a gaku kitjeljc sihu taitu daigaku
|-
|國立台東高級商業職業學校
|na sihu taitu tatuluan ta pakada kemuda pavelid a sengsengan a gaku
|-
|台東縣私立公東高級工業職業學校
|kuzing kungdung tatuluan ta pakata kuba a sengsengan a gaku
|-
|台東縣私立育仁中學高中部
|kuzing yuren kaucung a gaku
|}

==kakipucemelan==
izua lima a kakipucemelan i valangaw a lizuk.
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|衛生福利部臺東醫院成功分院
|kakipucemelan a taitu nua wyvupu
|-
|臺北榮民總醫院臺東分院
|kakipucemelan a taitu nua taipaq rungmin biuing
|-
|台東馬偕紀念醫院
|taitu matje biuing
|-
|台東基督教醫院
|taitu gidutjaw biuing
|-
|台東聖母醫院
|taitu sanmu biuing
|}

==iyubingkiuku (yuzeng)==

===sasupuan na iyubingkiuku===
950 a sasupuan na iyubingkiku se valangaw a lizuk.

==remayurangan==
inuan a remayurangan, izua kinafaragaw (ayain gadu a puyuma uta, 鯉魚山), sakuban (qinaljan a puyuma), kata zuma.
&lt;gallery&gt;
台東市活水湖.Jpg|
臺東鯉魚山.jpg|kinafaragaw
TRA Old Taitung Station Platform 2 and National Taitung University 20050707.jpg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==sipacacikelan==

===palidring a djalan===
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW9.svg|24px]] sikamasansivalj a palidring a djalan na taiwan (izua djalan a kemasi ta kalinku a patjemaza i valangaw; izua djalan a pasanavalj itua taiwan) 
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW9b.svg|24px]] sikamasansivalj-B a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW11.svg|24px]] sikamasansimuluq saka ita a palidring a djalan na taiwan (djalan a pasakacedas a ljavek a patje kalinku)
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW11b.svg|24px]] sikamasansimuluq saka ita-B a palidring a djalan na taiwan
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW194.svg|24px]] sikamasan 149 a palidring a djalan na valangaw (taitung king): kemasi ta katratripulr (zhiben) a patjemaza i valangaw a lizuk
*[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW197.svg|24px]] sikamasan 197 a palidring a djalan na valangaw (taitung king): kemasi ta puyuma (beinan) a patjemaza i valangaw a lizuk

===kisiya djalan===
izua pukisiyan i valangaw a lizuk.

====djalan a valangaw====
*ljaljevavavan a valangaw

====djalan a pasanavalj====
*ljaljevavavan a kangle
*ljaljevavavan a zhiben

===basu===
*'''pubasuan i lizuk a valangaw'''
*'''basu a puyuma'''
*'''tingtung basu'''
*'''kukang basu'''

===gungkang===
maqati makagungkang a kemasi ta fugang a puvarukuran a patje pongso no tao kata lekto.

===hikuki===
izua puhikukiyan, '''ljaljevavavan ta hikuki i valangaw a hikuziyw''', i valangaw a lizuk.

==djamay==
&lt;gallery&gt;
Rice Plants (IRRI).jpg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

* [https://web.archive.org/web/20161230105210/http://www.ris.gov.tw/346 內政部戶政司全球資訊網]
* [https://web.archive.org/web/20170705043614/http://www.apc.gov.tw/portal/docList.html?CID=812FFAB0BCD92D1A 原住民族委員會全球資訊網統計資料]

[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasakacedas]]</text>
      <sha1>ox2txcqji0qmvr4v1urodecl68itnca</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>valeng</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>179</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12728</id>
      <parentid>12727</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-17T08:15:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12728</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3964" sha1="ii8r7axds24jjircpz9qiqx7jznlmby" xml:space="preserve">kasicuayan ka nekanan nu pingsiang i qinaljan, kudain a penadjeng a vutjulja nu ayaitjen, aven anga a velang a namasan papadjengan tu vucutj i pasanavalj ta se Paiwan, patjetucu aicu a venaleng namasan paravac saka sanguqan anga tua kakanen nua senavalj tua se [[Paiwan]].

==kudain nu venaleng==
azua tjauculjuin a vutjulj puqatianan tu pacengceng, sa duveci tua adradj a pinuqatianan, sa pasa tua kapua tuki galasu a kana, pai maqati anga pakacuacuain a liaw a cavilj, nu namasan paravac a [[qadaw]] nu izua qaljaqalja patjevutain anga aicu a valeng sasan siavianga.

==lemikezalj==
aicu a veleng sedjalep ita kaljaqudjaljan kata kakavuceleljan, tjaljasanguaqan a siyaw ta sin vasa kemsan a adradj. ita namasan pazangal a palisian, nu izua qaljaqalja i tjumaq, nu qemaljaqalja tua qaljaqalja i qinaljan tjalja sanguaqan tua kakanen aicu a valeng. a valeng namasan sikipucemcemel uta nua vavayavayan nu na pualjak. aicu a valeng namasan paravac a ravac tua kakanen i pasanavalj tua se [[Paiwan]].

==valeng a “siraw” nua amizuku==

valeng, izua a ‘inamizukuan a “siraw”. nadjemaung a amizuku a lami, izuanga a ciqaw, pias, vutjulj kata vangvang, sa maqatianga a sinannguaq. kasicuacuayanga, mauram ta kakanen, sa sinanpazangal taicu a lami. nakemananga a caucau, sa uri naqivu tiamadju tua nu izuanga a siraw, maqati a nakakan tua ita a kisi a kinsa. inika nakeman ta siraw tuqadavan kasicuayan, mavan a tjaljapazangal a lami i padausi kata patalidu.

===semanvaleng===

kasicuacuayan, amin a cemulju tua kakanan nu izuanga a pazanagal a pacugan, masa inika madjulu a inalapan tua vutjulj, sa uri kiceviq ta vutjulj tua semanvaleng. nu semanvaleng, uri papetad ta vutjulj kata puqatia (maqati a pazaljuan ta vawa, paday, ljameljam, 蒜 a pasusu ta kakudan), sa inika mamau ta zikang tua djemaung a vutjulj nu maretimalji a kinaqadavan. azua a vutjulj tua semanvaleng, mavan a cemuljuculju kaizuanan, saka maqati a sanguanguaq.

===a palisi tua semanvaleng===

uri kipapaulingaw ta palisi nu semanvaleng a siraw, matu inika semanvaleng a liaw a zengzengan i lima nua caucau, kata nu mecevung ta saqetjuan, maqipel, tuki madjaq, uri seljekuya sa vangculanga ta siraw.

==valeng a “siraw” nua tayaruzuku==

valeng, izua a ‘intayaruzukuan a “Tmmyan”, kata “Cinm'mian” uta, mavananga a tjaljaparavacan a lami nua tayaruzuku, izuanga vutjulj, qatia, vawa, paday. kasicuacuayanga, nekanga a pingsiang, sa uri sinanvaleng ta sinannguaq a vutjulj na tayarzuku, aza a valeng a namesuakanga, uri sanguanguq aravac kata kinatjengelayan a taqaljaqaljan. 

[[File:Salt pork by Tayal, tmmyan, May 2018.jpeg|thumb|Tmmyan]]

===cinalivatan===

neka a pingsiang kasicuayan, izuazua a [[tayaruzuku]] i gadugaduan, masa karakudakuda tiamdju imaza, uri mazengzeng aravac tiamadju, sa kinasaljinga ta qatia niamadju. ljawa, izuazua a tayaruzuku i gadugaduan, inika madjulu kinasaljinga ta qatia, kata inika madjulu a sinannguaq a qatia uta. saka, semanvaleng a tayaruzuku tua sinannguaq a vutjulj, ika vangculanga ta vutjulj, kata maqati a kinasaljinga ta qatia nia taqaljaqaljan. saka, maqati a semanvaleng tua ika piteval ta vutjulj ka naka a pingsianganga.

===semanvaleng===

nu semanvaeleng a Tmmyan, kinasaljinga ta vuljulj, paday tuki [[vaqu]], kata qatia. sa ika makesa ta paday tuku vaqu, qaw inika lumeljak aza a lami. sangasangasang, qinatian (‘intayaruzukuan: smcimu) azua a vutjulj tuki ciqaw tazua vengin nu semanvaleng, kata maqezet a qaciljay, sa djemaung (‘intayaruzukuan: tmami) nutiaw. nu semanvaleng, uri djemaung a vutjulj kata zuma a djamay. a susuan tua semanvaleng, sangasangasang, uri papizuanan a djamay iteku, sa papizuanan a vutjulj tuki ciqaw, matu kipasusu matucu tua djamay kata vutjulj. nu papizuanan a vutjulj ivavaw tua nadjemaung a djamay, sa papizuanan a nacempuanga a kaljavuan ivavaw taizua, kata maqezet a liaw a qaciljay izua sa qemeljepetj, saka qemacuvunganga a semanvaleng.

==pacunu uta ==
* [[vaqu]]
* [[djulis]]</text>
      <sha1>ii8r7axds24jjircpz9qiqx7jznlmby</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>valulju</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>180</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10621</id>
      <parentid>10606</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-05T13:31:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniuu</username>
        <id>338</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.163.198|79.163.163.198]]（[[User talk:79.163.163.198|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:ZabesBot|ZabesBot]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>6906</origin>
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      <text bytes="2273" sha1="b524qunbxr8d8bs5clcwvg2zrfk90zu" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |valulju
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:Dendrocnide meyeniana.jpg|250px]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinivecikan na ruvaruvarung
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|''Dendrocnide meyeniana''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; font-size=&quot;5pt&quot; align=&quot;center| &lt;small&gt;pinapungadan ni (Walp.) Chew&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |zumanga a ngadan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kinakaian na amilika
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Lipa
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kai a sakizaya
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |lidateng
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|ciniukuan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |咬人狗
|-
|}

izuazua a valulju i [[Pilipinas|pilipinas]] kata maruqalu, namapavalitan a cemecemel i vecekadn a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. masa uri minvalak azua a qaljic nu macelecel ta djuy na valulju, sa pasemalawanga tia ramaljemaljeng tjanuitjen: “nu qemudjaqudjalj, maya kiqilja ta qudjalj sa ljatuku ta kasiw; qaw nu macelecel taicu a cemel, sa maqati a semuricing ta cuqus na qailjuay sa djemuas ta qetim na qailjuay tua naminvalak a kinacavacavan, sa ini’a saqetjuanga.”

kasicuayan, uri semanpazangal a paiwan i pasakacedasan taicu a valulju nu semanmaqacuvucuvung; uri djinukul naicu a asav na valulju a ramaljemaljeng tua kaqunuwan, sa kipaqadilj a kaqunuwan tua kilutud. nu inika rukiqadilj a kaqunuwan sa kacuin na matjaljaljak tua venewa kata patekel tua sikataqaljan. saka, uri patavungen ta kaqunuwan a mamazangiljan kata pulingaw tua papaulingaligaw tjaiamadju nu napasaliw tiamdju.

navenecik ta ngadan na qinaljan a “馬奴爾社” i qatupu a “台東州採訪冊” avan a ngadan naicu a cemel a valjulu, qaw napasetavatanga a qinaljan ta bulibulusan (嘉蘭) na kinzang i [[Taitu king|taitu]] tucu.

==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P190。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>vaqu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>181</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12470</id>
      <parentid>12469</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-14T05:25:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* masalut */</comment>
      <origin>12470</origin>
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      <text bytes="4049" sha1="fyrjzr4tgqqpbekv0wnaq50xakk85up" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |vaqu
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:小米.JPG|thumb|vaqu|220px|center]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinikeljang ta cemel kata kasiw
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|界
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Plantae
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|演化支
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Tracheophytes
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|演化支
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Angiosperms
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|演化支
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Monocots
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|演化支
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Commelinids
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|目
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Poales
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 科
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Poaceae
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|屬
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |''Setaria''
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 種
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |''S. italica''
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinivecikan na kisanvenaruvarung
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|''Setaria italica''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; font-size=&quot;5pt&quot; align=&quot;center| &lt;small&gt;pinapungadan ni (L.) P. Beauvois.&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |zumanga a ngadan
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |
|-
|}
[[sineqetj a vecik:Vaqu.jpg|thumb|vaqu]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:Setaria italica MHNT.BOT.2015.34.19.jpg|thumb|''Setaria italica'']]

'''vaqu''' (Setaria italica), namasan pazangal aravac a talem i [[kacalisian]] i [[Taiwan]]. na semantjukez tua vaqu i Vuculjan.


==milimilingan==
izua a [[milimilingan]] kasicuayanga, izuazua a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] i tavaljan, sa maqati a kemesa a drusa tuki tjelu a vaqu tua liaw a kinsa. izua a macidjlj a vavayan a kemasi ljevavaw a [[qinaljan]], sa puvaljaw taizua a tavaljan. ika kemeljang timadju taizua, sa kemesakesa timadju a liaw a vaqu. qaw mapeljupeljuq auza a vaqu a kinsa. sa mapeljuqanga i tjumaqan. mintjus azua a vavayan, sa mavilad timadju tua qezung. ljawa maculjuanga ta cungal nimadju aza a vaqu a kinsa, sa malaqut kata seman tua qayaqayan timadju, qaw miperper timadju sa “kedring, kedring” ayain.

==masalut==
nu semancavilj, azua a vaqu kata sutjaw mavananga a kemazala tua padjalim nua caucau, sa pazangal aravac a vaqu kata sutjaw uta tuqadavan. a tjaljapazangalan ta vuqu izua i kai nua [[Paiwan|paywan]]. azua a tjumaq nua kalaingan i kakudan a pinaka ta “vusam”, avan a vusam na vaqu. qaw izuazua a namanguaq a caucau a sipasemalawmalaw tua kanu ta vaqu a ljemita a qadaw tjiamadju. nu puvaljaw tuki pasakuya i kakudan nua paywan, izua papavay a kinacemekeljan kata qaliqalian tua vaqu, vawa, aradj kata kasiw.


==sikavaljutan==
nu kivaqu a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]], uri kemeretj tiamadju tua ingaw nua vaqu, sa gemegemen a lima niamadju. qaw venengetj a vaqu tua tadjaljeng na qaljic na viljuaq nu kuletjanga a vaqu. sa izuanga a liaw a tadjaljeng a vaqu, masan tua tjaliaw a taveljiut a vaqu. ljemama uta a kacalisiyan ta ingaw nua vaqu tua palisi kasicuayan, a pinaka ta “semingilj”. pazangal a vaqu tua kakanen i kakudan nua paywan, nu kemudakudaanga, uri qinemu tua vaqu ni kacalisiyan, sa cemavu ta vutjulj kata [[cinavu]] na ljavilu, qaw cinavu na asaw nua ngat tuki kaljiljac isasaw. sa kemesakesa tazua. aicu a kakanem a pinaka a “cinavu”.

namasan pazangal aravac a vaqu tua talem i kacalisian. aicu a vaqu katalu tjalja sinan pazangalan nu lamian.

===kinakemudakudan===

===pinavadavadayan===

===kasicuayan===

===zazumanga===

==pacunu uta ==
* [[djulis]]
* [[lukuc]]

[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasaviri]]

==kaizuan==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P71。</text>
      <sha1>fyrjzr4tgqqpbekv0wnaq50xakk85up</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>vatu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>182</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11250</id>
      <parentid>11249</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-29T09:30:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dradran</username>
        <id>857</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11250</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4180" sha1="o1bxjhwj3jlzcx1gw8ebhi3upqz4dy1" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#FFD1A4; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |vatu 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:Coat types 3.jpg|250px|center]]
|- style=&quot;background:#FFD1A4; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinikeljang
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|界
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Animalia
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|門
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Chordata
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|綱
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Mammalia
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|目
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Carnivora
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|科
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Canidae
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|屬
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |''Canis''
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|種
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |''C. lupus''
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|亞種
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |''C. l. familiaris''
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#FFD1A4; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinivecikan
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|''Canis lupus familiaris''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; font-size=&quot;5pt&quot; align=&quot;center|(Linnaeus, kacaviljan a 1758)
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#FFD1A4; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |zumanga a ngadan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kinakaian na amerika
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |dog
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinairangan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |káu-á
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kai a sakizaya
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |wacu
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|ciniukuan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |狗
|-
|}

'''vatu(狗)'''

==milingan na vatu==
kasicuayan, garavagavan a vatu inika paquziquzipen, izua tu itaqadaw, vaik a sema cemecemel a [[cinunan]] manu padjumak tua djaljau angata garavagavan, maulau isauniuni. manu kinemenem a cinunan tu nu izuacu a garavagavan uri maqeljing angata timadju, a pusaladj a qemaljup ta qemuziquzip, kinemnem tu kudain a qemaljup tu masa niamadju. keljangen niamadju tu pusequ ta zua qemuziquzip. seman qavay sa vengetji tua quvalj a ladruadruq, sa pavengetjan a pitua ricing nua kasiw, pai manu a qemuziquzip maveca sa vaik a keman tuazua qavay itua ricing nua kasiw, kavililj anga masan qali anga nua caucau sa papungadani anga tu vatu.

===milingan tuki tjaucikel i kaljaljau na vatu===
kasicuacuayanga, izuazua a macidilj a uqaljay kata vavayan a macidilj a napinaljak na djilung, sa papuvaljawanga tiamadju tua pualjak ta caucaw na paiwan. saka, nakemeljanganga a taqaljaqaljan nua kuljailjau ta aljak nua a vavayan a lumamad na djilung kata vulung timadju. kasicuacuayanga, izua a tjelu a djilung mavan a king kata vuteqiteqilj, sa namacugcug a vatu ta djilung, qaw macekas azua a djilung sa izuanga a macidilj a vavayan a lumamad. nu maqacuvucuvunganga azua a vavayan a lumamad sa napuvaljaw kata vulung, qaw pinualjak ta matjelu a uqaljay niamadju. azua a kilaingan mavananga a mazangilj na kuljaljau, a djaljedjalj avananga a mazanglj na qapedang, qaw aza a aljak a sikamasantjelulj a mavananga a sivalitan nua pulingaw.

izua a tjaucikel i kuljaljau, a sivalitan niamdju a kemasi i kacedas tua kaledep tua taiwan sa izuaga a qinaljan niamadju imaza. qaw kasicuacuayanga, izuazua i kurasaru tiamadju; sa izua a matjelu a qacuvucuvung a uri vaivaik tua cemuljev ta qaqaljupan kata kemikim ta kadjunangan ta temapaw. qaw nu mangetjezanga aza vatu kaizuanan sa gemiring tiamdju, ika vaivaik. saka, uri semanumaq tiamadju ta sikamasanitalj a umaq izua, a pinaka ta kuljaljau imaza, a sikamasanitalj a umaq niamadju a pinaka ta girhing uta.

sa marivurivu tia marekakakaka a matjelu sa vaivaik tiamadju, uri semanumaq tiamadju a macidilj; ljawa matjiljivanan a umaq niamadju: a umaq na djaljedjalj a pinaka ta qamuli, qaw a umaq na a aljak a sikamasantjelulj a pinaka ta radan. aicu a tjelu a ngadan na umaq mavananga a nagdan nua mamazangiljang i kuljaljau, sa uri namasanqapuluan a kaljaljau imaza.

==milimilingan==
a ita milimilingan vatu a na zemang ta qacilu na qadav.


==pacunu uta==
* [[gung]]


&lt;!--Interwikis--&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>veneve</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>183</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12606</id>
      <parentid>11224</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-17T18:20:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12606</origin>
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      <text bytes="838" sha1="fuqeecbx5o9d8ek3sxhx7h3ojxuj3k6" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:202204 Germination-dicotyledons.svg|縮圖]]
'''veneve''' (ljinautjian: 發芽) nu aya, mavan azua veneve ta asaw a vat nua paday a kemasi tua qipu. 
pay azua sinitalem ni vuvu i pupadayan nu na veneve, avan azua makeljan tu uri pulami tucu a cavilj.

nu veneve anga, mavan a meqacaqaca a vat tuki vusam, kata meqacaqaca azua a 真菌 a kemasi 孢子, sa kudrakudranga tiamadju (azua a kasiw). rupacunanga tazua a veneve a kasiw, avan a lemun tua vat nua kasiw a 被子植物 tuki 裸子植物 sa masan tua kasiw. ljawa, azua a kasiw a kemasi a 孢子 a pinaka tua veneve uta, matu meqaca a 菌絲 a kemasi a 真菌孢子. saka, nu meqacaqaca a kedrikedri a nemanga tuki kudrakudranga a 生殖細胞, mavan a pinaka tua veneve uta.

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasakacedas]]</text>
      <sha1>fuqeecbx5o9d8ek3sxhx7h3ojxuj3k6</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>viljauljaul</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>184</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11456</id>
      <parentid>9977</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-10-16T12:32:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11456</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1731" sha1="rtn0hob1ihm0w22uhps0ycbvfnf8fac" xml:space="preserve">==cinavalitan nua qinaljan==

viljauljaul, aza a ngadan niazua a qinaljan mavan a qasiw a “vilaw”, qaw masanliawliaw izua aicu a qasiw sa papungadan a “vialwlaw”taizua. qaw papungadanuta a “比魯”tazua a qinaljan ka chukuanan, sa lemingedjelj ta 比魯a mula. kemasi [[padain]] nua [[makazayazaya]] i qakaw a caucaw na viljauljaul, qaw vinaday na ripun a sihu a sikataqaljan nua viljauljaul tua karaluran i [[Taitu king|valangaw]] tucu ka ripunanan. qaw, ka 1954 a caviljan(民國43年), teveteveljan a viljauljaul,  kaljadaran( izua i sicevud nua pana a tjavuali) kata zuma a drusa a qinaljan i vukid imaza i kadjunangan tucu.

izuazua a lima puluq sa ita a paljing i viljauljaul, azua a matayday a unem a puluq sa ita a cawcau a kinavadavadayan izua, izuazua a matayday a lima a puluq sa sepatj a kacalisiyan mavananga a 96% nua pinenuljatan na caucaw. qaw, izuanga a sepayw (76%), serukay(19%) kata sepiyuma(1%). a sevalitan nua viljauljaul a kemasi [[padain]] i qakaw(tucu a padain na makazayazaya i qakaw) sa pasetavat tua viljauviljal, sa pasetavat ta kuma’an ka valjaka a sihuanan. ka 1941 a caviljan, teveteveljen nua [[Dripun|ripun]] a sihu a tjuljitjuljik, viljauljaul kata [[paumeli]] i lizukan i karaluran na valangaw tua paljavak. qaw, ka nateveljanga aicu a tjelu a qinaljan sa pinaka ta “比魯”a mula. qaw teveljen a “比魯”a mula kata “介達”a mula tua “介比”a mula ka 1941 a caviljan(民國50年), sa pinaka tua “正興”a mula ka 1973 a caviljan(民國62年).

masa sangasangasang a pasetavat a “介達”a mula taimaza, sa idedet aza qinaljan a kemasi djalan. qaw masa tjaviriljianga a pasetavat a “比魯”a mula taimaza, sa izuazua i vavaw tua calisilisian na gadu.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>zakilj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>185</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12700</id>
      <parentid>11112</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-15T05:45:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* pacunu uta */</comment>
      <origin>12700</origin>
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      <text bytes="3132" sha1="64axlm2pbsa6sddnz1zla9nk2zw2u4n" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |zakilj
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:Starr_020925-0129_Boehmeria_grandis.jpg|thumb|250px|zakilj]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinivecikan na ruvaruvarung
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|''Boehmeria nivea''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; font-size=&quot;5pt&quot; align=&quot;center| &lt;small&gt;pinapungadan ni (L.) Gaudich.&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |zumanga a ngadan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kinakaian na amerika
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |ramie
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinairangan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |toē-á(thú-moâ )
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|ciniukuan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |苧麻
|-
|}
==zakilj(苧麻)==
tjengelay ta sariqsiqesiq a tjevetjeveng a kadjunangan, izua cemuvuq a kinmadju, izua sinitalem. nu mezangal namaya ta caucau a kinaqaca.

zakilj, izauzua i ciuku, pilipinas, 印度, malaysia, 玻里尼西亞kata [[Taiwan]], avan a kedeikedei a kasiw, tjaqaca tua drusa a vavavan a maru tadjekuacan.

ka neka a 人造纖維i tjaqinaljan, azua a zakilj mavan a camel a tinalem nua tapaljingan, sa alapen ta qaljic na kasiw, pasa tua viljukuy, remesi, lemumay, qaw parimasudj, sa maqati a semancalis, a sinanlingay tua djemameq ta sacemel i gadu, kata sinan ta makaliljaw nua vavayan.

ljawa, nu macepeliv ta kakudan nua paywan, macepeliv tua sicepuan uta, sa ika a temalem ta zikalj tucu. tucu, pazangal angata tua karim ta tinalem a zakilj.

azua a zakilj a sinancalis, pinaka lekelek na [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]]. aicu a zikalj, ika amin a seman tua makaliljaw, kava, maqati a seman tua sikau nua tjakit uta, sa rucukaw taicu a camel.

ljawa, izuanga a 現代織品, sa nekanga aza lekelek.

izua a tjaucikel a naqivu tazua, nu ramaljengmaljeng a pacun ta kavulugan i gadu, sa qivu tjai kavulugan:“uri kemelay aken tjanusun, sa alap tazua a neka a caucau. ”

qaw nu sikelay tua calis nua [[Pairang|pairang]], ika ljemaui azua a kavulugan；nu sikelay tua lekelek, sa maqati a kemelay a kavulugan tazua a neka a caucau. izuazua a tjaucikel patjetucu.

==patjara sikudakudan nua zakilj==
===sisanelekeleken===
kemasi ta tjemuljak sa tjemulji sa cemuy sa drasi tu masan lekelekanga.
===sisanesikauyin===
ayata sulapelj saka kezeng, madjulu a uramen, sedjaljep a teqicen tu sanesikauyin.
===sinan viaq===
nukemapalisi a malada, izuasakamaya lekelek, sinan pazangal a viaq.
===sitjenutjenun===
kanekanan a situngan, cemalis ta lekelek sa temenun, makayang maneqaday, maneitung, manesicauvan.

==tjepal==
aicu a lekelek sinancalis a kemasi tua zakilj, celjisin a semudjamiang azua aljic nua zakilj sanamare lekelek. 

==pacunu uta ==
* [[vaqu]]
* zakilj
* [[lukuc]]
* [[ljavucuvucu]]

==kasizuan==
鄭漢文等，2004，《排灣族民族植物》。臺北：行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P203-204。</text>
      <sha1>64axlm2pbsa6sddnz1zla9nk2zw2u4n</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>zuga</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>186</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10969</id>
      <parentid>6910</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-15T09:04:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Akamycoco</username>
        <id>21</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>10969</origin>
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      <text bytes="1460" sha1="g4uigp36s39542e31egczsft37qwukw" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Mona Lisa, by Leonardo da Vinci, from C2RMF retouched.jpg|thumb|ti Mona lja Lisa|right]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:Fan Kuan - Travelers Among Mountains and Streams - Google Art Project.jpg|thumb|180px|Gadu kata Veljeljuan]]

a ljavaran na sepaiwan neka nu pakata “zuga” kata “zemuga” a kakaiyan, aicu a “zuga” a “zemuga” a kay, tinavelak asitja [[Dripun]] a ljavaran, sa seljudji a pazulju ta tja kay 
a se Vuculj. qau na masan tja kay anga vaquan a Vuculj.

==zuga kata vecik==
a “zuga” kata “[[vecik]]” na masan ngadan a inavecikan, ljakua nu tja igaljuin a papapiliq a venarung, izua sika maretimalji a patarevan. a “zuga” maqati tu zuga. a “vecik” na masan tjaliyaw a mamaw a patarevan. paru vencikan a 
kasiw, vencik na itung, vecik itja djeljep, pukeljang ita kasiw ata qaciljai, sinan vecik na gimeng, vecik ita kaviaqan na [[pulingaw]], vecik i mudingan na se Taiyan… vecuk tjayain. katje patarevan a masan liyaliyaw a patarevan na kacalisiyan, inia masanitalj a pakazuan sakamaya.

== zemuga kata vencik ==
a “zemuga” kata “vencik” namasan tadjalan tu katjngadanan, madadungdung a patarevan ljakua izua sikamaretimalji. a “zemuga” avan a seman zuga, a “vencik” avan a vencik ta kasiw, semanvecik, vencik ta itung, vecik a semanzuka... a na masan liyaliyaw a kakudanan. a “zemuga” pasedjaljepan tu semanzuka, ayatua asita Zipun pasevaliten ta ciniukukan sa pasevalitan tu kay na paiwan.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Main Page</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>195</id>
    <redirect title="sitjumaq na sapitj" />
    <revision>
      <id>7697</id>
      <parentid>7685</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-04-16T22:07:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hasley</username>
        <id>212</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/Ckxkxkxkdk|Ckxkxkxkdk]]（[[User talk:Ckxkxkxkdk|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Sotiale|Sotiale]]的先前版本</comment>
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      <text bytes="36" sha1="rebiehpf6xcdno8dqi74nlmt6punwaj" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[sitjumaq na sapitj]]</text>
      <sha1>rebiehpf6xcdno8dqi74nlmt6punwaj</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sameci</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>200</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11751</id>
      <parentid>10800</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-02-10T20:59:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>YiFeiBot</username>
        <id>1118</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: Migrating 1 langlinks, now provided by [[d:|Wikidata]] on [[d:q2729601]]</comment>
      <origin>11751</origin>
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      <text bytes="543" sha1="mr3y0a35tc7277xyqlwez8qev8k0hx5" xml:space="preserve">masanliawliaw a aicu a sameci izua i kadjunangan, matu a ljasaras. sa, rualap taicu a marekacemecemel avan a sameci kata kamuta a [[Paiwan|paiwan]] tua kemesa ta pinaljacengan kata sansiaven.
kacuayananga, uri kacuin a sikataqaljan ta tjelu a veljiut a vaqu sa pacek ta asav na lumad nu sikamasanmusalj a qadaw nu masuvaqu. qaw nu penalisianga sa kemesakesa tua vaqu a qinasaqasaw kata sameci. nu nakemananga taicu a qinasaqasaw sa maqatianga a keman ta zuma a ljaceng. saka, pazanal aravac a sameci izua i camecemel a kakudan nua kacalisiyan.</text>
      <sha1>mr3y0a35tc7277xyqlwez8qev8k0hx5</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ljameljam</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>201</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11752</id>
      <parentid>11376</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-02-10T20:59:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>YiFeiBot</username>
        <id>1118</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: Migrating 1 langlinks, now provided by [[d:|Wikidata]] on [[d:q35625]]</comment>
      <origin>11752</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="532" sha1="n89un8u1fli4lzxj7d3bqo3xb45wteu" xml:space="preserve">masanliawliaw a '''ljameljam''' i maretimaljimalji a kuga na namasanculjucalju a kinaqadavan, sa namsanpazangalan a qapuluan kata [[cuqus|cuqus]] a makataladj ta kadjunangan nua marekatalem tua papucemel kata kinesa na [[Pairang|pairang]]. sa rutalem a [[Paiwan|payuwanzuku]] ta ljameljam uta a makapalingulj ta tjumaq, sa sinancemel tua pucemel ta mangilu a picul kata semukungay.
==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P283。</text>
      <sha1>n89un8u1fli4lzxj7d3bqo3xb45wteu</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>valjangatju</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>202</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12707</id>
      <parentid>12706</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-15T08:58:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12707</origin>
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      <text bytes="1081" sha1="2ud0z3ksaxqsivfq4pgnboe5xjufyqa" xml:space="preserve">valjangatju, mavan a mirazek a kasiw kata naka nu quvis ivavaw tua kasiw. qaw masanliwliaw a valjangatju i gadugaduan itjainavalj tua taiwan kata ipasakaecedas ta navalj tua asia.

nu katjaisangas tua [[kaljavevean]], uri cempis a kacalisiyan tua ledjeledje a asav na valjangatju, qaw ljemuciljuc taza a asav sa sinansiav, tuki sinikesa tua pinuljacengan, qaw maqati uta a venceluq ta ledjeledje a asav kata ricing na valjangatju sa pinivavaw tua vasa nu kemesekesa. nu kemesanga ta vasa sa maqati a kemakan ta valjungatju uta.

ljakua, napakeljanganga tia [[vuvu]] tjanuitjen ta : “izuanga a duku nua valjangatju nu tjaivililj tua zemung i kaljavevean, sa inika maqati a kanen.” sa uri masaluanga itjen taicu a kakaian nua ramaljengmaljang, sa uri meliawliaw aza a valjangatju.

qaw caljeqil a kasiw na valjangatju, sa sinanrukaruka kata tuzung nua [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]], sa uri sinanhang kata kizing uta na kacalisiyan.

==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P78。</text>
      <sha1>2ud0z3ksaxqsivfq4pgnboe5xjufyqa</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>vinlan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>203</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11198</id>
      <parentid>10356</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-29T06:56:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dradran</username>
        <id>857</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11198</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="209" sha1="7ywfrkan4zs3a78mgw34gomhzz5d231" xml:space="preserve">pasaviri aicu a '''vinlan(芬蘭)''' (Finland; Suomi) a kunian tua awciu/iyurupu (Europe) i tua kaviriyan.


[[File:Flag of Finland.svg|thumb|Flag of Finland|alt=Finland]]
[[File:EU-Finland.svg|thumb|Finland]]</text>
      <sha1>7ywfrkan4zs3a78mgw34gomhzz5d231</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>likuljaw</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>204</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11209</id>
      <parentid>10785</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-29T07:55:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dradran</username>
        <id>857</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11209</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1958" sha1="kx32kxrf3djwwhpz2fo91qpry48s63h" xml:space="preserve">[[File:LeopardusBrachyurusWolf.jpg|thumb|250px|right|]]

'''likuljaw(雲豹)'''
nakisumalji a likuljaw na sacemel i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], sa pinaka likuljaw tuki likuljav na paiwanzuku. masanliawliaw a likuljaw i cemecemel na [[Kavulungan|kavulugan]] kasicuayan, sa saljinga tiamdaju ta pacacikel kata ljevavaw ta kasiw a kimadju. saka, maruljavigan a likuljaw ivavaw i kasiw tua djemavis tua drail, vutj kata qayam；uri qemilja tiamadju ivavaw i kasiw tua kemaljavaljava ta takec kata venan a cunavalit iteku ta kasiw sa djemavis a kemac ta liqu na sacemel sa kemakan tjayamadju.

==kasicuacuay a cinavalitan== 

pasusangas tua tjelu a kuzulj, nasedjumak a hakasi tua kasicuyanga a qinaljan sepuyuma sa pacunanga ta tjelu a caucaw kata sacemel a lalang mavan a pacevelj izua i qaciljay a lukulj. aza a acemel a lalang avan a tjaljasangasangasang a nemanemanga a patjara likuljaw.

==pacugan na kakudan==

napacunanga a caucaw ta likuljaw i qucalj mavan a pitju a puluqanga a cavilj a ramaljemaljeng. masa mekedrianga a likuljaw, sa uri patjavang ta mamazangiljan a cinunan nu qemaljupanga ta likuljaw. napacunanga ta sicuayan a siasing nua paiwanzuku, izua a qaljic na likuljaw a makaya a sankavain. sa amin a mamazangiljan a makaya ta kemava ta qaljic na likuljaw tuki tjemalubung ta qaljis na likujaw na pagumac i paiwanzuku mavan a sinisanparavac tua mamazangiljan.

qaw maretimalji a pacugan nua likuljaw na kakudan i mareka qainiljan. uri sinisanparavac ta likuljaw na paiwanzuku a kemasi kacedas sa uri seljekuya a qinaljan nu qemaljup a sikataqaljan ta likuljaw.

qaw izua a senay itua qinaljan, uri semenasenay kacalisiyan a matatucu: “drusa likuljaw、drusa likuljaw ……”, ljakua nekanga a likuljaw tucu, sa qatjaw a sinisingelitan nua kacalisiyan aicu a senay ta likuljaw tucu.

==kaizuan==
1.[http://210.240.125.35/citing/citing_content.asp?id=1928&amp;keyword=%BBO%C6W%B6%B3%B0\ 臺灣原住民歷史語言文化大辭典網路版-臺灣雲豹]</text>
      <sha1>kx32kxrf3djwwhpz2fo91qpry48s63h</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>anna karinina</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>205</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12592</id>
      <parentid>12290</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-17T18:11:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12592</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="598" sha1="ahvwp14xw789cma9kgjdc3zy5g5qii6" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:AnnaKareninaTitle.jpg|right|thumb|250px|aicu a sunatj a &quot;anna karinina.&quot;]]
sinantjaucikelan ni liu tulstuy (Leo Tolstoy) a rusanvenecik a serusiya (Russia) aicu a &quot;anna karinina (Anna Karenina).&quot;

== sipaumaljan a zuma a kai ==
=== sipaumaljan a kai nua amilika ===
*izua za &quot;''Anna Karénina''&quot; a pinaumalji ni nasan dul (''Nathan Haskell Dole'') selizuk a nuiyuk (''New York: Thomas Y. Crowell &amp; Co., 1887'')
*izua za &quot;''Anna Karenin''&quot; a pinaumalji ni kunstans garnit (''Constance Garnett'') selizuk a lunden (''London: William Heinemann, 1901'')

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>ahvwp14xw789cma9kgjdc3zy5g5qii6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Finland</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>206</id>
    <redirect title="vinlan" />
    <revision>
      <id>6306</id>
      <timestamp>2021-11-11T02:54:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Iyumu pinapapigagiljigilji anga a lisadayan na sapitj kemasi ta [[Finland]] a patje [[vinlan]]</comment>
      <origin>6306</origin>
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      <text bytes="24" sha1="qkyqkn8cxmrqplrxmvfos5z0k04gp6e" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[vinlan]]</text>
      <sha1>qkyqkn8cxmrqplrxmvfos5z0k04gp6e</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>1984</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>207</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12293</id>
      <parentid>12021</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T13:58:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <origin>12293</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1366" sha1="ax4mg9z6vftdf5yzc8m2ecg5kyxapqj" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#FF9797; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |1984
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|rusanvenecik
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |djurudji urewil 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|sivecikan a kai
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |kai a amilika
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kakunian
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |ingelend (''England'')
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|sasupuan a sapitj
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |328
|-
|}
sinantjaucikel aicu a &quot;'''1984'''&quot; ni djurudji urewil (''George Orwell'') a rusanvenecik a kemakaian a amilika tua sunatj. pinaqecevan a lalevan (siaya a ''Utopia'' nua kai a amilika) naicu a tjaucikel.

==tjinaucikelan==
tjinaucikelan ni rusanvenecik taza sunatj a &quot;1984&quot; a [[qinatian]] a kacauan i pasuvilivililj tua caviljan a 1984. maqaqeciqeci a maretimalji a [[qinaljan]] a kuka tazua. sa kitjalatjalaw a tjuruvu a sikataqaljan tua sinikilailaingan a sihu. manasika nekanga a suljivatjan tazua. na maqeljecem aza pupiculan a masantjelu a paljavak tua kinacauan. azua tja kineljangan a ''Oceania'', ''Eurasia'' katua ''Eastasia'' a matjatjelu a pinapungadan tazua sinipaljavakan. a itua ''Oceania'' izua pinaljavakan a ''Airstrip One'' (pasusangas a siniaya a ''Great Britain'').</text>
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  <page>
    <title>tjuqulj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>208</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12498</id>
      <parentid>12497</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-24T09:50:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* cinavalitan na tjuqulj */</comment>
      <origin>12498</origin>
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      <text bytes="1525" sha1="9tht34x2oal0ijqo47chq3w0gmmhj6j" xml:space="preserve">==tjuqulj(相思樹)==
nu napcunanga a paiwanzuku ta venucivuciar a tjuqulj sa kemeljanganga tiamadju taizuanga a pias nua gang. aicu a ngadan pacugan naicu a kasiw a tjuqulj mavan a caljeqil a kasiw aya, sa maqatianga itjen tua pucungu. nu mavacukanga a [[kacalisian|kacalisyan]], uri temalem ta tjuqulj tiamadju i qumu sa culj a kadjunangan, qaw uri masengseng tiamadju tuquma tu pida cavilj.

==cinavalitan na tjuqulj==

navenecik i likisi nua [[Tailiku|ciuku]]: “izuazua a cemecemel idedet ta cilasoaq, sa izunga a liawliaw a kasiw uta idedet ta marekaqinaljan nua tapuluq kata alu a sikataqaljan. qaw pinak tjuqulj a “cyokuozu” nua paiwanzuku na paliljaw kata pinaka a “Toru” nua amiszuku, sa uri sinanpazanagal taicu a kasiw niamadju. qatjaw nakemeljanganga timadju ta maqati a sinikuda aicu a kasiw, sa paveliveli tua zuma tuki matjatjawvalit.”

sa nakinemenem ti Kano Tadao(鹿野忠雄) tua : “izuazua a tjuqulj i luzon(呂宋島) kasicuacuay, sa masanliawliaw i [[gaduan]] na vecekadan i navalj a pasakaledep sa papeted ta cemecemel i calisiyan uta. uri kemacu a paiwanzuku ta tjuqulj nu semamaza tiamadju tua taiwan, qaw izua a kudrakudral a tjuqulj i rikiri a qinaljan itjainavalj sa maqati a pakeljang tjanuitjen tua quma na qinaljan izua a kasicuacuayan. qatjaw nu semamaza a kacalisiyan sa kemacu taicu a tjaljapazangal a kasiw tiamadju.”

==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P197-198。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>lizuk a lamtaw</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>209</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12299</id>
      <parentid>12298</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T14:03:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* palidring a djalan nua lamtaw */sineqetj a vecik</comment>
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      <text bytes="3082" sha1="s7v19yg6e8dly4d9nq21hxoqhs7ska1" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''lizuk a lamtaw'''

(Lâm-tâu-chhī)
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[File:Paifang in Jhongsing Village, Taiwan.jpg|center|250px]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[File:Nàmthèu - Lâmtâu - (Nantou, Nantou County).svg|center|250px]]
|-
|-
|kakunian
|tayuan
|-
|na tjaivavaw a pangaljan na kaizuanan
|lamtaw king
|-
|pangaljan na kaizuanan
|izua 34 a li, 814 a lin
|-
|sasusuan ta pasalavaan na kadjunangan
|71.6021 km²
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|sihu
|-
|kalaingan
|宋懷琳
|-
|lalaingan ta semanrarasudjan a tjaivavaw
|lamtaw kusiu
|-
|lalaingan ta semankakuletan a tjaivavaw
|lamtaw gikai
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|sasupuan ta caucau
|-
|sinisupuan ta caucau
|ma 98,540 a caucau (sinisupuan na kaqiljas a 9 na kacavilj a 2021)
|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku
|540
|-
|sasusuan na umaq a vecik
|10008010
|-
|tjuljivaran ta guan
|[[cawtun]]
|}
a i pinaljavakan nua lamtaw king aicu a lizuk a lamtaw. pasakaledep a viri tua lamtaw king. kinaizuanan a sihu nua tayuansing kasicuayan. penuljat ta sasupuan nua pasalavan a kadjunangan a lizuk a lamtaw izua qadjaw a 71.6 km².

==kadjunangan==
[[sineqetj a vecik:NantouCityDowntownOnBaoweiMt.JPG|center|thumb|600px|]]

==cinalivatan==
===pinapungadan=== 
kemasi tua qinaljan nua searikun aicu a pinapungadan a lamtaw nuaya. kasangasangasan a tja mapacunan tua siaya a lamtaw a i tua vavecikan nua tayuanhu nu i kacaviljan a 1695.
==sipacacikelan==
neka nu ljaljevavavan tua kisiya imaza i lamtaw lizuk.
===palidring a djalan===
[[sineqetj a vecik:Nantou County Government bus stop 20110716.jpg|thumb|right|250px|ljaljevavavan a sihu nua lamtawking tua basu.]]
====palidring a djalan nua tayuan====
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW3.png|23px]] sikamasantjelulj a palidring a djalan nua tayuan

[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW3a.png|23px]] sikamasantjelulj sa A a palidring a djalan nua tayuan

[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW14b.png|23px]] sikamasansimuluq sa sepatj-B a palidring a djalan nua tayuan

[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW14d.png|23px]] sikamasansimuluq sa sepatj-D a palidring a djalan nua tayuan

[[sineqetj a vecik:TW PHW76.svg|23px]] sikamasan 76 a palidring a djalan

====palidring a djalan nua lamtaw====
[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW139.svg|23px]] sikamasan 139 a palidring a djalan nua lamtaw

[[sineqetj a vecik:TW CHW150.svg|23px]] sikamasan 150 a palidring a djalan nua lamtaw

[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt11.png|23px]] sikamasansimuluq saka ita a palidring a djalan nua lamtaw

[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt13.png|23px]] sikamasansimuluq saka tjelu a palidring a djalan nua lamtaw

[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt15.png|23px]] sikamasansimuluq saka lima a palidring a djalan nua lamtaw

[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt16.png|23px]] sikamasansimuluq saka unem a palidring a djalan nua lamtaw

[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt18.png|23px]] sikamasansimuluq saka alu a palidring a djalan nua lamtaw

[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt20.png|23px]] sikamasanmusapuluq a palidring a djalan nua lamtaw

[[sineqetj a vecik:TW THWnt21.png|23px]] sikamasanmusapuluq saka ita a palidring a djalan nua lamtaw

===basu===</text>
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  <page>
    <title>sakudra</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>210</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11114</id>
      <parentid>11102</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-26T18:32:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/83.11.191.203|83.11.191.203]]（[[User talk:83.11.191.203|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Praxidicae|Praxidicae]]的先前版本</comment>
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      <text bytes="868" sha1="6w6ed616901c56tqrpfeegpgc2o52f0" xml:space="preserve">==djuis==

uri pinaka djuis na paywanzuku taicu a kasiw. masanliawliaw a djuis izua i [[Dripun|ripun]], riukiu(琉球), itjaivililj tua ciuku kata cemecemel na taiwan i tjaljiqaca a kemasi drusaiday tua tjeluiday a gadugaduan.

kacuacuayanga, natemalemanga na paywanzuku ta djuis i kacasavan tua sinipacun. nu veneciyar a djuis itjaisangas tua kaljavevean, natemalidu aravac a qinaljan tuki umaqan, sa namaqati a kacalisiyan a kemakan ta vanaglj nua djuis nu namalumanga a vanaglj.

tucu, natemalem ta liawliaw a djuis i makadjalanan na kakivangavangavangan i gadu, sa sinitalem tua paka ta djalan. masa tjengelay aravac a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] tua djuis, sa uri pinapungadan ta vavayan a patjara djuis niamadju.

==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P94。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ljapicupicul</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <timestamp>2022-09-23T13:28:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
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      <text bytes="1240" sha1="i1teb8ppczueu3o7kg6nvsdyml8xyc3" xml:space="preserve">'''ljapicupicul'''(山藍)
mavan a kedrikedri a kasiw aicu a ljapicupicul, sa masanliawliaw a ljapicupicul i [[Dripun|ripun]], riukiu(琉球), itjaivililj tua ciuku, vitnam(越南) kata gadugaduan na [[Taiwan|taiwan]] iteku tua sasusuan ta vavavan na katjunangan. a pacugan na ngadan nua ljapicupicul mavan a “picul” na piniculan.

izua a liawliaw a ljapicupicul iteku tua cemecemel na [[Taiwan|taiwan]], masa rutjeveng a kasiw na ljapicupicul, ini’a madjulu a metad, sa sekaman aicu a kasiw iteku nu cemapacapa ta vasa. qaw nu minecelaq a ljapicupicul sa uri venelidvelid ta vasa a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]].

nakemalianga ta belung sa pudringayanga a [[cinunan]], sa uri pivavavaen a ljapicupicul ta dringay. maqati a pivavavaen a ricing na ljapicupicul ta asav, ljakua ini’a rukiqadilj ta dinulat na sacemel a ljapicupicul; madjulu a alapen taicu a kasiw, saka maqati a sedjaljep ta malang ta dringay. nasedjumak a [[cinunan]] ta uri kemakan a drail ta namalum a vangalj na ljapicupicul, mavan a kakanen uta nua drail.


[[File:Chinese rain bell (60512).jpg|thumb|ljapicupicul]]
==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P59。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>nginaingayan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>213</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10822</id>
      <parentid>10714</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T12:46:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.230.38|79.163.230.38]]（[[User talk:79.163.230.38|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Daniuu|Daniuu]]的先前版本</comment>
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      <text bytes="1042" sha1="m86c88etzpzhfhm6wml9y8uj5o64k99" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Map of sinitic languages-en.svg|thumb]]
{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:light; width: 270px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#C4E1FF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |'''nginaingayan'''&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;''Hak-kâ-fa'' katua ''Hak-kâ-ngî''&lt;/small&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kakunian
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |tayuan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|sikiljavaran nua mapida a caucau
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | ma 212 ban a caucau
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|vavecikan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | ''Pha̍k-fa-sṳ''
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#C4E1FF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |pinakakaizuanan nua vinarungan tua kai
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; text-align:left; font-weight:light&quot; |sinutibit (&lt;small&gt;''langues sino-tibétaines''&lt;/small&gt;)&lt;br&gt;kai a ciniukukan &lt;br&gt;kai a ''hakka''&lt;br&gt;nginaingayan
|}
sikiljavaran nua caucau a ngaingay i [[Taiwan|tayuan]] aicu a nginaingayan. tja kineljang uta a haka (''Hak-kâ'') taza nginaingayan.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>quway</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>YiFeiBot</username>
        <id>1118</id>
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      <comment>Bot: Migrating 1 langlinks, now provided by [[d:|Wikidata]] on [[d:q11176835]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="1400" sha1="bgvew8n2etha847dyijr37932t4302y" xml:space="preserve">izuazua aicu a '''quway''' a kemasi iteku ta vecekadn a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], mavan a nakemerap a vawdj. masanliawliaw a quway i cemecemel na [[Taiwan|taiwan]] kacuayanga, aza ngadan nua kadjunangan a “curuquay” mavananga a sinicuayan a siqaivuan na “竹坑村”nua sizigu i akaw tucu, azua a pacugan naicu a ngadan avan a “liaw a quway izua”. ka ripunanan, maqati a sipaveli na quway tua pavelit ta nemanemanga kaizuanan.

maqati a [[kakanen]] taicu a ljulis avan a ledjeledje a cuqus nua quway, sa maqati a sivengetj tua sialangan kata qeluz na quway a vawdj, maqati a sinancalis tua tjemelju uta. ljakua rualap tua cempu ta parekan tuki vakar aicu a quway. masa semanpazangal taicu a kasiw a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]], saka rualap ta quway nu vaik a sema ta qemaljup a uqaljaqaljay.&lt;ref&gt;鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P255。&lt;/ref&gt;

==cinavalitan==
kasicuayanaga, izua a venecikan na ciuku tua ngadan na qinaljan a “豆羅拐社”i tjavuali, mavananga a“tjuruway”sa aza a pacugan nua tjakai avan a liaw a quway izuazua i qinaljan. qaw izua i “嘉蘭村”nua kinzang a qinaljan tucu.&lt;ref&gt;鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P255。&lt;/ref&gt;

==kaizuan==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>valjevalj</title>
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      <text bytes="909" sha1="ls4q88t7fuz3tb2mw0ly2wrhbugkjpq" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:山棕Arenga engleri 20210512173507 14.jpg|縮圖|318x318像素|valjevalj]]
masanliawliaw a valjevalj iteku ta sasusuan tua vavavan na kadjalanan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. aza ledjeledje a cuqus na valjevalj, maqati a kakanen kata sinansiav. nu venuciyar a valjevalj, nguljingulj a aravac sa liaw a qatjuvutjuvi azau, qaw tjengelay aravac a drali kata cia ta kemakan taza malumanga a vangelj na valjevalj.

sa rualap a kacalisiyan taicu a masanliawliaw a kasiw a asav tua sinansuapan kata sinankappa kasicuayan, sa maqati a kemaljap tua cuqus na valjevalj tua seman ta silisililj uta. qaw uri semuricing sa alapen ta asav na valjevalj a kacalisiyan uta, sa uri sinancalis na kacalisiyan tua venengetj ta vaqu tuki djulis a asav na valjevalj.

==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P83-84。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>citengseng</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <id>374</id>
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      <text bytes="249" sha1="puimrml1kcm1vvcq69inukh0rw6d9on" xml:space="preserve">[[Miauli king|semiauli]] nua i [[Taiwan|tayuan]] a rusanvenecik ti '''citengseng''' tua tjaucikel, vavecikan tua kavaljutan, katua senay. kiningadan aicu a citengseng a pinapukeljang aza kisansemupu tua sunadju nimadju.

==pinakavecikan tua sunatj==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>djalunay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <timestamp>2024-07-17T09:57:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* djalunay(土蜜樹) */</comment>
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      <text bytes="866" sha1="fbyl3yb2de1leqih73wwasj0owzm4fm" xml:space="preserve">==djalunay(土蜜樹)==


“djalunay”aya taicu a kasiw tia [[vuvu]] setjavuqel.

masanliawliaw a djalunay izua i tjainavalj ta ciuku, indiya, plipinas, kata iteku ta sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], mavananga a kedrikedei a kasiw aicu a djalunay.

sa pinaqenetjan nua vuvu tua vangalj na djalinay, avan a liawliaw a vangelj nua djalunay, matu taydayanga a vangalj izua. sa maqati a cempis a cawcau taza vangalj tua sinantamadang na kuwkuang, saka uri sinanpazangal nua kacaliyan ka kakedriananan aicu a kasiw i qinaljan. qaw tjangelay aravac a kacalisiyan taza kasiw na djalunay uta, masa inika madjulu a macemu aicu a kasiw nua djalunay.
[[File:Bridelia stipularis 4.jpg|thumb|djalunay]]

==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P65。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>puljesek</title>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: Migrating 1 langlinks, now provided by [[d:|Wikidata]] on [[d:q162795]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="805" sha1="tn21x2x4dhd6zx1dg4bgnizavruk6we" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Oxalis corniculata 162203939.jpg|縮圖]]
'''puljesek(酢漿草)'''

rupacunanga taicu a cemel nu venuciyar ta quljangaljangas a hana i paketjaw kata [[vaqu]] a vavuw tuki i djalananan, aza ledjeledje a sauv naicu a cemel, maqati a kakanen a kakedriyan kata maqacuvucuvung.

sa aicu a cemel, napapungadananga ta “petek” mavan aza ljingaw nu namalumanga a vangelj nimatju.

ljakua, pinaka a “puljesk” taicu a cemel na ramaljengmaljeng a setjavuqel uta, qadjaw a qaljeceqec aicu a cemel nu kakanen aya.

==cemecemel==
sinancemel aicu a puljesek.&lt;ref&gt;[http://cht.a-hospital.com/w/%E9%85%A2%E6%B5%86%E8%8D%89 醫學百科]&lt;/ref&gt;


==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P257。</text>
      <sha1>tn21x2x4dhd6zx1dg4bgnizavruk6we</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>tjavuvuk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <id>355</id>
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      <text bytes="784" sha1="g8wmltf17jqlmcodnmr2mz70non6iia" xml:space="preserve">masanliawliaw aicu a tjavuvuk a kemasi iteku ta vecekadn a sasusuan tua vavavan na quma. izua a djuy i cuqus kata asav na tjavuvuk, qaw uri venuciyar ta vuteqiteqilj a hana a tjavuvuk, kata venangaljanga. maqati a kakanen a vangalj naicu a tjavuvuk nu namalumanga, qaw pinaka taza “tjavuvuk”  na [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] mavan a madjulu a mavuq aza vangalj na tjavuvuk aya.

sa uri alapen na matjaljaljak a namalum a vangalj na tjavuvuk nu magadu tua masengseng timadju tua pakan ta aljak. aza tjavuvuk a vangalj, ini’a aminanga a kinatjengelayan ta kamen a kakedriyan, maqati a kakanen na qayaqayqam kata vutj i gadu uta.


==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P185。</text>
      <sha1>g8wmltf17jqlmcodnmr2mz70non6iia</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>qungalj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>220</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11756</id>
      <parentid>9091</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-02-10T21:00:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>YiFeiBot</username>
        <id>1118</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: Migrating 1 langlinks, now provided by [[d:|Wikidata]] on [[d:q7216343]]</comment>
      <origin>11756</origin>
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      <text bytes="478" sha1="gw1b90u0rbbwl258y3f59poboosfbdw" xml:space="preserve">a pinaka ta qungalj na payuwanzuku, mavan aza cuqus iteku na qungalj nu inianan a venuciyar, qaw maqati a kakanen taza cuqus na caucaw. nu namincelakanga a penuljat aza vuciyar sa pinaka ta kalavuwan na [[Paiwan|payuwan]].

sa aicu a kavaluan, uri sinipakialap tua maseqetjan nua vavayan itua kakudanan a sepayuwan. &lt;ref&gt;1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P126。&lt;/ref&gt;

==kaizuan==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Aljenljeng Tjaluvie</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <contributor>
        <username>饅頭老師</username>
        <id>26</id>
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      <text bytes="2121" sha1="iszvr9kjoeydckh3v7i6z0wgdq40gc4" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; | aljenljeng lja tjaluvie
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |
|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | kisansemenay 
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kangadanan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  張靜雯
|-
|inamilikan a ngadan
|Abao
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |vavayan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]] 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1981.8.25 (40 a cavilj)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[Paiwan]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |gakku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |na sihu taipaq daigaku pakata gusi  (國立臺北護理健康大學 護理系)
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kaqinaljan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  [[Jinfeng|jinfeng]]
|-
|}

aicu a ti aljenljeng lja tjaluvie mavan a kisansemenay a [[Paiwan|paiwan]] i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], au timadju kemasi imaza i [[Jinfeng|jinfeng]] a guan a 正興 a qinaljan. ka 2003 a caviljan, italadj ta kisansemenay a sengsengan kati Brandy a maciur a semenay,  makalap ta kazalan pakatua tjaljananguaqan a namaciur a semenay a dantay itua 金曲獎. mekedri a kalakudain na kuba, avan nu sika puaming a semenay a sengsengan.  ka 2012 a caviljan, timadju masan tua ruvelengedan a kamuku itua na kacalisian a tilibi.

mata 2014 a caviljan, malang tua rikudu pinaka《東排三聲代》, ka 2016 a caviljan malang tua na pinayuanan a semenay a rikudu pinaka 《vavayan·女人》, saka makalap ta kazalan pakatua tjaljananguaqan a kacalisian a rikudu itua 金曲獎.    

ka 2020 a caviljan, ti aljenljeng sikapudrusa malap ta kazalan tua tjaljananguaqan a [[kacalisian]] a rikudu itua 金曲獎 katua 2020 a caviljan a tjaljananguaqan a guhubi,  saka tuata aza senay pinaka〈Thank You 感謝〉malap tua tjaljananguaqan a semenay itua 金曲獎.</text>
      <sha1>iszvr9kjoeydckh3v7i6z0wgdq40gc4</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>lizuk a didjun</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>223</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12117</id>
      <parentid>10409</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-01-19T00:32:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>20</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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      <text bytes="1377" sha1="9651tcofcjrwrtum15d31y56c71wkj0" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Toits-dijonnais.jpg|right|300px]]
[[File:Archidiocèse de Dijon.svg|right|300px]]
a i pasakacedas tua vurangs (France) aicu a '''lizuk a didjun''', siaya a ''Dijon'' nua vinurangsan (kai a vurangs).&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20211214034558/https://www.dijon-congrexpo.com/en/destination-bourgogne.505__729.php &quot;Destination Dijon and Burgundy - Palais des Congrès&quot;]. www.dijon-congrexpo.com. Retrieved 19 June 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

==ngadan nua lizuk==
kasicuayan a pinapungadan aicu a didjun a kemasi tua divie (Divio) a puzaljuman i qinedatan nua lizuk.&lt;ref&gt;divio.org. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200426213259/http://www.divio.org/dijon.php?m=history&amp;p=1 La mémoire des pierres]. divio.org. [2020-04-22]. &lt;/ref&gt;

==kakudan==
===kir===
aicu a kir a tinaudan a vawa a quljimacilaw nua i eurup (''歐洲'') katua kasis (''crème de cassis'').

==taigaku==
* ''University of Burgundy''
* ''École nationale des beaux-arts de Dijon''
* ''Sciences Po Paris''
* ''Agrosup Dijon''
* ''Burgundy School of Business''
==sipacacikelan==
===kisiya a djalan===
pazangal aicu a ljaljevavavan a didjun tua kisiya a i vecekadan tua kadjalan a kisiya a kemasi tua paris (''Paris'') a patje liyon (''Lyon'') katua maresey. izua uta a kisiya a djalan a pasamaza i didjun sa sema ljaljevavavan a ''Besançon'', a ''Belfort'', a ''Nancy'', a ''Switzerland'', katua ''Italy''.

==kaizuan==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>senupy</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>224</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10562</id>
      <parentid>10537</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-01T21:06:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Praxidicae</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>rvv</comment>
      <origin>6896</origin>
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      <text bytes="1564" sha1="n6gvb5s3yhpp0flbv7m0a3p014elade" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Snoopy Museum Tokyo (49290029303).jpg|right|300px]]
zinugan aicu a '''senupy''' ni ''Charles M. Schulz'' a kisanzemuga, siaya a ''Snoopy'' nua kai a amilika. katjaisangas na zemuga timadju ta senupy i tua &quot;paketjaw (''Peanuts'')&quot; a sinansunatj a kumik (comic) nu qadjav a kacaviljan a 1950. tjevuta a sinanzuga a kazugan a senupy ni ''Schulz'' masa vinarungan a vatu nimadju i ''Spike''.&lt;ref&gt;[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charles_M._Schulz Schulz, Charles M]. (1994). [https://archive.org/details/aroundworldin45y00char/page/11/mode/2up Around the world in 50 years: Charlie Brown's anniversary celebration]. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Andrews_McMeel_Publishing Andrews McMeel Publishing]. p. 11. ISBN 978-0-8362-1766-7.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Moliterni, Claude (2000). Snoopy, Charlie Brown et les autres. L'album de famille de Schulz. ISBN 978-2-7324-2681-5.&lt;/ref&gt;

==cinalivatan==
minequt a senupy nu i kaqiljasan a 4 nua kacaviljan a 1950, pasuvililj a 2 a qadaw tua sangasangasan a sinansunatj a kumik (comic) a &quot;paketjaw.&quot; tazua vatu a senupy ni pati (''Patty''). &lt;ref&gt;[http://www.gocomics.com/peanuts/1950/11/13 &quot;Peanuts&quot;]. November 13, 1950.&lt;/ref&gt;

==zuma a qalian i tua &quot;paketjaw&quot;==
===carly burang===
===lusy===
===linus===
===lila===
==tacekeljan ni senupy==
pinualjakan tjai senupy a i puvatuan nua ljangi a lalauzan (''Daisy Hill Puppy Farm'').&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.dogster.com/lifestyle/snoopy-peanuts-charles-schulz-daisy-hill-puppy-farm-mills Did Charlie Brown’s Dog Snoopy Come from a Puppy Mill?] Dogster. 2013-09-26 [2020-03-20].&lt;/ref&gt;

==kaizuan==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>qaynguway</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>Minorax</username>
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      <text bytes="1453" sha1="2aqa10o2rweh5w4m61cx3np7cmbjwns" xml:space="preserve">[[File:AlocasiaMacrorrhizaFlower.jpg|thumb]]
a pinaka ta ’ aynguway uta.

aicu a qaynguway, maqati a alapen a asav niamadju tua takaljan ta kakanen, sa maqati a sinantakalj uta nu venawavawa. qaw uri sicaqev aicu a asav tua dingding a ljinulju, sa ika dremasi ta dingding sa macayanga. maqati a pakan taza kudrakudral a cuqus na qaynguway tua dridri, qaw tjengelay a kanen taza qudjidilj a vangulj na qaynguway a vavuy kata tjikuray.

==tjaucikel nua ngadan==

nakivadaqanga a’en tua kama, “akumaya a pinaka ta qaynguway taicu a kasiw na paiwanzuku?”

naqivu a kama, “ masa kudrakudrual kata qudjidilj a vangulj na qaynguway, ljakua inika kamen taza vangulj a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]], sa “a~i~yan~nga~”aya tiamadju, kipaulanga aya!”

==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P180。

{| cellspacing=&quot;0&quot; style=&quot;width: 238px; background: ##F0F0F0; border: solid #F0F0F0 1px; margin: 1px; float: right;&quot;
|-
! style=&quot;width:45px;height:45px;background:#F0F0F0;font-size:{{{4|14}}}pt&quot; lang=&quot;pwn&quot; | [[File:Idea-of-wiktionary-11.svg|40px|center|link=https://incubator.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wt/pwn/sitjumaq_na_sapitj&amp;redirectfrom=infopage]]
| style=&quot;font-size:{{{5|8}}}pt;padding:4pt;line-height:1.25em&quot; lang=&quot;{{{1}}}}&quot; dir=&quot;{{{6|ltr}}}&quot; | cuni, izua uta a venecik ta [[Incubator:Wt/pwn/qaynguway|qaynguway]] i tua wikakituluan.
|}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Sangpuy Katatepan Mavaliyw</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/83.11.200.192|83.11.200.192]]（[[User talk:83.11.200.192|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]]的先前版本</comment>
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|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; | Sangpuy Katatepan Mavaliyw
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | kisansemenay 
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kangadanan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  盧皆興
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljay
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]] 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1977.11.15 (44 a cavilj)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |puyuma
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |kaqinaljan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  [[Taitu king|valangaw]]
|-
|}

[[File:10.23 總統出席「2020池上秋收稻穗藝術節」 (50519413136).jpg|thumb|right|280px|]]
aicu ti sangpuy (pinuyumakan:Sangpuy Katatepan Mavaliyw, ciniukukan:盧皆興) mavan a kisansemenay i taiwan, nalemedaw kemasi imaza i [[Taitu king|taitu]] puyuma katatipur a qinaljan. ka 2021 a caviljan, aza sinan senay nimadju a rikudu pinaka《得力量pulu'qem》na malap tua tjelu a kazalan a 金曲獎 a duqubi, izua tjaljasaiguaqan a kacalisian a kisansemenay katua tjalja nanguaqan caviljan a sinansenay a kisansemenay a guhubi.

ti sangpuy kaqaqunuan naru kiciul ta djisan kata kaka tjavulung a uqaljay, kitulu pakatua kakuda nua puyuma, kemasi kerikedri kitjaucikel katua i qinaljan a ramaljemaljeng, avan nusika saigu a lukai kata kemuda tjasaigu a seman semenay.   

ka temakesikesi anan talikuningsi a kukuminsiunem a cavilj, timadju patagilj a kiciul kata kaka tjavulung a uqaljay kitulu ta pagita, kau katemakesi anga ta ziugaku, ti sangpuy puliaw sanka ta paqaqayamen. tazua tauta, secevung tua amis a salasaladj macaqu a lukai tua niamadju a kakaiyan setangale timadju, avan zua kipusaladj tua na i cipun(知本) a tinsikiu a sinpu ti 曾建次 tu kitulu, sa itua pisay a kemacalisaian puliaw anga malap tua guhubi.        

pitjaivililj, ti sangpuy situlu a kineljakeljang a kakudan tua maqacuvucuvung tu kemuda a semenay tazua senay a pasangaw, ulja neka vecik nua puyuma zuku, kemasicuay avan nasenay a sipagaugaw tua tjaivilivililj a likisi na i qinaljan.  

mata luni a 921 (ka 1999 a caviljan 9 qiljasan 21 a qadavan), ti sangpuy nakicapilj tua sengsengan itua 飛魚雲豹音樂工團, kati 胡德夫, 陳主惠, 陳明仁（ni sangpuy a djisan a kisansemenay itua 北原山貓 uta), tiamadju namasengseng tua aza rikudu, kau patjekacauan i taihuk a imaci sa paveliveli tua CD nua aya, aza sinipavelian a paisu siqeljing tua nakulusi a sikatagaljan.  

ka 2008 a caviljan, ti sangpuy patagilj a semenasenay i gaikuku, sa gemedeged a semansenay tua pinuyumakan.

kemasi sangasangasan a rikudu pinaka《dalan》mata sikamasansimusalj a rikudu pinaka《椏幹》, ti sangpuy itua pinakazuanan a semansenay, na macidilj a kicaquan, saka nuvenecik kivadaq anan tua ramaljemaljeng kimasusu a kakudan tu pavayan ta iking.  

ka 2021 a caviljan alu qiljas 21 a qadavan, ti sangpuy nimadju a rikudu pinaka《得力量pulu'qem》 malap ta tjelu a kazalan itua  金曲獎, izua tjaljananguaqan a kacalisian a kisansemenay.

utauta, ti sangpuy mavan na kisan kaicu nua maqacuvucuvung, tucu uta nakamakama itua kuba pinaka Katatepan.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ika mapavalit a paysu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>227</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11569</id>
      <parentid>10340</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-11-25T06:27:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>41</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Removing [[:c:File:NFT_Icon.png|NFT_Icon.png]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Krd|Krd]] because: No permission since 17 November 2022.</comment>
      <origin>11569</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3506" sha1="muzxunqsgnhj2vtjj0la58mctkbkvux" xml:space="preserve">pinuvecikan aicu a '''ika mapavalit a paysu''' tua penuljat a pinapuvelivelian itua maitaita a qecengacengalj.&lt;ref&gt;Dean, Sam (March 11, 2021). [https://www.latimes.com/business/technology/story/2021-03-11/nft-explainer-crypto-trading-collectible &quot;$69 million for digital art? The NFT craze, explained&quot;.] Los Angeles Times. Retrieved April 8, 2021.&lt;/ref&gt; siniaya avan aicu a ''NFT'' nua kai a amilika. sinikitaudan aza paysu a ika mapavalit tua matjaliaw a sineqetj itua tinnaw, namatucu izua sasing katua iga. sikeljang nua paysu a ika mapavalit aza pinuvecikan nua i tinnaw tua vavecikan a puaneman. inika maqatitjen a mapapapuveli taza paysu a ika mapavalit, manasika patjatjukuda itjen tua paysu a ika mapavalit katua zuma a paysu a kriptu (''cryptocurrency''), namatucu izua bit-gimpiya (''Bitcoin'').
==sitjumaljan==
pinuvecikan aicu a paysu a ika mapavalit a sipapuveliveli itua ta puvecikan nua i tinnaw, namaya tua siniaya a maitaita a qecengacengalj.&lt;ref&gt;Wilson, Kathleen Bridget; Karg, Adam; Ghaderi, Hadi (October 2021). &quot;Prospecting non-fungible tokens in the digital economy: Stakeholders and ecosystem, risk and opportunity&quot;. Business Horizons: S0007681321002019. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Digital_object_identifier doi]:[https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0007681321002019?via%3Dihub 10.1016/j.bushor.2021.10.007]. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semantic_Scholar S2CID] [https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/Prospecting-non-fungible-tokens-in-the-digital-and-Wilson-Karg/7dca5f2faa908f4e7c16f91ee8a235f4fd148655 240241342].&lt;/ref&gt; izua za sineqetj, valjitjuq, katuanemanema itua tinnaw a kinitaudan tua paysu a ika mapavalit. pusaluan uta nua itjen aza paysu ika mapavalit tanemanema.&lt;ref&gt;Dean, Sam (March 11, 2021). [https://www.latimes.com/business/technology/story/2021-03-11/nft-explainer-crypto-trading-collectible &quot;$69 million for digital art? The NFT craze, explained&quot;.] Los Angeles Times. Retrieved March 12, 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

==cinalivatan==
===kasangasangasan (kamasi kacaviljan a 2014 a patje 2017)===
pinakasangas a tja kineljangan aza ika mapavalit a paysu (''NFT'') a qinati ni ''Kevin McCoy'' kati ''Anil Dash'' kaqiljasan a 5 nua i kacaviljan a 2014. papuvecik ti ''Kevin McCoy'' tua sinan iga ni qecev nimadju i ''Jennifer'' itua &quot;ngadan a paysu (''Namecoin'')&quot; a maitaita a qecengacengalj. nu pasemalaw ti ''Kevin McCoy'' tua kaljavaran a pitju itua pitju (''the Seven on Seven conference'') i vaquan a pupesanguaqan (''New Museum'') i lizuk a niuyuk (''New York City'') tazua, paveli timadju taza sinan iga tjai ''Anil Dash''. kakavelian azua sepatj a vatan a amilika. &quot;semanvatan aicu a iga itua tinnaw,&quot; aya tiamadju nu i mapapavelian.&lt;ref&gt;Dash, Anil (April 2, 2021). [https://www.theatlantic.com/ideas/archive/2021/04/nfts-werent-supposed-end-like/618488/ &quot;NFTs Weren't Supposed to End Like This&quot;.] The Atlantic. Retrieved May 5, 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;

izua sipapukeljangan a pasemalavan tua kasangasan a venarungan tua ika mapavalit a paysu a ''Etheria'' a siaya i ''DEVCON 1'' nu i kaqiljasan a 10 nua i kacaviljan a 2015. pasuvilij a tjelu a qiljas tua sinipasemalav a papukeljang tua qecengacengalj a maitaita nua ''Ethereum'', a sangasangasan aicu a kaljavaran nua kisanvenarung tua ika mapavalit a paysu i [[lizuk a lundun|lundun]] i uk (''London'', ''UK'').

===kineljangan nua kanacaucauanga (kemasi kacaviljan a 2017 a patje 2021)===
na kemeljang a kanacaucauanga tua ika mapavalit a paysu tazua na semalut a kriptukitis (''CryptoKitties'').

==kaizuan==</text>
      <sha1>muzxunqsgnhj2vtjj0la58mctkbkvux</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ika mapapatjavat a paysu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>230</id>
    <redirect title="ika mapavalit a paysu" />
    <revision>
      <id>6647</id>
      <timestamp>2021-12-23T02:32:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Iyumu pinapapigagiljigilji anga a lisadayan na sapitj kemasi ta [[ika mapapatjavat a paysu]] a patje [[ika mapavalit a paysu]]：better title</comment>
      <origin>6647</origin>
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      <text bytes="39" sha1="ea18b02lx05jvkkn5hy4ep9sddw3v0h" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[ika mapavalit a paysu]]</text>
      <sha1>ea18b02lx05jvkkn5hy4ep9sddw3v0h</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>lizuk a lundun</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>231</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12578</id>
      <parentid>12577</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-16T10:04:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kasizuanan */kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12578</origin>
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      <text bytes="1426" sha1="kdj9dcwg86ofpq7wcjng95t1t9uu7qb" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:London Montage L.jpg|right|300px]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:Palace of Westminster from the dome on Methodist Central Hall (cropped).jpg|thumb|right|300px|aicu a lizuk a lundun.]]
natemalidu a tjaljaqaca a lizuk i ingelend (''England'') katua uk (''UK''). remavecekadanan a pana a tjames (''River Thames'') tua lizuk a lundun (''London'') a i pasakacedas a navalj tua ingelend.

==sipakituluan==
===taigaku===
qapulu aicu a i lizuk a lundun nua sipakituluan a taigaku i tua [[iyurupu]].  izua uta matjaliaw a vavenarungan imaza. pakatua vinecikan a QS a sipapungadan tua taigaku i kacauan a kemasi caviljan a 2015 a patje 2016, izua tjaljasaiguan a mareka taigaku imaza i lundun a lizuk. sika izua tjatjuruvu a situ imaza tua zumanga a lizuk i tua kacauan. qadjav izua 110, 000 a nakitulu imaza.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20150914234029/https://www.topuniversities.com/university-rankings/world-university-rankings/2015#sorting=rank+region=+country=+faculty=+stars=false+search= QS]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20161130134858/http://www.londonandpartners.com/media-centre/press-releases/2015/15092015-qs-world-university-rankings-201516 Mayor of London says city is ‘education capital of the world’]&lt;/ref&gt;

==sipacacikelan==
===basu===
[[sineqetj a vecik:GOOD MORNING BORIS - Flickr - secret coach park.jpg|thumb|right|320px|aicu a basu i '''lizuk a lundun'''.]]

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>kdj9dcwg86ofpq7wcjng95t1t9uu7qb</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>disiaba i calaviq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>232</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12232</id>
      <parentid>12231</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T13:52:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12232</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="5999" sha1="rfoifhmlxqfcwskto5tu60ak9wamy70" xml:space="preserve">aicu a disiaba i [[calavi|calaviq]] mavan a pinaljavakan nua i [[Taitu king|taitu king]] i [[Taimali|tjauvali guan]]. mavan auta aza a disiaba a rinevuranga itua a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i pasa navalj, saka izua tjaljasasanguaqan a disiaba i [[Taiwan|taiwan]],  ljakua nu 2024 a caviljan tjelu a qiljasan uri mumalj a semekez a kisiya imaza, sa maqati a ljaljitekuan na caucacu a disiaba.
[[sineqetj a vecik:26-多良車站 (28896709453).jpg|thumb|250px|izua kisiya cemalivat pasamaza]]
katjaisangas nakipuvarung tu aicu a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i pasa navalj, lja aza a 瀧溪 kata 金崙 matja drusa a disiaba macacadja aravac, sa lemingdjelj taicu a disiaba pinaka 號誌站 nua aya i calaviq, avan sika maqati a semekez mamaza a palamu kata secevung tua zuma a kisiya.  

aicu a kadjunangan tjaisangas avan ca calisi, manu izua a matja drusa a qetjung i pasalikuz katua pasaviri, avan sika azua i sasusuan a 南迴鐵路工程處 nua aya na pinu za disiaba a ljavavaw, sa maqati itjen a paucn ta ljavek a 太平洋 nua aya i ljaljevavan tua kisiya. lja mekedri a caucau a kivala pasamaza, avan sika kemasi 2006 a caviljan pitju a qiljasan a ita qadavan tuazua puamin a taicu a sengsengan pakatua kisekaulj tua sikataqaljan, au mata mamaw a caviljan tapuluq a qiljasan ita qadavan sualapen anga. tucu imaza ika maqati a ljiteku, ljakua izuanan aza kikai sisan tua sengsengan pakata kisia nu cemalivat pasamaza. au aicu a qaljiv nua i disiaba pavalitan tua kadjunangan maqati a tjanuitjen a mapuljat semamaza a ljemizaw tua qinaljanan. sa maqati anan kiunang katua lemingdjelj tua mareka siubay imaza parutua kakanen, manasika masan angata tu sinipukeljang a kivangvangan i pasanavalj a kunglu. lja izua tjuruvu a caucau semamaza ljemita a qadav, sa aza taitu kingsihu na pazazekatj anga, nu aza 南迴線 nua aya a kisiya a djalan namaqacuvung anga a pinuljingasan, uli patagilj a djemaulj tua mareka siubay, au maseljaseljang aza saliman pinaka 台鐵南迴鐵路車站風貌改造計畫 nua aya. manu patagilj a semanguaq a sengsengan patjara  ljaicu a penuljat a nemanga itua maka palingulj tua kadjunangan. nu 2024 a caviljan tjelu a qiljasan mumalj a semuqeljev, izua aza mareka kisiya parutua remayurangan a 莒光號 katua 區間車 nua aya uli semekez pasamaza.

pakatua qetjung nua gadu pinaka 多良一號 i pasanavalj a disiaba i calaviq na paka liaw a ljemanguaq a sengsengan, izuanan mareka a munday patjara taicu a kadjunangan, manu inika sedjaljep a kadjunangan maqati a lemingdjelj tua aicu a sinan dingki a sengsengan patjara kisiya a djalan a manguaqan. avan sika nalemingdjelj ta vaquan a kisiya a djalan. au aza supil anga a qetjung nua gadu pinaka 多良一號 na rinevuranga, au izua vaquan ljakua tjakedri a vaquan a  qetjung nua gadu pinaka 新多良一號 nua aya, sa aza kisiya a penuljat maqati a pasamaza. (izua 152 a djekuacan). ka 2020 a caviljan 5 qiljasan 28 a qadavan, aza kisiya a djalan na maumalj anga, sa azua kisiya patagilj a pasamaza i pasaljavek a vauquan a kisiyia a djalan.

kasicuayan aicu imaza a kadjunangan avan a qinaljan pinaka djaljudjaljum se paiwan. ka 1937 a caviljan tuazua aza ripun a sihu napavalitan tua ngadan pinaka 多多良 nua aya. au aicu a 多多良（rinipunkan：多々良／たたら tatara）mavan a ripun a ngadan, izuanan a disiaba a 多多良 i ripun tucu. avan sika aza ripun nalemingdjelj taicu a disiaba tuazua, madjuludjulu a sinipungadan tua 多良 nua aya.

== cinalivatan ==

* 1992 a caviljan 10 a qiljasan 5 a qadavan: 隨著南迴線正式通車而啟用，當時設有兩股軌道及月台，但幾天後因為沒有交會需求而拆除山側軌道及兩端道岔。
* 1992 a caviljan 10 a qiljasan 28 a qadavan: masan tua disiaba pinaka 招呼站 nua aya, au nakanri pakatua disiaba i kanalung.
* 2006 a caviljan 7 a qiljasan 1 a qadavan: lja mekedrikedri anga ca caucau paljilji semamaza, sa ika semekez a kisiya imaza.
* 2006 a caviljan 10 a qiljasan 1 a qadavan: rinevuranga aicu a disiaba.
* 2008 a caviljan 8 a qiljasan 23 a qadavan: masan tua disiaba maqati a semekez aza disiaba semusuq nemanga imaza.
* 2011 a caviljan 12 a qiljasan 20 a qadavan: aza sasusuan i 臺鐵 na pazazekatj tua dikinay a semekez imaza i 枋野 katua 多良 matja dursa a disiaba.
* 2013 a caviljan 12 a qiljasan 13 a qadavan: izua caucau nakivangavang imaza a pasasing tua disiaba sa cemalivat tua djalan a kisiya, au tuazua izua a kisiya na djemaljun imaza, ljakua aza kisiya nasemekez a palamu, avan sika inika發生誤闖鐵軌淨空區域，列車緊急煞車後以及旅客及時閃避未釀成事故。
* 2014 a caviljan 2 a qiljasan: aza sasusuan i 台鐵 na patagilj a sengsegnan pakatua mumalj a semanguaq aza qapaz na disiaba, aicu a qudjidjilj a quljav pavalitan tua liljualjuas a quljav.
* 2014 a caviljan 4 a qiljasan 17 a qadavan: lja aza sikataqaljan inika ljemaui taicu a quljav tuazua masa inika sedjeljep tua qinaljan a kadjunangan, avan sika aza sasusuan i 台鐵 na maumalj anga pavalitan tua qudjidjilj a quljaw itua qapaz.
* 2016 a caviljan 8 a qiljasan 6 a qadavan: 因為前往觀光的觀光客人數眾多，加上前往多良車站的道路狹窄，以及停車空間不足，外地民眾車輛進出已影響當地居民的出入，因此當地民眾封鎖前往車站的道路，期望透過自發性的道路管制減少居民進出不便。
* 2017 a caviljan 3 a qiljasan: 由於業者於車站附近架設基地台破壞地景造成民眾不滿，經中華民國立法委員黃國書於立法院交通委員會提出質詢後，中華民國國家通訊傳播委員會主任委員詹婷怡允諾將檢討，並於月底完成遷移。
* 2021 a caviljan 5 a qiljasan 16 a qadavan: ayatua aicu a meqacaqaca a kaljayaran, saka aicu a gukusiu nua i tjauvali pakeljang tu sisekez a disiaba mata lukugac alu qadavan.

== itua disiaba a ljaqediqedi ==
* gaku na kukumin a calaviq (rinevuranga)
* [[calavi|calaviq]] a qinaljan 
* taipingyang
* masansivalj a djalan i taiwan</text>
      <sha1>rfoifhmlxqfcwskto5tu60ak9wamy70</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tjamaku</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>233</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12163</id>
      <parentid>11413</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-03-16T12:16:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Minorax</username>
        <id>17</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12163</origin>
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      <text bytes="1462" sha1="4yfrcoq6d1y375zuzmli4xki6eus9q4" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Nicotiana tabacum feuilles Laos.jpg|縮圖|289x289像素|cemusu ta tjamaku.]]
pinaka “menavung” aicu a tinaleman na [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] uta. tjengelay a kacalisiyan a lemutlut ta tjamaku sa qemungcuy, sa tjengelay aravac a ramaljangmaljeng a tjemamaku nu pulavayanga tuki uri masengsenganga tiamadju.

==cinavalitan== 

katjaukaizua a tjamaku na valjaka(Nederland) i qinaljan, sa alapu taicu a tinaleman tua tjemamakuanga a kacalisiyan kasicuyanga.

ka ripunanan, sipadjuludjulu aravac a mareka qinaljan sa marepaveli ta racev a kacalisiyan, qaw uri paveliveli taicu a tinaleman tiamdju, sa pinaka “tjamaku” niamadju avan a kai nua valjaka.

aicu a izua i tiatung kinzang a paumuli a tjaqinaljan, numaya tucu a semancavilj, a tja mamazangiljan a kinapazulju taicu a menaveng sipangapanga tua qemucuy a tjai kina. kasicuyan a tja sikavaljut nuaya, namasanpazangal aicu a menaveng, inika amin a tjaqungcuyi, makaya uta a tja sikivalit tua nemanemanga. “tasicuayan, siveliveli ta kanen, izuazua a inika makaya neka nu vurati, neka nu vasa, neka nu vaqu aya.” aya nia ramaljemaljeng.[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iy18SBIPN7s]

==kaizuan==
1.排灣族菸草文化式微 辭彙逐漸流失2016-08-16 Paiwan TITV 原視族語新聞。網址: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iy18SBIPN7s。

2.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P263。</text>
      <sha1>4yfrcoq6d1y375zuzmli4xki6eus9q4</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>calavi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>234</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12490</id>
      <parentid>11348</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-18T05:19:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* nasidjaravacan */</comment>
      <origin>12490</origin>
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      <text bytes="1641" sha1="ecjza69trqmt1dmorobufyweh3m1hmj" xml:space="preserve">'''calavi(多良村)'''
aicu a calavi a qinaljan mavan a pinuljavakan nua i [[Taitu king|taitu king]] i [[Taimali|tjauvali guan]]. aza kadjunangan nua calavi imaza i pasa[[Taimali|taimali]] a navalj, a i viri ciul [[kanalung]], a i kacedasan secevung tua taipinyang, pasamaza ledepan a navalj nakitangez tua [[Kavulungan|kavulungan]], a i navalj kicaing tua i [[Dawu|daibu]] a tjacupu(大竹) a mula. 

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;200&quot; border=&quot;&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; |calcavi

&lt;small&gt;(多良村)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|[[Taitu king|taitu]] i [[Taimali|tjauvali]] 
|-
|sepaljavak
|drusa puluq sa ita a talingan
|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan
|21.94km² 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na caucau

-mavalidan a caucau

-paljingan
| -ita kuzulj sa unem a puluq sa lima a caucau(1,065)(2018 a cavilj a tjelu qiljasan)

-48.54caucau/km² 

-sepatj a taiday saka pitju a puluq kata ita a  paljingan(471)
|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|963
|-
|tjuljivar ta guan
|[[kanalung]], taipang(台坂) i [[Daren|daren]],  tjacupu i [[Dawu|daibu]]
|}

== situcuan ==
a i qinaljan a caucau tjatjuruvu a paiwan zuku. aza i runpul a kinasaluan a cemas, avan za ciulukiu, tinsikiu. a i taiki izua haliluya, ciulukiu kata napinailangan a palisi, a mituhu uta. a imaza a sikataqaljan temalem tua nanemanga sikac.  

== nasidjaravacan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|kisiya a djalan
|-
|taiwan kisiya kanricy  
|-
|a kisiya a djalan a cemalivat tua taiwan i pasa navalj
|-
|[[disiaba i calaviq|disiaba i calavi]]
|-
|kunglu
|-
|masansivalj a djalan i taiwan
|-
|[[basu]]
|-
|basu a ding dung
|-
|basu a ku kang
|}</text>
      <sha1>ecjza69trqmt1dmorobufyweh3m1hmj</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>cemaucauan a semanpazangal tua kakaian nua kuni</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>236</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10799</id>
      <parentid>10694</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T12:45:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.230.38|79.163.230.38]]（[[User talk:79.163.230.38|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:1234qwer1234qwer4|1234qwer1234qwer4]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>6916</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="456" sha1="7fgyr1hi35ha0okuj630evno94cby0y" xml:space="preserve">mavan a hulic nua i sihu a ciniukukan aicu a '''&quot;cemaucauan a semanpazangal tua kakaian nua kuni&quot;'''. sikapatatukutukulj aicu a hulic tua matjaliaw a kinakaian nua maretimalji a qinaljan i [[Taiwan|tayuan]]. sangasangasan na kiniqaungan aza cemaucauan nua kinateveteveljan a papirazek tua kakukakudan nua i ''sincengyen'' nu i kaqadavan a 2 nua kaqiljasan a 2 nua i kacaviljan a 2007. penuljat tua matja tapuluq saka drusa a sipaljavakan a sepavecik tazua.</text>
      <sha1>7fgyr1hi35ha0okuj630evno94cby0y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kasiwtu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>237</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12166</id>
      <parentid>10460</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-03-16T12:17:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Minorax</username>
        <id>17</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12166</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4142" sha1="s33svrkz3u33us4dp25beiir4mwxqzp" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|kasiwtu/lidaw/tjulikulikuz&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;(綠島鄉)&lt;/small&gt;
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[File:Taitou ryokutoukyou.svg|thumb|center|kasiwtu imaza(qudjidji a pinakeljang)]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|[[Taitu king|taitu]]
|-
|sicuayanga a ngadan
|Maurijsij、模里西、火燒島、雞心嶼、青仔嶼、蕃仔島
|-
|sepaljavak
|tjelu a mula sepatj puluq sa drusa a talingan
|-
|sihu

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan

-qinati a hulic a sihu
|


-nasekasiwtu a gukusiu


-daihiyukay na kasiwtu

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan 
|15.0919 km²
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na cawcau


-papu ngadan tjai sangasangas

-paljingan
|
-sepatj a kuzulj sa pitju a puluq sa siva a caucau(4,079)(2021 a cavilj kata 8 a qiljas)

-masansimuluq saka unem(13)

-ita a kuzulj sa ita taiday saka siva puluq kata siva a paljingan(1,199)

|-
|sasupuan na yubinkiuku/yuzeng
|951
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|10014110
|}aicu a kasiwtu (amizukuan: Sanasay；pinuyumakan: Sanasan；yinamizukan: Jitanasey；kai nua basai: Sanasai；kai nua kebalan: Sunasai/Sanayasai；pinairangan: Li̍k-tó-hiong) mavan a pinaljavakan i [[Taitu king|taitu king]], imaza i pasakacedas a navalj nua valangaw. izua a sicuayan na ngadan pinaka 火燒島 katua 雞心嶼、青仔嶼 siayaya.

au aza sikataqaljan avan nu pairang, ka cinting a djiday tazua aza pairang na patjavat  kemasi i 小琉球 katua dungkang(東港) sa mangetjez imaza patje tucu. au izuanan aza rusung avan nu rarusungan tua caucau patjara sinkiw tazua ka 戒嚴 a djiday nua aya. ljakua tucu mumalj anga, masan angata aza kivangvangan. situcuan pakatua caucau i taituking, izua tjuruvu a sikataqaljan nakitjuvaday a qinaljan anga, ljakua imaza i kasiwtu katua [[Lanyu|tamazatu]] ika mekedri aza sikataqaljan.        

[[File:2010 07 15530 5509, Chintsun Taiwan.JPG|thumb|250px|aicu a kasiwtu]]

== cinalivatan ==

== kadjunangan ==

== caucau ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|cavilj
|caucau
|&lt;nowiki&gt;+:metjeruvu&lt;/nowiki&gt;
-:mavekelj

(%)
|-
|1981
|tjelu a kuzulj sa pitju a taiday sa siva puluq sa pitju a caucau (3,797 a caucau)
| -
|-
|1986
|sepatj a kuzulj sa tjelu a taiday sa unem a puluq sa pitju a caucau (4,367 a caucau)
| +15.0%
|-
|1991
|tjelu a kuzulj sa lima a taiday sa sepatj a puluq sa unem a caucau (3,546 a caucau)
| -18.8%
|-
|1996
|drusa a kuzulj sa lima taiday sa tapuluq sa tjelu a caucau (2,513 a caucau)
| -29.1%
|-
|2001
|tjelu a kuzulj sa drusa taiday sa sepatj a puluq sa unem a caucau (3,246 a caucau)
| +29.2%
|-
|2006
|tjelu a kuzulj sa drusa puluq sa unem a caucau (3,026 a caucau)
| -6.8%
|-
|2011
|tjelu a kuzulj sa sepatj a puluq a caucau (3,400 a caucau)
| +12.4%
|-
|2016
|tjelu a kuzulj sa pitju a taiday sa drusa puluq sa sepatj a caucau (3,724 a caucau)
| +9.5%
|}

== guciu ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|1-3 sangasangasan mata sikamasan tjelulj
|蔡朝旺
|-
|4-5 sikamasan sepatj mata sikamasan limalj
|蘇仙傳
|-
|6-7 sikamasan nemelj mata sikamasan tjelulj
|陳天飛
|-
|8-9 sikamasan alulj mata sikamasan sivalj
|林泉
|-
|10-11 sikamasan simuluq mata sikamasan simuluq saka ita 
|李德良
|-
|12-13 sikamasan simuluq saka drusa mata sikamasan simuluq saka tjelu
|陳進文
|-
|14-15 sikamasan simuluq saka sepatj mata sikamasan simuluq saka lima
|陳嘉文
|-
|16 sikamasan simuluq saka unem
|李數奼
|-
|17 sikamasan simuluq saka pitju
|鄭文仁
|-
|18 sikamasan simuluq saka alu
|謝賢裕
|}

== siubay ==

* 7-Eleven i kasiwtu (ka 2005 a caviljan hacigac 15 a qadavan a liningdjelj)
* 全家便利商店 i kasiwtu (ka 2007 a caviljan sigac unem a qadavan a linindjelj)

aicu matjadrusa a siubay inika cadja, ljakua masa i sasaw tua taiwan a qinaljan, saka tja pazangal aza nemanga, neka nu mamaw a kamuku penuljat itua siubay imaza.

== sinupuan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|gaku na kutjung
|-
|gaku na kutjung a kasiwtu
|-
|gaku na kukumin
|-
|gaku na kukumin a kasiwtu
|-
|gaku na kukumin a kungkuan(公館)
|}

== nasidjaravacan ==
aicu a pacacikel i taiwan katua i kasiwtu, izua drusa a sivaikan parutua hikuki katua varukur.

== kivangvangan ==</text>
      <sha1>s33svrkz3u33us4dp25beiir4mwxqzp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mumalj a palalaut</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>238</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10413</id>
      <parentid>10158</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-07-28T23:28:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Iyumu|Iyumu]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>6915</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="816" sha1="5mwg246fnmllprji1hdg8qq4ayqggyz" xml:space="preserve">kininemeneman aicu a '''&quot;mumalj a palalaut&quot;''' tu mumalj itjen a mapuljat a caucau a nasi itua kacauan. siaya a ''Ewige Wiederkunft'' nua kakaian a deci (''Deutsch''). sa tja kineljangan uta a ''eternal return'' katua ''eternal recurrence'' a siniaya a kakaian a amilika.

==sikinemeneman ni nicay (''Friedrich Nietzsche'')==
tjaljapazangal aicu a vinarungan patjara '''mumalj a palalaut''' a kemasi tua mareka pinakavecikan a sikinemeneman ni nicay (''Friedrich Nietzsche'').&lt;ref&gt;Anderson, R. Lanier (2017), [https://plato.stanford.edu/archives/sum2017/entries/nietzsche/ &quot;Friedrich Nietzsche&quot;], in Zalta, Edward N. (ed.), The Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy (Summer 2017 ed.), Metaphysics Research Lab, Stanford University, retrieved 2020-07-23&lt;/ref&gt;

==pinakavecikan ni kamuy (''Albert Camus'')==

==kaizuan==</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>MediaWiki:GrowthExperimentsConfig.json</title>
    <ns>8</ns>
    <id>239</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11470</id>
      <parentid>6999</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-10-19T06:56:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki default</username>
        <id>353</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Disabling mentorship for wikis with no list of mentors ([[:phab:T321056]])</comment>
      <origin>11470</origin>
      <model>json</model>
      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="1458" sha1="gxlihzo390u8921i7o4gc01p7sgwksp" xml:space="preserve">{
    &quot;GEHelpPanelAskMentor&quot;: true,
    &quot;GEHelpPanelExcludedNamespaces&quot;: [],
    &quot;GEHelpPanelHelpDeskPostOnTop&quot;: false,
    &quot;GEHelpPanelHelpDeskTitle&quot;: &quot;&quot;,
    &quot;GEHelpPanelLinks&quot;: [
        {
            &quot;title&quot;: &quot;mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide&quot;,
            &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide&quot;,
            &quot;id&quot;: &quot;mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide&quot;
        },
        {
            &quot;title&quot;: &quot;mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Images&quot;,
            &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide&quot;,
            &quot;id&quot;: &quot;mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide&quot;
        },
        {
            &quot;title&quot;: &quot;mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing references&quot;,
            &quot;text&quot;: &quot;Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide&quot;,
            &quot;id&quot;: &quot;mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide&quot;
        }
    ],
    &quot;GEHelpPanelReadingModeNamespaces&quot;: [
        2,
        4,
        12
    ],
    &quot;GEHelpPanelSearchNamespaces&quot;: [
        4,
        12
    ],
    &quot;GEHelpPanelViewMoreTitle&quot;: &quot;&quot;,
    &quot;GEHomepageManualAssignmentMentorsList&quot;: &quot;&quot;,
    &quot;GEHomepageMentorsList&quot;: &quot;&quot;,
    &quot;GEHomepageSuggestedEditsIntroLinks&quot;: {
        &quot;create&quot;: &quot;mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide&quot;,
        &quot;image&quot;: &quot;mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide#Images&quot;
    },
    &quot;GEInfoboxTemplates&quot;: [],
    &quot;GEMentorshipEnabled&quot;: false
}</text>
      <sha1>gxlihzo390u8921i7o4gc01p7sgwksp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikipedia:na seliyazan a tadedepan</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>240</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12712</id>
      <parentid>12667</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-16T23:08:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki message delivery</username>
        <id>105</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* 尋找志願者加入維基媒體運動的委員會 */ 新章節</comment>
      <origin>12712</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="93655" sha1="q4bd77hcg7mbrj4mdtri0h3lzlymrit" xml:space="preserve">* '''pwn:''' {{int:please-translate}}.
* '''en:''' Requests for the [[m:bot|bot]] flag should be made on this page. This wiki uses the [[m:bot policy|standard bot policy]], and allows [[m:bot policy#Global_bots|global bots]] and [[m:bot policy#Automatic_approval|automatic approval of certain types of bots]]. Other bots should apply below, and then [[m:Steward requests/Bot status|request access]] from a steward if there is no objection.
----

== Bot policy ==
&lt;div style=&quot;background:#E3F9DF; padding:0 10px; border:1px solid #AAA;&quot;&gt;
{{int:hello}}

To facilitate [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Stewards|steward]] granting of bot access, I suggest implementing the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Bot policy|standard bot policy]] on this wiki. In particular, this policy allows stewards to automatically flag known interlanguage linking bots (if this page says that is acceptable). The policy also enables [[m:Bot policy#Global_bots|global bots]] on this wiki (if this page says that is acceptable), which are trusted bots that will be given bot access on every wiki that allows global bots.

This policy makes bot access requesting much easier for local users, operators, and stewards. To implement it we only need to create a redirect to this page (or to the dedicated page the community uses to handle bot approvals) from [[Project:Bot policy]], and add a line at the top noting that it is used here. Please read the text at [[m:Bot policy]] before commenting. If you object, please say so; I hope to implement it soon if there is no objection, since it is particularly written to streamline bot requests on wikis with little or no community interested in bot access requests.

{{int:thank-you}}

--[[avan a kipakamanguanguaq:MarcoAurelio|MarcoAurelio]] ([[kipakamanguanguaq kakaljavaran:MarcoAurelio|maljavar]]) 2022年1月7日 (sikalima qadav na tamiciyuan) 02:53 (CST)

: Done. --[[avan a kipakamanguanguaq:MarcoAurelio|MarcoAurelio]] ([[kipakamanguanguaq kakaljavaran:MarcoAurelio|maljavar]]) 2022年1月22日 (Sikaunem a qadav na tamiciyuan) 05:56 (CST)
::djavadjavay which is Hello in English and 你好 in Mandarin,
::Thank you for your work here. We are new community here on Wikimedia. We are still not familiar with bots or policy here. But it seems you've done some setting for us. Thank you. If there's anything we can help please let us know. maljimalji, masalu! [[avan a kipakamanguanguaq:Iyumu|Iyumu]] ([[kipakamanguanguaq kakaljavaran:Iyumu|maljavar]]) 2022年1月22日 (Sikaunem a qadav na tamiciyuan) 14:23 (CST)
&lt;/div&gt;

== Community Wishlist Survey 2023 opens in January! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''{{int:Please-translate}}''

{{int:Hello}}

The [[m:Community Wishlist Survey 2023|'''Community Wishlist Survey (CWS) 2023''']], which lets contributors propose and vote for tools and improvements, starts next month on Monday, [https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1674496831 23 January 2023, at 18:00 UTC] and will continue annually.

We are inviting you to share your ideas for technical improvements to our tools and platforms. Long experience in editing or technical skills is not required. If you have ever used our software and thought of an idea to improve it, this is the place to come share those ideas!

The dates for the phases of the Survey will be as follows:
* Phase 1: Submit, discuss, and revise proposals – Monday, Jan 23, 2023 to Sunday, Feb 6, 2023
* Phase 2: WMF/Community Tech reviews and organizes proposals – Monday, Jan 30, 2023 to Friday, Feb 10, 2023
* Phase 3: Vote on proposals – Friday, Feb 10, 2023 to Friday, Feb 24, 2023
* Phase 4: Results posted – Tuesday, Feb 28, 2023

If you want to start writing out your ideas ahead of the Survey, you can start thinking about your proposals and draft them in [[m:Community Wishlist Survey/Sandbox|the CWS sandbox]].

We are grateful to all who participated last year. See you in January 2023!
&lt;/div&gt;

{{int:Feedback-thanks-title}} &lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Community Tech, [[m:User:STei (WMF)|STei (WMF)]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 2022年12月13日 (sikadrusa qadav na tamiciyuan) 20:59 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:Sannita (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:STei_(WMF)/CWS_2023_List&amp;oldid=24226232 --&gt;

== Feminism and Folklore 2023 ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2023 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;center&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/center&gt;

Dear Wiki Community,

Christmas Greetings and a Happy New Year 2023,
 
You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2023, to March 31, 2023 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2023|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia.
 
You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023/List of Articles|list]] of suggested articles.
 
Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project:
# Create a page for the contest on the local wiki.
# Set up a fountain tool or dashboard.
# Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes.
# Request local admins for site notice.
# Link the local page and the fountain/dashboard link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023/Project Page|meta project page]].
 
This year we would be supporting the community's financial aid for Internet and childcare support. This would be provided for the local team including their jury and coordinator team. This support is opt-in and non mandatory. Kindly fill in [https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSea81OO0lVgUBd551iIiENXht7BRCISYZlKyBQlemZu_j2OHQ/viewform this Google form] and mark a mail to [mailto:support@wikilovesfolklore.org support@wikilovesfolklore.org] with the subject line starting as [Stipend] Name or Username/Language. The last date to sign up for internet and childcare aid from our team is 20th of January 2023, We encourage the language coordinators to sign up their community on this link by the 25th of January 2023.
 
Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2023/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance.
 
We look forward to your immense coordination.
 
Thank you and Best wishes,

[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2023|Feminism and Folklore 2023 International Team]]

::::Stay connected [[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&amp;nbsp; [[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]

&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
--[[avan a kipakamanguanguaq:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[kipakamanguanguaq kakaljavaran:MediaWiki message delivery|maljavar]]) 2022年12月24日 (Sikaunem a qadav na tamiciyuan) 18:24 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:Tiven2240@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=23942484 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Your wiki will be in read only soon&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Tech/Server switch|閱讀本消息的其他語言版本]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-Tech%2FServer+switch&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]

[[foundation:|維基媒體基金會]]即將測試第一和第二個数据中心之间的切换。 这项举措能够确保维基百科以及其他的维基媒体项目可以在经受灾害冲击时依然维持线上运作。 为确保一切正常，维基媒体技术部门计划进行测试，保证系统能够可靠地在两个数据中心之间切换。测试需要确保多个团队做好准备，修复任何问题。 

所有流量将在'''{{#time:Y年n月j日|2023-03-01|zh}}'''进行切换。 本次測試將會在'''[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/{{#time:U|2023-03-01T14:00|en}} {{#time:H:i e|2023-03-01T14:00}}]'''開始。

因[[mw:Manual:What is MediaWiki?|MediaWiki]]系统限制，切换期间将短期无法进行编辑。 我們在此對您的不便致以歉意，並努力將其影響減至最低。 

'''期间您可以阅读但暂时无法编辑所有的维基。'''

*{{#time:Y年n月j日|2023-03-01|zh}}，您大約有一个小时的时间不能进行编辑。
*届时编辑条目或保存更改时将出现错误信息。 我们希望过程中没有编辑丢失，但无法确保。 如果您看到错误消息，请耐心等待一切恢复正常， 然后保存您的编辑。 保存前请先另行复制一份您的修改，以防万一。

'''其他影響'''：

*后台作业变慢，有些可能被丢弃。 紅鏈可能無法像平時一樣即時更新。 如果您建立了一个新条目，而该条目的名称此前已经在其他页面显示为红色的内部链接，则该链接需要更长的时间才会被更新为蓝色。 一些长时间运行的脚本将停止。
* 我們預期代碼部署將如同往常一般進行。 不過，部分個案代碼可能因操作需要而暫時凍結。
* [[mw:Special:MyLanguage/GitLab|GitLab]]會暫停服務，為時約90分鐘。

如有必要，此项目有可能推迟。  您可以[[wikitech:Switch_Datacenter|在wikitech.wikimedia.org阅读计划]]。 任何變化都將會在這份计划书中更新。 我们将发布更多关于此项目的通知。 每一個維基將會在此行動發生的30分鐘之前顯示一個通告。 '''请把它分享给您的社区。'''&lt;/div&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;server-switch&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;span dir=ltr&gt;[[m:User:Trizek (WMF)|Trizek (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Trizek (WMF)|{{int:talk}}]])&lt;/span&gt; 2023年2月28日 (sikadrusa qadav na tamiciyuan) 05:21 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:Trizek (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=24390465 --&gt;

== Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2023: We are back! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:UCDM 2023 promo.png|180px|right]]
{{int:please-translate}}

Hello, dear Wikipedians!&lt;br/&gt;

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the third edition of writing challenge &quot;'''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2023|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''&quot;, which lasts from 1st until 31st March 2023. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contribution in every language! The most active contesters will receive [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2023/Prizes|prizes]].&lt;br/&gt;

We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[m:CentralNotice/Request/UCDM 2023|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge!
&lt;/div&gt;
[[m:User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|ValentynNefedov (WMUA)]] ([[m:User talk:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|talk]]) 07:58, 1 March 2023 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=23942484 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;2023 年維基媒體國際會議歡迎議程提交&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;wikimania-program-submissions&quot;/&gt;[[File:Wikimania Singapore Logo.svg|right|frameless]]您想在 2023 年維基媒體國際會議（2023 Wikimania）舉辦實體或線上議程嗎？也許是動手實踐工作坊、熱烈討論、有趣的表演、引人入勝的海報或令人難忘的閃電演講？ [[wmania:Special:MyLanguage/2023:Program/Submissions|'''提交截止至 3 月 28 日''']]. 該活動將有專門的混合會議形式，因此也歡迎虛擬提交和預先錄製的影片內容。 如果您有任何疑問，請加入我們即將於 3 月 12 日或 19 日舉行的對話，或通過 wikimania@wikimedia.org 電子郵件聯繫或 Telegram。 維基上有更多信息。&lt;section end=&quot;wikimania-program-submissions&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:CKoerner (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=24390465 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Seeking volunteers for the next step in the Universal Code of Conduct process&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Nominations/Announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Nominations/Announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''

Hello,

As follow-up to [https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/IOMVS7W75ZYMABQGOQ2QH2JAURC3CHGH/ the message about the Universal Code of Conduct Enforcement Guidelines] by Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees Vice Chair, Shani Evenstein Sigalov, I am reaching out about the next steps. I want to bring your attention to the next stage of the Universal Code of Conduct process, which is forming a building committee for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C). I invite community members with experience and deep interest in community health and governance to nominate themselves to be part of the U4C building committee, which needs people who are:

* Community members in good standing
* Knowledgeable about movement community processes, such as, but not limited to, policy drafting, participatory decision making, and application of existing rules and policies on Wikimedia projects
* Aware and appreciative of the diversity of the movement, such as, but not limited to, languages spoken, identity, geography, and project type
* Committed to participate for the entire U4C Building Committee period from mid-May - December 2023
* Comfortable with engaging in difficult, but productive conversations
* Confidently able to communicate in English

The Building Committee shall consist of volunteer community members, affiliate board or staff, and Wikimedia Foundation staff.

The Universal Code of Conduct has been a process strengthened by the skills and knowledge of the community and I look forward to what the U4C Building Committee creates. If you are interested in joining the Building Committee, please either [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/U4C_Building_Committee/Nominations|sign up on the Meta-Wiki page]], or contact ucocproject[[File:At sign.svg|16x16px|link=|(_AT_)]]wikimedia.org by May 12, 2023. '''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/U4C_Building_Committee|Read more on Meta-Wiki]]'''.

Best regards,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:Xeno (WMF)|Xeno (WMF)]] 2023年4月27日 (sikasapatj a qadav na tamiciyuan) 03:00 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:Xeno (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=24941045 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;通用行為準則協調委員會建構委員會遴選&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
《通用行為準則》流程的下一階段是成立一個通用行為準則協調委員會建構委員會，為通用行為準則協調委員會（英文簡稱為：U4C）制定章程。通用行為準則協調委員會建構委員會已經選定。[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/U4C_Building_Committee|請在元維基上閱讀有關成員和未來工作的信息。]]&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Project|UCoC Project Team]], 2023年5月27日 (Sikaunem a qadav na tamiciyuan) 12:20 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=25018085 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; 宣布新的选举委员会成员名单&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee/Nominatons/2023/Announcement - new members|您可以在元維基上找到這則訊息其他語言的翻譯。]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee/Nominatons/2023/Announcement - new members|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections committee/Nominatons/2023/Announcement - new members}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
大家好， 

我们很高兴地宣布[[listarchive:list/wikimedia-l@lists.wikimedia.org/message/4TALOUFPAP2VDBR27GKRVOP7IGQYU3DB/|选举委员会的新成员和顾问]]。[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee|选举委员会]]协助维基媒体基金会董事会设计和实施程序，挑选社群和联盟成员的理事。经过公开的提名过程，最強的候选人已在理事会上發言、四名候选人已被要求加入选举委员会。另外四位候选人已被要求作为顾问一同参与。 

感谢所有提交名字供审议的社群成员。我们期望在不久的将来与选举委员会一起合作。

谨代表维基媒体基金会董事会&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 2023年6月29日 (sikasapatj a qadav na tamiciyuan) 02:00 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=25018085 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;審查《通用行為準則》協調委員會的章程&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt; 
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Announcement - Review|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee/Announcement - Review}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
大家好，

我很高興與大家分享有關[[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct|《通用行為準則》]]工作的下一步。[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|《通用行為準則》協調委員會 (U4C) 章程草案]]現已準備好供您審核。 

[[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal Code of Conduct/Enforcement guidelines|《通用行為準則》執行規範]]要求以[[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#4.5_U4C_Building_Committee|《通用行為準則》協調委員會 (U4C) 建構委員會]]形式起草一份章程，概述被稱為[[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines#4._UCoC_Coordinating_Committee_(U4C)|《通用行為準則》協調委員會（U4C）]]的全球委員會的程序和細節。在過去的幾個月裡，《通用行為準則》協調委員會 (U4C) 建構委員會作為一個小組共同討論和起草了《通用行為準則》協調委員會 (U4C) 的章程。《通用行為準則》協調委員會 (U4C) 建構委員會歡迎大家從現在到 2023 年 9 月 22 日期間就章程草案提供反饋。在此日期之後，《通用行為準則》協調委員會 (U4C) 建構委員會將根據需要修改章程，社群投票將於其後開始。

請在[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/U4C Building Committee#Conversation hours|對話時間]]內加入對話，或立即在在[[m:Talk:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|元維基]]上加入對話。

致以最誠摯的問候，&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]], on behalf of the U4C Building Committee, 2023年8月28日 (sangasangasan a qadav na tamiciyuan) 23:35 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=25392152 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;==为自治體委员会、申诉专员委员会、和案件审查委员会提供机会==&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;margin:.2em 0 .5em;margin-{{#switch:{{PAGELANGUAGE}}|ar|arc|ary|arz|azb|bcc|bgn|ckb|bqi|dv|fa|fa-af|glk|ha-arab|he|kk-arab|kk-cn|ks|ku-arab|ms-arab|mzn|pnb|prd|ps|sd|ug|ur|ydd|yi=right|left}}:3ex;&quot;&gt;
[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments/Announcement/Short|''您可以在元維基上找到這則訊息其他語言的翻譯。'']]

''&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments/Announcement/Short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments/Announcement/Short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/span&gt;''&lt;/div&gt;

大家好！[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations Committee|自治體委员会]]（AffCom）、[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds_commission|申诉专员委员会]]（OC）和[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Trust_and_Safety/Case_Review_Committee|案件审查委员会]]（CRC）正在招募新成员。这些志愿者团体为社群和运动提供重要的结构和监督支持。我们鼓励大家舉薦自己或鼓励他们认为能为这些小组做出贡献的其他人申请加入。在[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Legal department/Committee appointments|'''元维基页面''']]上有更多关于这些小组的作用、所需技能和申请机会的信息。 

謹代表委员会支援小组,&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
~ [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 2023年10月10日 (sikadrusa qadav na tamiciyuan) 00:41 (CST) &lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=25570445 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;請审查并评论2024年维基媒体基金会董事会整套遴选规则&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Rules package review - short| 您可以在元維基上找到這則訊息其他語言的翻譯。]]''
:''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Rules package review - short|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Rules package review - short}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
敬啟者： 

即日起至2023年10月29日，请对维基媒体基金会董事会整套遴选规则进行审核并提出意见。该整套遴选规则由选举委员会基于旧版本制定，将用于2024年董事会遴选。现在提出您的意见将有助于他们提供更顺利、更完善的董事会遴选程序。[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|在元維基頁面上的更多内容]].

順祝商祺

Katie Chan&lt;br&gt;
选举委员会主席&lt;br /&gt;&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

2023年10月17日 (sikadrusa qadav na tamiciyuan) 09:13 (CST)
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== Do you use Wikidata in Wikimedia sibling projects? Tell us about your experiences ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
''Note: Apologies for cross-posting and sending in English.''

Hello, the '''[[m:WD4WMP|Wikidata for Wikimedia Projects]]''' team at Wikimedia Deutschland would like to hear about your experiences using Wikidata in the sibling projects. If you are interested in sharing your opinion and insights, please consider signing up for an interview with us in this '''[https://wikimedia.sslsurvey.de/Wikidata-for-Wikimedia-Interviews Registration form]'''.&lt;br&gt; 
''Currently, we are only able to conduct interviews in English.''

The front page of the form has more details about what the conversation will be like, including how we would '''compensate''' you for your time.

For more information, visit our ''[[m:WD4WMP/AddIssue|project issue page]]'' where you can also share your experiences in written form, without an interview.&lt;br&gt;We look forward to speaking with you, [[m:User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|Danny Benjafield (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)|talk]]) 08:53, 5 January 2024 (UTC)
&lt;/div&gt;
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== Feminism and Folklore 2024 ==

&lt;div style=&quot;border:8px maroon ridge;padding:6px;&gt;

[[File:Feminism and Folklore 2024 logo.svg|centre|550px|frameless]]
::&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;center&gt;''{{int:please-translate}}''&lt;/center&gt;

Dear Wiki Community,

You are humbly invited to organize the '''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024]]''' writing competition from February 1, 2023, to March 31, 2023 on your local Wikipedia. This year, Feminism and Folklore will focus on feminism, women's issues, and gender-focused topics for the project, with a [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|Wiki Loves Folklore]] gender gap focus and a folk culture theme on Wikipedia.
 
You can help Wikipedia's coverage of folklore from your area by writing or improving articles about things like folk festivals, folk dances, folk music, women and queer folklore figures, folk game athletes, women in mythology, women warriors in folklore, witches and witch hunting, fairy tales, and more. Users can help create new articles, expand or translate from a generated list of suggested articles.
 
Organisers are requested to work on the following action items to sign up their communities for the project:
# Create a page for the contest on the local wiki.
# Set up a campaign on '''CampWiz''' tool.
# Create the local list and mention the timeline and local and international prizes.
# Request local admins for site notice.
# Link the local page and the CampWiz link on the [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|meta project page]].

This year, the Wiki Loves Folklore Tech Team has introduced two new tools to enhance support for the campaign. These tools include the '''Article List Generator by Topic''' and '''CampWiz'''. The Article List Generator by Topic enables users to identify articles on the English Wikipedia that are not present in their native language Wikipedia. Users can customize their selection criteria, and the tool will present a table showcasing the missing articles along with suggested titles. Additionally, users have the option to download the list in both CSV and wikitable formats. Notably, the CampWiz tool will be employed for the project for the first time, empowering users to effectively host the project with a jury. Both tools are now available for use in the campaign. [https://tools.wikilovesfolklore.org/ '''Click here to access these tools''']

Learn more about the contest and prizes on our [[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|project page]]. Feel free to contact us on our [[:m:Talk:Feminism and Folklore 2024/Project Page|meta talk page]] or by email us if you need any assistance.
 
We look forward to your immense coordination.
 
Thank you and Best wishes,

'''[[:m:Feminism and Folklore 2024|Feminism and Folklore 2024 International Team]]'''

::::Stay connected [[File:B&amp;W Facebook icon.png|link=https://www.facebook.com/feminismandfolklore/|30x30px]]&amp;nbsp; [[File:B&amp;W Twitter icon.png|link=https://twitter.com/wikifolklore|30x30px]]

&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
--[[avan a kipakamanguanguaq:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[kipakamanguanguaq kakaljavaran:MediaWiki message delivery|maljavar]]) 2024年1月18日 (sikasapatj a qadav na tamiciyuan) 15:26 (CST)

== Wiki Loves Folklore is back! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;

{{int:please-translate}}

[[File:Wiki Loves Folklore Logo.svg|right|150px|frameless]]

Dear Wiki Community,
You are humbly invited to participate in the '''[[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|Wiki Loves Folklore 2024]]''' an international photography contest organized on Wikimedia Commons to document folklore and intangible cultural heritage from different regions, including, folk creative activities and many more. It is held every year from the '''1st till the 31st''' of March.

You can help in enriching the folklore documentation on Commons from your region by taking photos, audios, videos, and [https://commons.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:UploadWizard&amp;campaign=wlf_2024 submitting] them in this commons contest.

You can also [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024/Organize|organize a local contest]] in your country and support us in translating the [[:c:Commons:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024/Translations|project pages]] to help us spread the word in your native language.

Feel free to contact us on our [[:c:Commons talk:Wiki Loves Folklore 2024|project Talk page]] if you need any assistance. 

'''Kind regards,'''

'''Wiki loves Folklore International Team'''

-- [[avan a kipakamanguanguaq:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[kipakamanguanguaq kakaljavaran:MediaWiki message delivery|maljavar]]) 2024年1月18日 (sikasapatj a qadav na tamiciyuan) 15:26 (CST)
&lt;/div&gt;&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:Tiven2240@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=23942484 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;有關《通用行為準則》協調委員會章程的投票&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting opens|您可以在元維基上找到此訊息的其他語言翻譯版本。]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting opens}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
大家好，

我今天聯絡您是為了宣布[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|《通用行為準則》協調委員會]]（U4C）章程的投票期現已開始。社群成員現在可以[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|透過SecurePoll進行投票並提供有關章程的評論]]，直至'''2024年2月2日'''。曾在[[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|《通用行為準則》執行規範]]制定過程中發表意見的人士將會發現這個流程很熟悉。

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|《通用行為準則》協調委員會章程的當前版本]]已在元維基上發布，並提供翻譯版本。 

請閱讀章程，投票並與社群中的其他人分享此訊息。我可以自信地說《通用行為準則》協調委員會期待您的參與。

謹代表《通用行為準則》專案團隊，&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 2024年1月20日 (Sikaunem a qadav na tamiciyuan) 02:08 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=25853527 --&gt;

== Enabling Section Translation: a new mobile translation experience ==

{{int:Hello}} Pinayuanan Wikipedians!

Apologies as this message is not in your language, {{int:Please-translate}}.

The [[mw:Wikimedia_Language_engineering|WMF Language team]] is pleased to let you know about our plans to enable the [[mw:Content_translation/Section_translation|Section translation]] tool in Pinayuanan Wikipedia. For this, our team would want you to read about the tool and test it so you can:

* Give us your feedback

* Ask us questions

* Tell us how to improve it.

Below is background information about Section translation, why we have chosen your community, and how to test it.

'''Background information'''

[[mw:Content_translation|Content Translation]] has been a successful tool for editors to create content in their language. More than one million articles have been created across all languages since the tool was released in 2015. The Wikimedia Foundation Language team has improved the translation experience further with the Section Translation. The WMF Language team enabled the early version of the tool in February 2021 in Bengali Wikipedia. Through their feedback, the tool was improved and ready for your community to test and provide feedback to make it better.

[https://design.wikimedia.org/strategy/section-translation.html Section Translation] extends the capabilities of Content Translation to support mobile devices. On mobile, the tool will:

* Guide you to translate one section at a time in order to expand existing articles or create new ones.

* Make it easy to transfer knowledge across languages anytime from your mobile device.

Pinayuanan Wikipedia seems an ideal candidate to enjoy this new tool since it has a Content Translation tool enabled by default. 

We plan to enable the tool by 15th of February 2024, if there are no objections from your community. After it is enabled, we’ll monitor the content created with the tool and process all the feedback. In any case, feel free to raise any concerns or questions you may already have in any of the following formats:

* As a reply to this message

* On [[mw:Talk:Content_translation/Section_translation|the project talk page]].

'''Try the tool'''

Before the enablement, you can try the current implementation of the tool in [https://test.m.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:ContentTranslation&amp;from=en&amp;to=pwn&amp;sx=true#/sx our testing instance]. Once it is enabled on Pinayuanan Wikipedia, you’ll have access to https://pwn.wikipedia.org/wiki/Special:ContentTranslation with your mobile device. You can select an article to translate, and machine translation will be provided as a starting point for editors to improve.

'''Provide feedback'''

Please provide feedback about Section translation in any of the formats you are most comfortable with. We want to hear about your impressions on:

* The tool

* What you think about our plans to enable it

* Your ideas for improving the tool.

Thanks, and we look forward to your feedback.

[[avan a kipakamanguanguaq:UOzurumba (WMF)|UOzurumba (WMF)]] ([[kipakamanguanguaq kakaljavaran:UOzurumba (WMF)|maljavar]]) 2024年1月27日 (Sikaunem a qadav na tamiciyuan) 06:31 (CST) On behalf of the WMF Language team.

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;《通用行為準則》協調委員會章程的最後投票期&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting reminder|您可以在元維基上找到此訊息的其他語言翻譯版本。]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - voting reminder}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
大家好，

我想提醒大家[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|《通用行為準則》協調委員會]]（U4C）章程的投票期將於'''2024年2月2日'''結束。社群成員可以[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|透過SecurePoll進行投票並提供有關章程的評論]]。曾在[[foundation:Special:MyLanguage/Policy:Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Enforcement_guidelines|《通用行為準則》執行規範]]制定過程中發表意見的人士將會發現這個流程很熟悉。

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|《通用行為準則》協調委員會章程的當前版本]]已在元維基上發布，並提供翻譯版本。 

請閱讀章程，投票並與社群中的其他人分享此訊息。我可以自信地說《通用行為準則》協調委員會期待您的參與。

謹代表《通用行為準則》專案團隊，&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 2024年2月1日 (sikasapatj a qadav na tamiciyuan) 01:00 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=25853527 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;公佈《通用行為準則》協調委員會章程批准投票結果&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - results|您可以在元維基上找到這則訊息其他語言的翻譯。]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:wiki/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Announcement - results}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

各位好，

我們十分感謝大家關注《通用行為準則》的進展。我在此宣佈[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|《通用行為準則》協調委員會章程]]的[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Charter/Voter_information|批准投票]]結果。1746位貢獻者在本次批准投票中投票，1249名選民支持該章程，420名選民不支持。而是次投票過程允許選民對該章程發表評論。 

投票統計報告和選民評論摘要將在未來幾週內在元維基上發佈。

敬請期待後續的進展。

謹代表《通用行為準則》專案團隊，&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 2024年2月13日 (sikadrusa qadav na tamiciyuan) 02:23 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26160150 --&gt;

== 台灣分會2024年2月對話時間 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;padding: 0.5rem 1rem; background: #f5f5f5; border: 1px solid #FFFFCC; margin:1em 0; font-size: 1.08em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:Wikimedia Taiwan.svg|160px|right|alt=|link=]]

[[meta:Wikimedia Taiwan|台灣維基媒體協會]]2024年2月的[[meta:Wikimedia Taiwan Office Time|對話時間]]，&lt;br&gt;
訂於台灣時間'''2/29 (四) 19:00'''舉行，&lt;br&gt;
參與連結為 https://meet.google.com/qiv-ctih-sse 。&lt;br&gt;

想跟更多台灣維基人互動嗎？不知道台灣有個維基協會，或知道協會但不知道他們平常都在幹嘛嗎？對今年第一線資訊有興趣嗎？首次對話時間歡迎一起來聊聊！
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:NHC@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Taiwan_Office_Time/List&amp;oldid=26182737 --&gt;

== Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2024: We are back! ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
[[File:UCDM 2024 general.jpg|180px|right]]
{{int:please-translate}}

Hello, dear Wikipedians!&lt;br/&gt;

[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Ukraine|Wikimedia Ukraine]], in cooperation with the [[:en:Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine|MFA of Ukraine]] and [[:en:Ukrainian Institute|Ukrainian Institute]], has launched the forth edition of writing challenge &quot;'''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month 2024|Ukraine's Cultural Diplomacy Month]]'''&quot;, which lasts from 1st until 31st March 2024. The campaign is dedicated to famous Ukrainian artists of cinema, music, literature, architecture, design and cultural phenomena of Ukraine that are now part of world heritage. We accept contribution in every language! The most active contesters will receive prizes.&lt;br/&gt;

We invite you to take part and help us improve the coverage of Ukrainian culture on Wikipedia in your language! Also, we plan to set up a [[:m:CentralNotice/Request/UCDM 2024|banner]] to notify users of the possibility to participate in such a challenge! [[:m:User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|ValentynNefedov (WMUA)]] ([[:m:User talk:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)|talk]])
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:ValentynNefedov (WMUA)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery/Wikipedia&amp;oldid=26166467 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; 通用行為準則協調委員會組織章程批准報告公布；現正受理協調委員會委員候選人申請登記&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – call for candidates| 您可以在元維基上取得此訊息之其他語言版本；]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – call for candidates}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

您好：

目前，[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|通用行為準則協調委員會]]（U4C）之[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter/Vote results|《組織章程》批准評論報告]]已經公布。此外，自即日起至4月1日止，將受理通用行為準則協調委員會委員候選人申請登記。

通用行為準則協調委員會致力於公正執行《通用行為準則》（UCoC）之規定。我們歡迎社群成員申請登記為協調委員會委員候選人。有關委員會職責及其他資訊，詳見[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|組織章程]]頁面。

依《組織章程》規定，通用行為準則協調委員會置委員16人，其中有8人由全體社群成員選出，另有8人按地區分配選出，以確保協調委員會有效反映社群多元組成。

有關候選人申請登記辦法及其他具體細節，詳見[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|元維基頁面]]。

謹代表《通用行為準則》專案團隊，&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 2024年3月6日 (sikatjelu a qadav na tamiciyuan) 00:25 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26276337 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; 維基媒體基金會理事會 2024 遴選&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
: ''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement| 您可以在元維基上找到此訊息的其他語言翻譯版本。]]''
: ''&lt;div class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement|{{int:interlanguage-link-mul}}]] • [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Announcement/Selection announcement}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]&lt;/div&gt;''
大家好，

今年，維基媒體基金會理事會的四名由社群和維基媒體自治體選出的理事會成員的任期將會結束[1]。維基媒體基金會理事會邀請整個維基媒體運動參與今年的選拔過程並投票填補這些席位。

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections committee|維基媒體基金會理事會選舉委員會]]將在維基媒體基金會工作人員的支持下監督這一過程[2]。維基媒體基金會理事會治理委員會從無法參與 2024 年由社群和維基媒體自治體選出的理事會成員遴選過程候選人的理事會成員中成立了一個理事會遴選工作小組，由Dariusz Jemielniak，Nataliia Tymkiv，Esra'a Al Shafei，Kathy Collins，和 Shani Evenstein Sigalov 組成[3]。該小組的任務是為維基媒體基金會理事會監督 2024 年理事會成員選擇流程，並向理事會通報情況。請參閱此處以了解有關選舉委員會、理事會和工作人員角色的更多詳細資訊 [4]。 

以下是已計劃的主要日期：

*  2024 年 5 月：徵集候選人和問題
*  2024 年 6 月：維基媒體自治體投票選出 12 名候選人入圍名單（如果只有 15 名或以下候選人申請，則不設入圍名單）[5]
*  2024 年 6 月至 8 月：競選活動期間
*  2024 年 8 月底/9 月初：為期兩週的社群投票期
*  2024 年 10 月至 11 月：已獲選候選人的背景調查
*  2024 年 12 月舉行的維基媒體基金會理事會會議：新理事會成員就任

請在[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|此元維基頁面]]上了解有關 2024 年維基媒體基金會理事會選舉流程的更多信息，包括詳細的時間表、候選流程、競選規則和選民資格標準，並制定您的計劃。

'''選舉志願者'''

參與維基媒體基金會理事會 2024 選舉過程的另一種方式是成為選舉志願者。選舉志願者是選舉委員會與其各自社群之間的橋樑。他們幫助確保他們的社群得到代表並動員他們投票。請在此 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Election Volunteers|元維基頁面]] 上了解有關該計劃以及如何加入的更多資訊。

此致，

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Pundit|Dariusz Jemielniak]] (維基媒體基金會理事會治理委員會主席、維基媒體基金會理事會選舉工作小組)

[1] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2021/Results#Elected

[2] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Committee:Elections_Committee_Charter

[3] https://foundation.wikimedia.org/wiki/Minutes:2023-08-15#Governance_Committee

[4] https://meta.wikimedia.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections_committee/Roles

[5] 儘管理想的人數是 12 名候選人競選 4 個空缺席位，但如果超過 15 名候選人參選，就會觸發入圍名單流程，因為被剔除的 1 至 3 名候選人可能會感到被排斥。對於維基媒體自治體來說，只從候選人名單中剔除 1 至 3 名候選人的入圍名單程序將是一項繁重的工作。&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe_(WMF)|MPossoupe_(WMF)]]2024年3月13日 (sikatjelu a qadav na tamiciyuan) 03:57 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26349432 --&gt;

== 台灣分會2024年3月對話時間 ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;div style=&quot;padding: 0.5rem 1rem; background: #f5f5f5; border: 1px solid #FFFFCC; margin:1em 0; font-size: 1.08em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:Wikimedia Taiwan.svg|160px|right|alt=|link=]]

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Taiwan|台灣維基媒體協會]]2024年3月的[[m:Wikimedia Taiwan/Wikimedia Taiwan Office Time|對話時間]]，&lt;br&gt;
訂於台灣時間'''3/30 (六) 14:00'''舉行，&lt;br&gt;
參與連結為 https://meet.google.com/mvd-jwng-brh 。&lt;br&gt;

想跟更多台灣維基人互動嗎？不知道台灣有個維基協會，或知道協會但不知道他們平常都在幹嘛嗎？本次對話時間將針對鼓勵提高台灣社群參與度進行討論，歡迎一起來聊聊！

-- [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Taiwan|Wikimedia Taiwan]] 2024年3月28日 (sikasapatj a qadav na tamiciyuan) 18:02 (CST)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:NHC@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Taiwan/Wikimedia_Taiwan_Office_Time/List&amp;oldid=26298276 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;現在投票選出第一屆《通用行為準則》協調委員會成員&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote opens|您可以在元維基上找到這則訊息其他語言的翻譯。]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – vote opens}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

各位好，

我在此通知您，《通用行為準則》協調委員會（英文簡稱為：U4C）的投票期現已開放，截止日期為 2024 年 5 月 9 日。請閱讀[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|元維基上的投票頁面]]以了解有關投票和選民資格的更多資訊。

《通用行為準則》協調委員會（英文簡稱為：U4C）是一個致力於公平地和一致地實施《通用行為準則》的全球性組織。社群成員受邀提交《通用行為準則》協調委員會候選人申請。如需了解更多資訊和《通用行為準則》協調委員會的職責，請[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|查看《通用行為準則》協調委員會的章程]]。

請與您的社群成員分享此訊息，以便他們可以參與是次投票。

謹代表《通用行為準則》專案團隊，&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 2024年4月26日 (sikalima qadav na tamiciyuan) 04:20 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26390244 --&gt;

== 台灣分會2024年4月對話時間 ==

&lt;div style=&quot;padding: 0.5rem 1rem; background: #f5f5f5; border: 1px solid #FFFFCC; margin:1em 0; font-size: 1.08em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:Wikimedia Taiwan.svg|160px|right|alt=|link=]]

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Taiwan|台灣維基媒體協會]]2024年4月的[[m:Wikimedia Taiwan/Wikimedia Taiwan Office Time|對話時間]]，&lt;br&gt;
訂於台灣時間'''4/29 (一) 19:00'''舉行，&lt;br&gt;
參與連結為 https://meet.google.com/qiv-ctih-sse 。&lt;br&gt;

想跟更多台灣維基人互動嗎？方才自柏林歸來的Wikimedia Summit心得收穫與感想、以及即將截止的COSCUP議程軌報名，本次對話時間將針對上述兩項活動進行討論，歡迎一起來聊聊！

--[[avan a kipakamanguanguaq:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[kipakamanguanguaq kakaljavaran:MediaWiki message delivery|maljavar]]) 2024年4月26日 (sikalima qadav na tamiciyuan) 04:28 (CST)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:NHC@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Taiwan/Wikimedia_Taiwan_Office_Time/List&amp;oldid=26298276 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;報名參加語言社群會議（5月31日 16:00 UTC舉行）&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;大家好，

下一場語言社群會議將於幾週後舉行，日期與時間是5月31日 16:00 UTC。如果您有興趣，可以[https://www.mediawiki.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Language_engineering/Community_meetings#31_May_2024 在此wiki頁面報名]。

這是由參與者驅動的會議，我們在會議中分享與各項專案相關的語言更新，共同探討與各語言版本維基相關的技術問題，並集思廣益尋找可能的解決方案。例如，在上次會議中，討論主題包括機器翻譯服務（MinT）及其目前支援的語言和模型、Kiwix團隊的在地化工作，以及孟加拉語維基文庫使用的檔案數值排序所面臨的技術挑戰。

關於分享您所在的專案相關的技術更新，您有什麼想法？您希望在會議期間討論什麼問題？您是否需要從英語到其他語言的口譯支援？請傳送電郵至ssethi(__AT__)wikimedia.org與我聯繫，並[[etherpad:p/language-community-meeting-may-2024|新增議程項目至此文件中]]。

我們期待您的參與！
&lt;section end=&quot;message&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

&lt;bdi lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;[[User:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]]&lt;/bdi&gt; 2024年5月15日 (sikatjelu a qadav na tamiciyuan) 05:22 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:SSethi (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26390244 --&gt;

== 台灣分會2024年5月對話時間 ==

&lt;div style=&quot;padding: 0.5rem 1rem; background: #f5f5f5; border: 1px solid #FFFFCC; margin:1em 0; font-size: 1.08em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:Wikimedia Taiwan.svg|160px|right|alt=|link=]]

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Taiwan|台灣維基媒體協會]]2024年5月的[[m:Wikimedia Taiwan/Wikimedia Taiwan Office Time|對話時間]]，&lt;br&gt;
訂於台灣時間'''5/25 (一) 14:00'''舉行，&lt;br&gt;
參與連結為 https://meet.google.com/qiv-ctih-sse 。&lt;br&gt;
想跟更多台灣維基人互動嗎？不知道台灣有個維基協會，或知道協會但不知道他們平常都在幹嘛嗎？本次對話時間將針對ESEAP Conference與會經驗進行討論，歡迎一起來聊聊！ 

--[[avan a kipakamanguanguaq:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[kipakamanguanguaq kakaljavaran:MediaWiki message delivery|maljavar]]) 2024年5月21日 (sikadrusa qadav na tamiciyuan) 09:56 (CST)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:NHC@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Taiwan/Wikimedia_Taiwan_Office_Time/List&amp;oldid=26298276 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt; Feedback invited on Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle/Invitation for feedback (MM)|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle/Invitation for feedback (MM)}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

[[File:Sibling Project Lifecycle Conversation 3.png|150px|right|link=:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle]]

Dear community members,

The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee|Community Affairs Committee]] (CAC) of the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees|Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees]] invites you to give feedback on a '''[[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle|draft Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle]]'''. This draft Procedure outlines proposed steps and requirements for opening and closing Wikimedia Sibling Projects, and aims to ensure any newly approved projects are set up for success. This is separate from the procedures for opening or closing language versions of projects, which is handled by the [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Language committee|Language Committee]] or [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Closing_projects_policy|closing projects policy]]. 

You can find the details on [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Wikimedia Foundation Community Affairs Committee/Procedure for Sibling Project Lifecycle#Review|this page]], as well as the ways to give your feedback from today until the end of the day on '''June 23, 2024''', anywhere on Earth. 

You can also share information about this with the interested project communities you work with or support, and you can also help us translate the procedure into more languages, so people can join the discussions in their own language.

On behalf of the CAC,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 2024年5月22日 (sikatjelu a qadav na tamiciyuan) 10:25 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26390244 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;公告第一屆《通用行為準則》協調委員會&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – results|您可以在元維基上找到這則訊息其他語言的翻譯。]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024/Announcement – results}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

您好，

監票員已完成監票工作。我們會持續跟進[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024|《通用行為準則》協調委員會選舉]]的結果。 

在此恭喜以下用戶成為《通用行為準則》協調委員會的區域代表（任期兩年）：

* 北美地區（美國及加拿大）
** –
* 北歐及西歐地區
** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Ghilt|Ghilt]]
* 拉丁美洲與加勒比地區
** –
* 中歐及東歐地區
** —
* 撒哈拉以南非洲地區
** –
* 中東及北非地區
** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Ibrahim.ID|Ibrahim.ID]]
* 東亞、東南亞及太平洋地區
** [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:0xDeadbeef|0xDeadbeef]]
* 南亞地區
** –

也恭喜以下用戶成為《通用行為準則》協調委員會的的社群成員代表（任期一年）：

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Barkeep49|Barkeep49]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Superpes15|Superpes15]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Civvì|Civvì]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/User:Luke081515|Luke081515]]
* –
* –
* –
* –

再次感謝參與這一進程的所有人，衷心感謝參選人對維基媒體運動和社區的引領和奉獻。

在接下來的幾周里，U4C將召開會議規劃2024-2025年的工作以支持UCoC和執行指南的實施和審查。請在[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|元維基]]上關注他們的工作。

謹代表《通用行為準則》專案團隊，&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 2024年6月3日 (sangasangasan a qadav na tamiciyuan) 16:15 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26390244 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;維基媒體運動憲章的最終文本現已發佈在元維基上&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final draft available|您可以在元維基上找到這則訊息其他語言的翻譯版本。]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final draft available}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
大家好，

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|維基媒體運動憲章]]的最終文本現已以二十多種語言發佈在元維基上供您閱讀。

'''維基媒體運動憲章是什麼？

維基媒體運動憲章是一份建議文件，旨在定義維基媒體運動所有成員和實體的角色和責任，包括創建一個新機構——全球理事會（Global Council）——以進行維基媒體運動的治理。

'''請參與維基媒體運動憲章的「發佈派對」'''

請參與 '''2024 年 6 月 20 日''' '''14.00-15.00 世界協調時間'''（[https://zonestamp.toolforge.org/1718892000 您的當地時間]）的 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Event:Movement Charter Launch Party|「發佈派對」]]。在這次線上會議中，我們將慶祝維基媒體運動憲章最終版本的發佈，並介紹其內容。請在投票之前參與此線上會議，並了解維基媒體運動憲章。

'''維基媒體運動憲章批准投票'''

投票將於'''2024 年 6 月 25 日''' '''00:01（世界協調時間）'''在安全投票上開始，並將於'''2024 年 7 月 9 日''' '''23:59（世界協調時間）'''結束。請在元維基上閱讀有關[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting|投票流程、投票資格標準和其他詳細資訊]]。

如果您有任何疑問，請在[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement Charter|元維基的討論頁面]]上發表評論或發送電子郵件至維基媒體運動憲章起草委員會[mailto:mcdc@wikimedia.org mcdc@wikimedia.org]。

謹代表維基媒體運動憲章起草委員會，&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 2024年6月11日 (sikadrusa qadav na tamiciyuan) 16:44 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26390244 --&gt;

== 台灣分會2024年6月對話時間 ==

&lt;div style=&quot;padding: 0.5rem 1rem; background: #f5f5f5; border: 1px solid #FFFFCC; margin:1em 0; font-size: 1.08em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:Wikimedia Taiwan.svg|160px|right|alt=|link=]]

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Taiwan|台灣維基媒體協會]]2024年6月的[[m:Wikimedia Taiwan/Wikimedia Taiwan Office Time|對話時間]]，&lt;br&gt;
訂於台灣時間'''6/27 (一) 19:00'''舉行，&lt;br&gt;
參與連結為 https://meet.google.com/qiv-ctih-sse 。&lt;br&gt;

想跟更多台灣維基人互動嗎？不知道台灣有個維基協會，或知道協會但不知道他們平常都在幹嘛嗎？本次對話時間將針對現行仲裁委員會制度進行分析，歡迎一起來聊聊，並填寫會前[https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSfSVGcXjC9Lcj0pFV6QIi0kz-SBhMSvLzjLNrWBrHQM5GY7sg/viewform 提問表單]！ 

--[[avan a kipakamanguanguaq:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[kipakamanguanguaq kakaljavaran:MediaWiki message delivery|maljavar]]) 2024年6月25日 (sikadrusa qadav na tamiciyuan) 07:20 (CST)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:NHC@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Taiwan/Wikimedia_Taiwan_Office_Time/List&amp;oldid=26298276 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;批准維基媒體運動憲章的投票現已開放 – 請投下您的一票&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Ratification vote opens|您可以在元維基上找到這則訊息其他語言的翻譯版本。]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Ratification vote opens}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
大家好，

批准 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|'''維基媒體運動憲章''']] 的投票現已開放。維基媒體運動憲章是一份定義維基媒體運動所有成員和實體的角色和責任的文件，包括創建一個新的機構——全球理事會（Global Council）——來進行維基媒體運動的治理。

維基媒體運動憲章的最終版本[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|在元維基上以不同語言提供]]。

投票將於'''2024 年 6 月 25 日''' '''00:01（世界協調時間）'''在安全投票上開始，並將於'''2024 年 7 月 9 日''' '''23:59（世界協調時間）'''結束。請閱讀有關[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting|選民資訊和投票資格的詳細資訊]]。

閱讀維基媒體運動憲章後，請[[Special:SecurePoll/vote/398|'''投票''']]並進一步向您的社群分享此資訊。

如果您對批准投票有任何疑問，請聯絡維基媒體運動憲章選舉委員會 [mailto:cec@wikimedia.org '''cec@wikimedia.org''']。

謹代表維基媒體運動憲章選舉委員會，&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 2024年6月25日 (sikadrusa qadav na tamiciyuan) 18:52 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26989444 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;批准維基媒體運動憲章的投票即將結束&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final reminder|您可以在元維基上找到這則訊息其他語言的翻譯。]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Final reminder}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
大家好，

謹此提醒您，批准 [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|維基媒體運動憲章]] 的投票期將於'''2024 年 7 月 9 日''' '''23:59 （世界協調時間）'''結束。

&lt;div class=&quot;mw-translate-fuzzy&quot;&gt;
如果您尚未投票，請在此 [[m:Special:SecurePoll/vote/398|SecurePoll]] 上的連結]投票。
&lt;/div&gt; 

謹代表[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement_Charter/Ratification/Voting#Electoral_Commission|維基媒體運動憲章選舉委員會]]，&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 2024年7月8日 (sangasangasan a qadav na tamiciyuan) 11:45 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26989444 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;U4C Special Election - Call for Candidates&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – call for candidates|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – call for candidates}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Hello all,

A special election has been called to fill additional vacancies on the U4C. The call for candidates phase is open from now through July 19, 2024.

The [[:m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee]] (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the [[:foundation:Wikimedia Foundation Universal Code of Conduct|UCoC]]. Community members are invited to submit their applications in the special election for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please review the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|U4C Charter]].

In this special election, according to [[Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter#2. Elections and Terms|chapter 2 of the U4C charter]], there are 9 seats available on the U4C: '''four''' community-at-large seats and '''five''' regional seats to ensure the U4C represents the diversity of the movement. [[Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter#5. Glossary|No more than two members of the U4C can be elected from the same home wiki]]. Therefore, candidates must not have English Wikipedia, German Wikipedia, or Italian Wikipedia as their home wiki.

Read more and submit your application on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|Meta-wiki]].

In cooperation with the U4C,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 2024年7月10日 (sikatjelu a qadav na tamiciyuan) 08:03 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26989444 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Wikimedia Movement Charter ratification voting results&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Results of the ratification vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Movement Charter/Drafting Committee/Announcement - Results of the ratification vote}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''
Hello everyone,

After carefully tallying both individual and affiliate votes, the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter/Ratification/Voting#Electoral Commission|Charter Electoral Commission]] is pleased to announce the final results of the Wikimedia Movement Charter voting.  

As [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Talk:Movement Charter#Thank you for your participation in the Movement Charter ratification vote!|communicated]] by the Charter Electoral Commission, we reached the quorum for both Affiliate and individual votes by the time the vote closed on '''July 9, 23:59 UTC'''. We thank all 2,451 individuals and 129 Affiliate representatives who voted in the ratification process. Your votes and comments are invaluable for the future steps in Movement Strategy.

The final results of the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Movement Charter|Wikimedia Movement Charter]] ratification voting held between 25 June and 9 July 2024 are as follows: 

'''Individual vote:'''

Out of 2,451 individuals who voted as of July 9 23:59 (UTC), 2,446 have been accepted as valid votes. Among these, '''1,710''' voted “yes”; '''623''' voted “no”; and '''113''' selected “–” (neutral). Because the neutral votes don’t count towards the total number of votes cast, 73.30% voted to approve the Charter (1710/2333), while 26.70% voted to reject the Charter (623/2333).

'''Affiliates vote:'''

Out of 129 Affiliates designated voters who voted as of July 9 23:59 (UTC), 129 votes are confirmed as valid votes. Among these, '''93''' voted “yes”; '''18''' voted “no”; and '''18''' selected “–” (neutral). Because the neutral votes don’t count towards the total number of votes cast, 83.78% voted to approve the Charter (93/111), while 16.22% voted to reject the Charter (18/111).

'''Board of Trustees of the Wikimedia Foundation:'''

The Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees voted '''not to ratify''' the proposed Charter during their special Board meeting on July 8, 2024. The Chair of the Wikimedia Foundation Board of Trustees, Nataliia Tymkiv, [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_Board_noticeboard/Board_resolution_and_vote_on_the_proposed_Movement_Charter|shared the result of the vote, the resolution, meeting minutes and proposed next steps]].  

With this, the Wikimedia Movement Charter in its current revision is '''not ratified'''.

We thank you for your participation in this important moment in our movement’s governance.

The Charter Electoral Commission,

[[m:User:Abhinav619|Abhinav619]], [[m:User:Borschts|Borschts]], [[m:User:Iwuala Lucy|Iwuala Lucy]], [[m:User:Tochiprecious|Tochiprecious]], [[m:User:Der-Wir-Ing|Der-Wir-Ing]]&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[avan a kipakamanguanguaq:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[kipakamanguanguaq kakaljavaran:MediaWiki message delivery|maljavar]]) 2024年7月19日 (sikalima qadav na tamiciyuan) 01:52 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26989444 --&gt;

== 台灣分會2024年7月對話時間 ==

&lt;div style=&quot;padding: 0.5rem 1rem; background: #f5f5f5; border: 1px solid #FFFFCC; margin:1em 0; font-size: 1.08em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:Wikimedia Taiwan.svg|160px|right|alt=|link=]]

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Taiwan|台灣維基媒體協會]]2024年7月的[[m:Wikimedia Taiwan/Wikimedia Taiwan Office Time|對話時間]]，&lt;br&gt;
訂於台灣時間'''7/28 (日) 14:00'''舉行，&lt;br&gt;
參與連結為 https://meet.google.com/qiv-ctih-sse 。&lt;br&gt;
想跟更多台灣維基人互動嗎？不知道台灣有個維基協會，或知道協會但不知道他們平常都在幹嘛嗎？本次對話時間將針對維基媒體運動憲章投票結果進行分析，歡迎一起來聊聊！ 

--[[avan a kipakamanguanguaq:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[kipakamanguanguaq kakaljavaran:MediaWiki message delivery|maljavar]]) 2024年7月25日 (sikasapatj a qadav na tamiciyuan) 12:02 (CST)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:NHC@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Taiwan/Wikimedia_Taiwan_Office_Time/List&amp;oldid=26298276 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Vote now to fill vacancies of the first U4C&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – voting opens|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – voting opens}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

I am writing to you to let you know the voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is open now through '''August 10, 2024'''. Read the information on the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|voting page on Meta-wiki]] to learn more about voting and voter eligibility.

The Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community members were invited to submit their applications for the U4C. For more information and the responsibilities of the U4C, please [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Charter|review the U4C Charter]].

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

In cooperation with the U4C,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 2024年7月27日 (Sikaunem a qadav na tamiciyuan) 10:47 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=26989444 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;Reminder! Vote closing soon to fill vacancies of the first U4C&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – reminder to vote|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement – reminder to vote}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Dear all,

The voting period for the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) is closing soon. It is open through 10 August 2024. Read the information on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal_Code_of_Conduct/Coordinating_Committee/Election/2024_Special_Election#Voting|the voting page on Meta-wiki to learn more about voting and voter eligibility]]. If you are eligible to vote and have not voted in this special election, it is important that you vote now.

'''Why should you vote?''' The U4C is a global group dedicated to providing an equitable and consistent implementation of the UCoC. Community input into the committee membership is critical to the success of the UCoC.

Please share this message with members of your community so they can participate as well.

In cooperation with the U4C,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 2024年8月6日 (sikadrusa qadav na tamiciyuan) 23:30 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=27183190 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;即將推出：新的子參考功能 – 試用看看吧！&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;Sub-referencing&quot;/&gt;
[[File:Sub-referencing reuse visual.png|{{#ifeq:{{#dir}}|ltr|right|left}}|400px]]
您好。多年來，社群成員一直要求一種簡單的方法來重複使用參考資料，又能修改其中的一些細節。現在，MediaWiki解決方案即將推出：新的子參考功能將能用於wikitext和視覺化編輯器，並將增強現有的參考系統。您可以繼續使用其他引用方式，但您可能會在其他使用者撰寫的條目中遇到子參考。更多資訊請參閱[[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|專案頁面]]。

'''我們需要您的回饋'''來確保此功能適合您：

* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing#Test|試用]]&lt;nowiki/&gt;beta維基上的當前開發狀態，[[m:Talk:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing|告訴我們您的想法]]。 
* [[m:WMDE Technical Wishes/Sub-referencing/Sign-up|在此登記]]來獲取更新或受邀參加用戶研究活動。

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Deutschland|德國維基媒體協會]]的[[m:Special:MyLanguage/WMDE Technical Wishes|技術願望]]團隊計劃在今年稍後將此功能引入維基媒體維基。我們將事先聯繫參考相關的工具和模板的創建者/維護者。

請協助廣傳這則訊息。 --[[m:User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|Johannes Richter (WMDE)]] ([[m:User talk:Johannes Richter (WMDE)|talk]]) 10:36, 19 August 2024 (UTC)
&lt;section end=&quot;Sub-referencing&quot;/&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:Johannes Richter (WMDE)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Johannes_Richter_(WMDE)/Sub-referencing/massmessage_list&amp;oldid=27309345 --&gt;

== Sign up for the language community meeting on August 30th, 15:00 UTC ==

Hi all,

The next language community meeting is scheduled in a few weeks—on August 30th at 15:00 UTC. If you're interested in joining, you can [https://www.mediawiki.org/wiki/Wikimedia_Language_and_Product_Localization/Community_meetings#30_August_2024 sign up on this wiki page].

This participant-driven meeting will focus on sharing language-specific updates related to various projects, discussing technical issues related to language wikis, and working together to find possible solutions. For example, in the last meeting, topics included the Language Converter, the state of language research, updates on the Incubator conversations, and technical challenges around external links not working with special characters on Bengali sites.

Do you have any ideas for topics to share technical updates or discuss challenges? Please add agenda items to the document [https://etherpad.wikimedia.org/p/language-community-meeting-aug-2024 here] and reach out to ssethi(__AT__)wikimedia.org. We look forward to your participation!

[[avan a kipakamanguanguaq:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[kipakamanguanguaq kakaljavaran:MediaWiki message delivery|maljavar]]) 2024年8月23日 (sikalima qadav na tamiciyuan) 07:19 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:SSethi (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=27183190 --&gt;

== 台灣分會2024年8月對話時間 ==

&lt;div style=&quot;padding: 0.5rem 1rem; background: #f5f5f5; border: 1px solid #FFFFCC; margin:1em 0; font-size: 1.08em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:Wikimedia Taiwan.svg|160px|right|alt=|link=]]

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Taiwan|台灣維基媒體協會]]2024年8月的[[m:Wikimedia Taiwan/Wikimedia Taiwan Office Time|對話時間]]，&lt;br&gt;
訂於台灣時間'''8/28 (三) 19:00'''舉行，&lt;br&gt;
參與連結為 https://meet.google.com/qiv-ctih-sse 。&lt;br&gt;
想跟更多台灣維基人互動嗎？不知道台灣有個維基協會，或知道協會但不知道他們平常都在幹嘛嗎？本次對話時間將針對Wikimania與會經驗進行討論，歡迎一起來聊聊！ 

--[[avan a kipakamanguanguaq:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[kipakamanguanguaq kakaljavaran:MediaWiki message delivery|maljavar]]) 2024年8月26日 (sangasangasan a qadav na tamiciyuan) 05:56 (CST)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:NHC@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Taiwan/Wikimedia_Taiwan_Office_Time/List&amp;oldid=26298276 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;Announcing the Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
:''[https://lists.wikimedia.org/hyperkitty/list/board-elections@lists.wikimedia.org/thread/OKCCN2CANIH2K7DXJOL2GPVDFWL27R7C/ Original message at wikimedia-l]. [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement - results|You can find this message translated into additional languages on Meta-wiki.]] [https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Special:Translate&amp;group=page-{{urlencode:Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Announcement - results}}&amp;language=&amp;action=page&amp;filter= {{int:please-translate}}]''

Hello all,

The scrutineers have finished reviewing the vote and the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Elections Committee|Elections Committee]] have certified the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election/Results|results]] for the [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee/Election/2024 Special Election|Universal Code of Conduct Coordinating Committee (U4C) special election]].

I am pleased to announce the following individual as regional members of the U4C, who will fulfill a term until 15 June 2026:

* North America (USA and Canada)
** Ajraddatz

The following seats were not filled during this special election:

* Latin America and Caribbean
* Central and East Europe (CEE)
* Sub-Saharan Africa
* South Asia
* The four remaining Community-At-Large seats

Thank you again to everyone who participated in this process and much appreciation to the candidates for your leadership and dedication to the Wikimedia movement and community.

Over the next few weeks, the U4C will begin meeting and planning the 2024-25 year in supporting the implementation and review of the UCoC and Enforcement Guidelines. You can follow their work on [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Universal Code of Conduct/Coordinating Committee|Meta-Wiki]].

On behalf of the U4C and the Elections Committee,&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[m:User:RamzyM (WMF)|RamzyM (WMF)]] 2024年9月2日 (sangasangasan a qadav na tamiciyuan) 22:06 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=27183190 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;表達您的意見：投票選出 2024 年維基媒體基金會理事會成員!&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
大家好，

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|維基媒體基金會理事會選舉2024]]的投票期現已開放。是次選舉。 有十二 (12) 位候選人，以競選維基媒體基金會理事會的四 (4) 個席位。

請透過[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024/Candidates|閱讀他們的候選人陳述]]和他們的[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Questions_for_candidates|對社群問題的回答]]，以了解更多有關候選人的資訊。

當您準備好後，並前往[[Special:SecurePoll/vote/400|SecurePoll]]投票頁面進行投票。'''投票開放時間為 9 月 3 日 00:00 （世界協調時間）至 9 月 17 日 23:59（世界協調時間）。'''

如希望檢查您的選民資格，請前往[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Voter_eligibility_guidelines|選民資格頁面]]。

祝好，

選舉委員會和維基媒體基金會理事會選舉工作小組&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[avan a kipakamanguanguaq:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[kipakamanguanguaq kakaljavaran:MediaWiki message delivery|maljavar]]) 2024年9月3日 (sikadrusa qadav na tamiciyuan) 20:14 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:RamzyM (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=27183190 --&gt;

== 台灣分會2024年9月對話時間 ==

&lt;div style=&quot;padding: 0.5rem 1rem; background: #f5f5f5; border: 1px solid #FFFFCC; margin:1em 0; font-size: 1.08em;&quot;&gt;
[[File:Wikimedia Taiwan.svg|160px|right|alt=|link=]]

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Taiwan|台灣維基媒體協會]]2024年9月的[[m:Wikimedia Taiwan/Wikimedia Taiwan Office Time|對話時間]]，&lt;br&gt;
訂於台灣時間'''9/28 (六) 14:00'''舉行，&lt;br&gt;
參與連結為 https://meet.google.com/qiv-ctih-sse 。&lt;br&gt;
想跟更多台灣維基人互動嗎？不知道台灣有個維基協會，或知道協會但不知道他們平常都在幹嘛嗎？本次對話時間將討論故宮合作案消息，歡迎一起來聊聊！

--[[avan a kipakamanguanguaq:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[kipakamanguanguaq kakaljavaran:MediaWiki message delivery|maljavar]]) 2024年9月24日 (sikadrusa qadav na tamiciyuan) 01:51 (CST)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:NHC@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Wikimedia_Taiwan/Wikimedia_Taiwan_Office_Time/List&amp;oldid=26298276 --&gt;

== 'Wikidata item' link is moving. Find out where... ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;en&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot; class=&quot;mw-content-ltr&quot;&gt;&lt;i&gt;Apologies for cross-posting in English. Please consider translating this message.&lt;/i&gt;{{tracked|T66315}}

Hello everyone, a small change will soon be coming to the user-interface of your Wikimedia project.
The [[d:Q16222597|Wikidata item]] [[w:|sitelink]] currently found under the &lt;span style=&quot;color: #54595d;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;''General''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt; section of the '''Tools''' sidebar menu will move into the &lt;span style=&quot;color: #54595d;&quot;&gt;&lt;u&gt;''In Other Projects''&lt;/u&gt;&lt;/span&gt; section.

We would like the Wiki communities feedback so please let us know or ask questions on the   [[m:Talk:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|Discussion page]] before we enable the change which can take place October 4 2024, circa 15:00 UTC+2.
More information can be found on [[m:Wikidata_For_Wikimedia_Projects/Projects/Move_Wikidata_item_link|the project page]].&lt;br&gt;&lt;br&gt;We welcome your feedback and questions.&lt;br&gt; [[avan a kipakamanguanguaq:MediaWiki message delivery|MediaWiki message delivery]] ([[kipakamanguanguaq kakaljavaran:MediaWiki message delivery|maljavar]]) 2024年9月28日 (Sikaunem a qadav na tamiciyuan) 02:58 (CST)
&lt;/div&gt;
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:Danny Benjafield (WMDE)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=User:Danny_Benjafield_(WMDE)/MassMessage_Test_List&amp;oldid=27524260 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;2024年維基媒體基金會理事會選舉的初步結果&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
大家好，

我們在此感謝所有參與[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation elections/2024|2024年維基媒體基金會理事會選舉]]的人士。來自180個以上維基媒體專案的近6000名社群成員已投票。

以下四位候選人得票最多：

# [[User:Kritzolina|Christel Steigenberger]]
# [[User:Nadzik|Maciej Artur Nadzikiewicz]]
# [[User:Victoria|Victoria Doronina]]
# [[User:Laurentius|Lorenzo Losa]]

儘管這些候選人已透過投票得出名次，但他們仍需要被任命為維基媒體基金會理事會成員。他們需要成功通過背景調查，並滿足章程中規定的資格。新的維基媒體基金會理事會成員將於2024年12月舉行的下一次維基媒體基金會理事會會議上任命。

[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation_elections/2024/Results|請閱讀元維基上的選舉結果。]]

祝好，

選舉委員會和維基媒體基金會理事會選舉工作小組

&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

[[User:MPossoupe_(WMF)|MPossoupe_(WMF)]] 2024年10月14日 (sangasangasan a qadav na tamiciyuan) 16:25 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:MPossoupe (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=27183190 --&gt;

== &lt;span lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;尋找志願者加入維基媒體運動的委員會&lt;/span&gt; ==

&lt;div lang=&quot;zh&quot; dir=&quot;ltr&quot;&gt;
&lt;section begin=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
每年10月至12月間，維基媒體基金會若干委員會均會招募志願者。 

請在元維基頁面上閱讀有關委員會的更多資訊：
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Affiliations_Committee|自治體委員會（Affiliations Committee，AffCom）]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Ombuds_commission|監察委員會（Ombuds commission，OC）]]
* [[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia Foundation/Legal/Community Resilience and Sustainability/Trust and Safety/Case Review Committee|案例審查委員會（Case Review Committee，CRC）]]

各委員會本輪職務申請自2024年10月16日起。自治體委員會委員之申請期限至2024年11月18日止，而監察委員會和案例審查委員會的委員之申請期限則至2024年12月2日止。您可以透過[[m:Special:MyLanguage/Wikimedia_Foundation/Legal/Committee_appointments|造訪元維基上有關委員會任命事宜的頁面]]了解如何進行申請。如果您有任何問題，請發佈到討論頁面或發送電子郵件至 [mailto:cst@wikimedia.org cst@wikimedia.org]。

謹代表委員會支援團隊,
&lt;section end=&quot;announcement-content&quot; /&gt;
&lt;/div&gt;

-- [[m:User:Keegan (WMF)|Keegan (WMF)]] ([[m:User talk:Keegan (WMF)|talk]]) 2024年10月17日 (sikasapatj a qadav na tamiciyuan) 07:08 (CST)
&lt;!-- 訊息由 User:Keegan (WMF)@metawiki 傳送，使用的清單為 https://meta.wikimedia.org/w/index.php?title=Distribution_list/Global_message_delivery&amp;oldid=27601062 --&gt;</text>
      <sha1>q4bd77hcg7mbrj4mdtri0h3lzlymrit</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>ljapupuk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <timestamp>2022-08-26T18:32:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/83.11.191.203|83.11.191.203]]（[[User talk:83.11.191.203|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Daniuu|Daniuu]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>7021</origin>
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      <text bytes="905" sha1="gu74wifw1m6457fwn3o4k98utp6xsm3" xml:space="preserve">masanliawliaw aicu a cemecemel i vudavudas a ljaviljaving ta ljavek, mavan a kemerap a kasiw. sanguljingulji a asaw kata ricing, sa kulimalimac a vuciyar naicu a kasiw.

izuazua aicu a ljapupuk i malaysia, indiya [[Taiwan|taiwan]] kata i pasanavalj tua chuku.

masa a vangalj naicu a cemecemel mamau ta puk, sa papungadan ta “ljapupuk ” aya tia ramaljengmaljeng.

==sikakudanan==
uri alapen a asaw kata ricing nua ljapupuk tua putjeveng, qaw nu minatuk sa temeketekel taza zaljum i pasanavalj ta sepaywan, sa sinipapucemel ta saqetjuqetju a vicuka aza qadiadi a zaljum.

qaw izua i kanalun i pasakacedas a sepaywan, kasicuayan, uri alapen ta vangalj na ljapupuk sa sipaveli tua pairang na kacalisiyan, masa maqati a kipaysu aya tia ramaljengmaljeng.

==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P216。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Panai Kusui</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>243</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>'''</comment>
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      <text bytes="3325" sha1="i9t5tlm2bjqr203zzzb0qsysa73r6ca" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |panai kusui
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[File:PanaiKusui.jpg|thumb|ti Panai semenasenay itua 太陽花學運 a kamuku|250px|center]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | rusenasenai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |vavayan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Inamilikan a ngadan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |panai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; | kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1969.7.23 (52 a cavilj) 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |amis katua puyuma
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kai
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |ljinautian, pinuyuma
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kaqinaljan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[Taitu king|Taitu]], [[Taiwan]]

|-
|}

aicu '''ti Panai Kusui''' avan a kisansemenay, na lemedaw kemasi imaza i tainan, ljakua a qinaljan avan a i valangaw i dulan a mula. lja kinacemekeljan sicuacauyan, sa na mangetjez imaza i taitu. ka 2000 a caviljan pitua aza kipaula katua siselapai pakata sikac nimadju itua nimadju a rikudu pinaka《泥娃娃》. au ka tjaivililj anga a 2010 a cavilj patagilj kilalaing ta undu patjara siakai nua aya, sinan pazangal a kicapicapilj itua kamuku pakata [[kacalisian|kacalisian]] katua kadjunangan na qinaljan a munday. sa izua a kai &quot;沒有人是局外人(neka nu kitjumalji)&quot; nua aya. ka 2017 a caviljan nigac kisiuljay imaza i kadjalanan a Ketagalan, ulja namalap tua kadjunangan nua kacalisian i qinaljan. ka 2017 a caviljan lukugac  pavalitan a kisiuljay imaza i dedet tua taida a biuing 1號出口 nua aya. lja rupatjavat ta umaq timadju a sitjaisangasan, nadukulicu meqacaqaca, sa aza senay nimadju avan angata pivaivaik itua sikacu katua kinaqusavan.

== kipalikuzan ==

== rikudu ==

=== 正規專輯 (paquliqulid a rikudu) ===

* 2000 a caviljan《泥娃娃》(2003 a caviljan《巴奈流浪記》sialalang i ripun)
* 2008 a caviljan《停在那片藍》
* 2020 a caviljan《愛，不到》

=== 實況專輯 (matevetevelj ta senay patjara sinilemuing i sasaw) ===

* 2001 a caviljan《勇士與稻穗》CD
* 2003 a caviljan《勇士與稻穗》DVD

=== EP (tjakedri a rikudu) ===

* 2017 a caviljan 《凱道上的稻穗》
* 2018 a caviljan 《凱道巴奈流浪記》

=== 單曲 (amin a ita a senay itua rikudu) ===

* 2013 a caviljan 〈給孩子們 非核家園〉(a senay italadj tua rikudu pinaka《不核作》)
* 2018 a caviljan〈滿樹翠碧〉(a senay na iga pinaka《血觀音》)

== kazalan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; style=&quot;width: 100%;&quot;
! |caviljan
! |pagaugau ta kazalan a kakudan
! |rikudu
! |kazalan a ngadan
! scope=&quot;col&quot; style=&quot;width:5%;&quot;|namapenetj
|-
|rowspan=3| 2021
|masansi tjelu puluq sa drusa a 金曲獎
|rowspan=3| 《愛，不到》
|tjaljasaiguaqan a vavayan pakata ciniukukuan a kisansemenay  (最佳華語女歌手獎)
|
|-
|rowspan=2| masansimuluq sa drusa a 金音創作獎
| 評審團獎
|namapiliq tua pakaleva
|-
| tjaljasaiguaqan a inalang a kisansemenay (最佳創作歌手獎)
|
|}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Syaman Rapongan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>244</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10552</id>
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      <timestamp>2022-08-01T21:06:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Praxidicae</username>
        <id>355</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>rvv</comment>
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      <text bytes="1801" sha1="ixyo48g5edjh5743ng4ghup0vahkqle" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; | Syaman Rapongan
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | venecivecik 
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuma a ngadan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  施努來
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljay
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]] 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1957.10.31 (64 a cavilj)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |yami
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |kaqinaljan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  [[Lanyu|tamazatu]]
|-
|}

aicu ti Syaman Rapongan (ciniukukuan：夏曼·藍波安/施努來) mavan a venecivecik na yami zuku, saka nalemedaw kemasi imaza i [[Taitu king|taitu king]], [[Lanyu|tamazatu]].

== kipalikuzan ==

== semangas itua vinecikan timadju ==

== pazangalan a sapitj ==

* 大海浮夢（聯經 a seman sapitj a kuba）
* 老海人小說集（印刻 a seman sapitj a kuba）
* 航海家的臉（印刻 a seman sapitj a kuba）
* 漁夫的誕生
* 海浪的記憶（聯合文學 a seman sapitj a kuba）
* 黑色翅膀（晨星 a seman sapitj a kuba）
* 冷海情深（聯合文學 a seman sapitj a kuba）
* 八代灣的神話故事（晨星 a seman sapitj a kuba）
* 飛魚的呼喚（1998 a caviljan）
* 浪人鯵（2000 a caviljan）
* 兩個太陽的故事（2000 a caviljan）
* 冷海情深（2000 a caviljan）
* 海洋朝聖者（2000 a caviljan）
* 黑潮親子舟（2000 a caviljan）

== kazalan ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Edirne</title>
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        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
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      <comment>/* kasizuan */+s</comment>
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|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot; | '''Edirne'''
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Edirne mosque outside.jpg|thumb|center|Edirne]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Latrans-Turkey location Edirne.svg|thumb|center|inuan i Edirne Province]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Edirne location Merkez.svg|thumb|center|inuan i Edirne]]
|-
|kuni
|[[Turkey]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a pangaljan na kaizuanan
|Edirne
|-
|kalaingan
|Recep Gürkan
|-
|sasusuan ta pasalavaan na kadjunangan
|6.098
|-
|sasupuan ta caucau
|180.327
|}

Edirne (埃迪爾內)

Edirne, gu icuwa i Edirne Province, [[Turkey]]. ala atjunangn mapuljat 0.844 km² (ma’linpan atjunang 0.326 km², ma’linaule atjunang 0.42 km²). ala caucau mapuljat 400.280 caucau, ala daceneqlan mapuljat 6.098 a daceneqlan, Turkey (66%) a maqcuwa caucau.

==kadjunangan==

===kinaqadaqadavan===

===zazaljuvan===

==cinalivatan==

==caucau==

===pinavadavadayan na caucau===

===sinusupuan ta caucau ljemita tua cavilj===

==paljavak tua atjunang==
matja 20 qinaljan i Edirne. matja 24 qinaljan imaza, [[Kocasinan]], [[Fatih]], [[Şükrüpaşa]], [[İstasyon]], [[1. Murat]], [[Barutluk]], [[Menzilahir]], [[Nişancıpaşa]], [[Medrese Ali Bey]], [[Saricapaşa]], [[Sabuni]], [[Talatpaşa]], [[Meydan]], [[Babademirtaş]], [[Abdurrahman]], [[Çavuşbey]], [[Mithatpaşa]], [[Dilaverbey]], [[Yeniimaret]], [[Yıldırım Hacı Sarraf]], [[Yıldirim Beyazıt]], [[Karaağaç]].

===pinaljavakan===

==tatuluan==

==sipacacekilan==

===palidring a djalan===

===basu===

==kasizuan==
{{commons|Category:Edirne}}
* [https://www.edirne.bel.tr www.edirne.bel.tr]

==kivangavangan==

[[pinapapilipiliqan:Turkey]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ljivanger</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>YiFeiBot</username>
        <id>1118</id>
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      <minor />
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      <text bytes="843" sha1="mmo6zs2kofh82zgdtuxry7gol22330l" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Piper umbellatum 52.jpg|right|250px]]
izuazua a aicu a '''ljivange(台灣胡椒)'''r i siran(錫蘭), malasiya, africa(非洲) i namasanculjuculju kata [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. qaw amin a aicu a ljivanger mamau ta kasiw i [[Taiwan|taiwan]].

masanliawliaw a ljivanger i navalj tua [[Taiwan|taiwan]] sa izuazua i teku ta marekakasiw sa izua i tjevetjeveng a kadjunangan i ljaving ta pana kata veljeluan. aicu a kasiw, maqati a papeqaca tua ita tuki drusa a djemkuacan.

==sikakudanan==
nguljingulj aravac a ljivanger, aza ledjeledje nua ljivanger mamau ta kaviyagan, qaw maqati a sinansiaw, kinesa ta pinuljacengan kata dingding aicu a ledjeledje nua ljivanger na [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]].

==kaizuan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P133。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>atia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>249</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9693</id>
      <parentid>9648</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-07-25T14:51:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:48BE:438B:5561:6986:E638:AF67|2A00:F41:48BE:438B:5561:6986:E638:AF67]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:48BE:438B:5561:6986:E638:AF67|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Daniuu|Daniuu]]的先前版本</comment>
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      <text bytes="812" sha1="mwqczetpirdek53l5v5o3qf9ptc1fu3" xml:space="preserve">[[Taiwan|setayuan]] a kisansemenay ti '''atia''' (''Adia''; ''阿弟仔'') a kemasi lizuk a kilang (''Ke-lang''; ''Ke-lâng''). pinualjak i kaqadavan a 12 nua qiljasan a 12 nua i caviljan a 1976 a pinapungadan a pinairangan ti ''Tiuⁿ Kiān-úi'' timadju. nu na kicaqu ti atia tua kinaliguan i gaku a kilang, patagilj timadju a semenay i mareka papuliguan tua semenay. a i pasuvililjan, maliguligu timadju a semansenay sa patagilj timadju a kipusengesengan a rusansemenay. manasika inika punetalj timadju a kitulu i taihuku katjaivilivililj. penarut ti atia a tjemaucikel tanemanema nu semansenay sa maretimalji a sinansenay nimadju tua zuma a senay i tayuan tazua.

==sinansenay==
*inikaken a kitulu (''Góa Bô Tha̍k-chheh''), i kacaviljan a 1999
*maljivaq (''平衡''), i kacaviljan a 2002

==pinapuliguan==</text>
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    <title>MediaWiki:NewcomerTasks.json</title>
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      <comment>Prepare image recommendations. This should have no visible effect (disabled via other means). [[:phab:T337330]] [[:phab:T341150]]</comment>
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  <page>
    <title>tuaki</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
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      <comment>aicu ti tuaki a semenasenay, 2017</comment>
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      <text bytes="389" sha1="25c7ohc6ikhwydwmhshfxj4a7dy89jb" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:全國獨嘉三日跨年祭 力邀金鐘雙主持(大支)(cropped).jpg|thumb|250px|right|aicu ti tuaki a semenasenay, 2017]]
setailam a kisanljavaran a semenay ti tuaki (siaya a Tōa-ki nua pinairangan; siaya a ''Dwagie'' nua kai a amilika) i [[Taiwan|tayuan]].

==cinalivatan==

==sinansenayan==

==maqaqeci a semanljavaran tua senay==
ka 2007 a caviljan.

==kasizuan==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wikipedia:Bot policy</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>252</id>
    <redirect title="Wikipedia:na seliyazan a tadedepan" />
    <revision>
      <id>7010</id>
      <timestamp>2022-01-21T22:15:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MarcoAurelio</username>
        <id>358</id>
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      <comment>redirected to [[Wikipedia:na seliyazan a tadedepan|bot request page]] for [[m:bot policy|standard bot policy]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="48" sha1="3zcant0lgzzpp1dn9ypgquzvfz6c4x3" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT [[Wikipedia:na seliyazan a tadedepan]]</text>
      <sha1>3zcant0lgzzpp1dn9ypgquzvfz6c4x3</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>taibun tungsin bungpu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>8191</id>
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      <timestamp>2022-06-14T06:37:22Z</timestamp>
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        <username>Iyumu</username>
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      <text bytes="543" sha1="qh33wo98ege7332rj8ucv5gtxmgkfuq" xml:space="preserve">sinipapadjaljun aicu a '''&quot;taibun tungsin bungpu&quot;''' a sinansunatj tua [[pinairangan]] a liguan. katjaisangas, matjadrusa azua sinansunatj a &quot;taibun tungsin&quot; katua &quot;taibun bungpu.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://tsbp.tgb.org.tw/p/blog-page_48.html taibun tungsin bungpu]&lt;/ref&gt; katjaisangas na semansunatj ti tiliungkeng (''Tēⁿ Liông-kng'') tua taibun tungsin bungpu tazua i lusandjel (''Los Angeles'') nua i amilika kaqiljasan a 7 nua kacaviljan 1991. namasanpazangal aicu a sinansapitj tu paravac tua pakavecikan a [[pinairangan]] i tjuqaljan.

==kaizuan==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Doraemon</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <timestamp>2024-04-16T05:14:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
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        <id>1735</id>
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      <comment>pinapapilipiliqan</comment>
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      <text bytes="582" sha1="k456te3pq5ov9p12xj7nu0jppxof4lt" xml:space="preserve">'''Doraemon''' (Drinipunan: ドラえもん Doraemon) &lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20130618112937/https://www.ign.com/articles/1996/10/02/doraemon-creator-dies Doraemon Creator Dies ][[IGN]]&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref name=&quot;Doraworld&quot;&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20121222052637/http://dora-world.com/profile/ 藤子・F・不二雄(ふじこエフふじお)]&lt;/ref&gt; -- manga.

icua ti '''Doraemon asi tjipung a qinati kikay a ngiyaw'''
[[sineqetj a vecik:Doraemon da Arena Suzano-SP.jpg|縮圖|317x317像素]]

==pacunu uta==
*[[manga]]

==kaizuanan==
&lt;references/&gt;

[[pinapapilipiliqan:Manga]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>mapareumalj a quantum</title>
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      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:EmausBot|EmausBot]]的先前版本</comment>
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      <text bytes="190" sha1="nqn827vmujg4m0vpb493u8lfk4joimz" xml:space="preserve">[[File:SPDC figure.png|thumb|200px|right|]]
'''mapareumalj a quantum''' mavan a kinaqatian a picul puita na qinati, na pinatjatjaulivat, na kaizuazua a maseljang azua sikataneman a matjaita.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ljasaras</title>
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      <text bytes="973" sha1="b02saiylhzom1wgxq53dih0q3w5usp1" xml:space="preserve">matu cemecemel aicu a ljasaras, masanliawliaw i namaculjuan a kadjunagan. qaw liaw a ljasaras izuazua i djalanan kata gaduan a kemasi iteku ta vecekadn a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]].&lt;ref&gt;1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P176。&lt;/ref&gt;

==sikakudanan&lt;ref&gt;1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P176。&lt;/ref&gt;==
maqati a kakanen naza namalum sa qulivalivay a vangalj na ljasaras.

maqati a sinantarar a kacalisiyan naicu a malum kata qulivalivay a vangalj na ljasaras uta, sa uri ljemakarav a mamazangiljan taicu a ljasaras a santararen.

==sasing==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Solanum incanum 002.JPG
File:Solanum incanum 0.JPG
File:Solanum incanum 001.JPG
File:Solanum incanum 1.JPG
File:Solanum incanum 003.JPG
File:Solanum_incanum_(DITSL).JPG
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==kaizuanan==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>madjulu a sisupuan</title>
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      <text bytes="203" sha1="1eiurhjaor5nytie5frtp58bu8sqthl" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Arithmetic symbols.svg|thumb|right|250px|vinecikan a sisupuan]]
a tja sisupusupu izua tjeljuqen, a kiluvaden, a tjuljuran, katua pangaljen, mavan aicu a tja kineljangan a '''madjulu a sisupuan'''.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>pinudjalanan nua sebaletik</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
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      <text bytes="844" sha1="8qev2mqyk8ju1vpzldot328q0s6xjv1" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:BaltskýŘetěz.jpg|thumb|right|250px|pinudjalanan nua sebaletik]]
patjara aicu a pinudjalanan nua sebaletik (''Baltic''), izua zuma a ngadan a tja kineljangan mavan a kicikic nua sebaletik katua kicikic tu silailaing ta vinarungan&lt;ref&gt;Wolchik, Sharon L.; Jane Leftwich Curry (2007). Central and East European Politics: From Communism to Democracy. Rowman &amp; Littlefield. p. 238. ISBN 978-0-7425-4068-2.&lt;/ref&gt;. matjatjiyak a sikataqaljan a sebaletik a pudjalan kemasi tua esti (''Estonia'') a pasa latuviya (''Latvija'') sa patje lituvus (''Lietuvos Respublika'') tu sitjaucikel tua vinarungan niamadju a semanmaljian a qinaljan a kunian tua kaqepuan a suviyat (''Soviet Union'') nu i qadavan a 23 nua i caviljan a 8 i kacaviljan a 1989. aza pasaladruqan nua pinudjalanan a penuljat ta 675.5 km.

== kasizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>namasan nitjen a sikakaiyan a sipatjevarungan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
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      <text bytes="2043" sha1="0jdbnnm9xhjp0ke2vik09hlz796tmk4" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Shaheed Minar.JPG|right|frameless]]
a i qadavan a 21, i qiljasan a 2, muicavilj a sinipasemalavan nua kinateveteveljan nua [[marekakunian]] (''UN'') '''namasan nitjen a sikakaiyan a sipatjevarungan(國際母語日)''' ka 1999 a caviljan. patagitagilj itjen a papirazek tua tja sikakaiyan i qadavan a 21 nua i qiljasan a 2 kanacaviljanga kemasi ta kacaviljan a 2000. sa namasan nitjen a sipasemalavan tua tja sikataqaljan i kacauan tu pazangalan a tja kakaian. nu ljakitima a kemakaiyan, papupicul itjen tjayamadju. pasekesekez itjen a paseqaljudj tua tja kinakaiyan.

== cinavalitan ==
ka 1948 a cavilj, mapenetjanga a sihu nua pakisitam(巴基斯坦) tua masan kai nua kukka a uredu a kai(烏爾都語) i pakisitam, ljakua ika ljemaui tia caucaw na pakisitam. saka, izua a maljelima a situ a sinipacay nua kinuangan na sividay ka 1952 a cavilj kata nigacu kata drusa puluq sa ita a qadavan nu zemuruzurung a sihu tua kai nua mutjala(孟加拉)&lt;ref&gt;於水玉主編. 趣说中华民族传统节日 下 Australian literature readers. 長春：[https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%90%89%E6%9E%97%E6%96%87%E5%8F%B2%E5%87%BA%E7%89%88%E7%A4%BE 吉林文史出版社]. 2013.03: 614. ISBN 978-7-5472-1319-3.&lt;/ref&gt;. qaw izuanga a hulic na pakisitam sa penetjanga ta masan kai nua kukka a mutjala a kai kata uredu a kai a sihu.

ka 1971 a caviljan, aicu a mankala(孟加拉) nua aya namavaday katua pakisitam nua kadjunangan, sa namasan a ita a kukka, a ljenguaq katua lemindjelj uta aicu a sinipukeljang a qaciljay pakata paljakev sikakaian. ka 1999 a caviljan 11 a qiljasan, aicu a kinateveteveljan a 教科文 nua aya itua kunikunian, tazua izua masansika tjelumuluq a kaigi, namapenetj ta ljemita a drusa a qiljasan drusa puluq sa ita a qadavan avan nu kakaian nua i kacauan a qadaw. kemasi 2000 a caviljan, izua mareka palisian nu djemaljun tua aicu a qadavan, saka makaya itjen a neka nu livulivan itua gaikuku, maqati uta tja kai mavan a maretimalimali, au paljakev aza kai nua penuljat patje tucu.

== kasizuan ==
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  <page>
    <title>ljadjulidjulis</title>
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      <text bytes="845" sha1="p1plmze6v482rihag0rbgjx65u77fgg" xml:space="preserve">aicu a cemecemel na payuan, masanlialiaw i kinaqadavan namasanmaculjuculju nua kacawan. sa izuazau i iteku a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i taiwan. nadjumak a [[Paiwan|payuan]] tua mamau a ljadjulidjulis a hana ta djulis, ljakua maretimalji a kinakemudan niamadju, sa pinaka “ljadjulis” tuki “djulidjulis” (野莧菜)aicu a cemel.&lt;ref&gt;鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P238。&lt;/ref&gt;

==sikakudanan&lt;ref&gt;鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P238。&lt;/ref&gt;==

maqati a alapen ta venavun kata ledjeldje naicu a cemel sa sinansiav kata kinesa ta pinuljacengan. saka, sinanpazangal a ljadjulidjulis nua payuan, mavan a ljaceng niamadju.

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    <title>zaqu</title>
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      <text bytes="1624" sha1="qpsjgoxu8czbqsc1g3elkeoi8wp4vvs" xml:space="preserve">masanlialiaw aicu a kasiw i india, ripun, taiwan kata i pasanavalj ta tjaljaladruq a pana(長江) i ciuku.

==sikakudanan==

===sikavalju’aljut===

uri ljemulju ta ngicu na zaqa a [[Paiwan|payuan]], qaw maisu’isu taza ngicu kata lavu sa qemuin, qaw maqati a alapen taicu tua vinateq kata mavanaw a payuan.

=== kakudan nua palisian ===
aicu a kasiw, maqati a sinanzaqu na pulingaw nua payuan tua palisilisi. masa mamau ta maca nua caucaw aicu a zaqu, qaw pinaka “a qezung na vatitingan ” a maca, saka tjaljapazangalan a kinacavacavan taicu a maca tua pacucun ta kacauwan.

a malingan, nu kacuin ta qataqata a vavayan a lumamad ka pinualjak, mavan a uri masan pulingaw timadju.

qaw izua a tjelu a qata nua mareka pulingaw, sa maretimalji a sikakudanan aicu a qata. uri sipapalisilisi a tjakudral a qata, mavan a masan tua pulingaw kata parakaljay. qaw uri sipapucemel a vecekadan a qata, sa sipapalisilisi a tjakedri a qata nu macayanga a caucaw i qinaljan. qadjaw masa a pazangal aicu a zuqu, saka ika maqati a sipacungu aicu a kasiw kasicuayan, ininumaya, uri mavucanga. ljakua maqati a sinanvalji aicu a kasiw.

=== kakudan i qemaljuqaljup ===
nadjumakanga a payuan a cinunan taza takec, tjengelay a keman ta zaqu nu masulesulem tiamadju, sa mutjatjaq i pana. nakemeljanganga tia cinunan, sa kaljavaljava tiamadju tua takec nu malumanga a zaqu, qaw qemaljuqaljup. uri pudrinaydrinay tiamadju i djalan a kemasi kasiw ta pana uta, maqati a madrinay a takec aya.

== kaizuanan ==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P245。</text>
      <sha1>qpsjgoxu8czbqsc1g3elkeoi8wp4vvs</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>samaq</title>
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      <text bytes="792" sha1="44j05mgbqilz0ir6q9v4jxfsge2jkk3" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Illustration Sonchus arvensis0.jpg|縮圖|371x371像素|samaq]]
masanlialiaw aicu a ljaceng i kinaqadavan namaculjuculjuan na kadjunangan i kacauwan, mavananga a tjaljapazangalan a ljaceng a kanen nua [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] na nantaw.

masa ika madjulu a macay a samaq nu kinasuqudjaljan, sa djadjav a meqacanga kata inika madjulu a macemu aicu a ljaceng, saka tjangelay aravac a caucaw taicu a ljaceng.

a kacalisiyan a caucaw i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], izuazua a tayaruzuku, amizuku, puyumazuku, payuanzuku kata sauzuku, uri kisamaq tiamdju tua kamen, saka pinaka “sama” tuki “samaq” tiamadju uta naicu a ljaceng.

== kaizuan ==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P205。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>pauljay</title>
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djadjav a meqaca aicu a kasiw i teku a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. a asav naicu a kasiw mamau ta kula na gaciyu kata bibi, sa pinaka ta “鵝掌柴” a ljinautian.

== sikakudanan ==
inika a caljeqil aicu a kinakasikasivan na pauljay, sa maqati a sinantabi, haku kata anasuy, qaw sinanceqeljap na [[Paiwan|payuan]] aicu a kasiw sa ika tataq tua tjakit.

kudrakudral a kasiw na pauljay, saka maqati a sinanlingadja aza kasiw tua maisu ta vasa.

== kaizuanan ==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P292。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>qasi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.230.38|79.163.230.38]]（[[User talk:79.163.230.38|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Praxidicae|Praxidicae]]的先前版本</comment>
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      <text bytes="1298" sha1="ek9c96t87lwjkygawpf6hxln5yqp8vx" xml:space="preserve">qasi(Protobothrops mucrosquamatus）mavananga a ita a kemasi tua unem a duku a qatjuvi i [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. ruquljis a kemeljang a caucaw tua qasi kata zuma a qatjuvi(Macropisthodon rudis）, qaw inika duku aicu a qatjuvi sa tjalipuru a qulu naicu a qatjavi.

== ngadan ==
masa qulivalivay kata quljangas a uqulj na qasi, izua a qecengecengel sa lipurupuru a vinecikan, mamau ta qecilu a geluljung, sa pinaka “龜殼花” a ljemautian.

== kinavadavadayan ==
masalialiaw a qasi i indiya, mutjala, miyamar(緬甸), ukinawa(沖繩), taiwan kata ziljang, anhuy, fudjian, tjangsi, hunan, guandung, guansi, haynan, sichuan, ciuching, guycu, yunan, sansi, gansu nua chuku.

== kudakudanan ==
izuazua a qasi i gadugaduan, puqawan, cemecemel, pana, quma kata idedet tua umaqan, matu i camel, qaciljayciljay kata mawrag. izuazua a qasi a kemasi alu a puluq saka drusa a marutadjekuacan tua drusa a kuzulj sa drusa a iday a marutadjekuacan a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan, qaw tjaliaw i indiya aicu a qatjuvi. inika a cemual nu secevung ta caucaw a qasi, ljakua maya tjemapes tua vavayan a qatjuvi nu paljakeljakev ta qeciliu tiamadju, ininumaya a cemual a qasi tjanusun.

== kaizuanan ==
維基百科-龜殼花，網址: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%BE%9C%E6%AE%BC%E8%8A%B1。&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>kalulingay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>Iyumu</username>
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      <text bytes="2105" sha1="4n8ny6cziiq9orvpcy99xbmp49rlow9" xml:space="preserve">masanlialiaw a kalulingay(''Viridovipera stejnegeri'') i indiya, nipal(尼泊爾), miyamar(緬甸), tailan(泰國), chuku kata taiwan, mavanga a duku a qatjuvi. izua a maretimaljimalji a tjelu aicu a qatjuvi na kacawan, qaw aicu a kalulingay avan a ita a kemasi tua unem a duku a qatjuvi i [[Taiwan|taiwan]].

== kinakemudan ==
tjakedri a qatjuvi aicu a kalulingay, maqati a meqaca tiamadju tu siva puluq a marutaljudjuqan, kuljakuljay aza kinakemudan sa rudjudjum a qulu niamadju. ladruladruq a drengelan kata qudidilj a maca niamadju sa izua a mudigan tua siqayam ta sazaman i vecekadan tua maca kata ngudjus. sa liljualjuas aza uqulj na kalulingay, qaw izua a ita a vuteqiteqilj a kala itua tjiyalj a pagidigidi aicu a qatjuvi. qaw izua a qudidilj a kala iteku taza a vuteqiteqilj a kala itua tjiyalj na uqaljay a kulalingay, ljakua inika mareka kulalingay. qaw nu neka a qudidilj a kala itua tjiyalj, sa qulivalivay a tjiyalj kata qudidilj a iku aza uqaljay a kalulingay.

== kudakudanan ==
uri tjevuta nu kadjaman kata qezemetj aicu a qatjuvi, ljakua tjatjengelay tiamdju a semacasav nu qezemezemetj. uri kakanen ta ceqel, djadjiljaq, qayaqayam kata kulavaw na kalulingay, qaw rukan ta ceqel tiamadju. uri kisevaljan a kalulingay nu kaljauragan sa pualjak tiamadju nu kaljaculjuan. maqati a pualjak aicu a qatjuvi tua kemasi drusa a qatjuvi tua tapuluq sa lima a qatjuvi, qaw maqati a meqaca tu drusa puluq sa unem a marutaljudjuqan aza qatjuvi nu sipapualjak, sa uri kudrakudral tiamadju tacavilj.

inika a sadjelung a duku a kalulingay, ljakua masa mamau ta cemeceml aza quljaw na kalulingay sa kinac na kalulingay a tjaljatjuruvu a cawcau i taiwan. nu kinac na kalulingay, uri minvalak, gacel kata ljanger sa ljemetiq aza saqetjuan.

== kinavadavadayan ==
masanlialiaw a kinavadavadayan na kalulingay, izua i kadjunangan a kemasi iteku a sasusuan tua vavavan na cemecemel tua drusa a kuzulj a marutadjekuacan a sasusuan tua vavavan a gadugaduan.

== kaizuanan ==
維基百科-赤尾青竹絲，網址: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%B5%A4%E5%B0%BE%E9%9D%92%E7%AB%B9%E7%B5%B2。&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
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    <title>hada nua kuga na ukeran</title>
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'''hada nua kuga na ukeran'''(a kai na ukeran: Державний Прапор України), izua a drusa a quljaw mavan a cangiangia ivavaw kata qulivalivay iteku a hada. qaw aicu a quljaw a pacugan nua hada, aza cangia avan a kalevalevan kata ljavek, sa maqati a “lemaing ta vinarungan” a caucaw izua kata izuanga a pinaljavakan nua kuga; qaw aza qulivay avan a qumaquma, masa izuanga a cuacuayan a cinalivatan nua sengsengan tua qemuma. kasicuayan izuanga aicu a drusa a quljaw avan a qulivay kata cangia i ukeran ayatua a vinecikan a cangia a sinikipaselem kata qulivay a likuljaw.

mavan a hada nua zuma a kuga(烏克蘭人民共和國) aicu a hada ka 1918 a cavilj, ljakua puqeceng a sihu tuazua(蘇聯時代), sa maumalj tua zuma a hada na kagu(烏克蘭蘇維埃社會主義共和國). ka 1991 a cavilj kata hacigacu kata drusa puluq saka sepatj a qadavan, namavaday a tjelu a kuga(波羅的海三國) kata 蘇聯, qaw namavadayanga a ukeran uta, sa inika pinaljak nua sihu na 蘇聯. saka masan tua hada nua kuga na ukeran aicu a drusa a quljaw a hada. ka 1992 a cavilj kata icigacu kata drusa puluq saka alu a qadavan, namaumaljanga aicu a hada a vinecikan a ukeran. qaw namaumalj uta taza quljaw nua hada a [[ukeran]] ka 2006 a cavilj.


navenecikanga itua hulic nua ukeran(《烏克蘭憲法》):

aicu a hada nua kuga na ukeran, izua a drusa a quljaw avan a cangia kata qulivay sa mamav ta tjaljiqaca itua hada.

(''...Державний Прапор України – стяг із двох рівновеликих горизонтальних смуг синього і жовтого кольорів.)''


izua a palisian nua hada na kuga nua ukeran nu ljemitacavilj a hacigacu kata drusa puluq saka tjelu a qadavan. aicu a qadavan avan a patjaisangas a qadavan tua dukulic (獨立) sa masan a kuga a ukeran.

== kaizuanan ==
維基百科-烏克蘭國旗，網址: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%83%8F%E5%85%8B%E8%98%AD%E5%9C%8B%E6%97%97。&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>kamutu</title>
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        <username>Minorax</username>
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'''kamutu(一點紅)'''
nu kemesa tua pinuljacengan a [[Paiwan|payuan]], uri zaljazalja a liaw a ljaceng, ljakua mavan a tjaljasanguq nu kemesakesa kata kumutu. saka, nu pinitawpitaw a cawcau i qumaquma na vaqu kata paketjaw, tuki izuanga a kamutu i ljaviljaving tua qumaquma, uri kemesakesa sa palingulingulj ta keman ta pinuljacengan tiamadju.

== sikesan nua pinuljacengan ==
rukesa a [[Paiwan|payuan]] ta [[vaqu]] a pinuljacengan kata [[sameci]], kamutu.

== kaizuanan ==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P248。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ljemaljeqelan nu salilim</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>7221</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>EmausBot</username>
        <id>185</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: Migrating 1 interwiki links, now provided by [[Wikipedia:Wikidata|Wikidata]] on [[d:Q111034261]]</comment>
      <origin>7221</origin>
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      <text bytes="885" sha1="j10jgrkxoe23qtzefmp3puypabd1van" xml:space="preserve">masantjelu a sinantjaucikelan aicu a &quot;'''ljemaljeqelan nu salilim'''&quot; ni liciyaw (''李喬''), avan a [[Miauli king|sebari]] timadju a ngemaingayan a kisanvenecik ta tjaucikel. a itua za sinansunatj a tjinaucikel mavan a cinalivatan nua caucau sengaingay, ka mangetjez tiamadju a semamaza i [[Taiwan|tayuan]] kasi qadjav a kacaviljan a 1936 a patje kacaviljan a 1912 tazua&lt;ref&gt; [https://tln.nmtl.gov.tw/ch/m2/nmtl_w1_m2_c_2.aspx?person_number=G11079 李喬個人資料], 台灣文學網 (國立台灣文學館)&lt;/ref&gt;. izua sinaniga aza tjaucikelan a tja kineljangan a mamaw a ngadan. aza sangasangasan a kinangaingayan a sinaniga i tayuan tazua&lt;ref&gt;彭文正, [https://nccur.lib.nccu.edu.tw/bitstream/140.119/101341/1/28(p1-28).pdf 客家電視在多言文化中的傳播功能與挑戰] (PDF), 廣播與電視 (國立政治大學廣播電視學系), 2008, 28: 1-28&lt;/ref&gt;.

==kaizuan==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Baliwakes Raera</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Praxidicae|Praxidicae]]的先前版本</comment>
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      <text bytes="2039" sha1="bzs24hol239i7u72rkg0q4sorfwbicq" xml:space="preserve">ti Baliwakes Raera（ciniukukan: 陸森寶；pinuyumagan：Baliwakes Raera, 1910 a caviljan 11 a qiljasan 2 a qadavan -1988 a caviljan 3 a qiljasan 26 a qadavan）, mavan a kisansemenay katua cacaquan a sinupuan, kemasi maza i [[valangaw]] a puyuma a qinaljan. izuanan ngadan nua rinipugan ti 森寶一郎 nua aya. qau aza kisansemenay ti paudull na malap tua kazalan a 金曲獎 a duqubi mavan uta nimadju a vuvu.

== kipalikuzan ==
{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; | Baliwakes Raera
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | kisansemenay 
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kangadanan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  陸森寶
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljay
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]] 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1910.11.02-1988.03.26 (77 a cavilj)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |puyuma
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |kaqinaljan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  [[Taitu king|valangaw]]
|-
|}

== senay ==

* 《卑南山》（penansan）（1949 a caviljan）
* 《散步歌》（1953 a caviljan）
* 《頌祭祖先》（1957 a caviljan）
* 《美麗的稻穗》（1958 a caviljan）
* 《思故鄉》（1958 a caviljan）
* 《優美的普悠瑪青年》（1958 a caviljan）
* 《再見大家》（1961 a caviljan）
* 《祝福歌》（1961 a caviljan
* 《天主羔羊》（1963 a caviljan）
* 《上主垂憐》（1963 a caviljan）
* 《卑南王》（1970 a caviljan）
* 《南王互助社歌》（1970 a caviljan）
* 《蘭嶼之戀》（1971 a caviljan）
* 《神職晉鐸》（1972 a caviljan）
* 《海祭》（1985 a caviljan）
* 《懷念年祭》（1988 a caviljan）</text>
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  <page>
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masanlialiaw aicu a kasiw i guwandung(廣東) nua chuku kata qumaquma, rumacunuq a kadjunangan nua [[Taiwan|taiwan]], mavan a mirazek a kasiw a patjausangas a meqacaqaca i kadjunangan.

== sikakudanan ==
uri kiasaw ta vaw a [[Paiwan|payuan]] a sipakan tua sizu kata venan, qaw maqati a sipapucungu aicu a kasiw uta. inika tjengelay ta ngat a caucaw sa uri cinavucavu aicu a asaw na vaw tua qavay niamdju.

rukiricing ta vaw a [[Paiwan|payuan]] i kadjunangan sa cemepis taza cuqus kata asaw, qaw sinan a kudrakudral a lumat naicu a mareka asaw kata cuqus, maqati a sicaqev tua kemesakesa ta vurasi kata vasa, nguljingulj angata. sa pinaka lamut a vaw nua [[Paiwan|payuan]].

izua a maljevaq i tjuabar, uri sinanqapurung aicu a asaw na vaw tua sikicaqucaquan niamadju.

== kaizuanan ==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P161。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>miliq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
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      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
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      <text bytes="971" sha1="ojigeb9k2uccihlge7wrydpld2ub1p5" xml:space="preserve">izuazua aicu a '''miliq''' i pasavililj tua indiya, i pasakaledep a navalj tua chuku kata izua iteku a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. akumaya a pinaka “骨碎補”a ngadan nua ljinautian, masa maqati a kipucemecemel tua maveceluq a cuqelalj kata piqay.

== milimiligan ==

=== milingan nua chuku ===
izua a milingan, namatjani a cemas a nugiuzing nua chuku(神農) a tua paljaljavak nu ika a kipapaulingaw timadju, qaw maveceluq taza cuqelalj nimadju. qaw izua a taqepuan a drail, uri cemepis taza miliq sa pavay tjaimadju. qemeleqel timadju sa lemamedj ta qetim na miliq, qaw sipucemel aza miliq tua saqetjuqetjuan a kinacaucawan. qaw menguanguaq timadju.

== sikakudanan ==
naqeleqel taza cuqus na miliq kata [[saviki]] a [[Paiwan|payuan]] uta, maqati a lemamedj ta qetim naicu a cemel.

== kaizuanan ==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P178。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>sisekingan tua caquan a pakatjanu kai a kinacalisiyanan</title>
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      <text bytes="2384" sha1="mdv1c9utuuostm0i5j8i2jm9jjb6vcn" xml:space="preserve">rinasudj aicu a '''sisekingan tua caquan a pakatjanu kai a kinacalisiyanan''' nua kinateveteveljan a sikilalaingan tua sengesengan a kinacalisiyan a [[Taiwan|tayuan]]. paseking tiamadju tua matja sepatj puluq sa drusa a sikakaiyan nua matja tapuluq sa unem a zazukuan. tjemamalja itjen a kicaqu tua matjaliaw a tja sikakaiyan sa ljemakev tua tja sikakudakudan nua sekacalisiyan.

nu izuanga aicu a sisekingan tua caquan nua kacalisiyan a kai, uri maljavaljavar sa penetj taza vecik nua kacalisiyan a kai. qaw sangasangasan, izuanga a vecik nua kacalisiyan a kai tu liavan sa sinanpazangal a kacalisiyan a kai. 

== sipakeljang ==
pakata aicu a sisekingan tua caquan a kai a kinacalisiyanan, izua matja drusa a sengsengan itua kilangeda katua kiljavaran a paqaqayam itua tjaljatekuan katua vinecekadan. kau izua matja sepatj a sengsengan itua kilangeda, kiljavaran, semupu katua venecik a paqaqayam itua tjaljavavaw a pagalju, tjaljavavavan katua tjaljavavavavan. avanu sika izuanan sipakeljang pacun imaza i teku a paqaqayam pinapapapiliq tua tideq aza siayaya.   

{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|rivirivan 級別
|備註
|-
|tjaljavavavavan 優級
|能聽懂各類主題之複雜且專業的言談內容，如較長談話、辯論、演講、禱（祭）詞、歌謠、神話故事等。

能分辨談話背後的理由、立論根據、立論缺失及矛盾之處，並針對各種言談內容進行摘要、推論、總結或綜合判斷。
|-
|tjaljavavavan 高級
|能聽懂長篇且廣泛主題的談話或報導。（例如電視劇、新聞報導等）能聽懂談話的內容、架構、條理、觀點，並大致了解對話中的言外之意。
|-
|tjaljavavaw a pagalju     中高級
|能聽懂日常活動相關事務的語句。（例如指示方向、徵詢意見、提供資訊、工作等）

能聽懂日常生活的各式社交主題的談話。（例如節慶祭典、長輩談話等）。
|-
|vinecekadan 中級
|能聽懂日常生活的一般語句。（例如天氣變化、詢問近況等）

能聽懂日常活動相關事務的談話、報告。（例如特定訊息宣導等）
|-
|tjaljatekuan 初級
|能聽懂簡短的個人切身相關訊息。（例如身體特徵、健康狀況等）

能聽懂常見的特定訊息。（例如動作指令、方位等） 能聽懂個人基礎生活常用的簡短語句。（例如問候、道別、感謝、指稱等）
|}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>verdjinia wuv</title>
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        <id>1735</id>
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      <comment>verdjinia wuv (1902)</comment>
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      <text bytes="995" sha1="4dzphssxpqfk7l3fp1dzvbbpdwe5rrb" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:George Charles Beresford - Virginia Woolf in 1902 - Restoration.jpg|thumb|right|250px|verdjinia wuv (1902)]]
se'ingelend (England) ti verdjinia wuv (Adeline Virginia Woolf) a rusanvenecik ta tjaucikel, ta vinarungan. a tja kininemeneman timadju a seman tjaljapazangal a kisantjaucikel a situcuan masi 1900 a caviljan. katjaisangas timadju a venecik tau sinantjaucikelan tu sitjaucikecikel nimadju aza &quot;venaung sa sepapaulingaw.&quot;

'''verdjinia wuv(維吉尼亞·吳爾芙)'''
a itua pasanavalj ta kinsingtun (Kensington) nua i lundun (London) na pualjaki a sikamasanpitjulj ti verdjinia tjai tjuliya (Julia Prinsep Jackson) kati lisli (Leslie Stephen) tazua, namasanitalj a maljenguanguaq a kinacekeljan niamadju. inika vaik a sema gaku ti verdjinia a temakesi ka kakedriyan timadju, manu pinatulu timadju ni matjaljaljak nimadju tua kaiyan a se'ingelend (English) katua kavikturiyan sinitjaucikelan a vecik (Victorian literature).

==sinansunatj==

==kasizuan==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Paudull</title>
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      <text bytes="1743" sha1="me2hlcj6dgxva6p6jzva1cafmtdejh3" xml:space="preserve">aicu ti paudull（ciniukukan：陳建年；pinuyumakan：Paudull，1967 a caviljan 8 a qiljasan 1 a qadavan－）, mavan a kisansemenay a puyuma zuku i taiwan. ka 2000 a caviljan tazua timadju masa namakalap tua kazalan a 金曲獎 a duqubi, saka sinipukeljang itua semenay a sengsengan patje tucu. timadju namalap tua tjuruvu a kazalan a 金曲獎 a guhubi uta. kau nalemedaw kemasi imaza i [[Taitu king|taitu]] puyuma a qinaljan. avan za vuvu nimadju ti [[Baliwakes Raera]]‎ . izuanan madrusa a kisansemenay ti 紀曉君 katua 家家 mavan a mareka aljak nimadju. katjaisangas lja timadju avan nu kinsac izuanga man tjelu a cavilj katua tapuluq a qiljas, saka izua uta pinaka  &quot;金曲警察歌王&quot; siayaya . kau ka 2017 a caviljan 9 a qiljasan nakitjaula tua aicu a sengsengan, tucu nakipuvarung a seman senay katua pazuruzurung.

{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; | Baliwakes Raera
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | kisansemenay 
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kangadanan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  陸森寶
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljay
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]] 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1910.11.02-1988.03.26 (77 a cavilj)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |puyuma
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |kaqinaljan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  [[Taitu king|valangaw]]
|-
|}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>karuveljevelj</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Dradran</username>
        <id>857</id>
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      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
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      <text bytes="1307" sha1="pwmc4r1jk9t0mtgnia68n8kidklowlr" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Sambong (Blumea balsamifera) auricled petioles.jpg|縮圖]]
'''karuveljevelj(艾納香)'''

== kinavadavadayan ==
izuazua aicu a cemecemel i pakisitam(巴基斯坦), indisiya, miyamar(緬甸), tailan(泰國), [[Malaysia|malaysia]], taiwan kata ckuku a fudjian, guandung, guansi, guycu kata yunan, uri meqaca tiamadju i katjunangan a kemasi unem a iday a maretadjekuacan tua takuzulj a maretadjekuacan a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan. qaw masanlialiaw aicu a karuveljevelj i ljaviljaving kata iteku tua cemecemel, sa izuazua i ljaviljaving tua pana uta.

== sikakudanan ==
aicu a karuveljevelj, masan pazangal a venawa a cemecemel nua payuan. uri cemepis ta kaljapan, ljangi kata aicu a karuveljevelj sa kemesakesa, qaw dremasidrasi itua qaljiyu.

kasicuayan, semanpazangal ta karuveljevalj a payuan tua masancemel. uri kiasaw na karuveljevalj a uqaljay sa kemesakesa itua zaljum nu pualjaljak a vavayan, qaw maqati a sialap ti vavayan tua mavanav. maqati a pucemel ta mangilu aicu a karuveljevelj uta.

== kaizuanan ==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。節錄自P160。

中文維基百科:艾納香，網址: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%89%BE%E7%BA%B3%E9%A6%99。&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
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    <title>karuveljevalj</title>
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      <comment>Tjaiwan pinapapigagiljigilji anga a lisadayan na sapitj kemasi ta [[karuveljevalj]] a patje [[karuveljevelj]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="31" sha1="btyi3cidv1vf59zbx7k1c5h2256coc1" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[karuveljevelj]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Wu Ming-Yi</title>
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        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
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      <comment>timadju mavan a ciawsu se dunghua daigaku i kalingu king tucu, 2021</comment>
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|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |Wu Ming-Yi  
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[sineqetj a vecik:東華華文 吳明益 Wu Ming-yi.jpg|thumb|timadju mavan a ciawsu se dunghua daigaku i kalingu king tucu, 2021|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | venecivencik
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|ciniukukan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  吳明益
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|guka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |taiwan 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1971.6.20 (nalemedaw kemasi maza i taipaq hici)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| sinupuan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | hakasi
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|gaku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | na sihu zungyang daigaku (國立中央大學)
nase tinsiukiu kuzing a vuren daigaku (輔仁大學)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| pungadan a qadupu
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 《睡眠的航線》（2007）
《複眼人》（2011）

《浮光》（2014）

《單車失竊記》（2015）
|-
|}
aicu ti '''Wu Ming-Yi''' (1971 a caviljan 6 a qiljasan 20 a qadavan-) mavan a venecivencik, san papebulayan ta paridiu a caucau katua hakasi itua sengsengan pakatua kinkiu katua kadjunangan, kau timadju mavan uta aza hakasi a temulu tua mareka vecikan na ciniukukan imaza i dunghua daigaku.

pakata mareka qadupu niamdju izua 小說 katua 散文 matja drusa a sengsengan. kau izua tjaqaca a qadupu pinaka《複眼人》nimadju na paveli anga ta 版權 nimadju itua mareka guka i kacauan. saka masan ta sangasangasan a qadupu itjen na [[Taiwan|taiwan]] a patagilj a sinipaveli pasa zua pazangal a vinecikan a kuba i gaikuku.  izua matja drusa a semanqadupu a kuba na paveli ta aicu a qadupu paruta Harvill Secker（english a kai, 2013 a caviljan）katua Éditions Stock（french a kai, 2014 a caviljan）, kau aicu a french a kai a qadupu namalap ta kazalan a 法國島嶼文學獎 a duqubi（vungsey/français: Prix du livre insulaire）ka 2014 a caviljan tazua. 

ka 2018 a caviljan aza qadupu nimadju pinaka《單車失竊記》na 入圍 aicu a duqubi a 布克國際獎, masan tua sangasangasan a venecivecik na taiwan. kau izua zuma a tjakedri a qadupu pinaka《天橋上的魔術師》na masan tua 戲劇 itua tilibi ka 2021 a caviljan.

== qadupu ==
==== tjaqaca a qadupu ====
* 《睡眠的航線》（2007）
* 《複眼人》（2011）
* 《單車失竊記》（2015）

==== tjakedri a qadupu ====
* 《本日公休》（1997）
* 《虎爺》（2003）

* 《天橋上的魔術師》（2011）
* 《苦雨之地》（2019）

==== 散文 ====
* 《迷蝶誌》（2000）
* 《蝶道》（2003）
* 《家離水邊那麼近》（2007）
* 《浮光》（2014）
* 《黑潮島航：一群海人的藍色曠野巡禮》（2019）</text>
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    <title>Tân Tîng-Pho</title>
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      <comment>'''</comment>
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|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |chen chen bu  
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center &quot; | [[File:Chen Chengpo nd.jpg|thumb|chen chen bu timadju|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | seman zuga a caucau 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |ciniukukan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  陳澄波
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |guka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |taiwan 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1895.02.02-1947.03.25 (nalemedaw kemasi maza i chiayi/kagi king)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; | sengsengan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | seman zuga a caucau katua giʼing
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |gaku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | tukiu geijucu daigaku (東京美術學校)
na ripun sihu a  kokuko gaku (台灣總督府國語學校)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; | sinipukeljang a zuga
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 〈嘉義の町はづれ〉（ciniukukan：嘉義街外（一））
〈街頭の夏氣分〉（ciniukukan：夏日街景）

〈嘉義公園〉

〈淡水〉 

〈淡水夕照〉
|-
|}
'''aicu ti chen chen bu''' (ciniukukan:陳澄波；pinairangan:Tân Tîng-Pho；rininpungan:チェン　チェン　ポー), mavan a sinipukeljang a semanzuga a caucau i [[Taiwan|taiwan]] tazua ka ripun a djiday mata pitjaivililj a malivulivuan. ka 1926 a caviljan aza zuga nimadju pinaka《嘉義の町はづれ》(pinaka《嘉義街外》tucu nua aya) namapiliq itua seripun a sika masanpitjulj a 帝國美術院 sinan papaljizavan tua nemangamanga (帝展 siayaya uta). avanusika namasan ta sangasangasan a 西畫 taicu a zuga nasetaiwan makaya a pitua imaza i kinakudakudanan na ripun a sihu. saka pitjaivilji timadju rukicapilj tua i 帝展 katua zuma a maretimaljimalji a palisian uta. ka 1947 a caviljan, masa izua aicu a 228 a cinalivatan tazua, timadju namasan ta kitjauvalit a caucau pakata malivulivu katua kukumin sihu, saka nakinuangan ni sivitai imaza i tjaiqayaw a tisiaba i kagi. amin izua 52 a cavilj timadju.

== kipalikuzan ==

== zuga ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>pinarasudjan a mareka kalaingan</title>
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      <text bytes="607" sha1="fwcwsl1vj4tkjjrg1nc71urkvjw053m" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ōsama Ranking Logo.png|thumb|right|250px|pinakazugan a pinarasudjan a mareka kalaingan]]
[[Dripun|sedripung]] aicu a '''&quot;pinarasudjan a mareka kalaingan&quot;''' (王様ランキング, Ōsama Rankingu) a sinanmanga ni susuki tuka (とおか そうすけ).

==katjaucikelan==
inika punetalj ti busu a kilaingan tua papaljavakan nimadju ayatua saqetju aravac timadju. a tja kineljang tu pupicul ti busu, ljakua naparut aravac a aljak nimadju ti budji a vusam nua kazangiljan ni busu. sa namalacak a namaqumu ti budji, a kedrikedri a maqacuvucuvung timadju. inika kinicaqu nimadju tua siseqaseqas (puviri).</text>
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  <page>
    <title>mareusayan a lucuiki</title>
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      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
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      <text bytes="262" sha1="nw04j3q3l8ue47wn9g3636fnawjbzxp" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Lo-chui-khe Kong-sia 2004 live.jpg|thumb|right|250px|]]
a tja kineljang aicu a '''mareusayan a lucuiki''' (Lô-chúi-khoe Kong-siā; Loh Tsui Kweh Commune) a [[Taiwan|setayuan]] a kinateveteveljan a kisansemenay.

== kasizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>saizalu</title>
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        <username>Dradran</username>
        <id>857</id>
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      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
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      <text bytes="455" sha1="ejwyx04768p93jirgbqhxl7m89ytprz" xml:space="preserve">kinacu a saizalu nua vecekadan tua amilika na milika a malailaing a kemasi hawai(夏威夷) tua taiwan ka 1901 a cavilj[https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%89%91%E9%BA%BB], sa maqati a sinanalay aicu a cemel.
qaw, masa izua a ngadan na ripun taicu a cemel “サイザル麻(Saizaru asa)”aya, qadjaw pinaka “saizalu”nua [[Paiwan|payuwan]].


==cemecemel==
sinancemel aicu a saizalu.。&lt;ref&gt;[http://cht.a-hospital.com/w/%E5%89%91%E9%BA%BB 劍麻]&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
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    <title>sasusuan ni pitaguras</title>
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      <text bytes="4532" sha1="m2jvpxsahctmtjtqp49hez157c15yvn" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Pythagorean.svg|thumb|right|250px|sasusuan ni pitaguras]]
madjaludjalu manu pazangal a pinasusuan mavan aicu '''sasusuan ni pitaguras(畢氏定理)''' (Pythagorean theorem) a sikinemeneman tua vavuduan/tatideqan nua mareka vecik. makaya sinivecik sa papukeljang a ''a'' katua ''b'' tua drusa a gidigidian nua ta tjelu a putung, sa tja sinivecik ''c'' taza calisilisian. a tja kineljang aicu a sasusuan ni pitaguras mavan a sisupusupu sa paseljang matu:&lt;ref&gt;Judith D. Sally; Paul Sally (2007). [https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=nHxBw-WlECUC&amp;pg=PA63&amp;redir_esc=y#v=onepage&amp;q&amp;f=false &quot;Chapter 3: Pythagorean triples&quot;.] Roots to research: a vertical development of mathematical problems. American Mathematical Society Bookstore. p. 63. ISBN 978-0-8218-4403-8.&lt;/ref&gt; 
:&lt;math&gt; a^2 + b^2 = c^2. &lt;/math&gt;

==pinapungadan==
aicu a sususuan a pinapungadan ti piaguras a nasemupu a segeris a kinasicuayan. pasusangas a 1,000 a cavilj tazua, izua za sisupusupu a kineljangan nua caucau i kacauan. ljakua aicu a tja sinipapukeljang a ngadan taicu a sasusuan ni pitaguras tucu.

==sinisupuan==
nu namapacunan a sinivecikan a '''''C''''' a tja sipakeljang tua cacalisian nua ta tjelu a putung, sa pakatua zuma a gidigidian nua za tjelu a putung, izua za sinivecikan a '''''A''''' katua '''''B''''' a sipakeljang, mavan aicu a tja sinipakeljangan a sinisupuan nua sasusuan ni pitaguras:
: &lt;math&gt;a^2 + b^2 = c^2 .&lt;/math&gt;
nu namasan aicu a tja kineljangan a laladruqan nua A katua B, manu aicu a tja sisupusupu:
: &lt;math&gt; c = \sqrt{a^2 + b^2}. &lt;/math&gt;
nu nakemeljang itjen ta laladruqan nua '''''C''''' a cacalisian katua tailj a gidigidian ('''''A''''' ka na ika '''''B'''''), manu aicu a tja sisupusupu tua laladruqan nua zumanga a gidigidian:
: &lt;math&gt;a = \sqrt{c^2 - b^2} &lt;/math&gt;
ka na ika mavan aicu a maumalj a sinisupuan:
: &lt;math&gt;b = \sqrt{c^2 - a^2}. &lt;/math&gt;

saka, aicu a tja kineljang tu nu kemeljang itjen ta laladruqan nua matjadrusa a gidigidian nua ta tjelu a putung, maqatitjen a semupu sa kemeljang tua laladruqan nua sikamasantjelulj a gidigidian.
==pinakasaluan==
===sipatjavat tua pakasalu===
[[File:Pythagoras algebraic2.svg|right|150px]]
a tja sipakasalusalu a masan sepatj a tjelu a putung a pinapeseljang. sa paseljang itjen tua aicu a tjelu a putung itua ta sepatj a putung matu tja mapacuanan taicu a vecik i pasanavalj. a tja sipatjavatan aicu '''''C''''' a tja sipakeljang tua gidigidian nua za sepatj a putung.&lt;ref&gt;Alexander Bogomolny. [http://www.cut-the-knot.org/pythagoras/index.shtml#4 &quot;Cut-the-knot.org: Pythagorean theorem and its many proofs, Proof #4&quot;.] Cut the Knot. Retrieved 4 November 2010.&lt;/ref&gt; nu pasuvililj, izua tjaqaca a sepatj a putung tuki tja kineljang aicu a ''a'' + ''b'' aza gidigidian, saka sikeljangan tua tatideqan naza sepatj a putung aza sisupuan a (''a'' + ''b'')&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt;. penaqulid a patjeseljaseljang a tja mapacunan a laludraqan a cacalisian nua matjasepatj a tjelu a putung a katagiljan tua laladruqan a gidigidian nua sepatj a putung nu tjaivililj. a tja sipatjavatjavat mavan cu a '''''C''''' tua za laludraqan.
:&lt;math&gt;(b+a)^2 = c^2 + 4\frac{ab}{2} = c^2+2ab,&lt;/math&gt;
a pasuvililj avan cu a masan italj a sisupuspu:
:&lt;math&gt;c^2 = (b+a)^2 - 2ab = b^2+2ab+a^2-2ab = a^2 + b^2.&lt;/math&gt;
inka maljian mavan cu a masan italj a sipakasalusalu aza pinaseljangan a masan sepatj a tjelu a putung a pasanavalj (''right triangle''). a tja sipatjavat a '''''a''''', '''''b''''' katua '''''c''''' taza gidigidian. pinitaladj aza sepatj a tjelu a putung tua ta sepatj a putung. a tja sipatjavat tua laladruqan a gidigidian nua za sepatj a putung a '''''c'''''.&lt;ref&gt;Alexander Bogomolny. [http://www.cut-the-knot.org/pythagoras/index.shtml#3 &quot;Cut-the-knot.org: Pythagorean theorem and its many proofs, Proof #3&quot;.] Cut the Knot. Retrieved 4 November 2010.&lt;/ref&gt; ika maljian a tatideqan nua za tjelu a putung tua tatideqan a &lt;math&gt;\tfrac12ab&lt;/math&gt;. saka tja sinipapukeljang a ''b'' − ''a'' tua gidigidian nua masan italj a kedrian a sepatj a putung; a tja kineljang a (''b'' − ''a'')&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; tua tatideqan nua za sepatj a putung. a tjaivililj a tja sipapukeljang tua tatideqan nua tjaqaca a sepatj a putung aicu a sisupusupu sa paseljang matu: 
:&lt;math&gt;(b-a)^2+4\frac{ab}{2} = (b-a)^2+2ab = b^2-2ab+a^2+2ab = a^2+b^2. &lt;/math&gt; 
manu tja kineljang taicu a '''''c''''' a laladruqan a gidigidian nua sepatj a putung; aza '''''c'''''&lt;sup&gt;2&lt;/sup&gt; a tja sipapukeljang tua tatideqan nua za sepatj a putung. saka, mavan cu a tja sisupusupu sa paseljang:
:&lt;math&gt;c^2 = a^2 + b^2. &lt;/math&gt;

==kaizuan==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>kacu</title>
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        <id>16</id>
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      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
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      <text bytes="759" sha1="rcrqi5ftsvg1ygw0rpsl5os4o8jhzuo" xml:space="preserve">aicu a “singuc”, avan izua i sikaw, qaw pinaka “'''kacu'''” taicu a cemel na [[Paiwan|payuan]] kasicuayan.

== sikakudanan ==
nu masasaw ta masengseng a payuan, tjara kemavic ta sikaw tiamadju, sa pinizuanan ta sikaw a [[saviki]], tamaku kata zuma a turivecan. kasicuayan, natineqic a lekelek ta semansikaw, qaw izua a sakamaya a singuc, mavanga vaudj na kacu. 

nu semansinguc, uri kikacu sa sualapen ta qapulu kata asav, qaw pizua aza vaudj ta pariuk sa kemesakesa. nu makesanga taza qaljic, sa remugrug. qaw izuanan a vucelacelay a vuqel, sa maqatianga tua sinansinguc aicu a veqel. 

== kaizuanan ==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。節錄自P195。</text>
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pinapukeljang nua itjen aicu ti liaw tiamting (pinairangan a kangadan nimadju ti Liāu Thiam-teng) a namasanrakac a paqecev tua sedripungan tazua ka pinaljavakan nua sihu a drinipungan itua [[Taiwan|tayuan]].</text>
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      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/83.11.191.203|83.11.191.203]]（[[User talk:83.11.191.203|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]]的先前版本</comment>
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      <text bytes="844" sha1="6w0053220vrk5rna9le17ubrxcxowxb" xml:space="preserve">kasicuayan, izuazua a menavung igidi tua marekaumaqan. masanliawliaw aicu a cemel. sa, nu malumanga a menavung, uri kimenavung sa dremasidrasi sa remukuz taicu a menavung. nu uri qemungcuyanga, alapen taza menavung sa qemuqemu itua qungcuy. aicu a qungcuy nua payuan, sinandjemapesan a qaw a saljes na payuan, ljakua inika liaw venecikan izua. qaw sinanqungcuy a kasiw a payuan, izua a liawliaw a vinecikan mavan a caucaw, tjanguanguaq angata.

inika amin a qemungcuy, maqati a pasemalaw tua vinarungan nua vavayan: uri masan tua nguanguaq a qungcuy a payuan a uqaljay, sa pavay ta kinatjangelayan a vavayan tua kemeljang ta vinarungan na vavayan.

== kaizuanan ==
煙斗、菸草與台灣原住民──中央研究院數位典藏資源網，網址: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://ndaip.sinica.edu.tw/content.jsp?option_id=2441&amp;index_info_id=3444。&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
      <sha1>6w0053220vrk5rna9le17ubrxcxowxb</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>yuzilu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>298</id>
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      <id>12315</id>
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      <timestamp>2024-05-17T13:52:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>AjaxSmack</username>
        <id>1781</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12315</origin>
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      <text bytes="1575" sha1="isbkl8kwtvgc0as2sftlzpastdbbd2g" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:洛神花 Hibiscus sabdariffa - panoramio.jpg|縮圖]]

aicu a '''yuzilu''' (ciniukukuan: 洛神花), masanliawliaw i namasanculjuculju a kinaqadavan nua kacawan, maqati a meqaca tu drusa marutadjekuacan, sa qudjidjilj aza cuqus naicu a cemel. marukaviyangan aza asav na yuzilu, mavan a kemasi alu tua tapuluq sa lima a marutaljudjuqan a tjaljiqaca. qulivalivay a vuljangaw aza yuzilu, qaw maqati semanucia kata djemaung tua kakanen.

== kinavadavadayan ==
kasicuayan, izuazua a yuzilu itjaikaledep tua [[afica]] (非洲), qaw tinalem itua [[kacawan]] matu indisiya. izuazua i ckuku a fudjian, guandung, guansi kata yunan uta. aicu a pinaywanan a ngadan na yuzilu kata rinipugan a “ローゼル” mavan a valjaka a kai a “Roselle”. ka ripunanan, tinalem taza yuzilu itua kacedasan na taiwan, qaw pinaka “yuzilu” uta.

== sikakudanan ==
nu sigacu tuki pasuvilji tua hacigacu, uri venuciyar aicu a yuzilu; uri meqacaqaca a yuzilu i sepatj a qiljasan.


maqati a papucemel ta luljayan, maqusaw, kedri a isiq, saqetjuan na qavuvung, mavavaw a djameq na qavuvung kata qalev itua tja djameq a yuzilu, mamau ta cemel. qaw maqati a semanucia kata tatekelan uta a yuzilu, qaljeceqec aravac. liawliaw a qetim na yuzilu itjaikaledep ta afica, ljakua kedrianan i pavavelian itjaikaledep tua valjaka.

==cemecemel==
sinancemel aicu a yuzilu.

==kakanen==
sikesakesa aicu a yuzilu a makaya a seman tja kakanen.

== kaizuanan ==
1.參考資料:中文維基百科-洛神花，網址: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%8E%AB%E7%91%B0%E8%8C%84。&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
      <sha1>isbkl8kwtvgc0as2sftlzpastdbbd2g</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>kanadunadung</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>299</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11439</id>
      <parentid>11421</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-10-11T08:21:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11439</origin>
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      <text bytes="907" sha1="9xbfi1z5ev7r4aaq9ck73timrs3sgfu" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Abrus precatorius Pods.jpg|縮圖]]
'''kanadunadung(雞母珠)''', pinaka kaljadju na [[Paiwan|payuan]] uta, mavan a duku a cemel na marekaqalizang. masanliawliaw aicu a cemel i namasanculjuculju a kinaqadavan na kacawan.

== kinakemudan ==
avan a vaudj aicu a kanadunadung, venuciyar a kanadunadung nu kaljavevean tuki kaljazalangzangan nu kugacu, sa qudjidjilj, kulimalimac kata vutaqiteqilj aza vuciyar. puquljaw aza vat nua kanadunadung, izua a qudjidjilj ivavaw taza vat, qaw izua a qucengecengel iteku, mamau ta quljaw na quljimazingay.

== sikakudanan ==
izua a duku itua vat na kanadunadung, saka uri mapaljiq(中毒) nu kamen taza vat, qaw maqati a macayanga. maqati a cemusu tua vat na kanadunadung sa masanzangaq.

== kaizuanan ==

王琦榕. [https://etd.sinica.edu.tw/sinoramaweb/content/ChEnIm.asp?chptnumber=50906 雞母珠毒蛋白抗癌]. 《光華雜誌》. 1980年9月.</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Paelabang Danapan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>300</id>
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      <id>11888</id>
      <parentid>11887</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-03-19T03:38:08Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
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      <text bytes="1315" sha1="7ztqqhat08hlknxcwuqvfjotxft7rg0" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Paelabang Danapan (cropped).jpg|縮圖|304x304像素|ti sinsi i Paelabang Danapan.]]
Paelabang Danapan, sepuyuma, pinualjakan i qinaljan a pinaseki sepuyuma i [[valangaw]], nakitjala ti Paelabang Danapan a kemasi daigaku i taihuku, qaw keminkiu tua kininemeneman na kiukay kata chuku. namasansinsi i daigaku i taihuku timadju, 
sa namasan ta malailaing na yuminhuy kata ciyencayen nua kuni a [[Taiwan|taiwan]] kasicuayan uta.

== cinalivatan ==
zemurung a qemati ta qadupu a “kakudanan nua gaduan kata ljavek(山海文化)” ka 1993 a cavilj, qaw seman taza kaigi a kakudanan nua taiwan a kacalisiyan kati金恆煒, sinsi ti謝世忠i magaku na akaw.

=== sengsengan nua yuminhuy ===
namasan ti Paelabang Danapan ta malailaing na yuminhuy a kemasi a 1996 a cavilj, qaw paljavak tiamdju ta sengsengan ta ljenguaq ta umaqan i qinaljan masa macunuq ta luni ka 1999 a cavilj a patjeta 2000 a cavilj.

naqivuqivu a inika “sevalitan nua chuku” timadju i livayen ka 2012 a cavilj.

=== sengsengan nua ciyencayen ===
ka 2014 a cavilj kata sicigacu a drusa puluq sa siva a qadavan, namaljaui a livayen sa masan tua masanlimalj a malailaing na ciyencayen timadju.

== kaizuanan ==
1.中文維基百科-孫大川，網址: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%AD%AB%E5%A4%A7%E5%B7%9D。&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
      <sha1>7ztqqhat08hlknxcwuqvfjotxft7rg0</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qadavan nua kacalisiyan i kacawan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>301</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12338</id>
      <parentid>9226</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-04T00:16:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>20</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
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      <text bytes="2422" sha1="4za4g11akmmhqqx5bpzlxq1lmor8eof" xml:space="preserve">==cinalivatan==
patjara tua qadavan nua kacalisiyan i kacawan, kinasi tua kinateveteveljan nua [[marekakunian]] a sangasangasan a na penaljang ka i 1999 a cavilj a 12 a qiljasan. aicu a sangasangasan ta qadavan nua kacalisiyan i kacawan, uri tjasi pupalisian a pitua kacaviljan a patje tapuluq a cavilj(1995-2004). ka 2004 a cavilj, penaljang nua kinateveteveljan na marekakunian tu sikamasanmusalj tua qadaw nua kacalisiyan i kacawan a cavilj(2005-2015)” naramukac katua pasuljan a patje tapuluq a cavilj a sinanpazangalan.”&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.un.org/en/observances/indigenous-day &quot;&quot;Indigenous designs: celebrating stories and cultures, crafting their own future&quot;&quot;]. United Nations. Retrieved 9 August 2011.&lt;/ref&gt; papupicul tua maretimalj a marekakunian a caucau, ulja kicapilj tua aicu a kipaqenetjan a qadaw, sipakeljang ta na kinateveteveljan nua marekakunian a sinipatjara tua na kacalisiyan a sengesengan. aicu a sengesengan izua maljavar ta temulu katua kakituluan a sinikituluan, ulja tjakemeljan a timaimanga tua kacalisiyan.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;International Day of the World's Indigenous Peoples&quot;. timeanddate.com. Time and Date AS. Retrieved 9 August 2011.&lt;/ref&gt;

==kanada==
napatagilj aza kinateveteveljan imaza i kingtun i untariu (Kingston, Ontario) a papirazek tua sipatjevarungan tua kacalisiyan i kacawan. sa pucapilji a zuma a kinateveteveljan seqaljaqalja a mangetjez semamaza.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220314081320/https://ollin.ca/worlds-indigenous-peoples &quot;World's Indigenous Peoples&quot;]. World's Indigenous Peoples. Retrieved 9 August 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;

== taiwan ==
ka 2016 a caviljan, napenetj taza “kinaqatiyan nua taiwan a kacalisiyan” nu hacigacu sa ita a qadavan a sihu na tjuku Tsai. qaw paqaljapaljay tua kacalisiyan a cungtung ti tjuku Tasi tu pupalisiyan taicu a kinaqitiyan, sa kaljavaljavar  tua kemuda tu semanhulic tiamadju, pakeljang sa maqati a maseljaseljang a teveteveljan nua kacalisiyan, matu ciuyubukay nua cungtungvu(總統府) a “kinateveteveljan a kisan ljemenguaq a pacikel tua namapaqulid a likisi kata kisan pacikel tua kamanguaq a paqulid nua marka kacalisiyan&quot;(原住民歷史正義和轉型正義委員會). saka, kiljaljava a sihu tua uri paqaljay tua kakudan kata likisi nua kacalisiyan a caucaw, sa maqati a mapacikel a niamadju a kamanguaqan, ulja pakipapaulingaw tua caucau a mapuljat i itua tja kukka, izuanga a liawliaw a kakudan itua [[Taiwan|taiwan]].
==kaizuan==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>atlantis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>302</id>
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      <id>12262</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
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      <text bytes="950" sha1="dri1yfz73wbas7bxe623cnvxl396pxe" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Atlantis Kircher Mundus subterraneus 1678.jpg|right|250px]]
kakaizuan aicu a kadjunangan a atlantis tua sinantjaucikel a &quot;ti tima'us kati kritiyas (Timaeus and Critias)&quot; ni platu (Plato).

==kaljavaran itua sinantjaucikel ni platu==
===tima'us===
amin aicu a kaizuan tua atlantis mavan a kaljavaran itua &quot;ti tima'us kati kritiyas&quot; sinantjaucikel ni platu. a tja kineljang aicu a kaljavaran tu na vaik ti sulun (Solon) a sema idjiputu kasi caviljan a 590 a patje caviljan a 580 (BC). a sipasemalav niamadju tuki tjemaucikel timadju tua cinalivatan nua seidjiputu.&lt;ref&gt;Ley, Willy (June 1967). [https://archive.org/details/Galaxy_v25n05_1967-06_modified?view=theater#page/n37/mode/2up &quot;Another Look at Atlantis&quot;.] For Your Information. Galaxy Science Fiction. pp. 74–84.&lt;/ref&gt; a itua aicu a &quot;tima'us&quot; a tja mapacunan tuki vinecikan ni platu a sipatjaucikel tua atlantis tazua nu i caviljan a 360 (BC).

== kasizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
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  <page>
    <title>kai nua ukelan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>303</id>
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      <id>12236</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12236</origin>
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      <text bytes="9118" sha1="mczp0r56uecdoowrj7zwzehi8fgj40p" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:light; width: 270px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#C4E1FF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |'''kai nua ukelan'''&lt;br&gt;&lt;small&gt;''украї́нська мо́ва''&lt;/small&gt;
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kakunian
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |ukelan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|sikiljavaran nua mapida a caucau
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | ma 4,000 kudraw a caucau
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kavecikan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | kavecikan nua kai na ukelan
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#C4E1FF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |pinakakaizuanan nua vinarungan tua kai
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; text-align:left; font-weight:light&quot; |prutu indu iyurupin (&lt;small&gt;''	(Proto-Indo-European)''&lt;/small&gt;) &lt;br&gt;prutu baletu selavik &lt;small&gt;''(Proto-Balto-Slavic)''&lt;/small&gt; &lt;br&gt;prutu selavik &lt;small&gt;''(Proto-Slavic)''&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;kinasicuayan a tjinaikacedas a selavik &lt;br&gt; ruteniyan &lt;small&gt;''(Ruthenian)''&lt;/small&gt;&lt;br&gt;tjinainavalj a kinakaian (kinasicuayan a kai na ukelan)
|}

nu tja pacunan a pakatua sasusuan a vecik, tjalja demutan ta kai na seukelan mavana a sepaieluse a kai (izua alu puluq saka sepatj vatan a mamavan), qau nutja susuin ta demuta mavan a pulan a kai (pitju puluq saka pitju vatan), saewiya. keluaisiya akai (unem pulq saka alu vatan) seluvake a kai (unem puluq saka unem vatan). katua pinamamauan a sasusuan a vecik ta 俄語 amin unem poluq saka rusa vatan.

aicu a '''ukelan a kakaian (украї́нська мо́ва)''', pakata zaian, sirukaian, vecik tja sedudut ta vilarus   katua rasiya a kai. izua a linukuz a kai a pasemamalaw niamadju. kalja liyaw a sikamawan na kai sa za kinkingkiu ta kai a hakasi na pasemula uta.&lt;ref&gt;David Dalby. 1999/2000. The Linguasphere Register of the World's Languages and Speech Communities (The Linguasphere Observatory), Volume Two, pg. 442: &quot;53-AAA-e, Russkiy+Ukrainska&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; ljakua aicu a ukelan a kai kata rasiya a kai kimamaw a tjumaq inianan sepualang tucu. kalja azua rasiya kata vilarus a kai pinengetj tu tadjaljan. ljakua tiamadju mamaw kata ukelan. qatjaw kimasi tua pasakacdas a slavus a kai a vadai.&lt;ref&gt;Bernard Comrie and Greville G. Corbett, ed. 1993. The Slavonic Languages (Routledge).
Ethnologue, 16th edition.
Bernard Comrie. 1992. &quot;Slavic Languages,&quot; International Encyclopedia of Linguistics (Oxford). Vol. 3, pp. 452–456.&lt;/ref&gt;

izua uta a caucau a seukelan (iyukurin) a i kanada. mapuljat a ma 133 a kudraw a caucau tiamadju. manasika maumalj a kaian a ukelan imaza i kanada. aza kai a ukelan nua i kanada. namapacunan a sikakayan a ukelan nua ma 6.2 a kudraw a caucau a patje caviljan a 2018. nu ljiacadja aicu a kai nua ukelan tua sihu a kinateveteveljan a suviyat (a tja kineljangan a CCCP; Союз Советских Социалистических Республик), sinikaljavar niamadju a tjaliaw a takalan a kemasi tua kai nua ingulend (English) katua kai nua vurangs (français).

[[sineqetj a vecik:WIKITONGUES- Vira speaking Ukrainian.webm|thumb|250px|kai nua ukelan]]
== cinalivatan ==
aicu a kai nasewukelan mavan anga sicuayan a kai i pasakacedas a 斯拉夫 kemasi 中世紀 i pinaljavakan a 基輔羅斯 tazua a caucau nasemuljudj. kemasi 1804 a caviljan patje 俄國 a malivulivu a pitjaisangas tazua, aza 俄羅斯帝國 a kukka siayaya na kanri tjatjuruvu a kadjunangan i wukelan(izua pinaljavakan i vecekadan, i pasakacedas katua i pasanavalj a wukelan), saka ika maqati a cemekaulj taicu a kai nasewukelan itua penuljat a gaku, ljakua imaza i pinaljavakan i pasakaledep a wukulan neka nu kanri pasa tua 俄羅斯, ulja inika qineceng a temulu ta aicu a kai, avansika izuanan a seljuseljudjen katua ikiw kasicuayan patje tucu.

==kavecikan nua kai na seukelan==
{| style=&quot;margin:0.2em auto;padding:0;border:1px solid #ced8df;clear:{{{clear|both}}};width:{{{width|36em}}};&quot;
! colspan=&quot;30&quot; style=&quot;background:#efefef;&quot;|[[kavecikan nua kai na seukelan]]
|- lang=&quot;uk&quot;
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[А]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[а]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Б]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[б]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[В]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[в]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Г]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[г]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Ґ]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[ґ]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Д]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[д]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Е]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[е]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Є]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[є]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Ж]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[ж]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[З]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[з]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[И]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[и]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[І]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[і]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Ї]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[ї]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Й]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[й]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[К]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[к]]
|- lang=&quot;uk&quot;
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Л]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[л]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[М]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[м]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Н]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[н]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[О]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[о]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[П]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[п]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Р]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[р]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[С]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[с]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Т]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[т]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[У]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[у]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Ф]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[ф]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Х]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[х]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Ц]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[ц]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Ч]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[ч]]
|style=&quot;paddng-right:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Ш]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[ш]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Щ]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[щ]]
|- lang=&quot;uk&quot;
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Ь]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[ь]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Ю]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[ю]]
|style=&quot;padding-left:0.15em;text-align:right;&quot;|[[Я]]
|style=&quot;padding-right:0.15em;text-align:left;&quot;|[[я]]
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&lt;noinclude&gt;

==kinakaian==
===pinulisiyan a tjinaivecekadan===
sikakayan aicu a pinulisiyan a tjinaivecekadan nua caucau sepasakaledep a viri tua kiev, a caucau sepasaviri tua zitumir (Житомирська область) katua caucau sepasakacedas a viri tua rivene (Рівненська область). &lt;ref&gt;[http://litopys.org.ua/ukrmova/um167.htm Середньополіський говір. Українська мова. Енциклопедія.] Litopys.org.ua. [2013-01-13]. （原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20210201132851/http://litopys.org.ua/ukrmova/um167.htm 存檔]於2021-02-01）.&lt;/ref&gt;

===pinulisiyan a tjinaikaledep===
sikakayan aicu a pinulisiyan a tjinaikaledep nua caucau sepasaviri tua vulin (Волинська область), a caucau sepasakaledep a viri tua rivene (Рівненська область) katua cuacua a sebrist (Брэсцкая вобласць) nua i bilarus (Рэспубліка Беларусь). tjemaibilarus a caucau imaza tua aicu a kaian a pinulisiyan a tjinaikaledep.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20120522181734/http://www.belarusguide.com/as/map_text/havorki.html Maps of Belarus: Dialects on Belarussian territory.]Belarusguide.com. [2013-01-13]. （原始內容[http://www.belarusguide.com/as/map_text/havorki.html 存檔]於2012-09-17）.&lt;/ref&gt;

==kaizuan==</text>
      <sha1>mczp0r56uecdoowrj7zwzehi8fgj40p</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>Liglav A-wu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>304</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10324</id>
      <parentid>10050</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-07-28T23:24:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404]]（[[User talk:2A00:F41:4877:1F2B:E55B:C558:DE7C:5404|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>7445</origin>
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      <text bytes="1250" sha1="g6crl2nqranlv7hg5sf75qcv49jjpsy" xml:space="preserve">Liglav A-wu, napirang a ngadan nimadju a “高振蕙”, sinipualjak i [[Qakaw king|akaw king]] sa payuwanzuku timadju. ljautia ti ‘ama nimadju sa payuwan ti ‘ina nimadju. qaw ti Liglav A-wu ana semanvinecik taza qadupu nua kakedriyan uta. izua a kinasengseng nimadju a “ti ‘ama itua ku sepi.( 《夢中的父親》, nakiruku itua qadupu a 《九歌100年散文選》 ka 2012 a cavilj.)”, qaw sinipiliq tua siking aicu a kinasengseng na gakku ka 2020 a cavilj.

== kinasengseng ==
“tima a kemava ta bulabulay a kava a ku vinecik?”(《誰來穿我織的美麗衣裳》), naqemacuvung ka 1996 a cavilj sa sicigacu.

“qudjidjilj a angalj na vuvu”(《紅嘴巴的VuVu》), naqemacuvung ka 1997 a cavilj sa sigacu.

“mulidan: venecivecik tua qinaljan.”(《穆莉淡Mulidan：部落手扎》), naqemacuvung ka 1998 a cavilj sa ziunigacu.

“venecikan nua tjaucikel.”(《故事地圖》), naqemacuvung ka 2003 a cavilj sa likugacu.

“drinaudraw a kaqunuwan na sevalitan.”(《祖靈遺忘的孩子》), naqemacuvung ka 2015 a cavilj sa ziunigacu.

== kaizuanan ==
中文維基百科-利格拉樂·阿鄔，網址: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://zh.wikipedia.org/zh-tw/%E5%88%A9%E6%A0%BC%E6%8B%89%E6%A8%82%C2%B7%E9%98%BF%F0%A1%A0%84。&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
      <sha1>g6crl2nqranlv7hg5sf75qcv49jjpsy</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>ukelan</title>
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        <id>1544</id>
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      <text bytes="2670" sha1="tfivalfxlbx8e0zbinv28i1w9nj5frl" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F0F0F0; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#FF9797	; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |ukelan
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[File:Kyiv city view 24 October 2016.jpg|250px]]
|- style=&quot;background:#FF9797; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |kadjunangan
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[file:Europe-Ukraine (disputed territory).svg|250px]]
|-
|}
'''ukelan(烏克蘭)''' (Україна)
aicu a i [[iyurupu|iyurup]] (Europe) a pinuveqeveqan, sikamasanmusalj tua tjaljiqacanan a kadjunangan na seukelan, tjakedri tua elus a kadjunangan, tjara izua tu 4117 a kuraw nua caucauan (inika tinevelj a paliljaw i kelimiya). nu tjapasusuin a pinangalj a kadjunangan na seukelan, izua drusa a puluq saka sepatj a tjaljaveqeveqan, ita a pinuiqinaljanan a kimadju tu kilalaing, matjadrusa a veqeveqan (tjivu katua saivangpaw), izua pitju a puluq saka alu a pasauiday na seukelan a caucauan, izua zuma a seelus katua serumaniya a caucau, pinenetjan nua ukelan a sihu tu sikakaiyan niamadju a ukelan a kai, sa kakisusuan niamadju a 東正教. 

seukelan a kakaiyan na kemasi tua selavu i pasakacedas a selavu a kai. pinenetjan nua ukelan a sihu tu sikakaiyan niamadju, qau na masan drusa uta siqivuan a kai. seljudjen ta na silie a kavecikan tu masan niamadju a vecik, tjara izua namaretimalji katua na sesue a kavecikan. izua tu 4700 a kuraw a caucauan a seljudjen ta na ukelan a kakaiyan, itua selavu a kakayan, tjaiteku tua sesue a vecik kata sepulang a vecik. 

qadjav ka 800 a patje 899 a caviljan, na qemati a caucau sepasakacedas a serav tua sangasangasan a kaqinaljanan (kunian) kiamadjua sa namasan temalidu a lizuk a kiev. napupicul a kaqinaljanan niamadju tazua. ljakua kasi 1300 a caviljan, na pinaljavak aza iyukurin (Ukraine) nua kaqinaljanan a ulug’ulus (Ulug Ulus; Golden Horde), nua puland (Poland) katua kaqinaljanan a lituaniya (Lietuvos Didžioji Kunigaikštystė)&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.britannica.com/place/Ukraine Ukraine :: History – Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Britannica.com.] [2011-10-31]. （原始內容存檔於2014-10-14）.&lt;/ref&gt;. a pasuvililj tua qaqecian a tjinaiviri (kemasi tua caviljan a 1700 a patje caviljan a 1721), na pinaljavak a iyukurin nua zuma a qinaljan. a pasuvililj tua caviljan a 1800, ulja penuljat a kadjunangan nua iyukurin a namasan pinaljavakan nua mazangiljan a rusiya (Russian Empire). sa patjara zuma a kadjunangan nua iyukurin, a pinaljavakan nua mazangiljan a awsciya hungary (Österreichisch-Ungarische Monarchie) tazua. 

[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Ukraine.svg|縮圖]]

==kaizuan==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>papuligu ni nuabil tua venecik ta kininemeneman</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>11774</id>
      <parentid>10832</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-02-10T21:04:04Z</timestamp>
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        <username>YiFeiBot</username>
        <id>1118</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: Migrating 1 langlinks, now provided by [[d:|Wikidata]] on [[d:q37922]]</comment>
      <origin>11774</origin>
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      <text bytes="199" sha1="eqmmzzzgj8vgakcbbggfpsy6bwh7b92" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Nobel Prize Medal in Chemistry.jpg|right|thumb|250px|]]
ljemita tua cavilj a '''papuligu ni nuabil tua venecik ta kininemeneman''' kemasi tua caviljan a  1901 mavan aicu a papuliguan i suiden.</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tsai I-lin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>309</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12615</id>
      <parentid>12360</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-17T18:24:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12615</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="3514" sha1="sijg8xyvlxovd8l8jlgy90odueyyfd7" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |tsai i-lin
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[File:蔡依林出席王国大帝全球巡回赛现场 cropped (cropped).jpg|thumb|ka 2018 a cavilj, ti tsai i-lin na kicapilj tua ita kiqaqepuan|250px|center]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | rusenasenai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |vavayan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Inamilikan a ngadan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Jolin Tsai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; | kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1980.9.15 (42 a cavilj) 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |pepu (izua 1/4 a papula zuku)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kai
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |ljinautian, inamirikan
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kaqinaljan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | taihuku, nantu i puli 

|-
|}

'''aicu ti tasi i-lin''' (inamirikan: Jolin Tsai; ciniukukan: 蔡依林; {{Bd|15 a qadaw na 9 a qiljas|1980 a caviljan||}}) mavan a kisansemenay i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], nalemedaw kemasi imaza i taihuku i sinzuang cy (tucu i 新北市新莊區). na patagilj aza sengsengan itua senay nimadju kemasi 1999 a caviljan. napaveli anga paselaw 2,500 kuravan a rikudu nimadju i kacauan katjaivililj tua 2000 a cavilj patje tucu. namasan pazangal a kisansemenay itua kinasenayan na ciniukuan masa sinipukeljang azua rikudu nimadju liawliaw pakatua tjadjaljaw a senay katua ziyan italadj tua senay. ka 2021 a caviljan, aza sinan senay nimadju a rikudu pinaka《Ugly Beauty》(nguanguaq katua sekulung) na malap tua drusa a kazalan a 金曲獎 a duqubi, izua tjaljananguaqan a caviljan a senay katua tjalja nanguaqan caviljan a rikudu.

== kipalikuzan ==

== ikiw ==

== rikudu ==

* 《1019》（1999 a caviljan）
* 《Don't Stop》（2000 a caviljan）
* 《Show Your Love》（2000 a caviljan）
* 《Lucky Number》（2001 a caviljan）
* 《看我72變》（2003 a caviljan）
* 《城堡》（2004 a caviljan）
* 《J-Game》（2005 a caviljan）
* 《舞孃》（2006 a caviljan）
* 《特務J》（2007 a caviljan）
* 《花蝴蝶》（2009 a caviljan）
* 《Myself》（2010 a caviljan）
* 《Muse》（2012 a caviljan）
* 《呸》（2014 a caviljan）
* 《Ugly Beauty》（2018 a caviljan）

== kazalan ==

== kinaqepuan a semenay ==

* J1世界巡迴演唱會（kemasi 2004 a caviljan patje 2006 a caviljan）
* 唯舞獨尊世界巡迴演唱會（kemasi 2006 a caviljan patje 2009 a caviljan）
* Myself世界巡迴演唱會（kemasi 2010 a caviljan patje 2013 a caviljan）
* Play世界巡迴演唱會（kemasi 2015 a caviljan patje 2016 a caviljan）
* Ugly Beauty世界巡迴演唱會（kemasi 2019 a caviljan patje 2021 a caviljan）

== kuba ==
timadju nalemindjelj aza kuba pinaka 凌時差音樂 kemasi 2009 a caviljan patje tucu.

== sunatj ==
* 《19歲》（2000 a caviljan）
* 《假面公主·騎士精神》（2002 a caviljan）
* 《Jolin的24堂英文日記課》（2005 a caviljan）
* 《Jolin的6場單字派對》（2005 a caviljan）
* 《愛的練習語》（2008 a caviljan）
* 《養瘦》（2012 a caviljan

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[pinapapilipiliqan:kacalisian nua Taiwan]]
[[pinapapilipiliqan:sinbey]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Cudjuy Patjidres</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>310</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11263</id>
      <parentid>11175</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-30T08:36:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dradran</username>
        <id>857</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11263</origin>
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      <text bytes="772" sha1="qu6g9qx5dfodp22ef4as63te27vfjsi" xml:space="preserve">aicu ti Cudjuy Patjidres (ciniukukan:宋海華) mavan a rutulutulu tua [[kivecik]] a sinsi nase [[Paiwan|paiwan zuku]] i taiwan tucu. aicu a kivecik a sengsengan parusicuacuayan inika cemekaulj pasa tua kikay, ljakua timadju pasusu tua sicuacuayan aza saliman, saka izua maljian a siqunu katua djaum sa tjemuktjuk itua qaljic a qaljaqalja niamadju. avan sika timadju namasan ta sangasangasan a parusicuacuayan a nakivecik a caucau katua kinkiu pakatua aicu a sengsengan sekacalisian uta. tucu izua anan aicu a kakudan i gaikuku parutua i薩摩亞,夏威夷,大溪地 katua philipine, kasicuayan imaza i taiwan izua aicu a kakudan nasekacalisian, ljakua masa aza sihu tazua mangetjez imaza i qinaljan tu kanri katua sualapen aicu a bunka, sa maquliqulip anga tucu a djiday.</text>
      <sha1>qu6g9qx5dfodp22ef4as63te27vfjsi</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Chin-Min Yang</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>311</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12379</id>
      <parentid>12378</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-08T06:28:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Chin-Min Yang nakicapilj tua paqaqayam, 2021</comment>
      <origin>12379</origin>
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      <text bytes="2543" sha1="kpjm06volrua3zcdm6rcmelhjsmnl99" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; | Chin-Min Yang
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[sineqetj a vecik:楊敬敏.jpg|thumb|Chin-Min Yang nakicapilj tua paqaqayam, 2021|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | unduin nase 籃球
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kangadanan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  楊敬敏
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]] 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1984.1.22 (38 a cavilj)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]][[Taiwan]] i [[Kalinku king|kalingu]] i [[Yuli|yuli]]
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |muqami 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|cinalivatan na sengsengan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |ka 2003 a cavilj patje tucu
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!cavilj
|kinateveteveljan
|-
!2003–2007
|臺灣銀行
|-
!2007–2012
|台灣啤酒
|-
!2012–2013
|山西汾酒猛龍
|-
!2013–2014
|新疆廣匯飛虎
|-
!2014–2016
|上海東方大鯊魚
|-
!2016–2019
|北京控股
|-
!2019–2021
|寶島夢想家 / 福爾摩沙台新夢想家
|-
!2021–patje tucu
|新北國王
|}
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|gakku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |nase tinsiukiu kuzing a vuren daigaku (輔仁大學)
|-
|}
'''aicu ti Chin-Min Yang''' (ciniukukan:楊敬敏；inamizukuan: Amigo) mavan a unduin pakata buru pinaka 籃球 nua aya i taiwan. timadju itua mareka paqaqayam namasengseng aicu a 小前鋒 nua aya, a imi mavan ljaicu a cemavulid tua sengsengan pakatua venailjing tua buru itua aralj siayaya. saka tucu timadju nakicapilj tua kinateveteveljan i P. LEAGUE+ (pinaka PLG katua 新北國王) nua aya. katjaisangas timadju nakicapilj uta tua kinateveteveljan i SBL (pinaka 超級籃球聯賽) nua aya, 臺灣銀行 katua 台灣啤酒. kau ka 2012 a caviljan timadju navaik maciuku a kicapilj tua CBA (pinaka 中國男子籃球職業聯賽) nua aya, izua matja sepatj a kinateveteveljan parutua 山西汾酒猛龍, 新疆廣匯飛虎, 上海東方大鯊魚 katua 北京控股. ka 2019 a caviljan tuazua timadju na mangetjez imaza i taiwan sa kicapilj tua 寶島夢想家.

== kasizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>kpjm06volrua3zcdm6rcmelhjsmnl99</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kuo Hsing-Chun</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>312</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12382</id>
      <parentid>7560</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-08T06:33:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>'''</comment>
      <origin>12382</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2590" sha1="3qwt1y3pve2uxede318lpvsqgai7b66" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; | Kuo Hsing-Chun
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[File:Kuo Hsing-Chun 20170907 (cropped).jpg|thumb|Kuo Hsing-Chun timadju nakicapilj tua palisian imaza i upu na velenget ka 2017 a caviljan|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | unduin nase 舉重
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kangadanan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  郭婞淳, tana
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |vavayan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]] 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1993.11.26 (28 a cavilj)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]][[Taiwan]] i yilan king
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |muaqami
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |gakku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |nase tinsiukiu kuzing a vuren daigaku itua undu a tatuluan (輔仁大學體育系)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |kaqinaljan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  [[Taitu king|taitu king]],  [[Taiwan]]
|-
|}
'''aicu ti Kuo Hsing-Chun''' (ciniukukan:郭婞淳；inamizukuan:Tana) mavan a unduin nase 舉重 nua aya. nalemedaw kemasi imaza i yilan king. timadju kemasi imaza i [[Taitu king|taitu]] i valangaw a qinaljan uta. na kitjuala kemasi i na pakata undu kaucung a gaku kitjeljc sihu taitu daigaku(國立臺東體中) katua nase tinsiukiu kuzing a vuren daigaku itua undu a tatuluan(輔仁大學體育系). avan sika tucu namasan tua huciawsu imaza i vuren daigaku se undu a tatuluan. timadju namalap tua liawliaw a pazangal a tjaljavavavan a pakaleva nase paqaqayam a 舉重, parutua ka 2020 a caviljan aulingpiya undukai (奧林匹亞運動會) imaza i ripun i tukiyu, na kialap tua sangasangasan a pakaleva pakata 舉重 nase vavayan a 59 a kinasadjelung katua mareka paqaqayam imaza i kacauan. ka 2017 a caviljan timajdu na paselaw tjaljavavavan a tinsu izua 142 a kinasadjelung itua 挺舉, namsan ta sangasangasan a tinsu se vavayan a unduin i kacauan tuazua. ka tjaivililj ta 2018 a caviljan patje tucu timadju mavananga tjaljasangasangasan a unduin nasevavayan namalap tua vavavan a tinsu pakata 59 a kinasadjelung itua 抓舉, 挺舉, katua penuljat a tinsu matja tjelu a 項目 i kacauan.

== kipalikuzan ==

== pakaleva ==</text>
      <sha1>3qwt1y3pve2uxede318lpvsqgai7b66</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tēnn Lâm-iông</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>313</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12589</id>
      <parentid>12585</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-16T11:09:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12589</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3799" sha1="pgnzblrwmyzrzpfxurzk14s37etemyt" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; | Tēnn Lâm-iông 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[File:04.07 「鄭南榕28週年紀念追思會」 (33889642495).jpg|thumb|aicu ti Tēnn Lâm-iông namasengseng itua undu pinaka 臺灣新國家運動 nua aya ka 1988 a caviljan|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |kipusususu tua pinuiqeminaljanan a caucau 
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kangadanan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 鄭南榕/Nylon
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[Taiwan]] 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1947.9.12 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| pinacayan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1989.4.7 (41 a cavilj) 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |zuku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |pairang
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |kai
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |ciniukukan, pinairangan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |kaqinaljan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | taihuku
|}
aicu ti '''Tēnn Lâm-iông''' (ciniukukan: 鄭南榕; inamilikan: Nylon) mavan ljaicu a caucau naseman mareka sengsengan patjara siakai a undu tuazua i [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. avan angata zua san maljavaljavar a saliman itua sikudan a caucau, timadju naseman uta mareka zashi pakatua sidjiyan. sinipuvarung a djemadjas aza manguaqan parutua ljaicu a sikataqaljan makaya kiljavaran pasusu tua nimitja a vinarungan mavan a 言論自由 siayaya, katua saljngas tu 民主化 a nimitja a kunian, saka sinan pazangal aravac a masengseng itua 臺灣獨立 ljaicu a undu. qau aza kama nimadju ti 鄭木森 mavan a se 福州 a caucau namantjez imaza i taiwan ka ripun a djiday tazua. aza cekelj nimadju ti 葉菊蘭 mavan a ngaingai a zuku, na kemaizua tiamadju imaza i taipaq hici, izua a ita a aljak a vavayan niamadju. ka 1981 a caviljan ti Tēnn Lâm-iông namasan tua lemaing ta vinarungan a venecivecik, manu patagilj a kilalaing aza munday itua sidjiyan tazua, avan sika timadju na pusaladj a venecik itua zashi nase 黨外運動雜誌 tjayav.

ka 1984 a caviljan tuazua aicu tja sikai avan zua 動員戡亂時期軍事戒嚴 nua aya itua kuka, ljakua aicu tia Tēnn Lâm-iông katua salasaladj nimadju na seman azua zashi pinaka 自由時代周刊 nua aya, namakeljang aravac tja sikataqaljan. timadju namapupicul aravac a lemindjelj mareka undu pakatua 民主化改革 nua aya, avan sika namasan pazangal a caucau itua siakai a undu. manu ka 1989 a caviljan, masa napinasalivan a huing tjaimadju, ljakua neka nu varung a secevung ta kinsac. avan sika timadju namacidicidilj a padjelu ta gasuling imaza i tua kuba a zashi niamadju, aiyanga kadjamadjaman i mamaw a cavilj sigac katua pitju a qadavan, ka djemaljun imaza i kuba aza kinsac tiamadju, napinu gasuling itua kinacavacavan nimajdu a penuljat, manu seman ta sapuy qau macayanga timadju, amin izua 41 a cavilj.

patje tucu, ljaicu a cinalivatan pajtara pinacayan a ti Tēnn Lâm-iông, sinipapungadan a 言論自由殉道者 katua 臺灣建國烈士, izua anan ljaicu a 臺灣獨立建國之父 siayaya. qau a cekelj nimadju ti 葉菊蘭 katjaivililj namasan tua kamakama i ciautungpu, i kewuyhuy katua penuvuluvulung nua kaizuan na simicengan. ka 2016 a caviljan ziunigac, aza qadav a pinacayan ni Tēnn Lâm-iông namasan ta qadav pinaka 言論自由日 nua aya, pinapukiningan timadju kipaulaula itua aicu sengsengan a lemaing ta vinarungan a kiljavaran, mayanga ulja timitja a sikataqaljan a mapuljat a kemeljang tu aicu a patarevan katua manguaqan pakatua a likisi kasicuayan.

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>pgnzblrwmyzrzpfxurzk14s37etemyt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Uong'e Yatauyungana</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>314</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12380</id>
      <parentid>11117</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-08T06:30:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>ti Uong'e Yatauyungana, 1954</comment>
      <origin>12380</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2251" sha1="75n6y517hj690ophyo233htubirn8eu" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; | Uong'e Yatauyungana
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[sineqetj a vecik:Uyongu Yata'uyungana.jpg|thumb|ti Uong'e Yatauyungana, 1954|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kangadanan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 高一生, 吾雍·雅達烏猶卡那, 矢多一夫 katua 矢多一生
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]] 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1908.07.05
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| pinacayan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1954.04.17 (45 a cavilj) i taihuku sindiam a kinuangan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |cou zuku 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |gakku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |na sihu tainan daigaku (台南師範學校)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |kaqinaljan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | kagi, [[Taiwan]]
|-
|}
'''aicu ti Uong'e Yatauyungana''' (ciniukukan: 吾雍·雅達烏猶卡那 katua 高一生; cou a kai: Uong'e Yatauyungana; rinipunan: 矢多一夫、矢多一生), nalemadaw kemasi imaza i kagi [[Alishan|alisan]] a lalauya a qinaljan, se cou zuku timadju. kasicuayan timadju mavan a kinsac, sinsi, aza caucau nasemansenay katua guciu imaza i 吳鳳 a qinaljan (tucu a alisan a qinaljan), avan sika pungadan aravac timadju namasan ta san palailaingan a sinupuan a caucau nasecou zuku, palailaingan a sidjiyan a caucau, palailaingan a vinarungan, seman ta ung-gaku a caucau, venecivecik. nakisamuljamulja timadju a seman ta undu patjara ljaicu a sengsengan itua kilalaing ta sikuakudan kimadju nasekacalisian tazua, kinemenemen uta aza 原住民自治區 nua aya aicu a vinarungan nimadju. saka kipaula aravac ka 白色恐怖 a djiday. qau tucu izua a madrusa a kisansemenay ti 高慧君 katua 高蕾雅 mavan a vuvu a vavayan nimadju.

== kipalikuzan ==

== sunatj ==

== rivurivuan a 228 ==</text>
      <sha1>75n6y517hj690ophyo233htubirn8eu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>iliyad</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>315</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11658</id>
      <parentid>11654</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-12-29T05:15:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11658</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1387" sha1="n7qac0ocdwk9upsjcq9xs4594h27m06" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Detail. Wooden board inscribed in ink with lines 468-473, Book I of Homer's Iliad. Roman Egypt. On display at the British Museum.jpg|right|250px]]
[[File:Beginning Iliad.svg|right|250px]]
a tja kineljang tua segeris (Greece) a senay a nakemasicuyan mavan aicu a &quot;iliyad (a tja siaya a /ˈɪliəd/;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.dictionary.com/browse/iliad &quot;Iliad&quot;]. [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_House_Webster%27s_Unabridged_Dictionary Random House Webster's Unabridged Dictionary.]&lt;/ref&gt; kinavecikan a kai a segris a nasemicuayan: ''Ἰλιάς''; sivecivecik a ruma ta: ''Iliás'').&quot; pakavecik ti humer (''Homer'') taicu a sinansenayan a pasusangas ta 2700 a cavilj. namasan sangasangasan a vinecikan tua senay nua i [[iyurupu|iyurupu]] (''Europe''). a tja kineljang tu izua &quot;audesi (''Odyssey'')&quot; a masanitalj a nasemicuayan a sinansenay ni humer. patjara aicu a &quot;audesi&quot; a sitjaucikel tua cinalivatan ni audisius (Odysseus) nu pasuvililj tua tjaucikel a &quot;iliyad.&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pierre_Vidal-Naquet Vidal-Naquet, Pierre.] Le monde d'Homère (The World of Homer), Perrin (2000), p. 19&lt;/ref&gt; a itua situcuan a sinansenay a &quot;iliyad&quot; izua 15,693 a takalan a pinakavecik ta matjadrusapuluq sa sepatj a sinansunatj. aza sivecivecik ni humer a kaian a segris, aza tja kineljang taicu a kinakaian a iyunik gerik (''Ionic Greek'') katua zumanga a kinakaian.

==kaizuan==</text>
      <sha1>n7qac0ocdwk9upsjcq9xs4594h27m06</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ljawzung</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>316</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10930</id>
      <parentid>10901</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T13:01:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.230.38|79.163.230.38]]（[[User talk:79.163.230.38|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>7656</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1155" sha1="7d9ag5vw8ixkmf2hbkzbisdc3vzuqxf" xml:space="preserve">masanliawliaw aicu a ljawzung i tjainavalj tua chuku, indisiya, malasiya, liwkiutaw(琉球島) kata i teku a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]].

== sikakudanan ==
masa djaljav a meqaca kata lumeljak a kasiw naicu a ljawzung, sa inika sedjaljep tua masantjumaqan, amin a sedjaljep ta temapaw, tuki masantjaljev kata kucu. 

qadjaw nu 1960 a cavilj, napatagilj a temaletalem tua ngilngil i navalj, naridraridr taza kasiw a cawcau sa benerung itua kasiw, qaw pinizua a ngilngil sa sinanljupetjan naicu a ljawzung a madjulu tua macemu.

maqati a masansiac aza qavu na ljawzung uta, kasicuayan, nu kisudju a mamazangiljan, uri semavac tua aicu a ljawzung a kasiw, masa qacaqaca kata sevesevec aicu a kasiw na ljawzung, saka masanpazangal aravac aicu a kasiw nu cemavilid tjai mamazangiljan.

masa tjengelay a keman ta vucelacelay a qaljic na ljawzung a vavauy, sa uri malap taicu a qaljic itua i asav a pulingaw a sekuljaljau, aza pacugan mavan a vavuy a sipatjavang tua sevalitan. 

== kaizuanan ==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P89-90。</text>
      <sha1>7d9ag5vw8ixkmf2hbkzbisdc3vzuqxf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sangasangasan a natjemaza</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>317</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10757</id>
      <parentid>10649</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T12:44:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.230.38|79.163.230.38]]（[[User talk:79.163.230.38|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Daniuu|Daniuu]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>8004</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3270" sha1="c0qf46kgb8xs9iac5yi90m18gx3oiys" xml:space="preserve">patje 1950 kata 1960 a caviljan,ti Mungo Martin、Bill Reid katua Norval Morrisseau a nakisan papebulay ta paridiu a caucau na kacalisian,patagilj anga pakeljan a pakatua vaquan na kinacalisianan a pinapebulay a paridiu.tucuanga,kananakisan qemati ta sinbung i kanada tjara izua kacalisian a nakisan papebulay ta paridiu a caucau,azua ti Edward Poitras kati Rebecca Belmore a papebulay ta paridiu a caucau na kacalisian,sinan daihiu nua kanada sa kiqepu tana uinise a zematjak sa paljizaw ka i 1995 kata 2005 a caviljan.  

maretimaljimalji a kinateveteveljan a zukuan nua kacalisian i kanada,na marekimadju tua kinacalisianan a unggaku tiamadju.sedjilj a na pasumamamamaw a unggaku,ljakua,nu remaketj izua sipasedjaludjaluan,izua kimadju a unggaku.aicu a pakatua sipasedjaludjalu a unggaku palemek tua nazemiazian a djungdjung.aicu a pakatua kimadju a unggaku katje senayan a padjungdjung,na masan tua pakipaqenetjan tjai Midewiwin kati Sun Dances a namayatucu a kinateveteveljan.  

a tja kineljang aicu a '''sangasangasan a natjemaza''' mavan a sekacalisiyan a sikataqaljan i kanada. izua matjadrusa a zukuan. aza caucau a seinuit (Inuit) katua caucau a semitis (Métis). kasi caviljan a 1970 tu 1980 tazua, pinapukeljang aicu a takalan a sangasangasan a natjemaza ta mapuljat. saka semekez tiamadju a qaqivu taza tjaisangas a siaya “Indian band.” 

==kaian==
[[File:Langs N.Amer.svg|thumb|right|250px|kaizuazuan a sikakaiyan aza maretimalji a kinacalisiyan i pasaviri tua kadjunangan a amilika.]]
kemakaian a kacalisiyan  nua sekanada ta tjaliaw a matjatjelu a puluq  a kaian tucu, maretimalji aza kakaiyan. amin a sikiljavar niamadju avan aicu a tjaljaliaw a kaian i kanada. ljakua mevekelj a caucau a kemacalisiyan imaza i kanada tucu. sikiljavar nua tjaljatjuruvu a cuacua mavan aicu a kai a anisinabe (Anishinaabe) katua kai a kri (Cree), penuljat tua ma 150,000 a caucau a kemakaian. kemaljavar a caucau a sepasakaledep a viri, a senunavut (Nunavut), a senunavik (Nunavik; a pasaviri tua “Québec”), a senunatesiyavut (Nunatsiavut, a pasaviri tua ) tua kai a inuit (Inuit), izua ma 29,000 tiamadju. a i tjinaikacedas ta kanada izua ma 8,500 a caucau a kemakaian ta kai a mikmaq (Mi'kmaq). na qemaljudjanga a kacalisiyan tua kinakaian niamadju. amin a kemacalisiyan a remaljemaljeng niamadju. situcuan a tja mapacunan taicu a kai nua seinglend (English) katua kai nua sevrans (French) a namasan sangasangasan a kaian niamadju (kinakaian niamdju).


(I段) kasicuayanga, katjaisangas izua a tjuruvu a valjaka a semazua i kanada(加拿大)，namacaquanga a malang tua pazaingan(樂器) a kacalisiyan nazua, namalap ta vangalj kata tequng tua masan patjungtjungan(鼓?) tiamadju, qaw uri venecivencik itua patjungtjungan tiamdaju uta, saka bulabulay angata aza vincikan. qaw uri semuqaljic ta kasiw tua masantequng tiamadju i cemecemel, sa venecivencik itua tequng na venan kata kasiw tua masan patjungtjungan a veljatj(棍子?) tiamadju. kasicuayan a pazaingan mata patjungtjungan, mavan a sinan nua kasiw kata quljic na qemuziquzip. qaw aicu a pazaingan mavan a sinisenay sa zemiyamiyan. namasanpazangal taza senay kata ziyan a kacalisiyan kasicuayan. nu semamazanga a valjaka, sa sinukuz niamadju a kacalisiyan tua penalisi.      
[[en:First Nations]]</text>
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  <page>
    <title>louvre a umaq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>318</id>
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      <id>12320</id>
      <parentid>11775</parentid>
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        <username>Emijrp</username>
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      <text bytes="2971" sha1="104ruqqhekqnzd1vg4ux8jatwv5nv6n" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; | louvre a umaq 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[File:Paris - Palais du Louvre - Pavillon de l'Horloge 001.jpg|thumb|aicu a milingan pitua vavaw a djeljep i kaledep ta louvre a umaq（Pavillon de l'Horloge）|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''sinan papaljizavan tua nemangamanga umaq'''
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kadjunangan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[paris|paris hici]] i sangasangsan a cy
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|nemanga
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |izua 615,797 (2019 a cavilkan) (izuanga 35,000 napaljayang)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kunian
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |vurangse
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|lemingdjeljan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1793 a caviljan 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| qaljaqalja
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 2,700,000 a caucau (2020 a caviljan) 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |wanlu 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [https://www.louvre.fr/en www.louvre.fr]
|}

aicu a '''louvre a umaq'''（vurangse a kai：Musée du Louvre, ciniukukan：羅浮宮 katua羅浮博物館）mavan ljaicu a saseqetjan ta paridiu a sicuacuayan a nanemanga umaq i ljaviljaving ta seine a pana(塞納河) imaza i [[paris|paris a hici]] nua vurangse(法蘭西共和國), nalemingdjelj ka 1200 a caviljan tuazua namasan ta kamakama a umaq, ljakua tucu pavalitan tua a saseqetjan ta paridiu a sicuacuayan a nanemanga umaq. tucu mavan auta sipasanmusalj a napaljayang pinapebulay a paridiu a umaq i kacauan, avan zua papukakeljanganan a umaq imaza i vecekadan a [[paris|paris a hici]].

aza umaq nalemingdjelj kemasi 1190 a cavilj, ljemeqaca sa ljemenguanguaq uta. a italadj ta umaq napaljayang patje tucu izua maretimaljimalji a kinasengseng, izua vinecikan, zuga, paridiuridiu a kasiw, sicuacuayan i asia, sicuacuayan i egypt katua sicuacuayan i greek sa roma a nemanga aicu a malje pitju a namakakaizuazua, katua zuma a sicuacuayan a nemanga katjaisangas ta 1860 a cavilj. ka 1793 a caviljan hacigac tapuluq a qadavan patagilj a semuqeljev ta paljing sa djemaulj tua sikataqaljan a semamaza. izua napaselaw tu ita a kudravan lima a kuzulj a caucau nadjemaljun imaza a kivangavang nu ljemita a qadav, qau izua 65% a qaliaqalia kemasi imaza i gaikuku.

== kadjunangan ==

== cinalivatan ==

[[File:Panorama de Paris (Des Tuileries à la Grande Galerie du Louvre), dessin, BnF Destailleur Paris t1, 27 – Gallica 2013 (adjusted).jpg|thumb|right|280px|aza zuga patjara siljizavan imaza i louvre a umaq ka 1828 a caviljan tuazua ]]
[[File:Louvre Courtyard, Looking West.jpg|thumb|right|280px|nu masulesulem a siljizavan i kacasavan a louvre a umaq pinaka Napoleon a kacasavan, izua aicu a tjelu a putuputung a umaq i vecekadan.]]

== zematjak sa paljizaw ==

== kicapiljan ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>vaquan a tjekeza</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>319</id>
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      <id>10992</id>
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      <timestamp>2022-08-19T16:16:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/83.11.200.192|83.11.200.192]]（[[User talk:83.11.200.192|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:1234qwer1234qwer4|1234qwer1234qwer4]]的先前版本</comment>
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|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; | vaquan a tjekeza 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[File:Pont Neuf at Sunset.jpg|thumb|numasulesulem a siljizavan imaza i vaquan a tjekeza i paris a hici|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kadjunangan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | paris hici 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kunian
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |vurangse
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| lemingdjeljan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1607 a caviljan (patagilj a seman tjekuza ka 1578 a cavilj) 
|}


aicu a vaquan a tjekeza (vurangse a kai:Pont Neuf；ciniukukan:新橋）, mavan a sicuacuayan a tjekeza itua seine a pana(塞納河) imaza i paris a hici nua se vurangse. masa izua liawliaw a tjekeza nua seviri a kadjunangan（左岸） katua sekanavalj a kadjunangan（右岸）a sipakazuanan, avan sika namaitucu a ngadan sa sipakeljakeljang tua kinamaretimaljian ljemita ta tjekeza imaza.  

aicu a tjekeza imaza i pasakaledep tua siti (vurangse a kai:Île de la Cité；ciniukukan:西堤島) aza kedri a kadjunganan, pinuvavavan a vecekadan nua i seine a pana, imaza avan uta a vecekadan itua paris a kadjunangan. izua 278 a ladruqan katua 28 a tadjekuacan i penuljat. izua lima a sinandrikidriking a djeljep a tjakudrang pasaviri tua tjekeza patje siti a kadjunangan, izua uta pitju a sinandrikidriking a djeljep a tjakudrang pasakaledep tua tjekeza patje siti a kadjunangan.

== cinalivatan ==

== pinapebulay a paridiu a sensengan ==
izua aicu a madrusa a san papebulayan ta paridiu a caucau ti Christo Claude katua cekelj nimadju ti Jeanne Claude, namasengseng patjara cemavu aicu a tjekeza a penuljat ka 1985 a caviljan tuazua, sa ljemaui aza kamakama ni paris a hici tua aicu a vinarungan. saka patagilj a sengsengan niamadju kemasi 1985 a caviljan hacigac 25 a qadav, ka kugac 22 a qadavan naqemacuvung.</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>piwidji</title>
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      <id>7938</id>
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        <username>Iyumu</username>
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kavecikan nua pinairangan aicu a piwidji ('''Pe̍h-ōe-jī''') mavan a sinivecik nua seruma ('''Latin''') tua siniaya. masanitalj a tja kineljang a kavecikan nua kiukay aya tua nakinacu sa situlu a [[Pairang|sepairang]] nua buksibuksi nua [[iyurupu|seiyurupu]] (Europe) katjaisangasan. ljakua inikamin na sekiukay a sivecivecik a piwidji tua pinairangan tucu, izua uta tjuruvu a kisanvecik venecik taza kavecikan.

==penuljat tua sivecivecik nua piwidji==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
|-
! sinivecikan
| a || b || ch || chh || e || g || h || i || j || k || kh || l || m || n || ng || ⁿ || o || o͘ || p || ph || s || t || th || u
|-
! siniqivuan 1
| a || bi || chi || chhi || e || gi || hi || i || ji || ki || khi || li || mi || ni || ngi || inn || o || o͘  || pi || phi || si || ti || thi || u
|-
! siniqivuan 2
| a || be || che || chhe || e || ge || ha || i || je || ka || kha || el || em || en || nge || enn || [[Tiong iong bú-im|ә]] || [[Poàn khai āu oân-tûn bú-im|ɔ]] || pe || phe || es || te || the || u
|}

==pinakavecikan==
kasangasangasan a sivecivecik nua kiukay aza piwidji tanemanema, mana izua matjaliaw a sinansunatj a venecik ta piwidji tua [[Kai nua Cemas|kai nua cemas]] katua zumanga a milimilingan, a sengesengan nua kiukay.</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>vatjuljayan a papukakeljanganan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>322</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12234</id>
      <parentid>11776</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T14:06:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
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      <text bytes="3110" sha1="dm719hagetqkxzf8o8vdpe0vrkzi9t2" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; | vatjuljayan a papukakeljanganan i pairs 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[File:Tour Eiffel Wikimedia Commons.jpg|thumb|aza siljizavan i vatjuljayan a papukakeljanganan pasasing a pasamaza i kacasavan a 戰神廣場|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''sauzayan i kacauan'''
|-
|tjaljavavavan a umaq 
|kemasi 1889 a caviljan patje 1930 a caviljan 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |kakaizuanan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | i [[paris|paris hici]] i pitju a cy (75007)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |namakakaizuazua
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |remayurangan, husu, kiqilja ta zung
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |kunian
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |vurangse
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |lemingdjeljan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | kemasi 1887 a caviljan  patje 1889 a caviljan sangac 31 a qadavan 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; | kuba
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | se Alexandre Gustave Eiffel 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |wanlu 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [https://www.toureiffel.paris/en toureiffel.paris/en]
|}
aicu a vatjuljayan a papukakeljanganan (vurangse a kai:La Tour Eiffel；ciniukukan:艾菲爾鐵塔 manu 巴黎鐵塔）nalemingdjelj imaza i [[paris|paris a hici]] nua se vurangse(法蘭西共和國). imaza i ljaviljaving ta seine a pana(塞納河) katua izua aza kadjunanfan pinaka 戰神廣場 siayaya. mavan a tjaljapungadan a umaq i kacauan katua sinipukeljang tua kakudakudanan nasevurangse. a tjaljavavavan a umaq imaza i [[paris|paris a hici]] uta. a kakaizuanan avan a &quot;5 Avenue Anatole-France,75007 Paris&quot;.

aicu a effiel a vatjuljayan a papukakeljanganan naqemacuvung ka 1889 a caviljan, katjasangas a ngadan pinaka &quot;tjelu taiday a djekuacan a umaq&quot; (三百米塔 nua aya), qau nakakipaqenetjan tua san umaq a caucau ti Alexandre Gustave Eiffel nua aya. sa izuanga aicu a ngadan patje tucu. aicu a vatjuljayan a papukakeljanganan avan a tjaljananguanguaqan a umaq itua likisi nasegaikuku, avan auta tjatjuruvuan a qaljaqalja a semamaza i kacauan. kasicuayan masa izua aicu a palisian pinaka 世界博覽會 nua aya, manu kipuvarung a paljayang tua maitucu a umaq imaza tuazua. saka patje 2011 a caviljan izuanga 698 a kudravan a caucau na mangtjez imaza a kivangvang. avan nu sikamasanmusalj a bunka a kivangavangan i vurangse. ka 1991 a caviljan aicu a vatjuljayan a papukakeljanganan katua a kadjunangan i ljavaljavaing ta seine a pana namasan tua sauzayan i kacauan. 
[[sineqetj a vecik:Maurice koechlin pylone.jpg|thumb|right|280px|aza zuga patjara vatjuljayan a papukakeljanganan ni Maurice koechlin pylone]]
== cinalivatan ==
[[sineqetj a vecik:エッフェル塔とセーヌ川.jpg|thumb|right|280px|vatjuljayan a papukakeljanganan katua seine a pana i paris a hici ]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:Sous la Tour Eiffel 1.jpg|thumb|right|280px|pasasing i pasateku a vatjuljayan a papukakeljanganan ]]

== remayurangan ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>pulinisiya</title>
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        <username>YiFeiBot</username>
        <id>1118</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: Migrating 1 langlinks, now provided by [[d:|Wikidata]] on [[d:q35942]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="1072" sha1="9l26cbpn9aeo3dhhk5muv5mmxp53gbc" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Map OC-Polynesia.PNG|thumb|right|250px]]

[[File:AhuAkivi.jpg|thumb|right|250px]]

==cinalivatan nua maretimalji a qinaljan==
===samua (Samoa)===
kasicuayan ka i qadjav a caviljan a 800 kata 900, izua pinaljivakan a penulingetj ta matjalialiaw a qiniljan nua i nakitjukadjunangan i tua kaljavekan a pulinisiya ni tui manu'a (Tui Manu'a, nakilailaing a mamazangiljan) tazua.

==kaian==
setevlj aicu a kaian a pulinisiya tua kaian nua ljavek a alume’an (ljavek a pasivik). sa tja kineljang tu namasan draqa/ricing aicu a kaian nua ljavek a alume’an tua kaian nua austrunisiya. kiseljang a pagalju aza mareka kai nua kaian a pulinisiya. mamaw aza sikiljavaravar mavan a tja pacunan a '''''a''''', '''''e''''', '''''i''''', '''''o''''', '''''u''''' tua sikiljavaravar nua kai na itali, a kai na spangiw katua kai nua deci. a tja malangdan izua sikilavaravar a '''''r''''' katua '''''v''''' itua kaian a i tjinaivecekadan katua i tjinaikacedasan. masan italj, izau '''''l''''' katua '''''v''''' a tja malangdan itua kaian nua pulinisiya a tjinaikaledep.

==kaizuan==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>ljavangas</title>
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        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
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      <text bytes="1553" sha1="7eb8og1oapvq3pbbgz1khklquxw46h6" xml:space="preserve">masanliawliaw aicu cemecemel i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], namadjulu a nasedjumak i tjaiteku tua drusa kuzulj kata limaiday a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan nua gadugaduan, cemecemel kata i kadjalanan. aicu a ljavangas, mavan a valjaka a cemel sa madjulu a meliawliaw i kadjunangan. navenuciar tua vucelacelay a vuljangaw aicu a ljavangas nu ljaljeqeljeqel a kaljaljaljeqelan, saka uri sisanpazangal a kakanen nua tjainan.

aza penaywanan a ngadan a pacugan naicu a ljavangas mavananga a “tjakedri a [[vangas]] ”, mamau ta vangas ayain na payuwan.

== sikakudanan ==
uri cempis sa kakanen taza ledjeledje a asav na ljavangas nu inianan a venuciar, qaw maqati a cemiyan tuki sansiav.

sa uri pinizuavan ta pinuljacengan aicu a asav a sepayuwan uta, masa ljaljeqel aza asav na ljavangas, sa amin a keman tu kedri nu kaljazalangezangan.

izua a sipakeljangan tu tjavekelj a cawcau a sikakudanan, mavananga nu kemakan ta ‘inabula matu cacapan a bibi, maqati a cinavu na asav na ljavangas tua ‘inabula a djamay sa keman, tjasanguanguaq!

aicu a ljavangas, avan a pungadan a cemel itua qinaljan na pairang, sa mavan a sanpazangalan a malang ta utjia. sa maqati a sanutjia aicu a asav sa sitekel, kumalji a drinasi tuki inianan a asav, tjara sannguanguaq a tatekalan i kaljazalangezangan.

== kaizuanan ==
1.咸豐草－部落野菜食在健康，網址: &lt;nowiki&gt;http://fresh.ownlines.com/inside.php?oi=40。&lt;/nowiki&gt;

2.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P67。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Mikawci Kung'yu</title>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
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      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="203" sha1="eqgnhrj3bu4fo80bm0roguqqrcqr808" xml:space="preserve">'''Mikawci Kung'yu'''(米高級公寓) avan [[tiribi dorama]] i [[taiwan]]. inalang tua [[tiribi na kacalisian]].

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[pinapapilipiliqan:tiribi]] 
[[pinapapilipiliqan:taiwan]]</text>
      <sha1>eqgnhrj3bu4fo80bm0roguqqrcqr808</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pinapapilipiliqan:taiwan</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>413</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7795</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T09:24:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「[[pinapapilipiliqan:Asia]]」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7795</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="26" sha1="sj4b1j8p0vdxj5gsivgxqqdb3r9570y" xml:space="preserve">[[pinapapilipiliqan:Asia]]</text>
      <sha1>sj4b1j8p0vdxj5gsivgxqqdb3r9570y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:Editintro</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>416</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7802</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T14:24:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「&lt;{{{2|div}}} class=&quot;useeditintro&quot; title=&quot;{{{1|}}}&quot;&gt;{{{3|}}}&lt;/{{{2|div}}}&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{doc}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7802</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="103" sha1="lfslg3arolpdtrk439cf0mc0nsfm12v" xml:space="preserve">&lt;{{{2|div}}} class=&quot;useeditintro&quot; title=&quot;{{{1|}}}&quot;&gt;{{{3|}}}&lt;/{{{2|div}}}&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{doc}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>lfslg3arolpdtrk439cf0mc0nsfm12v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:Documentation</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>417</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7803</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T14:26:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「{{#invoke:Documentation|main|_content={{ {{#invoke:Documentation|contentTitle}}}}}}&lt;noinclude&gt; &lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7803</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="182" sha1="2xhh66tsv150gi3f97xaydn2109p9s5" xml:space="preserve">{{#invoke:Documentation|main|_content={{ {{#invoke:Documentation|contentTitle}}}}}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
&lt;!-- Categories go on the /doc subpage, and interwikis go on Wikidata. --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>2xhh66tsv150gi3f97xaydn2109p9s5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:namespace</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>418</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7804</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T14:34:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{ns:{{{namespace|{{{1|}}}}}}}}|{{{then|{{{2|}}}}}}|{{{else|{{{3|}}}}}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7804</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="162" sha1="8muabifqdaub8gwgc4881vzf3ri9fh6" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{ns:{{{namespace|{{{1|}}}}}}}}|{{{then|{{{2|}}}}}}|{{{else|{{{3|}}}}}}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;{{Documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>8muabifqdaub8gwgc4881vzf3ri9fh6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:editintro</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>419</id>
    <redirect title="kakivauvaljan:Editintro" />
    <revision>
      <id>7805</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T14:36:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>頁面已重新導向至[[kakivauvaljan:Editintro]]</comment>
      <origin>7805</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="36" sha1="6kj54nqdor4yrq7k48e7117751w1rdz" xml:space="preserve">#REDIRECT[[kakivauvaljan:Editintro]]</text>
      <sha1>6kj54nqdor4yrq7k48e7117751w1rdz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>模組:Documentation</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>420</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7806</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T14:38:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「-- This module implements {{documentation}}.  -- Get required modules. local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs  -- Get the config table. local cfg = mw.loadData('Module:Documentation/config')  local p = {}  -- Often-used functions. local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub  ---------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- Helper functions -- -- These are defined as local functions, but are made available in the p -- table for t…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7806</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="34947" sha1="bgl0brldq3kpjnssqx9y5v6d0gvb53i" xml:space="preserve">-- This module implements {{documentation}}.

-- Get required modules.
local getArgs = require('Module:Arguments').getArgs

-- Get the config table.
local cfg = mw.loadData('Module:Documentation/config')

local p = {}

-- Often-used functions.
local ugsub = mw.ustring.gsub

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Helper functions
--
-- These are defined as local functions, but are made available in the p
-- table for testing purposes.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

local function message(cfgKey, valArray, expectType)
	--[[
	-- Gets a message from the cfg table and formats it if appropriate.
	-- The function raises an error if the value from the cfg table is not
	-- of the type expectType. The default type for expectType is 'string'.
	-- If the table valArray is present, strings such as $1, $2 etc. in the
	-- message are substituted with values from the table keys [1], [2] etc.
	-- For example, if the message &quot;foo-message&quot; had the value 'Foo $2 bar $1.',
	-- message('foo-message', {'baz', 'qux'}) would return &quot;Foo qux bar baz.&quot;
	--]]
	local msg = cfg[cfgKey]
	expectType = expectType or 'string'
	if type(msg) ~= expectType then
		error('message: type error in message cfg.' .. cfgKey .. ' (' .. expectType .. ' expected, got ' .. type(msg) .. ')', 2)
	end
	if not valArray then
		return msg
	end

	local function getMessageVal(match)
		match = tonumber(match)
		return valArray[match] or error('message: no value found for key $' .. match .. ' in message cfg.' .. cfgKey, 4)
	end

	return ugsub(msg, '$([1-9][0-9]*)', getMessageVal)
end

p.message = message

local function makeWikilink(page, display)
	if display then
		return mw.ustring.format('[[%s|%s]]', page, display)
	else
		return mw.ustring.format('[[%s]]', page)
	end
end

p.makeWikilink = makeWikilink

local function makeCategoryLink(cat, sort)
	local catns = mw.site.namespaces[14].name
	return makeWikilink(catns .. ':' .. cat, sort)
end

p.makeCategoryLink = makeCategoryLink

local function makeUrlLink(url, display)
	return mw.ustring.format('[%s %s]', url, display)
end

p.makeUrlLink = makeUrlLink

local function makeToolbar(...)
	local ret = {}
	local lim = select('#', ...)
	if lim &lt; 1 then
		return nil
	end
	for i = 1, lim do
		ret[#ret + 1] = select(i, ...)
	end
	-- 'documentation-toolbar'
	return '&lt;span class=&quot;' .. message('toolbar-class') .. '&quot;&gt;('
		.. table.concat(ret, ' &amp;#124; ') .. ')&lt;/span&gt;'
end	

p.makeToolbar = makeToolbar

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Argument processing
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

local function makeInvokeFunc(funcName)
	return function (frame)
		local args = getArgs(frame, {
			valueFunc = function (key, value)
				if type(value) == 'string' then
					value = value:match('^%s*(.-)%s*$') -- Remove whitespace.
					if key == 'heading' or value ~= '' then
						return value
					else
						return nil
					end
				else
					return value
				end
			end
		})
		return p[funcName](args)
	end
end

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Entry points
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

function p.nonexistent(frame)
	if mw.title.getCurrentTitle().subpageText == 'testcases' then
		return frame:expandTemplate{title = 'module test cases notice'}
	else
		return p.main(frame)
	end
end

p.main = makeInvokeFunc('_main')

function p._main(args)
	--[[
	-- This function defines logic flow for the module.
	-- @args - table of arguments passed by the user
	--]]
	local env = p.getEnvironment(args)
	local root = mw.html.create()
	root
		:wikitext(p._getModuleWikitext(args, env))
		:wikitext(p.protectionTemplate(env))
		:wikitext(p.sandboxNotice(args, env))
		:tag('div')
			-- 'documentation-container'
			:addClass(message('container'))
			:newline()
			:tag('div')
				-- 'documentation'
				:addClass(message('main-div-classes'))
				:newline()
				:wikitext(p._startBox(args, env))
				:wikitext(p._content(args, env))
				:tag('div')
					-- 'documentation-clear'
					:addClass(message('clear'))
					:done()
				:newline()
				:done()
			:wikitext(p._endBox(args, env))
			:done()
		:wikitext(p.addTrackingCategories(env))
	-- 'Module:Documentation/styles.css'
	return mw.getCurrentFrame():extensionTag (
		'templatestyles', '', {src=cfg['templatestyles']
	}) .. tostring(root)
end

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Environment settings
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

function p.getEnvironment(args)
	--[[
	-- Returns a table with information about the environment, including title
	-- objects and other namespace- or path-related data.
	-- @args - table of arguments passed by the user
	--
	-- Title objects include:
	-- env.title - the page we are making documentation for (usually the current title)
	-- env.templateTitle - the template (or module, file, etc.)
	-- env.docTitle - the /doc subpage.
	-- env.sandboxTitle - the /sandbox subpage.
	-- env.testcasesTitle - the /testcases subpage.
	--
	-- Data includes:
	-- env.protectionLevels - the protection levels table of the title object.
	-- env.subjectSpace - the number of the title's subject namespace.
	-- env.docSpace - the number of the namespace the title puts its documentation in.
	-- env.docpageBase - the text of the base page of the /doc, /sandbox and /testcases pages, with namespace.
	-- env.compareUrl - URL of the Special:ComparePages page comparing the sandbox with the template.
	-- 
	-- All table lookups are passed through pcall so that errors are caught. If an error occurs, the value
	-- returned will be nil.
	--]]
	
	local env, envFuncs = {}, {}

	-- Set up the metatable. If triggered we call the corresponding function in the envFuncs table. The value
	-- returned by that function is memoized in the env table so that we don't call any of the functions
	-- more than once. (Nils won't be memoized.)
	setmetatable(env, {
		__index = function (t, key)
			local envFunc = envFuncs[key]
			if envFunc then
				local success, val = pcall(envFunc)
				if success then
					env[key] = val -- Memoise the value.
					return val
				end
			end
			return nil
		end
	})	

	function envFuncs.title()
		-- The title object for the current page, or a test page passed with args.page.
		local title
		local titleArg = args.page
		if titleArg then
			title = mw.title.new(titleArg)
		else
			title = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
		end
		return title
	end

	function envFuncs.templateTitle()
		--[[
		-- The template (or module, etc.) title object.
		-- Messages:
		-- 'sandbox-subpage' --&gt; 'sandbox'
		-- 'testcases-subpage' --&gt; 'testcases'
		--]]
		local subjectSpace = env.subjectSpace
		local title = env.title
		local subpage = title.subpageText
		if subpage == message('sandbox-subpage') or subpage == message('testcases-subpage') then
			return mw.title.makeTitle(subjectSpace, title.baseText)
		else
			return mw.title.makeTitle(subjectSpace, title.text)
		end
	end

	function envFuncs.docTitle()
		--[[
		-- Title object of the /doc subpage.
		-- Messages:
		-- 'doc-subpage' --&gt; 'doc'
		--]]
		local title = env.title
		local docname = args[1] -- User-specified doc page.
		local docpage
		if docname then
			docpage = docname
		else
			docpage = env.docpageBase .. '/' .. message('doc-subpage')
		end
		return mw.title.new(docpage)
	end
	
	function envFuncs.sandboxTitle()
		--[[
		-- Title object for the /sandbox subpage.
		-- Messages:
		-- 'sandbox-subpage' --&gt; 'sandbox'
		--]]
		return mw.title.new(env.docpageBase .. '/' .. message('sandbox-subpage'))
	end
	
	function envFuncs.testcasesTitle()
		--[[
		-- Title object for the /testcases subpage.
		-- Messages:
		-- 'testcases-subpage' --&gt; 'testcases'
		--]]
		return mw.title.new(env.docpageBase .. '/' .. message('testcases-subpage'))
	end

	function envFuncs.protectionLevels()
		-- The protection levels table of the title object.
		return env.title.protectionLevels
	end

	function envFuncs.subjectSpace()
		-- The subject namespace number.
		return mw.site.namespaces[env.title.namespace].subject.id
	end

	function envFuncs.docSpace()
		-- The documentation namespace number. For most namespaces this is the
		-- same as the subject namespace. However, pages in the Article, File,
		-- MediaWiki or Category namespaces must have their /doc, /sandbox and
		-- /testcases pages in talk space.
		local subjectSpace = env.subjectSpace
		if subjectSpace == 0 or subjectSpace == 6 or subjectSpace == 8 or subjectSpace == 14 then
			return subjectSpace + 1
		else
			return subjectSpace
		end
	end

	function envFuncs.docpageBase()
		-- The base page of the /doc, /sandbox, and /testcases subpages.
		-- For some namespaces this is the talk page, rather than the template page.
		local templateTitle = env.templateTitle
		local docSpace = env.docSpace
		local docSpaceText = mw.site.namespaces[docSpace].name
		-- Assemble the link. docSpace is never the main namespace, so we can hardcode the colon.
		return docSpaceText .. ':' .. templateTitle.text
	end
	
	function envFuncs.compareUrl()
		-- Diff link between the sandbox and the main template using [[Special:ComparePages]].
		local templateTitle = env.templateTitle
		local sandboxTitle = env.sandboxTitle
		if templateTitle.exists and sandboxTitle.exists then
			local compareUrl = mw.uri.fullUrl(
				'Special:ComparePages',
				{ page1 = templateTitle.prefixedText, page2 = sandboxTitle.prefixedText}
			)
			return tostring(compareUrl)
		else
			return nil
		end
	end		

	return env
end	

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Auxiliary templates
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

p.getModuleWikitext = makeInvokeFunc('_getModuleWikitext')

function p._getModuleWikitext(args, env)
	local currentTitle = mw.title.getCurrentTitle()
	if currentTitle.contentModel ~= 'Scribunto' then return end
	pcall(require, currentTitle.prefixedText) -- if it fails, we don't care
	local moduleWikitext =  package.loaded[&quot;Module:Module wikitext&quot;]
	if moduleWikitext then
		return moduleWikitext.main()
	end
end

function p.sandboxNotice(args, env)
	--[=[
	-- Generates a sandbox notice for display above sandbox pages.
	-- @args - a table of arguments passed by the user
	-- @env - environment table containing title objects, etc., generated with p.getEnvironment
	-- 
	-- Messages:
	-- 'sandbox-notice-image' --&gt; '[[Image:Sandbox.svg|50px|alt=|link=]]'
	-- 'sandbox-notice-blurb' --&gt; 'This is the $1 for $2.'
	-- 'sandbox-notice-diff-blurb' --&gt; 'This is the $1 for $2 ($3).'
	-- 'sandbox-notice-pagetype-template' --&gt; '[[Wikipedia:Template test cases|template sandbox]] page'
	-- 'sandbox-notice-pagetype-module' --&gt; '[[Wikipedia:Template test cases|module sandbox]] page'
	-- 'sandbox-notice-pagetype-other' --&gt; 'sandbox page'
	-- 'sandbox-notice-compare-link-display' --&gt; 'diff'
	-- 'sandbox-notice-testcases-blurb' --&gt; 'See also the companion subpage for $1.'
	-- 'sandbox-notice-testcases-link-display' --&gt; 'test cases'
	-- 'sandbox-category' --&gt; 'Template sandboxes'
	--]=]
	local title = env.title
	local sandboxTitle = env.sandboxTitle
	local templateTitle = env.templateTitle
	local subjectSpace = env.subjectSpace
	if not (subjectSpace and title and sandboxTitle and templateTitle
		and mw.title.equals(title, sandboxTitle)) then
		return nil
	end
	-- Build the table of arguments to pass to {{ombox}}. We need just two fields, &quot;image&quot; and &quot;text&quot;.
	local omargs = {}
	omargs.image = message('sandbox-notice-image')
	-- Get the text. We start with the opening blurb, which is something like
	-- &quot;This is the template sandbox for [[Template:Foo]] (diff).&quot;
	local text = ''
	local pagetype
	if subjectSpace == 10 then
		pagetype = message('sandbox-notice-pagetype-template')
	elseif subjectSpace == 828 then
		pagetype = message('sandbox-notice-pagetype-module')
	else
		pagetype = message('sandbox-notice-pagetype-other')
	end
	local templateLink = makeWikilink(templateTitle.prefixedText)
	local compareUrl = env.compareUrl
	if compareUrl then
		local compareDisplay = message('sandbox-notice-compare-link-display')
		local compareLink = makeUrlLink(compareUrl, compareDisplay)
		text = text .. message('sandbox-notice-diff-blurb', {pagetype, templateLink, compareLink})
	else
		text = text .. message('sandbox-notice-blurb', {pagetype, templateLink})
	end
	-- Get the test cases page blurb if the page exists. This is something like
	-- &quot;See also the companion subpage for [[Template:Foo/testcases|test cases]].&quot;
	local testcasesTitle = env.testcasesTitle
	if testcasesTitle and testcasesTitle.exists then
		if testcasesTitle.contentModel == &quot;Scribunto&quot; then
			local testcasesLinkDisplay = message('sandbox-notice-testcases-link-display')
			local testcasesRunLinkDisplay = message('sandbox-notice-testcases-run-link-display')
			local testcasesLink = makeWikilink(testcasesTitle.prefixedText, testcasesLinkDisplay)
			local testcasesRunLink = makeWikilink(testcasesTitle.talkPageTitle.prefixedText, testcasesRunLinkDisplay)
			text = text .. '&lt;br /&gt;' .. message('sandbox-notice-testcases-run-blurb', {testcasesLink, testcasesRunLink})
		else
			local testcasesLinkDisplay = message('sandbox-notice-testcases-link-display')
			local testcasesLink = makeWikilink(testcasesTitle.prefixedText, testcasesLinkDisplay)
			text = text .. '&lt;br /&gt;' .. message('sandbox-notice-testcases-blurb', {testcasesLink})
		end
	end
	-- Add the sandbox to the sandbox category.
	omargs.text = text .. makeCategoryLink(message('sandbox-category'))

	-- 'documentation-clear'
	return '&lt;div class=&quot;' .. message('clear') .. '&quot;&gt;&lt;/div&gt;'
		.. require('Module:Message box').main('ombox', omargs)
end

function p.protectionTemplate(env)
	-- Generates the padlock icon in the top right.
	-- @env - environment table containing title objects, etc., generated with p.getEnvironment
	-- Messages:
	-- 'protection-template' --&gt; 'pp-template'
	-- 'protection-template-args' --&gt; {docusage = 'yes'}
	local protectionLevels = env.protectionLevels
	if not protectionLevels then
		return nil
	end
	local editProt = protectionLevels.edit and protectionLevels.edit[1]
	local moveProt = protectionLevels.move and protectionLevels.move[1]
	if editProt then
		-- The page is edit-protected.
		return require('Module:Protection banner')._main{
			message('protection-reason-edit'), small = true
		}
	elseif moveProt and moveProt ~= 'autoconfirmed' then
		-- The page is move-protected but not edit-protected. Exclude move
		-- protection with the level &quot;autoconfirmed&quot;, as this is equivalent to
		-- no move protection at all.
		return require('Module:Protection banner')._main{
			action = 'move', small = true
		}
	else
		return nil
	end
end

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Start box
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

p.startBox = makeInvokeFunc('_startBox')

function p._startBox(args, env)
	--[[
	-- This function generates the start box.
	-- @args - a table of arguments passed by the user
	-- @env - environment table containing title objects, etc., generated with p.getEnvironment
	-- 
	-- The actual work is done by p.makeStartBoxLinksData and p.renderStartBoxLinks which make
	-- the [view] [edit] [history] [purge] links, and by p.makeStartBoxData and p.renderStartBox
	-- which generate the box HTML.
	--]]
	env = env or p.getEnvironment(args)
	local links
	local content = args.content
	if not content or args[1] then
		-- No need to include the links if the documentation is on the template page itself.
		local linksData = p.makeStartBoxLinksData(args, env)
		if linksData then
			links = p.renderStartBoxLinks(linksData)
		end
	end
	-- Generate the start box html.
	local data = p.makeStartBoxData(args, env, links)
	if data then
		return p.renderStartBox(data)
	else
		-- User specified no heading.
		return nil
	end
end

function p.makeStartBoxLinksData(args, env)
	--[[
	-- Does initial processing of data to make the [view] [edit] [history] [purge] links.
	-- @args - a table of arguments passed by the user
	-- @env - environment table containing title objects, etc., generated with p.getEnvironment
	-- 
	-- Messages:
	-- 'view-link-display' --&gt; 'view'
	-- 'edit-link-display' --&gt; 'edit'
	-- 'history-link-display' --&gt; 'history'
	-- 'purge-link-display' --&gt; 'purge'
	-- 'file-docpage-preload' --&gt; 'Template:Documentation/preload-filespace'
	-- 'module-preload' --&gt; 'Template:Documentation/preload-module-doc'
	-- 'docpage-preload' --&gt; 'Template:Documentation/preload'
	-- 'create-link-display' --&gt; 'create'
	--]]
	local subjectSpace = env.subjectSpace
	local title = env.title
	local docTitle = env.docTitle
	if not title or not docTitle then
		return nil
	end
	if docTitle.isRedirect then 
		docTitle = docTitle.redirectTarget
	end

	local data = {}
	data.title = title
	data.docTitle = docTitle
	-- View, display, edit, and purge links if /doc exists.
	data.viewLinkDisplay = message('view-link-display')
	data.editLinkDisplay = message('edit-link-display')
	data.historyLinkDisplay = message('history-link-display')
	data.purgeLinkDisplay = message('purge-link-display')
	-- Create link if /doc doesn't exist.
	local preload = args.preload
	if not preload then
		if subjectSpace == 6 then -- File namespace
			preload = message('file-docpage-preload')
		elseif subjectSpace == 828 then -- Module namespace
			preload = message('module-preload')
		else
			preload = message('docpage-preload')
		end
	end
	data.preload = preload
	data.createLinkDisplay = message('create-link-display')
	return data
end

function p.renderStartBoxLinks(data)
	--[[
	-- Generates the [view][edit][history][purge] or [create] links from the data table.
	-- @data - a table of data generated by p.makeStartBoxLinksData
	--]]
	
	local function escapeBrackets(s)
		-- Escapes square brackets with HTML entities.
		s = s:gsub('%[', '&amp;#91;') -- Replace square brackets with HTML entities.
		s = s:gsub('%]', '&amp;#93;')
		return s
	end

	local ret
	local docTitle = data.docTitle
	local title = data.title
	if docTitle.exists then
		local viewLink = makeWikilink(docTitle.prefixedText, data.viewLinkDisplay)
		local editLink = makeUrlLink(docTitle:fullUrl{action = 'edit'}, data.editLinkDisplay)
		local historyLink = makeUrlLink(docTitle:fullUrl{action = 'history'}, data.historyLinkDisplay)
		local purgeLink = makeUrlLink(title:fullUrl{action = 'purge'}, data.purgeLinkDisplay)
		ret = '[%s] [%s] [%s] [%s]'
		ret = escapeBrackets(ret)
		ret = mw.ustring.format(ret, viewLink, editLink, historyLink, purgeLink)
	else
		local createLink = makeUrlLink(docTitle:fullUrl{action = 'edit', preload = data.preload}, data.createLinkDisplay)
		ret = '[%s]'
		ret = escapeBrackets(ret)
		ret = mw.ustring.format(ret, createLink)
	end
	return ret
end

function p.makeStartBoxData(args, env, links)
	--[=[
	-- Does initial processing of data to pass to the start-box render function, p.renderStartBox.
	-- @args - a table of arguments passed by the user
	-- @env - environment table containing title objects, etc., generated with p.getEnvironment
	-- @links - a string containing the [view][edit][history][purge] links - could be nil if there's an error.
	--
	-- Messages:
	-- 'documentation-icon-wikitext' --&gt; '[[File:Test Template Info-Icon - Version (2).svg|50px|link=|alt=]]'
	-- 'template-namespace-heading' --&gt; 'Template documentation'
	-- 'module-namespace-heading' --&gt; 'Module documentation'
	-- 'file-namespace-heading' --&gt; 'Summary'
	-- 'other-namespaces-heading' --&gt; 'Documentation'
	-- 'testcases-create-link-display' --&gt; 'create'
	--]=]
	local subjectSpace = env.subjectSpace
	if not subjectSpace then
		-- Default to an &quot;other namespaces&quot; namespace, so that we get at least some output
		-- if an error occurs.
		subjectSpace = 2
	end
	local data = {}
	
	-- Heading
	local heading = args.heading -- Blank values are not removed.
	if heading == '' then
		-- Don't display the start box if the heading arg is defined but blank.
		return nil
	end
	if heading then
		data.heading = heading
	elseif subjectSpace == 10 then -- Template namespace
		data.heading = message('documentation-icon-wikitext') .. ' ' .. message('template-namespace-heading')
	elseif subjectSpace == 828 then -- Module namespace
		data.heading = message('documentation-icon-wikitext') .. ' ' .. message('module-namespace-heading')
	elseif subjectSpace == 6 then -- File namespace
		data.heading = message('file-namespace-heading')
	else
		data.heading = message('other-namespaces-heading')
	end
	
	-- Heading CSS
	local headingStyle = args['heading-style']
	if headingStyle then
		data.headingStyleText = headingStyle
	else
		-- 'documentation-heading'
		data.headingClass = message('main-div-heading-class')
	end
	
	-- Data for the [view][edit][history][purge] or [create] links.
	if links then
		-- 'mw-editsection-like plainlinks'
		data.linksClass = message('start-box-link-classes')
		data.links = links
	end
	
	return data
end

function p.renderStartBox(data)
	-- Renders the start box html.
	-- @data - a table of data generated by p.makeStartBoxData.
	local sbox = mw.html.create('div')
	sbox
		-- 'documentation-startbox'
		:addClass(message('start-box-class'))
		:newline()
		:tag('span')
			:addClass(data.headingClass)
			:cssText(data.headingStyleText)
			:wikitext(data.heading)
	local links = data.links
	if links then
		sbox:tag('span')
			:addClass(data.linksClass)
			:attr('id', data.linksId)
			:wikitext(links)
	end
	return tostring(sbox)
end

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Documentation content
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

p.content = makeInvokeFunc('_content')

function p._content(args, env)
	-- Displays the documentation contents
	-- @args - a table of arguments passed by the user
	-- @env - environment table containing title objects, etc., generated with p.getEnvironment
	env = env or p.getEnvironment(args)
	local docTitle = env.docTitle
	local content = args.content
	if not content and docTitle and docTitle.exists then
		content = args._content or mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate{title = docTitle.prefixedText}
	end
	-- The line breaks below are necessary so that &quot;=== Headings ===&quot; at the start and end
	-- of docs are interpreted correctly.
	return '\n' .. (content or '') .. '\n' 
end

p.contentTitle = makeInvokeFunc('_contentTitle')

function p._contentTitle(args, env)
	env = env or p.getEnvironment(args)
	local docTitle = env.docTitle
	if not args.content and docTitle and docTitle.exists then
		return docTitle.prefixedText
	else
		return ''
	end
end

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- End box
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

p.endBox = makeInvokeFunc('_endBox')

function p._endBox(args, env)
	--[=[
	-- This function generates the end box (also known as the link box).
	-- @args - a table of arguments passed by the user
	-- @env - environment table containing title objects, etc., generated with p.getEnvironment
	-- 
	--]=]
	
	-- Get environment data.
	env = env or p.getEnvironment(args)
	local subjectSpace = env.subjectSpace
	local docTitle = env.docTitle
	if not subjectSpace or not docTitle then
		return nil
	end
		
	-- Check whether we should output the end box at all. Add the end
	-- box by default if the documentation exists or if we are in the
	-- user, module or template namespaces.
	local linkBox = args['link box']
	if linkBox == 'off'
		or not (
			docTitle.exists
			or subjectSpace == 2
			or subjectSpace == 828
			or subjectSpace == 10
		)
	then
		return nil
	end

	-- Assemble the link box.
	local text = ''
	if linkBox then
		text = text .. linkBox
	else
		text = text .. (p.makeDocPageBlurb(args, env) or '') -- &quot;This documentation is transcluded from [[Foo]].&quot; 
		if subjectSpace == 2 or subjectSpace == 10 or subjectSpace == 828 then
			-- We are in the user, template or module namespaces.
			-- Add sandbox and testcases links.
			-- &quot;Editors can experiment in this template's sandbox and testcases pages.&quot;
			text = text .. (p.makeExperimentBlurb(args, env) or '') .. '&lt;br /&gt;'
			if not args.content and not args[1] then
				-- &quot;Please add categories to the /doc subpage.&quot;
				-- Don't show this message with inline docs or with an explicitly specified doc page,
				-- as then it is unclear where to add the categories.
				text = text .. (p.makeCategoriesBlurb(args, env) or '')
			end
			text = text .. ' ' .. (p.makeSubpagesBlurb(args, env) or '') --&quot;Subpages of this template&quot;
		end
	end
	
	local box = mw.html.create('div')
	-- 'documentation-metadata'
	box:attr('role', 'note')
		:addClass(message('end-box-class'))
		-- 'plainlinks'
		:addClass(message('end-box-plainlinks'))
		:wikitext(text)
		:done()

	return '\n' .. tostring(box)
end

function p.makeDocPageBlurb(args, env)
	--[=[
	-- Makes the blurb &quot;This documentation is transcluded from [[Template:Foo]] (edit, history)&quot;.
	-- @args - a table of arguments passed by the user
	-- @env - environment table containing title objects, etc., generated with p.getEnvironment
	-- 
	-- Messages:
	-- 'edit-link-display' --&gt; 'edit'
	-- 'history-link-display' --&gt; 'history'
	-- 'transcluded-from-blurb' --&gt; 
	-- 'The above [[Wikipedia:Template documentation|documentation]] 
	-- is [[Help:Transclusion|transcluded]] from $1.'
	-- 'module-preload' --&gt; 'Template:Documentation/preload-module-doc'
	-- 'create-link-display' --&gt; 'create'
	-- 'create-module-doc-blurb' --&gt;
	-- 'You might want to $1 a documentation page for this [[Wikipedia:Lua|Scribunto module]].'
	--]=]
	local docTitle = env.docTitle
	if not docTitle then
		return nil
	end
	local ret
	if docTitle.exists then
		-- /doc exists; link to it.
		local docLink = makeWikilink(docTitle.prefixedText)
		local editUrl = docTitle:fullUrl{action = 'edit'}
		local editDisplay = message('edit-link-display')
		local editLink = makeUrlLink(editUrl, editDisplay)
		local historyUrl = docTitle:fullUrl{action = 'history'}
		local historyDisplay = message('history-link-display')
		local historyLink = makeUrlLink(historyUrl, historyDisplay)
		ret = message('transcluded-from-blurb', {docLink})
			.. ' '
			.. makeToolbar(editLink, historyLink)
			.. '&lt;br /&gt;'
	elseif env.subjectSpace == 828 then
		-- /doc does not exist; ask to create it.
		local createUrl = docTitle:fullUrl{action = 'edit', preload = message('module-preload')}
		local createDisplay = message('create-link-display')
		local createLink = makeUrlLink(createUrl, createDisplay)
		ret = message('create-module-doc-blurb', {createLink})
			.. '&lt;br /&gt;'
	end
	return ret
end

function p.makeExperimentBlurb(args, env)
	--[[
	-- Renders the text &quot;Editors can experiment in this template's sandbox (edit | diff) and testcases (edit) pages.&quot;
	-- @args - a table of arguments passed by the user
	-- @env - environment table containing title objects, etc., generated with p.getEnvironment
	-- 
	-- Messages:
	-- 'sandbox-link-display' --&gt; 'sandbox'
	-- 'sandbox-edit-link-display' --&gt; 'edit'
	-- 'compare-link-display' --&gt; 'diff'
	-- 'module-sandbox-preload' --&gt; 'Template:Documentation/preload-module-sandbox'
	-- 'template-sandbox-preload' --&gt; 'Template:Documentation/preload-sandbox'
	-- 'sandbox-create-link-display' --&gt; 'create'
	-- 'mirror-edit-summary' --&gt; 'Create sandbox version of $1'
	-- 'mirror-link-display' --&gt; 'mirror'
	-- 'mirror-link-preload' --&gt; 'Template:Documentation/mirror'
	-- 'sandbox-link-display' --&gt; 'sandbox'
	-- 'testcases-link-display' --&gt; 'testcases'
	-- 'testcases-edit-link-display'--&gt; 'edit'
	-- 'template-sandbox-preload' --&gt; 'Template:Documentation/preload-sandbox'
	-- 'testcases-create-link-display' --&gt; 'create'
	-- 'testcases-link-display' --&gt; 'testcases'
	-- 'testcases-edit-link-display' --&gt; 'edit'
	-- 'module-testcases-preload' --&gt; 'Template:Documentation/preload-module-testcases'
	-- 'template-testcases-preload' --&gt; 'Template:Documentation/preload-testcases'
	-- 'experiment-blurb-module' --&gt; 'Editors can experiment in this module's $1 and $2 pages.'
	-- 'experiment-blurb-template' --&gt; 'Editors can experiment in this template's $1 and $2 pages.'
	--]]
	local subjectSpace = env.subjectSpace
	local templateTitle = env.templateTitle
	local sandboxTitle = env.sandboxTitle
	local testcasesTitle = env.testcasesTitle
	local templatePage = templateTitle.prefixedText
	if not subjectSpace or not templateTitle or not sandboxTitle or not testcasesTitle then
		return nil
	end
	-- Make links.
	local sandboxLinks, testcasesLinks
	if sandboxTitle.exists then
		local sandboxPage = sandboxTitle.prefixedText
		local sandboxDisplay = message('sandbox-link-display')
		local sandboxLink = makeWikilink(sandboxPage, sandboxDisplay)
		local sandboxEditUrl = sandboxTitle:fullUrl{action = 'edit'}
		local sandboxEditDisplay = message('sandbox-edit-link-display')
		local sandboxEditLink = makeUrlLink(sandboxEditUrl, sandboxEditDisplay)
		local compareUrl = env.compareUrl
		local compareLink
		if compareUrl then
			local compareDisplay = message('compare-link-display')
			compareLink = makeUrlLink(compareUrl, compareDisplay)
		end
		sandboxLinks = sandboxLink .. ' ' .. makeToolbar(sandboxEditLink, compareLink)
	else
		local sandboxPreload
		if subjectSpace == 828 then
			sandboxPreload = message('module-sandbox-preload')
		else
			sandboxPreload = message('template-sandbox-preload')
		end
		local sandboxCreateUrl = sandboxTitle:fullUrl{action = 'edit', preload = sandboxPreload}
		local sandboxCreateDisplay = message('sandbox-create-link-display')
		local sandboxCreateLink = makeUrlLink(sandboxCreateUrl, sandboxCreateDisplay)
		local mirrorSummary = message('mirror-edit-summary', {makeWikilink(templatePage)})
		local mirrorPreload = message('mirror-link-preload')
		local mirrorUrl = sandboxTitle:fullUrl{action = 'edit', preload = mirrorPreload, summary = mirrorSummary}
		if subjectSpace == 828 then
			mirrorUrl = sandboxTitle:fullUrl{action = 'edit', preload = templateTitle.prefixedText, summary = mirrorSummary}
		end
		local mirrorDisplay = message('mirror-link-display')
		local mirrorLink = makeUrlLink(mirrorUrl, mirrorDisplay)
		sandboxLinks = message('sandbox-link-display') .. ' ' .. makeToolbar(sandboxCreateLink, mirrorLink)
	end
	if testcasesTitle.exists then
		local testcasesPage = testcasesTitle.prefixedText
		local testcasesDisplay = message('testcases-link-display')
		local testcasesLink = makeWikilink(testcasesPage, testcasesDisplay)
		local testcasesEditUrl = testcasesTitle:fullUrl{action = 'edit'}
		local testcasesEditDisplay = message('testcases-edit-link-display')
		local testcasesEditLink = makeUrlLink(testcasesEditUrl, testcasesEditDisplay)
		-- for Modules, add testcases run link if exists
		if testcasesTitle.contentModel == &quot;Scribunto&quot;  and testcasesTitle.talkPageTitle and testcasesTitle.talkPageTitle.exists then
			local testcasesRunLinkDisplay = message('testcases-run-link-display')
			local testcasesRunLink = makeWikilink(testcasesTitle.talkPageTitle.prefixedText, testcasesRunLinkDisplay)
			testcasesLinks = testcasesLink .. ' ' .. makeToolbar(testcasesEditLink, testcasesRunLink)
		else
			testcasesLinks = testcasesLink .. ' ' .. makeToolbar(testcasesEditLink)
		end
	else
		local testcasesPreload
		if subjectSpace == 828 then
			testcasesPreload = message('module-testcases-preload')
		else
			testcasesPreload = message('template-testcases-preload')
		end
		local testcasesCreateUrl = testcasesTitle:fullUrl{action = 'edit', preload = testcasesPreload}
		local testcasesCreateDisplay = message('testcases-create-link-display')
		local testcasesCreateLink = makeUrlLink(testcasesCreateUrl, testcasesCreateDisplay)
		testcasesLinks = message('testcases-link-display') .. ' ' .. makeToolbar(testcasesCreateLink)
	end
	local messageName
	if subjectSpace == 828 then
		messageName = 'experiment-blurb-module'
	else
		messageName = 'experiment-blurb-template'
	end
	return message(messageName, {sandboxLinks, testcasesLinks})
end

function p.makeCategoriesBlurb(args, env)
	--[[
	-- Generates the text &quot;Please add categories to the /doc subpage.&quot;
	-- @args - a table of arguments passed by the user
	-- @env - environment table containing title objects, etc., generated with p.getEnvironment
	-- Messages:
	-- 'doc-link-display' --&gt; '/doc'
	-- 'add-categories-blurb' --&gt; 'Please add categories to the $1 subpage.'
	--]]
	local docTitle = env.docTitle
	if not docTitle then
		return nil
	end
	local docPathLink = makeWikilink(docTitle.prefixedText, message('doc-link-display'))
	return message('add-categories-blurb', {docPathLink})
end

function p.makeSubpagesBlurb(args, env)
	--[[
	-- Generates the &quot;Subpages of this template&quot; link.
	-- @args - a table of arguments passed by the user
	-- @env - environment table containing title objects, etc., generated with p.getEnvironment
	
	-- Messages:
	-- 'template-pagetype' --&gt; 'template'
	-- 'module-pagetype' --&gt; 'module'
	-- 'default-pagetype' --&gt; 'page'
	-- 'subpages-link-display' --&gt; 'Subpages of this $1'
	--]]
	local subjectSpace = env.subjectSpace
	local templateTitle = env.templateTitle
	if not subjectSpace or not templateTitle then
		return nil
	end
	local pagetype
	if subjectSpace == 10 then
		pagetype = message('template-pagetype')
	elseif subjectSpace == 828 then
		pagetype = message('module-pagetype')
	else
		pagetype = message('default-pagetype')
	end
	local subpagesLink = makeWikilink(
		'Special:PrefixIndex/' .. templateTitle.prefixedText .. '/',
		message('subpages-link-display', {pagetype})
	)
	return message('subpages-blurb', {subpagesLink})
end

----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Tracking categories
----------------------------------------------------------------------------

function p.addTrackingCategories(env)
	--[[
	-- Check if {{documentation}} is transcluded on a /doc or /testcases page.
	-- @env - environment table containing title objects, etc., generated with p.getEnvironment
	
	-- Messages:
	-- 'display-strange-usage-category' --&gt; true
	-- 'doc-subpage' --&gt; 'doc'
	-- 'testcases-subpage' --&gt; 'testcases'
	-- 'strange-usage-category' --&gt; 'Wikipedia pages with strange ((documentation)) usage'
	-- 
	-- /testcases pages in the module namespace are not categorised, as they may have
	-- {{documentation}} transcluded automatically.
	--]]
	local title = env.title
	local subjectSpace = env.subjectSpace
	if not title or not subjectSpace then
		return nil
	end
	local subpage = title.subpageText
	local ret = ''
	if message('display-strange-usage-category', nil, 'boolean')
		and (
			subpage == message('doc-subpage')
			or subjectSpace ~= 828 and subpage == message('testcases-subpage')
		)
	then
		ret = ret .. makeCategoryLink(message('strange-usage-category'))
	end
	return ret
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>bgl0brldq3kpjnssqx9y5v6d0gvb53i</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>模組:Arguments</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>421</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7807</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T14:41:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「-- This module provides easy processing of arguments passed to Scribunto from -- #invoke. It is intended for use by other Lua modules, and should not be -- called from #invoke directly.  local libraryUtil = require('libraryUtil') local checkType = libraryUtil.checkType  local arguments = {}  -- Generate four different tidyVal functions, so that we don't have to check the -- options every time we call it.  local function tidyValDefault(key, val) 	if type(val)…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7807</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="10054" sha1="5qx9tzlul9ser30uxj9nbasjt92cevn" xml:space="preserve">-- This module provides easy processing of arguments passed to Scribunto from
-- #invoke. It is intended for use by other Lua modules, and should not be
-- called from #invoke directly.

local libraryUtil = require('libraryUtil')
local checkType = libraryUtil.checkType

local arguments = {}

-- Generate four different tidyVal functions, so that we don't have to check the
-- options every time we call it.

local function tidyValDefault(key, val)
	if type(val) == 'string' then
		val = val:match('^%s*(.-)%s*$')
		if val == '' then
			return nil
		else
			return val
		end
	else
		return val
	end
end

local function tidyValTrimOnly(key, val)
	if type(val) == 'string' then
		return val:match('^%s*(.-)%s*$')
	else
		return val
	end
end

local function tidyValRemoveBlanksOnly(key, val)
	if type(val) == 'string' then
		if val:find('%S') then
			return val
		else
			return nil
		end
	else
		return val
	end
end

local function tidyValNoChange(key, val)
	return val
end

local function matchesTitle(given, title)
	local tp = type( given )
	return (tp == 'string' or tp == 'number') and mw.title.new( given ).prefixedText == title
end

local translate_mt = { __index = function(t, k) return k end }

function arguments.getArgs(frame, options)
	checkType('getArgs', 1, frame, 'table', true)
	checkType('getArgs', 2, options, 'table', true)
	frame = frame or {}
	options = options or {}

	--[[
	-- Set up argument translation.
	--]]
	options.translate = options.translate or {}
	if getmetatable(options.translate) == nil then
		setmetatable(options.translate, translate_mt)
	end
	if options.backtranslate == nil then
		options.backtranslate = {}
		for k,v in pairs(options.translate) do
			options.backtranslate[v] = k
		end
	end
	if options.backtranslate and getmetatable(options.backtranslate) == nil then
		setmetatable(options.backtranslate, {
			__index = function(t, k)
				if options.translate[k] ~= k then
					return nil
				else
					return k
				end
			end
		})
	end

	--[[
	-- Get the argument tables. If we were passed a valid frame object, get the
	-- frame arguments (fargs) and the parent frame arguments (pargs), depending
	-- on the options set and on the parent frame's availability. If we weren't
	-- passed a valid frame object, we are being called from another Lua module
	-- or from the debug console, so assume that we were passed a table of args
	-- directly, and assign it to a new variable (luaArgs).
	--]]
	local fargs, pargs, luaArgs
	if type(frame.args) == 'table' and type(frame.getParent) == 'function' then
		if options.wrappers then
			--[[
			-- The wrappers option makes Module:Arguments look up arguments in
			-- either the frame argument table or the parent argument table, but
			-- not both. This means that users can use either the #invoke syntax
			-- or a wrapper template without the loss of performance associated
			-- with looking arguments up in both the frame and the parent frame.
			-- Module:Arguments will look up arguments in the parent frame
			-- if it finds the parent frame's title in options.wrapper;
			-- otherwise it will look up arguments in the frame object passed
			-- to getArgs.
			--]]
			local parent = frame:getParent()
			if not parent then
				fargs = frame.args
			else
				local title = parent:getTitle():gsub('/sandbox$', '')
				local found = false
				if matchesTitle(options.wrappers, title) then
					found = true
				elseif type(options.wrappers) == 'table' then
					for _,v in pairs(options.wrappers) do
						if matchesTitle(v, title) then
							found = true
							break
						end
					end
				end

				-- We test for false specifically here so that nil (the default) acts like true.
				if found or options.frameOnly == false then
					pargs = parent.args
				end
				if not found or options.parentOnly == false then
					fargs = frame.args
				end
			end
		else
			-- options.wrapper isn't set, so check the other options.
			if not options.parentOnly then
				fargs = frame.args
			end
			if not options.frameOnly then
				local parent = frame:getParent()
				pargs = parent and parent.args or nil
			end
		end
		if options.parentFirst then
			fargs, pargs = pargs, fargs
		end
	else
		luaArgs = frame
	end

	-- Set the order of precedence of the argument tables. If the variables are
	-- nil, nothing will be added to the table, which is how we avoid clashes
	-- between the frame/parent args and the Lua args.
	local argTables = {fargs}
	argTables[#argTables + 1] = pargs
	argTables[#argTables + 1] = luaArgs

	--[[
	-- Generate the tidyVal function. If it has been specified by the user, we
	-- use that; if not, we choose one of four functions depending on the
	-- options chosen. This is so that we don't have to call the options table
	-- every time the function is called.
	--]]
	local tidyVal = options.valueFunc
	if tidyVal then
		if type(tidyVal) ~= 'function' then
			error(
				&quot;bad value assigned to option 'valueFunc'&quot;
					.. '(function expected, got '
					.. type(tidyVal)
					.. ')',
				2
			)
		end
	elseif options.trim ~= false then
		if options.removeBlanks ~= false then
			tidyVal = tidyValDefault
		else
			tidyVal = tidyValTrimOnly
		end
	else
		if options.removeBlanks ~= false then
			tidyVal = tidyValRemoveBlanksOnly
		else
			tidyVal = tidyValNoChange
		end
	end

	--[[
	-- Set up the args, metaArgs and nilArgs tables. args will be the one
	-- accessed from functions, and metaArgs will hold the actual arguments. Nil
	-- arguments are memoized in nilArgs, and the metatable connects all of them
	-- together.
	--]]
	local args, metaArgs, nilArgs, metatable = {}, {}, {}, {}
	setmetatable(args, metatable)

	local function mergeArgs(tables)
		--[[
		-- Accepts multiple tables as input and merges their keys and values
		-- into one table. If a value is already present it is not overwritten;
		-- tables listed earlier have precedence. We are also memoizing nil
		-- values, which can be overwritten if they are 's' (soft).
		--]]
		for _, t in ipairs(tables) do
			for key, val in pairs(t) do
				if metaArgs[key] == nil and nilArgs[key] ~= 'h' then
					local tidiedVal = tidyVal(key, val)
					if tidiedVal == nil then
						nilArgs[key] = 's'
					else
						metaArgs[key] = tidiedVal
					end
				end
			end
		end
	end

	--[[
	-- Define metatable behaviour. Arguments are memoized in the metaArgs table,
	-- and are only fetched from the argument tables once. Fetching arguments
	-- from the argument tables is the most resource-intensive step in this
	-- module, so we try and avoid it where possible. For this reason, nil
	-- arguments are also memoized, in the nilArgs table. Also, we keep a record
	-- in the metatable of when pairs and ipairs have been called, so we do not
	-- run pairs and ipairs on the argument tables more than once. We also do
	-- not run ipairs on fargs and pargs if pairs has already been run, as all
	-- the arguments will already have been copied over.
	--]]

	metatable.__index = function (t, key)
		--[[
		-- Fetches an argument when the args table is indexed. First we check
		-- to see if the value is memoized, and if not we try and fetch it from
		-- the argument tables. When we check memoization, we need to check
		-- metaArgs before nilArgs, as both can be non-nil at the same time.
		-- If the argument is not present in metaArgs, we also check whether
		-- pairs has been run yet. If pairs has already been run, we return nil.
		-- This is because all the arguments will have already been copied into
		-- metaArgs by the mergeArgs function, meaning that any other arguments
		-- must be nil.
		--]]
		if type(key) == 'string' then
			key = options.translate[key]
		end
		local val = metaArgs[key]
		if val ~= nil then
			return val
		elseif metatable.donePairs or nilArgs[key] then
			return nil
		end
		for _, argTable in ipairs(argTables) do
			local argTableVal = tidyVal(key, argTable[key])
			if argTableVal ~= nil then
				metaArgs[key] = argTableVal
				return argTableVal
			end
		end
		nilArgs[key] = 'h'
		return nil
	end

	metatable.__newindex = function (t, key, val)
		-- This function is called when a module tries to add a new value to the
		-- args table, or tries to change an existing value.
		if type(key) == 'string' then
			key = options.translate[key]
		end
		if options.readOnly then
			error(
				'could not write to argument table key &quot;'
					.. tostring(key)
					.. '&quot;; the table is read-only',
				2
			)
		elseif options.noOverwrite and args[key] ~= nil then
			error(
				'could not write to argument table key &quot;'
					.. tostring(key)
					.. '&quot;; overwriting existing arguments is not permitted',
				2
			)
		elseif val == nil then
			--[[
			-- If the argument is to be overwritten with nil, we need to erase
			-- the value in metaArgs, so that __index, __pairs and __ipairs do
			-- not use a previous existing value, if present; and we also need
			-- to memoize the nil in nilArgs, so that the value isn't looked
			-- up in the argument tables if it is accessed again.
			--]]
			metaArgs[key] = nil
			nilArgs[key] = 'h'
		else
			metaArgs[key] = val
		end
	end

	local function translatenext(invariant)
		local k, v = next(invariant.t, invariant.k)
		invariant.k = k
		if k == nil then
			return nil
		elseif type(k) ~= 'string' or not options.backtranslate then
			return k, v
		else
			local backtranslate = options.backtranslate[k]
			if backtranslate == nil then
				-- Skip this one. This is a tail call, so this won't cause stack overflow
				return translatenext(invariant)
			else
				return backtranslate, v
			end
		end
	end

	metatable.__pairs = function ()
		-- Called when pairs is run on the args table.
		if not metatable.donePairs then
			mergeArgs(argTables)
			metatable.donePairs = true
		end
		return translatenext, { t = metaArgs }
	end

	local function inext(t, i)
		-- This uses our __index metamethod
		local v = t[i + 1]
		if v ~= nil then
			return i + 1, v
		end
	end

	metatable.__ipairs = function (t)
		-- Called when ipairs is run on the args table.
		return inext, t, 0
	end

	return args
end

return arguments</text>
      <sha1>5qx9tzlul9ser30uxj9nbasjt92cevn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>模組:Documentation/config</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>422</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7808</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T14:44:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- -- --                               Configuration for Module:Documentation -- -- Here you can set the values of the parameters and messages used in Module:Documentation to -- localise it to your wiki and your language. Unless specified otherwise, values given here -- should be string values. --------------------------------------------------------------------…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7808</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="17605" sha1="b4q19xtmong09jk2p12b7u59pglqxkg" xml:space="preserve">----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--
--                               Configuration for Module:Documentation
--
-- Here you can set the values of the parameters and messages used in Module:Documentation to
-- localise it to your wiki and your language. Unless specified otherwise, values given here
-- should be string values.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

local cfg = {} -- Do not edit this line.

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Protection template configuration
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- cfg['protection-reason-edit']
-- The protection reason for edit-protected templates to pass to
-- [[Module:Protection banner]].
cfg['protection-reason-edit'] = 'template'

--[[
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Sandbox notice configuration
--
-- On sandbox pages the module can display a template notifying users that the current page is a
-- sandbox, and the location of test cases pages, etc. The module decides whether the page is a
-- sandbox or not based on the value of cfg['sandbox-subpage']. The following settings configure the
-- messages that the notices contains.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--]]

-- cfg['sandbox-notice-image']
-- The image displayed in the sandbox notice.
cfg['sandbox-notice-image'] = '[[File:Sandbox.svg|50px|alt=|link=]]'

--[[
-- cfg['sandbox-notice-pagetype-template']
-- cfg['sandbox-notice-pagetype-module']
-- cfg['sandbox-notice-pagetype-other']
-- The page type of the sandbox page. The message that is displayed depends on the current subject
-- namespace. This message is used in either cfg['sandbox-notice-blurb'] or
-- cfg['sandbox-notice-diff-blurb'].
--]]
cfg['sandbox-notice-pagetype-template'] = '[[Wikipedia:Template test cases|template sandbox]] page'
cfg['sandbox-notice-pagetype-module'] = '[[Wikipedia:Template test cases|module sandbox]] page'
cfg['sandbox-notice-pagetype-other'] = 'sandbox page'

--[[
-- cfg['sandbox-notice-blurb']
-- cfg['sandbox-notice-diff-blurb']
-- cfg['sandbox-notice-diff-display']
-- Either cfg['sandbox-notice-blurb'] or cfg['sandbox-notice-diff-blurb'] is the opening sentence
-- of the sandbox notice. The latter has a diff link, but the former does not. $1 is the page
-- type, which is either cfg['sandbox-notice-pagetype-template'],
-- cfg['sandbox-notice-pagetype-module'] or cfg['sandbox-notice-pagetype-other'] depending what
-- namespace we are in. $2 is a link to the main template page, and $3 is a diff link between
-- the sandbox and the main template. The display value of the diff link is set by 
-- cfg['sandbox-notice-compare-link-display'].
--]]
cfg['sandbox-notice-blurb'] = 'This is the $1 for $2.'
cfg['sandbox-notice-diff-blurb'] = 'This is the $1 for $2 ($3).'
cfg['sandbox-notice-compare-link-display'] = 'diff'

--[[
-- cfg['sandbox-notice-testcases-blurb']
-- cfg['sandbox-notice-testcases-link-display']
-- cfg['sandbox-notice-testcases-run-blurb']
-- cfg['sandbox-notice-testcases-run-link-display']
-- cfg['sandbox-notice-testcases-blurb'] is a sentence notifying the user that there is a test cases page
-- corresponding to this sandbox that they can edit. $1 is a link to the test cases page.
-- cfg['sandbox-notice-testcases-link-display'] is the display value for that link.
-- cfg['sandbox-notice-testcases-run-blurb'] is a sentence notifying the user that there is a test cases page
-- corresponding to this sandbox that they can edit, along with a link to run it. $1 is a link to the test
-- cases page, and $2 is a link to the page to run it.
-- cfg['sandbox-notice-testcases-run-link-display'] is the display value for the link to run the test
-- cases.
--]]
cfg['sandbox-notice-testcases-blurb'] = 'See also the companion subpage for $1.'
cfg['sandbox-notice-testcases-link-display'] = 'test cases'
cfg['sandbox-notice-testcases-run-blurb'] = 'See also the companion subpage for $1 ($2).'
cfg['sandbox-notice-testcases-run-link-display'] = 'run'

-- cfg['sandbox-category']
-- A category to add to all template sandboxes.
cfg['sandbox-category'] = 'Template sandboxes'

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Start box configuration
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- cfg['documentation-icon-wikitext']
-- The wikitext for the icon shown at the top of the template.
cfg['documentation-icon-wikitext'] = '[[File:Test Template Info-Icon - Version (2).svg|50px|link=|alt=]]'

-- cfg['template-namespace-heading']
-- The heading shown in the template namespace.
cfg['template-namespace-heading'] = 'Template documentation'

-- cfg['module-namespace-heading']
-- The heading shown in the module namespace.
cfg['module-namespace-heading'] = 'Module documentation'

-- cfg['file-namespace-heading']
-- The heading shown in the file namespace.
cfg['file-namespace-heading'] = 'Summary'

-- cfg['other-namespaces-heading']
-- The heading shown in other namespaces.
cfg['other-namespaces-heading'] = 'Documentation'

-- cfg['view-link-display']
-- The text to display for &quot;view&quot; links.
cfg['view-link-display'] = 'view'

-- cfg['edit-link-display']
-- The text to display for &quot;edit&quot; links.
cfg['edit-link-display'] = 'edit'

-- cfg['history-link-display']
-- The text to display for &quot;history&quot; links.
cfg['history-link-display'] = 'history'

-- cfg['purge-link-display']
-- The text to display for &quot;purge&quot; links.
cfg['purge-link-display'] = 'purge'

-- cfg['create-link-display']
-- The text to display for &quot;create&quot; links.
cfg['create-link-display'] = 'create'

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Link box (end box) configuration
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- cfg['transcluded-from-blurb']
-- Notice displayed when the docs are transcluded from another page. $1 is a wikilink to that page.
cfg['transcluded-from-blurb'] = 'The above [[Wikipedia:Template documentation|documentation]] is [[Wikipedia:Transclusion|transcluded]] from $1.'

--[[
-- cfg['create-module-doc-blurb']
-- Notice displayed in the module namespace when the documentation subpage does not exist.
-- $1 is a link to create the documentation page with the preload cfg['module-preload'] and the
-- display cfg['create-link-display'].
--]]
cfg['create-module-doc-blurb'] = 'You might want to $1 a documentation page for this [[Wikipedia:Lua|Scribunto module]].'

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Experiment blurb configuration
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--[[
-- cfg['experiment-blurb-template']
-- cfg['experiment-blurb-module']
-- The experiment blurb is the text inviting editors to experiment in sandbox and test cases pages.
-- It is only shown in the template and module namespaces. With the default English settings, it
-- might look like this:
--
-- Editors can experiment in this template's sandbox (edit | diff) and testcases (edit) pages.
--
-- In this example, &quot;sandbox&quot;, &quot;edit&quot;, &quot;diff&quot;, &quot;testcases&quot;, and &quot;edit&quot; would all be links.
--
-- There are two versions, cfg['experiment-blurb-template'] and cfg['experiment-blurb-module'], depending
-- on what namespace we are in.
-- 
-- Parameters:
--
-- $1 is a link to the sandbox page. If the sandbox exists, it is in the following format:
--
--     cfg['sandbox-link-display'] (cfg['sandbox-edit-link-display'] | cfg['compare-link-display'])
-- 
-- If the sandbox doesn't exist, it is in the format:
--
--     cfg['sandbox-link-display'] (cfg['sandbox-create-link-display'] | cfg['mirror-link-display'])
-- 
-- The link for cfg['sandbox-create-link-display'] link preloads the page with cfg['template-sandbox-preload']
-- or cfg['module-sandbox-preload'], depending on the current namespace. The link for cfg['mirror-link-display']
-- loads a default edit summary of cfg['mirror-edit-summary'].
--
-- $2 is a link to the test cases page. If the test cases page exists, it is in the following format:
--
--     cfg['testcases-link-display'] (cfg['testcases-edit-link-display'] | cfg['testcases-run-link-display'])
--
-- If the test cases page doesn't exist, it is in the format:
-- 
--     cfg['testcases-link-display'] (cfg['testcases-create-link-display'])
--
-- If the test cases page doesn't exist, the link for cfg['testcases-create-link-display'] preloads the
-- page with cfg['template-testcases-preload'] or cfg['module-testcases-preload'], depending on the current
-- namespace.
--]]
cfg['experiment-blurb-template'] = &quot;Editors can experiment in this template's $1 and $2 pages.&quot;
cfg['experiment-blurb-module'] = &quot;Editors can experiment in this module's $1 and $2 pages.&quot;

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Sandbox link configuration
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- cfg['sandbox-subpage']
-- The name of the template subpage typically used for sandboxes.
cfg['sandbox-subpage'] = 'sandbox'

-- cfg['template-sandbox-preload']
-- Preload file for template sandbox pages.
cfg['template-sandbox-preload'] = 'Template:Documentation/preload-sandbox'

-- cfg['module-sandbox-preload']
-- Preload file for Lua module sandbox pages.
cfg['module-sandbox-preload'] = 'Template:Documentation/preload-module-sandbox'

-- cfg['sandbox-link-display']
-- The text to display for &quot;sandbox&quot; links.
cfg['sandbox-link-display'] = 'sandbox'

-- cfg['sandbox-edit-link-display']
-- The text to display for sandbox &quot;edit&quot; links.
cfg['sandbox-edit-link-display'] = 'edit'

-- cfg['sandbox-create-link-display']
-- The text to display for sandbox &quot;create&quot; links.
cfg['sandbox-create-link-display'] = 'create'

-- cfg['compare-link-display']
-- The text to display for &quot;compare&quot; links.
cfg['compare-link-display'] = 'diff'

-- cfg['mirror-edit-summary']
-- The default edit summary to use when a user clicks the &quot;mirror&quot; link. $1 is a wikilink to the
-- template page.
cfg['mirror-edit-summary'] = 'Create sandbox version of $1'

-- cfg['mirror-link-display']
-- The text to display for &quot;mirror&quot; links.
cfg['mirror-link-display'] = 'mirror'

-- cfg['mirror-link-preload']
-- The page to preload when a user clicks the &quot;mirror&quot; link.
cfg['mirror-link-preload'] = 'Template:Documentation/mirror'

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Test cases link configuration
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- cfg['testcases-subpage']
-- The name of the template subpage typically used for test cases.
cfg['testcases-subpage'] = 'testcases'

-- cfg['template-testcases-preload']
-- Preload file for template test cases pages.
cfg['template-testcases-preload'] = 'Template:Documentation/preload-testcases'

-- cfg['module-testcases-preload']
-- Preload file for Lua module test cases pages.
cfg['module-testcases-preload'] = 'Template:Documentation/preload-module-testcases'

-- cfg['testcases-link-display']
-- The text to display for &quot;testcases&quot; links.
cfg['testcases-link-display'] = 'testcases'

-- cfg['testcases-edit-link-display']
-- The text to display for test cases &quot;edit&quot; links.
cfg['testcases-edit-link-display'] = 'edit'

-- cfg['testcases-run-link-display']
-- The text to display for test cases &quot;run&quot; links.
cfg['testcases-run-link-display'] = 'run'

-- cfg['testcases-create-link-display']
-- The text to display for test cases &quot;create&quot; links.
cfg['testcases-create-link-display'] = 'create'

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Add categories blurb configuration
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--[[
-- cfg['add-categories-blurb']
-- Text to direct users to add categories to the /doc subpage. Not used if the &quot;content&quot; or
-- &quot;docname fed&quot; arguments are set, as then it is not clear where to add the categories. $1 is a
-- link to the /doc subpage with a display value of cfg['doc-link-display'].
--]]
cfg['add-categories-blurb'] = 'Add categories to the $1 subpage.'

-- cfg['doc-link-display']
-- The text to display when linking to the /doc subpage.
cfg['doc-link-display'] = '/doc'

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Subpages link configuration
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

--[[
-- cfg['subpages-blurb']
-- The &quot;Subpages of this template&quot; blurb. $1 is a link to the main template's subpages with a
-- display value of cfg['subpages-link-display']. In the English version this blurb is simply
-- the link followed by a period, and the link display provides the actual text.
--]]
cfg['subpages-blurb'] = '$1.'

--[[
-- cfg['subpages-link-display']
-- The text to display for the &quot;subpages of this page&quot; link. $1 is cfg['template-pagetype'],
-- cfg['module-pagetype'] or cfg['default-pagetype'], depending on whether the current page is in
-- the template namespace, the module namespace, or another namespace.
--]]
cfg['subpages-link-display'] = 'Subpages of this $1'

-- cfg['template-pagetype']
-- The pagetype to display for template pages.
cfg['template-pagetype'] = 'template'

-- cfg['module-pagetype']
-- The pagetype to display for Lua module pages.
cfg['module-pagetype'] = 'module'

-- cfg['default-pagetype']
-- The pagetype to display for pages other than templates or Lua modules.
cfg['default-pagetype'] = 'page'

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Doc link configuration
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- cfg['doc-subpage']
-- The name of the subpage typically used for documentation pages.
cfg['doc-subpage'] = 'doc'

-- cfg['file-docpage-preload']
-- Preload file for documentation page in the file namespace.
cfg['file-docpage-preload'] = 'Template:Documentation/preload-filespace'

-- cfg['docpage-preload']
-- Preload file for template documentation pages in all namespaces.
cfg['docpage-preload'] = 'Template:Documentation/preload'

-- cfg['module-preload']
-- Preload file for Lua module documentation pages.
cfg['module-preload'] = 'Template:Documentation/preload-module-doc'

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- HTML and CSS configuration
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- cfg['templatestyles']
-- The name of the TemplateStyles page where CSS is kept.
-- Sandbox CSS will be at Module:Documentation/sandbox/styles.css when needed.
cfg['templatestyles'] = 'Module:Documentation/styles.css'

-- cfg['container']
-- Class which can be used to set flex or grid CSS on the
-- two child divs documentation and documentation-metadata
cfg['container'] = 'documentation-container'

-- cfg['main-div-classes']
-- Classes added to the main HTML &quot;div&quot; tag.
cfg['main-div-classes'] = 'documentation'

-- cfg['main-div-heading-class']
-- Class for the main heading for templates and modules and assoc. talk spaces
cfg['main-div-heading-class'] = 'documentation-heading'

-- cfg['start-box-class']
-- Class for the start box
cfg['start-box-class'] = 'documentation-startbox'

-- cfg['start-box-link-classes']
-- Classes used for the [view][edit][history] or [create] links in the start box.
-- mw-editsection-like is per [[Wikipedia:Village pump (technical)/Archive 117]]
cfg['start-box-link-classes'] = 'mw-editsection-like plainlinks'

-- cfg['end-box-class']
-- Class for the end box.
cfg['end-box-class'] = 'documentation-metadata'

-- cfg['end-box-plainlinks']
-- Plainlinks
cfg['end-box-plainlinks'] = 'plainlinks'

-- cfg['toolbar-class']
-- Class added for toolbar links.
cfg['toolbar-class'] = 'documentation-toolbar'

-- cfg['clear']
-- Just used to clear things.
cfg['clear'] = 'documentation-clear'


----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Tracking category configuration
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

-- cfg['display-strange-usage-category']
-- Set to true to enable output of cfg['strange-usage-category'] if the module is used on a /doc subpage
-- or a /testcases subpage. This should be a boolean value (either true or false).
cfg['display-strange-usage-category'] = true

-- cfg['strange-usage-category']
-- Category to output if cfg['display-strange-usage-category'] is set to true and the module is used on a
-- /doc subpage or a /testcases subpage.
cfg['strange-usage-category'] = 'Wikipedia pages with strange ((documentation)) usage'

--[[
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
-- End configuration
--
-- Don't edit anything below this line.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
--]]

return cfg</text>
      <sha1>b4q19xtmong09jk2p12b7u59pglqxkg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>模組:Documentation/styles.css</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>423</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7809</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T14:51:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「.documentation, .documentation-metadata { 	border: 1px solid #a2a9b1; 	background-color: #ecfcf4; 	clear: both; }  .documentation { 	margin: 1em 0 0 0; 	padding: 1em; }  .documentation-metadata { 	margin: 0.2em 0; /* same margin left-right as .documentation */     font-style: italic;     padding: 0.4em 1em; /* same padding left-right as .documentation */ }  .documentation-startbox { 	padding-bottom: 3px; 	border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa; 	margin-bottom: 1ex; }…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7809</origin>
      <model>sanitized-css</model>
      <format>text/css</format>
      <text bytes="693" sha1="6ivs4kpzqv4zt3cml7h3ezzrj1dsw9y" xml:space="preserve">.documentation,
.documentation-metadata {
	border: 1px solid #a2a9b1;
	background-color: #ecfcf4;
	clear: both;
}

.documentation {
	margin: 1em 0 0 0;
	padding: 1em;
}

.documentation-metadata {
	margin: 0.2em 0; /* same margin left-right as .documentation */
    font-style: italic;
    padding: 0.4em 1em; /* same padding left-right as .documentation */
}

.documentation-startbox {
	padding-bottom: 3px;
	border-bottom: 1px solid #aaa;
	margin-bottom: 1ex;
}

.documentation-heading {
	font-weight: bold;
	font-size: 125%;
}

.documentation-clear { /* Don't want things to stick out where they shouldn't. */
	clear: both;
}

.documentation-toolbar {
	font-style: normal;
	font-size: 85%;
}</text>
      <sha1>6ivs4kpzqv4zt3cml7h3ezzrj1dsw9y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:Bd/isYear</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>424</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7811</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T17:38:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「{{#switch:{{{2|}}}     |? a caviljan|inika su kineljang a caviljan     |#default={{#ifexist:{{{2|}}}         |2     }} }}&lt;noinclude&gt; {{Documentation}} &lt;/noinclude&gt;」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7811</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="163" sha1="ccts6niqve29jzzzueq2f8hbyiklcrs" xml:space="preserve">{{#switch:{{{2|}}}
    |? a caviljan|inika su kineljang a caviljan
    |#default={{#ifexist:{{{2|}}}
        |2
    }}
}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>ccts6niqve29jzzzueq2f8hbyiklcrs</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:Date.isMD</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>425</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7821</id>
      <parentid>7813</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T18:51:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>7821</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="213" sha1="fj3w76c8gy6apaionh0wqadmfgwzu7w" xml:space="preserve">{{#switch:{{{1|}}}
|{{padleft:{{MONTHNAME|{{{3|{{{month}}}}}}}}|2|0}}|{{padleft:{{{2|{{{day}}}}}}|2|0}} na {{padleft:{{MONTHNAME|{{{3|{{{month}}}}}}}}|2|0}}=1
|#default=}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>fj3w76c8gy6apaionh0wqadmfgwzu7w</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:MOUTHNAME</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>426</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7816</id>
      <parentid>7814</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T18:14:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>清空全部內容</comment>
      <origin>7816</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="0" sha1="phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1" />
      <sha1>phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:MONTHNAME</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>427</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7815</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T18:14:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{#switch:{{MONTHNUMBER|{{{2}}}}}|1=1 a qiljas|2=2 a qiljas|3=3 a qiljas|4=4 a qiljas|5=5 a qiljas|6=6 a qiljas|7=7 a qiljas|8=8 a qiljas|9=9 a qiljas|10=10 a qiljas|11=11 a qiljas|12=12 a qiljas|Incorrect required parameter 1=''month''!}}|Missing required parameter 1=''month''!}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;  {{Documentation}} &lt;!-- Add categories and interwikis to the /doc subpage, not here! --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7815</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="436" sha1="84srl7002sce81gn2vnaeyc9vzl1cdh" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#if:{{{2|}}}|{{#switch:{{MONTHNUMBER|{{{2}}}}}|1=1 a qiljas|2=2 a qiljas|3=3 a qiljas|4=4 a qiljas|5=5 a qiljas|6=6 a qiljas|7=7 a qiljas|8=8 a qiljas|9=9 a qiljas|10=10 a qiljas|11=11 a qiljas|12=12 a qiljas|Incorrect required parameter 1=''month''!}}|Missing required parameter 1=''month''!}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;

{{Documentation}}
&lt;!-- Add categories and interwikis to the /doc subpage, not here! --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>84srl7002sce81gn2vnaeyc9vzl1cdh</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:Day</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>428</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7817</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T18:24:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「{{#switch:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{#time:j|{{{1}}}}}}}|1=1 a qadaw|2=2 a qadaw|3=3 a qadaw|4=4 a qadaw|5=5 a qadaw|6=6 a qadaw|7=7 a qadaw|8=8 a qadaw|9=9 a qadaw|10=10 a qadaw|11=11 a qadaw|12=12 a qadaw|13=13 a qadaw|14=14 a qadaw|15=15 a qadaw|16=16 a qadaw|17=17 a qadaw|18=18 a qadaw|19=19 a qadaw|20=20 a qadaw|21=21 a qadaw|22=22 a qadaw|23=23 a qadaw|24=24 a qadaw|25=25 a qadaw|26=26 a qadaw|27=27 a qadaw|28=28 a qadaw|29=29 a qadaw|30=31 a qadaw|31=31 a qadaw…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7817</origin>
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      <text bytes="506" sha1="rqtkjuiu9107z8fyep8oadaaxb6v8ly" xml:space="preserve">{{#switch:{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{#time:j|{{{1}}}}}}}|1=1 a qadaw|2=2 a qadaw|3=3 a qadaw|4=4 a qadaw|5=5 a qadaw|6=6 a qadaw|7=7 a qadaw|8=8 a qadaw|9=9 a qadaw|10=10 a qadaw|11=11 a qadaw|12=12 a qadaw|13=13 a qadaw|14=14 a qadaw|15=15 a qadaw|16=16 a qadaw|17=17 a qadaw|18=18 a qadaw|19=19 a qadaw|20=20 a qadaw|21=21 a qadaw|22=22 a qadaw|23=23 a qadaw|24=24 a qadaw|25=25 a qadaw|26=26 a qadaw|27=27 a qadaw|28=28 a qadaw|29=29 a qadaw|30=31 a qadaw|31=31 a qadaw}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>rqtkjuiu9107z8fyep8oadaaxb6v8ly</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:PAGENAME</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>429</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7819</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T18:31:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「{{{{{|safesubst:}}}PAGENAME:{{{1|{{{{{|safesubst:}}}FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}&lt;noinclude&gt; {{Documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7819</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="112" sha1="rvkssbaekp9r6lzxv1pz0a17zfovpix" xml:space="preserve">{{{{{|safesubst:}}}PAGENAME:{{{1|{{{{{|safesubst:}}}FULLPAGENAME}}}}}}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>rvkssbaekp9r6lzxv1pz0a17zfovpix</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:Bd</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>430</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7820</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T18:34:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「{{#if:{{Date.isMD|{{{1|}}}}}         |{{{1}}}         |{{{1|}}} }}  na  {{#if:{{Bd/isYear|{{{2|}}}}}         |{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}{{namespace||[[pinapapilipiliqan:sinipualjak yi {{{2}}}|{{#if:{{{catIdx|{{{5|}}}}}}|{{{catIdx|{{{5}}}}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}]]}} }}{{#if:{{{1|}}} na {{{2|}}} {{{3|}}} na {{{4|}}}|{{#if:{{{3|}}} {{{4|}}}| - |{{editintro|Template:BLP editintro|span| - }}}}}}{{#if:{{Date.isMD|{{{3|}}}}}         |{{{3}}}         |{{{3|}}} }} na  {{#if:{{Bd/isY…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7820</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="978" sha1="qm32zzq3fq2umy1dfmcb1awvmmijvdm" xml:space="preserve">{{#if:{{Date.isMD|{{{1|}}}}}
        |{{{1}}}
        |{{{1|}}}
}} 
na 
{{#if:{{Bd/isYear|{{{2|}}}}}
        |{{{2|}}}|{{{2}}}{{namespace||[[pinapapilipiliqan:sinipualjak yi {{{2}}}|{{#if:{{{catIdx|{{{5|}}}}}}|{{{catIdx|{{{5}}}}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}]]}}
}}{{#if:{{{1|}}} na {{{2|}}} {{{3|}}} na {{{4|}}}|{{#if:{{{3|}}} {{{4|}}}| - |{{editintro|Template:BLP editintro|span| - }}}}}}{{#if:{{Date.isMD|{{{3|}}}}}
        |{{{3}}}
        |{{{3|}}}
}}
na 
{{#if:{{Bd/isYear|{{{4|}}}}}
        |{{{4}}}{{namespace||[[zyuwaw na:{{{4}}} mhuqil|{{#if:{{{catIdx|{{{5|}}}}}}|{{{catIdx|{{{5}}}}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}]]}}
        |{{#if:{{{4|}}}|{{{4}}}{{namespace||[[pinapapilipiliqan:macay yi inika su kineljang a caviljan|{{#if:{{{catIdx|{{{5|}}}}}}|{{{catIdx|{{{5}}}}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}]]}}}}
}}{{#if:{{{3|}}}||{{#if:{{{4|}}}
  ||{{namespace||[[pinapapilipiliqan:valjualjut a caucau|{{#if:{{{catIdx|{{{5|}}}}}}|{{{catIdx|{{{5}}}}}}|{{PAGENAME}}}}]]}}}}
}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>qm32zzq3fq2umy1dfmcb1awvmmijvdm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pinapapilipiliqan:valjualjut a caucau</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>431</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7825</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T19:13:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「[[pinapapilipiliqan:caucau]]」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7825</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="28" sha1="kl5wg4jlgnw5pyfmbwzegdruzosh8lf" xml:space="preserve">[[pinapapilipiliqan:caucau]]</text>
      <sha1>kl5wg4jlgnw5pyfmbwzegdruzosh8lf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pinapapilipiliqan:sinipualjak yi 1956 a caviljan</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>432</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7826</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T19:18:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「[[pinapapilipiliqan:sinipualjak|1956 a caviljan]]  [[pinapapilipiliqan:1956 a caviljan|sinipualjak]]」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7826</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="100" sha1="e0ecvsxeg27u7l1pc8ikewo5vebql2q" xml:space="preserve">[[pinapapilipiliqan:sinipualjak|1956 a caviljan]] 
[[pinapapilipiliqan:1956 a caviljan|sinipualjak]]</text>
      <sha1>e0ecvsxeg27u7l1pc8ikewo5vebql2q</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pinapapilipiliqan:caucau</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>433</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7827</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-22T19:37:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立空白頁面</comment>
      <origin>7827</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="0" sha1="phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1" />
      <sha1>phoiac9h4m842xq45sp7s6u21eteeq1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pinapapilipiliqan:cungtung a vavayan</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>434</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7828</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-23T02:58:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「[[pinapapilipiliqan:cungtung|vavayan]] [[pinapapilipiliqan:vavayan]]」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7828</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="68" sha1="cr8bp6jligtyjfd8y13v4btvmxrcx4x" xml:space="preserve">[[pinapapilipiliqan:cungtung|vavayan]]
[[pinapapilipiliqan:vavayan]]</text>
      <sha1>cr8bp6jligtyjfd8y13v4btvmxrcx4x</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pinapapilipiliqan:cungtung nua Taiwan</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>435</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7829</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-23T03:07:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「[[pinapapilipiliqan:cungtung|Taiwan]]  [[pinapapilipiliqan:taiwan]]」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7829</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="67" sha1="8j1fj5n0sdl9a2ipx8qv7cj5qytw0tn" xml:space="preserve">[[pinapapilipiliqan:cungtung|Taiwan]] 
[[pinapapilipiliqan:taiwan]]</text>
      <sha1>8j1fj5n0sdl9a2ipx8qv7cj5qytw0tn</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pinapapilipiliqan:kacalisian nua Taiwan</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>436</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7830</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-23T03:16:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「[[pinapapilipiliqan:kacalisian|Taiwan]]  [[pinapapilipiliqan:taiwan]]」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7830</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="69" sha1="hg55l7uqjz745t3h1e9q2vzqpggnpxl" xml:space="preserve">[[pinapapilipiliqan:kacalisian|Taiwan]] 
[[pinapapilipiliqan:taiwan]]</text>
      <sha1>hg55l7uqjz745t3h1e9q2vzqpggnpxl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pinapapilipiliqan:Paiwan</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>437</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7831</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-23T03:22:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「[[pinapapilipiliqan:kacalisian nua Taiwan]]  [[pinapapilipiliqan:taiwan]]」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7831</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="73" sha1="h9jfssrog0ilkjuvyhkwpljr5mva62r" xml:space="preserve">[[pinapapilipiliqan:kacalisian nua Taiwan]] 
[[pinapapilipiliqan:taiwan]]</text>
      <sha1>h9jfssrog0ilkjuvyhkwpljr5mva62r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pinapapilipiliqan:kilang</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>438</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7832</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-23T03:24:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「[[pinapapilipiliqan:taiwan]]」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7832</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="28" sha1="8v7btxkj5ldnksb49lx7ua6h1yjia52" xml:space="preserve">[[pinapapilipiliqan:taiwan]]</text>
      <sha1>8v7btxkj5ldnksb49lx7ua6h1yjia52</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pinapapilipiliqan:pairang</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>439</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7833</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-23T03:26:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「[[pinapapilipiliqan:taiwan]]」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7833</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="28" sha1="8v7btxkj5ldnksb49lx7ua6h1yjia52" xml:space="preserve">[[pinapapilipiliqan:taiwan]]</text>
      <sha1>8v7btxkj5ldnksb49lx7ua6h1yjia52</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Centre Georges-Pompidou a umaq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>440</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11424</id>
      <parentid>10402</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-09-30T21:22:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>41</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Removing [[:c:File:Pompidou_Centre_(5684082567).jpg|Pompidou_Centre_(5684082567).jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Infrogmation|Infrogmation]] because: per [[:c:Commons:Deletion requests/Files in Category:Exterior of the Centre Georges-</comment>
      <origin>11424</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2315" sha1="dje5iwk905wetqgg2s10ezdujdwycz6" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; | Georges-Pompidou a umaq 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | 

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''sauzayan i kacauan'''
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |kakaizuanan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | Place Georges Pompidou (75004)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |namakakaizuazua
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |sikakudan katua remayurangan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |kunian
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |vurangse
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |lemingdjeljan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | kemasi 1971 a caviljan  patje 1977 a caviljan 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; | kuba
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | se Ove Arup &amp; Partners 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |wanlu 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | https://www.centrepompidou.fr
|}

aicu a Centre Georges-Pompidou a umaq (vurangse a kai: Centre Georges-Pompidou；ciniukukan: 龐畢度中心）, avan za Pompidou a kuka a sinan papaljizavan tua nemangamanga umaq katua buka a kakaizuanan, izua zuma a ngadan pinaka Beaubourg nua aya. a kaizuanan imaza i [[paris|paris a lizuk]] i sikamasan simatjelj, i dedet ta &quot;marais&quot; katua &quot;les halles&quot; matja drusa a kadjunangan. 

a itadalj ta umaq izua sasqetjan ta sunatj, a paridiu a situcuan a nanemanga umaq, katua gaku patjara zaing kata senay a saliman.

== cinalivatan ==
ka 1969 a caviljan, a velenget nua se vuranse ti Georges Pompidou sinipapukining aza ti velenget sicuayan ti Charles de Gaulle tazua i sikamasanmusalj a rivurivuan i kacauan nadjemalim katua sivitai niamadju tjai Adolf Hitler, saka na kipuvarung a lemingdjelj ta aicu a sasqetjan ta paridiu a sicuacuayan a nanemanga umaq. kau izua kimaya unem a taiday a kinateveteveljan na kicapilj taicu a paqaqayam a seman umaq a sengsengan, manu napeniliq ta amin ita kuba. ljakua lja ti Georges Pompidou nasaqetju anga sa pinacayan ka 1974 a caviljan,  avan nu sika aicu a umaq na patagilj a semeljudjen ka 1977 a caviljan ita qiljasan 31 a qadavan, avan sinipapungadan uta timadju. kemasi 1977 a caviljan patje tucu, izua paselaw ta ita a laulavan lima a kuzulj a kudravan a caucau a mangetjez imaza a paljilji a pacun.</text>
      <sha1>dje5iwk905wetqgg2s10ezdujdwycz6</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lee Yi-hsiu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>442</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12251</id>
      <parentid>7846</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T14:24:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>kasizuan</comment>
      <origin>12251</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="930" sha1="g81yuwmhmkkihotat42teq5x9w3cx2o" xml:space="preserve">{{Infobox person
| name               = Lee Yi-hsiu
| image              = File:歷史哥.jpg
| caption            = 
| native_name        = {{nobold|李易修}}
| native_name_lang   = ciniukukan
| birth_name         = 
| birth_date         = {{birth date and age|df=y|1988|6|10}}
| birth_place        = [[Takau]]
| nationality        = 
| education          = 
| alma_mater         = 
| occupation         = 
| years_active       = 
| known_for          = 
| relatives          = 
| website            = 
}}
ti '''Lee Yi-hsiu''' (ciniukukan: 李易修; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Lí E̍k-siu; {{Bd|10 a qadaw na 6 a qiljas|1988 a caviljan||}}) mavan a [[YouTuber]] i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], nalemedaw kemasi imaza i taihuku i Sanmin cy (三民區). nakitjaula aken i [[kuli taiwan sihan daigakku]](國立臺灣師範大學).

== kasizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[pinapapilipiliqan:pairang]]
[[pinapapilipiliqan:Takau]]
[[pinapapilipiliqan:YouTuber]]</text>
      <sha1>g81yuwmhmkkihotat42teq5x9w3cx2o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pinapapilipiliqan:sinipualjak yi 1988 a caviljan</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>443</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7847</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-23T16:10:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「[[pinapapilipiliqan:sinipualjak|1988 a caviljan]]  [[pinapapilipiliqan:1988 a caviljan|sinipualjak]]」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7847</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="100" sha1="qencuv5i29my1llox22kpzcgldzzsd8" xml:space="preserve">[[pinapapilipiliqan:sinipualjak|1988 a caviljan]] 
[[pinapapilipiliqan:1988 a caviljan|sinipualjak]]</text>
      <sha1>qencuv5i29my1llox22kpzcgldzzsd8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pinapapilipiliqan:YouTuber</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>444</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7849</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-24T02:30:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「[[pinapapilipiliqan:YouTube]]」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7849</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29" sha1="7gxab03043bky1mwrujoraz9xlvvkqp" xml:space="preserve">[[pinapapilipiliqan:YouTube]]</text>
      <sha1>7gxab03043bky1mwrujoraz9xlvvkqp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kipapacay tjai tjiung kingkuk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>445</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11179</id>
      <parentid>11170</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-28T01:39:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Praxidicae</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>rvv</comment>
      <origin>7884</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="409" sha1="osscl7j9u9tlz9q9mzvc8zzhhj1a4vf" xml:space="preserve">puita a [[Taiwan|setayuan]] a situ ti eng bunhiung a nakitulu i amilka a na kilaut a '''kipapacay tjai tjiung kingkuk''', nu kivala a semamaza i tjatjusururan a pelaza (Plaza Hotel) i lizuk a niw-iyuk (New York City) i amilika timadju i kaqadavan a sikamasanmusalj a puluq sa sepatj nua i qiljasan a 4 i kacaviljan a 1970. pasuvililj inika pinapuluqem aicu a kipapacayan i casaw tua za tjatjusururan a pelaza.</text>
      <sha1>osscl7j9u9tlz9q9mzvc8zzhhj1a4vf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pinapapilipiliqan:Takau</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>446</id>
    <revision>
      <id>7852</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-24T17:08:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「[[pinapapilipiliqan:taiwan]]」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>7852</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="28" sha1="8v7btxkj5ldnksb49lx7ua6h1yjia52" xml:space="preserve">[[pinapapilipiliqan:taiwan]]</text>
      <sha1>8v7btxkj5ldnksb49lx7ua6h1yjia52</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Mikaoji Kung'yu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>448</id>
    <redirect title="Mikawci Kung&#039;yu" />
    <revision>
      <id>7855</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-25T12:24:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sdf pinapapigagiljigilji anga a lisadayan na sapitj kemasi ta [[Mikaoji Kung'yu]] a patje [[Mikawci Kung'yu]]</comment>
      <origin>7855</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="33" sha1="1pybfrlum85181ogzc1lj5goldo24zi" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[Mikawci Kung'yu]]</text>
      <sha1>1pybfrlum85181ogzc1lj5goldo24zi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Tiribi na Kacalisian</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>451</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12597</id>
      <parentid>12282</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-17T18:16:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12597</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="299" sha1="bt1ctlrs9zktfbgd5bz0jr1ax5ghed2" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:IPCF-TITV title on CTV Building 20161031.jpg|thumb|Tiribi na Kacalisian]] 
'''Tiribi na Kacalisian'''(原住民族電視台, Taiwan Indigenous Television) avan [[tiribi]] i [[Taiwan|taiwan]].

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[pinapapilipiliqan:taiwan]]
[[pinapapilipiliqan:tiribi]]</text>
      <sha1>bt1ctlrs9zktfbgd5bz0jr1ax5ghed2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>viljuaq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>452</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10548</id>
      <parentid>10521</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-01T21:06:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Praxidicae</username>
        <id>355</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>rvv</comment>
      <origin>7883</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1126" sha1="hjkm7b8j240s0z9cqweouwmwt26p527" xml:space="preserve">aicu a kasiw a viljuaq, masanliawliaw i vecekadan a pasanavalj tua chuku kata i teku a sasusuan tua vavavan na panapana tuki gaduan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. qaw i kuskus na qakaw, izua a kadjunangan a ngadan mavanga a “viljuaq” aya, masa liaw a viljuaq izua i dedet ta pana.
aza kudral a vuljangaw na viljuaq, nuri venuciyar nu kaljaljajeqelan, sa maretimalji aravac aza quljaw na vuljangaw nimadju. qaw nu mincelak aicu a kasiw, qacaqacanga aza kapana(拉氏清溪蟹)；qaw nuri malaic aza vuljangaw, natevuta sa qacanga aza kana(澤蟹) kata kaurir kang(紅蟹).

== sikakudanan ==
tjengelay aravac a venen a kakanen taza qaljic na viljuaq. qaw uri semuqaljic a payuwan ta viljuaq sa semancalis, qaw maqati a malang tua sikaw aicu a calis. sa maqati a vengetjen sa talekelekan taza vaqu uta. uri sinan a djemuljat naicu a qaljic na viljuaq uta. uri alapen na payuwan taicu a qaljic sa cemavu ta tjamaku sa qemedjen, qaw dremasidrasi sa vucivuciq nu uri qemucuyanga.

== kaizuanan ==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P79-80。</text>
      <sha1>hjkm7b8j240s0z9cqweouwmwt26p527</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sinan drukudrukung simintu a paljing</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>474</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11778</id>
      <parentid>11128</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-02-10T21:04:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>YiFeiBot</username>
        <id>1118</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: Migrating 1 langlinks, now provided by [[d:|Wikidata]] on [[d:q64436]]</comment>
      <origin>11778</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="2036" sha1="rnrtjxrrv50wdg7kxljoayoqf6sk36p" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; | sinan drukudrukung simintu a paljing 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[File:Arc de Triomphe, Paris 5 February 2019.jpg|thumb|aza siljizavan i kacasavan ta paljing i paris a lizuk ka 2019 a caviljan|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''sauzayan i kacauan'''
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |kakaizuanan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | i vecekadan tua kacasavan a Charles de Gaulle (75017)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |namakakaizuazua
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |sikakudan katua remayurangan
|-
|lalangan a umaq
|新古典主義
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |kunian
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |vurangse
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |lemingdjeljan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | kemasi 1806 a caviljan  patje 1836 a caviljan 
|-
|seman paljing a caucau
|Jean Chalgrin
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |wanlu 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | http://www.paris-arc-de-triomphe.fr/
|}

aicu a sinan drukudrukung simintu a paljing（vurangse a kai: Arc de triomphe de l'Étoile；ciniukukan: 雄獅凱旋門) imaza i [[paris|paris a lizuk]] i sikamasan simuluq a pitju a cy nua i pinaljavakan a vurangse. imaza  i vecekadan tua kacasavan a Charles de Gaulle, i pasakaledep tua tjaqacavan a kadjalanan a Champs-Élysées (香榭麗舍大街 nua aya). avan za sinipukiningan tua marivurivuan patjara ti kamakama i Napoléon nua aya ka 1805 a caviljan tazua a djemalim ta qalja niamadju a russia katua 奧地利. ka 1806 a caviljan tazua aza sihu na patagilj a lemingdjelj ta aicu a paljing. ljakua ka sualapen ta sihu nase Napoléon, palemek tu semekez ta aicu a sengsengan. pajte 1830 a caviljan tazua, aicu a sihu nase Bourbon (波旁王朝 nua aya) sualapen sa mumalj a patagilj a saliman, sa ka 1836 a caviljan naqemacuvung anga.

== cinalivatan ==

== umaq ==

== patarevan ==</text>
      <sha1>rnrtjxrrv50wdg7kxljoayoqf6sk36p</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>paumeli</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>475</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12658</id>
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      <timestamp>2024-10-01T00:11:53Z</timestamp>
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        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>20</id>
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      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>12658</origin>
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      <text bytes="1280" sha1="h3u7ocsnihpqrfxtjwntgcstphed0xw" xml:space="preserve">qinaljan, izuazua a alu a puluq a paljing i paumeli a qinaljan, qaw izua a madrusa iday a pitju a puluq a cawcau a kinavadavadayan, sa madrusa iday a unem a puluq a kacalisiyan (96%) izua. qaw, izuanga a cawcau a [[Paiwan|sepayuwan]] (77%), serukay (14%), semuqami (2%) kata sebunun (1%). izua i sicevud a pasavililj a pana a [[Tjavualji|tjavuali]] (太麻里溪) aicu a qinaljan. masa namakapana aicu a qinaljan, izua i vecekadan tua gadugaduan kata ceva, saka pinaka taicu a ngadan a “paumeli” nua qinaljan.&lt;ref&gt;https://web.archive.org/web/20221016124110/https://memory.culture.tw/Home/Detail?Id=272392&amp;IndexCode=Culture_Object&amp;Keyword=%E5%8C%85%E9%9C%A7%E7%9B%AE%E5%8A%9B&amp;SearchMode=Precise&lt;/ref&gt; ka 1941 a cavilj, teveteveljen nua ripun a sihu a tjuljitjuljik, [[viljauljaul]] kata paumeli izua i lizukan i karaluran na valangaw sa maqati a paljavak. qaw, ka nateveljanga aicu a tjelu a qinaljan sa pinaka ta “比魯” a qinaljan (村). ka 1961 a cavilj, qaw teveljen a paumeli a qinaljan kata “介達” a qinaljan (村) sa izuanga a “介比” a qinaljan (村), ka 1973 a cavilj, sa kiumalji taicu a ngadan ta “正興” a qinaljan (村) a ptjetucu.&lt;ref&gt;http://www.tipp.org.tw/tribe_detail4.asp?City_No=18&amp;TA_No=9&amp;T_ID=396&lt;/ref&gt;

== kaizuanan ==

&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>h3u7ocsnihpqrfxtjwntgcstphed0xw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ljakidjur</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>476</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11374</id>
      <parentid>11160</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-09-23T13:25:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11374</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="749" sha1="3gfyz87nfhbv3z0oi687om7u156kiy7" xml:space="preserve">aicu a '''ljakudjur''', izuazua a kemasi teku tua vecekadan a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], sa masanliawliaw i gaduan kata maruqalu a tjevetjeves a ljaving tua cemecemel aicu a ljakidjur.

== sikakudanan ==
nakemeljanga se[[Paiwan|payuwan]] tua nu macelecel taicu a cemel, uri minvalak kata gacegacel. masa izua a quvis na ljakidjur, saka marekutj tiamadju a mecevung taza ljakidjur nu magadu tiamadju a qemaljup kata qemuma. masa nakemeljanga se[[Paiwan|payuwan]], kumalji a alapen ta qetim na qaynguway sa papucemel taza saqetjuan, inika mesaceqalj taza lemutudan.

== kaizuanan ==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P191。</text>
      <sha1>3gfyz87nfhbv3z0oi687om7u156kiy7</sha1>
    </revision>
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  <page>
    <title>Chunri</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>477</id>
    <redirect title="Kasugagu" />
    <revision>
      <id>7902</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-30T18:02:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sdf pinapapigagiljigilji anga a lisadayan na sapitj kemasi ta [[Chunri]] a patje [[Kasugagu]]：​pinaywanan</comment>
      <origin>7902</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="26" sha1="6xlk3hgu14sxnoncu06ot6dfd9ykk8t" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[Kasugagu]]</text>
      <sha1>6xlk3hgu14sxnoncu06ot6dfd9ykk8t</sha1>
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    <title>Majia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
      <id>7904</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-30T18:07:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sdf pinapapigagiljigilji anga a lisadayan na sapitj kemasi ta [[Majia]] a patje [[Makagu]]：​pinaywanan</comment>
      <origin>7904</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="24" sha1="f7hgxilkn3lo7yzg1mt33ml5jf26ipd" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[Makagu]]</text>
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    <title>Manzhou</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>479</id>
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    <revision>
      <id>7906</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-30T18:09:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sdf pinapapigagiljigilji anga a lisadayan na sapitj kemasi ta [[Manzhou]] a patje [[Vangecul]]：​pinaywanan</comment>
      <origin>7906</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="26" sha1="0p0ynibdgqan7l2ficrhh950of3o27l" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[Vangecul]]</text>
      <sha1>0p0ynibdgqan7l2ficrhh950of3o27l</sha1>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2022-04-30T18:10:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sdf pinapapigagiljigilji anga a lisadayan na sapitj kemasi ta [[Mudan]] a patje [[Sinvaudjan]]：​pinaywanan</comment>
      <origin>7908</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="28" sha1="gn3atqcox6equo63g7qy2ebpfgzl71x" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[Sinvaudjan]]</text>
      <sha1>gn3atqcox6equo63g7qy2ebpfgzl71x</sha1>
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    <title>Sandimen</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2022-04-30T18:16:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sdf pinapapigagiljigilji anga a lisadayan na sapitj kemasi ta [[Sandimen]] a patje [[Tjimur]]：​pinaywanan</comment>
      <origin>7910</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="24" sha1="tffgfmrvwup3g9avk1pzvqv05wpqr83" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[Tjimur]]</text>
      <sha1>tffgfmrvwup3g9avk1pzvqv05wpqr83</sha1>
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    <title>Laiyi</title>
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    <revision>
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      <timestamp>2022-04-30T18:19:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sdf pinapapigagiljigilji anga a lisadayan na sapitj kemasi ta [[Laiyi]] a patje [[Tjaljaqavus]]：​pinaywanan</comment>
      <origin>7912</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="29" sha1="btqurd53kjp82a7xg9t2ezwvumh2bzo" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[Tjaljaqavus]]</text>
      <sha1>btqurd53kjp82a7xg9t2ezwvumh2bzo</sha1>
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  </page>
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    <title>Daren</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <id>7914</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-30T18:20:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sdf pinapapigagiljigilji anga a lisadayan na sapitj kemasi ta [[Daren]] a patje [[Tadren]]：​pinaywanan</comment>
      <origin>7914</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="24" sha1="8r5fk2xz8vhi31zv51chu64nmgfayhy" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[Tadren]]</text>
      <sha1>8r5fk2xz8vhi31zv51chu64nmgfayhy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Taimali</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>484</id>
    <redirect title="Tjavualji" />
    <revision>
      <id>7916</id>
      <timestamp>2022-04-30T18:23:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sdf pinapapigagiljigilji anga a lisadayan na sapitj kemasi ta [[Taimali]] a patje [[Tjavualji]]：​pinaywanan</comment>
      <origin>7916</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="27" sha1="sm6g8d4mz6qs93opgti19hk9sikum3r" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[Tjavualji]]</text>
      <sha1>sm6g8d4mz6qs93opgti19hk9sikum3r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>iyurupu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>485</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12618</id>
      <parentid>12617</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-18T06:01:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12618</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="454" sha1="itzzh0hc33zzx0y8d2lvcumo2pgr36p" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Europe orthographic Caucasus Urals boundary (with borders).svg|right|250px]]
'''iyurupu(歐洲)'''
kinaizuan a itua iyurasiya (Eurasia) a kadjunangan a i pasaviri a papamaw tua tja buru a kadjunangan (Earth) mavan aicu a iyurupu (Europe) a kadjunangan. izua uta a tja siaya a awciu (pinairangan) taza iyurupu a kadjunanagan. a i pasanavalj avan cu a averika (Africa); a i pasakacedas mavan a asiya (Asia).

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>itzzh0hc33zzx0y8d2lvcumo2pgr36p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Ngerenger Kazangiljan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>486</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11121</id>
      <parentid>11095</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-26T18:32:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/83.11.191.203|83.11.191.203]]（[[User talk:83.11.191.203|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>7952</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2215" sha1="rkuczpjn41kltt32tw4z2pc73k3wans" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; | Ngerenger Kazangiljan
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | kisansemenay 
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kangadanan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  林廣財
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljay
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kunian
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Taiwan.svg|25px]] [[Taiwan]] 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1962 (60 a cavilj)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|zuku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |paiwan
|-
|kai
|ciniukukan, pinayuanan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |kaqinaljan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  [[makazayazaya]] i kazangiljan
|-
|}

aicu ti Ngerenger Kazangiljan (ciniukukan: 林廣財, 1952 a caviljan - ), mavan a kisansemenay nua se taiwan, nalemedaw kemasi imaza i [[Qakaw king|akaw]] i makazayazaya a kazangiljan a qinaljan.

ti Ngerenger Kazangiljan avan za mamazangiljan se vuculj imaza i kazangiljan a qinaljan. ka 16 a caviilj ti Ngerenger nakitjuvaday a sema sasaw a mataihuku, sa masengseng pakata semakuc tua nanemanga, venengetj tua tiking kata vaik a qunanuli a kiciqaw a sengsengan uta.

mata luni a 921大地震 aya itjen (ka 1999 a caviljan 9 qiljasan 21 a qadavan), ti Ngerenger nakicapilj tua sengsengan itua 飛魚雲豹音樂工團, kati 胡德夫, 陳主惠, 陳明仁 a mareka salasaladj, avan sika namasengseng tua aza rikudu katua undu patjara timitja a sekacalisian, saka timadju na patagilj a semenay aza senay sicuacuayan a sevuculj. 

== rikudu ==

* 《百年排灣風華再現 原住民頭目音樂專輯》（se kinateveteveljan a 飛魚雲豹音樂工團, ka 2011 a caviljan）

== kazalan ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
!caviljan
!pagaugau ta kazalan a kakudan
!rikudu
!kazalan a ngadan
!namapenetj
|-
|2011
|masansi drusa puluq sa drusa a 金曲獎
|《百年排灣風華再現 原住民頭目音樂專輯》
|tjaljasaiguaqan a kacalisian a kisansemenay 
|namapiliq tua pakaleva
|}</text>
      <sha1>rkuczpjn41kltt32tw4z2pc73k3wans</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Antoni Gaudi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>487</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12374</id>
      <parentid>12373</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-08T06:21:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>ti Antoni Gaudi, 1878</comment>
      <origin>12374</origin>
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      <text bytes="1887" sha1="s85g35qfnfwkg7pv7ompv7nrrcwc2sz" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |Antoni Gaudí i Cornet  
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[sineqetj a vecik:Gaudí (1878).jpg|thumb|ti Antoni Gaudi, 1878|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | seman umaq a cuacau
|-
|style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|ciniukukan
|style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  安東尼 · 高第
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kunian
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |españa (sipanya) 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1852.6.25 (nalemedaw kemasi maza i catalunya a lizuk) 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; | umaq (lemingdjeljan a cavilj)
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [https://sagradafamilia.org/ Sagrada Família] (1882 a caviljan patje tucu)
[https://www.lapedrera.com/ca/prepara-la-visita/contacte-escoles Casa Milà / La Pedrera] (1912 a caviljan)

[https://www.casabatllo.es/ Casa Batlló] (1877 a caviljan)
|-
|}
'''aicu ti Antoni Gaudi''' (catalunya a kai: Antoni Gaudí i Cornet; ciniukukan: 安東尼·高第, 1852 a caviljan 6 a qiljasan 25 a qadavan－1926 a caviljan 6 a qiljasan 10 a qadavan), mavan a seman umaq a caucau nua se españa. aicu a umaq a lalangan nimadju avan za namakakaizuazua a se 加泰隆尼亞現代主義 aya itjen, avan sika timajdu namasan daihiu patjara atalashi a pinapebulay a paridiu a undu (新藝術運動 nua aya). ayatua aza umaq nimadju izua tjaljavaquan, maretimaljimalji a quljaw katua vecikan i vavaw, sa izua sinipungadan tu &quot;seman umaq na se cemas&quot; siayaya. aza umaq nimadju sedjelj imaza i barcelona a lizuk, parutua Sagrada Família aicu a kiukay nase tinsiukiu.

== palikuzan ==

== umaq ==</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>maka kuzulj sa italj a siniuljayan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>488</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12235</id>
      <parentid>12233</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T14:08:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12235</origin>
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      <text bytes="3942" sha1="eli2lvvx7o64ya8r9kfilggtxmbkn4v" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Cassim.jpg|right|250px]]
aicu a '''maka kuzulj sa italj a siniuljayan''' a sinantjaucikelan nua searabik (''Arabic'') nu i natemaliduan a zitay nua arabik. qadjav a kasi 1706 a caviljan a patje 1721 a caviljan, izua a tja sikeljangan tazua tjaucikel a sinipaumaljan a kai nua amilika itua vengin nua searabik (''Arabian Nights'').

inika macidilj a navenecik tazua tjaucikelan. qau kemasi maljian a qinaljan aza navenecik.

==puzugaan tua tjaucikel==
&lt;gallery widths=&quot;168&quot; heights=&quot;200&quot;&gt;
Sultan from arabian nights.jpg|aicu a sultan (The Sultan)
One Thousand and One Nights19.jpg|aicu a sinansunatj tua &quot;maka kuzulj sa italj a siniuljayan&quot;
Harun Al-Rashid and the World of the Thousand and One Nights.jpg|[[Harun ar-Rashid]], a leading character of the 1001 Nights
Sinbad the Sailor (5th Voyage).jpg|sikamasanlimalj a sipasamaza ni sindbad (Sindbad)
Harvey W, 1001 nights (12).jpg|pinatjezan tua vecik a &quot;sikamasanlimalj a sipasamaza ni sinbad (''Es-Sindbad'') a makaljavek&quot; ni wiliam harvi (''William Harvey'') nu i caviljan a 1838–40
Harvey W, 1001 nights (19).jpg|pinatjezan tua vecik a &quot;sitjaucikelan tua lizuk a bras (''Brass'')&quot; ni wiliam harvi (''William Harvey'') nu i caviljan a 1838–40
Harvey W, 1001 nights (11).jpg|[[William Harvey (artist)|William Harvey]], ''The Story of the Two Princes El-Amjad and El-As'ad'', 1838–40, woodcut
Harvey W, 1001 nights (14).jpg|vecik ni wiliam harvi (William Harvey) a pakata milimilingan nua kadjunangan katua kaljavekan ni abd allah (''Abd Allah'')
Harvey W, 1001 nights (3).jpg|[[William Harvey (artist)|wiliam harvi (William Harvey)]], tjaucikel tua rusankiciqaw (''The Story of the Fisherman)'', 1838–40, vinecikan (woodcut)
Gross F, 9. Nacht, 1001 Nacht, Bd 1, 1838.jpg|[[Friedrich Gross]], ante 1830, woodcut
Gross F, 66. Nacht, 1001 Nacht, Bd 1, 1838.jpg|[[Friedrich Gross]], ante 1830, woodcut
Gross F, 72. Nacht, 1001 Nacht, Bd 1, 1838.jpg|[[Friedrich Gross]], ante 1830, woodcut
Gross F, 269. Nacht, 1001 Nacht, Bd 2, 1839.jpg|[[Friedrich Gross]], ante 1830, woodcut
Gross F, 436. Nacht, 1001 Nacht, Bd 2, 1839.jpg|[[Friedrich Gross]], ante 1830, woodcut
Gross F, 231. Nacht, 1001 Nacht, Bd 1, 1838.jpg|[[Friedrich Gross]], ante 1830, woodcut
Gross F, 251. Nacht, 1001 Nacht, Bd 2, 1839.jpg|[[Friedrich Gross]], ante 1830, woodcut
Gross F, 109. Nacht, 1001 Nacht, Bd 1, 1838.jpg|[[Friedrich Gross]], ante 1830, woodcut
Brangwyn, Arabian Nights, Vol 3, 1896 (1).jpg|[[Frank Brangwyn]], ''Story of Abon-Hassan the Wag'' (&quot;He found himself upon the royal couch&quot;), 1895–96, watercolour and tempera on millboard
Brangwyn, Arabian Nights, Vol 1, 1896 (2).jpg|[[Frank Brangwyn]], &quot;tjinaucikel tua rusanpaveli&quot; (''Story of the Merchant'') ni siherizadj (''Sheherezade''), 1895–96, watercolour and tempera on millboard
Brangwyn, Arabian Nights, Vol 4, 1896 (1).jpg|[[Frank Brangwyn]], ''Story of Ansal-Wajooodaud, Rose-in-Bloom'' (&quot;The daughter of a Visier sat at a lattice window&quot;), 1895–96, watercolour and tempera on millboard
Brangwyn, Arabian Nights, Vol 5, 1896 (2).jpg|[[Frank Brangwyn]], ''Story of Gulnare'' (&quot;The merchant uncovered her face&quot;), 1895–96, watercolour and tempera on millboard
Brangwyn, Arabian Nights, Vol 5,1896 (3).jpg|[[Frank Brangwyn]], ''Story of Beder Basim'' (&quot;Whereupon it became eared corn&quot;), 1895–96, watercolour and tempera on millboard
Brangwyn, Arabian Nights, Vol 6, 1896 (4).jpg|[[Frank Brangwyn]], ''Story of Abdalla'' (&quot;Abdalla of the sea sat in the water, near the shore&quot;), 1895–96, watercolour and tempera on millboard
Brangwyn, Arabian Nights, Vol 3, 1896 (5).jpg|[[Frank Brangwyn]], ''Story of Mahomed Ali'' (&quot;He sat his boat afloat with them&quot;), 1895–96, watercolour and tempera on millboard
Brangwyn, Arabian Nights, Vol 4, 1896 (6).jpg|[[Frank Brangwyn]], ''Story of the City of Brass'' (&quot;They ceased not to ascend by that ladder&quot;), 1895–96, watercolour and tempera on millboard
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==kasizuan==</text>
      <sha1>eli2lvvx7o64ya8r9kfilggtxmbkn4v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>barcelona a lizuk</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>490</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11781</id>
      <parentid>10407</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-02-10T21:05:14Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>YiFeiBot</username>
        <id>1118</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: Migrating 1 langlinks, now provided by [[d:|Wikidata]] on [[d:q1492]]</comment>
      <origin>11781</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5355" sha1="fpm8n1fsvnpb20yr6xlk9ozv98uydcf" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|'''barcelona'''
catalunya a lizuk
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[File:Evening light over Barcelona.jpg|center|313x313px]]aza siljizavan i barcelona a lizuk numasulesulem ka 2015 a caviljan
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[File:Sagrada Familia 8-12-21 (1)modified.jpg|thumb|center|Sagrada Família a kiukay ]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[File:169 Casa Milà (la Pedrera), pg. de Gràcia 92 - c. Provença (Barcelona).jpg|thumb|center|Casa Milà a umaq ]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[File:Barcelona - Arc de Triomf (2).JPG|thumb|center|sinan drukudrukung a paljing ]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|España/sipanya
|-
|zuma a ngadan
|Ciudad Condal, 
Ciutat Comtal (City of Counts), Barna, BCN
|-
|sepaljavak
|Ciutat Vella, ​Eixample,​Sants-Montjuïc, ​Les Corts,​Gràcia, ​Nou Barris, ​Horta-Guinardó, ​Sant Andreu,​Sarrià-Sant Gervasi, Sant Martí
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[File:Barcelona-loc.svg|thumb|center|aza barcelona imaza i pinuljavakan a catalunya (qudjidji a pinakeljang)]]
|-
|sihu

-kamakama

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan
|
-Ada Colau 

-catalunya a kimadju a rarasudjan a sihu

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan
|803 km² (izua 101.9 km² i vecekadan a lizuk)
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|tapuluq sa drusa a maru vavavan tadjekuacan (12m)
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na caucau 

-i vecekadan a sikataqaljan

-mavalidan
|
-3,218,071 a caucau 

-1,621,537 a caucau i vecekadan a hici

(2009 a cavilj)

-15,991 a caucau/km² 
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|08001–08080
|-
|linraku pasa wanlu
|[https://www.barcelona.cat/ca/ www.barcelona.cat]
|}

barcelona（catalunya a kai：Barcelona, sipanya a kai：Barcelona, ciniukukan：巴塞隆納）avan ca lizuk nua i catalunya a sihu nua se sipanya. imaza i pasakacedas a viri tua Ibérica a kadjunangan （伊比利半島 nua aya）, aza lizuk nakicevung ta ljavek pinaka 地中海. izua tu kimaya itaiday sa umen puluq a kudravan a caucau imaza i vecekadan tua hici, au izua kimaya lima taiday a kudravan a cuacau imaza i pinaljavakan tua barcelona a penuljat. avan nu sangasangasan a lizuk itua catalunya a kadjunangan. izua seman hulic a kikay, remasudj a kilalaing ta kakudan a gimeng, kutu huing katua tjaljavavavan a kamakama a gimeng nalemingdjelj imaza. ka 1999 a caviljan aza zashi pinaka《國家地理雜誌》nase amilika napiniliq tua aicu a barcelona a kadjunangan masan tua tjara maqati a semamaza a kivangavang itua matja lima puluq a kivangvangan i kacauan. 

kasicuayan aicu a barcelona a kadjunangan nalemingdjelj pasa tua sivitai nase Carthage（迦太基 nua aya） ti Hannibal Barca nimadju a kama ti Hamilcar Barca, tazua avan nu kadjunagnan nase mamazangiljan ti comtes de Barcelona katua pinaljavakan nase Aragón a kunian（1035－1707 a caviljan）. lja izua liaw a sicuayan a umaq katua maretimalji a kakudan a kivangvangan imaza i barcelona, tjatjuruvu a caucau tjengelay a mangetjez a remayurangan imaza. manu izua mareka umaq namasan tua sauzayan i kacauan parutua umaq ni [[Antoni Gaudi|Antoni Gaudí]] katua ni Lluís Domènech i Montaner. ayatua ti [[Antoni Gaudi|Gaudí]] nasikavaljut katua masengseng imaza, avan sika izua liaw a umaq se [[Antoni Gaudi|Antoni Gaudí]] parutua Sagrada Família a [[kiukay]], Palau Güell katua Park Güell a kivangvangan. izua sinipukeljang a matja drusa a kinateveteveljan pakatua undu a sakulan a djemakedjaka ta bulu pinaka Barça （Futbol Club Barcelona）katua Reial Club Deportiu Espanyol, au aicu a Barça avan nu tjalja pungadangadan a kinateveteveljan a sakulan a djemakedjaka ta bulu i kacauan.

== cinalivatan ==

== kadjunangan ==

== kalevelevan ==
aza kalevelevan imaza i barcelona avan a 地中海式氣候 nua aya, tjevetjeveng sa maseljec i kaljavuceleljan, au semezam katua tjemetad i kaljazalangzangan. tjaljaljaljeqel nu icigac katua nigac, a ljemita qadaw papamaw a sezaman tu 10℃. saka kedrikedi a semulja i barcelona. nu izua semulja a qadaw, kipuvarung a kiruku. au tjalja semezam nu sicigac katua hacigac, a ljemita qadaw papamaw a sezaman tu 25℃. katjaisangas izua vinecikan tu 38.6℃ a likisi imaza i lizulizuk. 

kasicuayan aza roma a caucau nalemingdjelj taicu a kadjunangan, izua kimaya drusa a kuzulj a cavilj patje tucu, mavanga tjaljapukeljangan a hici itua cinalivatan nua se sipanya. izua anan aza milimilingan patjara tua kasicuayan kimaya drusa a kuzulj a cavilj, izua tu ita qadaw, aza sicuacuayan a roma a mareka varukur na djemaljun imaza i ljaviljaving ta ljavek i barcelona, uzai a caucau naljevavaw ta sikamasan sivalj a varukur sa na pennetj a sikavaljut. avan sika tucu a ngadan na kemasi aicu a varukur pinaka &quot;Barca Novena&quot; nase sicuayan a roma a kai. ui angata tu aicu a vecik qivu tu Barcelona a siayaya. mayanaga  izua a kai na qivu tu azua ngadan kemasi tua tatekelan ta vawa（BAR）, kalevelevan（CEL）katua viqviq（ONA）matevetevelj aicu a tjelu a vecik. ayatua izua liawliaw a tatekelan imaza i barcelona a lizuk, nu seleman, tjatjurvu a sikataqaljan namaqepu imaza a temekel sa maljavaljavar.  au izua bulay angata a qadaw katua qaca a qadaw nu kaljazalangzangan, nu seleman itua pitju a miligan, izua anan a qadaw i vavaw ta kalevelevan, temeljaran aravac angata.  

== caucau ==

== siubai ==

== sinupuan ==

== kakudan ==

== namakakaizuazua a umaq ==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>tjanaq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>491</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11860</id>
      <parentid>11415</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-03-10T17:44:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>WikiBayer</username>
        <id>239</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11860</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1155" sha1="5ekktmjr3upew1en4uq476ec5qli2bs" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:食茱萸.jpg|縮圖|334x334像素|tjanaq]]
a pinaka ta “tjana” uta. 
masanliawliaw aicu a kasiw i chuku, [[ripun]] kata iteku tua vecekadan a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. kasicuyan, izuaga a ljautia a malap taicu a kasiw a sipucemel kata namanguaq.
qaw izuazua a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] nua nataw(南島) iteku tua vecekadan a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], uri temaletalem taicu a tjanaq tiamadju idedet tua umaq, qaw masa aza ngadan nua aicu a kasiw mamau ta kai a “tana” aya, sa qadjaw aza kipacacapilj aicu a kasiw kata [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] nua nataw.

== sikakudanan ==
uri cempis ta ledjeledje a asav na tjanaq a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] tua kemesakesa, qaw nu kemesa taicu a asav kata dingding, tjaljasanguaq angata. nu kaljapen taza kapaz nua tjanaq, maqati a sipucemel tua saqetjuan na qaljis. qaw saceqalj kata vucelay a kasiw na tjanaq, sa madjulu a kali, saka maqati a masan tua ceqeljap aicu a kasiw.

== kasizuanan ==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P211。</text>
      <sha1>5ekktmjr3upew1en4uq476ec5qli2bs</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Camake de Feisingtusi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>493</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12605</id>
      <parentid>12604</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-17T18:19:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>pinapapilipiliqan</comment>
      <origin>12605</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="825" sha1="ry3792v2bb5nxzattu2934nj29e88wk" xml:space="preserve">'''Camakedefeisingtusi'''(查馬克的飛行土司) avan [[tiribi dorama]] i [[taiwan]]. inalang tua [[tiribi na kacalisian]].

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

==dorama(劇情簡介)==
&lt;!--
改編自牡丹鄉真人故事，是一部以關懷原住民弱勢家庭為出發點的戲劇。
劇中描寫一名排灣族男孩查馬克，他的父親在工作上經常遭到挫折因而酗酒，查馬克便成為被暴力相向的對象。每當痛苦的時刻來到，查馬克就會進入到他的異想世界，搭乘像魔毯一樣大的土司，展開尋找一個流著蜂蜜與牛奶的部落之旅。--&gt;
*[https://www.ipcf.org.tw/zh-TW/Program/Program_Detail?programID=21092316084437942&amp;categoryID=21080616355616168 tiribi na kacalisian - 查馬克的飛行土司] 

[[pinapapilipiliqan:tiribi]] 
[[pinapapilipiliqan:taiwan]]</text>
      <sha1>ry3792v2bb5nxzattu2934nj29e88wk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Kiparuk tua ramaji</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>494</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12603</id>
      <parentid>8008</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-17T18:19:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12603</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="585" sha1="erfgkhnhdm87ey7zaem0ty8h50tqczz" xml:space="preserve">'''Kiparuk tua ramaji'''(和漂流木私奔) avan [[tiribi dorama]] i [[taiwan]]. inalang tua [[tiribi na kacalisian]].

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

==dorama(劇情簡介)==
&lt;!--
人的一生中，知己會有幾個？有人說會有三個，有人說只會有一個，如果你連一個都沒有，那就是你的問題。我沒有問題，因為我有一個，他叫做古流……--&gt;
*[https://www.ipcf.org.tw/zh-TW/Program/Program_Detail?programID=21092316041919277&amp;categoryID=21080616355616168 tiribi na kacalisian - 和漂流木私奔] 
[[Category:tiribi]] 
[[Category:taiwan]]</text>
      <sha1>erfgkhnhdm87ey7zaem0ty8h50tqczz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Pucevuljan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>495</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12600</id>
      <parentid>11134</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-17T18:18:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12600</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="805" sha1="mj5m81zthw9isxqi4rili14gn03qjvd" xml:space="preserve">'''Pucevuljan'''(煙起的地方) avan [[tiribi dorama]] i [[taiwan]]. inalang tua [[tiribi na kacalisian]].

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

==dorama(劇情簡介)==
&lt;!--
故事描述屏東部落中，排灣族「靈媒」文化即將凋落。一位在城市具有醫生執照的裘布朗，在醫院巧遇兒時同伴少尼瑤。陰錯陽差的兩人紛紛回到部落中，用科學的方式、母語教學等力量開設「靈媒訓練班」，儘管受到具有「靈媒」身份的家族長輩所排斥，但眾人漸漸成為後盾力量，讓碩果僅存的「靈媒」得以繼續傳承。
--&gt;
*[https://www.ipcf.org.tw/zh-TW/Program/Program_Detail?programID=21082706014092682&amp;categoryID=21080616355616168 tiribi na kacalisian - 煙起的地方 pucevuljan] 
[[Category:tiribi]] 
[[Category:taiwan]]</text>
      <sha1>mj5m81zthw9isxqi4rili14gn03qjvd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Picul (tiribi)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>496</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12601</id>
      <parentid>10291</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-17T18:18:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12601</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1126" sha1="6h27rig24v05rh3hzokrg1f7pupq7ro" xml:space="preserve">'''Picul'''(球勝青春) avan [[tiribi dorama]] i [[taiwan]]. inalang tua [[tiribi na kacalisian]].

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

==dorama(劇情簡介)==
&lt;!--
改編自屏東縣內高中的真人真事，以排灣族為主的原住民組成黑潮籃球隊，在身高劣勢、設備經費不足的情況下，遇到對籃球充滿信念、極其嚴格的排灣族教練-陳力凱。

在火爆教練力凱的帶領下，堅持、努力、直闖不棄的精神打破了現實潛則，第一次參加比賽的他們，竟一路過關斬將，挺進決賽，爭奪縣運高中組冠亞軍！過程中球員與教練擁有相愛相殺的革命情感，教練更意外與不沾鍋領隊高曉溪老師產生微妙曖昧，故事充滿歡笑與淚水。

黑潮經過之處，生機無限廣納萬物，如同黑潮籃球隊一樣，融合黑潮精神以及生生不息的力量，寫下高中籃球史上感動人心的篇章。
--&gt;
*[https://www.ipcf.org.tw/zh-TW/Program/Program_Detail?programID=21081617415576037&amp;categoryID=21080616355616168 tiribi na kacalisian - Picul球勝青春] 
[[Category:tiribi]] 
[[Category:taiwan]]</text>
      <sha1>6h27rig24v05rh3hzokrg1f7pupq7ro</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ljaves</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>497</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10924</id>
      <parentid>10907</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T13:01:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.230.38|79.163.230.38]]（[[User talk:79.163.230.38|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:1234qwer1234qwer4|1234qwer1234qwer4]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>8014</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="746" sha1="l8fozr1b1v43uzdipo445w5z2aebbix" xml:space="preserve">a tinalem aicu a ljaves izua i namasanculjuculju a amilika kasicuayan, qaw tucu, namasunliawliaw a ljaves i navalj tua chuku, gadugaduan kata lizukan a kadjunangan na [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. masa mamau ta qaljic na kasiw a djaqas aicu a ljaves, sa pinaka ta djapac i kinzang, a pinaka ta vanatj i virilj, qaw pinaka ta ljaves i kacedas.

== sikakudanan ==
uri cempis ta asav na ljaves a payuwan tua papucemel ta saqetju a vicuka kata remudud a tjiyalj, sa uri puqatia sa keman taza asav na ljaves a payuwan. qaw uri sansiaven aicu a asav na ljaves na payuwan tua papucemel ta saqetju a tjitalj.

== kasizuanan ==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P244。</text>
      <sha1>l8fozr1b1v43uzdipo445w5z2aebbix</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>paris</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>498</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12246</id>
      <parentid>12245</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T14:18:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* iga */sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12246</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="7925" sha1="o9txga107wyt4muc1azucipqmlmoq7w" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; align=right border width=&quot;200&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=center|paris
vurangse a lizuk
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[File:Eiffel Tower from the Tour Montparnasse, 1 May 2012 N2.jpg|thumb|center|nu qezemetj a siljizavan i paris  ]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[File:The Musée dOrsay at sunset, Paris July 2013.jpg|thumb|center|nu masulem aza siljizavan i seine a pana katua Orsay a umaq ]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[File:Notre Dame de Paris depuis l'IMA, 01 janvier 2014.jpg|thumb|center|azua siljizavan i dedet tua Notre Dame a kiukay nase tinsiukiu  ]]
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot;|[[File:Paris Montmartre Blick aufs Centre Georges-Pompidou.jpg|thumb|center|izua [[Centre Georges-Pompidou a umaq|Pompidou]] a umaq i vecekadan ]]
|-
|na tjaivavaw a sihu a kinapangaljan a paljavak
|vurangse
|-
|sepaljavak
|matja 20 cy(區) i vecekadan a paris a lizuk
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |[[File:Paris department land cover location map.svg|thumb|center|izua aza seine a pana cemalivat tua paris a lizuk   ]]
|-
|sihu

-kamakama

-remasudj a kilalaing takakudan a pacaqan
|
-Anne Hidalgo 

-vurangse

|-
|pulingetjan nua  kadjunangan
|2,853.5 km² (izua 105.4   km² i vecekadan a lizuk)
(2020 a caviljan)
|-
|kinamamamawan tua vavavan nua gadu
|28 patje131 a maru vavavan tadjekuacan 
|-
|caucau
-pipenuljatan na caucau 

-i vecekadan a sikataqaljan

-mavalidan
|
-10,785,092 a caucau 

-2,187,526 a caucau i vecekadan a hici

(2017 a caviljan)

-21,000 a caucau/km² 
|-
|taqaljaqaljan
|''Parisien'' (uqaljai), ''Parisienne'' (vavayan)
|-
|pukeljang a venecikan na takakudan a umaq a sihu
|75001-75020, 75116
|-
|linraku pasa wanlu
|[https://www.paris.fr/ www.paris.fr]
|}

aicu a paris（vurangse a kai：Paris；ciniukukan：巴黎）avan ca sangasangasan a lizuk katua tjaljavavavan a sihu a kaizuanan i pinaljavakan nua se vurangse. avan uta aza a vecekadan a kaizuanan patjara sikudakudan. au aicu a paris a hici kaimaza i pinu i 法蘭西島大區 a tjaljaveqeveqan a paris 省 nua aya. avan sika tucu aicu a kadjunangan nua se paris a vecekadan mavan a i taladj tua sicuyan a upu a paris (izua aza tjaqacavan a djalan palingulj i sasaw tua paris a lizuk a kadjunangan). saka nu pasusu tua aicu cinalivatan a pinaljavakan nua se paris izuanga 20 a cy, inika maumalj kemasi 1860 a cavilj patje tucu. au patje 2018 a caviljan, izua paselaw tu 215 a kudravan a taqaljaqaljan imaza. izua kimaya 1,300 a kudravan a caucau uta imaza i paris a lizuk a kadjunangan a penuljat (巴黎都會區 nua aya) mavan ita tjaljaqacavan a hici nua i [[iyurupu|iyurupu]] (歐洲 nua aya).

ka tjaisangas kimaya 1,000 a cavilj tuazua, aza paris avan nu tjaljaqacavan a hici imaza i europe, avan uta tjalja sangasan a hici i kacauan (kemasi 1500 a cavilj patje 1900 a cavilj). au tucu avan a sinan pazangal a vecekadan patjara sinkiw katua bunka i kacauan, izua mareka ikiw parutua sinupuan, kivangavang, situcunan a lalangan, keci a saliman, iga, pinapebulay a paridiu katua siubay a maretimalji a sengsengsan i kacauan. izua aza pacugan na qivu tu New York, London, Tokyo, Hong Kong katua paris avan ca lima a tjaljaqaca a hici i kacauan sicuayan siayaya. lja izua mareka kinateveteveljan nasa kaigugu a umaq nalemingdjelj imaza i paris,  izua kinateveteveljan a 聯合國教科文組織, kinateveteveljan a 經濟合作與發展組織, kinateveteveljan a 國際商會 katua kinateveteveljan a 巴黎俱樂部.  

paris avan a tjalja nanguaq a kadjunangan patjara temalem mareka cemel katua kasiw nua i europe avan sika na sedjeljep tu caucau a kivaljutan imaza,  saka tauta tjalja pazangalan a sisikac imaza a hici nua i kacauan.  imaza i paris katua vurangse a qacavan a cy (法蘭西島大區nua aya) matja drusa a kadjunangan nakinipaysu izua 1/4 a sipavay ta kuka. izua tu 5,521 a laulavan a europe a paysu ka 2009 a caviljan tuazua. saka izua 33 a tjaljapazangal sa tjaljapungadanan a kuba na lemingdjelj ta umaq sedjelj a imaza i La Défense a kadjunangan. au izua tjaliaw a sinupuan a kikang namatevetevelj imaza. izua kimaya 4,200 a kudravan a caucau nakivangvang a semamaza lemita a cavilj, avan sika paris namasan tjaljatjuruvuan a taqaljaqalja a hici i kacauan.  tucu izua 3,800 a kunian a sauzayan katua sepatj a sauzayan nasekacauan. ka 1989 a caviljan paris napapungadan tua &quot;bunka a hici&quot; i europe. ka 2014 a caviljan tuazua paris avan a sikamasan tjeljulj a hici i kacauan.   

== ngadan ==

== cinalivatan ==

== kadjunangan ==

== caucau ==

== sikacu ==

== kilalaing takakudan ==

== sikakudan ==

=== drikiki a umaq ===
pakatua tjaqacavan a drikiki a umaq avan nu Opéra garnier a umaq katua Opéra bastille a umaq, aicu a Opéra garnier na lemingdjelj anga ka 1875 a caviljan. au izuanga matja drusa a drikiki a umaq tuazua ka 1850 a cavilj, mavan ljaicu a Opera Comique(法國喜歌劇院 nua aya) katua Théâtre Lyrique(國家歌劇院 nua aya). izua tjuruvu a kisansemenay na semenay  imaza, parutua Maurice Chevalier, Georges Brassens, Charles Aznavour katua Édith Piaf. ljemita a cavilj izua mareka palisian i paris, parutua seman taliduan pinaka 塞納河搖滾節 nua aya. 
[[sineqetj a vecik:Palais Garnier.jpg|thumb|center|aza Opéra Garnier imaza i paris a lizuk i sikamasan valulj a cy ]]

=== iga ===
izua liaw a iga nua se paris sinan pazangal i kacauan, lja izua tjuruvu a seman iga a caucau na mumalj anga taicu a iga nua se paris, parutua Jean-Luc Godard, Claude Lelouch, François Roland Truffaut, Claude Chabrol katua Luc Besson. izua tjuruvu a igakang paqaqarut i maza i paris, lja mareka zazianan katua ung-gaku a umaq na pavalitan tua igakang ka 1930 a cavilj a patagilj.

izua tjuruvu a iga na pasasing manu temaucikel tua milimilingan pakamaza, parutua《midnight in paris》se Woody Allen ,《Moulin Rouge》se Baz Luhrmann,《The Da Vinci Code》 se Ron Howard katua 《Amélie》se Jean-Pierre Jeunet. au izua aza zuga a iga pinaka《Ratatouille》se Pixar Animation Studios a kuba, a milimilingan itua patarevan na pacacapilj tua paris a kadjunangan.
[[sineqetj a vecik:20051018Épicerie d'Amélie Poulain 2.jpg|thumb|center|aicu a siubay paveli tua kudamunu na tjevuta itua iga pinaka《Amélie》se Jean-Pierre Jeunet  ]]

=== remayurangan ===
kemasi 1848 a caviljan, paris namasan tua vecekadan itua punuljat a kisiya a djalan nua se vurangse. patje 1889 a caviljan tuazua aza [[vatjuljayan a papukakeljanganan]] (巴黎鐵塔 nua aya) naqemacuvung anga imaza itua palisian pinaka 世界博覽會 nua aya, aicu a vurangse namasan tua papungadan a kunian i kacauan. ljemita cavilj izua kimaya 2,800 a kudravan a qaljaqalja na kivangavang imaza i vecekadan a hici (au imaza i paris a lizuk izua kimaya 4,200 a kudravan a qaljaqalja), izua sedjelj a 1,700 a kudravan a caucau kemasi gaikuku, avan sika paris namasan tua hici izua tjatjuruvuan a caucau namangtjez a remayurangan. manu a niamdju kinatjengelayan a kadjunangan avan nu saseqetjan ta paridiu a sicuacuayan a nanemanga umaq katua kipaqentjan a umaq. sa ljemita cavilj izua paselaw tu 800 a kudravan a caucau semamaza i [[louvre a umaq]], ui angata tu masan tua sangasangasan a sicuacuayan a nanemanga a umaq izua  tjaljatjuruvuan a qaljaqalja na semekez imaza. au pakatua kiukay imaza, aza Notre-Dame de Paris a kiukay katua Sacré-Cœur a kiukay ljaicu a matjadrusa a kiukay izua tu 1,200 a kudravan katua 800 a kudravan a caucau semamaza ljemita cavilj. sa pakatua [[vatjuljayan a papukakeljanganan]], izua paselaw tu 600 a kudravan a caucau ljemita cavilj, kemasi lemingedjeljan patje tucu izuanga drusa a laulavan mangetjez imaza. sa aicu a kivangvangan pinaka Disneyland izua paselaw tu 1,450 a kudravan a caucau ljemita cavilj. au izua a umaq pinaka Versailles imaza i pasakaledep a navalj nua paris, kemasi 1682 a caviljan patje 1789 a caviljan, avan nu kamakama a umaq, au ka 1979 a caviljan napiniliq tua bunka a sauzayan se kacauan.

== undu ==

== siljizavan i lizuk ==

=== umaq ===

== sinupuan ==

== siakai ==

== sipacacikelan ==

== mareqali i gaikuku ==</text>
      <sha1>o9txga107wyt4muc1azucipqmlmoq7w</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>ptt</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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    <revision>
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      <parentid>11123</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-02-10T21:05:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>YiFeiBot</username>
        <id>1118</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: Migrating 1 langlinks, now provided by [[d:|Wikidata]] on [[d:q7121048]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="957" sha1="mx37l01kft2rx17a4h2vl4ryqko65d4" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Pttlogin.png|right|250px]]
aza '''ptt''' (PTT; a tja kineljang uta mavan a &lt;small&gt;批踢踢實業坊&lt;/small&gt; katua &lt;small&gt;批踢踢&lt;/small&gt; tua cinuikukan/tinailikuan) nu aya itjen avan a sinipakaljangas a kakaljavaran (aza BBS a tja siaya uta) nua i [[Taiwan|tayuan]]. izua tjatjuruvu tua 1,500,000 a nakipuvecik itua ptt tucu.

==cinalivatan==
nakitjuveqac ti Ethan Tu (&lt;small&gt;杜奕瑾&lt;/small&gt;) a kisansemupu i taigaku nua tayuan tua ptt tazua ka qadavan a 14 sa qiljasan a 9 nua i caviljan a 1995. sirasurasudj nimadju a tinagiljang a vecik a Linux tua ptt itua ljingasan a bbs. sangasangasan a kisanlemaing tua za ptt timadju tazua.&lt;ref&gt;[https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/breakingnews/1356201 「創世神」談PTT生態 鄉民：上古宅神！]. 自由時報. 2015-06-22 [2015-12-08]. （原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20210112103057/https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/breakingnews/1356201 存檔]於2021-01-12）.&lt;/ref&gt;

==kasizuan==</text>
      <sha1>mx37l01kft2rx17a4h2vl4ryqko65d4</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ariki</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>500</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12215</origin>
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      <text bytes="2210" sha1="tbyal0po3at6pyph1ompv9sgkh6fx4e" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Makea Karika Tavaki with Ngati Karaka elders.jpg|thumb|right|250px|semakiya karika (Makea Karika) a qinaljan nua i rarutunga (Rarotonga) a nakilailaingan a ariki (naqemiladj) katua zumanga a mamazangiljan niamadju.]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:Cook Islands Ariki.JPG|thumb|right|250px|]]
aza '''ariki''' nu aya itjen mavan a siaya tua kisanpaljavak tua qinaljan nua i [[pulinisiya]].&lt;ref&gt;Hale, Horatio (1846). [https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=yRvZM3mN-U4C&amp;redir_esc=y United States Exploring Expedition During the Years 1838, 1839, 1840, 1841, 1842: Ethnography and Philology]. Vol. 6. Philadelphia: Printed C. Sherman. p. 294.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[m:en:Abraham Fornander|Fornander, Abraham]]; Stokes, John F. G. (1885). [https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=K4alXc-7IicC&amp;redir_esc=y An Account of the Polynesian Race]. Vol. 3. London: Trübner &amp; Company. pp. 55–56.&lt;/ref&gt; namaya tua mamazangiljan nua itjen a payauan aicu a ariki. manu maretimalji a sikakaiyan nua mareka qinaljan tuazua ariki. matu ariki aya tiamadju a sikataqaljan i nakitjukadjunangan a kuk (Cook Islands) katua niwzilend. nia sikataqaljan i rapa nui (Easter Island) mavan a ꞌariki.

(E)

nu maqati a masan malailaing sa paljavak tua taqaljaqaljan, masa patjara tua katjepiculan niamadju. ini’a amin a masa ljaima tiamadju, avan a masa izua a kinasamuljan kata pinakazuanan niamadju uta, sa maqati a maqulip auta. nu ini’a pucawcawanga sa ini’a katjepiculananga uta, qaw qadjaw a maqati a ini’a a paljavak tua cawcau tiamadju.&lt;ref&gt;Hunt, Errol (2003). [https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=5akbBi6sso8C&amp;pg=PA10&amp;redir_esc=y Rarotonga &amp; the Cook Islands]. Lonely Planet. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-74059-083-9.&lt;/ref&gt;

(F)

napaljavak a ariki tua “tapu”(aicu a tjaljapazangalan) sa mepupicul tiamadju. ljawa izua a karakudakuda a sinukuz, qaw maqati a penenetj a ariki sa izua a liaw a katjepiculan niamadju. avan aicu a katjepiculan, sa kisusu tjayamadju a taqaljaqaljan sa ini’a qemadilj a ariki a paljavak tua cawcau.&lt;ref&gt;Hunt, Errol (2003). [https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=5akbBi6sso8C&amp;pg=PA10&amp;redir_esc=y Rarotonga &amp; the Cook Islands]. Lonely Planet. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-74059-083-9.&lt;/ref&gt;

==kasizuan==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>tbyal0po3at6pyph1ompv9sgkh6fx4e</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Hu Tai-Li</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Dradran</username>
        <id>857</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
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      <text bytes="2456" sha1="49f35bw63w5mflvj9xb96xmr9380nrc" xml:space="preserve">{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot; width=&quot;300&quot; border=&quot;&quot; align=&quot;right&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|Hu Tai-Li
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center&quot;|[[File:Hu Tai-Li in 2015 TIBE.jpg|250px]]
|-
|sinipualjakan
|i  taihuku na taiwan, ka 1950 a cavilj a sangacu saka tapuluq sa ita a qadavan.
|-
|namacay
|ka 2022 a cavilj kata gugacu saka pitju a qadavan.( pitju a puluq saka  drusanga a cavilj.)
|-
|kinituluanan
|hakasi
|-
|kasicuayan  a gakku 
|紐約市立大學研究院人類學碩士、博士

國立臺灣大學歷史學系學士
|-
|sipapungadan
|semasing tua cinakivatan sa masan ta iga kata  kinkiu ta pinacunan na kakudan. 
|-
|valjaw
|李惠正
|-
|kinituluanan  nua nasi
|
|-
|nakitulutulu  tanema?
|kinkiu ta pinacunan na kakudan
|-
|sengsengan
|masan  ta malailaing nua 民族學研究所
|}

'''Hu Tai-Li(胡台麗)'''
Hu Tai-Li, kemasi taihuku, sinipualjak ka 1950 a cavilj kata sangacu saka tapuluq sa ita a qadavan, sa vinaikan ka 2022 a cavilj kata gugacu saka pitju a qadavan. izua sengsengan tua kinkiu ta kakudan nua [[Taiwan|taiwan]], kata semasing tua cinalivatan sa masan ta iga. nakinkinkiu a sengsengan nimadju i 中央研究院民族學研究所.

== kinituluanan ==
ka kitjalanga ti Hu Tai-Li a kemasi daigaku a 國立臺灣大學 i taihaku tua kitulu ta likisi, sa semupu ta hakasi i daigaku a 紐約市立大學研究院. qaw nakinkinkiu a sengsengan nimadju i中央研究院民族學研究所 ka 1979 a cavilj a patjetucu. ka 2015 a cavilj, namasan malailaing nua 民族學研究所 timadju.

nakinkinkiu timadju tua:

kakudan kata cawcau

pinacunan itua kakudan

venecik tua kakudan nua taiwan

papukeljang a kakudan

palisian kata sikeljangan

kakudan nua palisian

== semasing tua cinalivatan sa masa ta iga ==
a tjaljasangasangasang a cawcau ti Hu Tai-Li a semasing ta cinalivatan kata kakudan nua taiwan, sa izuanga a iga a 《穿過婆家村》nimadju ka 1997 a cavilj, mavan a tjaljasangasangasang a iga a sinivecik tua cinalivatan nua taiwan. qaw izua uta a liaw a iga nimadju a pinakalevan nua kuni kata valjaka.

== tacemekeljan ==
a kama ni Hu Tai-Li a 胡為一, kemasi chuku a sanghay(上海), sa kicual timadju taza qadupu a 《摩爾門經》i ljemautian. ti kina ni Tai-Li a kemasi chuku a ciangsi(江西). a valjaw ni Hu Tai-Li a 李惠正 mavan a sinsi na daigaku a 東海大學美術系, izua a macidilj a aljak niamadju.

== kaizuanan ==
1.維基百科-胡台麗，https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%83%A1%E5%8F%B0%E9%BA%97。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>valjingat</title>
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      <text bytes="856" sha1="78tqzgqv7msb5s7wmul64m1j6n53bvj" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Alpinia intermedia.jpg|縮圖|280x280像素|valjingat]]
izuazua a valjingat i teku tua cemecemel, sa tjakedri tua ngat a kasiw. aza ngadan a pacugan na valjingat mavan a “kedri, valji”, sa tjakedri aicu a kasiw tua ngat, qaw mamau ta valji aza asav na valjingat, inika masili sa tjabulay a masan tua semankucu.

== sikakudanan ==
nu malitjuku a qiljas, uri tjepana a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] tua kiqiyaw, qaw liawliaw a djepelang i qaciljay itua pana, sa nu ini’a saljinga ta seqedralus sa saqetjuqetju, nuri kemucukucu tua kacu a sinan na valjingat tiamadju. 

aicu a purur a sinan na valjingat, tjasulapelj a purur a sinan na ngat, ljawa tjacaucauy kata tjapazangal a cemupucempu.

== kaizuanan ==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P74。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>sekazu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>503</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11863</id>
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      <timestamp>2023-03-10T17:44:21Z</timestamp>
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      <text bytes="818" sha1="kwypgw7u4f0nrvwfoqjona0lmkw2cac" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Magnolia compressa 01.jpg|縮圖|325x325像素|sekazu]]
izuazua a '''sekazu''' i ripun, riwkiyu kata i vecekadan a kemasi teku ta sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], qaw mavanga a paka limai a punecevi tu ljitalj a tjaljapazangalan a kasiw itua [[Taiwan|taiwan]].

== sikakudanan ==
caljeqil aicu a kasiw a sekazu sa tjaljananguaqan a san qaselu, valanga, lanupic kata [[qungcuy]]. qaw nanguaqan a san sialangan uta.

izua i umaqan na [[mamazangiljan]], aza sasuayan, sialangan, qerengan kata cukes na umaq nua sevalitan, izua a cawcau katua vulungan a vencikan kasicuacuayan, sa aicu a kasiw a sinivecik mavanga a sekazu.

== kaizuanan ==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P135。</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>venarung ta kai a pakasaseljangan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>506</id>
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      <id>11784</id>
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        <id>1118</id>
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      <minor />
      <comment>Bot: Migrating 1 langlinks, now provided by [[d:|Wikidata]] on [[d:q179677]]</comment>
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      <text bytes="1039" sha1="f0ab5zz8l4lilt2p7mciziheoi8gr2t" xml:space="preserve">a tja kineljang aicu a '''venarung ta kai a pakasaseljangan''' (sinipapukeljang a ''linguistic relativity'' nua kai nua amilika) mavan a sipapukeljang tjanu itjen tu maljian a sipualang tua kacauan nua caucau nu maljian a sikaljavaran niamadju. izua uta sipapungadan nua kangadanan ni sapir (''Edward Sapir'') a kisanvenarung tua sasusuan nua kai kati wuv (''Benjamin Lee Whorf'') a situ nimadju mavan a sapir-wuv a sinivarungan (Sapir–Whorf hypothesis) a tja siaya tuaza venarungan sakamaya, inika penaqulid tiamadju a pasemalav taza venarungan.

a tja mapacunan tua cinalivatan nuazua venarung ta kai a pakasaseljangan aicu, mamasukaikai itjen tua matjaliaw a sinitjaucikelan nu paqayam itjen a pualang tuazua sinanvarungan.&lt;ref&gt;Leavitt, John Harold (2010). [https://www.worldcat.org/title/linguistic-relativities-language-diversity-and-modern-thought/oclc/699490918 Linguistic relativities : language diversity and modern thought]. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-511-99268-1. OCLC 699490918.&lt;/ref&gt;

==kasizuan==</text>
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  <page>
    <title>rumicing</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>507</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10617</id>
      <parentid>10610</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-05T13:31:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniuu</username>
        <id>338</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.163.198|79.163.163.198]]（[[User talk:79.163.163.198|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Praxidicae|Praxidicae]]的先前版本</comment>
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      <text bytes="882" sha1="npim9dwwq0ehx3iiug9ffmfbsgkmmez" xml:space="preserve">masanlialiaw aicu a kasiw i asiya(亞洲), awseliya(澳洲) kata afika(非洲) namacanculjuculjuan a kinaqadavan, avananga a tjakedri a kasiw izua i gaduan kata lizukan. namaya tua paday aza namalum kata vucelacelay a vangalj na rumicing, sa pinaka ta “白飯樹” aya a cinikukuan.

== sikakudan ==
uri kakanen na qayaqayam taza vucelay a vangalj na rumicing, sa uri cempis sa kanen na kakedriyan na [[Paiwan|payuwan]].

nuri kiricing kata kiasav taza rumicing sa kemsakesa i navalj a sipapucemel ta saqetjuan.

na qivu a ramaljengmaljeng, nu demulatanga ta kavayan, maqati a malap taza rumicing sa cemekecek ta saqetjuan, sa tjadjadjav a menguaq, aya tiamadju. ljawa inika a kemeljang amen taicu a kai a paqulid niamdju.

== kasizuanan ==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P145。</text>
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  <page>
    <title>vacinga</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>509</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8127</id>
      <parentid>8126</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-05-24T02:21:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="1558" sha1="7h5eocdvzm395zeo8oc32icxc5ex4u7" xml:space="preserve">masanliawliaw aicu a kasiw a vacinga i vecekatan a pasanavalj tua kadjunganan i kacawan, i ripun kata i teku ta sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]]. 

nuri natemalem taza vacinga a payuwan izua i cacavalj i qaqeljevan ta qinaljan, sa maqati a sekezan nu tjeqalja tuki masasaw sa palisilisi a cawcau. qaw, nuri sekezan a cinunan nu mangetjezanga izua, nu pacunanga a sikataqaljan taza sacemel nu cemelivatanga tiamdju, uri patjumalj tua zuma itua qinaljan tiamadju.

== sikakudanan ==
nutjaisangas tua kaljevuvuan, ini’anan a meqaca aza ledjeledje na vacinga, qaw maqati a kakanen taicu a ledjeledje na payuwan, sa pinaka ta “vaviaw”; qaw, nu veneve a cuvuq naicu a kasiw, nuri semuqaljic ta kasiw avacinga sa malap tua masansikaw tuki kakanen na kakedriyan, mamau ta mapu ta saviki; maqati a keman taza namalum a vangalj na vacinga uta, sa uri kakanen na drail, vutj kata qayaqayam. 

kasicuyanga, ini’a madjulu a pacekis nu pakuang tua qemaljup a payuwan, saka, uri kemacu taza sapuy a madjulu a maljama a cinunan, qaw maqati a pacekis nu pakuang tiamadju.

ini’a paperacuk aicu a sapuy nu maljama aza kasiw kata qaljic na vacinga, sa tjaljananguaqan a masansapuy. qaw nu masan tua aicu a sapuy, nuri semuqaljic ta kasiw a vacinga a payuwan sa kemelem kata remasirasi.qaw aicu a qaljic, nuri gemalju a ljemama, mamau ta tjamaku, sa ini’a madjulu a maqevetj a sapuy.

== kaizuanan ==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P241-242。</text>
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    <title>puk</title>
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        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12703</origin>
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==puk(樹豆)==
masanliawliaw aicu a kasiw i afika(非洲) na masanculjuculjuan a kinaqadavan kasicuayan, qaw masanliawliaw itua masanculjuculjuan a kinaqadavan i kacawan aicu a tjakedri a kasiw tucu. aicu a puk mavan a tjaljapazangalan a tinaleman nu mazazeliuliulj ta masengseng itua quma a [[Paiwan|payuwan]]. nutjaivirilj a kivaquanga, nuri temaletalem ta puk a payuwan. sa uri temalem ta puk nu kaljauragan sa kipuk nu kaljavuvuan tiamadju.

masa madjulu a temalem taza puk sa maqati a papuculj tua kadjunangan uta, saka masan kinatjangelayan a puk nua payuwanzuku, puyumazuku, amizuku kata tayaruzuku. 

aicu a “puk” a siaya, aza ngadan a pacugan mavan a madjulu a “paqetjutj” nu keman ta puk aya!

== kaizuanan ==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P105。</text>
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    <title>sapeljik</title>
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      <text bytes="1607" sha1="svg1yfeemgkdg37ct3yj8xbefywtxym" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Schima superba kz04.jpg|縮圖|342x342像素|sapeljik]]
qacaqaca aicu a kasiw a '''sapeljik''', saka nu izua a qacaqaca a cawcau, mamau ta sapeljik aya a [[Paiwan|payuwan]].

kasicuayan i qinaljan, tjuruvu a cawcau a kemeljang taicu a kasiw a kinakemudan. avan nu macelecel tua qaljic na sapeljik a [[Paiwan|payuwan]], nuri saljengseng. saka, uri pakeljang ta kakedriyan a ramaljeng, sa uri pakikasiw a sapeljik ta kakedriyan a ramaljeng a kemeljang tua kinakemudan naicu a kasiw. sadjelung aza duku na sapeljik nu tjepana, saka, nu pitua pana aicu a kasiw, nuri macayanga aza ciqaw, kang, quzang kata tjulja.

qaw, madjulu a macemu aicu a sapeljik a kasiw sa mavekelj a malap tua sematjumaq kata temalem ta ngilengil.

nu kemeljanganga itjen taicu a sikakudan na sapeljik, manu kemeljang itjen tua kakudan na [[Paiwan|payuwan]] itua qucalj, mavananga inika malap taza sapeljik a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] tua mapacay a ciqaw, masa neka a ciqaw nu lima a cavilj nu tjepana a sipacay ta ciqaw na sapeljik. 

qaw izuanga a kakudan na quculj na [[Paiwan|payuwan]] a inika mekeljang, matu kineljang nua tjasevalitan, avan nu inika kikasiw taza sapeljik, nuri meliawliaw a sapeljik, qaw, masa liaw a zaljum itua kasiw na sapeljik sa maqati a qemeceng tua maljama i cemecemel; madjulu a papevaljut aicu a sapeljik, kimalji nu maljamanga aicu a kasiw sa nuri veneve nuicavilj. liaw a kasiw a maqati a mamau taicu a kasiw a sapeljik a maytucu.

== kaizuanan ==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P107-108。</text>
      <sha1>svg1yfeemgkdg37ct3yj8xbefywtxym</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qayu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>512</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12713</id>
      <parentid>12550</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-17T07:39:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12713</origin>
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      <text bytes="1472" sha1="o902wceg3o3z508lgr4p4f259xyggwb" xml:space="preserve">'''qayu(厚果崖豆藤)'''

a pinaka ta 'ayu, layu na [[Paiwan|payuwan]] uta. macai ananemanemanga ipana ta qayu.

uri kiqayu a kapaz kata cuqus naicu a kasiw a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] tua kiciqaw, nuri penangul taza qayu tiamadju sa pasa tua pana aza qetim na qayu, qaw maqati a sikazulav na ciqaw aicu a qitim na qayu sa madjulu a kiciqaw a cawcau.

maqati a sinan tua cemel na qumaquma a qayu uta, saka maqati a pacun ta qayu izua i ljaviung tua quma.

nu 2 kata 3 a qiljasan a ljemita a cavilj, tjakedri a zaljum itua pana, sa nuri kiciqawanga a sikataqaljan tazuanan. sa, uri penenetj a mazangilj nua qinaljan tua semainuwan na pana sa kiciqaw. uri vaik a sikataqaljan nu kadjamadjaman, qaw semangas tiamadju a penangul tua qayu i ljaviljaving, sa pinizua i vintjang aza qetim na qayu.

qaw nu padjeleanga tiamadju, uri sekauljan ta pasa tua pana aza qetim, sa maqati a malap ta [[qecap]] tuki aray tua kiqicaw a mapuljat. sa nuri qepuqepu aicu a ciqaw taqepuqepuan a cawcau.

nu nuri qemayu a kiciqaw a [[Paiwan|payuwan]], tjuruvu a cawcau sa izunga a tja kakudan uta. uri penanguljamen tu kinakemudan na ciqaw. saka, tjaliaw tua ita a ciqaw i marekasupu, uri penangupangulj amen a patje nekanga a ciqaw.

qaw, aza puqayu a cawcau, maqati a peniliq timadju tua tjelu a ciqaw itua marekasupu a namasa ta pavaletan. 

== kaizuanan ==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P136。</text>
      <sha1>o902wceg3o3z508lgr4p4f259xyggwb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>bacang</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>513</id>
    <revision>
      <id>8181</id>
      <parentid>8152</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-06-09T01:29:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>8181</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="309" sha1="czeg06zl6zgs0n6827f8xq5ngob7lat" xml:space="preserve">a tja kineljang aicu a '''bacang''' mavan a matjaita a kakanen nua sepairang nu palisiyan niamdju tua sikamasanlimalj a qadavan (siaya nua [[pinairangan]] a Gō͘-ji̍t-cheh taza palisiyan). nu i palisiyan nua pairang, semanbacang tiamadju.


[[File:Zongzi3.JPG|thumb|right|250px|aicu a bacang.]]
==kasizuan==</text>
      <sha1>czeg06zl6zgs0n6827f8xq5ngob7lat</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Hung Rui-lin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>514</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12376</id>
      <parentid>12375</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-08T06:23:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>'''</comment>
      <origin>12376</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1836" sha1="lfm07mpuee4046ukdtl7npikmsm6761" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |Hung Rui-lin  
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center &quot; | [[sineqetj a vecik:洪瑞麟.jpg|thumb|aicu ti Hung Rui-lin, 1937|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | seman zuga a caucau 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |ciniukukan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |  洪瑞麟
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |uqaljai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |guka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |taiwan 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 1912.05.07-1996.12.03 (nalemedaw kemasi maza i taihuku i Tōa-tiū-tiâⁿ ka ripun a djiday)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; | sengsengan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | seman zuga a caucau 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |gaku
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 帝國美術學校 teikoku bijucu gaku (tucu: 武藏野美術大學musashino bijucu a daigaku) 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; | kazalan a zuga
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |na namapiliq a kicapilj itua palisian pinaka 臺灣美術展覽會 (1930 a caviljan)：&lt;微光&gt;

na namapiliq a kicapilj itua palisian pinaka 臺灣美術展覽會 (1935 a caviljan)：&lt;蟬聲&gt;

na namapiliq a kicapilj itua palisian pinaka 臺灣總督府美術展覽會(1939 a caviljan)：&lt;坑內工作&gt;(&lt;勞働&gt;)
|-
|}

'''aicu ti Hung Rui-lin''' (ciniukukan:洪瑞麟；pinairangan:Âng Sūi-lîn), avan ca semanzuga a caucau i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], nalemedaw kemasi imaza i taihuku i Tōa-tiū-tiâⁿ a kadjunangan. au namakeljang tjaimadju tu mareka zuga patjara 採礦 a ninpu katua cinalivatan nimadju imaza i 礦坑 a kadjunangan.

== kipalikuzan ==

== zuga ==</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sisekingan tua caquan a pakatjanu pinairangan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>515</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11874</id>
      <parentid>10954</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-03-16T08:04:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11874</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1217" sha1="jklt1bdlupdatbeegcdsszvu6r0bgik" xml:space="preserve">rinasudj aicu a '''sisekingan tua caquan a pakatjanu pinairangan''' nua qapulu nua pakasekingan tua sikakaiyan nua [[Taiwan|setayuan]] i taigaku a singkung. kapatagiljan ka papusengsengan a kungkuan a patjara kinakituluan tua kinateveteveljan nua setaigaku a singkung a venarung taicu a sisekingan.

==kasizuan==
*[http://ctlt.twl.ncku.edu.tw/ 國立成功大學台灣語文測驗中心] 
*[http://ctlt.twl.ncku.edu.tw/gtpt 全民台語認證專業版及體驗版專網] 
*[http://ctlt.twl.ncku.edu.tw/tsh 中小學生台語認證專網]
*[http://www.airitilibrary.com/Publication/alPublicationJournal?PublicationID=20729170&amp;IssueID=201210220038 海翁台語文教學季刊2010第七期 台語認證專刊報導] 
*[http://www.airitilibrary.com/Publication/alDetailedMesh?DocID=20729170-200912-201210220037-201210220037-12-18 何信翰2009〈台灣需要台語認證－台語認證簡介kap預算hōo立法院總thâi記事〉《海翁台語文學教學季刊》6期，頁12-18。] 
*[http://www.airitilibrary.com/Publication/alDetailedMesh?DocID=20763611-201009-201009270088-201009270088-82-103 Chiung, Wi-vun. 2010. The Development of the Taiwanese Proficiency Test. Journal of Taiwanese Vernacular. 2(2),pp82-103.]</text>
      <sha1>jklt1bdlupdatbeegcdsszvu6r0bgik</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Xiongchumo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>516</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10953</id>
      <parentid>10951</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-10T13:04:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>1234qwer1234qwer4</username>
        <id>202</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.230.38|79.163.230.38]]（[[User talk:79.163.230.38|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>8165</origin>
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      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="540" sha1="3xcogmc3temdqge7osahoomproy7cc5" xml:space="preserve">'''Xiongchumo'''(熊出没) avan [[tiribi anime]] i [[Tailiku|tailiku]]. inalang tua [[Anime na Hwaciang Shuwi na Shenzhen|anime na hwaciang shuwi na shenzhen]]. 


==dorama(劇情簡介)==
&lt;!--
該片講述住在森林裡的熊大、熊二等森林小動物面對人類伐木工光頭強，防止他採伐樹木、破壞自然而同他展開了一場鬥智斗勇的對決。

--&gt;
*[https://www.ipcf.org.tw/zh-TW/Program/Program_Detail?programID=21081806374828440 tiribi na kacalisian - 熊出没] 
[[Category:tiribi]] 
[[Category:tailiku]]</text>
      <sha1>3xcogmc3temdqge7osahoomproy7cc5</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>ljabecubecuq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>517</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11440</id>
      <parentid>11323</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-10-11T08:23:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>140.119.100.44</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11440</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="2594" sha1="b91y2rz42n62zgn4xt2skj9ndavm2rg" xml:space="preserve">[[File:N Ipoa D1600.JPG|thumb|270px|]]
'''ljabecubecuq(蕹菜)''' mavan a cemel a meqacanga nu tacavilj, sa kemerap a cuqus naicu a ljaceng. izuanga a tenget i vecekadan i cuqus na ljabecubecuq, qaw izua a kapaz i cuqus a picul na ljabecubecuq.

masanliawliaw aicu a ljaceng i pasakacedas ta asia i kacawan kasicuayan.

== kinavadavadayan ==
izuazua i asia i kacawan, uri meqaca itua kavuwavuwan, tjaptjap kata vunun aicu a ljabecubecuq.

== kinakemudan ==
maruvaudj aza cuqus na ljabecubecuq, uri meqaca tu drusa tuki tjelu a marutadjekuacan, izua a tenget i vecekadan i cuqus naicu a ljaceng. matu qecilu a kinakemudan a asav na ljabecubecuq, tjaljiqaca a kemasi lima tua tapuluq sa lima a marutaljudjuqan, kata kemasi drusa tua alu a marutaljudjuqan.

uri venuciyar tua vucelacelay a hana a ljabecubecuq, avan a tjaljiqaca a kemasi tjelu tua lima a marutaljudjuqan a hana.

kasicuayan, masanliawliaw a ljabecubecuq i kacedas a pasanavalj tua asia i kacawan, ljakua tjaliaw aicu a cemel izua i pasanavalj tua pana a “長江” na [[Tailiku|chuku]] nua namasanculjuculjuan a kinaqadavan. qaw nu tinalem naicu a ljaceng itua kavauwan, sa pinaka ta “水蕹菜”，tjakudral aza asav kata cuqus aicu a ljaceng tua ljabecubecuq itua qumaquma.

ladruadruq a asav a cuqus na ljabecubecuq. uri venuciyar tua vucelacelay, qudjidjilj kata kulimalimac a hana aicu a ljabecubecuq nu kaljazalangezangan kata kaljauragan. qucengecengl a vat na ljabecubecuq. tjatjengelay ta masezam kata tjeveng a kadjunangan aicu a ljaceng, uri meliawliaw tiamadju, sa maqati a kiqadilj tua tjeveng kata masezam aicu a ljaceng. kumalji a quma kata kavavuwan, maqati a temalem taicu a ljabecubecuq.

maqati a meqacaqaca a ljabecubecuq nu mesezasezam a kinaqadavan, ljakua inika kiqadilj nu ljaljeqel a kinaqadavan sa macayanga aicu a ljaceng. saka, maqati a temalem tacavilj aicu a ljabecubecuq nu neka a sulja nua kinaqadavan.

nu temalem ta ljabecubecuq i tjaqaljeceqec a kadjunangan, sa tjakudral aza tenget i vecekadan i cuqus na ljabecubecuq. qaw nu temalem taicu a ljaceng i tjaqapedang a kadjunangan, tjakedri a tenget i vecekadan i cuqus na ljabecubecuq.

== sikakudanan ==

=== ljaceng tua kakanen ===
uri kemesa tua cuqus kata asav na ljabecubecuq a cawcau, tuki sinansiaven aicu a ljaceng tiamadju, sa uri masanpazangal a djamay taicu a ljaceng nu kaljazalangezangan kata kaljauragan. 

qaw nu kemesakesa taicu a ljabecubecuq a cawcau, uri cemacan tua qatiya, tauyu kata vutjulj na qung.

== kaizuanan ==
1.維基百科－蕹菜，網址: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E8%95%B9%E8%8F%9C。&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
      <sha1>b91y2rz42n62zgn4xt2skj9ndavm2rg</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>paljaqic</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>518</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11485</id>
      <parentid>11484</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-11-01T07:22:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11485</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1109" sha1="qye21j7w39un20kobvoumerjnqnni0e" xml:space="preserve">masanliawliaw aicu a paljaqic i [[Dripun|ripun]], chuku kata i sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]] a kemasi lima a iday tua itakuzulj a gadugaduan, avan a kasiw aicu a paljaqic.

a “paljaqic” aya a payuwan taicu a kasiw, masa a madjulu a venaljes taza kasiw aya.

== sikakudanan ==
kumalji a madjulu a venaljes taicu a kasiw na paljaqic, ljakua caljeqil angata aza kasiw, sa inika madjulu a venceluq kata macelaq. saka, uri malap taicu a kasiw tua sanlangalj, valji kata caqeljap a [Paiwan|payuwan]]; qaw nu masengseng itua quma a payuwan kasicuayan, uri kikasiw ta tjakudral a paljaqic tua masanturivecan.

aicu a paljaqic, mamau ta sangkilj(山漆), ljakua ini’a duku itjayamadju, sa ,maqati a sipucemel tua gulacain nu macelcel ta sangkilj. sa uri kemesa tua asav na paljaqic sa alapen taicu a zaljum a sipavanav kata malap ta paljaqic a ricing sa benakebak ta kinacawcauan. nu maytucu, sa maqati a pucemel tua gulacain aya.

== kaizuanan ==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P222。</text>
      <sha1>qye21j7w39un20kobvoumerjnqnni0e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>JavaScript</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>519</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12237</id>
      <parentid>11977</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T14:10:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12237</origin>
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      <text bytes="3115" sha1="4f1n8s0fxk9bx0ny4ra5sjjy8iaycwf" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:JavaScript screenshot.png|thumb|right|200px|aicu a sinivecikan a JavaScript i tua tingnaw.]]
namasanpazangal a matjaita a kavecikan nua i tingnaw avan aicu a '''JavaScript''' (djavaskript a tja siaya; sinipapukeljang tua lingav nua tja supuin aza takalan avan a /ˈdʒɑːvəskrɪpt/). a tja kineljangan uta a '''JS''' taza kavecikan. a tja mapacunan tua pakaljingasan a [[World Wide Web]], [[HTML]] katua [[CSS]], izua liaw a sinivecikan a JavaScript.&lt;ref&gt;Flanagan, David (18 April 2011). [https://www.worldcat.org/title/javascript-the-definitive-guide/oclc/686709345?referer=br&amp;ht=edition JavaScript: the definitive guide]. Beijing; Farnham: O'Reilly. p. 1. ISBN 978-1-4493-9385-4. OCLC [https://www.worldcat.org/title/javascript-the-definitive-guide/oclc/686709345 686709345]. &quot;JavaScript is part of the triad of technologies that all Web developers must learn: HTML to specify the content of web pages, CSS to specify the presentation of web pages, and JavaScript to specify the behavior of web pages.&quot;&lt;/ref&gt; na sinansapitj aicu a kavecikan a JavaScript tua tjaliaw tua 97% a sapitj a pakatua [[ljingas]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/cp-javascript/ &quot;Usage statistics of JavaScript as client-side programming language on websites&quot;]. w3techs.com. 2021-04-09. [http://wayback.archive-it.org/all/20220213043439/https://w3techs.com/technologies/details/cp-javascript Archived] from the original on 2022-02-13. Retrieved 2021-04-09.&lt;/ref&gt;

katjaisangas amin izua sivecivecik a JavaScript nua rusanremasudj tua sisupuan tua sapitj nua i ljingas sakamaya, izua uta zuma a sirasurasudj i tua tingnaw a pasuvililj.

setadjalan aicu a ngadan katua sipatjekaiyan nua JavaScript katua Java sakamaya, maretimalji aza matjadrusa a sikakaiyan nu venecik. 

==siciluqan tua kai==
===tjaljadjaluan a vecik===
&lt;syntaxhighlight lang=&quot;javascript&quot; start=&quot;1&quot;&gt;
// Declares a function-scoped variable named `x`, and implicitly assigns the
// special value `undefined` to it. Variables without value are automatically
// set to undefined.
var x;

// Variables can be manually set to `undefined` like so
var x2 = undefined;

// Declares a block-scoped variable named `y`, and implicitly sets it to
// `undefined`. The `let` keyword was introduced in ECMAScript 2015.
let y;

// Declares a block-scoped, un-reassignable variable named `z`, and sets it to
// a string literal. The `const` keyword was also introduced in ECMAScript 2015,
// and must be explicitly assigned to.

// The keyword `const` means constant, hence the variable cannot be reassigned
// as the value is `constant`.
const z = &quot;this value cannot be reassigned!&quot;;

// Declares a global-scoped variable and assigns 3.  This is generally considered
// bad practice, and will not work if strict mode is on.
t = 3;

// Declares a variable named `myNumber`, and assigns a number literal (the value
// `2`) to it.
let myNumber = 2;

// Reassigns `myNumber`, setting it to a string literal (the value `&quot;foo&quot;`).
// JavaScript is a dynamically-typed language, so this is legal.
myNumber = &quot;foo&quot;;
&lt;/syntaxhighlight&gt;

==kasizuan==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>4f1n8s0fxk9bx0ny4ra5sjjy8iaycwf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>zintun a wazaqan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>520</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11139</id>
      <parentid>11075</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-26T18:32:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/83.11.191.203|83.11.191.203]]（[[User talk:83.11.191.203|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:20041027 tatsu|20041027 tatsu]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>8241</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="735" sha1="nm9y7exsba469zk1fdb26dm9ys1pja1" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Sun Moon Lake.jpg|thumb|aicu a '''zintun a wazaqan'''.]]
sikamasanmusalj a tjaljataladj a meredjanaw i [[Taiwan|tayuan]] mavan aicu a '''zintun a wazaqan'''&lt;ref&gt;邵族–詞項分享| 原住民族語言線上詞典. e-dictionary.apc.gov.tw. [2020-01-04]. （原始內容[https://web.archive.org/web/20210301030131/https://e-dictionary.apc.gov.tw/ssf/280880/q/share.htm 存檔]於2021-03-01）.&lt;/ref&gt; a sinipapukeljang a ''Ji̍t-goa̍t-thâm'' a pinairangan a ngadan tjanuitjen.

kaizuazua imaza i kadjunangan a zintun a wazaqan a caucau nua sethau.
==cinalivatan==
==sipacacikelan==
===djalan nua palidring===
[[File:TW PHW21.svg|20px]] masansikadrusa a puluq saka ita a djalanan nua i [[Taiwan|tayuan]]
===basu===

==kasizuan==</text>
      <sha1>nm9y7exsba469zk1fdb26dm9ys1pja1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pugupugu a drail</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>521</id>
    <revision>
      <id>10615</id>
      <parentid>10612</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-05T13:31:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Daniuu</username>
        <id>338</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/79.163.163.198|79.163.163.198]]（[[User talk:79.163.163.198|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:1234qwer1234qwer4|1234qwer1234qwer4]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>8223</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1916" sha1="mcdgyehgepo2a072iwtqqxhvfmpaz1n" xml:space="preserve">ka 2022 a caviljan lima a qiljasan, izuanga aicu a saqetjuan na '''pugupugu a drail''' imaza i gaikuku i England, saka na sinipukeljang tu aicu a ljayar na semepusepu tucu itua mareka kukka. a sangasangasan a saqetjuan na tjevuta ka lima a qiljasan unem a qadavan. aza caucau na paljilji imaza i Nigeria a kadjunangan. ljakua izua caucau qivu tu, aicu a ljayar na patagilj anga katjaljaisangas itua europe a kadjunangan. siyanga, tucu na pasemalaw pakatua mareka kukka tu izua liawliaw a saqetjuan kaimaza i europe. mata unem a qiljasan 24 a qadavan, izuanga 4,126 a namasepu tucu a saqetjuan.&lt;ref&gt;[https://ourworldindata.org/explorers/monkeypox?tab=table&amp;time=2022-05-24..latest&amp;facet=none&amp;Metric=Confirmed+cases&amp;Frequency=Cumulative&amp;Shown+by=Date+of+confirmation&amp;country=~OWID_WRL Monkeypox Data Explorer]. OurWorldInData. [27 May 2022].&lt;/ref&gt;    

aicu a kaljayaran na masepu i sasaw tua i pinaljavakan itua vecekadan a kadjunangan a africa katua pasakaledep a kadjunangan. aza sasusuan a 衛生部門 papaulingaw tjanuitjen tu timaimanga izua  masepu aicu ljayar.  nu na kidadut ta izua aicu saqetjuan. saka aza kinateveteveljan i 世界衛生組織 na penenetj tu makaya a 預計疫情將得到控制，對受影響國家的普通民眾的影響較小。但該組織最近的一份聲明承認，未監測到的傳播已經發生了一段時間，並呼籲採取緊急行動遏制傳播。

aicu a pugupugu a drail avan a caucau kata quziquzipan a namasasepu, nu masepu aicu a ljayar, izua mareka saqetjuan parutua penicu, saqetju a qulu, saqetju itua kinacavacavan a penuljat, ljemaljeqel katua maluljai. katjaivililj na patagilj cemuvuq tua ljetiq katua gacemel itua kacavacavan. palemek tu gemedeged izua drusa patje sepatj a rihai aicu a saqetjuan. ljakua patje tucu, izuanga 1% mata 3% a masepu a caucau namacay anga (neka nu kipucemel), manu izua tjaljapazangalan a saqetjuan itua kakedrian.

==kasizuan==</text>
      <sha1>mcdgyehgepo2a072iwtqqxhvfmpaz1n</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>blackpink</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>522</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12095</id>
      <parentid>12094</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-12-02T15:54:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>饅頭老師</username>
        <id>26</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12095</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2092" sha1="crmkoqh808ddm57jgugv3ny0urlyxqh" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |BLACKPINK
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[File:Blackpink PUBG 210321 (cropped).jpg|thumb|BLACKPINK tiamadju（pasaviri）Jisoo、Jennie、Rosé katua Lisa|250px|center]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | rusenasenai、ruiyugiyugi
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |vavayan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kangadanan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |블랙 핑크(kai nua kuria)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; | kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | kuria
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kapatagiljan a  sengsengan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 2016 a caviljan (i kuria)
2017 a caviljan (i ripun)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|sinipukeljang a senay
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |《DDU-DU DDU-DU》                     
《Kill This Love》

《BOOMBAYAH》

《AS IF IT'S YOUR LAST》                                      

《How You Like That》
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |kuba
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [https://www.ygfamily.com/ YG]

|-
|}
BLACKPINK(kai nua kuria：블랙 핑크，rinipunan：ブラック・ピンク，vecik：BLΛƆKPIИK)avan a kinateveteveljan a vavayan itua kinasenayan nua kuria. na patagilj niamadju a sengsengan kemasi 2016 a caviljan paka tua YG a kuba. izua Jisoo, Jennie, Rosé katua Lisa man sepatj a rusenasenai. 

ka 2019 a caviljan na piniliq tua tjaljapazangalan a pungadan a caucau i kuria ni zasi pinaka《富比士》, avan sika namasan sangasangasan a kinateveteveljan nua vavayan nakicapilj  tu 「30 Under 30 Asia」itua zasi a 《富比士》. saka namasan uta a sangasangasan a kinateveteveljan nua vavayan namalap tua kazalan pinaka 音樂錄影帶大獎 itua MTV a duqubi.
tucu, aicu a BLACKPINK izua tjatjuruvuan a caucau nalemangda tua senay niamadju itua Spotify, izua uta tjaljatjuruvuan a caucau na pacun tua iga niamadju itua YouTube paka wanglu namaitucu.</text>
      <sha1>crmkoqh808ddm57jgugv3ny0urlyxqh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pinpu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>523</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12218</id>
      <parentid>12217</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T13:40:38Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>kasizuan</comment>
      <origin>12218</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1816" sha1="ijs0dih29zf3sk9ha4u7xxj4jcxbj1r" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Pepohoan Mother and Child.jpg|250px|thumb|aza kina se pinpu katua aljak nimadju. aza sasing na pasasing ni John Thomson ka 1871 a caviljan imaza i takaw neimen]]
aicu a pinpu, lja sinipungadan tua pinpu/pepu, avan a sipakeljakeljang tua kacalisian a penuljat i [[Taiwan|taiwan]] paka sihu tazua. saka izua uta zuma a ngadan pinaka 高山族, avan na caucau na kivaljut kaimaza i makagadu a kadjunangan a kacalisian aicu a imi. ljakua pasusu tua kinkiu itua kinateveteveljan patjara supuan katua bunka, tiamadju na makeljang tu aicu pinpu inika amin ita a zuku, avan sika tja qivu tu 平埔族群 siaya. au tucu aicu a 平埔族群 inika ljemaui tjayamadju masan tua 原住民族 nia sihu, amin a [[Kebalan|kebalan]] zuku nakitjuvaday kemasi amis zuku.

kasicuayan izua liaw a siqivuan pakatua pinpu a zuku. ka heland katua sipanya a sivitai mangetjez imaza tuzua izua 土著 a siyaya, au ka cin a djiday izua 化番 katua 熟番, lja aicu a 化番 katua 熟番 a caucau na imazamaza i lizuk a sikac, avan sika izua uta zuma a siqivuan  平埔仔, 埔仔人 katua 平埔番siaya（pinairangan：Pêⁿ-po͘-hoan；binaljakan：Pepohoan）, siyanga aicu a 平埔 a vecik izua kazatjan a imi. au djemaljun ta ripun na djemadjas ta taiwan a kadjunangan, izua ita a sunatj pinaka《臺灣蕃人事情》, na kiruku tu aza kacalisian nua i taiwan izua 高山族 katua 平埔族, ljakua tazua aza pinpu zuku na seman undu  niamadju lja pavalitan tua ngadan tu 東寧族. ka minkuku a djiday, aicu a aljak nia pinpu zuku palemek tu maqulip anga azua taqaljan a vinarungan, manu inika ljemaui tu kacalisian paka hulic nia sihu tucu. lja tucu izua pazulju mareka kinkiu itua zuku nua i taiwan, avan sika aicu a cinalivatan pakatua pinpu zuku na masan pazangal itua nia siakai.

== kasizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>ijs0dih29zf3sk9ha4u7xxj4jcxbj1r</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ljisava</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>524</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11192</id>
      <parentid>10809</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-29T05:44:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dradran</username>
        <id>857</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11192</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="946" sha1="osmrfcbtgyxyhn7sy5xl3gtmupfrln3" xml:space="preserve">aicu a ljisava, izua a alu a maretimalji a kinakemudan a cemel i kacawan, qaw izua tjelu imaza i [[Taiwan|taiwan]].

aicu a cemel a ljisava izua i vecekadan na sasusuan tua vavavan i calisiyan kata qaciljaciljay a kadjunangan na taiwan, saka, masaliawliaw aicu a cemel i kadjunangan na payuwanzuku kasicuayan. qaw liaw aicu a ljisava i patekuteku ta kavulungan.

== sikakudanan ==
nuri kivaqu a bununzuku, sa alapen taza asav naicu a cemel tua vengetjen sa talekelekan ta vaqu; qaw sinancalis na ljisava a payuwanzuku sa ‘inalap ta asav na viljuaq tua vengetjen sa talekelekan taza vaqu.

saka, makeljang aicu a maretimaljian nua tja kakudan, qadjaw a manasika a inika mamau ta kasiw naicu a cemel, tuki namateveteveljanga a tja kakudan kata zuma, uri kitulutuluanan itjen tua sipakeljang.

== kaizuanan ==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P66。</text>
      <sha1>osmrfcbtgyxyhn7sy5xl3gtmupfrln3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Yasunari Kawabata</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>525</id>
    <redirect title="Kawabata Yasunari" />
    <revision>
      <id>8240</id>
      <timestamp>2022-07-04T09:18:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sdf pinapapigagiljigilji anga a lisadayan na sapitj kemasi ta [[Yasunari Kawabata]] a patje [[Kawabata Yasunari]]：​依日語名字的順序</comment>
      <origin>8240</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="35" sha1="k01ql29pkdzqr986vqg4prum9gnry2m" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[Kawabata Yasunari]]</text>
      <sha1>k01ql29pkdzqr986vqg4prum9gnry2m</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>saluda</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>526</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12551</id>
      <parentid>10965</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-07-29T05:10:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12551</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2523" sha1="tle29rmsnp09ix1bcznh1kcworto63k" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |saluda
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center |[[File:Starr 080304-3186 Setaria palmifolia.jpg|220px|center]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinikeljang ta [[cemel]] kata kasiw
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|界
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|演化支
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|演化支
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|演化支
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|演化支
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|目
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 科
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|屬
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 種
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | sinivecikan na kisanvenaruvarung
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; align=&quot;center|
|-
|colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; font-size=&quot;5pt&quot; align=&quot;center|
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#CEFFCE; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |zumanga a ngadan
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |
|-
|}
aicu a cemel a ngadan na pacugan a kemasi “masalu” aya.

== sikakudanan ==
namasaluwanga a [[Paiwan|payuwanzuku]] namatucu: aicu a cemel, nu veneve a asav na saluda, uri pacucun a cawcau taza valjaketj i asav sa kemeljanganga tiamadju tu uri kemudanga ta kisusangas ta raljiz tacu a cavilj.

sa uri semupu taza valjaketj i asav a payuwanzuku sa kemeljang tiamdju tu pida a raljiz a mangetjez tucu a cavilj. qaw nu tjadut aza valjaketj tua ingav na saluda sa tjavililj a mangetjez a raljiz; nu makeljang a valjaketj i asav sa tjaselapay a remaljiz tucu a cavilj.

masa aicu a cemel a ngadan matu a penaywanan a “saludau” aya, sa inika alapen taicu a cemel a masan makeljngan i djalan tua sipapacun a vavayavayan, mavan a paqateleng tjayamadju.  

nu neka a sengsengan i gudu, uri alapen na cawcau taicu a saluda, qaw tjinuqetjuq na cuqus ta tjakit, sa uri zemaing ta “du、du” aya, qaw maqati a pasacadjacadja aza zaing.

== kaizuanan ==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P243。</text>
      <sha1>tle29rmsnp09ix1bcznh1kcworto63k</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Wikipedia:napakisumalji a kiljavaran</title>
    <ns>4</ns>
    <id>527</id>
    <revision>
      <id>9211</id>
      <timestamp>2022-07-10T15:20:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「remukuz '''Wikipedia:napakisumalji a kiljavaran''' kiljavaran tua napakisumalji.   ==kadjunangan(地理)== *[[Alu (Ardabil)]]: *[[Alu (Estonia)]]: *[[Alu (Ethiopia)]]: *[[Alu (Mazandaran)]]: *[[Alu (Pärnu)]]: *[[Lima (Buenos Aires)]]: *[[Lima (Illinois)]]: *[[Lima (Iran)]]: *[[Lima (Montana)]]: *[[Lima (Ohio)]]: *[[Lima (Oklahoma)]]: *[[Lima (Paraguay)]]: *[[Lima (Pennsylvania)]]: *[[Lima Chal]]: *[[Lima Gavabar]]: *[[Itá (Paraguay)]]: *[[Ita (princess)]]:…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>9211</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="836" sha1="58rt1yc6fcrmhvpckh8ikurarcqrfri" xml:space="preserve">remukuz '''Wikipedia:napakisumalji a kiljavaran''' kiljavaran tua napakisumalji.


==kadjunangan(地理)==
*[[Alu (Ardabil)]]:
*[[Alu (Estonia)]]:
*[[Alu (Ethiopia)]]:
*[[Alu (Mazandaran)]]:
*[[Alu (Pärnu)]]:
*[[Lima (Buenos Aires)]]:
*[[Lima (Illinois)]]:
*[[Lima (Iran)]]:
*[[Lima (Montana)]]:
*[[Lima (Ohio)]]:
*[[Lima (Oklahoma)]]:
*[[Lima (Paraguay)]]:
*[[Lima (Pennsylvania)]]:
*[[Lima Chal]]:
*[[Lima Gavabar]]:
*[[Itá (Paraguay)]]:
*[[Ita (princess)]]:
*[[Pulu (Nepal)]]:
*[[Siva (river)]]:

==kakudanan(人文)==
*[[Bibi (singer)]]:
*[[Bibi Andersson]]:
*[[Zhou Bichang|Bibi Zhou]]:
*[[Siva (director)]]:

==nanemanemanga yikacauan(科學)==
*[[Drusa]]:

==kivangavang(娛樂)==
*[[Lava (2014 ega)]]:

==giziucu(技術)==
==zuma(其他)==

[[pinapapilipiliqan:Wikipedia]]
[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasaviri]]</text>
      <sha1>58rt1yc6fcrmhvpckh8ikurarcqrfri</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>puluc</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>528</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11382</id>
      <parentid>9215</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-09-23T13:43:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11382</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="686" sha1="dpi0x0tbl4f5oheazlnwlerih6bzquu" xml:space="preserve">masanliawliaw aicu a '''puluc''' i matu maculjuculjuan a kinaqadavan nua kacauwan. qaw izua i teku ta sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan a lizukan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]] aicu a cemel.

== sikakudanan ==
uri qemaljic taicu a kasiw na puluc a payuwanzuku, sa sinansetu a qaljic niamadju kasicuayan, qaw maqatiuta a sipucemel na qapulu na puluc.

nu venuciyar aicu a cemel sa venangalj, uri qepuqepuan taza vangalj na puluc, qaw madjulu a kidjekec tua cawcau aicu a vangalj.

manu matu pulu aza vangalj na puluc sa pinaka ta puluc aya.

== kaizuanan ==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P239。</text>
      <sha1>dpi0x0tbl4f5oheazlnwlerih6bzquu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sekuskus a kinateveteveljan a semenay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>530</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11208</id>
      <parentid>11207</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-29T07:53:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* cinalivatan */ #ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11208</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1436" sha1="ngpun26g7zsdfg2hge348i8iynm9fhw" xml:space="preserve">[[File:05.28 「《最南方‧思想起》2017總統府音樂會 」出演的牡丹國小古謠合唱團 (34099152674).jpg|thumb|right|250px|nasemenay a ljakakedrian nua '''sekuskus a kinateveteveljan a semenay''' i tua sasenayan nua i cungtunghu ka i 2017 a caviljan.]]
na kilalaing ti avan tua ljakakedrian seqakaw a pasanavalj tua [[Taiwan|tayuan]] sa seman aicu a '''sekuskus a kinateveteveljan a semenay'''.

==cinalivatan==
kapasuvililj tua namalap tua papuliguan tua sinansemay ti avan katua nimadju a kinateveteveljan a semenay, ka mangetjez timadju a sema qinaljan tu kipatulu tuazua kakedriyan tua semenay ka i caviljan a 2013. 

nakiqepu a sekuskus a kinateveteveljan a semenay a sema itali a kipuvecik tua kinaqepuan tua semenay nua i ruma i caviljan a 2017.

==sisenayan niamadju==
===sinansenayan a &quot;Senai a mapuljat&quot;===
izua matjatapuluq saka sepatj a senayan i tua za sinansenayan.
*'''e ne lja'''
*'''palikuz'''
*'''lipagaw'''
*'''kakudan a sicuayan'''
*''''iljivak'''
*'''tjisavan'''
*'''pinusinvaudjan'''
*'''iyacikel'''
*'''masalu tua tja cemas'''
*''''isaceqalj'''
*'''ita kana'''
*'''suqapudrung'''
*'''i sa mi'''
*'''lipagaw'''

==kasizuan==
[https://www.youtube.com/channel/UClKv-T6g-uPrjATAWqTCB0g/videos senay nimadju i tua iyutub (youtube)].

[https://www.chinatimes.com/realtimenews/20170711005049-260405?chdtv izua sinbun nua ciukukan a pasemalav tua cinalivatan nua sekuskus a kinateveteveljan a semenay.]</text>
      <sha1>ngpun26g7zsdfg2hge348i8iynm9fhw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>marekakunian</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>531</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12239</id>
      <parentid>12123</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T14:13:58Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12239</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="421" sha1="pmd1aidtu102qjxkk9huyimo1sek4dm" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of the United Nations.svg|frameless|right]]
namasan 193 a kuni a kitevelj i tua '''marekakunian''' (UN) tucu.

[[sineqetj a vecik:United Nations (Member States and Territories).svg|thumb|left|upright=2|193 a kuni]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:United Nations Office at Geneva- The Allée des Nations- Flags of the member nations- Geneva- Switzerland-20150915.jpg|縮圖|marekakunian , Geneva , Switzerland]]</text>
      <sha1>pmd1aidtu102qjxkk9huyimo1sek4dm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>aljenljeng tjaluvie</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>656</id>
    <redirect title="Aljenljeng Tjaluvie" />
    <revision>
      <id>11025</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-25T02:16:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Sdf</username>
        <id>645</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Sdf pinapapigagiljigilji anga a lisadayan na sapitj kemasi ta [[aljenljeng tjaluvie]] a patje [[Aljenljeng Tjaluvie]]</comment>
      <origin>11025</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="37" sha1="c2xk2s5nzhrb9c2toxzetaxwvhdvv4g" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[Aljenljeng Tjaluvie]]</text>
      <sha1>c2xk2s5nzhrb9c2toxzetaxwvhdvv4g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sisekingan tua caquan a pakatjanu kai nua amilika</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>657</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11124</id>
      <parentid>11091</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-08-26T18:32:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>20041027 tatsu</username>
        <id>375</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>取消[[Special:Contributions/83.11.191.203|83.11.191.203]]（[[User talk:83.11.191.203|留言]]）的編輯，改回[[User:Iyumu|Iyumu]]的先前版本</comment>
      <origin>11037</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="143" sha1="gsasoy4n0qcrub1mapc4xh9sp3sazp8" xml:space="preserve">kinipuvecik nua situ a matjaliaw a '''sisekingan tua caquan a pakatjanu kai nua amilika''' imaza i tayuan tucu.

==GEPT==

==TOEIC==

==TOEFL==</text>
      <sha1>gsasoy4n0qcrub1mapc4xh9sp3sazp8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kaljaljaljeqelan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>658</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12401</id>
      <parentid>11240</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-12T09:35:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kakukakudan nua sepusiyan (Persian) */</comment>
      <origin>12401</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="708" sha1="de822jdr6itmt7p6yzmfdb6doo5750b" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Sila grande.jpeg|縮圖]]
'''kaljaljaljeqelan(冬天)'''
madjaljun anga seleman a gadav nu kaljaljeqelan.

==milimilingan a patjara kaljaljaljeqelan==

===kakukakudan nua sepusiyan (Persian)===
siaya nia sepusiyan tua vecekadananan nua i kaljaljaljeqelan mavan a ''Yaldā''. na pupalisian a sepusiyan taicu a ''Yaldā'' a kemasi tjasicuayan a patje tucu. 

izua makasimatjelj a kinaqadaqadavan nu i vecekadan a caviljan ayatua.

maretimaljimalji a sinipadrasi nua qadav a tja kadjunangan.

vuteqilj a sulja nu kalja vuceleljan. nu kaljavuceleljan salapelj saka ljalje’el.


==vali==
barusbus a vali nu kalja vuceleljan. a [[vali]] nu kaljavuceleljan maru djaum(ljigim) anga a temcetecek.</text>
      <sha1>de822jdr6itmt7p6yzmfdb6doo5750b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kivecik</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>660</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12680</id>
      <parentid>12679</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-15T03:07:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12680</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="186" sha1="gkn7w8memh8l2lmn6h9v4a34ppd9kr1" xml:space="preserve">'''kivecik(紋身)'''
aicu a titjen a payuan kivecik a [[vavayan]] a pitalima.


* [https://nchdb.boch.gov.tw/assets/advanceSearch/folklore/20230509000003 排灣族來義鄉傳統手紋]</text>
      <sha1>gkn7w8memh8l2lmn6h9v4a34ppd9kr1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kaviyangan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>661</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11271</id>
      <timestamp>2022-08-30T09:10:12Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dradran</username>
        <id>857</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11271</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="113" sha1="6qas06b946czt7kc3vcw943bncasx4k" xml:space="preserve">'''kaviyangan(佳平部落)'''
aicu a qinaljan i kaviyaqan sinialap tu maru itua tja kaviyangan ana naseljenguaq.</text>
      <sha1>6qas06b946czt7kc3vcw943bncasx4k</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>el niniyu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>662</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12244</id>
      <parentid>11786</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T14:17:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12244</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1843" sha1="qek9emze4y54k0a6kho4qvmbr8p51ze" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:ENSO - normal.svg|250px|right]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:ENSO - El Niño.svg|250px|right]]
[[sineqetj a vecik:Sstaanim.gif|250px|right]]
kaljaseljecan/kaljazalangzangan a pinaka sipapuviqviq a el niniyu a pasanavalj (El Niño–Southern Oscillation) mavan aicu a '''el niniyu (El Niño)'''. nu i kinaqadavan a el niniyu tjarazemangzang a zaljum nua ljavek tua vecekadan katua vecekadan a pasakacedas i tua pasivik a ljavek (Pacific Ocean) nua i kaljazalangzangan a kadjalanan i kacauwan (qadjav a kemasi papavalitan tua qadavan a patje 120° a pasakaledep). sedjaljun aicu a kaljazalangzangan a el niniyu a maka ljinavekan i tua pasanavalj a kadjunangan nua amilika a pasa pasivik a ljavek. a patjara sipapuviqviq a el niniyu a pasanavalj mavan a litjukutjukuan a kinaqadavan tua culjuan katua vuceleljan a zaljum nua pakaperawan a ljavek i tua kaljazalangzangan a pasavecekadan a kacedas a kaljavekan a pasivik. pinapecevung a el niniyu nua qaqetjezan na tjinaivavavan a kinavalian a pasakaledep tua pasivik katua pasakacedas tua pasivik a qaqetjezan na kinavalian a tjaljaljiadut tua ljavekan. a tja kineljang tu puita a el niniyu a makasimatjelj a qiljasan, ljakua izua za sinipasemalavan nua mareka vinecikan a vinarungan tu kinamilingan nua puita a el niniyu mavan a kemasi tua makamusalj a patje makapitjulj a qiljasan. saka nu seman el niniyu itjen, patagilj a qemudjalj a kemasi ta siva a qiljasan a patje tapuluq saka ita a qiljasan.&lt;ref&gt;Changnon, Stanley A (2000). [https://archive.org/details/elnino19971998cl0000unse/page/35 El Niño 1997-98 The Climate Event of The Century]. New York: Oxford University Press. pp. 35. ISBN 0-19-513552-0.&lt;/ref&gt; a siniaya nua kai a ispangiw (español) tua tjaljemaljeqelan a sipapuviqviq a el niniyu a pasanavalj (ENSO) mavan a &quot;la nina&quot; (La Niña) aya.

== kasizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>qek9emze4y54k0a6kho4qvmbr8p51ze</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kaljapang</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>664</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11321</id>
      <parentid>11309</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-09-16T21:24:01Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>DARIO SEVERI</username>
        <id>660</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11321</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="2026" sha1="tiipgokilu4njq25142mdudi8p6ywul" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Murraya paniculata 05.jpg|250px|thumb|]]
masanliawliaw a kaljapang i indiya, [[Malaysia|malasiya]], [[Pilipinas|pilipinias]], ukinawa(琉球)kata i sidipan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]] a lizukan. aicu a kaljapang mavan a rurazek sa tjakedri a kasiw, qaw rupacun taicu a kasiw itua kacasavan na [[Paiwan|payuwan]] tua qemapaz. nu venuciyar ta vicelacelay a hana na kaljapang, sanguljingulji angata itua umaqan. aza ngadan a pacugan na “加羅板” i tawugu na [[valangaw|taitu]] a king mavan a liaw a kaljapang i kadjunagnan izua. sa, izua a cawcau a alapen aicu a kasiw a ngadan tua papungadan ta umaqan, sa pinaka a “tja’aljapang”.

== sikakudanan ==
uri masancinunan a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] nu nakivavuyanga timadju, uri alapen a tjaljananguaqan a [[kasiw]] a santuzungan na [[Paiwan|payuwan]], mananga nu cemual a kudrakudral a [[vavuy]], inika pavalat tua [[vavuy]] aza [[tjakit]]. qaw, masa a kinakemudan na [[kasiw]] nua kaljapang sa madjulu a kigemgem, kata caljeqil sa inika madjulu a veneceluq taza kasiw, saka aicu a kaljapang a tjaljananguaqan a kasiw a santuzungan.

aicu a asav na kaljapang, maqati uta a semanpikak. uri pazulju a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] taza [[karuveljevelj]], atap kata kaljapang tua semanpikak, qaw qaljemeqem aza vawa sa inika madjulu a mapulaw. nu tjaliaw a kaljapang nu semanpikak, uri tjamacam aza vawa nu venawanga; nu tjaliaw a [[karuveljevelj]], uri tjasaluman aza vawa nu venawanga.

maya culeculeq nu semanpikak, mananga qaveleng aicu a pikak, sa qaljeceqec a vawa.

kasicuyanga, izuanga a kakudan tua kivecik. namacaqu a cemepu a vavayavayan, uri kivecik ta lima niamadju, qaw uri kivecik tua valjanga a uqaljaqaljay. nu namaytazua, nalap ta ricing na kaljapang sa cemedap kata kemuljav, qaw uri sipakivecik aicu a kaljapang a ricing na [[Paiwan|payuwan]], sa izua a quljemu a liljuwas sa bulabulay a vinecikan nua tjapayuwan.

== kaizuanan ==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P103-104。</text>
      <sha1>tiipgokilu4njq25142mdudi8p6ywul</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ziyaguitiyaw</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>665</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11307</id>
      <parentid>11305</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-09-15T12:55:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11307</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="646" sha1="sp7bbf5w0t5t49lsaajvz0o63tufk6n" xml:space="preserve">a sinansenay ni kansiungljin (Kán Siōng-jîn) a nakisansemenay mavan aicu a '''ziyaguitiyaw (Chiaⁿ-goe̍h-tiāu)''' a senay nua [[pinairangan]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20220205040208/http://17itaiwan.tw/DOC_2123.htm ziyaguitiyaw: a tja pinapukeljangan tua kakudakudan nu semancavilj a kemasi tua sangasangasan a qadavan a patje sikamasansimuluq saka lima a qadavan.]&lt;/ref&gt; tjemaucikel aicu a senay tua mareka kakudakudan nu semancavilj a sepairang. nu temagilj a pucavilj itjen tjaramedjama itjen a paceged i sangasangasan katua sikamasanmusalj a qadavan. saka nu i sikamasantjelulj a qadavan makaya a kacalaqan.  

== kasizuanan ==</text>
      <sha1>sp7bbf5w0t5t49lsaajvz0o63tufk6n</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ljivakung</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>666</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12513</id>
      <parentid>11482</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-07-12T04:54:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dradran</username>
        <id>857</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* sikakudanan */</comment>
      <origin>12513</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="924" sha1="flwvkatk24hqq6o13o6ac2boweeppd2" xml:space="preserve">tjaladj aza kapaz na '''ljivakung(文殊蘭)''', qaw inika madjulu a malaic kata veneljuc aicu a ljivakung, sa madjulu a sikavaljut aicu a cemel. qaw alapen na cawcau aicu a ljivakung tua sinan makakeljangn itua quma kata umaqan.
==sikakudanan==
uri temalem taicu a cemel a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] i putuputung na kacasavan, qaw maqati a sikaqeceng tua cacarag kata qatjuvitjuvi nu venuciyar a vecelacelay a hana aicu a ljivakung.
nuri temalem a ljivakung a payuwan itua quma uta, qaw nu masezam a qadaw, maqati a alapen aza a asav na ljivakung na cawcau tua sinantarar a pinizua i djaqis, qaw sarenguaqanga a cawcau.
qaw maqati a sipapucemel a cuqus na ljivakung tua [[saqetju a qulu]] kata papucemel tua keving.


==kaliqedavan==
aicu a ljivakung avan a sitidetideq tua quma.

==kaizuanan==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P100。</text>
      <sha1>flwvkatk24hqq6o13o6ac2boweeppd2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rali</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>667</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11322</id>
      <parentid>11319</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-09-16T21:26:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>DARIO SEVERI</username>
        <id>660</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11322</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="862" sha1="2r16e94rxbf1r2vzpm2a55uikop17vq" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ke raintree3.jpg|thumb|250px]]
nuri mangetjez a kaljavevean sa liaw a qemuzimuzip a uri macasasav nu [[veneve]] a [[vangas]]. qaw, nu venuciyaranga aicu a rali, nuri mangetjez a kaljaraurangan ayayain nia ramaljenmaljeng. nu venuciyaciyar a tjaluvu kata aicu a rali, uri mangetjaz a cicak (qiciqic) i [[Taiwan|taiwan]] tua sikavaljut nu kaljaljaljeqelan uta.

aicu a tjaluvu, a vuciyar na rali kata cicak (qiciqic), masa uri maretimalji aza kinaqadavan kata sezaman sa nuri venuciyar kata mangetjazanga tiamadju, qaw uri sipakeljang niamadju uta tua uri mavacuk sa temalem itjen ta [[vurasi]] kata [[vasa]]. qaw sanguanguaq aicu a vurasi kata vusa matazua, saka inika madjulu a mavuk aicu a vurasi kata vasa.

== kaizuanan ==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。</text>
      <sha1>2r16e94rxbf1r2vzpm2a55uikop17vq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>zungulj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>668</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11399</id>
      <parentid>11398</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-09-26T03:52:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11399</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1601" sha1="aqce76bwz560f8vn2m9s6kb7ilfzoef" xml:space="preserve">masanliawliaw aicu a '''zungulj(印度苦櫧)''' i kaledep a pasanavalj tua [[ciuku]] kata izua i pasanavalj ta [[Taiwan|taiwan]] a kadjunangan, mavan a cemecemel i tjaljiqaca a kemasi djelu a tayday ta takuzuljan a marutadjekuacan a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]].
==sikakudanan==
aicu a ngadan na [[penaywanan]], mavan a “qacaqaca sa sauqaljayan a kasiw” ayayaya a pacugan na ngadan. inika madjulu a mavuk aicu a kasiw na zungulj, ljawa inika sedjaljep uta tua sinanqeluz；maqati a semanvalji tua sinanqaljiyu naicu a kasiw. qaw sedjaljep tua sinitalem naicu a zungulj ta [[ngilengil]]. izua i [[makazayazaya]] i [[Qakaw king|akaw]], nuri papu[[saviki]] itjen, uri semeqas tua sepatj a kasiw tua puljiuma/ljemukai tua uri ljemaki a vavayan tazua. qaw uri semeqas taicu a zungulj a kasiw tiamadju, sa izuanan a ledjeledje ivavaw tua kasiw uta. katjaisangas tua puljiuma/ljemukai, uri venecik itjen tua kutji, kulic kata [[vulung]] itua kasiw. numaytucu, nakemeljang itjen taicu a kaisw, inika mavukanan, qaw uri alapen ta [[vaudj]] ni [[mamazangiljan]] tua linupulupan itua aicu a kasiw tua maligu ta [[mamazangiljan]].

==zungulj i nipal (Nepal)==
a tja kineljanan tu vangalj naicu a zungulj a kakanen. sinanumaq aicu a zungulj i tua kinaizuanan a qinaljan.&lt;ref&gt;https://tropical.theferns.info/viewtropical.php?id=Castanopsis+indica&lt;/ref&gt;


[[File:Castanopsis indica Dẻ gai Ấn Độ.JPG|thumb|aicu a zungulj.]]

==kaizuanan==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P157-158。</text>
      <sha1>aqce76bwz560f8vn2m9s6kb7ilfzoef</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tjaljum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>670</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12495</id>
      <parentid>12494</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-24T09:45:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* sikakudanan */</comment>
      <origin>12495</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1173" sha1="4lf0rnzz6va72ij23bifjl5lw871o0e" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Elaeocarpus sylvestris4.jpg|縮圖|303x303像素|tjaljum]]
'''tjaljum(杜英)'''

aicu a kasiw, namasaliawliaw izua i ripun, liyukiyu(琉球), i kaledep a pasanavalj tua ciuku kata i teku tua sasusuan ta vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]] a cemecemel.
==sikakudanan==
lumeljak sa madjulu a macemu aza kasiw na tjaljum ayayaya a [[Paiwan|payuwan]], sa inika sedjaljep tua sinancukes na umaqan naicu a kasiw, amin a sedjaljep ta masanvalji. qaw izua a tjaqaca a kasiw, maqatijten a sinitalem ta [[ngilngil]], ljakua masa lumeljak aza kasiw na tjaljum, sa uri pavelit nu tacaviljanga. inika mamau ta kasiw na kaluwan, maqati a sinitalem ta ngilngil nu lima tuki unem a caviljanga.
nu kaljaveveananga, uri pacucun ta tjualjum a [[cinunan]], masa liaw a [[lava]] kata drail a natjengelay ta kanen ta ledjeledje naicu a kasiw.
nu namalumanga a vangalj na tjaljum, maqatitjen a kakanen.
izua a ngadan na kadjunangan avan aicu a kasiw, masa liawliaw a tjaljum izuazua sa pinaka “tjaljutjuljum” aya.

==kaizuanan==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P164。</text>
      <sha1>4lf0rnzz6va72ij23bifjl5lw871o0e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ljalici</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>672</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11855</id>
      <parentid>11427</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-03-10T17:43:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>WikiBayer</username>
        <id>239</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11855</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="687" sha1="kxomy244696vlg4hnzoxegyphx4y3fk" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:十萼茄(紅絲線) Lycianthes biflora -香港西貢獅子會自然教育中心 Saikung, Hong Kong- (9229860068).jpg|縮圖|269x269像素|ljalici]]
'''ljalici(雙花龍葵)'''

ini’a mamau ta sameci, ini’a masanliawliaw a ljalici, sa izuazua i marekacemecemel i gemidigedian nau gaduan.

==sikakudanan==
maqati a cempis ta ledjeledje a asav na ljalici ta sansiav kata kemesa ta [[pinuljacengan]]. qaw azua a pacugan ta ngadan na “ljalici” mavan a [[kadray]] nua uqaljaqaljay, matu a maqaqecev a [[vangalj]].

==kaizuanan==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P285。</text>
      <sha1>kxomy244696vlg4hnzoxegyphx4y3fk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kaljaljuljalju</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>673</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11361</id>
      <parentid>11360</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-09-23T06:12:09Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11361</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="815" sha1="misapxkh6c67jvg1fi6ypyurxe3p02k" xml:space="preserve">'''kaljaljuljalju''', avan a cemel a kemasi vecekadan ta amilika&lt;ref&gt;https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%86%8A%E8%80%B3%E8%8D%89&lt;/ref&gt;. uri meqacaqaca nu tacaviljanga aicu a cemel.
uri alapen naicu a cemel a ngadan sa papungadan tua cawcau ta “kaljalju”aya a [[Paiwan|payuwan]].

==sikakudanan&lt;ref&gt;http://kplant.biodiv.tw/%E7%B4%AB%E8%8A%B1%E8%97%BF%E9%A6%99%E8%96%8A/%E7%B4%AB%E8%8A%B1%E8%97%BF%E9%A6%99%E8%96%8A.htm&lt;/ref&gt;==
maqati a sipapucemel tua saqetjuan naicu a kaljaljuljalju maru nu kinac na [[qatjuvi]] kata [[qatjuvitjuvi]], qaw maqati uta tua papucemel ta saqetjuan nu matjani a cawcau.
maqati a cawcau a keman taicu a cemel uta, qaw qadi’adid aya. uri alapen taicu a kaljaljuljalju na [[Pairang|pairang]] sa sipapucemel tua [[qemesang]], mangilu a [[tjugeraw]], saqetju a [[vicuka]], kata pedjamuq.</text>
      <sha1>misapxkh6c67jvg1fi6ypyurxe3p02k</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ravuc</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>674</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11367</id>
      <parentid>11366</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-09-23T12:22:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11367</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1029" sha1="scrs6nhpjvou0nsd4047aphqudk35pf" xml:space="preserve">uri masanliawliaw aicu a '''ravuc''' itua vudavudasan, lavingan na pana kata ljemaveljevekan, qaw meliaw aicu a ravuc nutjaivilj a maljama a kadjunangan. maqati a mekudrakudal aza cuqus iteku nu izua i kinasuqudjaljan aicu a ravuc, sa maqati uta a namenaludjuludju aza ravuc.
==sikakudanan==
uri alapen taza cuqus iteku na ravuc tua semenaw sa kemesakesa kata [[zaljum]], qaw temekel taza zaljum; uri kemasa ta cuqus na ravuc a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] sa temekel taza zaljum nu mesezasezam a kakedriyan. nu saqetju tua [[qatjuvi]] a kakedriyan, maqati a sipapucemel naicu a [[zaljum]] na cuqus na ravuc taza qatjuvi.
qaw, maqati uta a sipapucemel naza vecelacelay a vuciyar tua pedjamuq nu saqetjuanga. 
nuri sinanqaljiv naicu a ravuc a asav a [[Paiwan|payuwan]], masa kuljakuljay kata sulapelj aicu a asav na ravuc, qaw neka a ngasa nu masanqaljiv aicu a ravuc, saka inika tjemuzuq.
==kaizuanan==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P143。</text>
      <sha1>scrs6nhpjvou0nsd4047aphqudk35pf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>dralik</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>675</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11402</id>
      <parentid>11401</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-09-27T01:19:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11402</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="97" sha1="ekww6yrretyt6dgadadnskh5i5ibju4" xml:space="preserve">aicu a dralik mavan a saqetjuan na ljayar tuazua i [[Dripun|ripun]] a ziday pasamaza i kacedasan.</text>
      <sha1>ekww6yrretyt6dgadadnskh5i5ibju4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tjiuceng</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>678</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12508</id>
      <parentid>11674</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-07-12T03:49:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dradran</username>
        <id>857</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12508</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1493" sha1="ltcjtepstcfxbu5deylyyqytx0phjwc" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Heitou tyousyuutin.svg|right|thumb|200px|a tja mapacunan aicu a i tua pinui'akavanan a '''tjiuceng'''.]]
== tjiuceng ==
aicu a tjiuceng(潮州鎮)（[[pinairangan]]: Tiô-chiu-tìn)  a sepairang a 'inaljan itua pinuiakavanan.  imaza i pinuiakavanan i [[tjuvecekadan]] a kinaizuanan,  sa izua 53zukulj a cawcau  imaza i tjiuceng. aicu a i tjuiceng namasanliav a zukuan. marupaiwanzuku, pairang kata ngayngay.  avan a sikamasanmusalj ta kinacaecauan a zen itua [[Qakaw king|akav]] uta.  

a i  sekacedas katua virili avan a manman(萬巒鄉), ljakua nu pasusu tua djalan a 林後四林, makaya djemaljun ta  pinutjalja'avusan. ayatua a kinaizuanan a nasededet itua pinutjalja'avusan kata pinuikulaljucan, sa tjuruvu cawcau na kacalisian a malivu ta imaza.

'aku pinaka &quot; tjiuceng &quot; aicu a zen a ngadan nuasihu？ ayatua, katalju 1726 a cavilj, tjuruvuanga a cawcau na sepairang a kemasi 廣東省潮州府 malivu taicu a kadjungan saka mavacuk kata sikavaljut. manasika, sinipapungadan tiamadju a ngadan nua patagilj a 'inaljan &quot;潮州&quot; tuaicu a kadjunangan. 

== pinacalivatan ==
katjaisangas, aza tjiuceng izua liavanga zukuan a sinkavaljutan imaza tjiuceng. namaya aza 'inaljan a lili(力力社) kata ciaten(加藤社), a mapenetj tua maligu a &quot; alu a 'inaljan i pinuihunsanan &quot; a se makatauzukuan. ka talju ziday ni kangsi (康熙時期) i ciukuku, aza tjaizing i sisepang (施世榜) na ljawita a sihu, venelit ta kadjunangan tjai ljacalisiyanan tu malivu a pairang a makaya mavacuk.</text>
      <sha1>ltcjtepstcfxbu5deylyyqytx0phjwc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:doc</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>679</id>
    <redirect title="kakivauvaljan:Documentation" />
    <revision>
      <id>11452</id>
      <timestamp>2022-10-13T17:49:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>1234qwer1234qwer4</username>
        <id>202</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>has transclusion, common alias</comment>
      <origin>11452</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="45" sha1="fip9x7blvuwy2q2jd6nvcv3ffeza60g" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[kakivauvaljan:Documentation]]</text>
      <sha1>fip9x7blvuwy2q2jd6nvcv3ffeza60g</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>taigaku nua qakaw</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>680</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11464</id>
      <parentid>11463</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-10-17T00:57:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kakituluan tua mapapavelian nua qakaw */ #ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11464</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1906" sha1="t81o3oi530985di6zokhna1ljvknd4t" xml:space="preserve">[[File:屏東大學教育大樓.jpg|thumb|right|200px|]]

aicu a nua sihu a hitu daigaku, (屏大 a cinukukan aya, NPTU a inamilikan aya), avan a ita daigaku i pinu i akavan. kemasi 2014 a caviljan alu a qiljasan ita a qadavan, namatevelj katua hitu a daigaku pakata kituluan katua hitu a tatuluan pakata kuba a sengsengan a gaku. izua sepatj a kadjunangan nua hitu daigaku, napaqaqarut i lizuk nua akaw katua i ceceng a guan, siyanga izua pitju a kakituluan, izuanan ita a tatakesian nua kakedrian. katjaisangas aicu a hitu daigaku avan a kemasi gakku pakatua kisantemulu ka i ripun a djiday sa izua aza gakku pakatua kuba a sengsengan nalemingdjelj ka 1991 a caviljan. katjaivililj namatevelj anga izua pitju a kakituluan, 32 a 學系, 30 supu a 碩士班 katua ita 博士班. namasan a maretimaljimalji a kinakemudanan a daigaku tucu. 

a i qakawking aicu a '''taigaku nua qakaw'''.

==kakituluan==

===kakituluan tua mapapavelian nua qakaw===
a i qakaw a lizuk nua i qakaw kuan mavan aicu a kagakuan tua mapapavelian nua qakaw. pasusangas a kinitjuveqacan a gaku tua mapapavelian nua qakaw nua kuka imaza ka i caviljan a 1991. a imaza i kagakuan aicu izua caquan/pucaquan tua temeveljan, caquan tua papakeljangan (neka nu kakituluan tua venarungan tua papakeljangan), caquan tua kaqinaljanan katua sikataqaljan (izua kakituluan tua kai nua amilika katua drinipungan) katua caquan nua kavulungan.

== a sauzayan nua kakudanan na gakku ==
aza umaqan ni malailaing na gakku kasicuacuayan: ka ripunanan, izua a cawcau a uri saljinga ta semangakku tiamadju a pimaza, qaw uri papupaysu tiamadju tua sinanumaqan na kasiw tu drusa puluq saka sepatj a umaqan i kaledep taza gakku. 

ka ciukuanan, napinaljavak na 台糖屏東總廠 taicu a umaqan. ka 1946 a cavilj, sipaveli a 台糖屏東總場 tua aicu a gakku. aicu a kasiw a umaqan ka ripunanan, izuazua a malje pitju a malailing nua gakku itua aicu a umaq.</text>
      <sha1>t81o3oi530985di6zokhna1ljvknd4t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:delete</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>681</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11454</id>
      <timestamp>2022-10-15T01:21:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Rschen7754</username>
        <id>99</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「{| style=&quot;margin:0.5em; padding:0.5em; background:#FEE; border:1px solid #999;&quot; |- | [[Image:Icono aviso borrar.png|60px|left]] | &lt;big&gt;'''This page has been nominated for speedy deletion.'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The reason given is &quot;{{{1}}}&quot;. If you disagree with its speedy deletion, please explain why on [[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|its talk page]].  If this page obviously does not meet the criteria for speedy deletion, or you intend to fix it, please remove this notice, but d…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>11454</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="935" sha1="gxn8g5r17r8td21qlw8buw1irtw3ewj" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;margin:0.5em; padding:0.5em; background:#FEE; border:1px solid #999;&quot;
|-
| [[Image:Icono aviso borrar.png|60px|left]]
| &lt;big&gt;'''This page has been nominated for speedy deletion.'''&lt;/big&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The reason given is &quot;{{{1}}}&quot;. If you disagree with its speedy deletion, please explain why on [[{{TALKPAGENAME}}|its talk page]].  If this page obviously does not meet the criteria for speedy deletion, or you intend to fix it, please remove this notice, but do not remove this notice from a page that you have created yourself.

&lt;span class=&quot;plainlinks&quot;&gt;''Administrators, remember to check  [[Special:Whatlinkshere/{{FULLPAGENAME}}|if anything links here]] and [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=history}} the page history] ([{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|diff=0}} last edit]) before [{{fullurl:{{FULLPAGENAME}}|action=delete}} deletion].''&lt;/span&gt;
|}&lt;includeonly&gt;{{{category|[[Category:Candidates for speedy deletion]]}}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;</text>
      <sha1>gxn8g5r17r8td21qlw8buw1irtw3ewj</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pinapapilipiliqan:Candidates for speedy deletion</title>
    <ns>14</ns>
    <id>682</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11455</id>
      <timestamp>2022-10-15T01:21:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Rschen7754</username>
        <id>99</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「__EXPECTUNUSEDCATEGORY__ This category is used by [[m:Multilingual speedy deletions]] until local administrators are available.」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>11455</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="127" sha1="jgh1fxtihe0rj6e1wwikwkjeetah5qv" xml:space="preserve">__EXPECTUNUSEDCATEGORY__
This category is used by [[m:Multilingual speedy deletions]] until local administrators are available.</text>
      <sha1>jgh1fxtihe0rj6e1wwikwkjeetah5qv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tjeves</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>683</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11469</id>
      <parentid>11468</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-10-17T08:17:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11469</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1365" sha1="avnsqnze4jlg2pk4ja65roy183cnudo" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Zelkova serrata 10zz.jpg|縮圖|304x304像素|aicu a asav na tjeves.]]
masanliawliaw aicu a kasiw izua i ciuku, ripun, hanguk(韓國) kata [[Taiwan|taiwan]], avan a kudrakudral a maurag a kasiw. qaw caljeqil aravac aza kasiw na '''tjeves'''.

== sikakudanan ==
semanpazangal aravac taicu a kasiw na tjeves a payuwan tu sinanumaqan, mavan a seman taza tjaljapazangal a qeluz kata sasuayan. sinantjukutjuku na palidring naicu a tjeves a kasiw a cawcau kacauyanga.

qaw, nu seman ta kanupitj a [[pulingaw]] kasicuayanga, uri kikasiw ta caljeqil kata inika madjulu a macemu a kasiw tiamadju, sa sinankanupitj naza kasiw tiamadju. saka, aza tjaljanguanguaqan a kasiw, mavan a tjeves aya.

== milimilingan ==
izua a milimilingan a setjuabar: kasicuacuayanga, izua a sevalitan na tjuabar a setavat taizua a kadjunangan. qaw uri mavacuk tiamadju itjayteku taicu a drusa a tjeves a kasiw, sa napasemalaw tiamadju tjai sevalitan tu inika maqati a semeqas taicu a drusa a tjeves.

ljakua, izua a [[Pairang|pairang]] a semagadu tu semeqas taicu a drusa a tjeves nuciukuanga, qaw nekanga a sepi itua tjuabar aya. qaw, aza [[Pairang|pairang]] a semeqas taza kasiw, nekanga qimang niamatju nutjaivilj uta.

== kaizuanan ==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P297。</text>
      <sha1>avnsqnze4jlg2pk4ja65roy183cnudo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>taicitiyan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>684</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11486</id>
      <parentid>11471</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-11-02T20:57:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>CommonsDelinker</username>
        <id>41</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Removing [[:c:File:TSMC_F12.jpg|TSMC_F12.jpg]], it has been deleted from Commons by [[:c:User:Yann|Yann]] because: as per [[:c:COM:SPEEDY|]]..</comment>
      <origin>11486</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="80" sha1="7rt0dlg0xcowhz54vm2x14cy4h9jqif" xml:space="preserve">'''taicitiyan''' (kai nua amilika: Taiwan Semiconductor Manufacturing Co., Ltd.)</text>
      <sha1>7rt0dlg0xcowhz54vm2x14cy4h9jqif</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>MediaWiki:GrowthMentors.json</title>
    <ns>8</ns>
    <id>686</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11479</id>
      <timestamp>2022-10-26T13:16:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MediaWiki default</username>
        <id>353</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Migrate wikitext mentor list to a structured form ([[:phab:T264343]])</comment>
      <origin>11479</origin>
      <model>json</model>
      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="21" sha1="dn46w1g5znu799elq35nkxlad6w2krp" xml:space="preserve">{
    &quot;Mentors&quot;: []
}</text>
      <sha1>dn46w1g5znu799elq35nkxlad6w2krp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>abulakili</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>687</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11535</id>
      <parentid>11491</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-11-07T01:59:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11535</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="572" sha1="6un9h94fjtj1o8t5fft9ghk2g41yruk" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Tung Oil Tree (Vernicia fordii) (5713670492).jpg|縮圖|281x281像素|venuciyaranga aicu a abulakili.]]
aza ngadan naicu a kasiw mavan a kemasi kai na [[Dripun|ripun]] a “アブラギリ” ayain na [[Paiwan|payuwan]].

uri temalem taicu a kasiw a sipaveli sa kipaysu a cawcau kasicuayan. maqati a sinanabura naza tjaljayan naicu a abulakili a cawcau. maqati a seman tua bintu a haku kata kasiw a kucu.

==kaizuanan==
109年度臺東縣原住民族傳統知識刊物集──植物篇 原住民傳統生活中的植物運用。呂美琴主編。P88。</text>
      <sha1>6un9h94fjtj1o8t5fft9ghk2g41yruk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>valjanay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>688</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11497</id>
      <parentid>11496</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-11-03T09:45:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11497</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="979" sha1="abq3abjmcjstxixrl2cnrqnkj79ce6a" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Flagellaria indica.jpg|縮圖|360x360像素|aicu a valjanay. aza asav niamadju, namaya tua vaudj.]]
masanlialiaw a '''valjanay''' izua i [[asiya]](亞洲) nua masanculjuculjuan a kinaqadavan, [[afika]](非洲), [[Autearua]](澳洲) kata i pasamavalj a iteku a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]], mamau ta vaudj.
izua a asav na valjanay a quringieingic, sa maqati a kemelap ta kasiw aicu a valjanay, qaw maqati uta tua kiqadaw a kipapevaljut.

==sikakudanan==
uri kivaudj ta valjanay a payuwan tu kedri a cuqus namaya tua ljaljakan, qaw venalaka taza cuqus sa sinancalis tua vengetjen ta kasiw, maqati a semancalis aicu a vaudj nu temapaw a payuwan.

==kaizuanan==
1.鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P156。

2.109年度臺東縣原住民族傳統知識刊物集──植物篇 原住民傳統生活中的植物運用。呂美琴主編。P92。</text>
      <sha1>abq3abjmcjstxixrl2cnrqnkj79ce6a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>vasa</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>689</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12404</id>
      <parentid>12403</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-12T09:40:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* palisian */</comment>
      <origin>12404</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="974" sha1="eu3im6xa10hj7u53f08qtgdod9vwna2" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Araceae Colocasia esculenta 1.jpg|縮圖|299x299像素|a asav na vasa.]]
mavan a tjaljapazangalan a lami nua [[Paiwan|payuwan]] aicu a '''vasa''', qaw izua a maretimaljimalji a vasa i quma na [[Paiwan|payuwan]].

uri kivasa a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] tu capain sa sinan ta [[aradj]] kasicuayan.

pinicapa na [[Paiwan|payuwan]] ta vasa izua ivavaw ta qepuan a cekes tu cemapacapa tu liawanan a qadaw, qaw masan ta kakanen nua [[Paiwan|payuwan]] aicu a vasa sa maqati a semeliulj tiamadju nu magaku a masengseng kasicuayan.

==palisian==
izua palisian a patjara vasa na payuwan.

==capain==
aicu a kinakina na vasa tja capain a seman aradj

==uming==
sangua’ aravac azua cinavu tua uming a ’avay.

==aradj==
aicu a qapulu na vasa tja capain a seman aradj. nu vaik a cinunan a semagadu kemacu ta [[aradj]].

== kaizuanan ==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P170。</text>
      <sha1>eu3im6xa10hj7u53f08qtgdod9vwna2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:Delete</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>692</id>
    <redirect title="kakivauvaljan:delete" />
    <revision>
      <id>11534</id>
      <timestamp>2022-11-06T14:34:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>1234qwer1234qwer4</username>
        <id>202</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>apparently used by TWG</comment>
      <origin>11534</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="38" sha1="m1w8414p3edo6e8xft8eeey4w9iiclm" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[kakivauvaljan:delete]]</text>
      <sha1>m1w8414p3edo6e8xft8eeey4w9iiclm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pangangac</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>693</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11542</id>
      <parentid>11541</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-11-08T13:46:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11542</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1476" sha1="mcx8jnm9lynxo9ln9ghvuiaund4a1fo" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Polyspora axillaris 3683.JPG|縮圖|317x317像素|a vuljangaw na pangangac. ]]
masanliawliaw aicu a kasiw izua i teku a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]] a gaduan. nu venuciyaranga aicu a '''pangangac''' nu drusa kata tjelu a qiljasan, masanliaw a vucelay a vuljangaw i teku ta kasiw, sa kemeljangitjen tu mangetjetjez a kaljavevuan.

== sikakudan ==
caljeqil aravac a kasiw na pangangac, qaw rukikasiw taicu a pangangac a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] tu sinanqaselu a sipaisuisu ta vaqu, kata sinancukes na umaqan.

nuri puvaljawanga a [[Paiwan|payuwan]], tjapazangal a palisian a sipakisudju tua sipapuvaljaw, qaw makakeljakeljang uta a mareka matjaljaljak tazuwa.

sa, uri kemacu ta liaw a nanguanguaqan a kasiw a uqaljay sa pavayan ta vavayan. qaw, aicu a kasiw mavan a caljaqil, masevec kata sedjaljep a sipapecungu a kasiw. sa aicu a pangangac, uri kacuin na payuwan a uqaljay.

qaca sa nguljingulj aicu a vuljangaw na pangangac. nu venuciyar aza vucelay a vuljangaw, izua a liaw a tjaynan a kialju tua vuljangaw, sa sipapungadan taicu a kasiw a “pangac” aya a [[Paiwan|payuwan]].

tjaljatjengelayan ta kakanen aicu a ledjeledje na pangangac a sizi, maqati uta a sedjeljep aicu a  kasiw a semandringay a [[cinunan]]. sa tjengelay a pudrinay a [[cinunan]] i dudut taicu a pangangac.

== kaizuanan ==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P73。</text>
      <sha1>mcx8jnm9lynxo9ln9ghvuiaund4a1fo</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>vanaq</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>696</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11551</id>
      <parentid>11550</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-11-14T02:18:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11551</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1227" sha1="17yp0knv49j2czr4hx78f841kyvmqmb" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Ficus septica pollinated figs.JPG|縮圖|302x302像素|aicu a vangalj na vanaq. tjengelay a kakanen na qemuziquzip.]]
izua a tjakai a “vana’” aya, mamau taicu a kasiw uta.
masanliawliaw aicu a '''vanaq''' izua i gaduan kata kazatjan na [[Taiwan|taiwan]] a kadjunangnan, avan a tjakedri a kasiw.
qaw, izua a tjaqinaljan a ngadan, masa liaw aicu a vanaq a kasiw kasicuayan, sa papungadan tua “tjuavanaq” aya.

== sikakudan ==
aza tjaljacacaquan a [[cinunan]], inika amin a saigu a qemaljup tiamadju, tjapazangalan ta kemeljang tu anemanema a kakanen na sacemel kata inuwan a kinaizuavan na cemel i gadu. izua a kemaljavaljava a cawcau tua sacemel, mavanga a nugiwzing. ljakua, nuri pudringay iteku taicu a kasiw a vanaq tua djemameq taza cia kata drail, mavananga [[cinunan]] a sikaquljupan.

qaw, maqati uta a sinanculj naicu a kasiw a asav.

== kaizuanan ==
1. 鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P266。

2. 109年度台東縣原住民族傳統知識刊物集-植物篇 原住民傳統生活中的植物運用。呂美琴主編。P84。

3. 《恩麻尤布emaljup》，金峰鄉公所出版。P41、42。</text>
      <sha1>17yp0knv49j2czr4hx78f841kyvmqmb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>qazavay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>697</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11558</id>
      <parentid>11557</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-11-18T09:39:03Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11558</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1171" sha1="esgxwsn0vfcfidj0devn2wqbmjlchtr" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:大葉楠 Machilus kusanoi 20220210142904 05.jpg|縮圖|293x293像素|aicu a qazavay/ 'azavay.]]
izua a tjakai a “'''’azavay'''” aya taicu a kasiw uta. aicu a kasiw a '''qazavay''', amin a izuazua i cemecemel imaza i taiwan a kadjunangan.

== sikakudan ==
napacunanga a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] a [[cinunan]] taza vavuy, tjaljatjengelayan a kakanen ta vangalj na qazavay tiamadju, sa uri kemaljavaljava izua a [[cinunan]], qaw maqati a kivavuy tiamadju.

tjengelay uta a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] a cinacan ta vangalj na qazavay aza cinapan a vutjulj na vavuy kata kinesa a lami. sa tjaljapazangalan aicu a vangalj na qazavay nu kemesakesa a [[Paiwan|payuwan]]. 

uri meqaca tu kudrakudral aravac aicu a kasiw a qazavay, avan a tjaljaqacan a kasiw izua i cemecemel, sa aicu a kasiw na qazavay, maqati a malap tu sinanqinaljivan kata djeljep na umaqan a [[Paiwan|payuwan]].

== kaizuanan ==

# 鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P69。
# 109年度台東縣原住民族傳統知識刊物集-植物篇 原住民傳統生活中的植物運用。呂美琴主編。P87。</text>
      <sha1>esgxwsn0vfcfidj0devn2wqbmjlchtr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>viniqu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>698</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11567</id>
      <parentid>11566</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-11-22T13:57:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11567</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1587" sha1="0n36fyx1fwegcnepgyabi8g0ft8ixti" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Many-banded Krait (Bungarus multicinctus) 銀環蛇6.jpg|縮圖|344x344像素|aicu a viniqu. izua a vinecikan itua kinacavacavan niamadju.]]
aicu a '''viniqu''' mavan a ita a kemasi tua unem a duku a qatjuvi i [[Taiwan|taiwan]].

== kinakemudan ==
izua a qucengecengel kata vuteqiveqilj a vinecikan itua kinacavacavan naicu a qatjuvi, mavan a likupukupu aza vincikan. qadjaw nu izua a kemasi a tjelu a puluq tua lima a puluq a vinecikan, qaw izua uta a kemasi a siva tua tapuluq saka lima a vinecikan i iku na viniqu. qucengecengel a drengelan na viniqu, ljakua tjaliaw a qucengecengel tua vuteqiteqilj.

== kudakudanan ==
aicu a viniqu mavan a duku a qatjuvi, ljakua ini’a madjulu a kemac ta zuma tiamadju. nu izua a cawcau a mangetjez, uri mavilad tiamadju numaya, tuki kiqilja aza qulu niamadju iteku ta kinacavacavan. uri qemucilu a viniqu nu alu kata siva a qiljasan a ljemita ta cavilj, qaw, uri qemucilu tiamadju tu tjelu tua drusa a puluq a qecilu. nu ru drusa a cavilj, aza qecilu, uri sipualjak tua qatjuvi.

== kinavadavadayan ==
masanliawliaw a viniqu izua i pasanavalj ta chuku, hangkang(香港), mianmar(緬甸), taiwan, vitenam(越南). rusevacaq a viniqu nu salilim, qaw tjengelay aravac tiamadju tua ljiadet ta pana, sa uri kakanen taza ciqaw, ceqel, qatjuvi kata kulavaw niamadju. ljakua, tucuanga, tjengelay a djemameq ta qatjuvi sa kemapalak tua ‘uma’umaqan na viniqu a cawcau, sa tjakedriyanga aicu a viniqu tucu.

== kaizuanan ==
維基百科-雨傘節，網址: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E9%8A%80%E7%92%B0%E8%9B%87。&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
      <sha1>0n36fyx1fwegcnepgyabi8g0ft8ixti</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>susi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>700</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11578</id>
      <parentid>11577</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-12-06T09:00:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* pinaparetimaljian a susi */</comment>
      <origin>11578</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="358" sha1="ei4lix6secrfep1iysqq12wv0rtzfu1" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Various sushi, beautiful October night at midnight.jpg|right|thumb|300px|susi aicu.]]
a tja kineljang aicu a '''susi''' mavan a [[Dripun|drinipungan]] a djamay.

==pinaparetimaljian a susi==

===drinipungan a susi===
===tinayuanan a susi===
napaljavak a sihu nua sedripung katjaisangas manasika izuazua a tja mapacunan aicu a susi imaza i tayuan tucu.</text>
      <sha1>ei4lix6secrfep1iysqq12wv0rtzfu1</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>zangav</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>701</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12663</id>
      <parentid>11583</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-11T00:54:39Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* sikakudan */</comment>
      <origin>12663</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="937" sha1="ldk6p1r7mcm7p0lsz1fq324pwlbls5l" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Piper betle Blanco1.12-cropped.jpg|縮圖|361x361像素|aicu a zangav.]]
aicu a '''zangav''', masaliawliaw izua i pasanavalj tua hangu(韓國), ripun, i pasanavalj tua chuku kata i teku a sasusuan tua vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]] a cemecemel. aicu a cemel mavanga a vaudj a uri kikerap izua itua kasiw kata qaciljay.

== sikakudan ==
maqati a kizangav tua sipucemel tua qesang sa natarivak tua vicuka na cawcau. aicu a zangav katua [[saviki]] patatauden a temalem.

qaw, aza [[saviki]], qavu kata zangav mavan a tjaljapazangalan nua [[Paiwan|payuwan]] nu mapuapu tiamadju. saka, izua a [[saviki]], qavu kata zangav nu uri pucekelj kata penaljang a [[Paiwan|payuwan]].

uri kakanen taza vuciar na zangav a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] avan a putju aya tiamadju.

== kaizuanan ==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P224。</text>
      <sha1>ldk6p1r7mcm7p0lsz1fq324pwlbls5l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>drangadrang sung</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>702</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11591</id>
      <parentid>11590</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-12-07T14:03:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11591</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1900" sha1="6g4vh0mt71rjmed71uam638m1rf8mfg" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:宋青陽.jpg|縮圖|ti drangadrang nu malalumalj tua mekelj i vavaw ta kuli(滑冰).]]
ti '''drangadrang sung(宋青陽)''', serudrakes nua [[Jinfeng|kinzang]] a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] tiamadju. tjaljamaca’u timadju a malalumalj tua mekelj i vavaw ta kuli(滑冰), sa napapapiliq a sihu tjaimadju tua malalumalj.

ka malalumalj tua mekelj i vavaw ta kuli ti drangadrang katjasangas, izua pinakalevan timadju nua asiya a undukay(亞洲運動會) ka 2010 a cavailj. mavan izua i tjelu a tayday a marutadjekuacan kata lima a tayday a marutadjekuacan a kinacadjan a sipaqayaqayam tiamadju tazaw. sa icibang ti drangadrang.

qaw, ka 2017 a cavilj a undukay na daykagu nua kacauwan (世大運), malalumalj tua mekelj i tua kuli ti drangadrang itua tjelu a kuzulj a marutadjekuacan a kinacadjan, icibang ti drangadrang uta!

izua a nakiqepuan ti drangadrang ta malalumalj tua mekelj i vavaw ta kuli ka 2013 kata 2014 a cavilj, mavan izua i lima a tayday a marutadjekuacan kata itakuzulj a marutadjekuacan a kinacadjan a sipaqayaqayam tiamadju tazaw.

qaw, maliqepuan timadju uta tua aulipik(奧林匹克) a undnkay nua uqaljaqaljay ka kaljaljaljeqelan, sa izua i lima a tayday a marutadjekuacan kata itakuzulj a marutadjekuacan a kinacadjan a sipaqayaqayam tiamadju, qaw napaljavak timadju ta lalaya nua [[Taiwan|taiwan]].

ka 2013 a cavalj a undukay na daykagu nua kacauwan ka kaljaljaljeqelan, izua pinakalevan uta ti drangadrang a malalumalj tua mekelj i vavaw ta kuli timadju i itakuzulj a marutadjekuacan a kinacadjan.

qaw, tucuanga, aicu a kinasikingan ni drangadrang tua malalumalj tua mekelj i tua kuli izua i lima a tayday a marutadjekuacan kata itakuzulj a marutadjekuacan a kinacadjan a sipaqayaqayam, mavan a tjaljanguaqan a kinasikingan uta na [[Taiwan|taiwan]].

== kaizuanan ==
宋青陽-中華奧林匹克委員會&lt;ref&gt;https://www.tpenoc.net/athlete/ching-yang-sung/&lt;/ref&gt;</text>
      <sha1>6g4vh0mt71rjmed71uam638m1rf8mfg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>setjimur a kinateveteveljan a semanziyan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>703</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11626</id>
      <parentid>11625</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-12-22T01:55:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11626</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1277" sha1="kqtt8r3kz97nr950tuijye9c9me6yez" xml:space="preserve">a tja kineljang aicu a '''setjimur a kinateveteveljan a semanziyan''' avan a sikamasanitalj a [[Paiwan|sepayuan]] a kinateveteveljan i tayuan a ruziyaziayanan tua situcuan a ziyan. na qinati sa kinateveteveljan nua kilailaingan niamadju a i ljuzem lja madiljin a setjimur ka i 2006 a caviljan.&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.tjimur.com/3836426044339222570529246.html vinecikan a patjara cinalivatan nua setjimur a kinateveteveljan a semanziyan i tua sapitj niamadju a maka tua banglu.]&lt;/ref&gt; ka patagilj ti baru lja madiljin (a setjimur uta) a semanziyan kata kisanpaljavak tua sinanziyan niamadju tazua. kinasizuanan niamadju a pinaka tjimur a qinaljan nua i pasaqakaw. a kemasi cinalivatan a kicaquan tua kasicuayan a ziyan nua sepayuan a kinipusengsengan niamadju a semanziyan tua situcuan.

==cinalivatan==
a kemasi qinatian nua setjimur a kinateveteveljan a semanziyan a patjetucu mavan a 16 anga a cavilj.

==sinanziyan==
===mananigai (i caviljan a 2010)===
===kavaluan (i caviljan a 2011)===
===kavuluan (i caviljan a 2012)===
===kurakuraw (i caviljan a 2013)===
===umaq (i caviljan a 2013)===
===qai~ i (i caviljan a 2014)===
===varung (i caviljan a 2017)===
===calisi (i caviljan a 2018)===
===kemeljang (i caviljan a 2021)===
===bulabulay mun? (i caviljan a 2022)===

==kasizuanan==</text>
      <sha1>kqtt8r3kz97nr950tuijye9c9me6yez</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kulisimas</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>705</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12111</id>
      <parentid>11638</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-12-26T12:32:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Aybeg</username>
        <id>1595</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12111</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="712" sha1="p6m4xwowuphwtwra10tz4thhfw404lb" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Adoration of the Shepherds, Murillo (Prado Museum).jpg|縮圖|280x280px|aicu a kulisimas, avan a pinualjakan nua yisu ka tapuluq saka drusa a qiljasan kata drusa puluq saka lima a qadaw.]]
aicu a kulisimas, avan a pinualjakan nua [[yisu]] ka tapuluq saka drusa a qiljasan kata drusa puluq saka lima a qadaw, sa kipaqenetjan nua [[kiukay|kiwkay]] taicu a qadaw. qaw, nu mangetjezanga a kulisimas, uri semantaliduan a cawcau tucuwanga.
qaw, izua i qinaljan na sinzia na valjaka, uri pulavayanga tiamadju nu kulisimas tua sikalevan taicu a qadaw.&lt;ref&gt;https://e-dictionary.ilrdf.org.tw/pwn/terms/306378.htm&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%9C%A3%E8%AF%9E%E8%8A%82&lt;/ref&gt;

== kaizuanan ==</text>
      <sha1>p6m4xwowuphwtwra10tz4thhfw404lb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>a ramaljeng katua ljavek</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>706</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12274</id>
      <parentid>11645</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T04:48:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kasizuanan */</comment>
      <origin>12274</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="685" sha1="44tardxy6u9grnap7151bf99aj9ft5v" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ernest Hemingway The old man Jonathan Cape 1952 Title.jpg|thumb|right|200px|sunatj '''a ramaljeng katua ljavek''' aicu.]]
ka sinantjaucikel ni Ernest Hemingway i Cayo Blanco (Cuba) taicu a tjaucikelan '''a ramaljeng katua ljavek''' ka i caviljan a 1951. manu sinansunatj sa papukeljang katjaivililj i caviljan a 1952. aicu a tjaucikelan mavan a tjaljapuliguan ti Ernest Hemingway.

na pinapuliguan aicu a tjaucikelan tua [[papuligu ni nuabil tua venecik ta kininemeneman]] i caviljan a 1953.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.nobelprize.org/prizes/literature/1954/summary/ &quot;The Nobel Prize in Literature 1954&quot;.] The Nobel Foundation. Retrieved March 23, 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;
==kasizuanan==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>44tardxy6u9grnap7151bf99aj9ft5v</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pakituluan tua ljingav nua tja kai</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>707</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11644</id>
      <parentid>11643</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-12-27T03:23:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11644</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="677" sha1="9ub3l5qzeyj7bg77ximj16cda1ig64t" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Hunminjeongum.jpg|thumb|right|250px|hunminjeongeum ayatjen avan a '''pakituluan tua ljingav nua tja kai''' tua caucau a sekuriya.]]
a tja kineljang uta sa hunminjeongeum aya taicu a '''pakituluan tua ljingav nua tja kai''' (kinuriyan: &lt;small&gt;훈민정음&lt;/small&gt;; vinecikan nua seciukuk: &lt;small&gt;訓民正音&lt;/small&gt;) mavan a sinipasemalavan tua vaquan a vinecikan nua kinuriyan (kai nua kuriya). pasusangas a sivecivecik nua caucau a sekuriya avan a vinecikan nua [[Tailiku|seciukuk]] tua kai niamadju.&lt;ref&gt;&quot;[https://www.korean.go.kr/eng_hangeul/setting/001.html :::::::: 알고 싶은 한글 ::::::::&quot;]. www.korean.go.kr. Retrieved April 28, 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;

==kasizuanan==</text>
      <sha1>9ub3l5qzeyj7bg77ximj16cda1ig64t</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tjumaljiaqaljan a caucau</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>708</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12275</id>
      <parentid>11893</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-16T04:54:16Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12275</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="451" sha1="9051yv62tivnrtynluzexfs40a3x8yc" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:L'Étranger - Albert Camus.jpg|thumb|200px|right|aicu a sunatj nua '''tjumaljiaqaljan a caucau'''.]]
sipapukeljang i caviljan a 1942 aicu a sinansunatj a '''tjumaljiaqaljan a caucau''' (pinaka L'Étranger&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ebooksgratuits.com/html/camus_l_etranger.html L'Étranger], ebooksgratuits.com; HTML format, public domain in Canada&lt;/ref&gt;) mavan a sangasangasan a sinantjaucikel ni Albert Camus.

==kasizuanan==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>9051yv62tivnrtynluzexfs40a3x8yc</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>vuciyulj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>709</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11651</id>
      <parentid>11650</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-12-28T09:15:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11651</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1100" sha1="oup1upr8296i0wlp1ti79bkusyh5cdw" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Erythrina variegata Blanco1.217-cropped.jpg|縮圖|317x317像素|aicu a vuciyulj.]]
masanliawliaw aicu a '''vuciyulj''' izua i asiya i kinaqadavan na maculjuculjuan a kadjunangan, i kadjunangan itua taypingyan a ljavek, kata liwkiw. qaw liaw aicu a kasiw i lizukan kata gaduan i [[Taiwan|taiwan]].

napapungadan uta a cawcau taicu a kasiw ta “a kasiw namaya tua kaku” aya, masa matu qulu na kaku aicu a vuljangaw na vuciyulj. qaw, uri venuciyar nu drusa a qiljasan kata tjelu a qiljasan a ljemita a cavilj aicu a kasiw. saka, uri kinemenem tua pataqiljanga a cavilj itua senavalj nu venuciyar a vuciyulj.

== sikakudan ==
nasulapelj aza kasiw naicu a vuciyulj, sa qinapaz taicu a kasiw na [[Paiwan|payuwan]]. qaw, maqati a sinanlalidringan naicu a kasiw na vuciyulj uta. sa sinanvalji na kasiw a vuciyulj tua semankubav a [[Paiwan|payuwan]], masa inika tjengelay a kemac a kulavaw tuaza vinalji a kubav na kasiw a vuciyulj.

== kaizuanan ==
鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎編(2005)，《排灣族民族植物》，行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P177。</text>
      <sha1>oup1upr8296i0wlp1ti79bkusyh5cdw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>medea</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>710</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11657</id>
      <parentid>11656</parentid>
      <timestamp>2022-12-29T05:14:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11657</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="692" sha1="k7phsczgoopge71v5q6r6w5x17a1wxw" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Medea, con los hijos muertos, huye de Corinto en un carro tirado por dragones (Museo del Prado).jpg|thumb|right|200px|ni ''Germán Hernández Amores'' a zinuga aicu a ti '''medea'''.]]
a tja kineljang aicu a ti '''medea''' i tua milimilingan nua segeris (Greece) mavan aljak a vavayan nua mazangilj nua secolchis (Colchis) i aites (Aeëtes), a vuvu a vavayan nua cemas nua qadav i hilius (Helios). a kemasi sinansenay a tjiuguni (Theogony) ni hisiud (Hesiod) a tjevuta ti medea a kiseljang tjai djasun (Jason) kati argunauc (Argonauts) namatazua i pasusangas tua 2700 a cavilj (700 BCE) a vinecikan tua milimilingan.&lt;ref&gt;[[w:en:Hesiod|Hesiod]] Theogony 993–1002&lt;/ref&gt;

==kasizuanan==</text>
      <sha1>k7phsczgoopge71v5q6r6w5x17a1wxw</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rak in rul</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>711</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12581</id>
      <parentid>11670</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-16T10:07:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kasizuanan */kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12581</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1407" sha1="dxs4203quric6qe7gmsxtxggyyfho7l" xml:space="preserve">nua [[sebaljak]] aicu a '''rak in rul''' (rock &amp; roll) mavan a masanitalj a sikudakuda tua pazaingan ka temagilj a kemasi qadjav a caviljan a 1940 a patje caviljan a 1960.&lt;ref&gt;[[w:en:Christopher John Farley|Farley, Christopher John]] (July 6, 2004). [https://web.archive.org/web/20130817051714/http://www.time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,661084,00.html &quot;Elvis Rocks But He's Not the First&quot;]. [[w:en:Time (magazine)|Time]]. Archived from the [https://time.com/time/arts/article/0,8599,661084,00.html original] on August 17, 2013. Retrieved July 3, 2009.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[[w:en:Jim Dawson|Jim Dawson]] and Steve Propes, What Was The First Rock'n'Roll Record, 1992, ISBN 0-571-12939-0&lt;/ref&gt; kinasizuan a sizaingan nua [[inavrikan]] a [[binaljakan]] (African-American) tua rak in rul avan a [[djaz]] (Jazz), [[r katua b]] (R&amp;B), [[bugi wugi]] (boogie woogie), [[guspil]] (gospel).

ljaki sema [[piyanu]] (piano), ljaki sema [[saksevung]] (saxophone), a namasantjaljapazangal a sipazaizaing tua tjaisangasangas a sizaingan nua rak in rul tazua. katjaiviliviljitjen a patagilj a sema [[gitar]] (guitar) a pazaing tua rak in rul kamasi qadjav a caviljan a 1955.&lt;ref&gt;S. Evans, &quot;The development of the Blues&quot; in A. F. Moore, ed., [[w:en:List of Cambridge Companions to Music|The Cambridge companion to blues and gospel music]] (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2002), pp. 40–42.&lt;/ref&gt;
== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>dxs4203quric6qe7gmsxtxggyyfho7l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hangul</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>712</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12622</id>
      <parentid>11692</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-21T06:05:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>218.158.10.163</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>the term 한글 does not have hanja. someone has been adding the nonsensical hanja spelling 韓㐎 everywhere</comment>
      <origin>12622</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2244" sha1="lwa6ymed9q1jw8zaxlbl9lxmod9ttiy" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Hangul chosongul fontembed.svg|thumb|right|200px|aicu a hangul a sinivecik nua hinankukuan]]
nakemasi &quot;[[pakituluan tua ljingav nua tja kai|pakituluan tua ljingav nua tja kai (hunminjeongeum)]]&quot; aicu a '''hangul''' (sinivecik nua hinankukuan: 한글; sinivecik nua binaljakan: Hangeul&lt;ref&gt;[네이버 영어사전] Hangeul&lt;/ref&gt;) mavan a sinivecik nua sihu nua sehankuk tua hinankukuan (kai nua sehankuk). na kitjuveqac ti sezung satjaljavavavan (Sejong the Great) tua hangul, saka papukeljangi taicu a sinivecik kemasi tua patagiljan tua 1900 a cavilj a patje tucu.&lt;ref&gt;[https://terms.naver.com/entry.naver?docId=1176403&amp;cid=40942&amp;categoryId=33384 [네이버 지식백과&lt;nowiki&gt;]&lt;/nowiki&gt; 조선어연구회 [朝鮮語硏究會&lt;nowiki&gt;]&lt;/nowiki&gt; (두산백과)]...국어연구학회는 1911년 9월 3일 '배달말·글모음'으로 이름을 바꾸었고, 1913년 3월 23일 '한글모'로 개칭하였다가..(중략)..1927년 3월부터는 기관지 《한글》을 간행하여 한글의 보급과 선전에 힘썼으나..(이하생략)&lt;/ref&gt; a tja kineljang tu aicu a tja siaya a hangul (한글) avan a pinapungadan ni djusetjing (주시경; Ju Si-gyeong)&lt;ref&gt;정재환 &lt;나라말이 사라진 날&gt; 생각정원 2020 p55....최현배는 '한글'이란 말을 주시경이 지었다고 했다.&lt;/ref&gt;, pasamalavi tua patarevan nua hangul mavan a tjaljananguaqan a qaca a vecik ljaki qaca a vecik. saka aza vecik a namayatua sikudakuda nua sehankuk.&lt;ref&gt;[네이버 지식백과] 한글 가치의 재발견, 주시경 (우리말의 수수께끼, 2002. 4. 20., 박영준, 시정곤, 정주리, 최경봉)...'한글'이라는 명칭은 주시경에게서 비롯되었다고 한다. 이에 대한 명확한 기록은 없으나.....(중략)...'한글'은 '한(韓) 나라의 글', '큰글', '세상에서 첫째가는 글' 등으로 해석될 수 있다.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[네이버 지식백과] 한글 - 세상에서 가장 신비한 문자 (위대한 문화유산, 최준식)....‘한글’이라는 이름은 1910년대 초에 주시경 선생을 비롯한 한글학자들이 쓰기 시작한 것입니다. 여기서 ‘한’이란 크다는 것을 뜻하니, 한글은 ‘큰 글’을 말한다고 하겠습니다.&lt;/ref&gt;

==kinasizuanan==</text>
      <sha1>lwa6ymed9q1jw8zaxlbl9lxmod9ttiy</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>line</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>713</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11714</id>
      <parentid>11713</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-01-31T02:25:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11714</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="963" sha1="35c5rq5m7lok1bl3e75g567o9e6tau6" xml:space="preserve">[[File:LINE logo.svg|thumb|right|200px|aicu a vecik nua line.]]
aicu a '''line''' mavan a matjaita a tada a apu (mobile application) a tja sipatigami a sipadinghua itua suci (&lt;small&gt;手機&lt;/small&gt;) katua tingnaw. maqatitjen a sema line a papadjaljun tua sinivecik, sasing, qaqivuan tua zuma. manu izua pupaysuan nua line a pinapungadan a line pay (Line Pay).

aicu a line a namasan tjaljamakeljang a apu i [[Dripun|dripung]], i [[Taiwan|tayuan]], katua i tailend (Thailand).&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210116191952/https://www.similarweb.com/corp/blog/mobile-messaging-app-map-january-2019/ &quot;Mobile Messaging App Map of the World - January 2019&quot;]. Archived from the original on January 16, 2021. Retrieved February 10, 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.fastcompany.com/3041578/how-japans-line-app-became-a-culture-changing-revenue-generat &quot;How Japan's Line App Became a Culture-Changing, Revenue-Generating Phenomenon&quot;]. February 19, 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;
==kasizuanan==</text>
      <sha1>35c5rq5m7lok1bl3e75g567o9e6tau6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>mukav</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>714</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11710</id>
      <parentid>11701</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-01-31T02:22:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11710</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="525" sha1="3cx4qf1i5kv48ijyi3bs1crkn0q4mb5" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Gardenology.org-IMG 2387 rbgs11jan.jpg|縮圖|330x330像素|aicu a mukav.]]
pinaka ta '''muav''' uta.

aicu a cemel, masanliawliaw i tiawan, [[Lanyu|lanyu(蘭嶼)]], [[Pilipinas|pilipinas]]. qaw, nu semagaduwanga a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] a masengseng, uri kiljaseng tiamadju taicu a cemel a ledjeledje sa cemikel a sematjumaq nu qemacuvunganga sengsengan niamatju.

== kaizuanan ==
排灣族民族植物，鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎，2005。行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P277。</text>
      <sha1>3cx4qf1i5kv48ijyi3bs1crkn0q4mb5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>makav</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>715</id>
    <redirect title="mukav" />
    <revision>
      <id>11700</id>
      <timestamp>2023-01-18T05:59:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Tjaiwan pinapapigagiljigilji anga a lisadayan na sapitj kemasi ta [[makav]] a patje [[mukav]]：​標題有錯別字</comment>
      <origin>11700</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="23" sha1="ccsc0cu4sygglsapmu1hg65389j8yr7" xml:space="preserve">#重新導向 [[mukav]]</text>
      <sha1>ccsc0cu4sygglsapmu1hg65389j8yr7</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>namaya ta makatjukutjuku a sidjakadjak</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>716</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11719</id>
      <parentid>11718</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-01-31T03:20:57Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11719</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="535" sha1="cwksugx3dvnbr14r5nppjdbv1p3ufd2" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Ruben Mendoza bicycle kick.jpg|thumb|right|250px|'''namaya ta makatjukutjuku a sidjakadjak''' nua kisandjemakadjak.]]
tjaljamakeljang aicu a '''namaya ta makatjukutjuku a sidjakadjak''' i tua kinateveteveljan a djemakadjak tua buru ayata pazangal sa namaljian aicu a sidjakadjak nua kisandjemakadjak.&lt;ref&gt;[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle_kick#CITEREFTurner2011 Turner 2011], Ephemeral Goals &amp; Eternal Glory.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bicycle_kick#CITEREFWitzig2006 Witzig 2006], p. 22.&lt;/ref&gt;

==kasizuanan==</text>
      <sha1>cwksugx3dvnbr14r5nppjdbv1p3ufd2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pizza</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>717</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12247</id>
      <parentid>11943</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T14:19:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12247</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2366" sha1="f4e3q84uwovahpveinafvgl42qtck7l" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Eq it-na pizza-margherita sep2005 sml.jpg|right|thumb|250px|aicu a '''pizza''' a sipakesa tua cis katua saurig.]]
aicu a '''pizza''' nu aya mavan a namasan kinaitalian a sinan kinsa a cinapan a tjukutjuku a [[lumay]] katua [[saurig]]/[[tjamuni]], [[cis]] (cheese), [[qaruvaruvang]]/[[ramuramuq]], [[ada]], [[ljaceng]], [[vutjulj]] katua zuma a sinipatjelu a semangua'. maculju a pizza a cinapa i tua nua seitali a sicapacapan (wood-fired oven).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.oed.com/view/Entry/144843 &quot;144843&quot;]. Oxford English Dictionary (Online ed.). Oxford University Press. (Subscription or [https://www.oed.com/public/login/loggingin#withyourlibrary participating institution membership required].)&lt;/ref&gt; a tja siaya uta tua kedri a pizza avan a pizzetta. a tja siaya tua kisancemapa tua pizza avan a pizzaiolo.

matjaita a tjukutjukuan a pizza a sinipavay tua caucau i pavelian tua djamay i [[itali]]. sika sikan niamadju a [[siqunu]] katua draqadraqa (fork).&lt;ref&gt;Naylor, Tony (6 September 2019). [https://www.theguardian.com/food/2019/sep/06/how-to-eat-neapolitan-style-pizza &quot;How to eat: Neapolitan-style pizza&quot;]. The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 14 September 2019. Retrieved 20 September 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Godoy, Maria (13 January 2014). [https://www.npr.org/sections/thesalt/2014/01/13/262087618/italians-to-new-yorkers-forkgate-scandal-fuggedaboutit &quot;Italians To New Yorkers: 'Forkgate' Scandal? Fuhggedaboutit&quot;]. The Salt (blog). National Public Radio. Archived from the original on 20 September 2019. Retrieved 20 September 2019.&lt;/ref&gt;

a sangasangasan a sinivecik aicu a takalan a pizza, avan a i pinapuvecikan a [[linatinan]] (Latin) a kemasi kanavalj a qinaljan nua seitali a [[gaeta]] i [[lazio]] i tua ljaljaqetian tua [[campania]] nu i qadjav a caviljan a 900.&lt;ref&gt;Maiden, Martin. [https://web.archive.org/web/20030115224054/http://www.yourdictionary.com/library/pizza.html &quot;Linguistic Wonders Series: Pizza is a German(ic) Word&quot;]. yourDictionary.com. Archived from the original on 2003-01-15.&lt;/ref&gt; ka vineqac aicu a pizza i naples. ka pasuvililj aicu a pizza a makeljang tua i matjaliaw a kunian.&lt;ref&gt;Miller, Hanna (April–May 2006). [https://www.americanheritage.com/american-pie &quot;American Pie&quot;]. American Heritage. Archived from the original on 3 February 2012. Retrieved 4 May 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;

== kasizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>f4e3q84uwovahpveinafvgl42qtck7l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sengcingyian</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>718</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12188</id>
      <parentid>12083</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-03-21T00:35:05Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>20</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>12188</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1010" sha1="rgy9p1c9q78tmlqhprhlvyf3jg9jnaq" xml:space="preserve">rusemansenay tua sipazaing nua hip-hop ti '''sengcingyian''' a kemasi kinateveteveljan a venarung tua [[hip hap|hip-hop]] nua i tayuan taigaku (NTU Hip-hop) i [[Taiwan|tayuan]]. nakitulu timadju tua papucemelan i tayuan taigaku.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.esenmedical.com/article/dang-pi-fu-ke-yi-shi-tai-wu-liao-liao-shen-jing-yuan-xiang-cheng-wei-rao-she-jie-hou-wen-yong 當皮膚科醫師太無聊了 神經元：想成為饒舌界侯文詠]&lt;/ref&gt;

==semansenay==

==sinanljavaran==
nasemenay ti sengcingyian ka i 2023 a cavilj i tua situcuan a hip-hop (i tua tilivi) tu “nu saljinga sun a sema kakituluan tua papucemelan tjaramacaqu sun a semiking. ljakua inikanan a sinipacalivat tjanuaken a siking nimaima a masan 1.35 a tjuljuran.” pakasarekuya a tjuruvu taicu a kininemeneman a semanvililj tua sekacalisian a kisansemiking.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20230203035859/https://bccnews.com.tw/archives/385124 「乘了1.35倍還是沒我高」　台大醫學生饒舌惹毛原住民]&lt;/ref&gt;

==kasizuanan==</text>
      <sha1>rgy9p1c9q78tmlqhprhlvyf3jg9jnaq</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>puvarukuran a ealiaw</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>719</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11738</id>
      <parentid>11737</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-02-04T01:05:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* basu */ #ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11738</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="854" sha1="0wui66zqccmmcz98kmiog7dl8t9i83b" xml:space="preserve">[[File:蚵仔寮漁港(遠處可見85大樓).jpg|right|thumb|250px|a tja mapacunan aicu a '''puvarukuran a ealiaw'''.]] 
a pimaza i [[zekuan a lizuk]] nua i takaw i tua [[Taiwan|tayuan]] aicu a '''puvarukuran a ealiaw''' a pasaviri tua qezung a sinipacasaw a [[veljeluan nua tianpaw]] tua ljavek. na sema paysu tu 8,800 a kudrav a tja sihu a veneqac tua papavelian a ealiaw tua ciqaw, sa patagilji ka i 11 a qiljas 9 a qadav nua i caviljan a 2018.&lt;ref&gt;[https://news.ltn.com.tw/news/life/breakingnews/2690012 陳菊的政績讓魚友發大財 梓官蚵仔寮魚貨直銷中心買氣旺]. [2020-07-22]. （原始內容存檔於2020-07-22）.&lt;/ref&gt;

==sipacacikelan==
===basu===
izua basu a kemasi ljaljevavavan nua sinzuying tua kisiya a patje maza i puvarukuran a ealiaw mavan a qudjidjilj a kadjalan tu sikamasan 53 (kadjalan nua zukuan).

==kasizuanan==</text>
      <sha1>0wui66zqccmmcz98kmiog7dl8t9i83b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kinaizuanan nua kakukakudan nua sekacalisian</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>720</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11740</id>
      <parentid>11739</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-02-04T07:25:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11740</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="465" sha1="1xtlyys7eed313ee5mn4enqtgrj9s86" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Formosa Aboriginal Culture Village.jpg|thumb|right|250px|aicu a sasing nua '''kinaizuanan nua kakukakudan nua sekacalisian'''.]]
namakeljang a kakikangavangan i [[Taiwan|tayuan]] mavan aicu a '''kinaizuanan nua kakukakudan nua sekacalisian''' a pasamaza i qabizay nua i lamtawking. a pasa tua gadu aicu a kakivangavangan a sipapukeljang tia kakukakudan nua matjaliaw a kazukuan nua sekacalisian nua i tayuan tua zuma a namangetjez a semamaza.

==kasizuanan==</text>
      <sha1>1xtlyys7eed313ee5mn4enqtgrj9s86</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>rumazi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>721</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11944</id>
      <parentid>11744</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-06-10T15:28:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>MS Sakib</username>
        <id>1291</id>
      </contributor>
      <minor />
      <comment>([[c:GR|GR]])  [[File:Abecedarium.png]] → [[File:Abecedarium.svg]] png to svg</comment>
      <origin>11944</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="810" sha1="nxv9udthdad78w7eidayaur8ucq0znl" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Abecedarium.svg|thumb|right|250px|a tjamapacunan aicu a rumazi a sipavecik.]]
aicu a '''rumazi''' ljaki vecik nua linatinan (latin) a tja siaya uta mavan a vecik nua seruma kipavecik tua ljingav nua kai. a kemasicuayan a vecik nua linatinan izuazua mareka sipukeljang nua rumazi tua maretimaljimalji a takalan. pakata sipavecikan tua kai i tua namapapacikelan a mareka kuni (IPA), makeljanganga 26 a vecik a namapaljavak tua i ISO vecik nua linatinan. tjaljaliavan a sipakavecik aicu a rumazi tua zuma sipavecik.&lt;ref&gt;Haarmann, Harald (2004). Geschichte der Schrift [History of Writing] (in German) (2nd ed.). München: C. H. Beck. ISBN 978-3-406-47998-4.&lt;/ref&gt; manu sema aicu a rumazi a tjaljaturuvu i kacauan a semanvecikan tua matjaliaw a kai i pasa [[iyurupu]] katua zuma a kaizuanan.

==kasizuanan==</text>
      <sha1>nxv9udthdad78w7eidayaur8ucq0znl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ljumay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>722</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11793</id>
      <parentid>11792</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-02-12T04:29:43Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11793</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1954" sha1="jdtl2ezwzelj83nyjgvlm2ta6z51icj" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Spodiopogon formosanus.jpg|縮圖|369x369像素|aicu a ljumay.]]
aicu a '''ljumay''' mavan a paravac a marekatinalem i [[Taiwan|taiwan]] itua kacawan. kasicuayanga, izuanga a [[kacalisian|kacalisiyan]] a temalemanga taicu a ljumay a sinan ta lami. sa maqaitjen a kipapuljadjek nu kemakan taza ljumay a cawcau. qaw nu izuanga a kinasuqudjaljan a mangetjez, inika madjulu a macay aicu a ljumay, sa mavan a tjaljanguaqan a lami aya a cawcau tucu.

== cinalivatan ==
kacuayananga, semanpazangal taicu a ljumay a cawcau i qinaljan, ljakua tucuanga, inika kemeljang a zuma taicu a cemel i [[Taiwan|taiwan]].

natemalemanga a cawcau taicu a ljumay kacuayananga, qaw nu kinasuqudjaljan a uri mangetjez, inika [[veneve]] a zuma a tinaleman i quma, sa uri temalem taicu a ljumay a ka sangasangas itua i quma, qaw maya marekutj tu nekanga a lami matazuawa.

ka ripunanan, masanliawliaw a ljumay izua i taiwan a qinaljan, izuazua a kemasi vililj a setayar, i vacekadan a gadugaduwan a se[[Bunun|bunun]], a pasanavalj a secu a kadjunangan.

naqaqivuin a ramaljengmaljeng, nakiljumayanga, uri masiu’isu a cawcau sa lumuken aicu a ljumay, ljakua izua a quvis sa gacel a cawcau. saka inika tjengelay a temalem taza ljumay a cawcau. qaw ka tjuruvuwanga a paday i tjaqinaljan, sa nekeanga a ljumay aya. nakeman sa kemeljang taicu a ljumay a cawcau mavan a pitju kata alu a puluqanga  cavilj a ramaljengmaljeng.

== kaizuanan ==
1.    中文維基百科－台灣油芒，網址: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E5%8F%B0%E6%B9%BE%E6%B2%B9%E8%8A%92。&lt;/nowiki&gt;

2.    全球獨有，超級未來食物─台灣油芒重見天日！比水稻小麥更營養，抗旱耐鹽耐逆境。網址: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/blog/131220/。&lt;/nowiki&gt;

3.    中研院邢禹依團隊跨國研究，揭開台灣油芒身世，期許「台灣孤兒」消滅全球飢餓。網址: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://www.newsmarket.com.tw/blog/131222/。&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
      <sha1>jdtl2ezwzelj83nyjgvlm2ta6z51icj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sikakan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>723</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11847</id>
      <parentid>11846</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-02-28T14:08:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>#ALCD</comment>
      <origin>11847</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2388" sha1="276tp2unhrddkrw0eoljjm1alrf2ay6" xml:space="preserve">== langalj ==
aza vawa, mavan a tjalljapazangalan a tatekelen nu palisilisi a [[Paiwan|payuwan]], sa nasemanpazangal taicu a langalj a sipatekel taza vawa. qaw izua a maretimalji a langalj, inika mamaw ta pacugan niamadju.
matu karutailj, izua a vinecikan i karutailj na mamazangiljan, qaw neka a vinecikan itjai atitan.
qaw izua uta a langalj a uri sipatekel na mazangilj nu puvaljawanga, sa uri temekel timadju kata marevaljaw, lja qaliyan, cemekemekelj.
izuanan a langalj a makatjelulj. aicu a langalj a siparasudj na mazangailj tua sikataqaljan. nu kinarasudj, uri malingedjelj a mazangilj i vacekadan sa temeketekel a matjelu taicu a vawa, qaw marasudjanga tiamadju, inikanan a marivu.
qaw uri sinanlangalj a cikalju kata qalulu a kasiw na [[Paiwan|payuwan]].

== takalj ==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Doi (wooden spoon).JPG|縮圖|242x242像素|kizing.]]nu masengsenganga a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] i gadu, uri malang ta takalj tu pivavaven taicu a takalj aza pinuljacengan tuki kisi, sa inika cemaca.

qaw maqati a sinantakalj naza vaudj, quway kata qaw.
== kizing ==
nu kemakan a [[Paiwan|payuwan]], saljinga tiamadju tu inika zemaing, mavan a uri mapulju a pacugan aya. saka, namalang ta sikakan a sinankasiw na [[Paiwan|payuwan]], matu kizing, kupu, langalj, kadrukadru. qaw uri venecik taza sikakan a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] uta, izua a pacugan aya a payuwan a namatazuwa. qaw, aza tjaljanguanguaqan a kasiw tua malang ta kizing, mavan a tjava a kasiw.


== kisi ==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Bowl MET cop0255.jpg|縮圖|241x241像素|aicu a kisi.]]
aicu a kisi mavan a sikakan a sipapulamiyan. masan a tjakedri a kisi sa maqati a djakucen na cawcau. izua a pinacunan na cawcau aza kinakemudan na kisi avan a tjaljiqaca itjaivavaw qaw tjaljikeri itjaiteku, sa inika madjulu a pizua i zaleman. izuanga a sinikingkingkiu taicu a cinalivatan a kisi na cawcau, qaw qadjaw a kemasi lala i zaleman aicu a kisi kasicuayan, ljakua inika kemeljangitjen aza paqulid a likisi.

== uakung ==
mavan a tjakudral a kisi, qaw maqati a sipapusiyavan aicu a uakung. saka, maqatiuta a sipapupadayan aicu a uakung tua semuliavan a cawcau. 

== kaizuanan ==
1.排灣族民族植物，鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎，2005。行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P35:酒杯、P38:墊圈、木匙。

2.參考資料: 維基百科──碗，網址: &lt;nowiki&gt;https://zh.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E7%A2%97。&lt;/nowiki&gt;</text>
      <sha1>276tp2unhrddkrw0eoljjm1alrf2ay6</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>makawanglu a tigami</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>724</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11807</id>
      <parentid>11806</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-02-13T09:30:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* maljian a tja siniaya */</comment>
      <origin>11807</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1736" sha1="b155jp7e6d0dhh7e0jq0uqk6imtorvd" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Evolution 36 mail.png|thumb|250px|right|a tja mapacunan aicu a sasing tua '''makawanglu a tigami'''.]]
a '''makawanglu a tigami''' ayatjen avan a tja kineljang a email a siaya nua binaljakan. a tja sadinghwain ljaki satingnawin a patigami a tja sinivecik, sa makayanga itjen a makawanglu a mapapatigami.

==maljian a tja siniaya==
*email: sinipasemalavan nua &quot;situcuan a vecik&quot; (style guides) tu tjaljanamakeljang aicu a vecik tucu.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20130509154006/https://styleguide.yahoo.com/word-list/e &quot;Yahoo style guide&quot;]. Styleguide.yahoo.com. Archived from the original on May 9, 2013. Retrieved January 9, 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.huffpost.com/entry/ap-removes-hyphen-from-em_n_837833 &quot;AP Removes Hyphen From 'Email' In Style Guide&quot;]. Huffington Post. New York City. March 18, 2011. Archived from the original on May 12, 2015.&lt;/ref&gt; a tja mapacunan aicu a vecik namasan paravac i liavanga a qadupu a puvecik tua kai.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20080701194047/https://www.askoxford.com/asktheexperts/faq/aboutspelling/email?view=uk AskOxford Language Query team. &quot;What is the correct way to spell 'e' words such as 'email', 'ecommerce', 'egovernment'?&quot;]. FAQ. Oxford University Press. Archived from the original on July 1, 2008. Retrieved September 4, 2009. We recommend email, this is the common form&lt;/ref&gt; 
*e-mail: a patjara pinuvecikan tua putakalanan nua situcuan nua kai nua amilika, pakasaljenguaq a tjatjuruvu taicu a vecik a e-mail.&lt;ref&gt;[https://english.stackexchange.com/questions/1925/email-or-e-mail &quot;&quot;Email&quot; or &quot;e-mail&quot;&quot;]. English Language &amp; Usage – Stack Exchange. August 25, 2010. Archived from the original on August 31, 2010. Retrieved September 26, 2010.&lt;/ref&gt;

==kasizuanan==</text>
      <sha1>b155jp7e6d0dhh7e0jq0uqk6imtorvd</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>namacai a ljavek</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>725</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11866</id>
      <parentid>11818</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-03-13T01:46:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11866</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1254" sha1="35h91fzj0548sghhxov2igzz3jzah7a" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Dead sea.jpg|right|thumb|200px|aicu a sasing a tja namapacunan tua '''namacai a ljavek'''.]]
aicu a kai a '''namacai a ljavek''' (hiniberayan: יַם הַמֶּלַח, Yam hamMelaḥ) nu aya mavan a matjaita a djanaw i kadjunangan a i tua tjuvecekadan a kemasi tua [[Israil|iserail]] katua yuredan a patje palestan. a puzaljuman imaza a kemasi tua pana i yuredan. tjaljatekuan aicu a djanaw i kacauan.&lt;ref&gt;Monitoring of the Dead Sea 網際網路檔案館的[https://web.archive.org/web/20081011060847/http://isramar.ocean.org.il/DeadSea/default.htm 存檔]，存檔日期2008-10-11.. Israel Marine Data Center (ISRAMAR).&lt;/ref&gt;

==pinapungadanan==

==cinalivatan==
===kamilingan nua kai nua cemas=== 
izua sinivecik i hiniberayan a kai nua cemas a tjemaucikel tu kaizuazua a caucau i kanan ka pasusangas tua namangetjez a seiserail a semamaza. namasan paravac a qinaljan niamadju ka pinaljavakan nua huangti i tavid.

==pusasingan==
&lt;gallery&gt;
File:Dead Sea Sunrise.jpg|nu lemedeq a qadav imaza i namacai a ljavek.
File:Dead sea newspaper.jpg|
File:DeadSea from Jordan Area 001.JPG|a i yuredan a pasa ljemavingan tua djanaw.
File:R0012504.jpg|a tja mapacunan tua ljemavinagan tua '''namacai a ljavek'''.
File:R0012505.jpg|
&lt;/gallery&gt;

==kasizuanan==</text>
      <sha1>35h91fzj0548sghhxov2igzz3jzah7a</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>模組:Articletable</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>726</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11838</id>
      <parentid>11837</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-02-25T11:43:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Suffocation88</username>
        <id>1136</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11838</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="10561" sha1="donv93ws2pjlnxbquceibq4rg6bv7wr" xml:space="preserve"> local langTable = { 'az','en','ka','hy','es','fr','ar','fa','ru','de','uk','zh','ur','hi','it',}

local mylang = mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction('int', 'lang')
local mylangObj = mw.language.new( mylang )
local i18nPage = 'Template:Articletable/i18n'
local i18nSubpage = mw.title.new(i18nPage .. '/' .. mylang).exists and (i18nPage .. '/' .. mylang) or (i18nPage .. '/en')

local p = {}

local function def(bla)
  local zdef = {}
  for _, l in ipairs(bla) do zdef[l] = true end
  return zdef
end

local function formatnum(number)
	return mylangObj:formatNum(number)
end

local function formatnumcell(number, extraclasses)
	return string.format(
		'| lang=&quot;%s&quot; class=&quot;%s&quot; | %s',
		mylangObj:getCode(),
		'articletable-numeric' .. (extraclasses and (' ' .. extraclasses) or ''),
		formatnum(number)
	)
end

local function i18n(args)
	return mw.getCurrentFrame():expandTemplate{ title = i18nSubpage, args = args }
end

local function getmainsnakid(entity, property)
	local stmt = entity:getBestStatements(property)[1]
	return stmt and stmt.mainsnak.snaktype == 'value' and stmt.mainsnak.datavalue.type == 'wikibase-entityid' and stmt.mainsnak.datavalue.value['id'] or nil
end

local function renderDate(entity, property)
	local stmt = entity:getBestStatements(property)[1]
	if stmt and stmt.mainsnak.snaktype == 'value' and stmt.mainsnak.datavalue.type == 'time' then
		local snak = stmt.mainsnak
		if snak.datavalue.value.precision &gt; 9 then
			snak = mw.clone(snak)
			snak.datavalue.value.precision = 9
		end
		return mw.wikibase.renderSnak(snak)
	else
		return nil
	end
end

function p.table(frame)
	local resultTable = { i18n{ 'header', ['occupation'] = frame.args['occupation'], ['dir'] = mylangObj:getDir() } }
	index = 1
	ctt = {}
	statementst = 0
	coords = 0
	images = 0
	wqsitems = &quot;&quot;
	qids = {}
	timeline = 0
	for langCount = 1, #langTable do
		ctt[langCount] = 0
	end

	while frame.args[index] do
		Id = frame.args[index]
		local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntityObject(Id)
		if not entity then
			return '&lt;b&gt;Entity ' .. Id .. ' not found&lt;/b&gt;'
		end
		local Label, LabelLang = entity:getLabelWithLang( 'az' )
		if not Label then
			Label = entity:getLabelWithLang( 'en' )
			LabelLang = ''
		end
		local azsitelink = entity:getSitelink( 'azwiki' )
		if azsitelink then
			if Label == '' then
				Label = azsitelink
				LabelLang = 'az'
			end
		end
		local cells = {
			formatnumcell(index),
			'| ', 
		}
    	ct = 0
    	wqsitems = wqsitems .. &quot;wd%3A&quot; .. Id .. &quot;%20&quot;
		table.insert(qids, string.sub(Id, 2))
    	idinternal = def { &quot;P373&quot;, &quot;P948&quot;, &quot;P935&quot;, &quot;P460&quot;, &quot;P856&quot;, &quot;P910&quot;, &quot;P213&quot;, &quot;P1343&quot;, &quot;P973&quot;, &quot;P345&quot;, &quot;P227&quot;, &quot;P244&quot;,&quot;P1612&quot;, &quot;P1472&quot;, &quot;P1325&quot;, &quot;P106&quot; }
    	commonsp = def {'P18','P10','P14','P15','P41','P51','P94','P109','P117','P154','P158','P181','P207','P242','P367', 'P373','P443','P491','P692','P935','P948','P989','P990','P996','P1442','P1472','P1543','P1612','P1621','P1766','P1801','P1846','P1943','P1944'}    	
		
		-- occupation (P106)
		if frame.args['occupation'] then
			local occupationid = getmainsnakid(entity, 'P106')
			if occupationid then
				local occupation, occupationLang = mw.wikibase.getLabelWithLang(occupationid)
				table.insert(cells, '| lang=&quot;' .. occupationLang .. '&quot; dir=&quot;auto&quot; | ' .. occupation)
			else
				table.insert(cells, '\n| - ')
			end
		end
    	
    	-- columns per row
    	for langCount = 1, #langTable do
	   		local sitelink = entity:getSitelink( langTable[langCount] .. 'wiki' )
			if sitelink then
				iw = langTable[langCount]
				table.insert(cells, string.format('| class=&quot;articletable-good&quot; | [[:%s:%s| +]]', iw, sitelink))
				ct = ct + 1
				ctt[langCount] = ctt[langCount] + 1
				if Label == '' then
					Label = azsitelink
					LabelLang = langTable[langCount]:gsub('_', '-')
				end
			else
				table.insert(cells, '| –')
			end
		end

		if Label ~= '' then
			cells[2] = string.format(
				'| &lt;bdi lang=&quot;%s&quot;&gt;%s&lt;/bdi&gt;',
				LabelLang,
				azsitelink and ('[[:az:' .. azsitelink .. '|' .. Label ..']]') or Label
			)
		end

		local genderid = getmainsnakid(entity, 'P21')
		if genderid == 'Q6581072' or genderid == 'Q1052281' then
			cells[2] = cells[2] .. ' [[File:Female Icon.svg|link=|alt=♀|18px]]'
		end

		mw.log(entity:getId(), getmainsnakid(entity, 'P31'))
		if getmainsnakid(entity, 'P31') == 'Q5' then
			local p569 = renderDate(entity, 'P569')
			local p570 = nil
			if p569 then
				p570 = renderDate(entity, 'P570')
			end
			cells[2] = cells[2] .. ' ' .. i18n{ 'lifespan', ['birth'] = p569, ['death'] = p570 }
		end
		if (
			entity:getBestStatements( 'P580' )[1] or
			entity:getBestStatements( 'P569' )[1] or
			entity:getBestStatements( 'P571' )[1] or
			entity:getBestStatements( 'P582' )[1] or
			entity:getBestStatements( 'P576' )[1] or
			entity:getBestStatements( 'P577' )[1]
		) then
			timeline = timeline + 1
		end

		local p625 = entity:getBestStatements( 'P625' )[1]
		if p625 then
			local label = i18n{ 'view on maps' }
			local url = &quot;https://geohack.toolforge.org/geohack.php?language=en&amp;pagename=&quot; .. mw.uri.encode( Label, &quot;PATH&quot; ) .. &quot;&amp;params=&quot; .. p625.mainsnak.datavalue.value.latitude .. &quot;_N_&quot; .. p625.mainsnak.datavalue.value.longitude .. &quot;_E&quot;
			cells[2] = cells[2] .. string.format(&quot;&amp;nbsp;[[File:Geographylogo.svg|18px|%s|alt=%s|link=%s]]&quot;, label, label, url)
			coords = coords + 1
 		end
		if entity:getBestStatements( 'P18' )[1] then
			images = images + 1
		end

		-- last cells of row
		index = index + 1

		local commons = false
		local statements = 0
		if entity.claims then
			for i, statement in pairs( entity.claims ) do
				if statement then
					if statement[1].mainsnak then
						if not idinternal[i] then
							if statement[1].mainsnak.datatype ~= 'external-id' then
                   				statements = statements+1
                   			end
               			end
               			if commonsp[i] then 
               				commons = true
               			end
					end
				end
			end
		end

		statementst = statementst + statements
		table.insert(cells, formatnumcell(ct, 'articletable-small'))
		table.insert(cells, '| class=&quot;articletable-good&quot; data-sort-value=&quot;' .. string.sub(Id, 2) .. '&quot; | [[d:' .. Id .. '|' .. Id .. ']]')
		table.insert(cells, formatnumcell(statements, 'articletable-small' .. (statements &gt; 0 and ' articletable-good' or '')))
		-- TODO check for Commons sitelinks
		if commons then
			table.insert(cells, '| class=&quot;articletable-good&quot; |' .. i18n{ 'commons-resources' })
		else
			table.insert(cells, '|')
		end
		table.insert(resultTable, '|-\n' .. table.concat(cells, '\n'))
	end
	
	-- footer
	local qidsurl = mw.uri.encode(&quot;items[&quot; .. table.concat(qids, ',') .. &quot;]&quot;, &quot;PATH&quot; )
	local tline = &quot;&quot;
	if timeline &gt; 2 then
		tline = i18n{ 'timeline', ['url'] = 'https://wikidata-timeline.toolforge.org/#/timeline?query=' .. qidsurl }
	end	
	local mapme = &quot;&quot;
	if coords &gt; 0 or images &gt; 0 then
		mapme = i18n{
			'mapme',
			['map'] = coords &gt; 0 and 1 or 0,
			['gallery'] = images &gt; 0 and 1 or 0,
			['url'] = &quot;https://query.wikidata.org/#%23%20click%20%22Execute%22%20to%20run%20the%20query%2C%20then%20%28on%20the%20right%20side%29%20below%20%22Display%22%20select%20the%20link%20%22Map%22%20or%20%22Image%20Grid%22%0ASELECT%20%0A%09%3Fitem%20%0A%09%3FitemLabel%20%0A%09%28GROUP_CONCAT%28DISTINCT%28%3FinstanceLabel%29%3B%20separator%3D%22%2C%20%22%29%20as%20%3Finstance_of%29%0A%09%28SAMPLE%28%3Fcoord%29%20as%20%3Fcoordinates%29%0A%09%28SAMPLE%28%3Fimg%29%20as%20%3Fimage%29%0AWHERE%0A{%0A%09VALUES%20%3Fitem%20{%20&quot; .. wqsitems .. &quot;%20}%09OPTIONAL%20{%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP625%20%3Fcoord1%20}%20.%0A%20%20%09OPTIONAL%20{%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP131%2Fwdt%3AP625%20%3Fcoord2%20}%20.%0A%20%20%09OPTIONAL%20{%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP276%2Fwdt%3AP625%20%3Fcoord3%20}%20.%0A%09BIND%28IF%28!BOUND%28%3Fcoord1%29%2C%28IF%28!BOUND%28%3Fcoord2%29%2C%3Fcoord3%2C%3Fcoord2%29%29%2C%3Fcoord1%29%20as%20%3Fcoord%29%0A%20.%20%20%0A%09OPTIONAL%20{%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP31%20%3Finstance%20}%20.%20%20%20%0A%20%20%09OPTIONAL%20{%3Fitem%20wdt%3AP18%20%3Fimg%20}%20.%20%20%20%0A%09SERVICE%20wikibase%3Alabel%20{%20bd%3AserviceParam%20wikibase%3Alanguage%20%22&quot; .. mylang .. &quot;%2Cen%22%20%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20.%20%3Fitem%20rdfs%3Alabel%20%3FitemLabel%0A%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20%20.%20%3Finstance%20rdfs%3Alabel%20%3FinstanceLabel%20}%0A}%0AGROUP%20BY%20%3Fitem%20%3FitemLabel%20&quot;
		}
	end
	local autolist = i18n{
		'autolist',
		['url'] = 'https://autolist.toolforge.org/?language=' .. mylang .. '&amp;project=wikipedia&amp;wdq=' .. qidsurl .. '&amp;run=Run&amp;mode_manual=or&amp;mode_cat=or&amp;mode_wdq=not&amp;mode_wdqs=or&amp;mode_find=or&amp;chunk_size=10000'
	}
	local cells = {
		'! Σ ',
		'| ' .. autolist .. mapme .. tline,
	}
	ct = 0
	for langCount = 1, #langTable do
		table.insert(cells, formatnumcell(ctt[langCount]))
		ct = ct + ctt[langCount]
	end
	table.insert(cells, formatnumcell(ct))
	table.insert(cells, i18n{
		'avg',
		['numlang'] = formatnum(#langTable),
		['avglang'] = formatnum(math.floor(ct/(index-1)+0.5)),
		['numarticle'] = formatnum(index-1),
		['avgarticle'] = formatnum(math.floor(ct / #langTable + 0.5)),
		['numtotal'] = formatnum(#langTable * (index-1)),
		['avgtotal'] = formatnum(math.floor( ct / #langTable / (index-1)*100 + 0.5))
	})
	table.insert(cells, formatnumcell(statementst))
	local commonsname = i18n{ 'Wikimedia Commons' }
	table.insert(cells, string.format('| [[File:Commons-logo.svg|16px|link=|alt=%s|%s]]', commonsname, commonsname))
	table.insert(resultTable, '|- class=&quot;sortbottom articletable-small&quot;\n' .. table.concat(cells, '\n'))
	table.insert(resultTable, '|}\n')
	return table.concat(resultTable, '\n')
end

function p.count(frame)
        resultText = ''
	anum = 2
        wikianum = 0
	ctt = {}

	for langCount = 1, #langTable do
		ctt[langCount] = 0          
	end
	
	while frame.args[anum] do          
		Id = frame.args[anum]
                anum = anum + 1
		local entity = mw.wikibase.getEntityObject(Id)

		if not entity then
			return '&lt;b&gt;Entity ' .. Id .. ' not found&lt;/b&gt;'
		end

    	for langCount = 1, #langTable do
	   		local sitelink = entity:getSitelink( langTable[langCount] .. 'wiki' )
			if sitelink then
				iw = langTable[langCount]
				ctt[langCount] = ctt[langCount] + 1
			end
		end
        end

        anum = anum - 2                        

        for langCount = 1, #langTable do
                if langTable[langCount] == frame.args[1] then wikianum = ctt[langCount] end
        end

	resultText = wikianum .. '/' .. anum              

	return resultText
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>donv93ws2pjlnxbquceibq4rg6bv7wr</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:Articletable/i18n/en</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>727</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11840</id>
      <parentid>11839</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-02-25T11:45:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Suffocation88</username>
        <id>1136</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11840</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="3035" sha1="b6o2kp5qmygy0v31ouy5nd5g7guaqhb" xml:space="preserve">&lt;languages /&gt;
&lt;onlyinclude&gt;{{#switch:{{{1|}}}
|header={{{!}} class=&quot;wikitable sortable articletable&quot; dir=&quot;{{{dir|}}}&quot;
{{!}}- lang=&quot;{{BCP47|{{#invoke:Caller title|lang|base=Template:Articletable/i18n}}}}&quot;
! dir=&quot;auto&quot; {{!}} &lt;templatestyles src=&quot;articletable/styles.css&quot; /&gt;№
! dir=&quot;auto&quot; class=&quot;articletable-header-article&quot; {{!}} Article
{{#if:{{{occupation|}}}|! dir=&quot;auto&quot; {{!}} Occupation}}
! lang=&quot;zxx&quot; class=&quot;unsortable articletable-header-az&quot; {{!}} Azərb.
! lang=&quot;zxx&quot; class=&quot;unsortable articletable-header-en&quot; {{!}} İng.
! lang=&quot;zxx&quot; class=&quot;unsortable articletable-header-ka&quot; {{!}} Gürc. 
! lang=&quot;zxx&quot; class=&quot;unsortable articletable-header-hy&quot; {{!}} Erm.
! lang=&quot;zxx&quot; class=&quot;unsortable articletable-header-es&quot; {{!}} İsp. 
! lang=&quot;zxx&quot; class=&quot;unsortable articletable-header-fr&quot; {{!}} Fran.
! lang=&quot;zxx&quot; class=&quot;unsortable articletable-header-ar&quot; {{!}} Ərəb 
! lang=&quot;zxx&quot; class=&quot;unsortable articletable-header-fa&quot; {{!}} Fars
! lang=&quot;zxx&quot; class=&quot;unsortable articletable-header-ru&quot; {{!}} Rus
! lang=&quot;zxx&quot; class=&quot;unsortable articletable-header-de&quot; {{!}} Alm.
! lang=&quot;zxx&quot; class=&quot;unsortable articletable-header-uk&quot; {{!}} Ukr. 
! lang=&quot;zxx&quot; class=&quot;unsortable articletable-header-zh&quot; {{!}} Çin
! lang=&quot;zxx&quot; class=&quot;unsortable articletable-header-hi&quot; {{!}} Hind 
! lang=&quot;zxx&quot; class=&quot;unsortable articletable-header-it&quot; {{!}} İtal.
! lang=&quot;zxx&quot; {{!}} Σ&lt;br&gt;
! dir=&quot;auto&quot; {{!}} Wikidata
! dir=&quot;auto&quot; {{!}} &lt;span title=&quot;number of main statements on item&quot;&gt;st.&lt;/span&gt;
! &lt;!-- empty --&gt;

|lifespan = &lt;bdi lang=&quot;{{BCP47|{{#invoke:Caller title|lang|base=Template:Articletable/i18n}}}}&quot; class=&quot;articletable-lifespan&quot;&gt;{{#if:{{{death|}}}
  |({{{birth|}}}–{{{death|}}})
  |{{#if:{{{birth|}}}
    |(b. {{{birth|}}})
    |(?)
    }}
  }}&lt;/bdi&gt;

|view on maps = View on maps

|commons-resources = &lt;span lang=&quot;{{BCP47|{{#invoke:Caller title|lang|base=Template:Articletable/i18n}}}}&quot; title=&quot;Wikidata item includes Commons resources&quot;&gt;+&lt;/span&gt;

|timeline = &lt;bdi lang=&quot;{{BCP47|{{#invoke:Caller title|lang|base=Template:Articletable/i18n}}}}&quot;&gt;[{{{url}}} →&amp;nbsp;timeline]&lt;/bdi&gt;

|mapme = &lt;bdi lang=&quot;{{BCP47|{{#invoke:Caller title|lang|base=Template:Articletable/i18n}}}}&quot;&gt;[{{{url}}} {{#switch:{{{map|}}}{{{gallery|}}}
  |11 = →&amp;nbsp;map&amp;nbsp;gallery
  |10 = →&amp;nbsp;map
  |01 = →&amp;nbsp;gallery
  }}]&lt;/bdi&gt;

|autolist = &lt;bdi lang=&quot;{{BCP47|{{#invoke:Caller title|lang|base=Template:Articletable/i18n}}}}&quot;&gt;[{{{url}}} →&amp;nbsp;Autolist]&lt;/bdi&gt;

|avg = {{!}} lang=&quot;{{BCP47|{{#invoke:Caller title|lang|base=Template:Articletable/i18n}}}}&quot; dir=&quot;auto&quot; data-sort-value=&quot;999999999999&quot; {{!}} {{replace|1={{replace|1={{replace|1=avg:&amp;nbsp;$1\$2\$3|2=$1|3=&lt;span title=&quot;average number of language versions (of {{{numlang}}}) per article&quot;&gt;{{{avglang}}}&lt;/span&gt;}}|2=$2|3=&lt;span title=&quot;average number of articles (of {{{numarticle}}}) per language&quot;&gt;{{{avgarticle}}}&lt;/span&gt;}}|2=$3|3=&lt;span title=&quot;overall in percent (all: {{{numtotal}}})&quot;&gt;{{{avgtotal}}}%&lt;/span&gt;}}

|Wikimedia Commons = Wikimedia Commons
}}&lt;/onlyinclude&gt;
{{Documentation|Template:Articletable/i18n/doc}}</text>
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  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:articletable/styles.css</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>728</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11822</id>
      <timestamp>2023-02-25T10:43:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Suffocation88</username>
        <id>1136</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「.articletable { 	width: 100%; } .articletable-header-article { 	width: 18%; } .articletable-header-be-tarask, .articletable-header-fiu-vro { 	font-size: 80%; 	line-height: 1; } .articletable-lifespan { 	font-size: smaller; 	font-weight: 100; } .articletable-good { 	background: #d5fdf4; } .articletable-small { 	font-size: smaller; } .articletable[dir=&quot;ltr&quot;] .articletable-numeric, .articletable[dir=&quot;ltr&quot;] .sortbottom { 	/* @noflip */ 	text-align: right; } .art…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>11822</origin>
      <model>sanitized-css</model>
      <format>text/css</format>
      <text bytes="580" sha1="6nvp468rdbiaqk31gaubcya5r5mmeii" xml:space="preserve">.articletable {
	width: 100%;
}
.articletable-header-article {
	width: 18%;
}
.articletable-header-be-tarask,
.articletable-header-fiu-vro {
	font-size: 80%;
	line-height: 1;
}
.articletable-lifespan {
	font-size: smaller;
	font-weight: 100;
}
.articletable-good {
	background: #d5fdf4;
}
.articletable-small {
	font-size: smaller;
}
.articletable[dir=&quot;ltr&quot;] .articletable-numeric,
.articletable[dir=&quot;ltr&quot;] .sortbottom {
	/* @noflip */
	text-align: right;
}
.articletable[dir=&quot;rtl&quot;] .articletable-numeric,
.articletable[dir=&quot;rtl&quot;] .sortbottom {
	/* @noflip */
	text-align: left;
}</text>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>模組:Caller title</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>730</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11830</id>
      <timestamp>2023-02-25T11:02:21Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Suffocation88</username>
        <id>1136</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「local p = {}  function p.title(frame) 	return frame:getParent():getTitle() end  function p.lang(frame) 	local base = frame.args.base 	local title = p.title(frame) 	if base ~= title then 		local parts = mw.text.split(p.title(frame), '/', true) 		return parts[#parts] 	else 		-- we’re on the base page of the translation (directly, it’s not translated from somewhere), 		-- so we have no subpage language code, but we use PAGELANGUAGE 		return frame:preprocess…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>11830</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="501" sha1="o0ukhefqvbzxmz908zs5bul1pn66mic" xml:space="preserve">local p = {}

function p.title(frame)
	return frame:getParent():getTitle()
end

function p.lang(frame)
	local base = frame.args.base
	local title = p.title(frame)
	if base ~= title then
		local parts = mw.text.split(p.title(frame), '/', true)
		return parts[#parts]
	else
		-- we’re on the base page of the translation (directly, it’s not translated from somewhere),
		-- so we have no subpage language code, but we use PAGELANGUAGE
		return frame:preprocess('{{PAGELANGUAGE}}')
	end
end

return p</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>inpic</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>731</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11868</id>
      <parentid>11867</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-03-13T05:20:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>施亦鴻</username>
        <id>903</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11868</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="394" sha1="0l7t52mtf43xdfu5esu3l7hgjn9vt63" xml:space="preserve">aicu a inpic, avan a sivecik a turivecan. azua inpic izua kinamaretimaljian. ljakua, ruizua masevecan a nemanga, sa izua makaya a sivecik a ’apulu. izuanga liav a zukuan ta inpic. namaya pairing, ciukuku kata dripun. kasicuayan, nakanga inpic i ‘inaljan na sevuculj. kemasi ziday a djinadjas taivang na sihu nua dripun, mavan a patagiljanga a kemasi tju’alja a pasa’inaljan na sevuculj.</text>
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    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Asiya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>732</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12051</id>
      <parentid>11870</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-09-26T15:49:17Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>20</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>12051</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="463" sha1="pqhkmyena1q51ls0n6b2nxeqynadl60" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Asia_(orthographic_projection).svg|right|250px]]

'''Asiya(亞洲)'''
kinaizuan a itua iyurasiya (Eurasia) a kadjunangan a i pasaviri a papamaw tua tja buru a kadjunangan (Earth) mavan aicu a Asiya (Asia) a kadjunangan.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110815154856/http://www.21page.net/world_geography/aisa.asp 世界七大洲—亚洲]&lt;/ref&gt;
==pinapungadan ==
==kadjunangan ==
==pacunu uta==
*[[iyurupu]]
*[[averika]]

==kasizuan==

[[Category:Asiya]]</text>
      <sha1>pqhkmyena1q51ls0n6b2nxeqynadl60</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>pasakacedas tua asiya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>733</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12060</id>
      <parentid>11871</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-09-26T16:04:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>InternetArchiveBot</username>
        <id>20</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Rescuing 1 sources and tagging 0 as dead.) #IABot (v2.0.9.5</comment>
      <origin>12060</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="639" sha1="dgri73nsos109t9j33jdh6g06cz6nfg" xml:space="preserve">[[File:East_Asia_(orthographic_projection).svg|right|250px]]

'''pasakacedas tua asiya(東亞)'''
kinaizuan a itua iyurasiya (Eurasia) a kadjunangan a i pasaviri a papamaw tua tja buru a kadjunangan (Earth) mavan aicu a pasakacedas tua asiya a kadjunangan.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20080208100937/http://encarta.msn.com/dictionary_1861672714/East_Asia.html  East Asia 東亞]&lt;/ref&gt;
==pinapungadan ==
==kadjunangan ==
==kukka==
*[[Tailiku]]
**[[Hong Kong]]
**[[Macau]]
*[[Taiwan]]
*[[Dripun]]
*[[North Korea]]
*[[South Korea]]
*[[Mongolia]]
==pacunu uta==
*[[Asiya]]
*[[iyurupu]]
*[[averika]]

==kasizuan==

[[Category:kadjunangan]]</text>
      <sha1>dgri73nsos109t9j33jdh6g06cz6nfg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sikaw</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>734</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12689</id>
      <parentid>12683</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-15T03:48:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12689</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="800" sha1="jhk2o8ob7ww7q2xbxsdbty27mlrhzo1" xml:space="preserve">aicu a sikaw, mavan a makaya madjuin a kinacu tuvung na kacalisiyan.  izua drusa a calis tu 'emuyulj ta 'avan, sa makaya kinavic tuvung. izuanga liav a zukuan ta sikaw. namaya tua sevuculj, drekay, kata Taivoan aya. kasicuayan a cawcau, kumalji a vaik a sema [[vavua]], kisudju kata ma'inacap, tjara kemacu ta sikaw tu sikacu a turivecan kata inalap.       

== kinamaretimaljian a ayain ==
azua sikaw izua liav a ayain. aza kudralan a sikaw ayain &quot;sikaw&quot;, ljakua, aza tjakedri a sikaw ayain &quot;kedeng&quot;. (azua tjawcikelan kemasi vuvu i kaleskes a lja malivayan. sekaviyangan timadju.). izua cawcau ayain a kedrian a sikaw &quot;kadray&quot; uta. ljakua, nu i 'inaljan a nasenavalj, ayain &quot; sikaw &quot;  a savid a sikaw, kumalji kudral kata kedri.

==kinguanguaq==
aicu a sikaw lalang saka makaya uta a puturivecanan.</text>
      <sha1>jhk2o8ob7ww7q2xbxsdbty27mlrhzo1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>google meet</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>735</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12241</id>
      <parentid>12240</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T14:15:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kasizuanan */</comment>
      <origin>12241</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="634" sha1="at6d4xkc1h5o0n07s2jpdwopjn2i7yj" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Karavali Wikimedians Google Meet 26.05.2022.png|thumb|right|250px|a tja mapacunan aicu a nu patagilj itjen a sema '''google meet''' tua tja cacevungan.]]
kinitjuveqac aicu a '''google meet''' (katjaisangas a pinapukeljang tua hangouts meet) nua google a namasan namakeljang a tjurivecan a sipadinghwa a sikicacevung a maljavar i maka tua ljingas tucu.&lt;ref&gt;Johnston, Scott (March 9, 2017). [https://www.blog.google/products/g-suite/meet-the-new-enterprise-focused-hangouts/ &quot;Meet the new Hangouts&quot;.] Google. Archived from the original on March 14, 2017. Retrieved March 15, 2017.&lt;/ref&gt;

== kasizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>at6d4xkc1h5o0n07s2jpdwopjn2i7yj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Lidaku Mabaliu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>736</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11886</id>
      <parentid>11885</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-03-19T03:17:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11886</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1302" sha1="rnfalwlawgv217vz3dbsbq7s4892ad8" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:魯凱族好茶社儲穀桶.jpg|縮圖|350x350px|a penatjezan a vinecikan ni Lidaku.]]
'''Lidaku Mabaliu''', sedrekai a san papebulayn ta paridiu a caucau, pinualjakan nimadju ka 1902 a cavilj izua i vudjay a qucapungan a qinaljan na ‘akaw. qaw maca’u timadju a penatjez ka kaqunuwananan.

qaw nu maqatiyanga a kipapupaysu tu liaw nu pinatjaz ta vinecikan a kacalisiyan, sa masan pungadangadan a cawcau ti Lidaku. saka, inika amin a penatjez a vinecikan itua umaqan nia [[mamazangiljan]], uri penatjezanga tua zuam a nemanemang timadju uta.

ka izuazuanan i kasicuayan a qinaljan na qucapungan, rupatjezanga timadju taza cukes, qaljiv, djeljep kata takit, sa san san papebulayn ta paridiu a caucauwanga timadju itua qinaljan.

aza kinasengsengan nimadju a vicik, izua a vinecikan nasedrekai a vulungvulung ata vinecikan a kasicuayan. ljakua, inika namaya tua cuacuayan a vinecikan, aicu a kinasengsengan ni Lidaku a vicik, tjaliyawanga a sikavaljutan kata vinarungan a patjara ti Lidaku.

namacaynanga ti Lidaku ka 1990 a cavilj, ljakua tjaljamaca’u timadju a penatjez a vinecik itua tjaqinaljan, qaw izuanga a kinasengsengan nimadju a vicik itjanuitjen a kakudan.

== kaizuanan ==
《未來潮──大山地門當代藝術展》。屏東縣政府出版，2020年4月。P20。</text>
      <sha1>rnfalwlawgv217vz3dbsbq7s4892ad8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hiniberayan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>737</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11891</id>
      <timestamp>2023-03-30T10:02:00Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「aicu a '''hiniberayan''' aya itjen avan a kai nua sehiberay. aicu a kai a pakata matjaita a kai nua semitk (Semitic language) a pasaviri a kaledep nua i kinacekeljan tua kai nua avruasiyatik. ==kasizuanan==」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>11891</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="206" sha1="qo2qq0j12sphyl08fcehvia1uknakf3" xml:space="preserve">aicu a '''hiniberayan''' aya itjen avan a kai nua sehiberay. aicu a kai a pakata matjaita a kai nua semitk (Semitic language) a pasaviri a kaledep nua i kinacekeljan tua kai nua avruasiyatik.
==kasizuanan==</text>
      <sha1>qo2qq0j12sphyl08fcehvia1uknakf3</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>akuamin</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>739</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11896</id>
      <parentid>11895</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-04-12T09:58:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11896</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="639" sha1="0jh5x4js77fulwelbvhlpogzxiovn8y" xml:space="preserve">ti [[akuamin]] (pinairangan: A-khóa-bián; ljinautjian: &lt;small&gt;阿跨面&lt;/small&gt;) a [[Taiwan|setayuan]] a [[Pairang|sepairang]] a kisansemenay sa namalapanga tua icibangan nua [[natemalidu a ziday nua hip-hop a senay 2]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.cool-style.com.tw/wd2/archives/889508-%e5%a4%a7%e5%98%bb%e5%93%88%e6%99%82%e4%bb%a32-%e5%86%a0%e8%bb%8d%e3%80%8c%e9%98%bf%e8%b7%a8%e9%9d%a2%e3%80%8d%e7%9a%84%e7%90%83%e9%9e%8b%e6%9a%97%e8%97%8f%e7%8e%84%e6%a9%9f?id=889508&amp;alm_page=1 名人穿啥｜台南囝仔就愛穿「藍白拖」！《大嘻哈時代2》冠軍「阿跨面」的客製 adidas adifom 細節你有發現嗎？ ]&lt;/ref&gt;
==kasizuan==</text>
      <sha1>0jh5x4js77fulwelbvhlpogzxiovn8y</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>taihuku</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>740</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12242</id>
      <parentid>11899</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T14:16:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12242</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1574" sha1="ityuocvtknejhq8r332mh8bp2vdlpke" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Taipei City montage.PNG|thumb|right|300px|aicu a mareka sasing nua [[taihuku]].]]
== cinalivatan ==
aicu a cinalivatan nua taihuku, nalemingdjeljanga a kemasi ciukuanan ka 1876 a cavilj, sa izuanga a sihu ka 1884 a cavilj.

qaw, ka ripunanan, izua uta a sihu na ripun ka 1920 a cavilj, sa pataqiljanga a paljavak a ripun tua taihuku tazuwa.

ka 1945 a caviljanga, izua a ciuku a sihu a mangetjezanga uta, qaw lemingdjelj taza gikai sa masanlizuk imaza(napatjavat tua “中興新村” katjaiviri ka 1956 a cavilj).

saka, namasan tua tjaljakudralan a lizuk a taihuku ka 1949 a cavilj, aza sihu na ciuku a mangtjetjez. namasan tua cesiyase(直轄市) ka 1967 a cavilj.

==kadjunangan==
kinavecekadan a qapulu nua lizuk a taihuku i tjaiteku a zakatjan. pasanavalj tua sa lizuk a papesapuyan a gadugadu nua tatun (navenaljut a papesapuyan a gadu) a pasa ljaljaqedian tua sinpak a lizuk (New Taipei). aza gadu a penuljat nu tja pasanavalj tjateku a tjadedet tua pairang sa tjaljuzua i isuan (Îⁿ-soaⁿ), tuatjit (Tōa-tit) katua laiu (Lāi-ô͘) a mavan a tjaljaqacan a qepuqepuan a gadugadu i pinaljavakan nua taihuku. a vavavan nua tjaljazayazayan a gaduan a matja pitju a vitjuqan avan a 1,120 a djekuacan (marutadjekuacan). a vavavan nua sikamasantjelulj a tjaljazayazayan a gaduan nua tatun avan a 1,092 a djekuacan. izua liaw a papesapuyan a gadugaduan imaza i vecekadan tua qepuqeupuan nua gadugadu katua i pasa paktaw. pasakacedas a lizuk tua mareka kedrikedri a gadu i laiu, i lamkang, katua i katjainavalj a baksa.

== kasizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>ityuocvtknejhq8r332mh8bp2vdlpke</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>milimilingan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>741</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12434</id>
      <parentid>12433</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-13T09:10:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12434</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1316" sha1="a9se8xc7rir2lukzjnwfjwnalz6wgwh" xml:space="preserve">==milimilingan a sekacedas==
[[sineqetj a vecik:Eleusine indica, closeup.jpg|縮圖|277x277像素|aicu a ljaras.]]izua a milimilingan a sekacedas, kasicuacuayanga nu mazaljum, qacaqaca a zaljum. qaw izua a marekaka a kaka a uqaljay a tjavulung kata kaka a vavayan a tjaljaljak itua zaljum. ljakua, puqimang tiamadju masa djemakuc taza ljaras mavan a cemel tiamadju, sa inika macay.

ljakua, nekanga katjunangan niamadju, qaw nekanga a umaqan niamadju uta, sa qemauqaung tiamadju.

numatazuwa, izua a ita a qatjudray a tevuta, qaw masangadugaduan a caqi naicu a qatjudray. sa tjaljuzuwanga itua gadu aza marekaka.

ljaku inika a sarenguaq a sikavaljutan niamadju, masa neka a sapuy niamadju.
[[sineqetj a vecik:Earthworm.jpg|縮圖|278x278像素|aicu a qatjudray.[[sineqetj a vecik:Chrysomya megacephala male.jpg|縮圖|261x261px|aicu a lalangaw.]]]]
izua a makatalj, izua a minlayalayap a lalangaw, qudjidjilj a maca nimadju. qaw nu pacucun aza marekaka taza lalangaw, izua a kinemeneman niamadju. sa alapen ta drusa a kasiw niamadju tu madjadjemuas aza kasiw. qaw, izua a sapuy sa pucungu tiamadju.

nu masan tua maqacuvucuvung tiamadju a marekaka, uri qemuma tiamadju i katjunangan na qatjudray. kemikim tiamadju taza vurasi, vasa kata vusam na vaqu uta, sa venusam tiamadju, qaw liaw a lami niamadju nutjaivililj.</text>
      <sha1>a9se8xc7rir2lukzjnwfjwnalz6wgwh</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>palisian nua zaljum</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>742</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11907</id>
      <parentid>11906</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-04-24T05:10:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11907</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1768" sha1="tj0mdpsm7lfvotcjg9xjodjwnblk8ok" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Rakhine Thingyan 2011.jpeg|thumb|right|250px|]]
aicu a [[palisian nua zaljum]] ayatjen mavan a sinancavilj nua setailand, semianmar, selaus, katua sekambudia a marka taqaljaqaljan i pasanavalj a kacedas tua asiya.&lt;ref&gt;Deason, Rachel (28 April 2018). [https://theculturetrip.com/asia/china/articles/an-introduction-to-chinas-dai-people/ &quot;An Introduction to China's Dai People&quot;. Culture Trip.]&lt;/ref&gt;

==matjaliaw a pupalisian a semancavilj==
{| class=&quot;wikitable sortable&quot;
|-
! pinapungadan a pupalisian !! taqaljaqaljan !! kapatagiljan !! kaqemacuvungan
!palisian nua zaljum (i/n)
|-
| [[Lao New Year|Pi Mai]]/[[Songkran (Lao)|Songkran]]|| Laos || sika 14 a qadav nua 4 a qailjas || sika 16 a qadav nua 4 a qailjas
|izua
|-
| [[Songkran (Thailand)|Songkran]] || Thailand || sika 13 a qadav nua 4 a qailjas || sika 15 a qadav nua 4 a qailjas
|izua
|-
|[[Sangken]]
|Arunachal Pradesh, Assam (India)
|sika 14 a qadav nua 4 a qailjas
|sika 16 a qadav nua 4 a qailjas
|izua
|-
| [[Thingyan]] || Myanmar || sika 13 a qadav nua 4 a qailjas || sika 16 a qadav nua 4 a qailjas
|izua
|-
| [[Cambodian New Year|Chaul Chnam Thmey]] || Cambodia || sika 14 a qadav nua 4 a qailjas || sika 16 a qadav nua 4 a qailjas
|izua
|-
| [[Water-Sprinkling Festival|Poshuijie]] || Yunnan (China) || sika 13 a qadav nua 4 a qailjas || sika 15 a qadav nua 4 a qailjas
|izua
|-
| [[Pahela Baishakh]] || Bangladesh, India || sika 14 a qadav nua 4 a qailjas || sika 14 a qadav nua 4 a qailjas
|neka
|-
| [[Sinhalese New Year|Aluth Avurudda]]|| Sri Lanka || sika 14 a qadav nua 4 a qailjas || sika 14 a qadav nua 4 a qailjas
|neka
|-
| [[Puthandu]] || India, Malaysia, Mauritius, Singapore, Sri Lanka || sika 14 a qadav nua 4 a qailjas || sika 14 a qadav nua 4 a qailjas
|neka
|}


==kasizuan==</text>
      <sha1>tj0mdpsm7lfvotcjg9xjodjwnblk8ok</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sesiraya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>746</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11914</id>
      <parentid>11913</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-05-03T03:13:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11914</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="450" sha1="rr8kxll4celpydoerczje6vk4n0e4wf" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Sirayanative.jpg|thumb|right|250px|zemian a [[sesiraya]].]]
kinaizuanan nua [[sesiraya]] a caucau mavan a i kazatjan a pasanavalj a kaledep a kacedas tua [[Taiwan|tayuan]]. sipapukeljang itjen tau sa kadjunangan avan a i tailam katua i taitu tucu. izuanan matjasepatj a taqaljaqaljan tucu a tja mapacunan: izua mattauw, soelangh, baccloangh, katua sinckan. aicu a sepatj a qinaljan mavan a i tucu a pinaljavakan a muadaw, kali, sianhwa, sinci.</text>
      <sha1>rr8kxll4celpydoerczje6vk4n0e4wf</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ramis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>747</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11922</id>
      <parentid>11921</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-05-04T14:31:59Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11922</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="1342" sha1="2oaqdn4zf0io8y6rlp1k8nfv248r6qb" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:光蠟樹 Fraxinus griffithii 20200923082517 07.jpg|縮圖|320x320像素|aza ramis.(semeceng.)]]
'''ramis''', mavan a kasiw (aicu a ngadan na kasiw, amin i [[kanalung]], qaw izua “'''sameceng''' “aya a zuma a [[Paiwan|payuwan]].). masanliawliaw a ramis i [[Taiwan|taiwan]] a kadjunangan.
nu pacunan taza ramis a kasiw, qalamqaman aza qaljic na kasiw, sa inika madjulu a kikerap tazua a kasiw na ramis.

matu caljeqil a kasiw na ramis, ljakua madjulu a caljameqen taza kasiw aicu a ramis. sa napacunanga a caucaw taicu a kasiw a vecik, uri kemeljanganga tiamdju tu aicu a kasiw mavan a ramis.

qaw namadjulu a macemu aicu a kasiw na ramis nu tjemevenganga, sa ika sedjaljep tua sinancukes. qaw inika masevec taicu a kasiw uta, sa inika madjulu a sinanvalji. saka, uri alapen taza kasiw tua seman taza kedri a [[turivecan]].

ljakua, aicu a kasiw na ramis a nasedjaljep tua sipapucungu.

kaciukuanga, izua a hulic na sihu, sa papupicul tiamadju tjai cawcau tua temalemtalem ta kasiw aya. sa maqatitjen a pacucun tu liaw a ramis izua i kadjunangan na [[Paiwan|payuwan]] a qinaljan tucuwangan. qaw uri alapen taicu a kasiw sa seman tua nemanga tuku sipapucungu na caucaw.

== kaizuanan ==
排灣族民族植物，鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎，2005。行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P149、150。</text>
      <sha1>2oaqdn4zf0io8y6rlp1k8nfv248r6qb</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ljayaz</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>748</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12686</id>
      <parentid>12685</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-15T03:29:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12686</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1219" sha1="de0jhmpzqueolvoryvrxrtj6l7enusg" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Sambucus chinensis 1.JPG|縮圖|318x318像素|aicu a ljayaz.]]
nakemeljanganga a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] taicu a '''ljayaz''' a asaw, izua a pusequsequ. sa maya paqateleng a dremadruwa aya a ramaljengmaljeng, ljakua kemeljang tiamdju taicu a cemecemel a sika maqati ta sipapucemel tua saqetjuan. 

siuacuayanga, uri zemangzang taza asaw na ljayaz a [[payuwan]], qaw padeqep tua naseveliuq a saqetjuan. nu lemuljay aravac tuki qemesanganga sa saqetju a qulu, qaw maqatiten a sipapadeqep naicu a ljayaz a asaw itua i djaqis. nu menguanguaq aza kinacaucavan, uri lemelja sa cempis ta ljayaz a asaw sa pinizua, qaw sipapavanv naicu a zaljum, maqati a merakacanga a caucaw tua kinasaqtjuan.

inika madjulu a metad aicu a ljayaz a asaw, sa uri cemavu taza menevung a cavuin tua a ljayaz a asaw.

numatazuwa, inika metad aravac a menevung sa madjulu a pinizua i qungcuy. qaw inika madjulu a lemelja aza menevung nu qemungcuy a ramaljengmaljeng, mavanga a vinarungan niamadju.

==asav==
asinlav a [[asav]] ljayaz makaya tjasipucemel tua na minvalak atja kinacaucauan.

== kaizuanan ==
排灣族民族植物，鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎，2005。行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P121。</text>
      <sha1>de0jhmpzqueolvoryvrxrtj6l7enusg</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tunis</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>749</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12573</id>
      <parentid>12572</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-16T09:56:22Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kasizuan */kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12573</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1191" sha1="dn1zvnan5i4q38xmcmmlsml6b5fne0u" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Montage ville de tunis.png|thumb|right|250px]]
aicu a [[tunis]] mavan a tjaljatemalidu a lizuk nua i [[tunisiya]]. qadjav tu kaizuazua a 2,700,000 a sikataqaljan imaza.

==papungadanan==
aicu a vecik a tunis mavan a paumaljan a sarumazi tua inarabikan (kai nua searabik) a ngadan تونس. pinapuvecikan aicu a ngadan ni yaqut al-hamawi a searab a sanvenarung tua kadjunangan i tua supuan nimadju a mu'jam al-bûldan (mavan a putakalan tua maretimalji a taqaljaqaljan). izua matjaliaw a kininemneman tua kasizuan nua aicu a ngadan a tunis. pakapaqulid a mareka hakasi tu kinasizuan a ngadan a tanith (siaya uta a tanit katua tanut nua zuma) a pakaqadaw a cemas a vavayan. mamamavan a sipapungadan a kasicuyan a qinaljan tua mareka kipalaingan i tjarivavaw.&lt;ref&gt;Room, Adrian (2006). Placenames of the World: Origins and Meanings of the Names for 6,600 Countries, Cities, Territories, Natural Features, and Historic Sites. McFarland. p. 385. ISBN 0-7864-2248-3.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Taylor, Isaac (2008). Names and Their Histories: A Handbook of Historical Geography and Topographical Nomenclature. BiblioBazaar, LLC. p. 281. ISBN 978-0-559-29668-0.&lt;/ref&gt;

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>dn1zvnan5i4q38xmcmmlsml6b5fne0u</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>saseljavakan a MeToo</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>752</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11975</id>
      <parentid>11947</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-06-27T21:06:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>陳鷹馬</username>
        <id>1310</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11975</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1390" sha1="j8q7h3d9nek3m35b66hm99wz44fzqwi" xml:space="preserve">ka venala aicu a [[saseljavakan a MeToo]] (pasamamaw a lingaw naicu a takalan a binaljakan tua “mitu”. “tiaken uta” aya a patarevan.) a djemaulj tua nimitja caucau i mareka taqaljaqaljan i kacauan a kiseljang a venalat tua napaselapay a nakemakuya tua zuma a patjara siks (binaljakan/kai nua amilika: sex; a sex katua siks ayatjen mavan a kauqaljay katua kavavayan).&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.americanprogress.org/article/politics-policy-turning-corner-sexual-harassment/ &quot;From Politics to Policy: Turning the Corner on Sexual Harassment – Center for American Progress&quot;]. Center for American Progress. January 31, 2018. Retrieved April 14, 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Edwards, Stephanie Zacharek, Eliana Dockterman, Haley Sweetland. [https://time.com/time-person-of-the-year-2017-silence-breakers/ &quot;TIME Person of the Year 2018: The Silence Breakers&quot;]. Time. Retrieved April 14, 2018.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Strause, Jackie (August 20, 2018). [https://www.hollywoodreporter.com/news/general-news/me-founder-tarana-burke-responds-asia-argento-report-1135904/ &quot;Tarana Burke Responds to Asia Argento Report: &quot;There Is No Model Survivor&quot;&quot;]. The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved October 12, 2018.&lt;/ref&gt; ka sangasangasan a siniaya ni tarana burke (Tarana Burke) aicu a kai a “Me Too” ka i 2006 a cavilj a kipasemalav tua pinaselapayan a patjara siks i tua maljaljavaran a midiya a [[Myspace]].

==kasizuan==
{{reflist}}</text>
      <sha1>j8q7h3d9nek3m35b66hm99wz44fzqwi</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>paqaljay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>753</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11951</id>
      <parentid>11950</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-06-20T08:29:15Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11951</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1365" sha1="3ui1uabw7gnlqajl0kcm67s9aubdbte" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Paiwan females doing needlework.jpg|縮圖|411x411像素|kumalji a maretimalji a vavayavayan kata uqaljaqaljay a sengsnegan nasepayuwan, uri maqepuqepuitjen sa pusaladj tua saliman.]]
uri '''paqaljay'''iten tua caucaw nu tjengelay tuki masaluwamen tua caucaw. aicu a “paqaljay” a pacugan mavan a masalu tjanusun aya, tuki nu karakudakuda mun, maljaljavar mun, nakemudakudanga, qaw matjatjengelayanga mun, aicu mavan a  mapaqaljayanga tua zuma.
qaw, maya semekaulj tua zuma a kudakudain, zuma a sipiliq, mavan a paqaljay uta aya.

napaqaljayitjen tua caucaw katjaisangas, nasemanpazangalitjen taza caucaw, namasaluwangamen uta tiacu a cawcau a kudakudain.

itua tja kakudan nase[[Paiwan|payuwan]], uri paqaljayamen tua nia ramaljengmaljeng, aicu a tjaljapazangalan itua nia vinarungan. aza ramaljengmaljeng itu tjaqinaljan, masa uri temulu tjanuamen tu liaw a tja kakudan nase[[Paiwan|payuwan]], mavan a nia sizangal a kakudan.

qaw, kumalji a maretimalji a vavayavayan kata uqaljaqaljay, inika mamau taza sengsengan niamadju uta itua nia kakudan nase[[Paiwan|payuwan]].

ljakua, napasemalaw tia vuvu tjanuamen namaytucu: 

“izua a makeljang a sasusuwan a sinipapusengsengan a kakudan itua tjaqinaljan. uri maqepuqepuitjen sa pusaladj tua saliman. sa marekacawcau imaza, tjara pazangalan, tjara maqaljay a mapuljat. inika maretimaljitjen.”</text>
      <sha1>3ui1uabw7gnlqajl0kcm67s9aubdbte</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kon tiki a pasacadja</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>754</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11972</id>
      <parentid>11956</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-06-27T21:00:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>陳鷹馬</username>
        <id>1310</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11972</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="834" sha1="40l09vtdqnx188eq5aeo7z3jrmcpv86" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Kon-Tiki, Kon-Tiki Museum, 2019 (02).jpg|right|thumb|250px|pinapungadan aicu a varukur tua '''kon tiki'''.]]
vinaikan a makavarukur aicu a [[kon tiki a pasacadja]] mavan a i caviljan a 1947 a kipalaingan nua matjaita a rupakarim a se[[nurwi]] (Norwegian) ti Thor Heyerdahl a ruvenecik. na vaik tiamadju a kemasi amilika a pasanavalj a pasa ljavek a pasivik a tjaljuzua i matjaliaw a kadjunangan nua i pulinisiya. sinipapungadan ti [[virakuca]] (Viracocha) a cemas nua se[[inca]] (Inca) taicu a varukur a [[kon tiki]] (Kon-Tiki). aicu a siniaya namaya ta kasicuayan a ngadan. pinapungadan a ''kon tiki a pasacadjan a pakarim: makavarukur a cemalivat tua mareka ljavekan a pasanavalj'' (The Kon-Tiki Expedition: By Raft Across the South Seas) taicu a sinansupu (sinansunatj) ni Heyerdal a tjemaucikel tua sa pasacadjan a pakarim.</text>
      <sha1>40l09vtdqnx188eq5aeo7z3jrmcpv86</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>vungu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>755</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12691</id>
      <parentid>12690</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-15T03:54:40Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12691</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="743" sha1="ese58dup16lpk732dx4zelfwu6cxu78" xml:space="preserve">namasanliawliawanan taicu a kasiw a '''vungu''' izua i ciuku, ripun, [[liyukiyu]] (琉球) kata i kemasi vacekadan tua iteku ta sasusuan ta vavavan na katjunangan i [[Taiwan]].
aicu a vungu, uri meqaca sa kudrakudral a kasiw tiamadju, qaw nguljingulj aravac taza vuljangaw naicu a kasiw.

azua a ngadan a pacugan naza kasiw, mavan a “vutjulj na vavuy” aya. sa uri kimenemen tu maqatitjen a [[kakanen]] taicu a kasiw a vungu?

qaw, ui ayain. nu tjaukaljavevewan, izua a ledjeledje nua vungu a veneve, sa maqatitjen a cemepis sa sinansiyaw naza ledjeledje. ljakua, inika maretimalji taicu a ledjeledje kata vavuy a vutjulj mavan a tja kakanen. manu matu vavuy a vutjulj aya tazua a kasiw a vecik, sa [[papungadan]] taicu a kasiw a vungu aya.</text>
      <sha1>ese58dup16lpk732dx4zelfwu6cxu78</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ruquaguagu ta iyu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>757</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12583</id>
      <parentid>12214</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-16T10:10:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kasizuan */kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12583</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
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      <text bytes="912" sha1="rtqqcsemwy8wcyp3bnynokv0lb8edss" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Rumunia 5806.jpg|thumb|right|250px|[[ruquaguagu ta iyu]] i gadu i rumania.]]
[[ruquaguagu ta iyu]] ([[ciniukukuan]]: 牧羊人) ayatjen mavan a caucau a kisanquaguagu tua iyu. aicu a sengsengan a sikavaljut a kemasi cuai. a tja namapacunan tua ruquaguagu ta iyu izua i matjaliaw a kadjunangan a taqaljaqaljan, manasika sipasamalavi a sipatarevan tua tjaucikel izua liaw a vinecikan a patjara kasaluan a pasusuan i kacuan. ti yasus kipapungadan tua nanguaq a ruquaguagu ta iyu.&lt;ref&gt;[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gospel_of_John Gospel of John] 10:11&lt;/ref&gt; na seman paravac uta a kasicuayan a milimilingan nua seguris (Greece) tjai [[Endymion]] kati [[Daphnis]] katua zuma a ruquaguagu ta iyu.

==kapatagiljan==
matjaita a pinatjaljacuaicuayan a salimaliman aicu a ruquaguagu ta iyu a penatagilj i pasakaledep tua asiya nu i palemek tu pasuvililj tua 5000 a cavilj.

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>rtqqcsemwy8wcyp3bnynokv0lb8edss</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:reflist</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>758</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11973</id>
      <timestamp>2023-06-27T21:04:27Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>陳鷹馬</username>
        <id>1310</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>模組:reflist</comment>
      <origin>11973</origin>
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      <text bytes="1007" sha1="bt2e19lm6cl8mfgsvie9hdy5bfb20k0" xml:space="preserve">&lt;div class=&quot;reflist &lt;!--
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      | {{#switch:{{{1|}}}|1=|2={{Column-width|1=30em}}|#default={{Column-width|1=25em}}}} }}
    | {{#if: {{{colwidth|}}}
      | {{Column-width|1={{{colwidth}}}}} }} }} list-style-type: &lt;!--
 --&gt;{{{liststyle|{{#switch: {{{group|}}}
    | upper-alpha
    | upper-roman
    | lower-alpha
    | lower-greek
    | lower-roman = {{{group}}}
    | #default = decimal}}}}};&quot;&gt;
{{#tag:references|{{{refs|}}}|group={{{group|}}}|responsive={{#if:{{{1|}}}{{{colwidth|}}}|0|1}}}}&lt;/div&gt;{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{Main other|[[zyuwaw na:Pages using reflist with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[panmwo:Reflist]] with unknown parameter &quot;_VALUE_&quot;|ignoreblank=y| 1 | colwidth | group | liststyle | refs }}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>bt2e19lm6cl8mfgsvie9hdy5bfb20k0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>模組:Check for unknown parameters</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>759</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11974</id>
      <timestamp>2023-06-27T21:04:54Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>陳鷹馬</username>
        <id>1310</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>模組:Check for unknown parameters</comment>
      <origin>11974</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="2975" sha1="cm62fmife30rc1md40xrcrun13q5k1e" xml:space="preserve">-- This module may be used to compare the arguments passed to the parent
-- with a list of arguments, returning a specified result if an argument is
-- not on the list
local p = {}

local function trim(s)
	return s:match('^%s*(.-)%s*$')
end

local function isnotempty(s)
	return s and s:match('%S')
end

local function clean(text)
	-- Return text cleaned for display and truncated if too long.
	-- Strip markers are replaced with dummy text representing the original wikitext.
	local pos, truncated
	local function truncate(text)
		if truncated then
			return ''
		end
		if mw.ustring.len(text) &gt; 25 then
			truncated = true
			text = mw.ustring.sub(text, 1, 25) .. '...'
		end
		return mw.text.nowiki(text)
	end
	local parts = {}
	for before, tag, remainder in text:gmatch('([^\127]*)\127[^\127]*%-(%l+)%-[^\127]*\127()') do
		pos = remainder
		table.insert(parts, truncate(before) .. '&amp;lt;' .. tag .. '&amp;gt;...&amp;lt;/' .. tag .. '&amp;gt;')
	end
	table.insert(parts, truncate(text:sub(pos or 1)))
	return table.concat(parts)
end

function p.check (frame)
	local args = frame.args
	local pargs = frame:getParent().args
	local ignoreblank = isnotempty(args['ignoreblank'])
	local showblankpos = isnotempty(args['showblankpositional'])
	local knownargs = {}
	local unknown = args['unknown'] or 'Found _VALUE_, '
	local preview = args['preview']

	local values = {}
	local res = {}
	local regexps = {}

	-- create the list of known args, regular expressions, and the return string
	for k, v in pairs(args) do
		if type(k) == 'number' then
			v = trim(v)
			knownargs[v] = 1
		elseif k:find('^regexp[1-9][0-9]*$') then
			table.insert(regexps, '^' .. v .. '$')
		end
	end
	if isnotempty(preview) then
		preview = '&lt;div class=&quot;hatnote&quot; style=&quot;color:red&quot;&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Warning:&lt;/strong&gt; ' .. preview .. ' (this message is shown only in preview).&lt;/div&gt;'
	elseif preview == nil then
		preview = unknown
	end

	-- loop over the parent args, and make sure they are on the list
	for k, v in pairs(pargs) do
		if type(k) == 'string' and knownargs[k] == nil then
			local knownflag = false
			for _, regexp in ipairs(regexps) do
				if mw.ustring.match(k, regexp) then
					knownflag = true
					break
				end
			end
			if not knownflag and ( not ignoreblank or isnotempty(v) )  then
				table.insert(values, clean(k))
			end
		elseif type(k) == 'number' and
			knownargs[tostring(k)] == nil and
			( showblankpos or isnotempty(v) )
		then
			table.insert(values, k .. ' = ' .. clean(v))
		end
	end

	-- add results to the output tables
	if #values &gt; 0 then
		if frame:preprocess( &quot;{{REVISIONID}}&quot; ) == &quot;&quot; then
			unknown = preview
		end
		for _, v in pairs(values) do
			if v == '' then
				-- Fix odd bug for | = which gets stripped to the empty string and
				-- breaks category links
				v = ' '
			end
			-- avoid error with v = 'example%2' (&quot;invalid capture index&quot;)
			local r =  unknown:gsub('_VALUE_', {_VALUE_ = v})
			table.insert(res, r)
		end
	end

	return table.concat(res)
end

return p</text>
      <sha1>cm62fmife30rc1md40xrcrun13q5k1e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kaljavevean i prague</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>760</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11982</id>
      <parentid>11981</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-06-29T08:50:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11982</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="809" sha1="hvbfbnvm36tyxgfwhia1u957omvn26o" xml:space="preserve">[[File:10 Soviet Invasion of Czechoslovakia - Flickr - The Central Intelligence Agency.jpg|right|250px]]
kaljavevean i prague (kai nua seczech: Pražské jaro; kai nua seslovak: Pražská jar) mavan a ka pidjalan a qadaw tua kiqaung sa semucaqev tua pulitiks tazua maqepuqepu a tjuruvu a sikataqaljan a seczech. na patagilj tiamadju ka napiniliq ti Alexander Dubček a masan sangasangasan a kisanpusaladj tua namalaing tua kinateveteveljan nua Communist i Czechoslovakia ka i sikamasanlimalj a qadaw i 1 a qiljas i 1968 a cavilj. na semekez tiamadju ka i 21 a qadav i 8 qiljas i 1968 a cavilj ayatua na tjaljuzuain a paselapai nua kinateveteveljan nua soviet imaza i czech.

kinipalaing ni Dubček aicu a kaljavevean i prague. saka ulja kiquang timadju tu venala a sikataqaljan a sezech kipaqenetj kisuamadju.</text>
      <sha1>hvbfbnvm36tyxgfwhia1u957omvn26o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>linugus</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>761</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11983</id>
      <timestamp>2023-07-06T09:56:55Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>施亦鴻</username>
        <id>903</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「aicu a linugus, mavan a cevi’ na ‘ilisi tua kakudakudan na sevuculj. aicu a linugus, mavan hualap a vu na ‘acang, ha, paca’is ta pi’ay.」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>11983</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="145" sha1="di5xbzh1y0h3mjjq6grik2rcwbif5hm" xml:space="preserve">aicu a linugus, mavan a cevi’ na ‘ilisi tua kakudakudan na sevuculj. aicu a linugus, mavan hualap a vu na ‘acang, ha, paca’is ta pi’ay.</text>
      <sha1>di5xbzh1y0h3mjjq6grik2rcwbif5hm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Agario</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>762</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11985</id>
      <timestamp>2023-07-09T13:07:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>31.223.13.150</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Impormasion maipapan iti Agar.io Game</comment>
      <origin>11985</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1502" sha1="ev7773pfk18g60kgiijfzv187iczwrj" xml:space="preserve">Ti Agar.io ket maysa nga online nga estratehia ken aksyon nga ay-ayam ti multiplayer. Pinarang-ay babaen ti Brazilian game developer a ni Matheus Valadares, ti ay-ayam ket nairuar para kadagiti web browser idi Abril 28, 2015, ken para kadagiti plataporma ti iOS ken Android babaen ti Miniclip idi Hulio 8, 2015. Iti ay-ayam, kontrolen dagiti managay-ayam ti maysa wenno ad-adu pay a sirkulo a selula iti mapa a mangibagi iti petri dish. Ti panggep ti ay-ayam ket ti pananggun-od iti adu a masa agingga a mabalin babaen ti pannangan kadagiti selula nga addaan iti agar a basbassit ngem ti selula a kontrolado ti agay-ayam, ken panangliklik kadagiti dadakkel a selula a mabalin a mangan kadagiti bukodda a selula. Tunggal agay-ayam ket mangrugi iti maysa a selula, ngem apaman a makadanon dagiti agay-ayam iti umdas a masa, dagiti managay-ayam ket mabalin a mapalubosan a mangkontrol iti adu a selula babaen ti panangbingay iti maysa a selula. Nagtaud ti nagan ti ay-ayam iti material nga agar a maus-usar a mangkultura kadagiti bakteria.

Inyebkas dagiti kritiko ti opinionda maipapan iti kinasimple, kompetision, mekaniko, ken maulit-ulit a panagay-ayam ti ay-ayam nangnangruna. Babaen ti sao ti ngiwat kadagiti social network, nagbalin daytoy a maysa kadagiti kalatakan nga ay-ayam iti internet ken mobile iti tawen a pannakaipablaakna. Kalpasan ti [https://agarioonline.org Agario], dagiti ay-ayam a tinawtawagan iti &quot;.io game&quot; nga addaan kadagiti kapada a mekaniko ken tema ket nangrugi a narang-ay.</text>
      <sha1>ev7773pfk18g60kgiijfzv187iczwrj</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>buksing a kinateveteveljan a semenay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>763</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11988</id>
      <timestamp>2023-07-19T02:19:41Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「sepayuan a kemasi 'akaw aicu a buksing (boxing) a kinateveteveljan a semenay. marekaka tiamadju a mapuljat. napenatagilj tiamadju a semenay i tua mareka kaqepuqepuan a kemasi tua cavilj a 2021.」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>11988</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="193" sha1="ilpn2gisejnw62xanofstbekld9ecwp" xml:space="preserve">sepayuan a kemasi 'akaw aicu a buksing (boxing) a kinateveteveljan a semenay. marekaka tiamadju a mapuljat. napenatagilj tiamadju a semenay i tua mareka kaqepuqepuan a kemasi tua cavilj a 2021.</text>
      <sha1>ilpn2gisejnw62xanofstbekld9ecwp</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Euphrase Kezilahabi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>765</id>
    <revision>
      <id>11995</id>
      <parentid>11994</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-08-10T05:51:42Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>11995</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="585" sha1="jvp6ppwl3x7h4z5j4swk41n9usv4e6l" xml:space="preserve">aicu a ti Euphrase lja Kezilahabi (1944 a cavilj 4 a qiljas 13 a qadav - 2020 a cavilj 1 a qiljas 9 a qadav)&lt;ref&gt;Vincent, Asibabi (10 January 2020). [https://hivisasa.com/posts/86588970-professor-kezilahabi-is-dead &quot;Professor Kezilahabi, 'Mayai Waziri Wa Maradhi' writer, is dead&quot;. Retrieved 11 January 2020].&lt;/ref&gt; mavan a setanzania a kisanvenecik tua tjaucikel, tua senay. ruvenarung (kisanhakasi) uta timadju.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.britannica.com/biography/Euphrase-Kezilahabi vinecikan nimadju tua cinalivatan].&lt;/ref&gt;

sa swahili (kai nua seswahili) timadju a patjavecik.

==kasizuan==</text>
      <sha1>jvp6ppwl3x7h4z5j4swk41n9usv4e6l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kebaya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>766</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12256</id>
      <parentid>12018</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-04-15T18:35:31Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12256</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2118" sha1="bzu38hlil4yd6z8kw0e4puv1g5byc7q" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Malaysia Airlines crew.jpg|thumb|right|250px|]]
aicu a kebaya&lt;ref&gt;Dutch and older Indonesian orthography: kebaja; Javanese: ꦏꦼꦧꦪ; Jawi: کباي; Pegon: كبيا&lt;/ref&gt; nu aya mavan a kava nua vavayan i pasanavalj a kacedas tua asiya (Asia). tjara seljavak a kemava a vavayavayan a sebrunei&lt;ref&gt;Muzium Brunei (1995). [https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=0UpSAQAAIAAJ&amp;q=kebaya+BRUNEI&amp;redir_esc=y &quot;Costume and Textiles of Brunei: History and Evolution&quot;].&lt;/ref&gt;, a seindonesia&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20210212135859/https://pmb.lipi.go.id/kebaya-identitas-nasional-indonesia/ &quot;Kebaya: Identitas Nasional Indonesia&quot;]. Research Center for Society and Culture, Indonesian Institute of Science (LIPI) (in Indonesian). 3 November 2020. Archived from the original on 12 February 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;, a semalaysia&lt;ref&gt;Haziyah. [https://web.archive.org/web/20210213174853/http://spaj.ukm.my/jurnalarkeologi/index.php/jurnalarkeologi/article/viewFile/144/83 &quot;Evolusi dan Topologi Pakaian Wanita Melayu di Semenanjung Malaysia&quot; (in Malay)]. Archived from the original on 13 February 2021.&lt;/ref&gt;, a [[Singapura|sesingapura]]&lt;ref&gt;Koh, Jaime (2009). [https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=MWlFCQAAQBAJ&amp;q=kebaya+malaysia&amp;pg=PA108&amp;redir_esc=y Culture and Customs of Singapore and Malaysia Cultures and Customs of the World]. ABC-CLIO. ISBN 9780313351167.&lt;/ref&gt;, a sethailand a pasanavalj&lt;ref&gt;[http://ithesis-ir.su.ac.th/dspace/bitstream/123456789/2178/1/56056961.pdf &quot;CHINESE HERITAGE ON THE WEST COAST OF SOUTHERN THAILAND: A HOLISTIC APPROACH TO IDENTIFICATION AND CONSERVATION&quot; (PDF)]. Graduate School, Silpakorn University. 2018. Retrieved 29 November 2022.&lt;/ref&gt; taicu a itung a kebaya. mitung uta sephilippine, a secambodia&lt;ref&gt;[https://tanailee.wordpress.com/2015/07/19/173/ &quot;Tanailee&quot;]. 19 July 2015.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Bhar, Supriya (1980). [https://www.jstor.org/stable/41493567 &quot;SANDAKAN: Gun Running Village to Timber Centre, 1879-1979&quot;]. Journal of the Malaysian Branch of the Royal Asiatic Society. 1 (237): 120–149. JSTOR 41493567.&lt;/ref&gt; a vavayavayan tua kebaya a kava.

== kasizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>bzu38hlil4yd6z8kw0e4puv1g5byc7q</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>clarke quay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>767</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12593</id>
      <parentid>12017</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-17T18:12:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12593</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1493" sha1="bzhx8hd5cm54zgzfnkuwfdetph4nwh9" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 250px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#A569BD; color: white; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |clarke quay
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; align=&quot;center |[[File:1 clarke quay singapore night 2014.jpg|280px]]
|-
|- style=&quot;background:#A569BD ; color: white; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; |zuma a siniaya
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|ljinautjian
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |克拉码头
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|sarumazi ta ljinautjian
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Kèlā Mǎtóu
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kai nua malay
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |Clarke Quay
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kai nua tamil
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |கிளார்க் கீ
|-
|}

aicu a clarke quay aya itjen mavan a puvarukuran a pasa pana nua singapura kemasicuay a patje tucu. i zayazaya aicu a puvarukuran tua pana nua singapura katua pavarukuran a boat (Boat Quay).

==cinalivatan==
ka patagiljan a sinan puvarukuran aicu a kadjunangan a pasa pana a [[Singapura|singapura]] nua kuka nu i 10 a qadaw, 12 a qiljas i cavilj a 1993 a namasan tjaljatemalidu a semanemanema i pana a singapura tazua.&lt;ref&gt;Kan, Geraldine (11 December 1993). [https://eresources.nlb.gov.sg/newspapers/Digitised/Article/straitstimes19931211-1.2.38.1 &quot;New attraction Clarke Quay pulls in big crowds daily&quot;]. The Straits Times. p. 27. Retrieved 6 January 2023 – via NewspaperSG.&lt;/ref&gt;
== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>bzhx8hd5cm54zgzfnkuwfdetph4nwh9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>puhikukian nua changi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>768</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12016</id>
      <parentid>12007</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-08-25T08:39:13Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12016</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1613" sha1="0rfw9koqz4iuhrf51xvkhygatzaf9e5" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Singapore Changi Airport with Jewel in the background.jpg|250px|right]]
aicu a puhikukian aya itjen namasan tjaljapazangal a puhikukian i [[Singapura|singapura]]. tjuruvu aravac a caucau a semamaza a uri makahikuki. qau pinapuligu aicu a puhikukian nua Skytrax tua &quot;tjaljanangauqan a puhikukian i kacauan&quot; a makapidapidalj a patje tucu. manu sangasangasan a puhikukian a pinapuligu a makaalulj a cavilj i kacauan.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.worldairportawards.com/the-worlds-best-airports-in-2020-are-announced/ &quot;World's Top 10 Airports 2020&quot;]. Skytrax. 11 May 2020. [https://web.archive.org/web/20200522035337/https://www.worldairportawards.com/the-worlds-best-airports-in-2020-are-announced/ Archived] from the original on 22 May 2020. Retrieved 11 May 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://www.worldairportawards.com/Awards/worlds_best_transit_airports.html &quot;The World's Best Airports for Transit Passengers&quot;]. [https://web.archive.org/web/20160502230123/http://www.worldairportawards.com/Awards/worlds_best_transit_airports.html Archived] from the original on 2 May 2016. Retrieved 7 May 2016.&lt;/ref&gt; piniliq uta aicu a puhikukian nua changi a masan tjalja rimasudj a puhikukian i kacauan.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.worldairportawards.com/award-winners-for-2023/ &quot;World's Best Transit Airports 2020&quot;]. SKYTRAX. Archived from the original on 22 September 2020. Retrieved 15 May 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.worldairportawards.com/the-worlds-best-airports-in-2020-are-announced/ &quot;The World's Best Airports in 2020 are announced&quot;]. SKYTRAX. 11 May 2020. Archived from the original on 22 May 2020. Retrieved 15 May 2020.&lt;/ref&gt;

==kasizuan==</text>
      <sha1>0rfw9koqz4iuhrf51xvkhygatzaf9e5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>nasi lemak</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>769</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12596</id>
      <parentid>12595</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-17T18:14:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12596</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2128" sha1="t10bncr48mpr3et6jxgy24m1rbctry4" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Nasi lemak on banana leaf.jpg|250px|right]]
aicu a nasi lemak mavan a djamay a kemasi semalay. nu seman nasi lemak, kemesa itjen tua abar (yasi) katua paday. saka kinedjamay a vuyu i tua rangulj a keman. kininemnem a nasi lemak a djamay nua qinaljan (kuka) i [[Malaysia|malaysia]] a siaya tja namapacunan aicu a djamay izua imaza a sepulingelingetj.&lt;ref&gt;Dwayne A. Rules (7 April 2011). [https://web.archive.org/web/20140702211527/http://www.thestar.com.my/Travel/Malaysia/2011/04/07/Nasi-lemak-our-national-dish.aspx/ &quot;Nasi lemak, our 'national dish'&quot;]. The Star. Archived from the original on 2 July 2014. Retrieved 6 November 2013.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Naomi Lindt (22 November 2012). [https://www.nytimes.com/2012/11/25/travel/a-food-bloggers-tour-of-kuala-lumpur.html &quot;A Food Bloggers' Tour of Kuala Lumpur&quot;]. The New York Times. Retrieved 19 February 2022.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[http://edition.cnn.com/2015/09/18/travel/my-national-dish-cnnfood/ &quot;#CNNFoodchallnge: What's your national dish? | CNN Travel&quot;]. CNN Travel. 18 September 2015. Retrieved 16 November 2018.&lt;/ref&gt; djemamay uta a setaqaljaqaljan a maljian i detdet i singapura&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.visitsingapore.com/dining-drinks-singapore/local-dishes/nasi-lemak/ &quot;Nasi lemak&quot;]. VisitSingapore.com. Retrieved 5 May 2012.&lt;/ref&gt;, i brunei, katua i pasanavalj tua thailand ayatua tjuruvu a semalay a kaizuazua.

maretimalji a djamay aicu a nasi lemak katua nasi dagang a kinedjamay i pasakacedas tua malaysia i qinaljan a terengganu katua kelantan. ljakua aicu a matjadrusa a djamay a mamaw a pinakenema a semanlialiaw.

== cinalivatan ==
vinecikan aicu a nasi lemak a djamay i tua binaljakan a sunatj a &quot;The Circumstances of Malay Life&quot; a sinanvecik ni Sir Richard Olof Winstedt nu i cavilj a 1909.&lt;ref&gt;Winstedt, Sir Richard Olof; Winstedt, Richard (1909). [https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_2cQcAAAAMAAJ The Circumstances of Malay Life]. Ams Press Inc. ISBN 978-0-404-16882-7. Retrieved 23 February 2014.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://archive.org/details/bub_gb_2cQcAAAAMAAJ The circumstances of Malay life Free Ebook]. 1981. ISBN 9780404168827.&lt;/ref&gt;

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>t10bncr48mpr3et6jxgy24m1rbctry4</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kinateveteveljan nua laiun</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>770</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12023</id>
      <parentid>12022</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-09-07T10:05:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12023</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="407" sha1="ng9gbtjn43ja8dj5igps3cx77hfixgz" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Lions Club Bridge.jpg|thumb|right|250px|aicu a tjakudrang nua kinateveteveljan nua laiun.]]
ka sinan aicu a kinateveteveljan nua laiun i cikagu (Chicago) i amilika ni Melvin Jones ka i 1917 a cavilj.&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20180111164929/http://lions100.lionsclubs.org/EN/about/timeline.php Timeline]. Lions Clubs International&lt;/ref&gt; namasan qapulu i Keller i Texas i amilika.

==kasizuan==</text>
      <sha1>ng9gbtjn43ja8dj5igps3cx77hfixgz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>piljay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>771</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12029</id>
      <parentid>12028</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-09-13T13:49:34Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12029</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1142" sha1="e3rlbh6sumcslwxjqmcxxzd4ehhlbao" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Melanolepis multiglandulosa (Reinw. ex Blume) Rchb. &amp; Zoll. (52261802382).jpg|縮圖|367x367像素|aicu a piljay.]]
aicu a kasiw, aminanga aicu a '''piljay''' aya i kacauwananan, sa masanliawliawanga izua i kina'adavan namasanmaculjuculju i asiya a kadjunangan kata i [[Taiwan|taiwan]] a likeljukeljung a kadjunangan.

pinaka ta “piljay” aya a payuwanzuku, mamau ta “mapiljay” aya taicu a pacugan.

qaw, kasicuayan, ka izua a uqaljaqaljay sa neka nu tjakit nimadju, sa napaqateleng a cawcau tjaimadju. ayatua kumalji a semavavuvaw tuki masengseng itjai qaliyan kati kasusu a umaq, kari cemekaulj taza tjakit. sa nu neka a tjakit, ika maqati a masengseng sa ika paljakev tua vavayavayan kata kakedriyan uta!

qaw nuri masan taicu a ceqeljap na tjakit, uri kikasiw a payuwan a cawcau tu lumeljak a kasiw. nu namaytucu, inika sadjelung a tjakit sa ika madjulu a makapalak taicu a tjakit. saka, aicu a piljay a kasiw, tjaljanguaqan a sadjaljep tua sinancaqeljap ayaitjen.

== kaizuanan ==
1.排灣族民族植物，鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎，2005。行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P289。</text>
      <sha1>e3rlbh6sumcslwxjqmcxxzd4ehhlbao</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>abaya</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>772</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12656</id>
      <parentid>12243</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-09-24T07:57:29Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12656</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1795" sha1="jutl1rqoe6nwfvugsv4ymmp6zjlkq7b" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Islamic Clothing Abaya.jpg|right|150px]]
aicu a [[abaya]] a [[itung]] aya tjen a kineljang uta tua aba. a mareka vavayavayan nua semuselim a kemasi tua pasaviri ta avrika, a kemasi tua arabian peninsula, nakemava tiamadju taicu a abaya a itung.&lt;ref&gt;Yarwood, Doreen (1978). [https://books.google.com.tw/books?id=ktDfAAAAMAAJ&amp;q=the+encyclopedia+of+world+costume&amp;redir_esc=y The Encyclopedia of World Costume]. New York: Bonanza Books. p. 9. ISBN 0-517-61943-1.&lt;/ref&gt; pinapungadan a [[kebaya]] a kava nua seindunisiya taicu a abaya a itung.

==ljemaini tua kinava a abaya nua situ i vrangs==
ljemaini a sihu nua vrangs (France) tua kinava a abaya nua situ a vavayan i gaku.&lt;ref&gt;Chrisafis, Angelique (2023-08-28). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/aug/28/france-to-ban-girls-from-wearing-abayas-in-state-schools &quot;France to ban girls from wearing abayas in state schools&quot;]. The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-09-06.&lt;/ref&gt; nu i alu a qiljas i 2023 a cavilj naqivu ti gabriel attal a tjaljavavavan a kisanremasudj tua mareka gaku i vrangs a mayatucu: &quot;a tja situ a vavayan nua semuselim inika makaya tiamadju a kemava tua abaya nu magaku. ayatua tjara ljekuya itjen nu kisumalji.&quot; nu i sepatj a qadaw i siva a qiljas i 2023 a cavilj, tuazua a qadaw mavan a sangasangasan a qadaw nu kicepeliw a mareka tja situ a sema gaku a kitulu, ljemaini a malje 67 a vavayavayan tua kipavalitan a abaya a itung. nu tjaivililj djinaulj tiamadju a mapuljat a sema tjumaq a kemasi gaku niamadju.&lt;ref&gt;AFP (2023-09-05). [https://www.theguardian.com/world/2023/sep/05/french-schools-send-home-dozens-of-girls-wearing-muslim-abayas &quot;French schools send home dozens of girls wearing Muslim abayas&quot;]. The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2023-09-06.&lt;/ref&gt;

== kasizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>jutl1rqoe6nwfvugsv4ymmp6zjlkq7b</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>ljamudu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>773</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12042</id>
      <parentid>12041</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-09-15T13:57:06Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12042</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="738" sha1="da98bkqp6genpyd5a8nrmdstm1wld6x" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Persicaria chinensis (fruits).jpg|縮圖|346x346px|aicu a ljamudu. izua a qucengecengel a vangalj.]]
namaya tua vaudj aicu a cemel mavan a ljamudu, namasanliawliaw izua i kina'adavan namasanmaculjuculju i asiya a kadjunangan kata i taiwan a kadjunangan a kemasiteku tua vecekadan a gadugaduwan.

naza ljamudu a vuteqiteqilj a vuciyar, qucengecengel a vangalj kata qudidilj a cuqus, maqati a kakanen na [[Paiwan|payuwan]] a kakedriyan itua makacemecemel isasaw.

kumalji a kanen taza cuqus, uri qemizingitjen uta taicu a ljamudu a qetim, sa papucemel tua maca nu minvalak.

== kaizuanan ==
1.排灣族民族植物，鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎，2005。行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P117。</text>
      <sha1>da98bkqp6genpyd5a8nrmdstm1wld6x</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>cabukan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>774</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12044</id>
      <parentid>12043</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-09-21T03:15:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* cabukan nua i vinqacan */</comment>
      <origin>12044</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="633" sha1="64sism1in3s78yfiduvoff7x8bd1pd9" xml:space="preserve">aicu a cabukan a kai a kemasi [[pinairangan]]. aza pacugan nua za kai mavan a saskauljan a vavayan.

==cabukan nua sepairang==
kasicuayan i taqaljaqaljan nua sepairang, inika semanpazangal tiamdju tua vavayan. manasika nu mapulju a tacemkeljan tjara pavayan niamadju aljak a vavayavayan tua maljian a umaq. saka uri masancabukan aza vavayan a pinavayan.&lt;ref&gt;[https://memory.culture.tw/Home/Detail?Id=315456&amp;IndexCode=Culture_Object 文化部國家文化記憶庫.]&lt;/ref&gt;

==cabukan nua i vinqacan==
aicu a kai a cabukan nua i vinqacan i tua kai nua cemas, mamamaw tua za kai a saskauljan.&lt;ref&gt;kai nua cemas, 1993.&lt;/ref&gt;

==kasizuan==</text>
      <sha1>64sism1in3s78yfiduvoff7x8bd1pd9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sisataigaku a siking</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>775</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12061</id>
      <parentid>12048</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-10-03T07:57:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* cinalivatan */</comment>
      <origin>12061</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2330" sha1="g5n3op1cgu3avv3yudap8qitcdvejqv" xml:space="preserve">aicu a [[sisataigaku a siking]] nu aya mavan a tjaljapazangal a siking tua [[Taiwan|setayuan]] a situ nua i kaucung. a tja keljangen uta a &quot;siicek&quot; a ljinautjiyan katua &quot;GSAT, mavan a General Scholastic Ability Test&quot;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.ceec.edu.tw/ 大考中心簡介英文版]. [2009-05-27]. （原始內容存檔於2015-09-23）.&lt;/ref&gt; a binaljakan. pinapusiking aicu a siking nu i ita a qiljas ljemita ta cavilj, a sipapukeljang tu nakicaquan a mareka situ tua kinituluan niamadju ljaki ini.

nu inika kicapilj a situ nua i kaucung taicu a sisataigaku a siking, makaya uta tiamadju a semiking tua matjadrua a siking a maljian.

&lt;div style=&quot;font-family: Montserrat, serif; margin-bottom: 1px;&quot;&gt;
&lt;!-- Countdown start --&gt;
{| align=&quot;right&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#FFBB77; text-align:center; font-size: 18px; font-weight:bold&quot; |sisataigaku a siking 
nu 2024 a cavilj
|-
| style=&quot;color: #2f4f4f; font-family:Microsoft YaHei UI; font-size: 15px; text-align: center; letter-spacing: 2px; text-shadow: 0 1px 1px #ccc; text-transform: ;&quot; |izuanan
|-
| style=&quot;background: #fafafa; border: 1px solid #ccc; border-radius: 6px; height: 90px; width: 250px; -moz-box-shadow: 1px 1px 5px #ccc; -webkit-box-shadow: 1px 1px 5px #ccc; box-shadow: 1px 1px 5px #ccc;&quot; |
{| style=&quot;vertical-align: middle; background: #fafafa; width: 100%; clear: both;&quot;
|- style=&quot;background: #fafafa; font-family: Montserrat; font-size: 50px; font-weight: bold; text-align: center; text-shadow: 0 2px 2px #ccc; letter-spacing: 8px; line-height: 50px;&quot;
|  {{#expr: ceil(({{#time:xnU|{{{1|2024-01-20}}}}}-{{#time:xnU}})/(3600*24))}}
|}
|-
| style=&quot;color: #2f4f4f; font-family:Microsoft YaHei UI; font-size: 15px; text-align: center; letter-spacing: 2px; text-shadow: 0 1px 1px #ccc; text-transform: ;&quot; |a qadav a djinaljun itjen nua sisataigaku a siking
|-
|}&lt;!-- Countdown end --&gt;&lt;/div&gt;

==cinalivatan==
a pinatagiljan aicu sisataigaku a siking avan a kemasi 1994 a cavilj.
==pusikingan==
pusikingan a kemasi 2011 a patje 2024:
*2011 a cavilj 1 a qiljas 27 katua 28 a qadaw
*2012 a cavilj 1 a qiljas 17 katua 18 a qadaw
*2013 a cavilj 1 a qiljas 27 katua 28 a qadaw
*2014 a cavilj 1 a qiljas 18 katua 19 a qadaw
*2015 a cavilj 2 a qiljas 1 katua 2 a qadaw
*2016 a cavilj 1 a qiljas 22 katua 23 a qadaw
*2017 a cavilj 1 a qiljas 20 katua 21 a qadaw

==kasizuan==</text>
      <sha1>g5n3op1cgu3avv3yudap8qitcdvejqv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gst calculator</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>776</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12049</id>
      <timestamp>2023-09-22T05:44:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Meheko2456</username>
        <id>1447</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「Calculatorul online GST este o unealtă digitală folosită pentru calcularea Taxei pe Bunuri și Servicii (GST) în România. Acest instrument este esențial pentru antreprenori, contabili și contribuabili, deoarece simplifică procesul de calcul al GST-ului, care este o taxă pe valoarea adăugată aplicată la majoritatea bunurilor și serviciilor în țară. Calculatorul online GST a devenit un instrument indispensabil pentru gestionarea și declararea…」的新頁面</comment>
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      <text bytes="3099" sha1="ea7dmtjd0cqf9yq0sfoxtp7x83bl4r2" xml:space="preserve">Calculatorul online GST este o unealtă digitală folosită pentru calcularea Taxei pe Bunuri și Servicii (GST) în România. Acest instrument este esențial pentru antreprenori, contabili și contribuabili, deoarece simplifică procesul de calcul al GST-ului, care este o taxă pe valoarea adăugată aplicată la majoritatea bunurilor și serviciilor în țară. Calculatorul online GST a devenit un instrument indispensabil pentru gestionarea și declararea corespunzătoare a taxelor pentru afacerile din România.

== Funcționalitate ==
[https://gstinfo.net/ GST Online Calculator] este proiectat pentru a efectua calcule rapide și precise ale GST-ului pe baza informațiilor introduse de utilizator. Acesta poate fi folosit pentru a calcula GST-ul atât pentru vânzările cu amănuntul, cât și pentru achiziții, astfel încât contribuabilii să poată urmări cu ușurință taxele colectate și taxele deductibile. Principalele funcții ale Calculatorului online GST includ:

=== 1. Calculul GST-ului pentru vânzări ===
Utilizatorii pot introduce valoarea totală a vânzărilor și rata standard de GST pentru a obține suma exactă a taxei GST colectate.

=== 2. Calculul GST-ului pentru achiziții ===
Acest instrument permite contribuabililor să introducă valoarea achizițiilor și rata standard de GST pentru a calcula suma GST pe care o pot deduce.

=== 3. Convertirea între ratele GST ===
Calculatorul online GST poate converti între ratele standard de GST și ratele reduse, dacă este cazul, pentru a reflecta modificările legislative.

=== 4. Calculul GST-ului pentru produse și servicii specifice ===
Pentru produse sau servicii cu rate GST specifice, acest calculator poate furniza calcule precise.

== Avantaje ==
Utilizarea Calculatorului online GST prezintă numeroase avantaje, inclusiv:

* Precizie: Evitarea erorilor de calcul și asigurarea conformității cu legislația fiscală.
* Economisire de timp: Reducerea timpului necesar pentru efectuarea calculelor manuale.
* Ușurință în utilizare: Interfața intuitivă permite utilizatorilor să efectueze calcule fără dificultăți.
* Monitorizare financiară: Ajută la urmărirea taxelor colectate și a celor deductibile pentru scopuri de raportare financiară și fiscală.

== Utilizare ==
Calculatorul online GST este disponibil pe diverse platforme online și poate fi accesat gratuit sau contra unei taxe modeste, în funcție de furnizor. Majoritatea versiunilor online permit descărcarea rezultatelor calculelor sub formă de rapoarte sau documente PDF pentru înregistrare și raportare ulterioară.

== Concluzie ==
Calculatorul online GST este un instrument esențial pentru contribuabili și antreprenori în România, ajutându-i să calculeze corect și să respecte cerințele fiscale. Acesta reprezintă o soluție eficientă pentru gestionarea taxelor GST și asigurarea conformității cu legislația fiscală în evoluție din țară. Cu ușurința sa de utilizare și avantajele oferite, Calculatorul online GST rămâne un instrument valoros pentru mediul de afaceri românesc.</text>
      <sha1>ea7dmtjd0cqf9yq0sfoxtp7x83bl4r2</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>my wordle</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>777</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12050</id>
      <timestamp>2023-09-22T07:15:11Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Hoyate7218</username>
        <id>1448</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「Wordle este un joc online de cuvinte și puzzle care a devenit extrem de popular în mediul online și pe rețelele sociale. Scopul jocului este să ghicești cuvântul secret ales de joc prin introducerea de cuvinte ghicite într-un număr limitat de încercări.  == Cum se Joacă ==  === Obiectiv === Scopul principal al jocului Wordle este de a ghici cuvântul corect ales de joc, folosindu-te de indicii și feedback-ul furnizat de joc pentru a ghici corect…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12050</origin>
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      <text bytes="4332" sha1="8bqxiqywrjdw5soz0cd0insb846dapg" xml:space="preserve">Wordle este un joc online de cuvinte și puzzle care a devenit extrem de popular în mediul online și pe rețelele sociale. Scopul jocului este să ghicești cuvântul secret ales de joc prin introducerea de cuvinte ghicite într-un număr limitat de încercări.

== Cum se Joacă ==

=== Obiectiv ===
Scopul principal al jocului Wordle este de a ghici cuvântul corect ales de joc, folosindu-te de indicii și feedback-ul furnizat de joc pentru a ghici corect cuvântul într-un număr limitat de încercări.

=== Reguli de bază ===

# Cuvântul secret: Jocul alege un cuvânt secret format din cinci litere, care trebuie ghicit în maxim șase încercări.
# Feedback: După fiecare încercare, jocul furnizează feedback în funcție de cât de aproape ești de cuvântul corect. Feedback-ul include litere corecte aflate la pozițiile corecte (corespunzătoare) și litere corecte aflate la poziții greșite (necorespunzătoare).
# Limite de încercări: În mod tradițional, jocul Wordle permite șase încercări pentru a ghici cuvântul secret.
# Timp limitat: În unele variante ale jocului, jucătorii au un timp limitat pentru a ghici cuvântul secret.

=== Strategii ===
[https://mywordle.net/ My Wordle] implică un element de ghicire și strategie. Jucătorii trebuie să folosească feedback-ul primit după fiecare încercare pentru a ajusta următoarea lor încercare și a se apropia cât mai mult de cuvântul secret.

== Popularitate ==
Wordle a devenit rapid un fenomen pe rețelele sociale și pe platformele de jocuri online, cu jucători din întreaga lume împărtășindu-și rezultatele și strategiile pe rețelele de socializare. Popularitatea jocului a crescut datorită simplității sale și a provocărilor intelectuale pe care le oferă.

== Variante ==
De-a lungul timpului, au apărut numeroase variante ale jocului Wordle, inclusiv variante în care jucătorii trebuie să ghicească cuvinte de lungimi diferite sau în care se adaugă elemente suplimentare de complexitate.

== Concluzie ==
Wordle a devenit un joc iubit și adorat de mulți jucători din întreaga lume datorită combinației sale unice de ghicire și strategie. Cu o simplă mecanică de joc și provocări crescânde, Wordle continuă să fie o distracție populară atât pentru jucătorii casual, cât și pentru cei care caută să își testeze abilitățile lingvistice și de deducție.

Cu popularitatea sa în creștere, Wordle a devenit o sursă constantă de competiție amicală între prieteni și familie, precum și o provocare pentru jucătorii care doresc să-și îmbunătățească abilitățile în domeniul cuvintelor și ghicirii.

== Impactul Social ==
Wordle a adus comunități de jucători împreună, facilitând interacțiunea și colaborarea într-un mod distractiv. Jucătorii pot împărtăși cu ușurință rezultatele și succesele lor pe rețelele de socializare și pot invita prietenii să se alăture lor în joc, ceea ce contribuie la consolidarea legăturilor sociale.

== Educație și Dezvoltare Personală ==
Pe lângă aspectul distractiv, Wordle poate avea și beneficii educaționale și de dezvoltare personală. Jocul încurajează gândirea logică, deducția și îmbunătățirea vocabularului. De asemenea, ajută la dezvoltarea abilităților de comunicare și la stimularea creativității în găsirea cuvintelor potrivite.

== Variante și Aplicații ==
O mulțime de variante și aplicații de Wordle sunt disponibile pe diverse platforme, inclusiv dispozitive mobile și site-uri web. Acestea includ jocuri tematice, variante cu cuvinte lungi sau scurte și chiar competiții globale.

== Sfaturi pentru Jucători ==
Pentru cei care doresc să îmbunătățească rezultatele lor în Wordle, iată câteva sfaturi utile:

# Începe cu vocalele: În multe cuvinte, vocalele sunt cheia, așa că încearcă cuvinte care conțin vocalele potrivite.
# Experimentează cu consoanele: După ce ai câteva litere potrivite, experimentează cu diferite consoane pentru a vedea care se potrivește.
# Folosește feedback-ul: Feedback-ul oferit de joc după fiecare încercare este esențial. Folosește-l pentru a-ți ghida următoarea încercare.
# Ai grijă la spații libere: Observă dacă ai spații libere în cuvânt și gândește-te la cuvinte care se potrivesc.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>Blocked Drains Crawley</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>Wutsje</username>
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      <comment>{{delete|1=cross-wiki spam}}</comment>
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      <text bytes="5062" sha1="6iwe95pyrf6lv4h0xp38f64txwrokuk" xml:space="preserve">Canalizarea blocată reprezintă o problemă comună în orașul Crawley, situat în comitatul West Sussex, Anglia. Această problemă afectează atât rezidenții cât și întreprinderile din zonă și necesită soluții eficiente pentru a preveni inundațiile și alte complicații.

== Cauze ale Canalizării Blocată ==
Canalizarea blocată poate fi cauzată de o varietate de factori, inclusiv:

# Depuneri de Deșeuri - Lansarea de deșeuri nedorite în sistemul de canalizare poate duce la acumularea acestora și la blocarea conductelor.
# Rădăcini de Copaci - Rădăcinile de copaci pot pătrunde în conductele de canalizare, deteriorându-le și cauzând blocarea acestora.
# Depuneri de Grăsime - Grăsimile și uleiurile aruncate în chiuvetele de bucătărie se pot solidifica în conducte, îngreunând fluxul de apă.
# Obiecte Străine - Obiecte străine, cum ar fi jucării sau obiecte de toaletă, pot fi aruncate în toaletă sau chiuvetă, cauzând blocarea conductelor.

== Soluții pentru Canalizarea Blocată ==
Pentru a rezolva problemele de canalizare blocată în Crawley, este necesar să se ia măsuri adecvate, care pot include:

# Curățarea Conductelor - Un serviciu de curățare a conductelor profesionist poate elimina depunerile de deșeuri, grăsimea și alte obstrucții.
# Reparații la Conducte - Dacă conductele sunt deteriorate sau crăpate, pot fi necesare reparații sau înlocuiri.
# Educație Publică - Campanii de conștientizare a publicului pot ajuta la reducerea obiceiurilor care duc la canalizarea blocată.

== Servicii de Canalizare în Crawley ==
Există mai multe companii și servicii specializate în gestionarea problemelor de canalizare în Crawley. Acestea oferă asistență pentru deblocarea și întreținerea sistemelor de canalizare, precum și pentru soluționarea problemelor legate de canalizare.

== Probleme Comune cauzate de Canalizarea Blocată ==
Canalizarea blocată poate duce la o serie de probleme nedorite, inclusiv:

# Inundații: Blocarea sistemului de canalizare poate provoca inundații în casele și afacerile din Crawley. Acest lucru poate cauza daune materiale semnificative și disconfort pentru locuitori.
# Mirosuri Neplăcute: Blocarea canalizării poate genera mirosuri neplăcute care afectează calitatea aerului din împrejurimi.
# Probleme de Sănătate: Canalizarea blocată poate duce la răspândirea agenților patogeni și poate pune în pericol sănătatea publică. Este important să se rezolve rapid astfel de probleme.
# Daune la Proprietate: Repetatele inundații cauzate de canalizarea blocată pot duce la daune la structurile locuințelor și la bunurile personale.

== Măsuri de Prevenire ==
Pentru a preveni canalizarea blocată, locuitorii și https:// completedraincare.co.uk /drain-cleaning-crawley/ Blocked Drains Crawley] pot lua măsuri preventive, precum:

# Evitați aruncarea obiectelor străine în toaletă sau chiuvetă: Obiecte precum șervețele umede, tampoane, scutece sau obiecte de jucărie nu ar trebui aruncate în sistemul de canalizare.
# Evitați aruncarea grăsimilor și uleiurilor în chiuvetă: Grăsimile și uleiurile aruncate în chiuvetă pot se solidifica în conducte și cauza blocarea acestora. Este mai bine să le colectați în recipiente și să le aruncați la punctele de colectare desemnate.
# Curățare regulată a grătarelor și chiuvetelor: Curățarea grătarelor și chiuvetelor ajută la îndepărtarea depunerilor de deșeuri care pot cauza blocarea canalizării.
# Întreținerea regulată a copacilor din apropierea conductelor: Dacă aveți copaci în curte, asigurați-vă că rădăcinile acestora nu cresc spre conductele de canalizare.

== Impactul Serviciilor de Canalizare ==
Serviciile de canalizare din Crawley, precum cele oferite de Thames Water, au un rol crucial în menținerea sistemului de canalizare în bună funcționare. Aceste servicii furnizează asistență tehnică și tehnică pentru rezolvarea problemelor de canalizare și asigură gestionarea corespunzătoare a deșeurilor.

== Concluzie ==
Canalizarea blocată reprezintă o problemă serioasă în Crawley, dar cu educație publică și asistență profesională, aceasta poate fi gestionată eficient. Locuitorii și întreprinderile din zonă ar trebui să fie conștienți de practicile bune pentru a preveni canalizarea blocată și să acționeze rapid pentru a rezolva problemele atunci când apar.

== Referințe ==

# Crawley Borough Council - Site-ul oficial al Consiliului orașului Crawley, care oferă informații despre gestionarea sistemelor de canalizare în zonă.
# Thames Water - Compania de apă și canalizare care deservește Crawley și oferă informații despre serviciile lor de canalizare.
# Wikipedia: Canalizare - Informații suplimentare despre sistemele de canalizare și problemele asociate.

Acest articol oferă o imagine generală a problemei canalizării blocate în Crawley, precum și resurse utile pentru a găsi soluții și asistență în rezolvarea acestor probleme.</text>
      <sha1>6iwe95pyrf6lv4h0xp38f64txwrokuk</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>talau a vacalj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>780</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12254</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>sineqetj a vecik</comment>
      <origin>12254</origin>
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      <text bytes="625" sha1="euttap33lbce3z19zg012cj0mdqb9ew" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Crystal Lake Full Force 2019 31.jpg|right|250px]]
aicu a talau a vacalj (avan a talau a djanaw a tja keljangan uta) ayatjen mavan a matjaita a setukiyu a sedripung a kinateveteveljan a kisansemenay. malima tiamadju. na patagilj tiamadju a semenay i dripung a kemasi cavilj a 2002.

==cinalivatan==
nu i 2005 a cavilj tiamadju a tjaljuzua i malaysia a semenay.&lt;ref&gt;Alliance Trax (31 December 2005). [https://web.archive.org/web/20110722124401/http://alliance-trax.shop-pro.jp/?pid=649013 &quot;3 Way Split&quot;]. Archived from the original on 22 July 2011. Retrieved 28 May 2009.&lt;/ref&gt;

== kasizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>euttap33lbce3z19zg012cj0mdqb9ew</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>liuktui</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>781</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12071</id>
      <parentid>12070</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-10-16T02:18:19Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="620" sha1="eempsmedtjea17clmmu4e32sc57jx8b" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Liuktoi_Hakka.svg|right|200px]]
aicu a [[liuktui]] ([[nginaingayan]]: Liuk-tôi) aya tjen mavan a kinaqepuqepuan nua sengaingay i kadjunangan a pasakacedas tua kawping a veljeluan.&lt;ref&gt;覺羅滿保：〈題義民效力議敘疏〉，《臺灣文獻叢刊》/一四六 重修鳳山縣志十二/藝文志/奏疏，「...糾集十三大莊、六十四小莊，合鎮平、程鄉、平遠、永定、武平、大埔、上杭各縣之人...」&lt;/ref&gt; maqepuqepu tiamadju a masan liuktui sa paljakev tua sikataqaljan niamadju. kinaizuanan nua sengaingay tucu imaza i tua takaw katua i [[Qakaw king|qakaw]].

==kasizuan==</text>
      <sha1>eempsmedtjea17clmmu4e32sc57jx8b</sha1>
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  </page>
  <page>
    <title>hip hap</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>782</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12580</id>
      <parentid>12579</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-16T10:05:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* kasizuan */kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12580</origin>
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      <text bytes="1803" sha1="pb0qxqnpnb1jszjxesjj77phsbjy8tl" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:DJ Hypnotize and Baby Cee.jpg|right|250px]]
aicu a '''hip hap''' (binaljakan: hip hop katua hip-hop aya tiamadju) aya tjen mavan a sikudakudan nua seavrika a maqacuvucuvung a kemaizua i [[amilika]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.newspapers.com/image/273163075/ &quot;Honolulu Star-Bulletin 01 Sep 1988, page 23&quot;]. Newspapers.com. Retrieved May 7, 2023.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.newspapers.com/image/474823180/ &quot;The Press-Tribune 15 Sep 1988, page 15&quot;]. Newspapers.com. Retrieved May 7, 2023.&lt;/ref&gt; na kemasi kinaizuanan nua seavrika i amilika tiamadju a sisa sikudakudan a seman bulayan, saka ulja papukeljangi tua sepulingelingetj.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.newspapers.com/image/259640818/ &quot;The Guardian 07 Jul 1984, page 10&quot;]. Newspapers.com. Retrieved May 7, 2023.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.newspapers.com/image/798680468/ &quot;Burton Mail 12 Jul 1984, page 16&quot;]. Newspapers.com. Retrieved May 7, 2023.&lt;/ref&gt; a tja keljangen uta tua hip hap a kakukakudan nua seavrika i amilika. nu matevelj a caucau a hip hap, liaw a karakudan niamadju a patjelja seman rap, a seman didji (DJ), katua uduli tua breaking.&lt;ref&gt;Brown, Lauren (February 18, 2009). [https://web.archive.org/web/20100403235135/http://www.movmnt.com/monsters-of-hip-hop-2_003332.html &quot;Hip to the Game – Dance World vs. Music Industry, The Battle for Hip Hop's Legacy&quot;]. Movmnt Magazine. Archived from the [http://www.movmnt.com/monsters-of-hip-hop-2_003332.html original] on April 3, 2010. Retrieved July 30, 2009.&lt;/ref&gt;

==cinalivatan==
a patagiljan aicu a hip hap, inika tjuruvu a kicapilj. amin a sikataqaljan nua sebronx i niwyuk a lizuk (New York City) i amilika matevetevelj a semenay i kaqepuqepuan niamadju. tazua pakanakuya tiamadju tua kisac katua hulic a sipatavung tua siselapay i rusung sa semansenayi a kiqaung.

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>pb0qxqnpnb1jszjxesjj77phsbjy8tl</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>sanasay</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>783</id>
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      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
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      <text bytes="735" sha1="7qea6nz6zf9zri8yviyne6vpre24qhj" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Jitanasey - Le̍któ - (Lüdao, Taitung County).svg|right|200px]]
aicu a sanasay aya tjen mavan a kedri a [[kadjunangan]] a pinimaza i vecekadan i tua ljavek. a i pasakaledep mavan a tayuan. a i pasanavalj avan a [[Lanyu|pongso no tao]]. kasicuayan, qadjav tu nu i 1800 a patje 1900 a cavilj, aicu a kadjunangan a pinapungadan nua sebaljak tua Sama-Sana (sivecik uta tua Samasana).&lt;ref&gt;[https://archive.org/details/zoologyofvoyageo00adam/page/n135 &quot;The Zoology of the voyage of H.M.S. Samarang, under the command of Captain Sir Edward Belcher, C.B., F.R.A.S., F.G.S., during the years 1843-1846&quot;]. 1848.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;[https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Green_Island,_Taiwan#CITEREFCampbell1896 Campbell (1896)], map.&lt;/ref&gt;

==kasizuan==</text>
      <sha1>7qea6nz6zf9zri8yviyne6vpre24qhj</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>iyubaike</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>784</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12089</id>
      <parentid>12087</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-11-06T02:53:53Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
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      <text bytes="1107" sha1="4p4xw9t3jeiieb0k9lkg4ukhpqo5v8p" xml:space="preserve">[[File:2009 Taipei IT Month Day1 UBike Kiosk TWTC Hall 3.jpg|right|200px]]
[[File:YouBike kiosk at Taipei Bus Station 20170728.jpg|right|200px]]
kapatagiljan aicu a [[iyubaike]] mavan a [[Taiwan|setayuan]] a pinaputjukutjukuan (zitinsia, tulatulay) nua djiante baike (Giant Bicycles) katua sihu i taihuku tua taqaljaqaljan a mapuljat. makaya tjen a kisedjam tusa iyubaike a kintalj nu papupaysui. a pasuvililj nu i cavilj a 2016, izua uta a maljian a putjukutjukuan a iyubaike i taoyuan, sintik, [[Miauli king|miauli]], taichung, kagi, tailam, takaw, katua i [[Qakaw king|qakaw]].&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.youbike.com.tw/region/main/rate/ &quot;YouBike微笑單車-收費方式&quot;]. YouBike 微笑單車 (in Traditional Chinese). Retrieved 2023-03-02.&lt;/ref&gt;

==tjukutjuku (zitinsia)==
qadjav tu 10,000 a tayuan paysu a sisan putjukutjukuan nuka ita. saka kumalji tjen a maka aicu a iyubaike a tjukutjuku a pakaliaw tua kintapuluq saka tjelu a puraketj tua qadaw, ini anga ka maljekuya.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.taipeitimes.com/News/biz/archives/2014/03/06/2003584949 Giant looks to expand YouBike rental system]&lt;/ref&gt;
==kasizuan==</text>
      <sha1>4p4xw9t3jeiieb0k9lkg4ukhpqo5v8p</sha1>
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  <page>
    <title>NewJeans</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
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        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
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      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12590</origin>
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      <text bytes="3387" sha1="n7aw0zqd5yvd2ewl8l58oi207uozd5e" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |NewJeans
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center | [[File:NewjeansXolens.png|thumb|NewJeans tiamadju（pasaviri）Hanni、Danielle、Minji、Hyein katua Haerin|250px|center]]
|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | rusenasenai、ruiyugiyugi
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |vavayan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kangadanan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |블랙 핑크(kai nua kuria)
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; | kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | kuria
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kapatagiljan a  sengsengan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | 2022 a caviljan 7 a qiljasan 22 a qadavan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|sinipukeljang a senay
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |《[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=js1CtxSY38I Attention]》                     
《[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=11cta61wi0g Hype Boy]》

《[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pSUydWEqKwE Ditto]》

《[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=sVTy_wmn5SU OMG]》                                      

《[https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ArmDp-zijuc Super Shy]》
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot; |kuba
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; | [[https://newjeans.kr/ newjeans.kr]]
 
|-
|}
'''NewJeans''' (kai nua kuria：'''뉴진스''' &lt;sup&gt;''Nyujinseu''&lt;/sup&gt;，rinipunan：'''ニュージーンズ''' &lt;sup&gt;''Nyuujinsu''&lt;/sup&gt;) avan a kinateveteveljan a vavayan itua kinasenayan nua kuria. na patagilj niamadju a sengsengan kemasi 2022 a caviljan paka tua [[:zh:ADOR|ADOR]] a kuba. izua Hanni, Danielle, Minji, Heyun katua Haerin man lima a rusenasenai. aza sangasangsan a kedrikedri a rikudu niamadju pinaka《New Jeans》ka 2022 a caviljan 8 a qiljasan 1 a qadavan. 

aicu a ngadan nua kinateveteveljan pinaka NewJeans aya itjen, mavan a namaya tua vaquan a kasuy inika supisupil. avan sika aicu a imi pakatua newjeans nua aya paru atalasi a ziday itua kinasenayan a sengsengan a penuljat. qau aza caucau natjengelayan ta senay tjayamadju aicu mareka fans aya itjen izua a zuma a ngadan, mavan a '''Bunnies'''（kai nua kuria: 버니즈）, izuanan tokki aza zuma ngadan,  lutjuk a imi.

== caucau ==
{| class=&quot;wikitable&quot;
! colspan=&quot;2&quot; |ngadan
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |kangadanan (kai nua kuria/ ciniukukan)
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |'''pinualjakan'''
! rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |kukka
|-
!inamilikan
!kai nua kuria
|-
|Minji
|민지
|김민지&lt;small&gt;／&lt;/small&gt;金玟池 &lt;sup&gt;''Kim Minji''&lt;/sup&gt;
|2004 a caviljan 5 a qiljasan 7 a qadavan（19 a cavilj）
|kuria
|-
|Hanni
|하니
|Phạm Ngọc Hân／范玉欣
|2004 a caviljan10 a qiljasan 6 a qadavan（19 a cavilj）
|vietnam
katua australia
|-
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |Danielle
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |다니엘
|Danielle Marsh／丹妮爾·馬什
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |2005 a caviljan 4 a qiljasan 11 a qadavan（18 a cavilj）
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |kuria katua
australia
|-
|모지혜&lt;small&gt;／&lt;/small&gt;牟智慧 &lt;sup&gt;''Mo Jihye''&lt;/sup&gt;
|-
|Haerin
|해린
|강해린&lt;small&gt;／&lt;/small&gt;姜諧潾 &lt;sup&gt;''Kang Haerin''&lt;/sup&gt;
|2006 a caviljan 5 a qiljasan 15 a qadavan（17 a cavilj）
| rowspan=&quot;2&quot; |kuria
|-
|Hyein
|혜인
|이혜인&lt;small&gt;／&lt;/small&gt;李惠仁 &lt;sup&gt;''Lee Hyein''&lt;/sup&gt;
|2008 a caviljan 4 a qiljasan 21 a qadavan（15 a cavilj）
|}

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;</text>
      <sha1>n7aw0zqd5yvd2ewl8l58oi207uozd5e</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>gingningmu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>787</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12109</id>
      <parentid>12108</parentid>
      <timestamp>2023-12-11T03:51:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Tjaiwan</username>
        <id>16</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12109</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="659" sha1="qsrlp173z3odd6zyedzm0z76sde5o77" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:Leucaena leucocephala. AJT Johnsingh. P1000746.jpg|縮圖|323x323px|gingningmu aicu.]]
kasicuayanga, amin azua i pasanavalj i [[amilika]] aicu a kasiw, qaw kacuin nua valjaka a semamaza i [[Taiwan|taiwan]] sa masaliawliawanga izua i gadegaduwan kata kadjunangan a makaljavek.

namasanliwanga aicu a kasiw a nakemasi valjaka, qaw kikasiw kata kiasav a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] tu pakan ta qemuzimuzip, matu dingsding. qaw maqati a kikasiw tua sipapucungu naicu a gingningmu a [[Paiwan|payuwan]] uta.

== kaizuanan ==
1.排灣族民族植物，鄭漢文、王相華、鄭惠芬、賴紅炎，2005。行政院農業委員會林業試驗所。P276。</text>
      <sha1>qsrlp173z3odd6zyedzm0z76sde5o77</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>Blocked Drains</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>788</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12110</id>
      <timestamp>2023-12-21T06:17:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Dajol10848</username>
        <id>1584</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「Canalizarea blocată reprezintă o problemă comună în orașul Crawley, situat în comitatul West Sussex, Anglia. Această problemă afectează atât rezidenții cât și întreprinderile din zonă și necesită soluții eficiente pentru a preveni inundațiile și alte complicații.  == Cauze ale Canalizării Blocată == Canalizarea blocată poate fi cauzată de o varietate de factori, inclusiv:  # Depuneri de Deșeuri - Lansarea de deșeuri nedorite în s…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12110</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="5061" sha1="fluez27sajwte4tj8i3lle55yajr2as" xml:space="preserve">Canalizarea blocată reprezintă o problemă comună în orașul Crawley, situat în comitatul West Sussex, Anglia. Această problemă afectează atât rezidenții cât și întreprinderile din zonă și necesită soluții eficiente pentru a preveni inundațiile și alte complicații.

== Cauze ale Canalizării Blocată ==
Canalizarea blocată poate fi cauzată de o varietate de factori, inclusiv:

# Depuneri de Deșeuri - Lansarea de deșeuri nedorite în sistemul de canalizare poate duce la acumularea acestora și la blocarea conductelor.
# Rădăcini de Copaci - Rădăcinile de copaci pot pătrunde în conductele de canalizare, deteriorându-le și cauzând blocarea acestora.
# Depuneri de Grăsime - Grăsimile și uleiurile aruncate în chiuvetele de bucătărie se pot solidifica în conducte, îngreunând fluxul de apă.
# Obiecte Străine - Obiecte străine, cum ar fi jucării sau obiecte de toaletă, pot fi aruncate în toaletă sau chiuvetă, cauzând blocarea conductelor.

== Soluții pentru Canalizarea Blocată ==
Pentru a rezolva problemele de canalizare blocată în Crawley, este necesar să se ia măsuri adecvate, care pot include:

# Curățarea Conductelor - Un serviciu de curățare a conductelor profesionist poate elimina depunerile de deșeuri, grăsimea și alte obstrucții.
# Reparații la Conducte - Dacă conductele sunt deteriorate sau crăpate, pot fi necesare reparații sau înlocuiri.
# Educație Publică - Campanii de conștientizare a publicului pot ajuta la reducerea obiceiurilor care duc la canalizarea blocată.

== Servicii de Canalizare în Crawley ==
Există mai multe companii și servicii specializate în gestionarea problemelor de canalizare în Crawley. Acestea oferă asistență pentru deblocarea și întreținerea sistemelor de canalizare, precum și pentru soluționarea problemelor legate de canalizare.

== Probleme Comune cauzate de Canalizarea Blocată ==
Canalizarea blocată poate duce la o serie de probleme nedorite, inclusiv:

# Inundații: Blocarea sistemului de canalizare poate provoca inundații în casele și afacerile din Crawley. Acest lucru poate cauza daune materiale semnificative și disconfort pentru locuitori.
# Mirosuri Neplăcute: Blocarea canalizării poate genera mirosuri neplăcute care afectează calitatea aerului din împrejurimi.
# Probleme de Sănătate: Canalizarea blocată poate duce la răspândirea agenților patogeni și poate pune în pericol sănătatea publică. Este important să se rezolve rapid astfel de probleme.
# Daune la Proprietate: Repetatele inundații cauzate de canalizarea blocată pot duce la daune la structurile locuințelor și la bunurile personale.

== Măsuri de Prevenire ==
Pentru a preveni canalizarea blocată, locuitorii și [https://completedraincare.co.uk/drain-cleaning-crawley/ Blocked Drains Crawley] pot lua măsuri preventive, precum:

# Evitați aruncarea obiectelor străine în toaletă sau chiuvetă: Obiecte precum șervețele umede, tampoane, scutece sau obiecte de jucărie nu ar trebui aruncate în sistemul de canalizare.
# Evitați aruncarea grăsimilor și uleiurilor în chiuvetă: Grăsimile și uleiurile aruncate în chiuvetă pot se solidifica în conducte și cauza blocarea acestora. Este mai bine să le colectați în recipiente și să le aruncați la punctele de colectare desemnate.
# Curățare regulată a grătarelor și chiuvetelor: Curățarea grătarelor și chiuvetelor ajută la îndepărtarea depunerilor de deșeuri care pot cauza blocarea canalizării.
# Întreținerea regulată a copacilor din apropierea conductelor: Dacă aveți copaci în curte, asigurați-vă că rădăcinile acestora nu cresc spre conductele de canalizare.

== Impactul Serviciilor de Canalizare ==
Serviciile de canalizare din Crawley, precum cele oferite de Thames Water, au un rol crucial în menținerea sistemului de canalizare în bună funcționare. Aceste servicii furnizează asistență tehnică și tehnică pentru rezolvarea problemelor de canalizare și asigură gestionarea corespunzătoare a deșeurilor.

== Concluzie ==
Canalizarea blocată reprezintă o problemă serioasă în Crawley, dar cu educație publică și asistență profesională, aceasta poate fi gestionată eficient. Locuitorii și întreprinderile din zonă ar trebui să fie conștienți de practicile bune pentru a preveni canalizarea blocată și să acționeze rapid pentru a rezolva problemele atunci când apar.

== Referințe ==

# Crawley Borough Council - Site-ul oficial al Consiliului orașului Crawley, care oferă informații despre gestionarea sistemelor de canalizare în zonă.
# Thames Water - Compania de apă și canalizare care deservește Crawley și oferă informații despre serviciile lor de canalizare.
# Wikipedia: Canalizare - Informații suplimentare despre sistemele de canalizare și problemele asociate.

Acest articol oferă o imagine generală a problemei canalizării blocate în Crawley, precum și resurse utile pentru a găsi soluții și asistență în rezolvarea acestor probleme.</text>
      <sha1>fluez27sajwte4tj8i3lle55yajr2as</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>sinkiu nua cungtung nua pinuveqeveqan nua taqaljaqaljan i ciuka ka 2024 a caviljan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>791</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12599</id>
      <parentid>12114</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-17T18:17:35Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Yaronglong Ahronglong</username>
        <id>1735</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>+ kaizuan</comment>
      <origin>12599</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1996" sha1="iizr86n7njcuk1f7amxksuzwa7nue4l" xml:space="preserve">'''sinkiu nua cungtung nua pinuveqeveqan nua taqaljaqaljan i ciuka ka 2024 a caviljan'''(中華民國第十六任總統副總統選舉)

nu itua 2024 a cavilj 1 a qiljas 13 a qadav uri pupalisian tua sinkiu.

== kinasinkiu a caucau(候選人) ==
{| class=wikitable style=&quot;text-align:center;&quot;
|-
! tuluan(數字)
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | '''1'''
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | '''2'''
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | '''3'''

|-
! kinateveteveljan(政黨)
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[kinateveteveljan nua ta’alja’aljan i taiwan]]
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[kinateveteveljan nua ta’alja’aljan sana malaying a sikaljemtuan]]
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | [[kinateveteveljan nua ljautia a 'inaljan]]
|-
! cungtung, fucungtung(副總統)
| width=&quot;15%&quot; | cungtung
| width=&quot;15%&quot; | fucungtung
| width=&quot;15%&quot; | cungtung
| width=&quot;15%&quot; | fucungtung
| width=&quot;17%&quot; | cungtung
| width=&quot;18%&quot; | fucungtung
|-
! kinasinkiu a caucau
| [[File:柯文哲_IMG_9322-1_%2814300234412%29_%28cropped%29.jpg |100px]]&lt;br /&gt;'''[[Ko Wen-je]]'''
| [[File:吳欣盈肖像.jpg|100px]]&lt;br /&gt;'''[[Cynthia Wu]]'''
| [[File:副總統賴清德官方肖像.jpg|100px]]&lt;br /&gt;'''[[Lai Ching-te]]'''
| [[File:Hsiao Bi-khim (altered).jpg |100px]]&lt;br /&gt;'''[[Hsiao Bi-khim]]'''
| [[File:侯友宜市長肖像.jpg|100px]]&lt;br /&gt;'''[[Hou Yu-ih]]'''
| [[File:Jaw Shaw-kong Cropped.png|100px]]&lt;br /&gt;'''[[Jaw Shaw-kong]]'''
|-
! cinalivatan(經歷)
| align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;font-size:smaller;vertical-align:top;&quot; |

| align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;font-size:smaller;vertical-align:top;&quot; |

| align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;font-size:smaller;vertical-align:top;&quot; |

| align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;font-size:smaller;vertical-align:top;&quot; |

| align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;font-size:smaller;vertical-align:top;&quot; |

| align=&quot;left&quot; style=&quot;font-size:smaller;vertical-align:top;&quot; |
|-
! sinipualjak(出生)
|[[Taiwan]] [[sinzu]]
|[[Amirika]]
|[[Taiwan]] [[atalasi a taipaq hici]]
|[[Dripun]] [[hyogo]]
|[[Taiwan]] [[cyayi]]
|[[Taiwan]] [[cylung]]
|}

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

[[pinapapilipiliqan:pinayuanan a kai nua i pasaviri]]
[[pinapapilipiliqan:taiwan]]</text>
      <sha1>iizr86n7njcuk1f7amxksuzwa7nue4l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tirana</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>794</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12146</id>
      <timestamp>2024-02-20T03:22:56Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Iyumu</username>
        <id>10</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「[[File:Skanderbeg square tirana 2016.jpg|right|200px]] aicu a tirana mavan a siti (qinaljan) i albania. tjaljaqaca a siti a tirana i tjaivecekadan tua kuni a albania. a makapalingulj mavan a gadugadu. izua gadu a dajti i kacedas. pasakaviri a kaledep a tjinaizua a cadjacadja tua ljavek a adriatic. kaljaqadadavan imaza tu izua 2,544 a tuki a muqadaw tacavilj.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.currentresults.com/Weather-Extremes/Europe/sunniest-cities.php &quot;Sunniest Cities in E…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12146</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="590" sha1="ctj7it1ezmwb3wpvpzz2xfoau8vle5p" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Skanderbeg square tirana 2016.jpg|right|200px]]
aicu a tirana mavan a siti (qinaljan) i albania. tjaljaqaca a siti a tirana i tjaivecekadan tua kuni a albania. a makapalingulj mavan a gadugadu. izua gadu a dajti i kacedas. pasakaviri a kaledep a tjinaizua a cadjacadja tua ljavek a adriatic. kaljaqadadavan imaza tu izua 2,544 a tuki a muqadaw tacavilj.&lt;ref&gt;[https://www.currentresults.com/Weather-Extremes/Europe/sunniest-cities.php &quot;Sunniest Cities in Europe&quot;]. currentresults.com. p. 1. Archived from the original on 19 January 2024. Retrieved 21 January 2024.&lt;/ref&gt;

==kasizuan==</text>
      <sha1>ctj7it1ezmwb3wpvpzz2xfoau8vle5p</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>David Woodard</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>805</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12648</id>
      <parentid>12367</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-09-11T09:27:46Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>151.95.216.228</ip>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12648</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="2765" sha1="cqfp88hci221wo9qkxfu9gi1mjfi4s5" xml:space="preserve">{| style=&quot;background:#F5F5F5; color: black; font-weight:bold; width: 300px; float:right&quot; 
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; text-align:center; font-weight:bold&quot; |David Woodard
|-
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; style=&quot;text-align:center|[[sineqetj a vecik:DW2018.jpg|thumb|ti David Woodard|250px|center]]

|- style=&quot;background:#CCCCFF; color: black; font-weight:bold; text-align:center&quot;
| colspan=&quot;2&quot; | rusenaisenai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Gender
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot;|uqaljai
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|Kukka
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of the United States (DoS ECA Color Standard).svg|23x23px]] Amilika&lt;br&gt;[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of Canada (Pantone).svg|23x23px]] Kanada
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|pinualjakan
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot;|1964.04.06 
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;| 
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot; |[[sineqetj a vecik:Flag of the United States (DoS ECA Color Standard).svg|23x23px]] santa barbara, california
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|kai
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot;|inamirikan
|-
| style=&quot;font-weight:bold&quot;|
| style=&quot;font-weight:normal&quot;|[[sineqetj a vecik:David Woodard signature.svg|150px]]
|}
'''David James Woodard''' (ciniukukan: 大卫·詹姆斯·伍达德, IPA: /ˈwʊdɑːrd/; 6 a qadaw na 4 a qiljas na 1964 a caviljan – na) mavan a kisansemenay i amilika.&lt;ref&gt;Carpenter, S., [https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2001-may-09-cl-60944-story.html &quot;In Concert at a Killer's Death&quot;], ''Los Angeles Times'', 2001.05.09.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Allen, M., [https://www.nytimes.com/2005/01/20/garden/decor-by-timothy-leary.html &quot;Décor by Timothy Leary&quot;], ''The New York Times'', 2005.01.20.&lt;/ref&gt;&lt;ref&gt;Vloed, K. van der, [http://requiemsurvey.org/composers.php?id=1849 &quot;David Woodard&quot;], ''Requiem Survey'', 2006.02.05.&lt;/ref&gt;

== kaizuan ==
&lt;references /&gt;

== kasizuan ==
* [[sineqetj a vecik:Commons-logo.svg|link=https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/David_Woodard?uselang=pwn|18x18px]] [https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/David_Woodard?uselang=pwn Wikimedia Commons]
* [https://lccn.loc.gov/no2011174082 Library of Congress] &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:86%&quot;&gt;(inamirikan)&lt;/span&gt;
* [[sineqetj a vecik:Wikiquote-logo.svg|link=https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/David_Woodard?uselang=pwn|16x16px]] [https://en.wikiquote.org/wiki/David_Woodard?uselang=pwn Wikiquote] &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:86%&quot;&gt;(inamirikan)&lt;/span&gt;
* [https://nb-helveticat.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/search?query=any,contains,%22David%20Woodard%22&amp;tab=LibraryCatalog&amp;vid=41SNL_51_INST:helveticat&amp;lang=de&amp;offset=0 Schweizerische Nationalbibliothek] &lt;span style=&quot;font-size:86%&quot;&gt;(sedjerman)&lt;/span&gt;
* [[sineqetj a vecik:Echo global icon.svg|link=https://davidwoodard.com|12x12px]] [https://davidwoodard.com/ Wangzan]

[[pinapapilipiliqan:valjualjut a caucau]]</text>
      <sha1>cqfp88hci221wo9qkxfu9gi1mjfi4s5</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>CNN</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>808</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12331</id>
      <parentid>12328</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-05-30T23:07:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>196.135.169.232</ip>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12331</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="645" sha1="jekt4itzj3pq3fkm3kn9cxbgg00g3s1" xml:space="preserve">[[sineqetj a vecik:CNN.svg|縮圖|CNN]]


'''CNN''' ket maysa a multinasional a kanal ti damag ken website nga agtartaray manipud iti Midtown Atlanta, Georgia, U.S. Naipasdek idi 1980 babaen ti Amerikano a makinkukua ti media a da Ted Turner ken Reese Schonfeld a kas maysa a 24-oras a cable news channel, ken agdama a kukua ti Manhattan-based a konglomerato ti media a Warner Bros .&lt;ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110122111404/http://www.timewarner.com/corp/businesses/detail/turner_broadcasting/index.html]CNN&lt;/ref&gt;[https://web.archive.org/web/20110122111404/http://www.timewarner.com/corp/businesses/detail/turner_broadcasting/index.html]</text>
      <sha1>jekt4itzj3pq3fkm3kn9cxbgg00g3s1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>a nia cemekeljan kata nia 'inaljan (sekazazaljan))</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>809</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12333</id>
      <parentid>12332</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-05-31T14:29:26Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>1.200.189.48</ip>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12333</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1744" sha1="bxhf396hvs6mxugquz5ysndzju5z20n" xml:space="preserve">( aicu a sinivecik ni selap a ljakadrangiyan, sekazazaljan timadju. )
 
tjia'en ti selep alja kadrangiyan 'ase kazazaljan. napucekelj a 'en pasa makaku i izjuci ti paucan alja dulapalas a'u cekelj.tjelu a'u aljak maljedrsa a vavayan macidjil a 'ualjay.ti remereman aukina ti giay a 'u kama mare sepat aman a marekakakaka, izua  madrusa a 'u kaka a ti    kati  kuljilji ,macidjil a vavayan a u kaka ti kaleskes.
inika macau a ravac ti kama a cemukukuan,mana sika nu kiljavalan tjai kama kemacalisian amen a tjacemekeljan.
na penatjalim a ravac a niainaljan ,na madjatukuda a sepat a niainaljan  tjalanawma,seludja,setjai'alev katua selawz. i kazazaljan izua ma tjelu tjacemekeljan a mamazangiljan anaemilad.lja rupavates i tjalanawma lja zingru a I ludja,lja zingrur a i tjai'alev.nu izua anemanga a saliman i inaljan tjala izua tjiamadju a niakilayan.
a niainaljan nu masalut tjara izua a ma acuvucuvun a papuzeluk.a ualja'aljai vaik ama vavua a kikasiv ta tju'ulj a  su palici a tjuljaken alemutjutjum sa ta'uyulen.a vavayavayan cemavu sa cemusu ta ata asipavai ta na papuzeluk a ualjai.izuanan vuvui kuljilji a seludja macau aravac semenay ta sicuayan a senany temulu ya timaimanga liawv arvac palutavak a ngungua a senay. 
nangua' a ravac a niavavuluvuluan i inaljan,temaucikel temuiu tanuamen a kakeriyan tua nanemanga.
tucu temulutulu a'en ta venci ta cempu katua ivu tua kinacalisinan, i tua gaku i kazazaljan,namasi levan namasi varun aen tua namakaya a'en zemulun tuatja
kai a kinacalisianan tua mareka u kinacauan a tinulu na u vuvu i paulesanga pinuliman,ljakua liyaliyav anan a'u kulung tua pakata vecik ta tja kai ,manasika tjala kisamulja aen a vaik amadaigakku a kitulu.uljaen anamakaya a cemikel temulu tua i inaljan a kakeliyan.</text>
      <sha1>bxhf396hvs6mxugquz5ysndzju5z20n</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>nia cemekeljan kata nia 'inaljan (se'apedang)</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>810</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12334</id>
      <timestamp>2024-05-31T14:34:49Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>1.200.189.48</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「( aicu a sinivecik ni veneng. mavan a sikiljavakan itua 'apedang a sikavaljutan kasicuyan nimadju. )  a nia ‘inaljan i ‘apedang, a nia lja’edi sepiuma a i tjainavalj sekaviyangan a  i tjaivili. tiamen a se’apedang i pinuikulaljucan tjaljatjuruvuan a cawcau. ayatua tjuruvu a kemasitjuzuma a naiziu a semamaza,manasika nametjuruvuangaman. ‘u kivad’an a ramaljeng, aku pinapungadanan ta ‘apedang a tja’inaljan ‘u ayain a ramaljeng.mayatucu a ‘i…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12334</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="4272" sha1="g60aek7xit1j7qwfx2gi9s41ww3pqq1" xml:space="preserve">( aicu a sinivecik ni veneng. mavan a sikiljavakan itua 'apedang a sikavaljutan kasicuyan nimadju. )

a nia ‘inaljan i ‘apedang, a nia lja’edi sepiuma a i tjainavalj sekaviyangan a  i tjaivili. tiamen a se’apedang i pinuikulaljucan tjaljatjuruvuan a cawcau. ayatua tjuruvu a kemasitjuzuma a naiziu a semamaza,manasika nametjuruvuangaman. ‘u kivad’an a ramaljeng, aku pinapungadanan ta ‘apedang a tja’inaljan ‘u ayain a ramaljeng.mayatucu a ‘ivu a ramaljeng,”kakaljadripungan dripung a napapungadan tazua ’apedang, drinipungan azua a Kai ,patjetucu inika namaumalj, sika inika. manu’apedan aza nema” aya ramaljeng. manukemuda ayanga’en.
a nia ‘inaljan izua a tjaljitjiv ta nia pana, dudut ta ‘inaljan, nu kalja’udjaljan ’aca aravac a zaljum reminaw ta pana, izua nu uri sevaca’anga ta ‘inaljan, marekutjamen aravac .kaivililjanga sikasengsenganga ta dipu （日）堤防a remengez ta zaljum,kemasizua iniangamen
 a magagalj. nu kalja’udjaljan pacengceng a pulavay a situ, ta zulezulan.tjuruvu a cawcau a sematjaljitiv a ljemanguy.kumalji a pairing semamazamaza a ljemanguy,a talitu  ta ‘aca a zaljum a makelukelu, i tjaljitiv,samalji tiamadju ,sa kisuzalangzang uta.
izua kamakatalj ‘uaguagu’amen i vavua ,zemulezul aravac, nia sipavengetj a ‘adjay tua  kasiv, nua ljuang ,sa vaik a putidje’ a matjaljitjiv a ljemanguy. tazua inikanan a macau’ a ljemanguy,kimiya aluanga ‘u cavils. ‘aivuina’en ni kaka mayatucu,”pay ljanguyu！cunu azua ‘unu’unu macau’ a ljemanguy, kelju ！‘u patuluay hun” aya ti kaka. madje’ud a ‘en sa kamaya. kapakatjeluljanga ‘ivu a ‘emutjav tjanua’en ti kaka, ‘u ljauinanga. tazua ma’avus a ‘en ta ‘u rekutjan, sa ‘u ljupetjenanga ‘u ngudjus sa tjikezem ,sake mintjapulu a pasavacalj.manusepu’pu’ a ‘en,”ainuanga cawcau”aya ti kaka ta salasalad a ma’utja’utjav a kipakikim tjanua’en.malangda’en ta ljingav ni kaka i patalad ta zaljum. maya’en tu macay, sipapuljat a ‘u picul, ki’av’av ta ‘u nasi, paru’iyavanga’en a kemavakav, kacuaiyanga,sevaca’anga’en a kemasi tua zaljum i talad. sa  ’eljingenanga’en ni kaka a pasaljaving, manu inikanga’en a napenancu, sidjelia’en na’usalasalad a ki’azalj, masia ‘en aravac,”sini’aljudaanga su pancu” aya ti kaka, sialapanga’en ta itung ni kaka sa paitungananga’en. Kemasizua macau’anga’en a ljemanguy.
izua za mataita a  tjaljitiv,nia sazuazuain uta kivangavang.maljiyan a tjagulj izua, marudjilj nacawcau sa na’edjeljem, sarungua’ a kakigururungan,nu mazuamen,maralit ta kigururung,sa katjanitjani,mapiayanga nia lima a kula a kinacavacavan,nu  mauma’angamen,kanianinganamen ni kina ni Kama”cunu a nu kinakuraungan savidanga pia’pia’yan a nu kinacavacavan,ayain itjen,sa pacungalanamen,nukudral a nia pasaliv,pazitinganamen,saljengseng aravac a nia kula kata lima,palje’aungangamen tua saljesengan. aiyanga kinakakedriyan nekanu ‘utjavan, amin a ‘uagu kata kivangavang malevaleva sa kamaya.
nu masulesulem  ‘uzinganga tiavuvu a mangtjengtjez a kemasi vavua,ti vuvu i slep ,natemu’ulj tu tjanuita i cepeng ta vurati ta vasa,pumaya tu anema a inalap a lami.aza kalangu ni vuvu,nakitjakururuyanga ta kiniljaceng a tjawtjav a sama’ kanaljacenganga izua penuljatj.i tjaivililj a navenaca’ ti vuvu i kuljelje ,ta vinljud a vau’ ,pinisangas a ljuang a pinatjukuran ,ta kina’adavan niamadju,malaing kivasa kikisapa a piniputjuy.setukez aravac tiavuvu a ‘emuma,inikamen a maulam ta kakanen.
aiyanga tiavuvu inikanga mapacucun i vavua  a ‘emuma’uma,inikanga pucevucevulj a tapau nia vuvu,nekanga nu tjemautjav i vavua tjanuitjen.singlidanga’en tjanumun vuvu.
tucu kedrianga zaljum,mavekeljanga cawcau a sematjaljitiv a ljemanguy,inikanga ‘eringaringalj a i tjaljitiv, nasapuljuanga a i tjaljitjiv.
kavalanga sicuayan,nekanu’iljang kata cemel.nasamljam a i kalevelevan,naljamzav a zaljum,sarungua’ a tjasinasiyan.nu ‘azemezemetj nasepelju’ a i kalevelevan ta vitjuan a kalikijkij nguangua’ aravac,izua nu pacunamen ta sipanapana’ a vitjuan na temalidu aravac.a iljas, natemeljar aravac,mapa’ulja a kadjunangan,inikangamen a kiputinaki a pa’ulja ta djalan.aiyanga a kinangua’an nasicuayan,singlida’en.</text>
      <sha1>g60aek7xit1j7qwfx2gi9s41ww3pqq1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>cia</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>811</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12340</id>
      <parentid>12339</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-05T10:04:20Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12340</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="87" sha1="4es2st5kfp9zwp8ki06zgs50hfr6lev" xml:space="preserve">liaw a cia ikavukidan.
[[File:Masked palm civet, Satchari National Park.jpg|thumb|cia]]</text>
      <sha1>4es2st5kfp9zwp8ki06zgs50hfr6lev</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>vurasi</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>812</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12400</id>
      <parentid>12399</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-12T09:32:02Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12400</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="137" sha1="mq9nsxlej6cfuqar757tj4f78matdys" xml:space="preserve">na masan pazangal a lami a vurasi.

==qati==
qaljemqem a qati nua vurasi. 


==djaudjaw==


[[File:Ipomoea batatas 006.JPG|thumb|vurasi]]</text>
      <sha1>mq9nsxlej6cfuqar757tj4f78matdys</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kuljaljau</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>813</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12352</id>
      <parentid>12351</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-06T03:18:45Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12352</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="208" sha1="1jb2sb67a395ip1cnrzojiz2fuvqfbv" xml:space="preserve">==kuljaljau(古樓)==
aicu a qinaljan tucu na se kuljaljau si kin limaljanga sekaumalj.


==yubingkiuku==
nu cemuking tua paysu nu paljeteku tua  paysu itjen katua semusu’ itjen tua tigami, izua uta yubing.</text>
      <sha1>1jb2sb67a395ip1cnrzojiz2fuvqfbv</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>tjainan</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>814</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12568</id>
      <parentid>12547</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-16T00:47:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* tjainan(蜜蜂) */</comment>
      <origin>12568</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="333" sha1="7d8s8j2xfdibu6ti9hnf8xqkyia93i0" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Apis cerana08409.jpg|thumb|tjainan]]
==tjainan(蜜蜂)==
pu alju a tjainan. qaljemeqemeqem a alju nua tjainan. nupaljengi itjen nu kadjamadjaman makeljang tu inu a umaq nua tjainan.


===caljedj===
kiadjuq a caljedj nua tjainan nu na cemaljed sa pacai timadju.


==mazangilj==
[[mazangilj]] a sinikatevetevelj nua tjainan.</text>
      <sha1>7d8s8j2xfdibu6ti9hnf8xqkyia93i0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>veljevelj</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>815</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12681</id>
      <parentid>12354</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-15T03:13:33Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* veljevelj(香蕉) */</comment>
      <origin>12681</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="353" sha1="igp331rh76f3ti1f5cf4s73gh5zdorz" xml:space="preserve">[[File:Plátanos de Canarias.JPG|thumb|veljevelj]]

==veljevelj(香蕉)==
namasan pazangal a qinuman a veljvelj i tjanuitjen a payuan. nu namalumanga a veljvelj, madjulu a makapalak.


==lavelaven==
nu lavelaven a asav nua veljevelj mana makayanga siqavay a kempel.


==maqaida==
pinaka palisi a keman tua maqaida veljevelj a namavungelay a [[vavayan]].</text>
      <sha1>igp331rh76f3ti1f5cf4s73gh5zdorz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>vaduvadu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>816</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12356</id>
      <parentid>12355</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-06T05:01:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12356</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="255" sha1="54cfij8ly65fulc95ozz527ae60k87j" xml:space="preserve">==vaduvadu(鴿子)==
asicuayan, aicu a vaduvadu makaya sekauljan ta sematjez tua tigami. aicu a vaduvadu na sulapelj a ravac nu [[qayaman]].

[[File:HK CWB 維多利亞公園 Victoria Park 鴿子 Pigeon n green ground May 2016 DSC (4).jpg|thumb|vaduvadu]]</text>
      <sha1>54cfij8ly65fulc95ozz527ae60k87j</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>budu</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>817</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12409</id>
      <parentid>12408</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-06-13T01:32:52Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Happyboy10428</username>
        <id>851</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* vavain */</comment>
      <origin>12409</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="126" sha1="4rucanupg6estua7ohs0hkdrvb0ephk" xml:space="preserve">==budu(葡萄)==


==vavain==
aicu a kadraidray makaya san [[vavain]].


[[File:Grapes, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.jpg|thumb|budu]]</text>
      <sha1>4rucanupg6estua7ohs0hkdrvb0ephk</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>djemuljat</title>
    <ns>0</ns>
    <id>818</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12693</id>
      <parentid>12692</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-10-15T03:57:47Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Acelee2016</username>
        <id>1980</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>/* djuljat */</comment>
      <origin>12693</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="163" sha1="9hdnj9bvwy5nrsns4bsasql0ukre02l" xml:space="preserve">==djemuljat(刺球)==
amin a uqaljaqaljai a makaya djemuljat. nu [[maljeveq]] mana izua djemuljat.


==djuljat==
tjalja vavavan anga djuljat na [[mamazangiljan]].</text>
      <sha1>9hdnj9bvwy5nrsns4bsasql0ukre02l</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:Cite web</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>819</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12514</id>
      <timestamp>2024-07-15T08:25:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>42.119.242.132</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=web }}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12514</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="104" sha1="0zjmbbssk3lltu2ebgtz58jreivtme1" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=web
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>0zjmbbssk3lltu2ebgtz58jreivtme1</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>模組:Citation/CS1</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>820</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12515</id>
      <timestamp>2024-07-15T08:26:28Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>42.119.242.132</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「require ('strict');  --[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;--------------------------------------  each of these counts against the Lua upvalue limit  ]]  local validation;																-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation  local utilities;																-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities local z = {};																	-- table of tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities  local identifiers;…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12515</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="226159" sha1="7sahwn7umrpjn8voh7tpvtm2yhs02x8" xml:space="preserve">require ('strict');

--[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;--------------------------------------

each of these counts against the Lua upvalue limit

]]

local validation;																-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation

local utilities;																-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities
local z = {};																	-- table of tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities

local identifiers;																-- functions and tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers
local metadata;																	-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/COinS
local cfg = {};																	-- table of configuration tables that are defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration
local whitelist = {};															-- table of tables listing valid template parameter names; defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist


--[[------------------&lt; P A G E   S C O P E   V A R I A B L E S &gt;---------------

declare variables here that have page-wide scope that are not brought in from
other modules; that are created here and used here

]]

local added_deprecated_cat;														-- Boolean flag so that the category is added only once
local added_vanc_errs;															-- Boolean flag so we only emit one Vancouver error / category
local added_generic_name_errs;													-- Boolean flag so we only emit one generic name error / category and stop testing names once an error is encountered
local added_numeric_name_errs;													-- Boolean flag so we only emit one numeric name error / category and stop testing names once an error is encountered
local added_numeric_name_maint;													-- Boolean flag so we only emit one numeric name maint category and stop testing names once a category has been emitted
local Frame;																	-- holds the module's frame table
local is_preview_mode;															-- true when article is in preview mode; false when using 'Preview page with this template' (previewing the module)
local is_sandbox;																-- true when using sandbox modules to render citation


--[[--------------------------&lt; F I R S T _ S E T &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

Locates and returns the first set value in a table of values where the order established in the table,
left-to-right (or top-to-bottom), is the order in which the values are evaluated.  Returns nil if none are set.

This version replaces the original 'for _, val in pairs do' and a similar version that used ipairs.  With the pairs
version the order of evaluation could not be guaranteed.  With the ipairs version, a nil value would terminate
the for-loop before it reached the actual end of the list.

]]

local function first_set (list, count)
	local i = 1;
	while i &lt;= count do															-- loop through all items in list
		if utilities.is_set( list[i] ) then
			return list[i];														-- return the first set list member
		end
		i = i + 1;																-- point to next
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; A D D _ V A N C _ E R R O R &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Adds a single Vancouver system error message to the template's output regardless of how many error actually exist.
To prevent duplication, added_vanc_errs is nil until an error message is emitted.

added_vanc_errs is a Boolean declared in page scope variables above

]]

local function add_vanc_error (source, position)
	if added_vanc_errs then return end
		
	added_vanc_errs = true;														-- note that we've added this category
	utilities.set_message ('err_vancouver', {source, position});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ S C H E M E &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

does this thing that purports to be a URI scheme seem to be a valid scheme?  The scheme is checked to see if it
is in agreement with http://tools.ietf.org/html/std66#section-3.1 which says:
	Scheme names consist of a sequence of characters beginning with a
   letter and followed by any combination of letters, digits, plus
   (&quot;+&quot;), period (&quot;.&quot;), or hyphen (&quot;-&quot;).

returns true if it does, else false

]]

local function is_scheme (scheme)
	return scheme and scheme:match ('^%a[%a%d%+%.%-]*:');						-- true if scheme is set and matches the pattern
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I S _ D O M A I N _ N A M E &gt;--------------------------------------------------

Does this thing that purports to be a domain name seem to be a valid domain name?

Syntax defined here: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1034#section-3.5
BNF defined here: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4234
Single character names are generally reserved; see https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dnsind-iana-dns-01#page-15;
	see also [[Single-letter second-level domain]]
list of TLDs: https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db

RFC 952 (modified by RFC 1123) requires the first and last character of a hostname to be a letter or a digit.  Between
the first and last characters the name may use letters, digits, and the hyphen.

Also allowed are IPv4 addresses. IPv6 not supported

domain is expected to be stripped of any path so that the last character in the last character of the TLD.  tld
is two or more alpha characters.  Any preceding '//' (from splitting a URL with a scheme) will be stripped
here.  Perhaps not necessary but retained in case it is necessary for IPv4 dot decimal.

There are several tests:
	the first character of the whole domain name including subdomains must be a letter or a digit
	internationalized domain name (ASCII characters with .xn-- ASCII Compatible Encoding (ACE) prefix xn-- in the TLD) see https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3490
	single-letter/digit second-level domains in the .org, .cash, and .today TLDs
	q, x, and z SL domains in the .com TLD
	i and q SL domains in the .net TLD
	single-letter SL domains in the ccTLDs (where the ccTLD is two letters)
	two-character SL domains in gTLDs (where the gTLD is two or more letters)
	three-plus-character SL domains in gTLDs (where the gTLD is two or more letters)
	IPv4 dot-decimal address format; TLD not allowed

returns true if domain appears to be a proper name and TLD or IPv4 address, else false

]=]

local function is_domain_name (domain)
	if not domain then
		return false;															-- if not set, abandon
	end
	
	domain = domain:gsub ('^//', '');											-- strip '//' from domain name if present; done here so we only have to do it once
	
	if not domain:match ('^[%w]') then											-- first character must be letter or digit
		return false;
	end

	if domain:match ('^%a+:') then												-- hack to detect things that look like s:Page:Title where Page: is namespace at Wikisource
		return false;
	end

	local patterns = {															-- patterns that look like URLs
		'%f[%w][%w][%w%-]+[%w]%.%a%a+$',										-- three or more character hostname.hostname or hostname.tld
		'%f[%w][%w][%w%-]+[%w]%.xn%-%-[%w]+$',									-- internationalized domain name with ACE prefix
		'%f[%a][qxz]%.com$',													-- assigned one character .com hostname (x.com times out 2015-12-10)
		'%f[%a][iq]%.net$',														-- assigned one character .net hostname (q.net registered but not active 2015-12-10)
		'%f[%w][%w]%.%a%a$',													-- one character hostname and ccTLD (2 chars)
		'%f[%w][%w][%w]%.%a%a+$',												-- two character hostname and TLD
		'^%d%d?%d?%.%d%d?%d?%.%d%d?%d?%.%d%d?%d?',								-- IPv4 address
		}

	for _, pattern in ipairs (patterns) do										-- loop through the patterns list
		if domain:match (pattern) then
			return true;														-- if a match then we think that this thing that purports to be a URL is a URL
		end
	end

	for _, d in ipairs (cfg.single_letter_2nd_lvl_domains_t) do					-- look for single letter second level domain names for these top level domains
		if domain:match ('%f[%w][%w]%.' .. d) then
			return true
		end
	end
	return false;																-- no matches, we don't know what this thing is
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ U R L &gt;------------------------------------------------------------------

returns true if the scheme and domain parts of a URL appear to be a valid URL; else false.

This function is the last step in the validation process.  This function is separate because there are cases that
are not covered by split_url(), for example is_parameter_ext_wikilink() which is looking for bracketted external
wikilinks.

]]

local function is_url (scheme, domain)
	if utilities.is_set (scheme) then											-- if scheme is set check it and domain
		return is_scheme (scheme) and is_domain_name (domain);
	else
		return is_domain_name (domain);											-- scheme not set when URL is protocol-relative
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S P L I T _ U R L &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

Split a URL into a scheme, authority indicator, and domain.

First remove Fully Qualified Domain Name terminator (a dot following TLD) (if any) and any path(/), query(?) or fragment(#).

If protocol-relative URL, return nil scheme and domain else return nil for both scheme and domain.

When not protocol-relative, get scheme, authority indicator, and domain.  If there is an authority indicator (one
or more '/' characters immediately following the scheme's colon), make sure that there are only 2.

Any URL that does not have news: scheme must have authority indicator (//).  TODO: are there other common schemes
like news: that don't use authority indicator?

Strip off any port and path;

]]

local function split_url (url_str)
	local scheme, authority, domain;
	
	url_str = url_str:gsub ('([%a%d])%.?[/%?#].*$', '%1');						-- strip FQDN terminator and path(/), query(?), fragment (#) (the capture prevents false replacement of '//')

	if url_str:match ('^//%S*') then											-- if there is what appears to be a protocol-relative URL
		domain = url_str:match ('^//(%S*)')
	elseif url_str:match ('%S-:/*%S+') then										-- if there is what appears to be a scheme, optional authority indicator, and domain name
		scheme, authority, domain = url_str:match ('(%S-:)(/*)(%S+)');			-- extract the scheme, authority indicator, and domain portions
		if utilities.is_set (authority) then
			authority = authority:gsub ('//', '', 1);							-- replace place 1 pair of '/' with nothing;
			if utilities.is_set(authority) then									-- if anything left (1 or 3+ '/' where authority should be) then
				return scheme;													-- return scheme only making domain nil which will cause an error message
			end
		else
			if not scheme:match ('^news:') then									-- except for news:..., MediaWiki won't link URLs that do not have authority indicator; TODO: a better way to do this test?
				return scheme;													-- return scheme only making domain nil which will cause an error message
			end
		end
		domain = domain:gsub ('(%a):%d+', '%1');								-- strip port number if present
	end
	
	return scheme, domain;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L I N K _ P A R A M _ O K &gt;---------------------------------------------------

checks the content of |title-link=, |series-link=, |author-link=, etc. for properly formatted content: no wikilinks, no URLs

Link parameters are to hold the title of a Wikipedia article, so none of the WP:TITLESPECIALCHARACTERS are allowed:
	# &lt; &gt; [ ] | { } _
except the underscore which is used as a space in wiki URLs and # which is used for section links

returns false when the value contains any of these characters.

When there are no illegal characters, this function returns TRUE if value DOES NOT appear to be a valid URL (the
|&lt;param&gt;-link= parameter is ok); else false when value appears to be a valid URL (the |&lt;param&gt;-link= parameter is NOT ok).

]]

local function link_param_ok (value)
	local scheme, domain;
	if value:find ('[&lt;&gt;%[%]|{}]') then											-- if any prohibited characters
		return false;
	end

	scheme, domain = split_url (value);											-- get scheme or nil and domain or nil from URL; 
	return not is_url (scheme, domain);											-- return true if value DOES NOT appear to be a valid URL
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L I N K _ T I T L E _ O K &gt;---------------------------------------------------

Use link_param_ok() to validate |&lt;param&gt;-link= value and its matching |&lt;title&gt;= value.

|&lt;title&gt;= may be wiki-linked but not when |&lt;param&gt;-link= has a value.  This function emits an error message when
that condition exists

check &lt;link&gt; for inter-language interwiki-link prefix.  prefix must be a MediaWiki-recognized language
code and must begin with a colon.

]]

local function link_title_ok (link, lorig, title, torig)
	local orig;
	if utilities.is_set (link) then 											-- don't bother if &lt;param&gt;-link doesn't have a value
		if not link_param_ok (link) then										-- check |&lt;param&gt;-link= markup
			orig = lorig;														-- identify the failing link parameter
		elseif title:find ('%[%[') then											-- check |title= for wikilink markup
			orig = torig;														-- identify the failing |title= parameter
		elseif link:match ('^%a+:') then										-- if the link is what looks like an interwiki
			local prefix = link:match ('^(%a+):'):lower();						-- get the interwiki prefix

			if cfg.inter_wiki_map[prefix] then									-- if prefix is in the map, must have preceding colon
				orig = lorig;													-- flag as error
			end
		end
	end

	if utilities.is_set (orig) then
		link = '';																-- unset
		utilities.set_message ('err_bad_paramlink', orig);						-- URL or wikilink in |title= with |title-link=;
	end
	
	return link;																-- link if ok, empty string else
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C H E C K _ U R L &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

Determines whether a URL string appears to be valid.

First we test for space characters.  If any are found, return false.  Then split the URL into scheme and domain
portions, or for protocol-relative (//example.com) URLs, just the domain.  Use is_url() to validate the two
portions of the URL.  If both are valid, or for protocol-relative if domain is valid, return true, else false.

Because it is different from a standard URL, and because this module used external_link() to make external links
that work for standard and news: links, we validate newsgroup names here.  The specification for a newsgroup name
is at https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5536#section-3.1.4

]]

local function check_url( url_str )
	if nil == url_str:match (&quot;^%S+$&quot;) then										-- if there are any spaces in |url=value it can't be a proper URL
		return false;
	end
	local scheme, domain;

	scheme, domain = split_url (url_str);										-- get scheme or nil and domain or nil from URL;
	
	if 'news:' == scheme then													-- special case for newsgroups
		return domain:match('^[%a%d%+%-_]+%.[%a%d%+%-_%.]*[%a%d%+%-_]$');
	end
	
	return is_url (scheme, domain);												-- return true if value appears to be a valid URL
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I S _ P A R A M E T E R _ E X T _ W I K I L I N K &gt;----------------------------

Return true if a parameter value has a string that begins and ends with square brackets [ and ] and the first
non-space characters following the opening bracket appear to be a URL.  The test will also find external wikilinks
that use protocol-relative URLs. Also finds bare URLs.

The frontier pattern prevents a match on interwiki-links which are similar to scheme:path URLs.  The tests that
find bracketed URLs are required because the parameters that call this test (currently |title=, |chapter=, |work=,
and |publisher=) may have wikilinks and there are articles or redirects like '//Hus' so, while uncommon, |title=[[//Hus]]
is possible as might be [[en://Hus]].

]=]

local function is_parameter_ext_wikilink (value)
local scheme, domain;

	if value:match ('%f[%[]%[%a%S*:%S+.*%]') then								-- if ext. wikilink with scheme and domain: [xxxx://yyyyy.zzz]
		scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('%f[%[]%[(%a%S*:%S+).*%]'));
	elseif value:match ('%f[%[]%[//%S+.*%]') then								-- if protocol-relative ext. wikilink: [//yyyyy.zzz]
		scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('%f[%[]%[(//%S+).*%]'));
	elseif value:match ('%a%S*:%S+') then										-- if bare URL with scheme; may have leading or trailing plain text
		scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('(%a%S*:%S+)'));
	elseif value:match ('//%S+') then											-- if protocol-relative bare URL: //yyyyy.zzz; may have leading or trailing plain text
		scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('(//%S+)'));					-- what is left should be the domain
	else
		return false;															-- didn't find anything that is obviously a URL
	end

	return is_url (scheme, domain);												-- return true if value appears to be a valid URL
end


--[[-------------------------&lt; C H E C K _ F O R _ U R L &gt;-----------------------------------------------------

loop through a list of parameters and their values.  Look at the value and if it has an external link, emit an error message.

]]

local function check_for_url (parameter_list, error_list)
	for k, v in pairs (parameter_list) do										-- for each parameter in the list
		if is_parameter_ext_wikilink (v) then									-- look at the value; if there is a URL add an error message
			table.insert (error_list, utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', k));
		end
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S A F E _ F O R _ U R L &gt;------------------------------------------------------

Escape sequences for content that will be used for URL descriptions

]]

local function safe_for_url( str )
	if str:match( &quot;%[%[.-%]%]&quot; ) ~= nil then 
		utilities.set_message ('err_wikilink_in_url', {});
	end
	
	return str:gsub( '[%[%]\n]', {	
		['['] = '&amp;#91;',
		[']'] = '&amp;#93;',
		['\n'] = ' ' } );
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X T E R N A L _ L I N K &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Format an external link with error checking

]]

local function external_link (URL, label, source, access)
	local err_msg = '';
	local domain;
	local path;
	local base_url;

	if not utilities.is_set (label) then
		label = URL;
		if utilities.is_set (source) then
			utilities.set_message ('err_bare_url_missing_title', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', source)});
		else
			error (cfg.messages[&quot;bare_url_no_origin&quot;]);							-- programmer error; valid parameter name does not have matching meta-parameter
		end			
	end
	if not check_url (URL) then
		utilities.set_message ('err_bad_url', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', source)});
	end
	
	domain, path = URL:match ('^([/%.%-%+:%a%d]+)([/%?#].*)$');					-- split the URL into scheme plus domain and path
	if path then																-- if there is a path portion
		path = path:gsub ('[%[%]]', {['['] = '%5b', [']'] = '%5d'});			-- replace '[' and ']' with their percent-encoded values
		URL = table.concat ({domain, path});									-- and reassemble
	end

	base_url = table.concat ({ &quot;[&quot;, URL, &quot; &quot;, safe_for_url (label), &quot;]&quot; });		-- assemble a wiki-markup URL

	if utilities.is_set (access) then											-- access level (subscription, registration, limited)
		base_url = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['ext-link-access-signal'], {cfg.presentation[access].class, cfg.presentation[access].title, base_url});	-- add the appropriate icon
	end

	return base_url;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; D E P R E C A T E D _ P A R A M E T E R &gt;--------------------------------------

Categorize and emit an error message when the citation contains one or more deprecated parameters.  The function includes the
offending parameter name to the error message.  Only one error message is emitted regardless of the number of deprecated
parameters in the citation.

added_deprecated_cat is a Boolean declared in page scope variables above

]]

local function deprecated_parameter(name)
	if not added_deprecated_cat then
		added_deprecated_cat = true;											-- note that we've added this category
		utilities.set_message ('err_deprecated_params', {name});				-- add error message
	end
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; K E R N _ Q U O T E S &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

Apply kerning to open the space between the quote mark provided by the module and a leading or trailing quote
mark contained in a |title= or |chapter= parameter's value.

This function will positive kern either single or double quotes:
	&quot;'Unkerned title with leading and trailing single quote marks'&quot;
	&quot; 'Kerned title with leading and trailing single quote marks' &quot; (in real life the kerning isn't as wide as this example)
Double single quotes (italic or bold wiki-markup) are not kerned.

Replaces Unicode quote marks in plain text or in the label portion of a [[L|D]] style wikilink with typewriter
quote marks regardless of the need for kerning.  Unicode quote marks are not replaced in simple [[D]] wikilinks.

Call this function for chapter titles, for website titles, etc.; not for book titles.

]=]

local function kern_quotes (str)
	local cap = '';
	local wl_type, label, link;

	wl_type, label, link = utilities.is_wikilink (str);							-- wl_type is: 0, no wl (text in label variable); 1, [[D]]; 2, [[L|D]]
	
	if 1 == wl_type then														-- [[D]] simple wikilink with or without quote marks
		if mw.ustring.match (str, '%[%[[\&quot;“”\'‘’].+[\&quot;“”\'‘’]%]%]') then		-- leading and trailing quote marks
			str = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-left'], str);
			str = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-right'], str);
		elseif mw.ustring.match (str, '%[%[[\&quot;“”\'‘’].+%]%]')	then			-- leading quote marks
			str = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-left'], str);
		elseif mw.ustring.match (str, '%[%[.+[\&quot;“”\'‘’]%]%]') then				-- trailing quote marks
			str = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-right'], str);
		end

	else																		-- plain text or [[L|D]]; text in label variable
		label = mw.ustring.gsub (label, '[“”]', '\&quot;');							-- replace “” (U+201C &amp; U+201D) with &quot; (typewriter double quote mark)
		label = mw.ustring.gsub (label, '[‘’]', '\'');							-- replace ‘’ (U+2018 &amp; U+2019) with ' (typewriter single quote mark)

		cap = mw.ustring.match (label, &quot;^([\&quot;\'][^\'].+)&quot;);						-- match leading double or single quote but not doubled single quotes (italic markup)
		if utilities.is_set (cap) then
			label = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-left'], cap);
		end
	
		cap = mw.ustring.match (label, &quot;^(.+[^\'][\&quot;\'])$&quot;)						-- match trailing double or single quote but not doubled single quotes (italic markup)
		if utilities.is_set (cap) then
			label = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-right'], cap);
		end
		
		if 2 == wl_type then
			str = utilities.make_wikilink (link, label);						-- reassemble the wikilink
		else
			str = label;
		end
	end
	return str;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; F O R M A T _ S C R I P T _ V A L U E &gt;----------------------------------------

|script-title= holds title parameters that are not written in Latin-based scripts: Chinese, Japanese, Arabic, Hebrew, etc. These scripts should
not be italicized and may be written right-to-left.  The value supplied by |script-title= is concatenated onto Title after Title has been wrapped
in italic markup.

Regardless of language, all values provided by |script-title= are wrapped in &lt;bdi&gt;...&lt;/bdi&gt; tags to isolate RTL languages from the English left to right.

|script-title= provides a unique feature.  The value in |script-title= may be prefixed with a two-character ISO 639-1 language code and a colon:
	|script-title=ja:*** *** (where * represents a Japanese character)
Spaces between the two-character code and the colon and the colon and the first script character are allowed:
	|script-title=ja : *** ***
	|script-title=ja: *** ***
	|script-title=ja :*** ***
Spaces preceding the prefix are allowed: |script-title = ja:*** ***

The prefix is checked for validity.  If it is a valid ISO 639-1 language code, the lang attribute (lang=&quot;ja&quot;) is added to the &lt;bdi&gt; tag so that browsers can
know the language the tag contains.  This may help the browser render the script more correctly.  If the prefix is invalid, the lang attribute
is not added.  At this time there is no error message for this condition.

Supports |script-title=, |script-chapter=, |script-&lt;periodical&gt;=

]]

local function format_script_value (script_value, script_param)
	local lang='';																-- initialize to empty string
	local name;
	if script_value:match('^%l%l%l?%s*:') then									-- if first 3 or 4 non-space characters are script language prefix
		lang = script_value:match('^(%l%l%l?)%s*:%s*%S.*');						-- get the language prefix or nil if there is no script
		if not utilities.is_set (lang) then
			utilities.set_message ('err_script_parameter', {script_param, cfg.err_msg_supl['missing title part']});		-- prefix without 'title'; add error message
			return '';															-- script_value was just the prefix so return empty string
		end
																				-- if we get this far we have prefix and script
		name = cfg.lang_tag_remap[lang] or mw.language.fetchLanguageName( lang, cfg.this_wiki_code );	-- get language name so that we can use it to categorize
		if utilities.is_set (name) then											-- is prefix a proper ISO 639-1 language code?
			script_value = script_value:gsub ('^%l+%s*:%s*', '');				-- strip prefix from script
																				-- is prefix one of these language codes?
			if utilities.in_array (lang, cfg.script_lang_codes) then
				utilities.add_prop_cat ('script', {name, lang})
			else
				utilities.set_message ('err_script_parameter', {script_param, cfg.err_msg_supl['unknown language code']});	-- unknown script-language; add error message
			end
			lang = ' lang=&quot;' .. lang .. '&quot; ';									-- convert prefix into a lang attribute
		else
			utilities.set_message ('err_script_parameter', {script_param, cfg.err_msg_supl['invalid language code']});		-- invalid language code; add error message
			lang = '';															-- invalid so set lang to empty string
		end
	else
		utilities.set_message ('err_script_parameter', {script_param, cfg.err_msg_supl['missing prefix']});				-- no language code prefix; add error message
	end
	script_value = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['bdi'], {lang, script_value});	-- isolate in case script is RTL

	return script_value;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S C R I P T _ C O N C A T E N A T E &gt;------------------------------------------

Initially for |title= and |script-title=, this function concatenates those two parameter values after the script
value has been wrapped in &lt;bdi&gt; tags.

]]

local function script_concatenate (title, script, script_param)
	if utilities.is_set (script) then
		script = format_script_value (script, script_param);					-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; returns empty string on error
		if utilities.is_set (script) then
			title = title .. ' ' .. script;										-- concatenate title and script title
		end
	end
	return title;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; W R A P _ M S G &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

Applies additional message text to various parameter values. Supplied string is wrapped using a message_list
configuration taking one argument.  Supports lower case text for {{citation}} templates.  Additional text taken
from citation_config.messages - the reason this function is similar to but separate from wrap_style().

]]

local function wrap_msg (key, str, lower)
	if not utilities.is_set ( str ) then
		return &quot;&quot;;
	end
	if true == lower then
		local msg;
		msg = cfg.messages[key]:lower();										-- set the message to lower case before 
		return utilities.substitute ( msg, str );								-- including template text
	else
		return utilities.substitute ( cfg.messages[key], str );
	end		
end


--[[----------------&lt; W I K I S O U R C E _ U R L _ M A K E &gt;-------------------

Makes a Wikisource URL from Wikisource interwiki-link.  Returns the URL and appropriate
label; nil else.

str is the value assigned to |chapter= (or aliases) or |title= or |title-link=

]]

local function wikisource_url_make (str)
	local wl_type, D, L;
	local ws_url, ws_label;
	local wikisource_prefix = table.concat ({'https://', cfg.this_wiki_code, '.wikisource.org/wiki/'});

	wl_type, D, L = utilities.is_wikilink (str);								-- wl_type is 0 (not a wikilink), 1 (simple wikilink), 2 (complex wikilink)

	if 0 == wl_type then														-- not a wikilink; might be from |title-link=
		str = D:match ('^[Ww]ikisource:(.+)') or D:match ('^[Ss]:(.+)');		-- article title from interwiki link with long-form or short-form namespace
		if utilities.is_set (str) then
			ws_url = table.concat ({											-- build a Wikisource URL
				wikisource_prefix,												-- prefix
				str,															-- article title
				});
			ws_label = str;														-- label for the URL
		end
	elseif 1 == wl_type then													-- simple wikilink: [[Wikisource:ws article]]
		str = D:match ('^[Ww]ikisource:(.+)') or D:match ('^[Ss]:(.+)');		-- article title from interwiki link with long-form or short-form namespace
		if utilities.is_set (str) then
			ws_url = table.concat ({											-- build a Wikisource URL
				wikisource_prefix,												-- prefix
				str,															-- article title
				});
			ws_label = str;														-- label for the URL
		end
	elseif 2 == wl_type then													-- non-so-simple wikilink: [[Wikisource:ws article|displayed text]] ([[L|D]])
		str = L:match ('^[Ww]ikisource:(.+)') or L:match ('^[Ss]:(.+)');		-- article title from interwiki link with long-form or short-form namespace
		if utilities.is_set (str) then
			ws_label = D;														-- get ws article name from display portion of interwiki link
			ws_url = table.concat ({											-- build a Wikisource URL
				wikisource_prefix,												-- prefix
				str,															-- article title without namespace from link portion of wikilink
				});
		end
	end

	if ws_url then
		ws_url = mw.uri.encode (ws_url, 'WIKI');								-- make a usable URL
		ws_url = ws_url:gsub ('%%23', '#');										-- undo percent-encoding of fragment marker
	end

	return ws_url, ws_label, L or D;											-- return proper URL or nil and a label or nil
end


--[[----------------&lt; F O R M A T _ P E R I O D I C A L &gt;-----------------------

Format the three periodical parameters: |script-&lt;periodical&gt;=, |&lt;periodical&gt;=,
and |trans-&lt;periodical&gt;= into a single Periodical meta-parameter.

]]

local function format_periodical (script_periodical, script_periodical_source, periodical, trans_periodical)

	if not utilities.is_set (periodical) then
		periodical = '';														-- to be safe for concatenation
	else
		periodical = utilities.wrap_style ('italic-title', periodical);			-- style 
	end

	periodical = script_concatenate (periodical, script_periodical, script_periodical_source);	-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; must be done after title is wrapped

	if utilities.is_set (trans_periodical) then
		trans_periodical = utilities.wrap_style ('trans-italic-title', trans_periodical);
		if utilities.is_set (periodical) then
			periodical = periodical .. ' ' .. trans_periodical;
		else																	-- here when trans-periodical without periodical or script-periodical
			periodical = trans_periodical;
			utilities.set_message ('err_trans_missing_title', {'periodical'});
		end
	end

	return periodical;
end


--[[------------------&lt; F O R M A T _ C H A P T E R _ T I T L E &gt;---------------

Format the four chapter parameters: |script-chapter=, |chapter=, |trans-chapter=,
and |chapter-url= into a single chapter meta- parameter (chapter_url_source used
for error messages).

]]

local function format_chapter_title (script_chapter, script_chapter_source, chapter, chapter_source, trans_chapter, trans_chapter_source, chapter_url, chapter_url_source, no_quotes, access)
	local ws_url, ws_label, L = wikisource_url_make (chapter);					-- make a wikisource URL and label from a wikisource interwiki link
	if ws_url then
		ws_label = ws_label:gsub ('_', ' ');									-- replace underscore separators with space characters
		chapter = ws_label;
	end

	if not utilities.is_set (chapter) then
		chapter = '';															-- to be safe for concatenation
	else
		if false == no_quotes then
			chapter = kern_quotes (chapter);									-- if necessary, separate chapter title's leading and trailing quote marks from module provided quote marks
			chapter = utilities.wrap_style ('quoted-title', chapter);
		end
	end

	chapter = script_concatenate (chapter, script_chapter, script_chapter_source);	-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; must be done after title is wrapped

	if utilities.is_set (chapter_url) then
		chapter = external_link (chapter_url, chapter, chapter_url_source, access);	-- adds bare_url_missing_title error if appropriate
	elseif ws_url then
		chapter = external_link (ws_url, chapter .. '&amp;nbsp;', 'ws link in chapter');	-- adds bare_url_missing_title error if appropriate; space char to move icon away from chap text; TODO: better way to do this?
		chapter = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['interwiki-icon'], {cfg.presentation['class-wikisource'], L, chapter});				
	end

	if utilities.is_set (trans_chapter) then
		trans_chapter = utilities.wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', trans_chapter);
		if utilities.is_set (chapter) then
			chapter = chapter .. ' ' .. trans_chapter;
		else																	-- here when trans_chapter without chapter or script-chapter
			chapter = trans_chapter;
			chapter_source = trans_chapter_source:match ('trans%-?(.+)');		-- when no chapter, get matching name from trans-&lt;param&gt;
			utilities.set_message ('err_trans_missing_title', {chapter_source});
		end
	end

	return chapter;
end


--[[----------------&lt; H A S _ I N V I S I B L E _ C H A R S &gt;-------------------

This function searches a parameter's value for non-printable or invisible characters.
The search stops at the first match.

This function will detect the visible replacement character when it is part of the Wikisource.

Detects but ignores nowiki and math stripmarkers.  Also detects other named stripmarkers
(gallery, math, pre, ref) and identifies them with a slightly different error message.
See also coins_cleanup().

Output of this function is an error message that identifies the character or the
Unicode group, or the stripmarker that was detected along with its position (or,
for multi-byte characters, the position of its first byte) in the parameter value.

]]

local function has_invisible_chars (param, v)
	local position = '';														-- position of invisible char or starting position of stripmarker
	local capture;																-- used by stripmarker detection to hold name of the stripmarker
	local stripmarker;															-- boolean set true when a stripmarker is found

	capture = string.match (v, '[%w%p ]*');										-- test for values that are simple ASCII text and bypass other tests if true
	if capture == v then														-- if same there are no Unicode characters
		return;
	end

	for _, invisible_char in ipairs (cfg.invisible_chars) do
		local char_name = invisible_char[1];									-- the character or group name
		local pattern = invisible_char[2];										-- the pattern used to find it
		position, _, capture = mw.ustring.find (v, pattern);					-- see if the parameter value contains characters that match the pattern
		
		if position and (cfg.invisible_defs.zwj == capture) then				-- if we found a zero-width joiner character
			if mw.ustring.find (v, cfg.indic_script) then						-- it's ok if one of the Indic scripts
				position = nil;													-- unset position
			elseif cfg.emoji_t[mw.ustring.codepoint (v, position+1)] then			-- is zwj followed by a character listed in emoji{}?
				position = nil;													-- unset position
			end
		end
		
		if position then
			if 'nowiki' == capture or 'math' == capture or						-- nowiki and math stripmarkers (not an error condition)
				('templatestyles' == capture and utilities.in_array (param, {'id', 'quote'})) then	-- templatestyles stripmarker allowed in these parameters
					stripmarker = true;											-- set a flag
			elseif true == stripmarker and cfg.invisible_defs.del == capture then	-- because stripmakers begin and end with the delete char, assume that we've found one end of a stripmarker
				position = nil;													-- unset
			else
				local err_msg;
				if capture and not (cfg.invisible_defs.del == capture or cfg.invisible_defs.zwj == capture) then
					err_msg = capture .. ' ' .. char_name;
				else
					err_msg = char_name .. ' ' .. 'character';
				end

				utilities.set_message ('err_invisible_char', {err_msg, utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', param), position});	-- add error message
				return;															-- and done with this parameter
			end
		end
	end
end


--[[-------------------&lt; A R G U M E N T _ W R A P P E R &gt;----------------------

Argument wrapper.  This function provides support for argument mapping defined
in the configuration file so that multiple names can be transparently aliased to
single internal variable.

]]

local function argument_wrapper ( args )
	local origin = {};
	
	return setmetatable({
		ORIGIN = function ( self, k )
			local dummy = self[k];												-- force the variable to be loaded.
			return origin[k];
		end
	},
	{
		__index = function ( tbl, k )
			if origin[k] ~= nil then
				return nil;
			end
			
			local args, list, v = args, cfg.aliases[k];
			
			if type( list ) == 'table' then
				v, origin[k] = utilities.select_one ( args, list, 'err_redundant_parameters' );
				if origin[k] == nil then
					origin[k] = '';												-- Empty string, not nil
				end
			elseif list ~= nil then
				v, origin[k] = args[list], list;
			else
				-- maybe let through instead of raising an error?
				-- v, origin[k] = args[k], k;
				error( cfg.messages['unknown_argument_map'] .. ': ' .. k);
			end
			
			-- Empty strings, not nil;
			if v == nil then
				v = '';
				origin[k] = '';
			end
			
			tbl = rawset( tbl, k, v );
			return v;
		end,
	});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; N O W R A P _ D A T E &gt;-------------------------

When date is YYYY-MM-DD format wrap in nowrap span: &lt;span ...&gt;YYYY-MM-DD&lt;/span&gt;.
When date is DD MMMM YYYY or is MMMM DD, YYYY then wrap in nowrap span:
&lt;span ...&gt;DD MMMM&lt;/span&gt; YYYY or &lt;span ...&gt;MMMM DD,&lt;/span&gt; YYYY

DOES NOT yet support MMMM YYYY or any of the date ranges.

]]

local function nowrap_date (date)
	local cap = '';
	local cap2 = '';

	if date:match(&quot;^%d%d%d%d%-%d%d%-%d%d$&quot;) then
		date = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['nowrap1'], date);
	
	elseif date:match(&quot;^%a+%s*%d%d?,%s+%d%d%d%d$&quot;) or date:match (&quot;^%d%d?%s*%a+%s+%d%d%d%d$&quot;) then
		cap, cap2 = string.match (date, &quot;^(.*)%s+(%d%d%d%d)$&quot;);
		date = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['nowrap2'], {cap, cap2});
	end
	
	return date;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E T _ T I T L E T Y P E &gt;---------------------

This function sets default title types (equivalent to the citation including
|type=&lt;default value&gt;) for those templates that have defaults. Also handles the
special case where it is desirable to omit the title type from the rendered citation
(|type=none).

]]

local function set_titletype (cite_class, title_type)
	if utilities.is_set (title_type) then
		if 'none' == cfg.keywords_xlate[title_type] then
			title_type = '';													-- if |type=none then type parameter not displayed
		end
		return title_type;														-- if |type= has been set to any other value use that value
	end

	return cfg.title_types [cite_class] or '';									-- set template's default title type; else empty string for concatenation
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S A F E _ J O I N &gt;-----------------------------

Joins a sequence of strings together while checking for duplicate separation characters.

]]

local function safe_join( tbl, duplicate_char )
	local f = {};																-- create a function table appropriate to type of 'duplicate character'
		if 1 == #duplicate_char then											-- for single byte ASCII characters use the string library functions
			f.gsub = string.gsub
			f.match = string.match
			f.sub = string.sub
		else																	-- for multi-byte characters use the ustring library functions
			f.gsub = mw.ustring.gsub
			f.match = mw.ustring.match
			f.sub = mw.ustring.sub
		end

	local str = '';																-- the output string
	local comp = '';															-- what does 'comp' mean?
	local end_chr = '';
	local trim;
	for _, value in ipairs( tbl ) do
		if value == nil then value = ''; end
		
		if str == '' then														-- if output string is empty
			str = value;														-- assign value to it (first time through the loop)
		elseif value ~= '' then
			if value:sub(1, 1) == '&lt;' then										-- special case of values enclosed in spans and other markup.
				comp = value:gsub( &quot;%b&lt;&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot; );								-- remove HTML markup (&lt;span&gt;string&lt;/span&gt; -&gt; string)
			else
				comp = value;
			end
																				-- typically duplicate_char is sepc
			if f.sub(comp, 1, 1) == duplicate_char then							-- is first character same as duplicate_char? why test first character?
																				--   Because individual string segments often (always?) begin with terminal punct for the
																				--   preceding segment: 'First element' .. 'sepc next element' .. etc.?
				trim = false;
				end_chr = f.sub(str, -1, -1);									-- get the last character of the output string
				-- str = str .. &quot;&lt;HERE(enchr=&quot; .. end_chr .. &quot;)&quot;				-- debug stuff?
				if end_chr == duplicate_char then								-- if same as separator
					str = f.sub(str, 1, -2);									-- remove it
				elseif end_chr == &quot;'&quot; then										-- if it might be wiki-markup
					if f.sub(str, -3, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot;''&quot; then		-- if last three chars of str are sepc'' 
						str = f.sub(str, 1, -4) .. &quot;''&quot;;						-- remove them and add back ''
					elseif  f.sub(str, -5, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot;]]''&quot; then	-- if last five chars of str are sepc]]'' 
						trim = true;											-- why? why do this and next differently from previous?
					elseif f.sub(str, -4, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot;]''&quot; then	-- if last four chars of str are sepc]'' 
						trim = true;											-- same question
					end
				elseif end_chr == &quot;]&quot; then										-- if it might be wiki-markup
					if f.sub(str, -3, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot;]]&quot; then		-- if last three chars of str are sepc]] wikilink 
						trim = true;
					elseif f.sub(str, -3, -1) == duplicate_char .. '&quot;]' then	-- if last three chars of str are sepc&quot;] quoted external link 
						trim = true;
					elseif  f.sub(str, -2, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot;]&quot; then	-- if last two chars of str are sepc] external link
						trim = true;
					elseif f.sub(str, -4, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot;'']&quot; then	-- normal case when |url=something &amp; |title=Title.
						trim = true;
					end
				elseif end_chr == &quot; &quot; then										-- if last char of output string is a space
					if f.sub(str, -2, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot; &quot; then			-- if last two chars of str are &lt;sepc&gt;&lt;space&gt;
						str = f.sub(str, 1, -3);								-- remove them both
					end
				end

				if trim then
					if value ~= comp then 										-- value does not equal comp when value contains HTML markup
						local dup2 = duplicate_char;
						if f.match(dup2, &quot;%A&quot; ) then dup2 = &quot;%&quot; .. dup2; end	-- if duplicate_char not a letter then escape it
						
						value = f.gsub(value, &quot;(%b&lt;&gt;)&quot; .. dup2, &quot;%1&quot;, 1 )		-- remove duplicate_char if it follows HTML markup
					else
						value = f.sub(value, 2, -1 );							-- remove duplicate_char when it is first character
					end
				end
			end
			str = str .. value; 												-- add it to the output string
		end
	end
	return str;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ S U F F I X &gt;-----------------------------

returns true if suffix is properly formed Jr, Sr, or ordinal in the range 1–9.
Puncutation not allowed.

]]

local function is_suffix (suffix)
	if utilities.in_array (suffix, {'Jr', 'Sr', 'Jnr', 'Snr', '1st', '2nd', '3rd'}) or suffix:match ('^%dth$') then
		return true;
	end
	return false;
end


--[[--------------------&lt; I S _ G O O D _ V A N C _ N A M E &gt;-------------------

For Vancouver style, author/editor names are supposed to be rendered in Latin
(read ASCII) characters.  When a name uses characters that contain diacritical
marks, those characters are to be converted to the corresponding Latin
character. When a name is written using a non-Latin alphabet or logogram, that
name is to be transliterated into Latin characters. The module doesn't do this
so editors may/must.

This test allows |first= and |last= names to contain any of the letters defined
in the four Unicode Latin character sets
	[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0000.pdf C0 Controls and Basic Latin] 0041–005A, 0061–007A
	[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0080.pdf C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement] 00C0–00D6, 00D8–00F6, 00F8–00FF
	[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0100.pdf Latin Extended-A] 0100–017F
	[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0180.pdf Latin Extended-B] 0180–01BF, 01C4–024F

|lastn= also allowed to contain hyphens, spaces, and apostrophes.
	(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35029/)
|firstn= also allowed to contain hyphens, spaces, apostrophes, and periods

This original test:
	if nil == mw.ustring.find (last, &quot;^[A-Za-zÀ-ÖØ-öø-ƿǄ-ɏ%-%s%']*$&quot;)
	or nil == mw.ustring.find (first, &quot;^[A-Za-zÀ-ÖØ-öø-ƿǄ-ɏ%-%s%'%.]+[2-6%a]*$&quot;) then
was written outside of the code editor and pasted here because the code editor
gets confused between character insertion point and cursor position. The test has
been rewritten to use decimal character escape sequence for the individual bytes
of the Unicode characters so that it is not necessary to use an external editor
to maintain this code.

	\195\128-\195\150 – À-Ö (U+00C0–U+00D6 – C0 controls)
	\195\152-\195\182 – Ø-ö (U+00D8-U+00F6 – C0 controls)
	\195\184-\198\191 – ø-ƿ (U+00F8-U+01BF – C0 controls, Latin extended A &amp; B)
	\199\132-\201\143 – Ǆ-ɏ (U+01C4-U+024F – Latin extended B)

]]

local function is_good_vanc_name (last, first, suffix, position)
	if not suffix then
		if first:find ('[,%s]') then											-- when there is a space or comma, might be first name/initials + generational suffix
			first = first:match ('(.-)[,%s]+');									-- get name/initials
			suffix = first:match ('[,%s]+(.+)$');								-- get generational suffix
		end
	end
	if utilities.is_set (suffix) then
		if not is_suffix (suffix) then
			add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl.suffix, position);
			return false;														-- not a name with an appropriate suffix
		end
	end
	if nil == mw.ustring.find (last, &quot;^[A-Za-z\195\128-\195\150\195\152-\195\182\195\184-\198\191\199\132-\201\143\225\184\128-\225\187\191%-%s%']*$&quot;) or
		nil == mw.ustring.find (first, &quot;^[A-Za-z\195\128-\195\150\195\152-\195\182\195\184-\198\191\199\132-\201\143\225\184\128-\225\187\191%-%s%'%.]*$&quot;) then
			add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl['non-Latin char'], position);
			return false;														-- not a string of Latin characters; Vancouver requires Romanization
	end;
	return true;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; R E D U C E _ T O _ I N I T I A L S &gt;------------------------------------------

Attempts to convert names to initials in support of |name-list-style=vanc.  

Names in |firstn= may be separated by spaces or hyphens, or for initials, a period.
See http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35062/.

Vancouver style requires family rank designations (Jr, II, III, etc.) to be rendered
as Jr, 2nd, 3rd, etc.  See http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35085/.
This code only accepts and understands generational suffix in the Vancouver format
because Roman numerals look like, and can be mistaken for, initials.

This function uses ustring functions because firstname initials may be any of the
Unicode Latin characters accepted by is_good_vanc_name ().

]]

local function reduce_to_initials (first, position)
	if first:find (',', 1, true) then
		return first;															-- commas not allowed; abandon
	end

	local name, suffix = mw.ustring.match (first, &quot;^(%u+) ([%dJS][%drndth]+)$&quot;);

	if not name then															-- if not initials and a suffix
		name = mw.ustring.match (first, &quot;^(%u+)$&quot;);								-- is it just initials?
	end

	if name then																-- if first is initials with or without suffix
		if 3 &gt; mw.ustring.len (name) then										-- if one or two initials
			if suffix then														-- if there is a suffix
				if is_suffix (suffix) then										-- is it legitimate?
					return first;												-- one or two initials and a valid suffix so nothing to do
				else
					add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl.suffix, position);			-- one or two initials with invalid suffix so error message
					return first;												-- and return first unmolested
				end
			else
				return first;													-- one or two initials without suffix; nothing to do
			end
		end
	end																			-- if here then name has 3 or more uppercase letters so treat them as a word

	local initials_t, names_t = {}, {};											-- tables to hold name parts and initials
	local i = 1;																-- counter for number of initials

	names_t = mw.text.split (first, '[%s%-]+');									-- split into a sequence of names and possible suffix

	while names_t[i] do															-- loop through the sequence
		if 1 &lt; i and names_t[i]:match ('[%dJS][%drndth]+%.?$') then				-- if not the first name, and looks like a suffix (may have trailing dot)
			names_t[i] = names_t[i]:gsub ('%.', '');							-- remove terminal dot if present
			if is_suffix (names_t[i]) then										-- if a legitimate suffix
				table.insert (initials_t, ' ' .. names_t[i]);					-- add a separator space, insert at end of initials sequence
				break;															-- and done because suffix must fall at the end of a name
			end																	-- no error message if not a suffix; possibly because of Romanization
		end
		if 3 &gt; i then
			table.insert (initials_t, mw.ustring.sub (names_t[i], 1, 1));		-- insert the initial at end of initials sequence
		end
		i = i + 1;																-- bump the counter
	end
			
	return table.concat (initials_t);											-- Vancouver format does not include spaces.
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I N T E R W I K I _ P R E F I X E N _ G E T &gt;----------------------------------

extract interwiki prefixen from &lt;value&gt;.  Returns two one or two values:
	false – no prefixen
	nil – prefix exists but not recognized
	project prefix, language prefix – when value has either of:
		:&lt;project&gt;:&lt;language&gt;:&lt;article&gt;
		:&lt;language&gt;:&lt;project&gt;:&lt;article&gt;
	project prefix, nil – when &lt;value&gt; has only a known single-letter prefix
	nil, language prefix – when &lt;value&gt; has only a known language prefix

accepts single-letter project prefixen: 'd' (wikidata), 's' (wikisource), and 'w' (wikipedia) prefixes; at this
writing, the other single-letter prefixen (b (wikibook), c (commons), m (meta), n (wikinews), q (wikiquote), and
v (wikiversity)) are not supported.

]]

local function interwiki_prefixen_get (value, is_link)
	if not value:find (':%l+:') then											-- if no prefix
		return false;															-- abandon; boolean here to distinguish from nil fail returns later
	end

	local prefix_patterns_linked_t = {											-- sequence of valid interwiki and inter project prefixen
		'^%[%[:([dsw]):(%l%l+):',												-- wikilinked; project and language prefixes
		'^%[%[:(%l%l+):([dsw]):',												-- wikilinked; language and project prefixes
		'^%[%[:([dsw]):',														-- wikilinked; project prefix
		'^%[%[:(%l%l+):',														-- wikilinked; language prefix
		}
		
	local prefix_patterns_unlinked_t = {										-- sequence of valid interwiki and inter project prefixen
		'^:([dsw]):(%l%l+):',													-- project and language prefixes
		'^:(%l%l+):([dsw]):',													-- language and project prefixes
		'^:([dsw]):',															-- project prefix
		'^:(%l%l+):',															-- language prefix
		}
	
	local cap1, cap2;
	for _, pattern in ipairs ((is_link and prefix_patterns_linked_t) or prefix_patterns_unlinked_t) do
		cap1, cap2 = value:match (pattern);
		if cap1 then
			break;																-- found a match so stop looking
		end
	end
	
	if cap1 and cap2 then														-- when both then :project:language: or :language:project: (both forms allowed)
		if 1 == #cap1 then														-- length == 1 then :project:language:
			if cfg.inter_wiki_map[cap2] then									-- is language prefix in the interwiki map?
				return cap1, cap2;												-- return interwiki project and interwiki language
			end
		else																	-- here when :language:project:
			if cfg.inter_wiki_map[cap1] then									-- is language prefix in the interwiki map?
				return cap2, cap1;												-- return interwiki project and interwiki language
			end
		end
		return nil;																-- unknown interwiki language
	elseif not (cap1 or cap2) then												-- both are nil?
		return nil;																-- we got something that looks like a project prefix but isn't; return fail
	elseif 1 == #cap1 then														-- here when one capture
		return cap1, nil;														-- length is 1 so return project, nil language
	else																		-- here when one capture and its length it more than 1
		if cfg.inter_wiki_map[cap1] then										-- is language prefix in the interwiki map?
			return nil, cap1;													-- return nil project, language
		end
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L I S T _ P E O P L E &gt;--------------------------

Formats a list of people (authors, contributors, editors, interviewers, translators) 

names in the list will be linked when
	|&lt;name&gt;-link= has a value
	|&lt;name&gt;-mask- does NOT have a value; masked names are presumed to have been
		rendered previously so should have been linked there

when |&lt;name&gt;-mask=0, the associated name is not rendered

]]

local function list_people (control, people, etal)
	local sep;
	local namesep;
	local format = control.format;
	local maximum = control.maximum;
	local name_list = {};

	if 'vanc' == format then													-- Vancouver-like name styling?
		sep = cfg.presentation['sep_nl_vanc'];									-- name-list separator between names is a comma
		namesep = cfg.presentation['sep_name_vanc'];							-- last/first separator is a space
	else
		sep = cfg.presentation['sep_nl'];										-- name-list separator between names is a semicolon
		namesep = cfg.presentation['sep_name'];									-- last/first separator is &lt;comma&gt;&lt;space&gt;
	end
	
	if sep:sub (-1, -1) ~= &quot; &quot; then sep = sep .. &quot; &quot; end
	if utilities.is_set (maximum) and maximum &lt; 1 then return &quot;&quot;, 0; end		-- returned 0 is for EditorCount; not used for other names
	
	for i, person in ipairs (people) do
		if utilities.is_set (person.last) then
			local mask = person.mask;
			local one;
			local sep_one = sep;

			if utilities.is_set (maximum) and i &gt; maximum then
				etal = true;
				break;
			end
			
			if mask then
				local n = tonumber (mask);										-- convert to a number if it can be converted; nil else
				if n then
					one = 0 ~= n and string.rep(&quot;&amp;mdash;&quot;, n) or nil;			-- make a string of (n &gt; 0) mdashes, nil else, to replace name
					person.link = nil;											-- don't create link to name if name is replaces with mdash string or has been set nil
				else
					one = mask;													-- replace name with mask text (must include name-list separator)
					sep_one = &quot; &quot;;												-- modify name-list separator
				end
			else
				one = person.last;												-- get surname
				local first = person.first										-- get given name
				if utilities.is_set (first) then
					if (&quot;vanc&quot; == format) then									-- if Vancouver format
						one = one:gsub ('%.', '');								-- remove periods from surnames (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35029/)
						if not person.corporate and is_good_vanc_name (one, first, nil, i) then		-- and name is all Latin characters; corporate authors not tested
							first = reduce_to_initials (first, i);				-- attempt to convert first name(s) to initials
						end
					end
					one = one .. namesep .. first;
				end
			end
			if utilities.is_set (person.link) then
				one = utilities.make_wikilink (person.link, one);				-- link author/editor
			end

			if one then															-- if &lt;one&gt; has a value (name, mdash replacement, or mask text replacement)
				local proj, tag = interwiki_prefixen_get (one, true);			-- get the interwiki prefixen if present

				if 'w' == proj and ('Wikipedia' == mw.site.namespaces.Project['name']) then
					proj = nil;													-- for stuff like :w:de:&lt;article&gt;, :w is unnecessary TODO: maint cat?
				end
				if proj then
					proj = ({['d'] = 'Wikidata', ['s'] = 'Wikisource', ['w'] = 'Wikipedia'})[proj];	-- :w (wikipedia) for linking from a non-wikipedia project
					if proj then 
						one = one .. utilities.wrap_style ('interproj', proj);	-- add resized leading space, brackets, static text, language name
						tag = nil;												-- unset; don't do both project and language
					end
				end
				if tag == cfg.this_wiki_code then
					tag = nil;													-- stuff like :en:&lt;article&gt; at en.wiki is pointless TODO: maint cat?
				end
				if tag then
					local lang = cfg.lang_tag_remap[tag] or cfg.mw_languages_by_tag_t[tag];
					if lang then												-- error messaging done in extract_names() where we know parameter names
						one = one .. utilities.wrap_style ('interwiki', lang);	-- add resized leading space, brackets, static text, language name
					end
				end

				table.insert (name_list, one);									-- add it to the list of names
				table.insert (name_list, sep_one);								-- add the proper name-list separator
			end
		end
	end

	local count = #name_list / 2;												-- (number of names + number of separators) divided by 2
	if 0 &lt; count then 
		if 1 &lt; count and not etal then
			if 'amp' == format then
				name_list[#name_list-2] = &quot; &amp; &quot;;								-- replace last separator with ampersand text
			elseif 'and' == format then
				if 2 == count then
					name_list[#name_list-2] = cfg.presentation.sep_nl_and;		-- replace last separator with 'and' text
				else
					name_list[#name_list-2] = cfg.presentation.sep_nl_end;		-- replace last separator with '(sep) and' text
				end
			end
		end
		name_list[#name_list] = nil;											-- erase the last separator
	end

	local result = table.concat (name_list);									-- construct list
	if etal and utilities.is_set (result) then									-- etal may be set by |display-authors=etal but we might not have a last-first list
		result = result .. sep .. cfg.messages['et al'];						-- we've got a last-first list and etal so add et al.
	end
	
	return result, count;														-- return name-list string and count of number of names (count used for editor names only)
end


--[[--------------------&lt; M A K E _ C I T E R E F _ I D &gt;-----------------------

Generates a CITEREF anchor ID if we have at least one name or a date.  Otherwise
returns an empty string.

namelist is one of the contributor-, author-, or editor-name lists chosen in that
order.  year is Year or anchor_year.

]]

local function make_citeref_id (namelist, year)
	local names={};							-- a table for the one to four names and year
	for i,v in ipairs (namelist) do			-- loop through the list and take up to the first four last names
		names[i] = v.last
		if i == 4 then break end			-- if four then done
	end
	table.insert (names, year);				-- add the year at the end
	local id = table.concat(names);			-- concatenate names and year for CITEREF id
	if utilities.is_set (id) then			-- if concatenation is not an empty string
		return &quot;CITEREF&quot; .. id;				-- add the CITEREF portion
	else
		return '';							-- return an empty string; no reason to include CITEREF id in this citation
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C I T E _ C L A S S _A T T R I B U T E _M A K E &gt;------------------------------

construct &lt;cite&gt; tag class attribute for this citation.

&lt;cite_class&gt; – config.CitationClass from calling template
&lt;mode&gt; – value from |mode= parameter

]]

local function cite_class_attribute_make (cite_class, mode)
	local class_t = {};
	table.insert (class_t, 'citation');											-- required for blue highlight
	if 'citation' ~= cite_class then
		table.insert (class_t, cite_class);										-- identify this template for user css
		table.insert (class_t, utilities.is_set (mode) and mode or 'cs1');		-- identify the citation style for user css or javascript
	else
		table.insert (class_t, utilities.is_set (mode) and mode or 'cs2');		-- identify the citation style for user css or javascript
	end
	for _, prop_key in ipairs (z.prop_keys_t) do
		table.insert (class_t, prop_key);										-- identify various properties for user css or javascript
	end

	return table.concat (class_t, ' ');											-- make a big string and done
end


--[[---------------------&lt; N A M E _ H A S _ E T A L &gt;--------------------------

Evaluates the content of name parameters (author, editor, etc.) for variations on
the theme of et al.  If found, the et al. is removed, a flag is set to true and
the function returns the modified name and the flag.

This function never sets the flag to false but returns its previous state because
it may have been set by previous passes through this function or by the associated
|display-&lt;names&gt;=etal parameter

]]

local function name_has_etal (name, etal, nocat, param)

	if utilities.is_set (name) then												-- name can be nil in which case just return
		local patterns = cfg.et_al_patterns; 									-- get patterns from configuration
		
		for _, pattern in ipairs (patterns) do									-- loop through all of the patterns
			if name:match (pattern) then										-- if this 'et al' pattern is found in name
				name = name:gsub (pattern, '');									-- remove the offending text
				etal = true;													-- set flag (may have been set previously here or by |display-&lt;names&gt;=etal)
				if not nocat then												-- no categorization for |vauthors=
					utilities.set_message ('err_etal', {param});				-- and set an error if not added
				end
			end
		end
	end

	return name, etal;
end


--[[---------------------&lt; N A M E _ I S _ N U M E R I C &gt;----------------------

Add an error message and category when &lt;name&gt; parameter value does not contain letters.  

Add a maintenance category when &lt;name&gt; parameter value has numeric characters mixed with characters that are 
not numeric characters; could be letters and/or punctuation characters.

This function will only emit one error and one maint message for the current template.  Does not emit both error
and maint messages/categories for the same parameter value.

returns nothing

]]

local function name_is_numeric (name, name_alias, list_name)
	local patterns = {
		'^%D+%d',																-- &lt;name&gt; must have digits preceded by other characters
		'^%D*%d+%D+',															-- &lt;name&gt; must have digits followed by other characters
		}

	if not added_numeric_name_errs and mw.ustring.match (name, '^[%A]+$') then	-- if we have not already set an error message and &lt;name&gt; does not have any alpha characters
		utilities.set_message ('err_numeric_names', name_alias);				-- add an error message
		added_numeric_name_errs = true;											-- set the flag so we emit only one error message
		return;																	-- when here no point in further testing; abandon
	end

	if not added_numeric_name_maint then										-- if we have already set a maint message
		for _, pattern in ipairs (patterns) do									-- spin through list of patterns
			if mw.ustring.match (name, pattern) then							-- digits preceded or followed by anything but digits; %D+ includes punctuation
				utilities.set_message ('maint_numeric_names', cfg.special_case_translation [list_name]);	-- add a maint cat for this template
				added_numeric_name_maint = true;								-- set the flag so we emit only one maint message
				return;															-- when here no point in further testing; abandon
			end
		end
	end
end


--[[-----------------&lt; N A M E _ H A S _ M U L T _ N A M E S &gt;------------------

Evaluates the content of last/surname (authors etc.) parameters for multiple names.
Multiple names are indicated if there is more than one comma or any &quot;unescaped&quot;
semicolons. Escaped semicolons are ones used as part of selected HTML entities.
If the condition is met, the function adds the multiple name maintenance category.

Same test for first except that commas should not appear in given names (MOS:JR says
that the generational suffix does not take a separator character).  Titles, degrees,
postnominals, affiliations, all normally comma separated don't belong in a citation.

&lt;name&gt; – name parameter value
&lt;list_name&gt; – AuthorList, EditorList, etc
&lt;limit&gt; – number of allowed commas; 1 (default) for surnames; 0 for given names

returns nothing

]]

local function name_has_mult_names (name, list_name, limit)
	local _, commas, semicolons, nbsps;
	limit = limit and limit or 1;
	if utilities.is_set (name) then
		_, commas = name:gsub (',', '');										-- count the number of commas
		_, semicolons = name:gsub (';', '');									-- count the number of semicolons
		-- nbsps probably should be its own separate count rather than merged in
		-- some way with semicolons because Lua patterns do not support the
		-- grouping operator that regex does, which means there is no way to add
		-- more entities to escape except by adding more counts with the new
		-- entities
		_, nbsps = name:gsub ('&amp;nbsp;','');										-- count nbsps
		
		-- There is exactly 1 semicolon per &amp;nbsp; entity, so subtract nbsps
		-- from semicolons to 'escape' them. If additional entities are added,
		-- they also can be subtracted.
		if limit &lt; commas or 0 &lt; (semicolons - nbsps) then
			utilities.set_message ('maint_mult_names', cfg.special_case_translation [list_name]);	-- add a maint message
		end
	end
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I S _ G E N E R I C &gt;----------------------------------------------------------

Compares values assigned to various parameters according to the string provided as &lt;item&gt; in the function call.
&lt;item&gt; can have on of two values:
	'generic_names' – for name-holding parameters: |last=, |first=, |editor-last=, etc
	'generic_titles' – for |title=

There are two types of generic tests.  The 'accept' tests look for a pattern that should not be rejected by the
'reject' test.  For example,
	|author=[[John Smith (author)|Smith, John]]
would be rejected by the 'author' reject test.  But piped wikilinks with 'author' disambiguation should not be
rejected so the 'accept' test prevents that from happening.  Accept tests are always performed before reject
tests.

Each of the 'accept' and 'reject' sequence tables hold tables for en.wiki (['en']) and local.wiki (['local'])
that each can hold a test sequence table  The sequence table holds, at index [1], a test pattern, and, at index
[2], a boolean control value.  The control value tells string.find() or mw.ustring.find() to do plain-text search (true)
or a pattern search (false).  The intent of all this complexity is to make these searches as fast as possible so
that we don't run out of processing time on very large articles.

Returns
	true when a reject test finds the pattern or string
	false when an accept test finds the pattern or string
	nil else

]=]

local function is_generic (item, value, wiki)
	local test_val;
	local str_lower = {															-- use string.lower() for en.wiki (['en']) and use mw.ustring.lower() or local.wiki (['local'])
		['en'] = string.lower,
		['local'] = mw.ustring.lower,
		}
	local str_find = {															-- use string.find() for en.wiki (['en']) and use mw.ustring.find() or local.wiki (['local'])
		['en'] = string.find,
		['local'] = mw.ustring.find,
		}

	local function test (val, test_t, wiki)										-- local function to do the testing; &lt;wiki&gt; selects lower() and find() functions
		val = test_t[2] and str_lower[wiki](value) or val;						-- when &lt;test_t[2]&gt; set to 'true', plaintext search using lowercase value
		return str_find[wiki] (val, test_t[1], 1, test_t[2]);					-- return nil when not found or matched
	end
		
	local test_types_t = {'accept', 'reject'};									-- test accept patterns first, then reject patterns
	local wikis_t = {'en', 'local'};											-- do tests for each of these keys; en.wiki first, local.wiki second

	for _, test_type in ipairs (test_types_t) do								-- for each test type
		for _, generic_value in pairs (cfg.special_case_translation[item][test_type]) do	-- spin through the list of generic value fragments to accept or reject
			for _, wiki in ipairs (wikis_t) do
				if generic_value[wiki] then
					if test (value, generic_value[wiki], wiki) then				-- go do the test
						return ('reject' == test_type);							-- param value rejected, return true; false else
					end
				end
			end
		end
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; N A M E _ I S _ G E N E R I C &gt;------------------------------------------------

calls is_generic() to determine if &lt;name&gt; is a 'generic name' listed in cfg.generic_names; &lt;name_alias&gt; is the
parameter name used in error messaging

]]

local function name_is_generic (name, name_alias)
	if not added_generic_name_errs  and is_generic ('generic_names', name) then
		utilities.set_message ('err_generic_name', name_alias);					-- set an error message
		added_generic_name_errs = true;
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; N A M E _ C H E C K S &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

This function calls various name checking functions used to validate the content of the various name-holding parameters.

]]

local function name_checks (last, first, list_name, last_alias, first_alias)
	local accept_name;

	if utilities.is_set (last) then
		last, accept_name = utilities.has_accept_as_written (last);				-- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of &lt;last&gt;

		if not accept_name then													-- &lt;last&gt; not wrapped in accept-as-written markup
			name_has_mult_names (last, list_name);								-- check for multiple names in the parameter
			name_is_numeric (last, last_alias, list_name);						-- check for names that have no letters or are a mix of digits and other characters
			name_is_generic (last, last_alias);									-- check for names found in the generic names list
		end
	end

	if utilities.is_set (first) then
		first, accept_name = utilities.has_accept_as_written (first);			-- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of &lt;first&gt;

		if not accept_name then													-- &lt;first&gt; not wrapped in accept-as-written markup
			name_has_mult_names (first, list_name, 0);							-- check for multiple names in the parameter; 0 is number of allowed commas in a given name
			name_is_numeric (first, first_alias, list_name);					-- check for names that have no letters or are a mix of digits and other characters
			name_is_generic (first, first_alias);								-- check for names found in the generic names list
		end
		local wl_type, D = utilities.is_wikilink (first);
		if 0 ~= wl_type then
			first = D;
			utilities.set_message ('err_bad_paramlink', first_alias);
		end
	end

	return last, first;															-- done
end


--[[----------------------&lt; E X T R A C T _ N A M E S &gt;-------------------------

Gets name list from the input arguments

Searches through args in sequential order to find |lastn= and |firstn= parameters
(or their aliases), and their matching link and mask parameters. Stops searching
when both |lastn= and |firstn= are not found in args after two sequential attempts:
found |last1=, |last2=, and |last3= but doesn't find |last4= and |last5= then the
search is done.

This function emits an error message when there is a |firstn= without a matching
|lastn=.  When there are 'holes' in the list of last names, |last1= and |last3=
are present but |last2= is missing, an error message is emitted. |lastn= is not
required to have a matching |firstn=.

When an author or editor parameter contains some form of 'et al.', the 'et al.'
is stripped from the parameter and a flag (etal) returned that will cause list_people()
to add the static 'et al.' text from Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration.  This keeps
'et al.' out of the template's metadata.  When this occurs, an error is emitted.

]]

local function extract_names(args, list_name)
	local names = {};															-- table of names
	local last;																	-- individual name components
	local first;
	local link;
	local mask;
	local i = 1;																-- loop counter/indexer
	local n = 1;																-- output table indexer
	local count = 0;															-- used to count the number of times we haven't found a |last= (or alias for authors, |editor-last or alias for editors)
	local etal = false;															-- return value set to true when we find some form of et al. in an author parameter

	local last_alias, first_alias, link_alias;									-- selected parameter aliases used in error messaging
	while true do
		last, last_alias = utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Last'], 'err_redundant_parameters', i );		-- search through args for name components beginning at 1
		first, first_alias = utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-First'], 'err_redundant_parameters', i );
		link, link_alias = utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Link'], 'err_redundant_parameters', i );
		mask = utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Mask'], 'err_redundant_parameters', i );
	
		if last then															-- error check |lastn= alias for unknown interwiki link prefix; done here because this is where we have the parameter name
			local project, language = interwiki_prefixen_get (last, true);		-- true because we expect interwiki links in |lastn= to be wikilinked
			if nil == project and nil == language then							-- when both are nil
				utilities.set_message ('err_bad_paramlink', last_alias);		-- not known, emit an error message	-- TODO: err_bad_interwiki?
				last = utilities.remove_wiki_link (last);						-- remove wikilink markup; show display value only
			end
		end
		
		if link then															-- error check |linkn= alias for unknown interwiki link prefix
			local project, language = interwiki_prefixen_get (link, false);		-- false because wiki links in |author-linkn= is an error
			if nil == project and nil == language then							-- when both are nil
				utilities.set_message ('err_bad_paramlink', link_alias);		-- not known, emit an error message	-- TODO: err_bad_interwiki?
				link = nil;														-- unset so we don't link
				link_alias = nil;
			end
		end
		
		last, etal = name_has_etal (last, etal, false, last_alias);				-- find and remove variations on et al.
		first, etal = name_has_etal (first, etal, false, first_alias);			-- find and remove variations on et al.
		last, first = name_checks (last, first, list_name, last_alias, first_alias);						-- multiple names, extraneous annotation, etc. checks

		if first and not last then												-- if there is a firstn without a matching lastn
			local alias = first_alias:find ('given', 1, true) and 'given' or 'first';	-- get first or given form of the alias
			utilities.set_message ('err_first_missing_last', {
				first_alias,													-- param name of alias missing its mate
				first_alias:gsub (alias, {['first'] = 'last', ['given'] = 'surname'}),	-- make param name appropriate to the alias form
				});																-- add this error message
		elseif not first and not last then										-- if both firstn and lastn aren't found, are we done?
			count = count + 1;													-- number of times we haven't found last and first
			if 2 &lt;= count then													-- two missing names and we give up
				break;															-- normal exit or there is a two-name hole in the list; can't tell which
			end
		else																	-- we have last with or without a first
			local result;
			link = link_title_ok (link, link_alias, last, last_alias);			-- check for improper wiki-markup

			if first then
				link = link_title_ok (link, link_alias, first, first_alias);	-- check for improper wiki-markup
			end

			names[n] = {last = last, first = first, link = link, mask = mask, corporate = false};	-- add this name to our names list (corporate for |vauthors= only)
			n = n + 1;															-- point to next location in the names table
			if 1 == count then													-- if the previous name was missing
				utilities.set_message ('err_missing_name', {list_name:match (&quot;(%w+)List&quot;):lower(), i - 1});	-- add this error message
			end
			count = 0;															-- reset the counter, we're looking for two consecutive missing names
		end
		i = i + 1;																-- point to next args location
	end
	
	return names, etal;															-- all done, return our list of names and the etal flag
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; N A M E _ T A G _ G E T &gt;------------------------------------------------------

attempt to decode |language=&lt;lang_param&gt; and return language name and matching tag; nil else.

This function looks for:
	&lt;lang_param&gt; as a tag in cfg.lang_tag_remap{}
	&lt;lang_param&gt; as a name in cfg.lang_name_remap{}
	
	&lt;lang_param&gt; as a name in cfg.mw_languages_by_name_t
	&lt;lang_param&gt; as a tag in cfg.mw_languages_by_tag_t
when those fail, presume that &lt;lang_param&gt; is an IETF-like tag that MediaWiki does not recognize.  Strip all
script, region, variant, whatever subtags from &lt;lang_param&gt; to leave just a two or three character language tag
and look for the new &lt;lang_param&gt; in cfg.mw_languages_by_tag_t{}

on success, returns name (in properly capitalized form) and matching tag (in lowercase); on failure returns nil

]]

local function name_tag_get (lang_param)
	local lang_param_lc = mw.ustring.lower (lang_param);						-- use lowercase as an index into the various tables
	local name;
	local tag;

	name = cfg.lang_tag_remap[lang_param_lc];									-- assume &lt;lang_param_lc&gt; is a tag; attempt to get remapped language name 
	if name then																-- when &lt;name&gt;, &lt;lang_param&gt; is a tag for a remapped language name
		if cfg.lang_name_remap[name:lower()][2] ~= lang_param_lc then
			utilities.set_message ('maint_unknown_lang');						-- add maint category if not already added
			return name, cfg.lang_name_remap[name:lower()][2];					-- so return name and tag from lang_name_remap[name]; special case to xlate sr-ec and sr-el to sr-cyrl and sr-latn
		end
		return name, lang_param_lc;												-- so return &lt;name&gt; from remap and &lt;lang_param_lc&gt;
	end

	tag = lang_param_lc:match ('^(%a%a%a?)%-.*');								-- still assuming that &lt;lang_param_lc&gt; is a tag; strip script, region, variant subtags
	name = cfg.lang_tag_remap[tag];												-- attempt to get remapped language name with language subtag only
	if name then																-- when &lt;name&gt;, &lt;tag&gt; is a tag for a remapped language name
		return name, tag;														-- so return &lt;name&gt; from remap and &lt;tag&gt;
	end

	if cfg.lang_name_remap[lang_param_lc] then									-- not a remapped tag, assume &lt;lang_param_lc&gt; is a name; attempt to get remapped language tag 
		return cfg.lang_name_remap[lang_param_lc][1], cfg.lang_name_remap[lang_param_lc][2];	-- for this &lt;lang_param_lc&gt;, return a (possibly) new name and appropriate tag
	end

	name = cfg.mw_languages_by_tag_t[lang_param_lc];							-- assume that &lt;lang_param_lc&gt; is a tag; attempt to get its matching language name
	
	if name then
		return name, lang_param_lc;												-- &lt;lang_param_lc&gt; is a tag so return it and &lt;name&gt;
	end
	
	tag = cfg.mw_languages_by_name_t[lang_param_lc];							-- assume that &lt;lang_param_lc&gt; is a language name; attempt to get its matching tag
	
	if tag then
		return cfg.mw_languages_by_tag_t[tag], tag;								-- &lt;lang_param_lc&gt; is a name so return the name from the table and &lt;tag&gt;
	end

	tag = lang_param_lc:match ('^(%a%a%a?)%-.*');								-- is &lt;lang_param_lc&gt; an IETF-like tag that MediaWiki doesn't recognize? &lt;tag&gt; gets the language subtag; nil else

	if tag then
		name = cfg.mw_languages_by_tag_t[tag];									-- attempt to get a language name using the shortened &lt;tag&gt;
		if name then
			return name, tag;													-- &lt;lang_param_lc&gt; is an unrecognized IETF-like tag so return &lt;name&gt; and language subtag
		end
	end
end


--[[-------------------&lt; L A N G U A G E _ P A R A M E T E R &gt;------------------

Gets language name from a provided two- or three-character ISO 639 code.  If a code
is recognized by MediaWiki, use the returned name; if not, then use the value that
was provided with the language parameter.

When |language= contains a recognized language (either code or name), the page is
assigned to the category for that code: Category:Norwegian-language sources (no).
For valid three-character code languages, the page is assigned to the single category
for '639-2' codes: Category:CS1 ISO 639-2 language sources.

Languages that are the same as the local wiki are not categorized.  MediaWiki does
not recognize three-character equivalents of two-character codes: code 'ar' is
recognized but code 'ara' is not.

This function supports multiple languages in the form |language=nb, French, th
where the language names or codes are separated from each other by commas with
optional space characters.

]]

local function language_parameter (lang)
	local tag;																	-- some form of IETF-like language tag; language subtag with optional region, sript, vatiant, etc subtags
	local lang_subtag;															-- ve populates |language= with mostly unecessary region subtags the MediaWiki does not recognize; this is the base language subtag
	local name;																	-- the language name
	local language_list = {};													-- table of language names to be rendered
	local names_t = {};															-- table made from the value assigned to |language=

	local this_wiki_name = mw.language.fetchLanguageName (cfg.this_wiki_code, cfg.this_wiki_code);	-- get this wiki's language name

	names_t = mw.text.split (lang, '%s*,%s*');									-- names should be a comma separated list

	for _, lang in ipairs (names_t) do											-- reuse lang here because we don't yet know if lang is a language name or a language tag
		name, tag = name_tag_get (lang);										-- attempt to get name/tag pair for &lt;lang&gt;; &lt;name&gt; has proper capitalization; &lt;tag&gt; is lowercase

		if utilities.is_set (tag) then
			lang_subtag = tag:gsub ('^(%a%a%a?)%-.*', '%1');					-- for categorization, strip any IETF-like tags from language tag

			if cfg.this_wiki_code ~= lang_subtag then							-- when the language is not the same as this wiki's language
				if 2 == lang_subtag:len() then									-- and is a two-character tag
					utilities.add_prop_cat ('foreign-lang-source', {name, tag}, lang_subtag);		-- categorize it; tag appended to allow for multiple language categorization
				else															-- or is a recognized language (but has a three-character tag)
					utilities.add_prop_cat ('foreign-lang-source-2', {lang_subtag}, lang_subtag);			-- categorize it differently TODO: support multiple three-character tag categories per cs1|2 template?
				end
			elseif cfg.local_lang_cat_enable then								-- when the language and this wiki's language are the same and categorization is enabled
				utilities.add_prop_cat ('local-lang-source', {name, lang_subtag});		-- categorize it
			end
		else
			name = lang;														-- return whatever &lt;lang&gt; has so that we show something
			utilities.set_message ('maint_unknown_lang');						-- add maint category if not already added
		end
		
		table.insert (language_list, name);
		name = '';																-- so we can reuse it
	end
 
	name = utilities.make_sep_list (#language_list, language_list);
	if (1 == #language_list) and (lang_subtag == cfg.this_wiki_code) then		-- when only one language, find lang name in this wiki lang name; for |language=en-us, 'English' in 'American English'
		return '';																-- if one language and that language is this wiki's return an empty string (no annotation)
	end
	return (&quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('language', name));								-- otherwise wrap with '(in ...)'
	--[[ TODO: should only return blank or name rather than full list
	so we can clean up the bunched parenthetical elements Language, Type, Format
	]]
end


--[[-----------------------&lt; S E T _ C S _ S T Y L E &gt;--------------------------

Gets the default CS style configuration for the given mode.
Returns default separator and either postscript as passed in or the default.
In CS1, the default postscript and separator are '.'.
In CS2, the default postscript is the empty string and the default separator is ','.

]]

local function set_cs_style (postscript, mode)
	if utilities.is_set(postscript) then
		-- emit a maintenance message if user postscript is the default cs1 postscript
		-- we catch the opposite case for cs2 in set_style
		if mode == 'cs1' and postscript == cfg.presentation['ps_' .. mode] then
			utilities.set_message ('maint_postscript');
		end
	else
		postscript = cfg.presentation['ps_' .. mode];
	end
	return cfg.presentation['sep_' .. mode], postscript;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E T _ S T Y L E &gt;-----------------------------

Sets the separator and postscript styles. Checks the |mode= first and the
#invoke CitationClass second. Removes the postscript if postscript == none.

]]

local function set_style (mode, postscript, cite_class)
	local sep;
	if 'cs2' == mode then
		sep, postscript = set_cs_style (postscript, 'cs2');
	elseif 'cs1' == mode then
		sep, postscript = set_cs_style (postscript, 'cs1');
	elseif 'citation' == cite_class	then
		sep, postscript = set_cs_style (postscript, 'cs2');
	else
		sep, postscript = set_cs_style (postscript, 'cs1');
	end

	if cfg.keywords_xlate[postscript:lower()] == 'none' then
		-- emit a maintenance message if user postscript is the default cs2 postscript
		-- we catch the opposite case for cs1 in set_cs_style
		if 'cs2' == mode or ('cs1' ~= mode and 'citation' == cite_class) then	-- {{citation |title=Title |mode=cs1 |postscript=none}} should not emit maint message
			utilities.set_message ('maint_postscript');
		end
		postscript = '';
	end
	
	return sep, postscript
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I S _ P D F &gt;-----------------------------------

Determines if a URL has the file extension that is one of the PDF file extensions
used by [[MediaWiki:Common.css]] when applying the PDF icon to external links.

returns true if file extension is one of the recognized extensions, else false

]=]

local function is_pdf (url)
	return url:match ('%.pdf$') or url:match ('%.PDF$') or
		url:match ('%.pdf[%?#]') or url:match ('%.PDF[%?#]') or
		url:match ('%.PDF&amp;#035') or url:match ('%.pdf&amp;#035');
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S T Y L E _ F O R M A T &gt;-----------------------

Applies CSS style to |format=, |chapter-format=, etc.  Also emits an error message
if the format parameter does not have a matching URL parameter.  If the format parameter
is not set and the URL contains a file extension that is recognized as a PDF document
by MediaWiki's commons.css, this code will set the format parameter to (PDF) with
the appropriate styling.

]]

local function style_format (format, url, fmt_param, url_param)
	if utilities.is_set (format) then
		format = utilities.wrap_style ('format', format);						-- add leading space, parentheses, resize
		if not utilities.is_set (url) then
			utilities.set_message ('err_format_missing_url', {fmt_param, url_param});	-- add an error message
		end
	elseif is_pdf (url) then													-- format is not set so if URL is a PDF file then
		format = utilities.wrap_style ('format', 'PDF');						-- set format to PDF
	else
		format = '';															-- empty string for concatenation
	end
	return format;
end


--[[---------------------&lt; G E T _ D I S P L A Y _ N A M E S &gt;------------------

Returns a number that defines the number of names displayed for author and editor
name lists and a Boolean flag to indicate when et al. should be appended to the name list.

When the value assigned to |display-xxxxors= is a number greater than or equal to zero,
return the number and the previous state of the 'etal' flag (false by default
but may have been set to true if the name list contains some variant of the text 'et al.').

When the value assigned to |display-xxxxors= is the keyword 'etal', return a number
that is one greater than the number of authors in the list and set the 'etal' flag true.
This will cause the list_people() to display all of the names in the name list followed by 'et al.'

In all other cases, returns nil and the previous state of the 'etal' flag.

inputs:
	max: A['DisplayAuthors'] or A['DisplayEditors'], etc; a number or some flavor of etal
	count: #a or #e
	list_name: 'authors' or 'editors'
	etal: author_etal or editor_etal

This function sets an error message when |display-xxxxors= value greater than or equal to number of names but
not when &lt;max&gt; comes from {{cs1 config}} global settings.  When using global settings, &lt;param&gt; is set to the
keyword 'cs1 config' which is used to supress the normal error.  Error is suppressed because it is to be expected
that some citations in an article will have the same or fewer names that the limit specified in {{cs1 config}}.

]]

local function get_display_names (max, count, list_name, etal, param)
	if utilities.is_set (max) then
		if 'etal' == max:lower():gsub(&quot;[ '%.]&quot;, '') then						-- the :gsub() portion makes 'etal' from a variety of 'et al.' spellings and stylings
			max = count + 1;													-- number of authors + 1 so display all author name plus et al.
			etal = true;														-- overrides value set by extract_names()
		elseif max:match ('^%d+$') then											-- if is a string of numbers
			max = tonumber (max);												-- make it a number
			if (max &gt;= count) and ('cs1 config' ~= param) then					-- error when local |display-xxxxors= value greater than or equal to number of names; not an error when using global setting
				utilities.set_message ('err_disp_name', {param, max});			-- add error message
				max = nil;
			end
		else																	-- not a valid keyword or number
			utilities.set_message ('err_disp_name', {param, max});				-- add error message
			max = nil;															-- unset; as if |display-xxxxors= had not been set
		end
	end
	
	return max, etal;
end


--[[----------&lt; E X T R A _ T E X T _ I N _ P A G E _ C H E C K &gt;---------------

Adds error if |page=, |pages=, |quote-page=, |quote-pages= has what appears to be
some form of p. or pp. abbreviation in the first characters of the parameter content.

check page for extraneous p, p., pp, pp., pg, pg. at start of parameter value:
	good pattern: '^P[^%.P%l]' matches when page begins PX or P# but not Px
		      where x and X are letters and # is a digit
	bad pattern:  '^[Pp][PpGg]' matches when page begins pp, pP, Pp, PP, pg, pG, Pg, PG

]]

local function extra_text_in_page_check (val, name)
	if not val:match (cfg.vol_iss_pg_patterns.good_ppattern) then
		for _, pattern in ipairs (cfg.vol_iss_pg_patterns.bad_ppatterns) do		-- spin through the selected sequence table of patterns
			if val:match (pattern) then											-- when a match, error so
				utilities.set_message ('err_extra_text_pages', name);	 		-- add error message
				return;															-- and done
			end
		end
	end		
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X T R A _ T E X T _ I N _ V O L _ I S S _ C H E C K &gt;------------------------

Adds error if |volume= or |issue= has what appears to be some form of redundant 'type' indicator.  Applies to
both; this function looks for issue text in both |issue= and |volume= and looks for volume-like text in |voluem=
and |issue=.

For |volume=:
	'V.', or 'Vol.' (with or without the dot) abbreviations or 'Volume' in the first characters of the parameter
	content (all case insensitive). 'V' and 'v' (without the dot) are presumed to be roman numerals so
	are allowed.

For |issue=:
	'No.', 'I.', 'Iss.' (with or without the dot) abbreviations, or 'Issue' in the first characters of the
	parameter content (all case insensitive); numero styling: 'n°' with degree sign U+00B0, and № precomposed
	numero sign U+2116.
	
Single character values ('v', 'i', 'n') allowed when not followed by separator character ('.', ':', '=', or
whitespace character) – param values are trimmed of whitespace by MediaWiki before delivered to the module.
	
&lt;val&gt; is |volume= or |issue= parameter value
&lt;name&gt; is |volume= or |issue= parameter name for error message
&lt;selector&gt; is 'v' for |volume=, 'i' for |issue=

sets error message on failure; returns nothing

]]

local function extra_text_in_vol_iss_check (val, name, selector)
	if not utilities.is_set (val) then
		return;
	end
	
	local handler = 'v' == selector and 'err_extra_text_volume' or 'err_extra_text_issue';
	val = val:lower();															-- force parameter value to lower case

	for _, pattern in ipairs (cfg.vol_iss_pg_patterns.vi_patterns_t) do			-- spin through the sequence table of patterns
		if val:match (pattern) then												-- when a match, error so
			utilities.set_message (handler, name);								-- add error message
			return;																-- and done
		end
	end
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; G E T _ V _ N A M E _ T A B L E &gt;----------------------------------------------

split apart a |vauthors= or |veditors= parameter.  This function allows for corporate names, wrapped in doubled
parentheses to also have commas; in the old version of the code, the doubled parentheses were included in the
rendered citation and in the metadata.  Individual author names may be wikilinked

	|vauthors=Jones AB, [[E. B. White|White EB]], ((Black, Brown, and Co.))

]=]

local function get_v_name_table (vparam, output_table, output_link_table)
	local name_table = mw.text.split(vparam, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;);						-- names are separated by commas
	local wl_type, label, link;													-- wl_type not used here; just a placeholder
	
	local i = 1;
	
	while name_table[i] do
		if name_table[i]:match ('^%(%(.*[^%)][^%)]$') then						-- first segment of corporate with one or more commas; this segment has the opening doubled parentheses
			local name = name_table[i];
			i = i + 1;															-- bump indexer to next segment
			while name_table[i] do
				name = name .. ', ' .. name_table[i];							-- concatenate with previous segments
				if name_table[i]:match ('^.*%)%)$') then						-- if this table member has the closing doubled parentheses
					break;														-- and done reassembling so
				end
				i = i + 1;														-- bump indexer
			end
			table.insert (output_table, name);									-- and add corporate name to the output table
			table.insert (output_link_table, '');								-- no wikilink
		else
			wl_type, label, link = utilities.is_wikilink (name_table[i]);		-- wl_type is: 0, no wl (text in label variable); 1, [[D]]; 2, [[L|D]]
			table.insert (output_table, label);									-- add this name
			if 1 == wl_type then
				table.insert (output_link_table, label);						-- simple wikilink [[D]]
			else
				table.insert (output_link_table, link);							-- no wikilink or [[L|D]]; add this link if there is one, else empty string
			end
		end
		i = i + 1;
	end	
	return output_table;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; P A R S E _ V A U T H O R S _ V E D I T O R S &gt;--------------------------------

This function extracts author / editor names from |vauthors= or |veditors= and finds matching |xxxxor-maskn= and
|xxxxor-linkn= in args.  It then returns a table of assembled names just as extract_names() does.

Author / editor names in |vauthors= or |veditors= must be in Vancouver system style. Corporate or institutional names
may sometimes be required and because such names will often fail the is_good_vanc_name() and other format compliance
tests, are wrapped in doubled parentheses ((corporate name)) to suppress the format tests.

Supports generational suffixes Jr, 2nd, 3rd, 4th–6th.

This function sets the Vancouver error when a required comma is missing and when there is a space between an author's initials.

]]

local function parse_vauthors_veditors (args, vparam, list_name)
	local names = {};															-- table of names assembled from |vauthors=, |author-maskn=, |author-linkn=
	local v_name_table = {};
	local v_link_table = {};													-- when name is wikilinked, targets go in this table
	local etal = false;															-- return value set to true when we find some form of et al. vauthors parameter
	local last, first, link, mask, suffix;
	local corporate = false;

	vparam, etal = name_has_etal (vparam, etal, true);							-- find and remove variations on et al. do not categorize (do it here because et al. might have a period)
	v_name_table = get_v_name_table (vparam, v_name_table, v_link_table);		-- names are separated by commas

	for i, v_name in ipairs(v_name_table) do
		first = '';																-- set to empty string for concatenation and because it may have been set for previous author/editor
		local accept_name;
		v_name, accept_name = utilities.has_accept_as_written (v_name);			-- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of &lt;v_name&gt;

		if accept_name then
			last = v_name;
			corporate = true;													-- flag used in list_people()
		elseif string.find(v_name, &quot;%s&quot;) then
			if v_name:find('[;%.]') then										-- look for commonly occurring punctuation characters; 
				add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl.punctuation, i);
			end
			local lastfirstTable = {}
			lastfirstTable = mw.text.split(v_name, &quot;%s+&quot;)
			first = table.remove(lastfirstTable);								-- removes and returns value of last element in table which should be initials or generational suffix

			if not mw.ustring.match (first, '^%u+$') then						-- mw.ustring here so that later we will catch non-Latin characters
				suffix = first;													-- not initials so assume that whatever we got is a generational suffix
				first = table.remove(lastfirstTable);							-- get what should be the initials from the table
			end
			last = table.concat(lastfirstTable, ' ')							-- returns a string that is the concatenation of all other names that are not initials and generational suffix
			if not utilities.is_set (last) then
				first = '';														-- unset
				last = v_name;													-- last empty because something wrong with first
				add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl.name, i);
			end
			if mw.ustring.match (last, '%a+%s+%u+%s+%a+') then
				add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl['missing comma'], i);			-- matches last II last; the case when a comma is missing
			end
			if mw.ustring.match (v_name, ' %u %u$') then						-- this test is in the wrong place TODO: move or replace with a more appropriate test
				add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl.initials, i);					-- matches a space between two initials
			end
		else
			last = v_name;														-- last name or single corporate name?  Doesn't support multiword corporate names? do we need this?
		end
		
		if utilities.is_set (first) then
			if not mw.ustring.match (first, &quot;^%u?%u$&quot;) then						-- first shall contain one or two upper-case letters, nothing else
				add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl.initials, i);					-- too many initials; mixed case initials (which may be ok Romanization); hyphenated initials
			end
			is_good_vanc_name (last, first, suffix, i);							-- check first and last before restoring the suffix which may have a non-Latin digit
			if utilities.is_set (suffix) then
				first = first .. ' ' .. suffix;									-- if there was a suffix concatenate with the initials
				suffix = '';													-- unset so we don't add this suffix to all subsequent names
			end
		else
			if not corporate then
				is_good_vanc_name (last, '', nil, i);
			end
		end

		link = utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Link'], 'err_redundant_parameters', i ) or v_link_table[i];
		mask = utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Mask'], 'err_redundant_parameters', i );
		names[i] = {last = last, first = first, link = link, mask = mask, corporate = corporate};		-- add this assembled name to our names list
	end
	return names, etal;															-- all done, return our list of names
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E L E C T _ A U T H O R _ E D I T O R _ S O U R C E &gt;------------------------

Select one of |authors=, |authorn= / |lastn / firstn=, or |vauthors= as the source of the author name list or
select one of |editorn= / editor-lastn= / |editor-firstn= or |veditors= as the source of the editor name list.

Only one of these appropriate three will be used.  The hierarchy is: |authorn= (and aliases) highest and |authors= lowest;
|editorn= (and aliases) highest and |veditors= lowest (support for |editors= withdrawn)

When looking for |authorn= / |editorn= parameters, test |xxxxor1= and |xxxxor2= (and all of their aliases); stops after the second
test which mimicks the test used in extract_names() when looking for a hole in the author name list.  There may be a better
way to do this, I just haven't discovered what that way is.

Emits an error message when more than one xxxxor name source is provided.

In this function, vxxxxors = vauthors or veditors; xxxxors = authors as appropriate.

]]

local function select_author_editor_source (vxxxxors, xxxxors, args, list_name)
	local lastfirst = false;
	if utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Last'], 'none', 1 ) or		-- do this twice in case we have a |first1= without a |last1=; this ...
		utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-First'], 'none', 1 ) or		-- ... also catches the case where |first= is used with |vauthors=
		utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Last'], 'none', 2 ) or
		utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-First'], 'none', 2 ) then
			lastfirst = true;
	end

	if (utilities.is_set (vxxxxors) and true == lastfirst) or					-- these are the three error conditions
		(utilities.is_set (vxxxxors) and utilities.is_set (xxxxors)) or
		(true == lastfirst and utilities.is_set (xxxxors)) then
			local err_name;
			if 'AuthorList' == list_name then									-- figure out which name should be used in error message
				err_name = 'author';
			else
				err_name = 'editor';
			end
			utilities.set_message ('err_redundant_parameters', err_name .. '-name-list parameters');	-- add error message
	end

	if true == lastfirst then return 1 end;										-- return a number indicating which author name source to use
	if utilities.is_set (vxxxxors) then return 2 end;
	if utilities.is_set (xxxxors) then return 3 end;
	return 1;																	-- no authors so return 1; this allows missing author name test to run in case there is a first without last 
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ V A L I D _ P A R A M E T E R _ V A L U E &gt;------------------------------

This function is used to validate a parameter's assigned value for those parameters that have only a limited number
of allowable values (yes, y, true, live, dead, etc.).  When the parameter value has not been assigned a value (missing
or empty in the source template) the function returns the value specified by ret_val.  If the parameter value is one
of the list of allowed values returns the translated value; else, emits an error message and returns the value
specified by ret_val.

TODO: explain &lt;invert&gt;

]]

local function is_valid_parameter_value (value, name, possible, ret_val, invert)
	if not utilities.is_set (value) then
		return ret_val;															-- an empty parameter is ok
	end

	if (not invert and utilities.in_array (value, possible)) then				-- normal; &lt;value&gt; is in &lt;possible&gt; table
		return cfg.keywords_xlate[value];										-- return translation of parameter keyword
	elseif invert and not utilities.in_array (value, possible) then				-- invert; &lt;value&gt; is not in &lt;possible&gt; table
		return value;															-- return &lt;value&gt; as it is
	else
		utilities.set_message ('err_invalid_param_val', {name, value});			-- not an allowed value so add error message
		return ret_val;
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; T E R M I N A T E _ N A M E _ L I S T &gt;----------------------------------------

This function terminates a name list (author, contributor, editor) with a separator character (sepc) and a space
when the last character is not a sepc character or when the last three characters are not sepc followed by two
closing square brackets (close of a wikilink).  When either of these is true, the name_list is terminated with a
single space character.

]]

local function terminate_name_list (name_list, sepc)
	if (string.sub (name_list, -3, -1) == sepc .. '. ') then					-- if already properly terminated
		return name_list;														-- just return the name list
	elseif (string.sub (name_list, -1, -1) == sepc) or (string.sub (name_list, -3, -1) == sepc .. ']]') then	-- if last name in list ends with sepc char
		return name_list .. &quot; &quot;;												-- don't add another
	else
		return name_list .. sepc .. ' ';										-- otherwise terminate the name list
	end
end


--[[-------------------------&lt; F O R M A T _ V O L U M E _ I S S U E &gt;-----------------------------------------

returns the concatenation of the formatted volume and issue (or journal article number) parameters as a single
string; or formatted volume or formatted issue, or an empty string if neither are set.

]]
	
local function format_volume_issue (volume, issue, article, cite_class, origin, sepc, lower)
	if not utilities.is_set (volume) and not utilities.is_set (issue) and not utilities.is_set (article) then
		return '';
	end

	-- same condition as in format_pages_sheets()
	local is_journal = 'journal' == cite_class or (utilities.in_array (cite_class, {'citation', 'map', 'interview'}) and 'journal' == origin);

	local is_numeric_vol = volume and (volume:match ('^[MDCLXVI]+$') or volume:match ('^%d+$'));	-- is only uppercase roman numerals or only digits?
	local is_long_vol = volume and (4 &lt; mw.ustring.len(volume));				-- is |volume= value longer than 4 characters?
	
	if volume and (not is_numeric_vol and is_long_vol) then						-- when not all digits or Roman numerals, is |volume= longer than 4 characters?
		utilities.add_prop_cat ('long-vol');									-- yes, add properties cat
	end

	if is_journal then															-- journal-style formatting
		local vol = '';

		if utilities.is_set (volume) then
			if is_numeric_vol then												-- |volume= value all digits or all uppercase Roman numerals?
				vol = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['vol-bold'], {sepc, volume});	-- render in bold face
			elseif is_long_vol then												-- not all digits or Roman numerals; longer than 4 characters?
				vol = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['j-vol'], {sepc, utilities.hyphen_to_dash (volume)});	-- not bold
			else																-- four or fewer characters
				vol = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['vol-bold'], {sepc, utilities.hyphen_to_dash (volume)});	-- bold
			end
		end
		vol = vol .. (utilities.is_set (issue) and utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['j-issue'], issue) or '')
		vol = vol .. (utilities.is_set (article) and utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['j-article-num'], article) or '')
		return vol;
	end
	
	if 'podcast' == cite_class and utilities.is_set (issue) then
		return wrap_msg ('issue', {sepc, issue}, lower);
	end
	
	if 'conference' == cite_class and utilities.is_set (article) then			-- |article-number= supported only in journal and conference cites
		if utilities.is_set (volume) and utilities.is_set (article) then		-- both volume and article number
			return wrap_msg ('vol-art', {sepc, utilities.hyphen_to_dash (volume), article}, lower);
		elseif utilities.is_set (article) then									-- article number alone; when volume alone, handled below
			return wrap_msg ('art', {sepc, article}, lower);
		end
	end

	-- all other types of citation
	if utilities.is_set (volume) and utilities.is_set (issue) then
		return wrap_msg ('vol-no', {sepc, utilities.hyphen_to_dash (volume), issue}, lower);
	elseif utilities.is_set (volume) then
		return wrap_msg ('vol', {sepc, utilities.hyphen_to_dash (volume)}, lower);
	else
		return wrap_msg ('issue', {sepc, issue}, lower);
	end
end


--[[-------------------------&lt; F O R M A T _ P A G E S _ S H E E T S &gt;-----------------------------------------

adds static text to one of |page(s)= or |sheet(s)= values and returns it with all of the others set to empty strings.
The return order is:
	page, pages, sheet, sheets

Singular has priority over plural when both are provided.

]]

local function format_pages_sheets (page, pages, sheet, sheets, cite_class, origin, sepc, nopp, lower)
	if 'map' == cite_class then													-- only cite map supports sheet(s) as in-source locators
		if utilities.is_set (sheet) then
			if 'journal' == origin then
				return '', '', wrap_msg ('j-sheet', sheet, lower), '';
			else
				return '', '', wrap_msg ('sheet', {sepc, sheet}, lower), '';
			end
		elseif utilities.is_set (sheets) then
			if 'journal' == origin then
				return '', '', '', wrap_msg ('j-sheets', sheets, lower);
			else
				return '', '', '', wrap_msg ('sheets', {sepc, sheets}, lower);
			end
		end
	end

	local is_journal = 'journal' == cite_class or (utilities.in_array (cite_class, {'citation', 'map', 'interview'}) and 'journal' == origin);
	
	if utilities.is_set (page) then
		if is_journal then
			return utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['j-page(s)'], page), '', '', '';
		elseif not nopp then
			return utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['p-prefix'], {sepc, page}), '', '', '';
		else
			return utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['nopp'], {sepc, page}), '', '', '';
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (pages) then
		if is_journal then
			return utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['j-page(s)'], pages), '', '', '';
		elseif tonumber(pages) ~= nil and not nopp then							-- if pages is only digits, assume a single page number
			return '', utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['p-prefix'], {sepc, pages}), '', '';
		elseif not nopp then
			return '', utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['pp-prefix'], {sepc, pages}), '', '';
		else
			return '', utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['nopp'], {sepc, pages}), '', '';
		end
	end
	
	return '', '', '', '';														-- return empty strings
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I N S O U R C E _ L O C _ G E T &gt;----------------------------------------------

returns one of the in-source locators: page, pages, or at. 

If any of these are interwiki links to Wikisource, returns the label portion of the interwiki-link as plain text
for use in COinS.  This COinS thing is done because here we convert an interwiki-link to an external link and
add an icon span around that; get_coins_pages() doesn't know about the span.  TODO: should it?  

TODO: add support for sheet and sheets?; streamline;

TODO: make it so that this function returns only one of the three as the single in-source (the return value assigned
to a new name)?

]]

local function insource_loc_get (page, page_orig, pages, pages_orig, at)
	local ws_url, ws_label, coins_pages, L;										-- for Wikisource interwiki-links; TODO: this corrupts page metadata (span remains in place after cleanup; fix there?)

	if utilities.is_set (page) then
		if utilities.is_set (pages) or utilities.is_set (at) then
			pages = '';															-- unset the others
			at = '';
		end
		extra_text_in_page_check (page, page_orig);								-- emit error message when |page= value begins with what looks like p., pp., etc.

		ws_url, ws_label, L = wikisource_url_make (page);						-- make ws URL from |page= interwiki link; link portion L becomes tooltip label
		if ws_url then
			page = external_link (ws_url, ws_label .. '&amp;nbsp;', 'ws link in page');	-- space char after label to move icon away from in-source text; TODO: a better way to do this?
			page = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['interwiki-icon'], {cfg.presentation['class-wikisource'], L, page});
			coins_pages = ws_label;
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (pages) then
		if utilities.is_set (at) then
			at = '';															-- unset
		end
		extra_text_in_page_check (pages, pages_orig);							-- emit error message when |page= value begins with what looks like p., pp., etc.

		ws_url, ws_label, L = wikisource_url_make (pages);						-- make ws URL from |pages= interwiki link; link portion L becomes tooltip label
		if ws_url then
			pages = external_link (ws_url, ws_label .. '&amp;nbsp;', 'ws link in pages');	-- space char after label to move icon away from in-source text; TODO: a better way to do this?
			pages = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['interwiki-icon'], {cfg.presentation['class-wikisource'], L, pages});
			coins_pages = ws_label;
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (at) then
		ws_url, ws_label, L = wikisource_url_make (at);							-- make ws URL from |at= interwiki link; link portion L becomes tooltip label
		if ws_url then
			at = external_link (ws_url, ws_label .. '&amp;nbsp;', 'ws link in at');	-- space char after label to move icon away from in-source text; TODO: a better way to do this?
			at = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['interwiki-icon'], {cfg.presentation['class-wikisource'], L, at});
			coins_pages = ws_label;
		end
	end
	
	return page, pages, at, coins_pages;
end

--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ U N I Q U E _ A R C H I V E _ U R L &gt;------------------------------------

add error message when |archive-url= value is same as |url= or chapter-url= (or alias...) value

]]

local function is_unique_archive_url (archive, url, c_url, source, date)
	if utilities.is_set (archive) then
		if archive == url or archive == c_url then
			utilities.set_message ('err_bad_url', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', source)});	-- add error message
			return '', '';														-- unset |archive-url= and |archive-date= because same as |url= or |chapter-url=
		end
	end

	return archive, date;
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; A R C H I V E _ U R L _ C H E C K &gt;--------------------------------------------

Check archive.org URLs to make sure they at least look like they are pointing at valid archives and not to the 
save snapshot URL or to calendar pages.  When the archive URL is 'https://web.archive.org/save/' (or http://...)
archive.org saves a snapshot of the target page in the URL.  That is something that Wikipedia should not allow
unwitting readers to do.

When the archive.org URL does not have a complete timestamp, archive.org chooses a snapshot according to its own
algorithm or provides a calendar 'search' result.  [[WP:ELNO]] discourages links to search results.

This function looks at the value assigned to |archive-url= and returns empty strings for |archive-url= and
|archive-date= and an error message when:
	|archive-url= holds an archive.org save command URL
	|archive-url= is an archive.org URL that does not have a complete timestamp (YYYYMMDDhhmmss 14 digits) in the
		correct place
otherwise returns |archive-url= and |archive-date=

There are two mostly compatible archive.org URLs:
	//web.archive.org/&lt;timestamp&gt;...		-- the old form
	//web.archive.org/web/&lt;timestamp&gt;...	-- the new form

The old form does not support or map to the new form when it contains a display flag.  There are four identified flags
('id_', 'js_', 'cs_', 'im_') but since archive.org ignores others following the same form (two letters and an underscore)
we don't check for these specific flags but we do check the form.

This function supports a preview mode.  When the article is rendered in preview mode, this function may return a modified
archive URL:
	for save command errors, return undated wildcard (/*/)
	for timestamp errors when the timestamp has a wildcard, return the URL unmodified
	for timestamp errors when the timestamp does not have a wildcard, return with timestamp limited to six digits plus wildcard (/yyyymm*/)

A secondary function is to return an archive-url timestamp from those urls that have them (archive.org and
archive.today).  The timestamp is used by validation.archive_date_check() to see if the value in |archive-date=
matches the timestamp in the archive url.

]=]

local function archive_url_check (url, date)
	local err_msg = '';															-- start with the error message empty
	local path, timestamp, flag;												-- portions of the archive.org URL
	
	timestamp = url:match ('//archive.today/(%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d)/') or	-- get timestamp from archive.today urls
		url:match ('//archive.today/(%d%d%d%d%.%d%d%.%d%d%-%d%d%d%d%d%d)/');		-- this timestamp needs cleanup
	if timestamp then															-- if this was an archive.today url ...
		return url, date, timestamp:gsub ('[%.%-]', '');						-- return ArchiveURL, ArchiveDate, and timestamp (dots and dashes removed) from |archive-url=, and done
	end
																				-- here for archive.org urls
	if (not url:match('//web%.archive%.org/')) and (not url:match('//liveweb%.archive%.org/')) then		-- also deprecated liveweb Wayback machine URL
		return url, date;														-- not an archive.org archive, return ArchiveURL and ArchiveDate
	end

	if url:match('//web%.archive%.org/save/') then								-- if a save command URL, we don't want to allow saving of the target page 
		err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.save;
		url = url:gsub ('(//web%.archive%.org)/save/', '%1/*/', 1);				-- for preview mode: modify ArchiveURL
	elseif url:match('//liveweb%.archive%.org/') then
		err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.liveweb;
	else
		path, timestamp, flag = url:match('//web%.archive%.org/([^%d]*)(%d+)([^/]*)/');	-- split out some of the URL parts for evaluation
		if not path then														-- malformed in some way; pattern did not match
			err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.timestamp;
		elseif 14 ~= timestamp:len() then										-- path and flag optional, must have 14-digit timestamp here
			err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.timestamp;
			if '*' ~= flag then
				local replacement = timestamp:match ('^%d%d%d%d%d%d') or timestamp:match ('^%d%d%d%d');	-- get the first 6 (YYYYMM) or first 4 digits (YYYY)
				if replacement then												-- nil if there aren't at least 4 digits (year)
					replacement = replacement .. string.rep ('0', 14 - replacement:len());	-- year or yearmo (4 or 6 digits) zero-fill to make 14-digit timestamp
					url=url:gsub ('(//web%.archive%.org/[^%d]*)%d[^/]*', '%1' .. replacement .. '*', 1)	-- for preview, modify ts to 14 digits plus splat for calendar display
				end
			end
		elseif utilities.is_set (path) and 'web/' ~= path then					-- older archive URLs do not have the extra 'web/' path element
			err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.path;
		elseif utilities.is_set (flag) and not utilities.is_set (path) then		-- flag not allowed with the old form URL (without the 'web/' path element)
			err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.flag;
		elseif utilities.is_set (flag) and not flag:match ('%a%a_') then		-- flag if present must be two alpha characters and underscore (requires 'web/' path element)
			err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.flag;
		else
			return url, date, timestamp;										-- return ArchiveURL, ArchiveDate, and timestamp from |archive-url=
		end
	end
																				-- if here, something not right so
	utilities.set_message ('err_archive_url', {err_msg});						-- add error message and

	if is_preview_mode then
		return url, date, timestamp;											-- preview mode so return ArchiveURL, ArchiveDate, and timestamp from |archive-url=
	else
		return '', '';															-- return empty strings for ArchiveURL and ArchiveDate
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; P L A C E _ C H E C K &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

check |place=, |publication-place=, |location= to see if these params include digits.  This function added because
many editors misuse location to specify the in-source location (|page(s)= and |at= are supposed to do that)

returns the original parameter value without modification; added maint cat when parameter value contains digits

]]

local function place_check (param_val)
	if not utilities.is_set (param_val) then									-- parameter empty or omitted
		return param_val;														-- return that empty state
	end
	
	if mw.ustring.find (param_val, '%d') then									-- not empty, are there digits in the parameter value
		utilities.set_message ('maint_location');								-- yep, add maint cat
	end
	
	return param_val;															-- and done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ A R C H I V E D _ C O P Y &gt;----------------------------------------------

compares |title= to 'Archived copy' (placeholder added by bots that can't find proper title); if matches, return true; nil else

]]

local function is_archived_copy (title)
	title = mw.ustring.lower(title);											-- switch title to lower case
	if title:find (cfg.special_case_translation.archived_copy.en) then			-- if title is 'Archived copy'
		return true;
	elseif cfg.special_case_translation.archived_copy['local'] then
		if mw.ustring.find (title, cfg.special_case_translation.archived_copy['local']) then	-- mw.ustring() because might not be Latin script
			return true;
		end
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; D I S P L A Y _ N A M E S _ S E L E C T &gt;--------------------------------------

for any of the |display-authors=, |display-editors=, etc parameters, select either the local or global setting.
When both are present, look at &lt;local_display_names&gt; value.  When the value is some sort of 'et al.'string,
special handling is required.

When {{cs1 config}} has |display-&lt;namelist&gt;= AND this template has |display-&lt;namelist&gt;=etal AND:
	the number of names specified by &lt;number_of_names&gt; is:
		greater than the number specified in the global |display-&lt;namelist&gt;= parameter (&lt;global_display_names&gt;)
			use global |display-&lt;namelist&gt;= parameter value
			set overridden maint category
		less than or equal to the number specified in the global |display-&lt;namelist&gt;=  parameter
			use local |display-&lt;namelist&gt;= parameter value

The purpose of this function is to prevent categorizing a template that has fewer names than the global setting
to keep the etal annotation specified by &lt;local_display_names&gt;.

]]

local function display_names_select (global_display_names, local_display_names, param_name, number_of_names, test)
	if global_display_names and utilities.is_set (local_display_names) then		-- when both
		if 'etal' == local_display_names:lower():gsub(&quot;[ '%.]&quot;, '') then		-- the :gsub() portion makes 'etal' from a variety of 'et al.' spellings and stylings
			number_of_names = tonumber (number_of_names);						-- convert these to numbers for comparison
			local global_display_names_num = tonumber (global_display_names);	-- &lt;global_display_names&gt; not set when parameter value is not digits

			if number_of_names &gt; global_display_names_num then					-- template has more names than global config allows to be displayed?
				utilities.set_message ('maint_overridden_setting');				-- set a maint message because global is overriding local |display-&lt;namelist&gt;=etal
				return global_display_names, 'cs1 config';						-- return global with spoof parameter name (for get_display_names())
			else
				return local_display_names, param_name;							-- return local because fewer names so let &lt;local_display_names&gt; control
			end
		end
																				-- here when &lt;global_display_names&gt; and &lt;local_display_names&gt; both numbers; &lt;global_display_names&gt; controls
		utilities.set_message ('maint_overridden_setting');						-- set a maint message
		return global_display_names, 'cs1 config';								-- return global with spoof parameter name (for get_display_names())
	end
																				-- here when only one of &lt;global_display_names&gt; or &lt;local_display_names&gt; set
	if global_display_names then
		return global_display_names, 'cs1 config';								-- return global with spoof parameter name (for get_display_names())
	else
		return local_display_names, param_name;									-- return local
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C I T A T I O N 0 &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

This is the main function doing the majority of the citation formatting.

]]

local function citation0( config, args )
	--[[ 
	Load Input Parameters
	The argument_wrapper facilitates the mapping of multiple aliases to single internal variable.
	]]
	local A = argument_wrapper ( args );
	local i 

	-- Pick out the relevant fields from the arguments.  Different citation templates
	-- define different field names for the same underlying things.	

	local author_etal;
	local a	= {};																-- authors list from |lastn= / |firstn= pairs or |vauthors=
	local Authors;
	local NameListStyle;
		if cfg.global_cs1_config_t['NameListStyle'] then						-- global setting in {{cs1 config}} overrides local |name-list-style= parameter value; nil when empty or assigned value invalid
			NameListStyle = is_valid_parameter_value (cfg.global_cs1_config_t['NameListStyle'], 'cs1 config: name-list-style', cfg.keywords_lists['name-list-style'], '');	-- error messaging 'param' here is a hoax
		else
			NameListStyle = is_valid_parameter_value (A['NameListStyle'], A:ORIGIN('NameListStyle'), cfg.keywords_lists['name-list-style'], '');
		end

		if cfg.global_cs1_config_t['NameListStyle'] and utilities.is_set (A['NameListStyle']) then	-- when template has |name-list-style=&lt;something&gt; which global setting has overridden
			utilities.set_message ('maint_overridden_setting');					-- set a maint message
		end

	local Collaboration = A['Collaboration'];

	do																			-- to limit scope of selected
		local selected = select_author_editor_source (A['Vauthors'], A['Authors'], args, 'AuthorList');
		if 1 == selected then
			a, author_etal = extract_names (args, 'AuthorList');				-- fetch author list from |authorn= / |lastn= / |firstn=, |author-linkn=, and |author-maskn=
		elseif 2 == selected then
			NameListStyle = 'vanc';												-- override whatever |name-list-style= might be
			a, author_etal = parse_vauthors_veditors (args, A['Vauthors'], 'AuthorList');	-- fetch author list from |vauthors=, |author-linkn=, and |author-maskn=
		elseif 3 == selected then
			Authors = A['Authors'];												-- use content of |people= or |credits=; |authors= is deprecated; TODO: constrain |people= and |credits= to cite av media, episode, serial?
		end
		if utilities.is_set (Collaboration) then
			author_etal = true;													-- so that |display-authors=etal not required
		end
	end

	local editor_etal;
	local e	= {};																-- editors list from |editor-lastn= / |editor-firstn= pairs or |veditors=

	do																			-- to limit scope of selected
		local selected = select_author_editor_source (A['Veditors'], nil, args, 'EditorList');	-- support for |editors= withdrawn
		if 1 == selected then
			e, editor_etal = extract_names (args, 'EditorList');				-- fetch editor list from |editorn= / |editor-lastn= / |editor-firstn=, |editor-linkn=, and |editor-maskn=
		elseif 2 == selected then
			NameListStyle = 'vanc';												-- override whatever |name-list-style= might be
			e, editor_etal = parse_vauthors_veditors (args, args.veditors, 'EditorList');	-- fetch editor list from |veditors=, |editor-linkn=, and |editor-maskn=
		end
	end
							
	local Chapter = A['Chapter'];												-- done here so that we have access to |contribution= from |chapter= aliases
	local Chapter_origin = A:ORIGIN ('Chapter');
	local Contribution;															-- because contribution is required for contributor(s)
		if 'contribution' == Chapter_origin then
			Contribution = Chapter;												-- get the name of the contribution
		end
	local c = {};																-- contributors list from |contributor-lastn= / contributor-firstn= pairs
	
	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {&quot;book&quot;, &quot;citation&quot;}) and not utilities.is_set (A['Periodical']) then	-- |contributor= and |contribution= only supported in book cites
		c = extract_names (args, 'ContributorList');							-- fetch contributor list from |contributorn= / |contributor-lastn=, -firstn=, -linkn=, -maskn=
		
		if 0 &lt; #c then
			if not utilities.is_set (Contribution) then							-- |contributor= requires |contribution=
				utilities.set_message ('err_contributor_missing_required_param', 'contribution');	-- add missing contribution error message
				c = {};															-- blank the contributors' table; it is used as a flag later
			end
			if 0 == #a then														-- |contributor= requires |author=
				utilities.set_message ('err_contributor_missing_required_param', 'author');	-- add missing author error message
				c = {};															-- blank the contributors' table; it is used as a flag later
			end
		end
	else																		-- if not a book cite
		if utilities.select_one (args, cfg.aliases['ContributorList-Last'], 'err_redundant_parameters', 1 ) then	-- are there contributor name list parameters?
			utilities.set_message ('err_contributor_ignored');					-- add contributor ignored error message
		end
		Contribution = nil;														-- unset
	end

	local Title = A['Title'];
	local TitleLink = A['TitleLink'];

	local auto_select = '';														-- default is auto
	local accept_link;
	TitleLink, accept_link = utilities.has_accept_as_written (TitleLink, true);	-- test for accept-this-as-written markup
	if (not accept_link) and utilities.in_array (TitleLink, {'none', 'pmc', 'doi'}) then -- check for special keywords
		auto_select = TitleLink;												-- remember selection for later
		TitleLink = '';															-- treat as if |title-link= would have been empty
	end

	TitleLink = link_title_ok (TitleLink, A:ORIGIN ('TitleLink'), Title, 'title');	-- check for wiki-markup in |title-link= or wiki-markup in |title= when |title-link= is set

	local Section = '';															-- {{cite map}} only; preset to empty string for concatenation if not used
	if 'map' == config.CitationClass and 'section' == Chapter_origin then
		Section = A['Chapter'];													-- get |section= from |chapter= alias list; |chapter= and the other aliases not supported in {{cite map}}
		Chapter = '';															-- unset for now; will be reset later from |map= if present
	end

	local Periodical = A['Periodical'];
	local Periodical_origin = A:ORIGIN('Periodical');
	local ScriptPeriodical = A['ScriptPeriodical'];
	local ScriptPeriodical_origin = A:ORIGIN('ScriptPeriodical');
	local TransPeriodical =  A['TransPeriodical'];
	local TransPeriodical_origin =  A:ORIGIN ('TransPeriodical');
	
	if (utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'book', 'encyclopaedia'}) and (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical) or utilities.is_set (TransPeriodical))) then
		local param;
		if utilities.is_set (Periodical) then									-- get a parameter name from one of these periodical related meta-parameters
			Periodical = '';													-- unset because not valid {{cite book}} or {{cite encyclopedia}} parameters 
			param = Periodical_origin											-- get parameter name for error messaging
		elseif utilities.is_set (TransPeriodical) then
			TransPeriodical = '';												-- unset because not valid {{cite book}} or {{cite encyclopedia}} parameters 
			param = TransPeriodical_origin;										-- get parameter name for error messaging
		elseif utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical) then
			ScriptPeriodical = '';												-- unset because not valid {{cite book}} or {{cite encyclopedia}} parameters 
			param = ScriptPeriodical_origin;									-- get parameter name for error messaging
		end

		if utilities.is_set (param) then										-- if we found one
			utilities.set_message ('err_periodical_ignored', {param});			-- emit an error message
		end
	end

	if utilities.is_set (Periodical) then
		local i;
		Periodical, i = utilities.strip_apostrophe_markup (Periodical);			-- strip apostrophe markup so that metadata isn't contaminated 
		if i then																-- non-zero when markup was stripped so emit an error message
			utilities.set_message ('err_apostrophe_markup', {Periodical_origin});
		end
	end

	if 'mailinglist' == config.CitationClass then								-- special case for {{cite mailing list}}
		if utilities.is_set (Periodical) and utilities.is_set (A ['MailingList']) then	-- both set emit an error TODO: make a function for this and similar?
			utilities.set_message ('err_redundant_parameters', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', Periodical_origin) .. cfg.presentation['sep_list_pair'] .. utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'mailinglist')});
		end

		Periodical = A ['MailingList'];											-- error or no, set Periodical to |mailinglist= value because this template is {{cite mailing list}}
		Periodical_origin = A:ORIGIN('MailingList');
	end

	-- web and news not tested for now because of 
	-- Wikipedia:Administrators%27_noticeboard#Is_there_a_semi-automated_tool_that_could_fix_these_annoying_&quot;Cite_Web&quot;_errors?
	if not (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical)) then	-- 'periodical' templates require periodical parameter
	--	local p = {['journal'] = 'journal', ['magazine'] = 'magazine', ['news'] = 'newspaper', ['web'] = 'website'};	-- for error message
		local p = {['journal'] = 'journal', ['magazine'] = 'magazine'};			-- for error message
		if p[config.CitationClass]  then
			utilities.set_message ('err_missing_periodical', {config.CitationClass, p[config.CitationClass]});
		end
	end
	
	local Volume;
	if 'citation' == config.CitationClass then
		if utilities.is_set (Periodical) then
			if not utilities.in_array (Periodical_origin, cfg.citation_no_volume_t) then	-- {{citation}} does not render |volume= when these parameters are used
				Volume = A['Volume'];											-- but does for all other 'periodicals'
			end
		elseif utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical) then
			if 'script-website' ~= ScriptPeriodical_origin then					-- {{citation}} does not render volume for |script-website=
				Volume = A['Volume'];											-- but does for all other 'periodicals'
			end
		else
			Volume = A['Volume'];												-- and does for non-'periodical' cites
		end
	elseif utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, cfg.templates_using_volume) then	-- render |volume= for cs1 according to the configuration settings
		Volume = A['Volume'];
	end	
	extra_text_in_vol_iss_check (Volume, A:ORIGIN ('Volume'), 'v');	

	local Issue;
	if 'citation' == config.CitationClass then
		if utilities.is_set (Periodical) and utilities.in_array (Periodical_origin, cfg.citation_issue_t) then	-- {{citation}} may render |issue= when these parameters are used
			Issue = utilities.hyphen_to_dash (A['Issue']);
		end
	elseif utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, cfg.templates_using_issue) then	-- conference &amp; map books do not support issue; {{citation}} listed here because included in settings table
		if not (utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'conference', 'map', 'citation'}) and not (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical))) then
			Issue = utilities.hyphen_to_dash (A['Issue']);
		end
	end
	
	local ArticleNumber;

	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'journal', 'conference'}) or ('citation' == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Periodical) and 'journal' == Periodical_origin) then
		ArticleNumber = A['ArticleNumber'];
	end

	extra_text_in_vol_iss_check (Issue, A:ORIGIN ('Issue'), 'i');	

	local Page;
	local Pages;
	local At;
	local QuotePage;
	local QuotePages;
	if not utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, cfg.templates_not_using_page) then		-- TODO: rewrite to emit ignored parameter error message?
		Page = A['Page'];
		Pages = utilities.hyphen_to_dash (A['Pages']);	
		At = A['At'];
		QuotePage = A['QuotePage'];
		QuotePages = utilities.hyphen_to_dash (A['QuotePages']);
	end

	local Edition = A['Edition'];
	local PublicationPlace = place_check (A['PublicationPlace'], A:ORIGIN('PublicationPlace'));
	local Place = place_check (A['Place'], A:ORIGIN('Place'));
	
	local PublisherName = A['PublisherName'];
	local PublisherName_origin = A:ORIGIN('PublisherName');
	if utilities.is_set (PublisherName) and (cfg.keywords_xlate['none'] ~= PublisherName) then
		local i = 0;
		PublisherName, i = utilities.strip_apostrophe_markup (PublisherName);	-- strip apostrophe markup so that metadata isn't contaminated; publisher is never italicized
		if i and (0 &lt; i) then													-- non-zero when markup was stripped so emit an error message
			utilities.set_message ('err_apostrophe_markup', {PublisherName_origin});
		end
	end
	
	if ('document' == config.CitationClass) and not utilities.is_set (PublisherName) then
		utilities.set_message ('err_missing_publisher', {config.CitationClass, 'publisher'});
	end

	local Newsgroup = A['Newsgroup'];											-- TODO: strip apostrophe markup?
	local Newsgroup_origin = A:ORIGIN('Newsgroup');	

	if 'newsgroup' == config.CitationClass then
		if utilities.is_set (PublisherName) and (cfg.keywords_xlate['none'] ~= PublisherName) then	-- general use parameter |publisher= not allowed in cite newsgroup
			utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored', {PublisherName_origin});
		end

		PublisherName = nil;													-- ensure that this parameter is unset for the time being; will be used again after COinS
	end

	local URL = A['URL'];														-- TODO: better way to do this for URL, ChapterURL, and MapURL?
	local UrlAccess = is_valid_parameter_value (A['UrlAccess'], A:ORIGIN('UrlAccess'), cfg.keywords_lists['url-access'], nil);
	
	if not utilities.is_set (URL) and utilities.is_set (UrlAccess) then
		UrlAccess = nil;
		utilities.set_message ('err_param_access_requires_param', 'url');
	end
	
	local ChapterURL = A['ChapterURL'];
	local ChapterUrlAccess = is_valid_parameter_value (A['ChapterUrlAccess'], A:ORIGIN('ChapterUrlAccess'), cfg.keywords_lists['url-access'], nil);
	if not utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) and utilities.is_set (ChapterUrlAccess) then
		ChapterUrlAccess = nil;
		utilities.set_message ('err_param_access_requires_param', {A:ORIGIN('ChapterUrlAccess'):gsub ('%-access', '')});
	end

	local MapUrlAccess = is_valid_parameter_value (A['MapUrlAccess'], A:ORIGIN('MapUrlAccess'), cfg.keywords_lists['url-access'], nil);
	if not utilities.is_set (A['MapURL']) and utilities.is_set (MapUrlAccess) then
		MapUrlAccess = nil;
		utilities.set_message ('err_param_access_requires_param', {'map-url'});
	end

	local this_page = mw.title.getCurrentTitle();								-- also used for COinS and for language
	local no_tracking_cats = is_valid_parameter_value (A['NoTracking'], A:ORIGIN('NoTracking'), cfg.keywords_lists['yes_true_y'], nil);

	-- check this page to see if it is in one of the namespaces that cs1 is not supposed to add to the error categories
	if not utilities.is_set (no_tracking_cats) then								-- ignore if we are already not going to categorize this page
		if cfg.uncategorized_namespaces[this_page.namespace] then				-- is this page's namespace id one of the uncategorized namespace ids?
			no_tracking_cats = &quot;true&quot;;											-- set no_tracking_cats
		end
		for _, v in ipairs (cfg.uncategorized_subpages) do						-- cycle through page name patterns
			if this_page.text:match (v) then									-- test page name against each pattern
				no_tracking_cats = &quot;true&quot;;										-- set no_tracking_cats
				break;															-- bail out if one is found
			end
		end
	end
																				-- check for extra |page=, |pages= or |at= parameters. (also sheet and sheets while we're at it)
	utilities.select_one (args, {'page', 'p', 'pp', 'pages', 'at', 'sheet', 'sheets'}, 'err_redundant_parameters');	-- this is a dummy call simply to get the error message and category

	local coins_pages;
	
	Page, Pages, At, coins_pages = insource_loc_get (Page, A:ORIGIN('Page'), Pages, A:ORIGIN('Pages'), At);

	local NoPP = is_valid_parameter_value (A['NoPP'], A:ORIGIN('NoPP'), cfg.keywords_lists['yes_true_y'], nil);

	if utilities.is_set (PublicationPlace) and utilities.is_set (Place) then	-- both |publication-place= and |place= (|location=) allowed if different
		utilities.add_prop_cat ('location-test');								-- add property cat to evaluate how often PublicationPlace and Place are used together
		if PublicationPlace == Place then
			Place = '';															-- unset; don't need both if they are the same
		end
	elseif not utilities.is_set (PublicationPlace) and utilities.is_set (Place) then	-- when only |place= (|location=) is set ...
		PublicationPlace = Place;												-- promote |place= (|location=) to |publication-place
	end

	if PublicationPlace == Place then Place = ''; end							-- don't need both if they are the same

	local URL_origin = A:ORIGIN('URL');											-- get name of parameter that holds URL
	local ChapterURL_origin = A:ORIGIN('ChapterURL');							-- get name of parameter that holds ChapterURL
	local ScriptChapter = A['ScriptChapter'];
	local ScriptChapter_origin = A:ORIGIN ('ScriptChapter');
	local Format = A['Format'];
	local ChapterFormat = A['ChapterFormat'];
	local TransChapter = A['TransChapter'];
	local TransChapter_origin = A:ORIGIN ('TransChapter');
	local TransTitle = A['TransTitle'];
	local ScriptTitle = A['ScriptTitle'];
	
	--[[
	Parameter remapping for cite encyclopedia:
	When the citation has these parameters:
		|encyclopedia= and |title= then map |title= to |article= and |encyclopedia= to |title= for rendering
		|encyclopedia= and |article= then map |encyclopedia= to |title= for rendering

		|trans-title= maps to |trans-chapter= when |title= is re-mapped
		|url= maps to |chapter-url= when |title= is remapped
	
	All other combinations of |encyclopedia=, |title=, and |article= are not modified
	
	]]

	local Encyclopedia = A['Encyclopedia'];										-- used as a flag by this module and by ~/COinS
	local ScriptEncyclopedia = A['ScriptEncyclopedia'];
	local TransEncyclopedia = A['TransEncyclopedia'];

	if utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia) or utilities.is_set (ScriptEncyclopedia) then	-- emit error message when Encyclopedia set but template is other than {{cite encyclopedia}} or {{citation}}
		if 'encyclopaedia' ~= config.CitationClass and 'citation' ~= config.CitationClass then
			if utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia) then
				utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored', {A:ORIGIN ('Encyclopedia')});
			else
				utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored', {A:ORIGIN ('ScriptEncyclopedia')});
			end
			Encyclopedia = nil;													-- unset these because not supported by this template
			ScriptEncyclopedia = nil;
			TransEncyclopedia = nil;
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (TransEncyclopedia) then
		utilities.set_message ('err_trans_missing_title', {'encyclopedia'});
	end

	if ('encyclopaedia' == config.CitationClass) or ('citation' == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia)) then
		if utilities.is_set (Periodical) and utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia) then	-- when both parameters set emit an error message; {{citation}} only; Periodical not allowed in {{cite encyclopedia}}
			utilities.set_message ('err_periodical_ignored', {Periodical_origin});
		end

		if utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia) or utilities.is_set (ScriptEncyclopedia) then
			Periodical = Encyclopedia;											-- error or no, set Periodical to Encyclopedia for rendering; {{citation}} could (not legitimately) have both; use Encyclopedia
			Periodical_origin = A:ORIGIN ('Encyclopedia');
			ScriptPeriodical = ScriptEncyclopedia;
			ScriptPeriodical_origin = A:ORIGIN ('ScriptEncyclopedia');

			if utilities.is_set (Title) or utilities.is_set (ScriptTitle) then
				if not utilities.is_set (Chapter) then
					Chapter = Title;											-- |encyclopedia= and |title= are set so map |title= params to |article= params for rendering
					ScriptChapter = ScriptTitle;
					ScriptChapter_origin = A:ORIGIN('ScriptTitle')
					TransChapter = TransTitle;
					ChapterURL = URL;
					ChapterURL_origin = URL_origin;
					ChapterUrlAccess = UrlAccess;
					ChapterFormat = Format;

					if not utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) and utilities.is_set (TitleLink) then
						Chapter = utilities.make_wikilink (TitleLink, Chapter);
					end
					Title = Periodical;											-- now map |encyclopedia= params to |title= params for rendering
					ScriptTitle = ScriptPeriodical or '';
					TransTitle = TransEncyclopedia or '';
					Periodical = '';											-- redundant so unset
					ScriptPeriodical = '';
					URL = '';
					Format = '';
					TitleLink = '';
				end
			elseif utilities.is_set (Chapter) or utilities.is_set (ScriptChapter) then	-- |title= not set
				Title = Periodical;												-- |encyclopedia= set and |article= set so map |encyclopedia= to |title= for rendering
				ScriptTitle = ScriptPeriodical or '';
				TransTitle = TransEncyclopedia or '';
				Periodical = '';												-- redundant so unset
				ScriptPeriodical = '';
			end
		end
	end

	-- special case for cite techreport.
	local ID = A['ID'];
	if (config.CitationClass == &quot;techreport&quot;) then								-- special case for cite techreport
		if utilities.is_set (A['Number']) then									-- cite techreport uses 'number', which other citations alias to 'issue'
			if not utilities.is_set (ID) then									-- can we use ID for the &quot;number&quot;?
				ID = A['Number'];												-- yes, use it
			else																-- ID has a value so emit error message
				utilities.set_message ('err_redundant_parameters', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'id') .. cfg.presentation['sep_list_pair'] .. utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'number')});
			end
		end	
	end

	-- Account for the oddity that is {{cite conference}}, before generation of COinS data.
	local ChapterLink -- = A['ChapterLink'];									-- deprecated as a parameter but still used internally by cite episode
	local Conference = A['Conference'];
	local BookTitle = A['BookTitle'];
	local TransTitle_origin = A:ORIGIN ('TransTitle');
	if 'conference' == config.CitationClass then
		if utilities.is_set (BookTitle) then
			Chapter = Title;
			Chapter_origin = 'title';
	--		ChapterLink = TitleLink;											-- |chapter-link= is deprecated
			ChapterURL = URL;
			ChapterUrlAccess = UrlAccess;
			ChapterURL_origin = URL_origin;
			URL_origin = '';
			ChapterFormat = Format;
			TransChapter = TransTitle;
			TransChapter_origin = TransTitle_origin;
			Title = BookTitle;
			Format = '';
	--		TitleLink = '';
			TransTitle = '';
			URL = '';
		end
	elseif 'speech' ~= config.CitationClass then
		Conference = '';														-- not cite conference or cite speech so make sure this is empty string
	end
	
	-- CS1/2 mode
	local Mode;
		if cfg.global_cs1_config_t['Mode'] then									-- global setting in {{cs1 config}} overrides local |mode= parameter value; nil when empty or assigned value invalid
			Mode = is_valid_parameter_value (cfg.global_cs1_config_t['Mode'], 'cs1 config: mode', cfg.keywords_lists['mode'], '');	-- error messaging 'param' here is a hoax
		else
			Mode = is_valid_parameter_value (A['Mode'], A:ORIGIN('Mode'), cfg.keywords_lists['mode'], '');
		end

		if cfg.global_cs1_config_t['Mode'] and utilities.is_set (A['Mode']) then	-- when template has |mode=&lt;something&gt; which global setting has overridden
			utilities.set_message ('maint_overridden_setting');					-- set a maint message
		end

	-- separator character and postscript
	local sepc, PostScript = set_style (Mode:lower(), A['PostScript'], config.CitationClass);
	-- controls capitalization of certain static text
	local use_lowercase = ( sepc == ',' );
	
	-- cite map oddities
	local Cartography = &quot;&quot;;
	local Scale = &quot;&quot;;
	local Sheet = A['Sheet'] or '';
	local Sheets = A['Sheets'] or '';
	if config.CitationClass == &quot;map&quot; then
		if utilities.is_set (Chapter) then										--TODO: make a function for this and similar?
			utilities.set_message ('err_redundant_parameters', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'map') .. cfg.presentation['sep_list_pair'] .. utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', Chapter_origin)});	-- add error message
		end
		Chapter = A['Map'];
		Chapter_origin = A:ORIGIN('Map');
		ChapterURL = A['MapURL'];
		ChapterURL_origin = A:ORIGIN('MapURL');
		TransChapter = A['TransMap'];
		ScriptChapter = A['ScriptMap']
		ScriptChapter_origin = A:ORIGIN('ScriptMap')

		ChapterUrlAccess = MapUrlAccess;
		ChapterFormat = A['MapFormat'];

		Cartography = A['Cartography'];
		if utilities.is_set ( Cartography ) then
			Cartography = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('cartography', Cartography, use_lowercase);
		end		
		Scale = A['Scale'];
		if utilities.is_set ( Scale ) then
			Scale = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. Scale;
		end
	end

	-- Account for the oddities that are {{cite episode}} and {{cite serial}}, before generation of COinS data.
	local Series = A['Series'];
	if 'episode' == config.CitationClass or 'serial' == config.CitationClass then
		local SeriesLink = A['SeriesLink'];

		SeriesLink = link_title_ok (SeriesLink, A:ORIGIN ('SeriesLink'), Series, 'series');	-- check for wiki-markup in |series-link= or wiki-markup in |series= when |series-link= is set

		local Network = A['Network'];
		local Station = A['Station'];
		local s, n = {}, {};
																				-- do common parameters first
		if utilities.is_set (Network) then table.insert(n, Network); end
		if utilities.is_set (Station) then table.insert(n, Station); end
		ID = table.concat(n, sepc .. ' ');
		
		if 'episode' == config.CitationClass then								-- handle the oddities that are strictly {{cite episode}}
			local Season = A['Season'];
			local SeriesNumber = A['SeriesNumber'];

			if utilities.is_set (Season) and utilities.is_set (SeriesNumber) then	-- these are mutually exclusive so if both are set TODO: make a function for this and similar?
				utilities.set_message ('err_redundant_parameters', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'season') .. cfg.presentation['sep_list_pair'] .. utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'seriesno')});		-- add error message
				SeriesNumber = '';												-- unset; prefer |season= over |seriesno=
			end
																				-- assemble a table of parts concatenated later into Series
			if utilities.is_set (Season) then table.insert(s, wrap_msg ('season', Season, use_lowercase)); end
			if utilities.is_set (SeriesNumber) then table.insert(s, wrap_msg ('seriesnum', SeriesNumber, use_lowercase)); end
			if utilities.is_set (Issue) then table.insert(s, wrap_msg ('episode', Issue, use_lowercase)); end
			Issue = '';															-- unset because this is not a unique parameter
	
			Chapter = Title;													-- promote title parameters to chapter
			ScriptChapter = ScriptTitle;
			ScriptChapter_origin = A:ORIGIN('ScriptTitle');
			ChapterLink = TitleLink;											-- alias |episode-link=
			TransChapter = TransTitle;
			ChapterURL = URL;
			ChapterUrlAccess = UrlAccess;
			ChapterURL_origin = URL_origin;
			ChapterFormat = Format;

			Title = Series;														-- promote series to title
			TitleLink = SeriesLink;
			Series = table.concat(s, sepc .. ' ');								-- this is concatenation of season, seriesno, episode number

			if utilities.is_set (ChapterLink) and not utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) then	-- link but not URL
				Chapter = utilities.make_wikilink (ChapterLink, Chapter);
			elseif utilities.is_set (ChapterLink) and utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) then	-- if both are set, URL links episode;
				Series = utilities.make_wikilink (ChapterLink, Series);
			end
			URL = '';															-- unset
			TransTitle = '';
			ScriptTitle = '';
			Format = '';
			
		else																	-- now oddities that are cite serial
			Issue = '';															-- unset because this parameter no longer supported by the citation/core version of cite serial
			Chapter = A['Episode'];												-- TODO: make |episode= available to cite episode someday?
			if utilities.is_set (Series) and utilities.is_set (SeriesLink) then
				Series = utilities.make_wikilink (SeriesLink, Series);
			end
			Series = utilities.wrap_style ('italic-title', Series);				-- series is italicized
		end	
	end
	-- end of {{cite episode}} stuff

	-- handle type parameter for those CS1 citations that have default values
	local TitleType = A['TitleType'];
	local Degree = A['Degree'];
	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'AV-media-notes', 'document', 'interview', 'mailinglist', 'map', 'podcast', 'pressrelease', 'report', 'speech', 'techreport', 'thesis'}) then
		TitleType = set_titletype (config.CitationClass, TitleType);
		if utilities.is_set (Degree) and &quot;Thesis&quot; == TitleType then				-- special case for cite thesis
			TitleType = Degree .. ' ' .. cfg.title_types ['thesis']:lower();
		end
	end

	if utilities.is_set (TitleType) then										-- if type parameter is specified
		TitleType = utilities.substitute ( cfg.messages['type'], TitleType);	-- display it in parentheses
	-- TODO: Hack on TitleType to fix bunched parentheses problem
	end

	-- legacy: promote PublicationDate to Date if neither Date nor Year are set.
	local Date = A['Date'];
 	local Date_origin;															-- to hold the name of parameter promoted to Date; required for date error messaging
	local PublicationDate = A['PublicationDate'];
	local Year = A['Year'];

	if not utilities.is_set (Date) then
		Date = Year;															-- promote Year to Date
		Year = nil;																-- make nil so Year as empty string isn't used for CITEREF
		if not utilities.is_set (Date) and utilities.is_set (PublicationDate) then	-- use PublicationDate when |date= and |year= are not set
			Date = PublicationDate;												-- promote PublicationDate to Date
			PublicationDate = '';												-- unset, no longer needed
			Date_origin = A:ORIGIN('PublicationDate');							-- save the name of the promoted parameter
		else
			Date_origin = A:ORIGIN('Year');										-- save the name of the promoted parameter
		end
	else
		Date_origin = A:ORIGIN('Date');											-- not a promotion; name required for error messaging
	end

	if PublicationDate == Date then PublicationDate = ''; end					-- if PublicationDate is same as Date, don't display in rendered citation

	--[[
	Go test all of the date-holding parameters for valid MOS:DATE format and make sure that dates are real dates. This must be done before we do COinS because here is where
	we get the date used in the metadata.
	
	Date validation supporting code is in Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation
	]]

	local DF = is_valid_parameter_value (A['DF'], A:ORIGIN('DF'), cfg.keywords_lists['df'], '');
	if not utilities.is_set (DF) then
		DF = cfg.global_df;														-- local |df= if present overrides global df set by {{use xxx date}} template
	end

	local ArchiveURL;
	local ArchiveDate;
	local ArchiveFormat = A['ArchiveFormat'];
	local archive_url_timestamp;												-- timestamp from wayback machine url
	
	ArchiveURL, ArchiveDate, archive_url_timestamp = archive_url_check (A['ArchiveURL'], A['ArchiveDate'])
	ArchiveFormat = style_format (ArchiveFormat, ArchiveURL, 'archive-format', 'archive-url');
	
	ArchiveURL, ArchiveDate = is_unique_archive_url (ArchiveURL, URL, ChapterURL, A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL'), ArchiveDate);		-- add error message when URL or ChapterURL == ArchiveURL

	local AccessDate = A['AccessDate'];
	local COinS_date = {};														-- holds date info extracted from |date= for the COinS metadata by Module:Date verification
	local DoiBroken = A['DoiBroken'];
	local Embargo = A['Embargo'];
	local anchor_year;															-- used in the CITEREF identifier
	do	-- create defined block to contain local variables error_message, date_parameters_list, mismatch
		local error_message = '';
																				-- AirDate has been promoted to Date so not necessary to check it
		local date_parameters_list = {
			['access-date'] = {val = AccessDate, name = A:ORIGIN ('AccessDate')},
			['archive-date'] = {val = ArchiveDate, name = A:ORIGIN ('ArchiveDate')},
			['date'] = {val = Date, name = Date_origin},
			['doi-broken-date'] = {val = DoiBroken, name = A:ORIGIN ('DoiBroken')},
			['pmc-embargo-date'] = {val = Embargo, name = A:ORIGIN ('Embargo')},
			['publication-date'] = {val = PublicationDate, name = A:ORIGIN ('PublicationDate')},
			['year'] = {val = Year, name = A:ORIGIN ('Year')},
			};

		local error_list = {};
		anchor_year, Embargo = validation.dates(date_parameters_list, COinS_date, error_list);

		if utilities.is_set (Year) and utilities.is_set (Date) then				-- both |date= and |year= not normally needed; 
			validation.year_date_check (Year, A:ORIGIN ('Year'), Date, A:ORIGIN ('Date'), error_list);
		end
		
		if 0 == #error_list then												-- error free dates only; 0 when error_list is empty
			local modified = false;												-- flag
			
			if utilities.is_set (DF) then										-- if we need to reformat dates
				modified = validation.reformat_dates (date_parameters_list, DF);	-- reformat to DF format, use long month names if appropriate
			end

			if true == validation.date_hyphen_to_dash (date_parameters_list) then	-- convert hyphens to dashes where appropriate
				modified = true;
				utilities.set_message ('maint_date_format');					-- hyphens were converted so add maint category
			end
			
	-- for those wikis that can and want to have English date names translated to the local language; not supported at en.wiki
			if cfg.date_name_auto_xlate_enable and validation.date_name_xlate (date_parameters_list, cfg.date_digit_auto_xlate_enable ) then
				utilities.set_message ('maint_date_auto_xlated');				-- add maint cat
				modified = true;
			end

			if modified then													-- if the date_parameters_list values were modified
				AccessDate = date_parameters_list['access-date'].val;			-- overwrite date holding parameters with modified values
				ArchiveDate = date_parameters_list['archive-date'].val;
				Date = date_parameters_list['date'].val;
				DoiBroken = date_parameters_list['doi-broken-date'].val;
				PublicationDate = date_parameters_list['publication-date'].val;
			end

			if archive_url_timestamp and utilities.is_set (ArchiveDate) then
				validation.archive_date_check (ArchiveDate, archive_url_timestamp, DF);	-- does YYYYMMDD in archive_url_timestamp match date in ArchiveDate
			end
		else
			utilities.set_message ('err_bad_date', {utilities.make_sep_list (#error_list, error_list)});	-- add this error message
		end
	end	-- end of do

	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'book', 'encyclopaedia'}) or	-- {{cite book}}, {{cite encyclopedia}}; TODO: {{cite conference}} and others?
		('citation' == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia)) or			-- {{citation}} as an encylopedia citation
		('citation' == config.CitationClass and not utilities.is_set (Periodical)) then		-- {{citation}} as a book citation
			if utilities.is_set (PublicationPlace) then
				if not utilities.is_set (PublisherName) then
					local date = COinS_date.rftdate and tonumber (COinS_date.rftdate:match ('%d%d%d%d'));	-- get year portion of COinS date (because in Arabic numerals); convert string to number
					if date and (1850 &lt;= date) then								-- location has no publisher; if date is 1850 or later
						utilities.set_message ('maint_location_no_publisher');	-- add maint cat
					end
				else															-- PublisherName has a value
					if cfg.keywords_xlate['none'] == PublisherName then			-- if that value is 'none' (only for book and encyclopedia citations)
						PublisherName = '';										-- unset
					end
				end
			end
	end

	local ID_list = {};															-- sequence table of rendered identifiers
	local ID_list_coins = {};													-- table of identifiers and their values from args; key is same as cfg.id_handlers's key
	local Class = A['Class'];													-- arxiv class identifier
	
	local ID_support = {
		{A['ASINTLD'], 'ASIN', 'err_asintld_missing_asin', A:ORIGIN ('ASINTLD')},				
		{DoiBroken, 'DOI', 'err_doibroken_missing_doi', A:ORIGIN ('DoiBroken')},
		{Embargo, 'PMC', 'err_embargo_missing_pmc', A:ORIGIN ('Embargo')},
		}

	ID_list, ID_list_coins = identifiers.identifier_lists_get (args, {DoiBroken = DoiBroken, ASINTLD = A['ASINTLD'], Embargo = Embargo, Class = Class}, ID_support);

	-- Account for the oddities that are {{cite arxiv}}, {{cite biorxiv}}, {{cite citeseerx}}, {{cite medrxiv}}, {{cite ssrn}}, before generation of COinS data.
	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, whitelist.preprint_template_list_t) then	-- |arxiv= or |eprint= required for cite arxiv; |biorxiv=, |citeseerx=, |medrxiv=, |ssrn= required for their templates
		if not (args[cfg.id_handlers[config.CitationClass:upper()].parameters[1]] or 		-- can't use ID_list_coins k/v table here because invalid parameters omitted
			args[cfg.id_handlers[config.CitationClass:upper()].parameters[2]]) then			-- which causes unexpected parameter missing error message
				utilities.set_message ('err_' .. config.CitationClass .. '_missing');		-- add error message
		end

		Periodical = ({['arxiv'] = 'arXiv', ['biorxiv'] = 'bioRxiv', ['citeseerx'] = 'CiteSeerX', ['medrxiv'] = 'medRxiv', ['ssrn'] = 'Social Science Research Network'})[config.CitationClass];
	end

	-- Link the title of the work if no |url= was provided, but we have a |pmc= or a |doi= with |doi-access=free

	if config.CitationClass == &quot;journal&quot; and not utilities.is_set (URL) and not utilities.is_set (TitleLink) and not utilities.in_array (cfg.keywords_xlate[Title], {'off', 'none'}) then -- TODO: remove 'none' once existing citations have been switched to 'off', so 'none' can be used as token for &quot;no title&quot; instead
		if 'none' ~= cfg.keywords_xlate[auto_select] then						-- if auto-linking not disabled
 	 		if identifiers.auto_link_urls[auto_select] then						-- manual selection
		 		URL = identifiers.auto_link_urls[auto_select];					-- set URL to be the same as identifier's external link
 				URL_origin = cfg.id_handlers[auto_select:upper()].parameters[1];	-- set URL_origin to parameter name for use in error message if citation is missing a |title=
			elseif identifiers.auto_link_urls['pmc'] then						-- auto-select PMC
				URL = identifiers.auto_link_urls['pmc'];						-- set URL to be the same as the PMC external link if not embargoed
				URL_origin = cfg.id_handlers['PMC'].parameters[1];				-- set URL_origin to parameter name for use in error message if citation is missing a |title=
			elseif identifiers.auto_link_urls['doi'] then						-- auto-select DOI
				URL = identifiers.auto_link_urls['doi'];
				URL_origin = cfg.id_handlers['DOI'].parameters[1];
			end
 	 	end

		if utilities.is_set (URL) then											-- set when using an identifier-created URL
			if utilities.is_set (AccessDate) then								-- |access-date= requires |url=; identifier-created URL is not |url=
				utilities.set_message ('err_accessdate_missing_url');			-- add an error message
				AccessDate = '';												-- unset
			end

			if utilities.is_set (ArchiveURL) then								-- |archive-url= requires |url=; identifier-created URL is not |url=
				utilities.set_message ('err_archive_missing_url');				-- add an error message
				ArchiveURL = '';												-- unset
			end
		end
	end

	-- At this point fields may be nil if they weren't specified in the template use.  We can use that fact.
	-- Test if citation has no title
	if	not utilities.is_set (Title) and not utilities.is_set (TransTitle) and not utilities.is_set (ScriptTitle) then	-- has special case for cite episode
		utilities.set_message ('err_citation_missing_title', {'episode' == config.CitationClass and 'series' or 'title'});
	end

	if utilities.in_array (cfg.keywords_xlate[Title], {'off', 'none'}) and
			utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'journal', 'citation'}) and
			(utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical)) and
			('journal' == Periodical_origin or 'script-journal' == ScriptPeriodical_origin) then	-- special case for journal cites
				Title = '';														-- set title to empty string
				utilities.set_message ('maint_untitled');						-- add maint cat
	end

	-- COinS metadata (see &lt;http://ocoins.info/&gt;) for automated parsing of citation information.
	-- handle the oddity that is cite encyclopedia and {{citation |encyclopedia=something}}. Here we presume that
	-- when Periodical, Title, and Chapter are all set, then Periodical is the book (encyclopedia) title, Title
	-- is the article title, and Chapter is a section within the article.  So, we remap 
	
	local coins_chapter = Chapter;												-- default assuming that remapping not required
	local coins_title = Title;													-- et tu
	if 'encyclopaedia' == config.CitationClass or ('citation' == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia)) then
		if utilities.is_set (Chapter) and utilities.is_set (Title) and utilities.is_set (Periodical) then		-- if all are used then
			coins_chapter = Title;												-- remap
			coins_title = Periodical;
		end
	end
	local coins_author = a;														-- default for coins rft.au 
	if 0 &lt; #c then																-- but if contributor list
		coins_author = c;														-- use that instead
	end
	
	-- this is the function call to COinS()
	local OCinSoutput = metadata.COinS({
		['Periodical'] = utilities.strip_apostrophe_markup (Periodical),		-- no markup in the metadata
		['Encyclopedia'] = Encyclopedia,										-- just a flag; content ignored by ~/COinS
		['Chapter'] = metadata.make_coins_title (coins_chapter, ScriptChapter),	-- Chapter and ScriptChapter stripped of bold / italic / accept-as-written markup
		['Degree'] = Degree;													-- cite thesis only
		['Title'] = metadata.make_coins_title (coins_title, ScriptTitle),		-- Title and ScriptTitle stripped of bold / italic / accept-as-written markup
		['PublicationPlace'] = PublicationPlace,
		['Date'] = COinS_date.rftdate,											-- COinS_date.* has correctly formatted date values if Date is valid;
		['Season'] = COinS_date.rftssn,
		['Quarter'] = COinS_date.rftquarter,
		['Chron'] =  COinS_date.rftchron,
		['Series'] = Series,
		['Volume'] = Volume,
		['Issue'] = Issue,
		['ArticleNumber'] = ArticleNumber,
		['Pages'] = coins_pages or metadata.get_coins_pages (first_set ({Sheet, Sheets, Page, Pages, At, QuotePage, QuotePages}, 7)),	-- pages stripped of external links
		['Edition'] = Edition,
		['PublisherName'] = PublisherName or Newsgroup,							-- any apostrophe markup already removed from PublisherName
		['URL'] = first_set ({ChapterURL, URL}, 2),
		['Authors'] = coins_author,
		['ID_list'] = ID_list_coins,
		['RawPage'] = this_page.prefixedText,
	}, config.CitationClass);

	-- Account for the oddities that are {{cite arxiv}}, {{cite biorxiv}}, {{cite citeseerx}}, {{cite medrxiv}}, and {{cite ssrn}} AFTER generation of COinS data.
	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, whitelist.preprint_template_list_t) then	-- we have set rft.jtitle in COinS to arXiv, bioRxiv, CiteSeerX, medRxiv, or ssrn now unset so it isn't displayed
		Periodical = '';														-- periodical not allowed in these templates; if article has been published, use cite journal
	end

	-- special case for cite newsgroup.  Do this after COinS because we are modifying Publishername to include some static text
	if 'newsgroup' == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Newsgroup) then
		PublisherName = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['newsgroup'], external_link( 'news:' .. Newsgroup, Newsgroup, Newsgroup_origin, nil ));
	end

	local Editors;
	local EditorCount;															-- used only for choosing {ed.) or (eds.) annotation at end of editor name-list
	local Contributors;															-- assembled contributors name list
	local contributor_etal;
	local Translators;															-- assembled translators name list
	local translator_etal;
	local t = {};																-- translators list from |translator-lastn= / translator-firstn= pairs
	t = extract_names (args, 'TranslatorList');									-- fetch translator list from |translatorn= / |translator-lastn=, -firstn=, -linkn=, -maskn=
	local Interviewers;															
	local interviewers_list = {};					
	interviewers_list = extract_names (args, 'InterviewerList');				-- process preferred interviewers parameters
	local interviewer_etal;
	
	-- Now perform various field substitutions.
	-- We also add leading spaces and surrounding markup and punctuation to the
	-- various parts of the citation, but only when they are non-nil.
	do
		local last_first_list;
		local control = { 
			format = NameListStyle,												-- empty string, '&amp;', 'amp', 'and', or 'vanc'
			maximum = nil,														-- as if display-authors or display-editors not set
			mode = Mode
		};

		do																		-- do editor name list first because the now unsupported coauthors used to modify control table
			local display_names, param = display_names_select (cfg.global_cs1_config_t['DisplayEditors'], A['DisplayEditors'], A:ORIGIN ('DisplayEditors'), #e);
			control.maximum, editor_etal = get_display_names (display_names, #e, 'editors', editor_etal, param);

			Editors, EditorCount = list_people (control, e, editor_etal);

			if 1 == EditorCount and (true == editor_etal or 1 &lt; #e) then		-- only one editor displayed but includes etal then 
				EditorCount = 2;												-- spoof to display (eds.) annotation
			end
		end
		do																		-- now do interviewers
			local display_names, param = display_names_select (cfg.global_cs1_config_t['DisplayInterviewers'], A['DisplayInterviewers'], A:ORIGIN ('DisplayInterviewers'), #interviewers_list);
			control.maximum, interviewer_etal = get_display_names (display_names, #interviewers_list, 'interviewers', interviewer_etal, param);

			Interviewers = list_people (control, interviewers_list, interviewer_etal);
		end
		do																		-- now do translators
			local display_names, param = display_names_select (cfg.global_cs1_config_t['DisplayTranslators'], A['DisplayTranslators'], A:ORIGIN ('DisplayTranslators'), #t);
			control.maximum, translator_etal = get_display_names (display_names, #t, 'translators', translator_etal, param);

			Translators = list_people (control, t, translator_etal);
		end
		do																		-- now do contributors
			local display_names, param = display_names_select (cfg.global_cs1_config_t['DisplayContributors'], A['DisplayContributors'], A:ORIGIN ('DisplayContributors'), #c);
			control.maximum, contributor_etal = get_display_names (display_names, #c, 'contributors', contributor_etal, param);

			Contributors = list_people (control, c, contributor_etal);
		end
		do																		-- now do authors
			local display_names, param = display_names_select (cfg.global_cs1_config_t['DisplayAuthors'], A['DisplayAuthors'], A:ORIGIN ('DisplayAuthors'), #a, author_etal);
			control.maximum, author_etal = get_display_names (display_names, #a, 'authors', author_etal, param);

			last_first_list = list_people (control, a, author_etal);

			if utilities.is_set (Authors) then
				Authors, author_etal = name_has_etal (Authors, author_etal, false, 'authors');	-- find and remove variations on et al.
				if author_etal then
					Authors = Authors .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['et al'];			-- add et al. to authors parameter
				end
			else
				Authors = last_first_list;										-- either an author name list or an empty string
			end
		end																		-- end of do
	
		if utilities.is_set (Authors) and utilities.is_set (Collaboration) then
			Authors = Authors .. ' (' .. Collaboration .. ')';					-- add collaboration after et al.
		end

	end

	local ConferenceFormat = A['ConferenceFormat'];
	local ConferenceURL = A['ConferenceURL'];
	ConferenceFormat = style_format (ConferenceFormat, ConferenceURL, 'conference-format', 'conference-url');
	Format = style_format (Format, URL, 'format', 'url');

	-- special case for chapter format so no error message or cat when chapter not supported
	if not (utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'web', 'news', 'journal', 'magazine', 'pressrelease', 'podcast', 'newsgroup', 'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx', 'medrxiv', 'ssrn'}) or
		('citation' == config.CitationClass and (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical)) and not utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia))) then
			ChapterFormat = style_format (ChapterFormat, ChapterURL, 'chapter-format', 'chapter-url');
	end

	if not utilities.is_set (URL) then
		if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {&quot;web&quot;, &quot;podcast&quot;, &quot;mailinglist&quot;}) or		-- |url= required for cite web, cite podcast, and cite mailinglist
			('citation' == config.CitationClass and ('website' == Periodical_origin or 'script-website' == ScriptPeriodical_origin)) then	-- and required for {{citation}} with |website= or |script-website=
				utilities.set_message ('err_cite_web_url');
		end
		
		-- do we have |accessdate= without either |url= or |chapter-url=?
		if utilities.is_set (AccessDate) and not utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) then		-- ChapterURL may be set when URL is not set;
			utilities.set_message ('err_accessdate_missing_url');
			AccessDate = '';
		end
	end

	local UrlStatus = is_valid_parameter_value (A['UrlStatus'], A:ORIGIN('UrlStatus'), cfg.keywords_lists['url-status'], '');
	local OriginalURL
	local OriginalURL_origin
	local OriginalFormat
	local OriginalAccess;
	UrlStatus = UrlStatus:lower();												-- used later when assembling archived text
	if utilities.is_set ( ArchiveURL ) then
		if utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) then 									-- if chapter-url= is set apply archive url to it
			OriginalURL = ChapterURL;											-- save copy of source chapter's url for archive text
			OriginalURL_origin = ChapterURL_origin;								-- name of |chapter-url= parameter for error messages
			OriginalFormat = ChapterFormat;										-- and original |chapter-format=

			if 'live' ~= UrlStatus then
				ChapterURL = ArchiveURL											-- swap-in the archive's URL
				ChapterURL_origin = A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL')						-- name of |archive-url= parameter for error messages
				ChapterFormat = ArchiveFormat or '';							-- swap in archive's format
				ChapterUrlAccess = nil;											-- restricted access levels do not make sense for archived URLs
			end
		elseif utilities.is_set (URL) then
			OriginalURL = URL;													-- save copy of original source URL
			OriginalURL_origin = URL_origin;									-- name of URL parameter for error messages
			OriginalFormat = Format; 											-- and original |format=
			OriginalAccess = UrlAccess;

			if 'live' ~= UrlStatus then											-- if URL set then |archive-url= applies to it
				URL = ArchiveURL												-- swap-in the archive's URL
				URL_origin = A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL')								-- name of archive URL parameter for error messages
				Format = ArchiveFormat or '';									-- swap in archive's format
				UrlAccess = nil;												-- restricted access levels do not make sense for archived URLs
			end
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (UrlStatus) then									-- if |url-status= is set when |archive-url= is not set
 		utilities.set_message ('maint_url_status');								-- add maint cat
	end

	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'web', 'news', 'journal', 'magazine', 'pressrelease', 'podcast', 'newsgroup', 'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx', 'medrxiv', 'ssrn'}) or	-- if any of the 'periodical' cites except encyclopedia
		('citation' == config.CitationClass and (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical)) and not utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia)) then
			local chap_param;
			if utilities.is_set (Chapter) then									-- get a parameter name from one of these chapter related meta-parameters
				chap_param = A:ORIGIN ('Chapter')
			elseif utilities.is_set (TransChapter) then
				chap_param = A:ORIGIN ('TransChapter')
			elseif utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) then
				chap_param = A:ORIGIN ('ChapterURL')
			elseif utilities.is_set (ScriptChapter) then
				chap_param = ScriptChapter_origin;
			else utilities.is_set (ChapterFormat)
				chap_param = A:ORIGIN ('ChapterFormat')
			end

			if utilities.is_set (chap_param) then								-- if we found one
				utilities.set_message ('err_chapter_ignored', {chap_param});	-- add error message
				Chapter = '';													-- and set them to empty string to be safe with concatenation
				TransChapter = '';
				ChapterURL = '';
				ScriptChapter = '';
				ChapterFormat = '';
			end
	else																		-- otherwise, format chapter / article title
		local no_quotes = false;												-- default assume that we will be quoting the chapter parameter value
		if utilities.is_set (Contribution) and 0 &lt; #c then						-- if this is a contribution with contributor(s)
			if utilities.in_array (Contribution:lower(), cfg.keywords_lists.contribution) then	-- and a generic contribution title
				no_quotes = true;												-- then render it unquoted
			end
		end

		Chapter = format_chapter_title (ScriptChapter, ScriptChapter_origin, Chapter, Chapter_origin, TransChapter, TransChapter_origin, ChapterURL, ChapterURL_origin, no_quotes, ChapterUrlAccess);		-- Contribution is also in Chapter
		if utilities.is_set (Chapter) then
			Chapter = Chapter .. ChapterFormat ;
			if 'map' == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (TitleType) then
				Chapter = Chapter .. ' ' .. TitleType;							-- map annotation here; not after title
			end
			Chapter = Chapter .. sepc .. ' ';
		elseif utilities.is_set (ChapterFormat) then							-- |chapter= not set but |chapter-format= is so ...
			Chapter = ChapterFormat .. sepc .. ' ';								-- ... ChapterFormat has error message, we want to see it
		end
	end

	-- Format main title
	local plain_title = false;
	local accept_title;
	Title, accept_title = utilities.has_accept_as_written (Title, true);		-- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of &lt;Title&gt;
	if accept_title and ('' == Title) then										-- only support forced empty for now &quot;(())&quot;
		Title = cfg.messages['notitle'];										-- replace by predefined &quot;No title&quot; message
			-- TODO: utilities.set_message ( 'err_redundant_parameters', ...);	-- issue proper error message instead of muting	 
			ScriptTitle = '';													-- just mute for now	 
			TransTitle = '';													-- just mute for now
 		plain_title = true;														-- suppress text decoration for descriptive title
		utilities.set_message ('maint_untitled');								-- add maint cat
	end

	if not accept_title then													-- &lt;Title&gt; not wrapped in accept-as-written markup
		if '...' == Title:sub (-3) then											-- if ellipsis is the last three characters of |title=
			Title = Title:gsub ('(%.%.%.)%.+$', '%1');							-- limit the number of dots to three
		elseif not mw.ustring.find (Title, '%.%s*%a%.$') and					-- end of title is not a 'dot-(optional space-)letter-dot' initialism ...
			not mw.ustring.find (Title, '%s+%a%.$') then						-- ...and not a 'space-letter-dot' initial (''Allium canadense'' L.)
				Title = mw.ustring.gsub(Title, '%' .. sepc .. '$', '');			-- remove any trailing separator character; sepc and ms.ustring() here for languages that use multibyte separator characters
		end

		if utilities.is_set (ArchiveURL) and is_archived_copy (Title) then
			utilities.set_message ('maint_archived_copy');						-- add maintenance category before we modify the content of Title
		end

		if is_generic ('generic_titles', Title) then
			utilities.set_message ('err_generic_title');						-- set an error message
		end
	end

	if (not plain_title) and (utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'web', 'news', 'journal', 'magazine', 'document', 'pressrelease', 'podcast', 'newsgroup', 'mailinglist', 'interview', 'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx', 'medrxiv', 'ssrn'}) or
		('citation' == config.CitationClass and (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical)) and not utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia)) or
		('map' == config.CitationClass and (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical)))) then		-- special case for cite map when the map is in a periodical treat as an article
			Title = kern_quotes (Title);										-- if necessary, separate title's leading and trailing quote marks from module provided quote marks
			Title = utilities.wrap_style ('quoted-title', Title);
			Title = script_concatenate (Title, ScriptTitle, 'script-title');	-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; must be done after title is wrapped
			TransTitle = utilities.wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', TransTitle );
	elseif plain_title or ('report' == config.CitationClass) then				-- no styling for cite report and descriptive titles (otherwise same as above)
		Title = script_concatenate (Title, ScriptTitle, 'script-title');		-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; must be done after title is wrapped
		TransTitle = utilities.wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', TransTitle );	-- for cite report, use this form for trans-title
	else
		Title = utilities.wrap_style ('italic-title', Title);
		Title = script_concatenate (Title, ScriptTitle, 'script-title');		-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; must be done after title is wrapped
		TransTitle = utilities.wrap_style ('trans-italic-title', TransTitle);
	end

	if utilities.is_set (TransTitle) then
		if utilities.is_set (Title) then
			TransTitle = &quot; &quot; .. TransTitle;
		else
			utilities.set_message ('err_trans_missing_title', {'title'});
		end
	end

	if utilities.is_set (Title) then											-- TODO: is this the right place to be making Wikisource URLs?
		if utilities.is_set (TitleLink) and utilities.is_set (URL) then
			utilities.set_message ('err_wikilink_in_url');						-- set an error message because we can't have both
			TitleLink = '';														-- unset
		end
	
		if not utilities.is_set (TitleLink) and utilities.is_set (URL) then
			Title = external_link (URL, Title, URL_origin, UrlAccess) .. TransTitle .. Format;
			URL = '';															-- unset these because no longer needed
			Format = &quot;&quot;;
		elseif utilities.is_set (TitleLink) and not utilities.is_set (URL) then
			local ws_url;
			ws_url = wikisource_url_make (TitleLink);							-- ignore ws_label return; not used here
			if ws_url then
				Title = external_link (ws_url, Title .. '&amp;nbsp;', 'ws link in title-link');	-- space char after Title to move icon away from italic text; TODO: a better way to do this?
				Title = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['interwiki-icon'], {cfg.presentation['class-wikisource'], TitleLink, Title});				
				Title = Title .. TransTitle;
			else
				Title = utilities.make_wikilink (TitleLink, Title) .. TransTitle;
			end
		else
			local ws_url, ws_label, L;											-- Title has italic or quote markup by the time we get here which causes is_wikilink() to return 0 (not a wikilink)
			ws_url, ws_label, L = wikisource_url_make (Title:gsub('^[\'&quot;]*(.-)[\'&quot;]*$', '%1'));	-- make ws URL from |title= interwiki link (strip italic or quote markup); link portion L becomes tooltip label
			if ws_url then
				Title = Title:gsub ('%b[]', ws_label);							-- replace interwiki link with ws_label to retain markup
				Title = external_link (ws_url, Title .. '&amp;nbsp;', 'ws link in title');	-- space char after Title to move icon away from italic text; TODO: a better way to do this?
				Title = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['interwiki-icon'], {cfg.presentation['class-wikisource'], L, Title});				
				Title = Title .. TransTitle;
			else
				Title = Title .. TransTitle;
			end
		end
	else
		Title = TransTitle;
	end

	if utilities.is_set (Place) then
		Place = &quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('written', Place, use_lowercase) .. sepc .. &quot; &quot;;
	end

	local ConferenceURL_origin = A:ORIGIN('ConferenceURL');						-- get name of parameter that holds ConferenceURL
	if utilities.is_set (Conference) then
		if utilities.is_set (ConferenceURL) then
			Conference = external_link( ConferenceURL, Conference, ConferenceURL_origin, nil );
		end
		Conference = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. Conference .. ConferenceFormat;
	elseif utilities.is_set (ConferenceURL) then
		Conference = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. external_link( ConferenceURL, nil, ConferenceURL_origin, nil );
	end

	local Position = '';
	if not utilities.is_set (Position) then
		local Minutes = A['Minutes'];
		local Time = A['Time'];

		if utilities.is_set (Minutes) then
			if utilities.is_set (Time) then		--TODO: make a function for this and similar?
				utilities.set_message ('err_redundant_parameters', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'minutes') .. cfg.presentation['sep_list_pair'] .. utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'time')});
			end
			Position = &quot; &quot; .. Minutes .. &quot; &quot; .. cfg.messages['minutes'];
		else
			if utilities.is_set (Time) then
				local TimeCaption = A['TimeCaption']
				if not utilities.is_set (TimeCaption) then
					TimeCaption = cfg.messages['event'];
					if sepc ~= '.' then
						TimeCaption = TimeCaption:lower();
					end
				end
				Position = &quot; &quot; .. TimeCaption .. &quot; &quot; .. Time;
			end
		end
	else
		Position = &quot; &quot; .. Position;
		At = '';
	end

	Page, Pages, Sheet, Sheets = format_pages_sheets (Page, Pages, Sheet, Sheets, config.CitationClass, Periodical_origin, sepc, NoPP, use_lowercase);

	At = utilities.is_set (At) and (sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. At) or &quot;&quot;;
	Position = utilities.is_set (Position) and (sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. Position) or &quot;&quot;;
	if config.CitationClass == 'map' then
		local Sections = A['Sections'];											-- Section (singular) is an alias of Chapter so set earlier
		local Inset = A['Inset'];
		
		if utilities.is_set ( Inset ) then
			Inset = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('inset', Inset, use_lowercase);
		end			

		if utilities.is_set ( Sections ) then
			Section = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('sections', Sections, use_lowercase);
		elseif utilities.is_set ( Section ) then
			Section = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('section', Section, use_lowercase);
		end
		At = At .. Inset .. Section;		
	end	

	local Others = A['Others'];
	if utilities.is_set (Others) and 0 == #a and 0 == #e then					-- add maint cat when |others= has value and used without |author=, |editor=
		if config.CitationClass == &quot;AV-media-notes&quot;
		or config.CitationClass == &quot;audio-visual&quot; then							-- special maint for AV/M which has a lot of 'false' positives right now
			utilities.set_message ('maint_others_avm')
		else
			utilities.set_message ('maint_others');
		end
	end
	Others = utilities.is_set (Others) and (sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. Others) or &quot;&quot;;
	
	if utilities.is_set (Translators) then
		Others = safe_join ({sepc .. ' ', wrap_msg ('translated', Translators, use_lowercase), Others}, sepc);
	end
	if utilities.is_set (Interviewers) then
		Others = safe_join ({sepc .. ' ', wrap_msg ('interview', Interviewers, use_lowercase), Others}, sepc);
	end
	
	local TitleNote = A['TitleNote'];
	TitleNote = utilities.is_set (TitleNote) and (sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. TitleNote) or &quot;&quot;;
	if utilities.is_set (Edition) then
		if Edition:match ('%f[%a][Ee]d%n?%.?$') or Edition:match ('%f[%a][Ee]dition$') then -- Ed, ed, Ed., ed., Edn, edn, Edn., edn.
			utilities.set_message ('err_extra_text_edition');					 -- add error message
		end
		Edition = &quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('edition', Edition);
	else
		Edition = '';
	end

	Series = utilities.is_set (Series) and wrap_msg ('series', {sepc, Series}) or &quot;&quot;;	-- not the same as SeriesNum
	local Agency = A['Agency'] or '';											-- |agency= only supported in {{cite news}}, {{cite press release}}, {{cite web}} and certain {{citation}} templates
	if utilities.is_set (Agency) then											-- this testing done here because {{citation}} supports 'news' citations
		if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'news', 'pressrelease', 'web'}) or ('citation' == config.CitationClass and utilities.in_array (Periodical_origin, {&quot;newspaper&quot;, &quot;work&quot;})) then
			Agency = wrap_msg ('agency', {sepc, Agency});						-- format for rendering
		else
			Agency = '';														-- unset; not supported
			utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored', {'agency'});		-- add error message
		end
	end
	
	Volume = format_volume_issue (Volume, Issue, ArticleNumber, config.CitationClass, Periodical_origin, sepc, use_lowercase);

	if utilities.is_set (AccessDate) then
		local retrv_text = &quot; &quot; .. cfg.messages['retrieved']

		AccessDate = nowrap_date (AccessDate);									-- wrap in nowrap span if date in appropriate format
		if (sepc ~= &quot;.&quot;) then retrv_text = retrv_text:lower() end				-- if mode is cs2, lower case
		AccessDate = utilities.substitute (retrv_text, AccessDate);				-- add retrieved text

		AccessDate = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['accessdate'], {sepc, AccessDate});	-- allow editors to hide accessdates
	end
	
	if utilities.is_set (ID) then ID = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. ID; end
	
	local Docket = A['Docket'];
   	if &quot;thesis&quot; == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Docket) then
		ID = sepc .. &quot; Docket &quot; .. Docket .. ID;
	end
   	if &quot;report&quot; == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Docket) then		-- for cite report when |docket= is set
		ID = sepc .. ' ' .. Docket;												-- overwrite ID even if |id= is set
	end

	if utilities.is_set (URL) then
		URL = &quot; &quot; .. external_link( URL, nil, URL_origin, UrlAccess );
	end

	local Quote = A['Quote'];
	local TransQuote = A['TransQuote'];
	local ScriptQuote = A['ScriptQuote'];
	if utilities.is_set (Quote) or utilities.is_set (TransQuote) or utilities.is_set (ScriptQuote) then

		if utilities.is_set (Quote) then
			if Quote:sub(1, 1) == '&quot;' and Quote:sub(-1, -1) == '&quot;' then			-- if first and last characters of quote are quote marks
				Quote = Quote:sub(2, -2);										-- strip them off
			end
		end
		
		Quote = kern_quotes (Quote);											-- kern if needed
		Quote = utilities.wrap_style ('quoted-text', Quote );					-- wrap in &lt;q&gt;...&lt;/q&gt; tags
	
		if utilities.is_set (ScriptQuote) then
			Quote = script_concatenate (Quote, ScriptQuote, 'script-quote');	-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; must be done after quote is wrapped
		end

		if utilities.is_set (TransQuote) then
			if TransQuote:sub(1, 1) == '&quot;' and TransQuote:sub(-1, -1) == '&quot;' then -- if first and last characters of |trans-quote are quote marks
				TransQuote = TransQuote:sub(2, -2); -- strip them off
			end
			Quote = Quote .. &quot; &quot; .. utilities.wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', TransQuote );
		end

		if utilities.is_set (QuotePage) or utilities.is_set (QuotePages) then	-- add page prefix
			local quote_prefix = '';
			if utilities.is_set (QuotePage) then
				extra_text_in_page_check (QuotePage, 'quote-page');				-- add to maint cat if |quote-page= value begins with what looks like p., pp., etc.
				if not NoPP then
					quote_prefix = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['p-prefix'], {sepc, QuotePage}), '', '', '';
				else
					quote_prefix = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['nopp'], {sepc, QuotePage}), '', '', '';
				end
			elseif utilities.is_set (QuotePages) then
				extra_text_in_page_check (QuotePages, 'quote-pages');			-- add to maint cat if |quote-pages= value begins with what looks like p., pp., etc.
				if tonumber(QuotePages) ~= nil and not NoPP then				-- if only digits, assume single page
					quote_prefix = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['p-prefix'], {sepc, QuotePages}), '', '';
				elseif not NoPP then
					quote_prefix = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['pp-prefix'], {sepc, QuotePages}), '', '';
				else
					quote_prefix = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['nopp'], {sepc, QuotePages}), '', '';
				end
			end
                        
			Quote = quote_prefix .. &quot;: &quot; .. Quote;
		else
			Quote = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. Quote;
		end

		PostScript = &quot;&quot;;														-- cs1|2 does not supply terminal punctuation when |quote= is set
	end
	
	-- We check length of PostScript here because it will have been nuked by
	-- the quote parameters. We'd otherwise emit a message even if there wasn't
	-- a displayed postscript.
	-- TODO: Should the max size (1) be configurable?
	-- TODO: Should we check a specific pattern?
	if utilities.is_set(PostScript) and mw.ustring.len(PostScript) &gt; 1 then
		utilities.set_message ('maint_postscript')
	end
	
	local Archived;
	if utilities.is_set (ArchiveURL) then
		if not utilities.is_set (ArchiveDate) then								-- ArchiveURL set but ArchiveDate not set
			utilities.set_message ('err_archive_missing_date');					-- emit an error message
			ArchiveURL = '';													-- empty string for concatenation
			ArchiveDate = '';													-- empty string for concatenation
		end
	else														
		if utilities.is_set (ArchiveDate) then									-- ArchiveURL not set but ArchiveDate is set
			utilities.set_message ('err_archive_date_missing_url');				-- emit an error message
			ArchiveURL = '';													-- empty string for concatenation
			ArchiveDate = '';													-- empty string for concatenation
		end
	end

	if utilities.is_set (ArchiveURL) then
		local arch_text;
		if &quot;live&quot; == UrlStatus then
			arch_text = cfg.messages['archived'];
			if sepc ~= &quot;.&quot; then arch_text = arch_text:lower() end
			if utilities.is_set (ArchiveDate) then
				Archived = sepc .. ' ' .. utilities.substitute ( cfg.messages['archived-live'],
					{external_link( ArchiveURL, arch_text, A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL'), nil) .. ArchiveFormat, ArchiveDate } );
			else
				Archived = '';
			end
			if not utilities.is_set (OriginalURL) then
				utilities.set_message ('err_archive_missing_url');
				Archived = '';													-- empty string for concatenation
			end
		elseif utilities.is_set (OriginalURL) then								-- UrlStatus is empty, 'dead', 'unfit', 'usurped', 'bot: unknown'
			if utilities.in_array (UrlStatus, {'unfit', 'usurped', 'bot: unknown'}) then
				arch_text = cfg.messages['archived-unfit'];
				if sepc ~= &quot;.&quot; then arch_text = arch_text:lower() end
				Archived = sepc .. ' ' .. arch_text .. ArchiveDate;				-- format already styled
				if 'bot: unknown' == UrlStatus then
					utilities.set_message ('maint_bot_unknown');				-- and add a category if not already added
				else
					utilities.set_message ('maint_unfit');						-- and add a category if not already added
				end
			else																-- UrlStatus is empty, 'dead'
				arch_text = cfg.messages['archived-dead'];
				if sepc ~= &quot;.&quot; then arch_text = arch_text:lower() end
				if utilities.is_set (ArchiveDate) then
					Archived = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. utilities.substitute ( arch_text,
						{ external_link( OriginalURL, cfg.messages['original'], OriginalURL_origin, OriginalAccess ) .. OriginalFormat, ArchiveDate } );	-- format already styled
				else
					Archived = '';												-- unset for concatenation
				end
			end	
		else																	-- OriginalUrl not set
			utilities.set_message ('err_archive_missing_url');
			Archived = '';														-- empty string for concatenation
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (ArchiveFormat) then
		Archived = ArchiveFormat;												-- if set and ArchiveURL not set ArchiveFormat has error message
	else
		Archived = '';
	end
	
	local TranscriptURL = A['TranscriptURL']
	local TranscriptFormat = A['TranscriptFormat'];
	TranscriptFormat = style_format (TranscriptFormat, TranscriptURL, 'transcript-format', 'transcripturl');
	local Transcript = A['Transcript'];
	local TranscriptURL_origin = A:ORIGIN('TranscriptURL');						-- get name of parameter that holds TranscriptURL
	if utilities.is_set (Transcript) then
		if utilities.is_set (TranscriptURL) then
			Transcript = external_link( TranscriptURL, Transcript, TranscriptURL_origin, nil );
		end
		Transcript = sepc .. ' ' .. Transcript .. TranscriptFormat;
	elseif utilities.is_set (TranscriptURL) then
		Transcript = external_link( TranscriptURL, nil, TranscriptURL_origin, nil );
	end

	local Publisher;
	if utilities.is_set (PublicationDate) then
		PublicationDate = wrap_msg ('published', PublicationDate);
	end
	if utilities.is_set (PublisherName) then
		if utilities.is_set (PublicationPlace) then
			Publisher = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. PublicationPlace .. &quot;: &quot; .. PublisherName .. PublicationDate;
		else
			Publisher = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. PublisherName .. PublicationDate;  
		end			
	elseif utilities.is_set (PublicationPlace) then 
		Publisher= sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. PublicationPlace .. PublicationDate;
	else 
		Publisher = PublicationDate;
	end
	
	-- Several of the above rely upon detecting this as nil, so do it last.
	if (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical) or utilities.is_set (TransPeriodical)) then
		if utilities.is_set (Title) or utilities.is_set (TitleNote) then 
			Periodical = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. format_periodical (ScriptPeriodical, ScriptPeriodical_origin, Periodical, TransPeriodical, TransPeriodical_origin);
		else 
			Periodical = format_periodical (ScriptPeriodical, ScriptPeriodical_origin, Periodical, TransPeriodical, TransPeriodical_origin);
		end
	end
	
	local Language = A['Language'];
	if utilities.is_set (Language) then
		Language = language_parameter (Language);								-- format, categories, name from ISO639-1, etc.
	else
		Language='';															-- language not specified so make sure this is an empty string;
	--[[ TODO: need to extract the wrap_msg from language_parameter
	so that we can solve parentheses bunching problem with Format/Language/TitleType
	]]
	end

	--[[
	Handle the oddity that is cite speech.  This code overrides whatever may be the value assigned to TitleNote (through |department=) and forces it to be &quot; (Speech)&quot; so that
	the annotation directly follows the |title= parameter value in the citation rather than the |event= parameter value (if provided).
	]]
	if &quot;speech&quot; == config.CitationClass then									-- cite speech only
		TitleNote = TitleType;													-- move TitleType to TitleNote so that it renders ahead of |event=
		TitleType = '';															-- and unset

		if utilities.is_set (Periodical) then									-- if Periodical, perhaps because of an included |website= or |journal= parameter 
			if utilities.is_set (Conference) then								-- and if |event= is set
				Conference = Conference .. sepc .. &quot; &quot;;							-- then add appropriate punctuation to the end of the Conference variable before rendering
			end
		end
	end

	-- Piece all bits together at last.  Here, all should be non-nil.
	-- We build things this way because it is more efficient in LUA
	-- not to keep reassigning to the same string variable over and over.

	local tcommon;
	local tcommon2;																-- used for book cite when |contributor= is set
	
	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {&quot;book&quot;, &quot;citation&quot;}) and not utilities.is_set (Periodical) then		-- special cases for book cites
		if utilities.is_set (Contributors) then									-- when we are citing foreword, preface, introduction, etc.
			tcommon = safe_join ({Title, TitleNote}, sepc);						-- author and other stuff will come after this and before tcommon2
			tcommon2 = safe_join ({TitleType, Series, Language, Volume, Others, Edition, Publisher}, sepc);
		else
			tcommon = safe_join ({Title, TitleNote, TitleType, Series, Language, Volume, Others, Edition, Publisher}, sepc);
		end

	elseif 'map' == config.CitationClass then									-- special cases for cite map
		if utilities.is_set (Chapter) then										-- map in a book; TitleType is part of Chapter
			tcommon = safe_join ({Title, Edition, Scale, Series, Language, Cartography, Others, Publisher, Volume}, sepc);
		elseif utilities.is_set (Periodical) then								-- map in a periodical
			tcommon = safe_join ({Title, TitleType, Periodical, Scale, Series, Language, Cartography, Others, Publisher, Volume}, sepc);
		else																	-- a sheet or stand-alone map
			tcommon = safe_join ({Title, TitleType, Edition, Scale, Series, Language, Cartography, Others, Publisher}, sepc);
		end
		
	elseif 'episode' == config.CitationClass then								-- special case for cite episode
		tcommon = safe_join ({Title, TitleNote, TitleType, Series, Language, Edition, Publisher}, sepc);

	else																		-- all other CS1 templates
		tcommon = safe_join ({Title, TitleNote, Conference, Periodical, TitleType, Series, Language, Volume, Others, Edition, Publisher, Agency}, sepc);
	end
	
	if #ID_list &gt; 0 then
		ID_list = safe_join( { sepc .. &quot; &quot;,  table.concat( ID_list, sepc .. &quot; &quot; ), ID }, sepc );
	else
		ID_list = ID;
	end
	
	local Via = A['Via'];
	Via = utilities.is_set (Via) and  wrap_msg ('via', Via) or '';
	local idcommon;
	if 'audio-visual' == config.CitationClass or 'episode' == config.CitationClass then	-- special case for cite AV media &amp; cite episode position transcript
		idcommon = safe_join( { ID_list, URL, Archived, Transcript, AccessDate, Via, Quote }, sepc );
	else
		idcommon = safe_join( { ID_list, URL, Archived, AccessDate, Via, Quote }, sepc );
	end
	
	local text;
	local pgtext = Position .. Sheet .. Sheets .. Page .. Pages .. At;

	local OrigDate = A['OrigDate'];
	OrigDate = utilities.is_set (OrigDate) and wrap_msg ('origdate', OrigDate) or '';
	if utilities.is_set (Date) then
		if utilities.is_set (Authors) or utilities.is_set (Editors) then		-- date follows authors or editors when authors not set
			Date = &quot; (&quot; .. Date .. &quot;)&quot; .. OrigDate .. sepc .. &quot; &quot;;				-- in parentheses
		else																	-- neither of authors and editors set
			if (string.sub(tcommon, -1, -1) == sepc) then						-- if the last character of tcommon is sepc
				Date = &quot; &quot; .. Date .. OrigDate;									-- Date does not begin with sepc
			else
				Date = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. Date .. OrigDate;							-- Date begins with sepc
			end
		end
	end	
	if utilities.is_set (Authors) then
		if (not utilities.is_set (Date)) then									-- when date is set it's in parentheses; no Authors termination
			Authors = terminate_name_list (Authors, sepc);						-- when no date, terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a space
		end
		if utilities.is_set (Editors) then
			local in_text = '';
			local post_text = '';
			if utilities.is_set (Chapter) and 0 == #c then
				in_text = cfg.messages['in'] .. ' ';
				if (sepc ~= '.') then
					in_text = in_text:lower();									-- lowercase for cs2
				end
			end
			if EditorCount &lt;= 1 then
				post_text = ' (' .. cfg.messages['editor'] .. ')';				-- be consistent with no-author, no-date case
			else
				post_text = ' (' .. cfg.messages['editors'] .. ')';
			end
			Editors = terminate_name_list (in_text .. Editors .. post_text, sepc);	-- terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a space
		end
		if utilities.is_set (Contributors) then									-- book cite and we're citing the intro, preface, etc.
			local by_text = sepc .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['by'] .. ' ';
			if (sepc ~= '.') then by_text = by_text:lower() end					-- lowercase for cs2
			Authors = by_text .. Authors;										-- author follows title so tweak it here
			if utilities.is_set (Editors) and utilities.is_set (Date) then		-- when Editors make sure that Authors gets terminated
				Authors = terminate_name_list (Authors, sepc);					-- terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a space
			end
			if (not utilities.is_set (Date)) then								-- when date is set it's in parentheses; no Contributors termination
				Contributors = terminate_name_list (Contributors, sepc);		-- terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a space
			end
			text = safe_join( {Contributors, Date, Chapter, tcommon, Authors, Place, Editors, tcommon2, pgtext, idcommon }, sepc );
		else
			text = safe_join( {Authors, Date, Chapter, Place, Editors, tcommon, pgtext, idcommon }, sepc );
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (Editors) then
		if utilities.is_set (Date) then
			if EditorCount &lt;= 1 then
				Editors = Editors .. cfg.presentation['sep_name'] .. cfg.messages['editor'];
			else
				Editors = Editors .. cfg.presentation['sep_name'] .. cfg.messages['editors'];
			end
		else
			if EditorCount &lt;= 1 then
				Editors = Editors .. &quot; (&quot; .. cfg.messages['editor'] .. &quot;)&quot; .. sepc .. &quot; &quot;
			else
				Editors = Editors .. &quot; (&quot; .. cfg.messages['editors'] .. &quot;)&quot; .. sepc .. &quot; &quot;
			end
		end
		text = safe_join( {Editors, Date, Chapter, Place, tcommon, pgtext, idcommon}, sepc );
	else
		if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {&quot;journal&quot;, &quot;citation&quot;}) and utilities.is_set (Periodical) then
			text = safe_join( {Chapter, Place, tcommon, pgtext, Date, idcommon}, sepc );
		else
			text = safe_join( {Chapter, Place, tcommon, Date, pgtext, idcommon}, sepc );
		end
	end

	if utilities.is_set (PostScript) and PostScript ~= sepc then
		text = safe_join( {text, sepc}, sepc ); 								-- Deals with italics, spaces, etc.
		if '.' == sepc then														-- remove final seperator if present
			text = text:gsub ('%' .. sepc .. '$', '');							-- dot must be escaped here
		else
			text = mw.ustring.gsub (text, sepc .. '$', '');						-- using ustring for non-dot sepc (likely a non-Latin character)
		end
	end	
	
	text = safe_join( {text, PostScript}, sepc );

	-- Now enclose the whole thing in a &lt;cite&gt; element
	local options_t = {};
	options_t.class = cite_class_attribute_make (config.CitationClass, Mode);

	local Ref = is_valid_parameter_value (A['Ref'], A:ORIGIN('Ref'), cfg.keywords_lists['ref'], nil, true);	-- nil when |ref=harv; A['Ref'] else

	if 'none' ~= cfg.keywords_xlate[(Ref and Ref:lower()) or ''] then
		local namelist_t = {};													-- holds selected contributor, author, editor name list
		local year = first_set ({Year, anchor_year}, 2);						-- Year first for legacy citations and for YMD dates that require disambiguation

		if #c &gt; 0 then															-- if there is a contributor list
			namelist_t = c;														-- select it
		elseif #a &gt; 0 then														-- or an author list
			namelist_t = a;
		elseif #e &gt; 0 then														-- or an editor list
			namelist_t = e;
		end
		local citeref_id;
		if #namelist_t &gt; 0 then													-- if there are names in namelist_t
			citeref_id = make_citeref_id (namelist_t, year);					-- go make the CITEREF anchor
			if mw.uri.anchorEncode (citeref_id) == ((Ref and mw.uri.anchorEncode (Ref)) or '') then	-- Ref may already be encoded (by {{sfnref}}) so citeref_id must be encoded before comparison
				utilities.set_message ('maint_ref_duplicates_default');
			end
		else
			citeref_id = '';													-- unset
		end
		options_t.id = Ref or citeref_id;
	end

	if string.len (text:gsub('%b&lt;&gt;', '')) &lt;= 2 then								-- remove html and html-like tags; then get length of what remains; 
		z.error_cats_t = {};													-- blank the categories list
		z.error_msgs_t = {};													-- blank the error messages list
		OCinSoutput = nil;														-- blank the metadata string
		text = '';																-- blank the the citation
		utilities.set_message ('err_empty_citation');							-- set empty citation message and category
	end
	
	local render_t = {};														-- here we collect the final bits for concatenation into the rendered citation

	if utilities.is_set (options_t.id) then										-- here we wrap the rendered citation in &lt;cite ...&gt;...&lt;/cite&gt; tags
		table.insert (render_t, utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['cite-id'], {mw.uri.anchorEncode(options_t.id), mw.text.nowiki(options_t.class), text}));	-- when |ref= is set or when there is a namelist
	else
		table.insert (render_t, utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['cite'], {mw.text.nowiki(options_t.class), text}));	-- when |ref=none or when namelist_t empty and |ref= is missing or is empty
	end		

	if OCinSoutput then															-- blanked when citation is 'empty' so don't bother to add boilerplate metadata span
		table.insert (render_t, utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['ocins'], OCinSoutput));	-- format and append metadata to the citation
	end

	local template_name = ('citation' == config.CitationClass) and 'citation' or 'cite ' .. (cfg.citation_class_map_t[config.CitationClass] or config.CitationClass);
	local template_link = '[[Template:' .. template_name .. '|' .. template_name .. ']]';
	local msg_prefix = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;{{' .. template_link .. '}}&lt;/code&gt;: ';

	if 0 ~= #z.error_msgs_t then
		mw.addWarning (utilities.substitute (cfg.messages.warning_msg_e, template_link));

		table.insert (render_t, ' ');											-- insert a space between citation and its error messages
		table.sort (z.error_msgs_t);											-- sort the error messages list; sorting includes wrapping &lt;span&gt; and &lt;code&gt; tags; hidden-error sorts ahead of visible-error

		local hidden = true;													-- presume that the only error messages emited by this template are hidden
		for _, v in ipairs (z.error_msgs_t) do									-- spin through the list of error messages
			if v:find ('cs1-visible-error', 1, true) then						-- look for the visible error class name
				hidden = false;													-- found one; so don't hide the error message prefix
				break;															-- and done because no need to look further
			end
		end

		z.error_msgs_t[1] = table.concat ({utilities.error_comment (msg_prefix, hidden), z.error_msgs_t[1]});	-- add error message prefix to first error message to prevent extraneous punctuation
		table.insert (render_t, table.concat (z.error_msgs_t, '; '));			-- make a big string of error messages and add it to the rendering
	end

	if 0 ~= #z.maint_cats_t then
		mw.addWarning (utilities.substitute (cfg.messages.warning_msg_m, template_link));

		table.sort (z.maint_cats_t);											-- sort the maintenance messages list

		local maint_msgs_t = {};												-- here we collect all of the maint messages

		if 0 == #z.error_msgs_t then											-- if no error messages
			table.insert (maint_msgs_t, msg_prefix);							-- insert message prefix in maint message livery
		end
		
		for _, v in ipairs( z.maint_cats_t ) do									-- append maintenance categories
			table.insert (maint_msgs_t, 										-- assemble new maint message and add it to the maint_msgs_t table
				table.concat ({v, ' (', utilities.substitute (cfg.messages[':cat wikilink'], v), ')'})
				);
		end
		table.insert (render_t, utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['hidden-maint'], table.concat (maint_msgs_t, ' ')));	-- wrap the group of maint messages with proper presentation and save
	end

	if not no_tracking_cats then
		local sort_key;
		local cat_wikilink = 'cat wikilink';
		if cfg.enable_sort_keys then											-- when namespace sort keys enabled
			local namespace_number = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace;		-- get namespace number for this wikitext
			sort_key = (0 ~= namespace_number and (cfg.name_space_sort_keys[namespace_number] or cfg.name_space_sort_keys.other)) or nil;	-- get sort key character; nil for mainspace
			cat_wikilink = (not sort_key and 'cat wikilink') or 'cat wikilink sk';	-- make &lt;cfg.messages&gt; key
		end				

		for _, v in ipairs (z.error_cats_t) do									-- append error categories
			table.insert (render_t, utilities.substitute (cfg.messages[cat_wikilink], {v, sort_key}));
		end
		for _, v in ipairs (z.maint_cats_t) do									-- append maintenance categories
			table.insert (render_t, utilities.substitute (cfg.messages[cat_wikilink], {v, sort_key}));
		end

		for _, v in ipairs (z.prop_cats_t) do									-- append properties categories
			table.insert (render_t, utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['cat wikilink'], v));	-- no sort keys
		end
	end

	return table.concat (render_t);												-- make a big string and done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; V A L I D A T E &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

Looks for a parameter's name in one of several whitelists.

Parameters in the whitelist can have three values:
	true - active, supported parameters
	false - deprecated, supported parameters
	nil - unsupported parameters
	
]]

local function validate (name, cite_class, empty)
	local name = tostring (name);
	local enum_name;															-- parameter name with enumerator (if any) replaced with '#'
	local state;
	local function state_test (state, name)										-- local function to do testing of state values
		if true == state then return true; end									-- valid actively supported parameter
		if false == state then
			if empty then return nil; end										-- empty deprecated parameters are treated as unknowns
			deprecated_parameter (name);										-- parameter is deprecated but still supported
			return true;
		end
		if 'tracked' == state then
			local base_name = name:gsub ('%d', '');								-- strip enumerators from parameter names that have them to get the base name
			utilities.add_prop_cat ('tracked-param', {base_name}, base_name);	-- add a properties category; &lt;base_name&gt; modifies &lt;key&gt;
			return true;
		end
		return nil;
	end		

	if name:find ('#') then														-- # is a cs1|2 reserved character so parameters with # not permitted
		return nil;
	end
																				-- replace enumerator digit(s) with # (|last25= becomes |last#=) (mw.ustring because non-Western 'local' digits)
	enum_name = mw.ustring.gsub (name, '%d+$', '#');							-- where enumerator is last charaters in parameter name (these to protect |s2cid=)
	enum_name = mw.ustring.gsub (enum_name, '%d+([%-l])', '#%1');				-- where enumerator is in the middle of the parameter name; |author#link= is the oddity

	if 'document' == cite_class then											-- special case for {{cite document}}
		state = whitelist.document_parameters_t[enum_name];						-- this list holds enumerated and nonenumerated parameters
		if true == state_test (state, name) then return true; end
		
		return false;
	end

	if utilities.in_array (cite_class, whitelist.preprint_template_list_t) then	-- limited parameter sets allowed for these templates
		state = whitelist.limited_parameters_t[enum_name];						-- this list holds enumerated and nonenumerated parameters
		if true == state_test (state, name) then return true; end

		state = whitelist.preprint_arguments_t[cite_class][name];				-- look in the parameter-list for the template identified by cite_class
		if true == state_test (state, name) then return true; end

		return false;															-- not supported because not found or name is set to nil
	end																			-- end limited parameter-set templates

	if utilities.in_array (cite_class, whitelist.unique_param_template_list_t) then 	-- template-specific parameters for templates that accept parameters from the basic argument list
		state = whitelist.unique_arguments_t[cite_class][name];					-- look in the template-specific parameter-lists for the template identified by cite_class
		if true == state_test (state, name) then return true; end
	end																			-- if here, fall into general validation

	state = whitelist.common_parameters_t[enum_name];							-- all other templates; all normal parameters allowed; this list holds enumerated and nonenumerated parameters
	if true == state_test (state, name) then return true; end

	return false;																-- not supported because not found or name is set to nil
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I N T E R _ W I K I _ C H E C K &gt;----------------------------------------------

check &lt;value&gt; for inter-language interwiki-link markup.  &lt;prefix&gt; must be a MediaWiki-recognized language
code.  when these values have the form (without leading colon):
	[[&lt;prefix&gt;:link|label]] return label as plain-text
	[[&lt;prefix&gt;:link]] return &lt;prefix&gt;:link as plain-text

return value as is else

]=]

local function inter_wiki_check (parameter, value)
	local prefix = value:match ('%[%[(%a+):');									-- get an interwiki prefix if one exists
	local _;
	
	if prefix and cfg.inter_wiki_map[prefix:lower()] then						-- if prefix is in the map, needs preceding colon so
		utilities.set_message ('err_bad_paramlink', parameter);					-- emit an error message
		_, value, _ = utilities.is_wikilink (value);							-- extract label portion from wikilink
	end
	return value;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; M I S S I N G _ P I P E _ C H E C K &gt;------------------------------------------

Look at the contents of a parameter. If the content has a string of characters and digits followed by an equal
sign, compare the alphanumeric string to the list of cs1|2 parameters.  If found, then the string is possibly a
parameter that is missing its pipe.  There are two tests made:
	{{cite ... |title=Title access-date=2016-03-17}}	-- the first parameter has a value and whitespace separates that value from the missing pipe parameter name
	{{cite ... |title=access-date=2016-03-17}}			-- the first parameter has no value (whitespace after the first = is trimmed by MediaWiki)
cs1|2 shares some parameter names with XML/HTML attributes: class=, title=, etc.  To prevent false positives XML/HTML
tags are removed before the search.

If a missing pipe is detected, this function adds the missing pipe maintenance category.

]]

local function missing_pipe_check (parameter, value)
	local capture;
	value = value:gsub ('%b&lt;&gt;', '');											-- remove XML/HTML tags because attributes: class=, title=, etc.

	capture = value:match ('%s+(%a[%w%-]+)%s*=') or value:match ('^(%a[%w%-]+)%s*=');	-- find and categorize parameters with possible missing pipes
	if capture and validate (capture) then										-- if the capture is a valid parameter name
		utilities.set_message ('err_missing_pipe', parameter);
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; H A S _ E X T R A N E O U S _ P U N C T &gt;--------------------------------------

look for extraneous terminal punctuation in most parameter values; parameters listed in skip table are not checked

]]

local function has_extraneous_punc (param, value)
	if 'number' == type (param) then
		return;
	end
	
	param = param:gsub ('%d+', '#');											-- enumerated name-list mask params allow terminal punct; normalize 
	if cfg.punct_skip[param] then
		return;																	-- parameter name found in the skip table so done
	end
	
	if value:match ('[,;:]$') then
		utilities.set_message ('maint_extra_punct');							-- has extraneous punctuation; add maint cat
	end
	if value:match ('^=') then													-- sometimes an extraneous '=' character appears ...
		utilities.set_message ('maint_extra_punct');							-- has extraneous punctuation; add maint cat
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; H A S _ E X T R A N E O U S _ U R L &gt;------------------------------------------

look for extraneous url parameter values; parameters listed in skip table are not checked

]]

local function has_extraneous_url (url_param_t)
	local url_error_t = {};
	
	check_for_url (url_param_t, url_error_t);									-- extraneous url check
	if 0 ~= #url_error_t then													-- non-zero when there are errors
		table.sort (url_error_t);
		utilities.set_message ('err_param_has_ext_link', {utilities.make_sep_list (#url_error_t, url_error_t)});	-- add this error message
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C I T A T I O N &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

This is used by templates such as {{cite book}} to create the actual citation text.

]]

local function citation(frame)
	Frame = frame;																-- save a copy in case we need to display an error message in preview mode

	local config = {};															-- table to store parameters from the module {{#invoke:}}
	for k, v in pairs( frame.args ) do											-- get parameters from the {{#invoke}} frame
		config[k] = v;
	--	args[k] = v;															-- crude debug support that allows us to render a citation from module {{#invoke:}}; skips parameter validation; TODO: keep?
	end	
																				-- i18n: set the name that your wiki uses to identify sandbox subpages from sandbox template invoke (or can be set here)
	local sandbox = ((config.SandboxPath and '' ~= config.SandboxPath) and config.SandboxPath) or '/sandbox';	-- sandbox path from {{#invoke:Citation/CS1/sandbox|citation|SandboxPath=/...}}
	is_sandbox = nil ~= string.find (frame:getTitle(), sandbox, 1, true);		-- is this invoke the sandbox module?
	sandbox = is_sandbox and sandbox or '';										-- use i18n sandbox to load sandbox modules when this module is the sandox; live modules else

	local pframe = frame:getParent()
	local styles;
	
	cfg = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration' .. sandbox);			-- load sandbox versions of support modules when {{#invoke:Citation/CS1/sandbox|...}}; live modules else
	whitelist = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist' .. sandbox);
	utilities = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities' .. sandbox);
	validation = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation' .. sandbox);
	identifiers = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers' .. sandbox);
	metadata = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/COinS' .. sandbox);
	styles = 'Module:Citation/CS1' .. sandbox .. '/styles.css';

	utilities.set_selected_modules (cfg);										-- so that functions in Utilities can see the selected cfg tables
	identifiers.set_selected_modules (cfg, utilities);							-- so that functions in Identifiers can see the selected cfg tables and selected Utilities module
	validation.set_selected_modules (cfg, utilities);							-- so that functions in Date validataion can see selected cfg tables and the selected Utilities module
	metadata.set_selected_modules (cfg, utilities);								-- so that functions in COinS can see the selected cfg tables and selected Utilities module

	z = utilities.z;															-- table of error and category tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities

	is_preview_mode = not utilities.is_set (frame:preprocess ('{{REVISIONID}}'));

	local args = {};															-- table where we store all of the template's arguments
	local suggestions = {};														-- table where we store suggestions if we need to loadData them
	local error_text;															-- used as a flag

	local capture;																-- the single supported capture when matching unknown parameters using patterns
	local empty_unknowns = {};													-- sequence table to hold empty unknown params for error message listing
	for k, v in pairs( pframe.args ) do											-- get parameters from the parent (template) frame
		v = mw.ustring.gsub (v, '^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1');							-- trim leading/trailing whitespace; when v is only whitespace, becomes empty string
		if v ~= '' then
			if ('string' == type (k)) then
				k = mw.ustring.gsub (k, '%d', cfg.date_names.local_digits);		-- for enumerated parameters, translate 'local' digits to Western 0-9
			end
			if not validate( k, config.CitationClass ) then			
				if type (k) ~= 'string' then									-- exclude empty numbered parameters
					if v:match(&quot;%S+&quot;) ~= nil then
						error_text = utilities.set_message ('err_text_ignored', {v});
					end
				elseif validate (k:lower(), config.CitationClass) then 
					error_text = utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored_suggest', {k, k:lower()});	-- suggest the lowercase version of the parameter
				else
					if nil == suggestions.suggestions then						-- if this table is nil then we need to load it
						suggestions = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions' .. sandbox);	--load sandbox version of suggestion module when {{#invoke:Citation/CS1/sandbox|...}}; live module else
					end
					for pattern, param in pairs (suggestions.patterns) do		-- loop through the patterns to see if we can suggest a proper parameter
						capture = k:match (pattern);							-- the whole match if no capture in pattern else the capture if a match
						if capture then											-- if the pattern matches 
							param = utilities.substitute (param, capture);		-- add the capture to the suggested parameter (typically the enumerator)
							if validate (param, config.CitationClass) then		-- validate the suggestion to make sure that the suggestion is supported by this template (necessary for limited parameter lists)
								error_text = utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored_suggest', {k, param});	-- set the suggestion error message
							else
								error_text = utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored', {k});	-- suggested param not supported by this template
								v = '';											-- unset
							end
						end
					end
					if not utilities.is_set (error_text) then					-- couldn't match with a pattern, is there an explicit suggestion?						
						if (suggestions.suggestions[ k:lower() ] ~= nil) and validate (suggestions.suggestions[ k:lower() ], config.CitationClass) then
							utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored_suggest', {k, suggestions.suggestions[ k:lower() ]});
						else
							utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored', {k});
							v = '';												-- unset value assigned to unrecognized parameters (this for the limited parameter lists)
						end
					end
				end				  
			end

			args[k] = v;														-- save this parameter and its value

		elseif not utilities.is_set (v) then									-- for empty parameters
			if not validate (k, config.CitationClass, true) then				-- is this empty parameter a valid parameter
				k = ('' == k) and '(empty string)' or k;						-- when k is empty string (or was space(s) trimmed to empty string), replace with descriptive text
				table.insert (empty_unknowns, utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', k));	-- format for error message and add to the list
			end
																				-- crude debug support that allows us to render a citation from module {{#invoke:}} TODO: keep?
	--	elseif args[k] ~= nil or (k == 'postscript') then						-- when args[k] has a value from {{#invoke}} frame (we don't normally do that)
	--		args[k] = v;														-- overwrite args[k] with empty string from pframe.args[k] (template frame); v is empty string here
		end																		-- not sure about the postscript bit; that gets handled in parameter validation; historical artifact?
	end	

	if 0 ~= #empty_unknowns then												-- create empty unknown error message
		utilities.set_message ('err_param_unknown_empty', {
			1 == #empty_unknowns and '' or 's',
			utilities.make_sep_list (#empty_unknowns, empty_unknowns)
			});
	end

	local url_param_t = {};

	for k, v in pairs( args ) do
		if 'string' == type (k) then											-- don't evaluate positional parameters
			has_invisible_chars (k, v);											-- look for invisible characters
		end
		has_extraneous_punc (k, v);												-- look for extraneous terminal punctuation in parameter values
		missing_pipe_check (k, v);												-- do we think that there is a parameter that is missing a pipe?
		args[k] = inter_wiki_check (k, v);										-- when language interwiki-linked parameter missing leading colon replace with wiki-link label

		if 'string' == type (k) and not cfg.url_skip[k] then					-- when parameter k is not positional and not in url skip table
			url_param_t[k] = v;													-- make a parameter/value list for extraneous url check
		end
	end

	has_extraneous_url (url_param_t);											-- look for url in parameter values where a url does not belong

	return table.concat ({
		frame:extensionTag ('templatestyles', '', {src=styles}),
		citation0( config, args)
	});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T E D   F U N C T I O N S &gt;------------------------------------------
]]

return {citation = citation};</text>
      <sha1>7sahwn7umrpjn8voh7tpvtm2yhs02x8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>模組:citation/CS1</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>821</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12516</id>
      <timestamp>2024-07-15T08:27:50Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>42.119.242.132</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「require ('strict');  --[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;--------------------------------------  each of these counts against the Lua upvalue limit  ]]  local validation;																-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation  local utilities;																-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities local z = {};																	-- table of tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities  local identifiers;…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12516</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="226159" sha1="7sahwn7umrpjn8voh7tpvtm2yhs02x8" xml:space="preserve">require ('strict');

--[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;--------------------------------------

each of these counts against the Lua upvalue limit

]]

local validation;																-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation

local utilities;																-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities
local z = {};																	-- table of tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities

local identifiers;																-- functions and tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers
local metadata;																	-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/COinS
local cfg = {};																	-- table of configuration tables that are defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration
local whitelist = {};															-- table of tables listing valid template parameter names; defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist


--[[------------------&lt; P A G E   S C O P E   V A R I A B L E S &gt;---------------

declare variables here that have page-wide scope that are not brought in from
other modules; that are created here and used here

]]

local added_deprecated_cat;														-- Boolean flag so that the category is added only once
local added_vanc_errs;															-- Boolean flag so we only emit one Vancouver error / category
local added_generic_name_errs;													-- Boolean flag so we only emit one generic name error / category and stop testing names once an error is encountered
local added_numeric_name_errs;													-- Boolean flag so we only emit one numeric name error / category and stop testing names once an error is encountered
local added_numeric_name_maint;													-- Boolean flag so we only emit one numeric name maint category and stop testing names once a category has been emitted
local Frame;																	-- holds the module's frame table
local is_preview_mode;															-- true when article is in preview mode; false when using 'Preview page with this template' (previewing the module)
local is_sandbox;																-- true when using sandbox modules to render citation


--[[--------------------------&lt; F I R S T _ S E T &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

Locates and returns the first set value in a table of values where the order established in the table,
left-to-right (or top-to-bottom), is the order in which the values are evaluated.  Returns nil if none are set.

This version replaces the original 'for _, val in pairs do' and a similar version that used ipairs.  With the pairs
version the order of evaluation could not be guaranteed.  With the ipairs version, a nil value would terminate
the for-loop before it reached the actual end of the list.

]]

local function first_set (list, count)
	local i = 1;
	while i &lt;= count do															-- loop through all items in list
		if utilities.is_set( list[i] ) then
			return list[i];														-- return the first set list member
		end
		i = i + 1;																-- point to next
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; A D D _ V A N C _ E R R O R &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Adds a single Vancouver system error message to the template's output regardless of how many error actually exist.
To prevent duplication, added_vanc_errs is nil until an error message is emitted.

added_vanc_errs is a Boolean declared in page scope variables above

]]

local function add_vanc_error (source, position)
	if added_vanc_errs then return end
		
	added_vanc_errs = true;														-- note that we've added this category
	utilities.set_message ('err_vancouver', {source, position});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ S C H E M E &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

does this thing that purports to be a URI scheme seem to be a valid scheme?  The scheme is checked to see if it
is in agreement with http://tools.ietf.org/html/std66#section-3.1 which says:
	Scheme names consist of a sequence of characters beginning with a
   letter and followed by any combination of letters, digits, plus
   (&quot;+&quot;), period (&quot;.&quot;), or hyphen (&quot;-&quot;).

returns true if it does, else false

]]

local function is_scheme (scheme)
	return scheme and scheme:match ('^%a[%a%d%+%.%-]*:');						-- true if scheme is set and matches the pattern
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I S _ D O M A I N _ N A M E &gt;--------------------------------------------------

Does this thing that purports to be a domain name seem to be a valid domain name?

Syntax defined here: http://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc1034#section-3.5
BNF defined here: https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc4234
Single character names are generally reserved; see https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-dnsind-iana-dns-01#page-15;
	see also [[Single-letter second-level domain]]
list of TLDs: https://www.iana.org/domains/root/db

RFC 952 (modified by RFC 1123) requires the first and last character of a hostname to be a letter or a digit.  Between
the first and last characters the name may use letters, digits, and the hyphen.

Also allowed are IPv4 addresses. IPv6 not supported

domain is expected to be stripped of any path so that the last character in the last character of the TLD.  tld
is two or more alpha characters.  Any preceding '//' (from splitting a URL with a scheme) will be stripped
here.  Perhaps not necessary but retained in case it is necessary for IPv4 dot decimal.

There are several tests:
	the first character of the whole domain name including subdomains must be a letter or a digit
	internationalized domain name (ASCII characters with .xn-- ASCII Compatible Encoding (ACE) prefix xn-- in the TLD) see https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc3490
	single-letter/digit second-level domains in the .org, .cash, and .today TLDs
	q, x, and z SL domains in the .com TLD
	i and q SL domains in the .net TLD
	single-letter SL domains in the ccTLDs (where the ccTLD is two letters)
	two-character SL domains in gTLDs (where the gTLD is two or more letters)
	three-plus-character SL domains in gTLDs (where the gTLD is two or more letters)
	IPv4 dot-decimal address format; TLD not allowed

returns true if domain appears to be a proper name and TLD or IPv4 address, else false

]=]

local function is_domain_name (domain)
	if not domain then
		return false;															-- if not set, abandon
	end
	
	domain = domain:gsub ('^//', '');											-- strip '//' from domain name if present; done here so we only have to do it once
	
	if not domain:match ('^[%w]') then											-- first character must be letter or digit
		return false;
	end

	if domain:match ('^%a+:') then												-- hack to detect things that look like s:Page:Title where Page: is namespace at Wikisource
		return false;
	end

	local patterns = {															-- patterns that look like URLs
		'%f[%w][%w][%w%-]+[%w]%.%a%a+$',										-- three or more character hostname.hostname or hostname.tld
		'%f[%w][%w][%w%-]+[%w]%.xn%-%-[%w]+$',									-- internationalized domain name with ACE prefix
		'%f[%a][qxz]%.com$',													-- assigned one character .com hostname (x.com times out 2015-12-10)
		'%f[%a][iq]%.net$',														-- assigned one character .net hostname (q.net registered but not active 2015-12-10)
		'%f[%w][%w]%.%a%a$',													-- one character hostname and ccTLD (2 chars)
		'%f[%w][%w][%w]%.%a%a+$',												-- two character hostname and TLD
		'^%d%d?%d?%.%d%d?%d?%.%d%d?%d?%.%d%d?%d?',								-- IPv4 address
		}

	for _, pattern in ipairs (patterns) do										-- loop through the patterns list
		if domain:match (pattern) then
			return true;														-- if a match then we think that this thing that purports to be a URL is a URL
		end
	end

	for _, d in ipairs (cfg.single_letter_2nd_lvl_domains_t) do					-- look for single letter second level domain names for these top level domains
		if domain:match ('%f[%w][%w]%.' .. d) then
			return true
		end
	end
	return false;																-- no matches, we don't know what this thing is
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ U R L &gt;------------------------------------------------------------------

returns true if the scheme and domain parts of a URL appear to be a valid URL; else false.

This function is the last step in the validation process.  This function is separate because there are cases that
are not covered by split_url(), for example is_parameter_ext_wikilink() which is looking for bracketted external
wikilinks.

]]

local function is_url (scheme, domain)
	if utilities.is_set (scheme) then											-- if scheme is set check it and domain
		return is_scheme (scheme) and is_domain_name (domain);
	else
		return is_domain_name (domain);											-- scheme not set when URL is protocol-relative
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S P L I T _ U R L &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

Split a URL into a scheme, authority indicator, and domain.

First remove Fully Qualified Domain Name terminator (a dot following TLD) (if any) and any path(/), query(?) or fragment(#).

If protocol-relative URL, return nil scheme and domain else return nil for both scheme and domain.

When not protocol-relative, get scheme, authority indicator, and domain.  If there is an authority indicator (one
or more '/' characters immediately following the scheme's colon), make sure that there are only 2.

Any URL that does not have news: scheme must have authority indicator (//).  TODO: are there other common schemes
like news: that don't use authority indicator?

Strip off any port and path;

]]

local function split_url (url_str)
	local scheme, authority, domain;
	
	url_str = url_str:gsub ('([%a%d])%.?[/%?#].*$', '%1');						-- strip FQDN terminator and path(/), query(?), fragment (#) (the capture prevents false replacement of '//')

	if url_str:match ('^//%S*') then											-- if there is what appears to be a protocol-relative URL
		domain = url_str:match ('^//(%S*)')
	elseif url_str:match ('%S-:/*%S+') then										-- if there is what appears to be a scheme, optional authority indicator, and domain name
		scheme, authority, domain = url_str:match ('(%S-:)(/*)(%S+)');			-- extract the scheme, authority indicator, and domain portions
		if utilities.is_set (authority) then
			authority = authority:gsub ('//', '', 1);							-- replace place 1 pair of '/' with nothing;
			if utilities.is_set(authority) then									-- if anything left (1 or 3+ '/' where authority should be) then
				return scheme;													-- return scheme only making domain nil which will cause an error message
			end
		else
			if not scheme:match ('^news:') then									-- except for news:..., MediaWiki won't link URLs that do not have authority indicator; TODO: a better way to do this test?
				return scheme;													-- return scheme only making domain nil which will cause an error message
			end
		end
		domain = domain:gsub ('(%a):%d+', '%1');								-- strip port number if present
	end
	
	return scheme, domain;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L I N K _ P A R A M _ O K &gt;---------------------------------------------------

checks the content of |title-link=, |series-link=, |author-link=, etc. for properly formatted content: no wikilinks, no URLs

Link parameters are to hold the title of a Wikipedia article, so none of the WP:TITLESPECIALCHARACTERS are allowed:
	# &lt; &gt; [ ] | { } _
except the underscore which is used as a space in wiki URLs and # which is used for section links

returns false when the value contains any of these characters.

When there are no illegal characters, this function returns TRUE if value DOES NOT appear to be a valid URL (the
|&lt;param&gt;-link= parameter is ok); else false when value appears to be a valid URL (the |&lt;param&gt;-link= parameter is NOT ok).

]]

local function link_param_ok (value)
	local scheme, domain;
	if value:find ('[&lt;&gt;%[%]|{}]') then											-- if any prohibited characters
		return false;
	end

	scheme, domain = split_url (value);											-- get scheme or nil and domain or nil from URL; 
	return not is_url (scheme, domain);											-- return true if value DOES NOT appear to be a valid URL
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L I N K _ T I T L E _ O K &gt;---------------------------------------------------

Use link_param_ok() to validate |&lt;param&gt;-link= value and its matching |&lt;title&gt;= value.

|&lt;title&gt;= may be wiki-linked but not when |&lt;param&gt;-link= has a value.  This function emits an error message when
that condition exists

check &lt;link&gt; for inter-language interwiki-link prefix.  prefix must be a MediaWiki-recognized language
code and must begin with a colon.

]]

local function link_title_ok (link, lorig, title, torig)
	local orig;
	if utilities.is_set (link) then 											-- don't bother if &lt;param&gt;-link doesn't have a value
		if not link_param_ok (link) then										-- check |&lt;param&gt;-link= markup
			orig = lorig;														-- identify the failing link parameter
		elseif title:find ('%[%[') then											-- check |title= for wikilink markup
			orig = torig;														-- identify the failing |title= parameter
		elseif link:match ('^%a+:') then										-- if the link is what looks like an interwiki
			local prefix = link:match ('^(%a+):'):lower();						-- get the interwiki prefix

			if cfg.inter_wiki_map[prefix] then									-- if prefix is in the map, must have preceding colon
				orig = lorig;													-- flag as error
			end
		end
	end

	if utilities.is_set (orig) then
		link = '';																-- unset
		utilities.set_message ('err_bad_paramlink', orig);						-- URL or wikilink in |title= with |title-link=;
	end
	
	return link;																-- link if ok, empty string else
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C H E C K _ U R L &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

Determines whether a URL string appears to be valid.

First we test for space characters.  If any are found, return false.  Then split the URL into scheme and domain
portions, or for protocol-relative (//example.com) URLs, just the domain.  Use is_url() to validate the two
portions of the URL.  If both are valid, or for protocol-relative if domain is valid, return true, else false.

Because it is different from a standard URL, and because this module used external_link() to make external links
that work for standard and news: links, we validate newsgroup names here.  The specification for a newsgroup name
is at https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc5536#section-3.1.4

]]

local function check_url( url_str )
	if nil == url_str:match (&quot;^%S+$&quot;) then										-- if there are any spaces in |url=value it can't be a proper URL
		return false;
	end
	local scheme, domain;

	scheme, domain = split_url (url_str);										-- get scheme or nil and domain or nil from URL;
	
	if 'news:' == scheme then													-- special case for newsgroups
		return domain:match('^[%a%d%+%-_]+%.[%a%d%+%-_%.]*[%a%d%+%-_]$');
	end
	
	return is_url (scheme, domain);												-- return true if value appears to be a valid URL
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I S _ P A R A M E T E R _ E X T _ W I K I L I N K &gt;----------------------------

Return true if a parameter value has a string that begins and ends with square brackets [ and ] and the first
non-space characters following the opening bracket appear to be a URL.  The test will also find external wikilinks
that use protocol-relative URLs. Also finds bare URLs.

The frontier pattern prevents a match on interwiki-links which are similar to scheme:path URLs.  The tests that
find bracketed URLs are required because the parameters that call this test (currently |title=, |chapter=, |work=,
and |publisher=) may have wikilinks and there are articles or redirects like '//Hus' so, while uncommon, |title=[[//Hus]]
is possible as might be [[en://Hus]].

]=]

local function is_parameter_ext_wikilink (value)
local scheme, domain;

	if value:match ('%f[%[]%[%a%S*:%S+.*%]') then								-- if ext. wikilink with scheme and domain: [xxxx://yyyyy.zzz]
		scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('%f[%[]%[(%a%S*:%S+).*%]'));
	elseif value:match ('%f[%[]%[//%S+.*%]') then								-- if protocol-relative ext. wikilink: [//yyyyy.zzz]
		scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('%f[%[]%[(//%S+).*%]'));
	elseif value:match ('%a%S*:%S+') then										-- if bare URL with scheme; may have leading or trailing plain text
		scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('(%a%S*:%S+)'));
	elseif value:match ('//%S+') then											-- if protocol-relative bare URL: //yyyyy.zzz; may have leading or trailing plain text
		scheme, domain = split_url (value:match ('(//%S+)'));					-- what is left should be the domain
	else
		return false;															-- didn't find anything that is obviously a URL
	end

	return is_url (scheme, domain);												-- return true if value appears to be a valid URL
end


--[[-------------------------&lt; C H E C K _ F O R _ U R L &gt;-----------------------------------------------------

loop through a list of parameters and their values.  Look at the value and if it has an external link, emit an error message.

]]

local function check_for_url (parameter_list, error_list)
	for k, v in pairs (parameter_list) do										-- for each parameter in the list
		if is_parameter_ext_wikilink (v) then									-- look at the value; if there is a URL add an error message
			table.insert (error_list, utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', k));
		end
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S A F E _ F O R _ U R L &gt;------------------------------------------------------

Escape sequences for content that will be used for URL descriptions

]]

local function safe_for_url( str )
	if str:match( &quot;%[%[.-%]%]&quot; ) ~= nil then 
		utilities.set_message ('err_wikilink_in_url', {});
	end
	
	return str:gsub( '[%[%]\n]', {	
		['['] = '&amp;#91;',
		[']'] = '&amp;#93;',
		['\n'] = ' ' } );
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X T E R N A L _ L I N K &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Format an external link with error checking

]]

local function external_link (URL, label, source, access)
	local err_msg = '';
	local domain;
	local path;
	local base_url;

	if not utilities.is_set (label) then
		label = URL;
		if utilities.is_set (source) then
			utilities.set_message ('err_bare_url_missing_title', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', source)});
		else
			error (cfg.messages[&quot;bare_url_no_origin&quot;]);							-- programmer error; valid parameter name does not have matching meta-parameter
		end			
	end
	if not check_url (URL) then
		utilities.set_message ('err_bad_url', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', source)});
	end
	
	domain, path = URL:match ('^([/%.%-%+:%a%d]+)([/%?#].*)$');					-- split the URL into scheme plus domain and path
	if path then																-- if there is a path portion
		path = path:gsub ('[%[%]]', {['['] = '%5b', [']'] = '%5d'});			-- replace '[' and ']' with their percent-encoded values
		URL = table.concat ({domain, path});									-- and reassemble
	end

	base_url = table.concat ({ &quot;[&quot;, URL, &quot; &quot;, safe_for_url (label), &quot;]&quot; });		-- assemble a wiki-markup URL

	if utilities.is_set (access) then											-- access level (subscription, registration, limited)
		base_url = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['ext-link-access-signal'], {cfg.presentation[access].class, cfg.presentation[access].title, base_url});	-- add the appropriate icon
	end

	return base_url;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; D E P R E C A T E D _ P A R A M E T E R &gt;--------------------------------------

Categorize and emit an error message when the citation contains one or more deprecated parameters.  The function includes the
offending parameter name to the error message.  Only one error message is emitted regardless of the number of deprecated
parameters in the citation.

added_deprecated_cat is a Boolean declared in page scope variables above

]]

local function deprecated_parameter(name)
	if not added_deprecated_cat then
		added_deprecated_cat = true;											-- note that we've added this category
		utilities.set_message ('err_deprecated_params', {name});				-- add error message
	end
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; K E R N _ Q U O T E S &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

Apply kerning to open the space between the quote mark provided by the module and a leading or trailing quote
mark contained in a |title= or |chapter= parameter's value.

This function will positive kern either single or double quotes:
	&quot;'Unkerned title with leading and trailing single quote marks'&quot;
	&quot; 'Kerned title with leading and trailing single quote marks' &quot; (in real life the kerning isn't as wide as this example)
Double single quotes (italic or bold wiki-markup) are not kerned.

Replaces Unicode quote marks in plain text or in the label portion of a [[L|D]] style wikilink with typewriter
quote marks regardless of the need for kerning.  Unicode quote marks are not replaced in simple [[D]] wikilinks.

Call this function for chapter titles, for website titles, etc.; not for book titles.

]=]

local function kern_quotes (str)
	local cap = '';
	local wl_type, label, link;

	wl_type, label, link = utilities.is_wikilink (str);							-- wl_type is: 0, no wl (text in label variable); 1, [[D]]; 2, [[L|D]]
	
	if 1 == wl_type then														-- [[D]] simple wikilink with or without quote marks
		if mw.ustring.match (str, '%[%[[\&quot;“”\'‘’].+[\&quot;“”\'‘’]%]%]') then		-- leading and trailing quote marks
			str = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-left'], str);
			str = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-right'], str);
		elseif mw.ustring.match (str, '%[%[[\&quot;“”\'‘’].+%]%]')	then			-- leading quote marks
			str = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-left'], str);
		elseif mw.ustring.match (str, '%[%[.+[\&quot;“”\'‘’]%]%]') then				-- trailing quote marks
			str = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-right'], str);
		end

	else																		-- plain text or [[L|D]]; text in label variable
		label = mw.ustring.gsub (label, '[“”]', '\&quot;');							-- replace “” (U+201C &amp; U+201D) with &quot; (typewriter double quote mark)
		label = mw.ustring.gsub (label, '[‘’]', '\'');							-- replace ‘’ (U+2018 &amp; U+2019) with ' (typewriter single quote mark)

		cap = mw.ustring.match (label, &quot;^([\&quot;\'][^\'].+)&quot;);						-- match leading double or single quote but not doubled single quotes (italic markup)
		if utilities.is_set (cap) then
			label = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-left'], cap);
		end
	
		cap = mw.ustring.match (label, &quot;^(.+[^\'][\&quot;\'])$&quot;)						-- match trailing double or single quote but not doubled single quotes (italic markup)
		if utilities.is_set (cap) then
			label = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['kern-right'], cap);
		end
		
		if 2 == wl_type then
			str = utilities.make_wikilink (link, label);						-- reassemble the wikilink
		else
			str = label;
		end
	end
	return str;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; F O R M A T _ S C R I P T _ V A L U E &gt;----------------------------------------

|script-title= holds title parameters that are not written in Latin-based scripts: Chinese, Japanese, Arabic, Hebrew, etc. These scripts should
not be italicized and may be written right-to-left.  The value supplied by |script-title= is concatenated onto Title after Title has been wrapped
in italic markup.

Regardless of language, all values provided by |script-title= are wrapped in &lt;bdi&gt;...&lt;/bdi&gt; tags to isolate RTL languages from the English left to right.

|script-title= provides a unique feature.  The value in |script-title= may be prefixed with a two-character ISO 639-1 language code and a colon:
	|script-title=ja:*** *** (where * represents a Japanese character)
Spaces between the two-character code and the colon and the colon and the first script character are allowed:
	|script-title=ja : *** ***
	|script-title=ja: *** ***
	|script-title=ja :*** ***
Spaces preceding the prefix are allowed: |script-title = ja:*** ***

The prefix is checked for validity.  If it is a valid ISO 639-1 language code, the lang attribute (lang=&quot;ja&quot;) is added to the &lt;bdi&gt; tag so that browsers can
know the language the tag contains.  This may help the browser render the script more correctly.  If the prefix is invalid, the lang attribute
is not added.  At this time there is no error message for this condition.

Supports |script-title=, |script-chapter=, |script-&lt;periodical&gt;=

]]

local function format_script_value (script_value, script_param)
	local lang='';																-- initialize to empty string
	local name;
	if script_value:match('^%l%l%l?%s*:') then									-- if first 3 or 4 non-space characters are script language prefix
		lang = script_value:match('^(%l%l%l?)%s*:%s*%S.*');						-- get the language prefix or nil if there is no script
		if not utilities.is_set (lang) then
			utilities.set_message ('err_script_parameter', {script_param, cfg.err_msg_supl['missing title part']});		-- prefix without 'title'; add error message
			return '';															-- script_value was just the prefix so return empty string
		end
																				-- if we get this far we have prefix and script
		name = cfg.lang_tag_remap[lang] or mw.language.fetchLanguageName( lang, cfg.this_wiki_code );	-- get language name so that we can use it to categorize
		if utilities.is_set (name) then											-- is prefix a proper ISO 639-1 language code?
			script_value = script_value:gsub ('^%l+%s*:%s*', '');				-- strip prefix from script
																				-- is prefix one of these language codes?
			if utilities.in_array (lang, cfg.script_lang_codes) then
				utilities.add_prop_cat ('script', {name, lang})
			else
				utilities.set_message ('err_script_parameter', {script_param, cfg.err_msg_supl['unknown language code']});	-- unknown script-language; add error message
			end
			lang = ' lang=&quot;' .. lang .. '&quot; ';									-- convert prefix into a lang attribute
		else
			utilities.set_message ('err_script_parameter', {script_param, cfg.err_msg_supl['invalid language code']});		-- invalid language code; add error message
			lang = '';															-- invalid so set lang to empty string
		end
	else
		utilities.set_message ('err_script_parameter', {script_param, cfg.err_msg_supl['missing prefix']});				-- no language code prefix; add error message
	end
	script_value = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['bdi'], {lang, script_value});	-- isolate in case script is RTL

	return script_value;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S C R I P T _ C O N C A T E N A T E &gt;------------------------------------------

Initially for |title= and |script-title=, this function concatenates those two parameter values after the script
value has been wrapped in &lt;bdi&gt; tags.

]]

local function script_concatenate (title, script, script_param)
	if utilities.is_set (script) then
		script = format_script_value (script, script_param);					-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; returns empty string on error
		if utilities.is_set (script) then
			title = title .. ' ' .. script;										-- concatenate title and script title
		end
	end
	return title;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; W R A P _ M S G &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

Applies additional message text to various parameter values. Supplied string is wrapped using a message_list
configuration taking one argument.  Supports lower case text for {{citation}} templates.  Additional text taken
from citation_config.messages - the reason this function is similar to but separate from wrap_style().

]]

local function wrap_msg (key, str, lower)
	if not utilities.is_set ( str ) then
		return &quot;&quot;;
	end
	if true == lower then
		local msg;
		msg = cfg.messages[key]:lower();										-- set the message to lower case before 
		return utilities.substitute ( msg, str );								-- including template text
	else
		return utilities.substitute ( cfg.messages[key], str );
	end		
end


--[[----------------&lt; W I K I S O U R C E _ U R L _ M A K E &gt;-------------------

Makes a Wikisource URL from Wikisource interwiki-link.  Returns the URL and appropriate
label; nil else.

str is the value assigned to |chapter= (or aliases) or |title= or |title-link=

]]

local function wikisource_url_make (str)
	local wl_type, D, L;
	local ws_url, ws_label;
	local wikisource_prefix = table.concat ({'https://', cfg.this_wiki_code, '.wikisource.org/wiki/'});

	wl_type, D, L = utilities.is_wikilink (str);								-- wl_type is 0 (not a wikilink), 1 (simple wikilink), 2 (complex wikilink)

	if 0 == wl_type then														-- not a wikilink; might be from |title-link=
		str = D:match ('^[Ww]ikisource:(.+)') or D:match ('^[Ss]:(.+)');		-- article title from interwiki link with long-form or short-form namespace
		if utilities.is_set (str) then
			ws_url = table.concat ({											-- build a Wikisource URL
				wikisource_prefix,												-- prefix
				str,															-- article title
				});
			ws_label = str;														-- label for the URL
		end
	elseif 1 == wl_type then													-- simple wikilink: [[Wikisource:ws article]]
		str = D:match ('^[Ww]ikisource:(.+)') or D:match ('^[Ss]:(.+)');		-- article title from interwiki link with long-form or short-form namespace
		if utilities.is_set (str) then
			ws_url = table.concat ({											-- build a Wikisource URL
				wikisource_prefix,												-- prefix
				str,															-- article title
				});
			ws_label = str;														-- label for the URL
		end
	elseif 2 == wl_type then													-- non-so-simple wikilink: [[Wikisource:ws article|displayed text]] ([[L|D]])
		str = L:match ('^[Ww]ikisource:(.+)') or L:match ('^[Ss]:(.+)');		-- article title from interwiki link with long-form or short-form namespace
		if utilities.is_set (str) then
			ws_label = D;														-- get ws article name from display portion of interwiki link
			ws_url = table.concat ({											-- build a Wikisource URL
				wikisource_prefix,												-- prefix
				str,															-- article title without namespace from link portion of wikilink
				});
		end
	end

	if ws_url then
		ws_url = mw.uri.encode (ws_url, 'WIKI');								-- make a usable URL
		ws_url = ws_url:gsub ('%%23', '#');										-- undo percent-encoding of fragment marker
	end

	return ws_url, ws_label, L or D;											-- return proper URL or nil and a label or nil
end


--[[----------------&lt; F O R M A T _ P E R I O D I C A L &gt;-----------------------

Format the three periodical parameters: |script-&lt;periodical&gt;=, |&lt;periodical&gt;=,
and |trans-&lt;periodical&gt;= into a single Periodical meta-parameter.

]]

local function format_periodical (script_periodical, script_periodical_source, periodical, trans_periodical)

	if not utilities.is_set (periodical) then
		periodical = '';														-- to be safe for concatenation
	else
		periodical = utilities.wrap_style ('italic-title', periodical);			-- style 
	end

	periodical = script_concatenate (periodical, script_periodical, script_periodical_source);	-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; must be done after title is wrapped

	if utilities.is_set (trans_periodical) then
		trans_periodical = utilities.wrap_style ('trans-italic-title', trans_periodical);
		if utilities.is_set (periodical) then
			periodical = periodical .. ' ' .. trans_periodical;
		else																	-- here when trans-periodical without periodical or script-periodical
			periodical = trans_periodical;
			utilities.set_message ('err_trans_missing_title', {'periodical'});
		end
	end

	return periodical;
end


--[[------------------&lt; F O R M A T _ C H A P T E R _ T I T L E &gt;---------------

Format the four chapter parameters: |script-chapter=, |chapter=, |trans-chapter=,
and |chapter-url= into a single chapter meta- parameter (chapter_url_source used
for error messages).

]]

local function format_chapter_title (script_chapter, script_chapter_source, chapter, chapter_source, trans_chapter, trans_chapter_source, chapter_url, chapter_url_source, no_quotes, access)
	local ws_url, ws_label, L = wikisource_url_make (chapter);					-- make a wikisource URL and label from a wikisource interwiki link
	if ws_url then
		ws_label = ws_label:gsub ('_', ' ');									-- replace underscore separators with space characters
		chapter = ws_label;
	end

	if not utilities.is_set (chapter) then
		chapter = '';															-- to be safe for concatenation
	else
		if false == no_quotes then
			chapter = kern_quotes (chapter);									-- if necessary, separate chapter title's leading and trailing quote marks from module provided quote marks
			chapter = utilities.wrap_style ('quoted-title', chapter);
		end
	end

	chapter = script_concatenate (chapter, script_chapter, script_chapter_source);	-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; must be done after title is wrapped

	if utilities.is_set (chapter_url) then
		chapter = external_link (chapter_url, chapter, chapter_url_source, access);	-- adds bare_url_missing_title error if appropriate
	elseif ws_url then
		chapter = external_link (ws_url, chapter .. '&amp;nbsp;', 'ws link in chapter');	-- adds bare_url_missing_title error if appropriate; space char to move icon away from chap text; TODO: better way to do this?
		chapter = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['interwiki-icon'], {cfg.presentation['class-wikisource'], L, chapter});				
	end

	if utilities.is_set (trans_chapter) then
		trans_chapter = utilities.wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', trans_chapter);
		if utilities.is_set (chapter) then
			chapter = chapter .. ' ' .. trans_chapter;
		else																	-- here when trans_chapter without chapter or script-chapter
			chapter = trans_chapter;
			chapter_source = trans_chapter_source:match ('trans%-?(.+)');		-- when no chapter, get matching name from trans-&lt;param&gt;
			utilities.set_message ('err_trans_missing_title', {chapter_source});
		end
	end

	return chapter;
end


--[[----------------&lt; H A S _ I N V I S I B L E _ C H A R S &gt;-------------------

This function searches a parameter's value for non-printable or invisible characters.
The search stops at the first match.

This function will detect the visible replacement character when it is part of the Wikisource.

Detects but ignores nowiki and math stripmarkers.  Also detects other named stripmarkers
(gallery, math, pre, ref) and identifies them with a slightly different error message.
See also coins_cleanup().

Output of this function is an error message that identifies the character or the
Unicode group, or the stripmarker that was detected along with its position (or,
for multi-byte characters, the position of its first byte) in the parameter value.

]]

local function has_invisible_chars (param, v)
	local position = '';														-- position of invisible char or starting position of stripmarker
	local capture;																-- used by stripmarker detection to hold name of the stripmarker
	local stripmarker;															-- boolean set true when a stripmarker is found

	capture = string.match (v, '[%w%p ]*');										-- test for values that are simple ASCII text and bypass other tests if true
	if capture == v then														-- if same there are no Unicode characters
		return;
	end

	for _, invisible_char in ipairs (cfg.invisible_chars) do
		local char_name = invisible_char[1];									-- the character or group name
		local pattern = invisible_char[2];										-- the pattern used to find it
		position, _, capture = mw.ustring.find (v, pattern);					-- see if the parameter value contains characters that match the pattern
		
		if position and (cfg.invisible_defs.zwj == capture) then				-- if we found a zero-width joiner character
			if mw.ustring.find (v, cfg.indic_script) then						-- it's ok if one of the Indic scripts
				position = nil;													-- unset position
			elseif cfg.emoji_t[mw.ustring.codepoint (v, position+1)] then			-- is zwj followed by a character listed in emoji{}?
				position = nil;													-- unset position
			end
		end
		
		if position then
			if 'nowiki' == capture or 'math' == capture or						-- nowiki and math stripmarkers (not an error condition)
				('templatestyles' == capture and utilities.in_array (param, {'id', 'quote'})) then	-- templatestyles stripmarker allowed in these parameters
					stripmarker = true;											-- set a flag
			elseif true == stripmarker and cfg.invisible_defs.del == capture then	-- because stripmakers begin and end with the delete char, assume that we've found one end of a stripmarker
				position = nil;													-- unset
			else
				local err_msg;
				if capture and not (cfg.invisible_defs.del == capture or cfg.invisible_defs.zwj == capture) then
					err_msg = capture .. ' ' .. char_name;
				else
					err_msg = char_name .. ' ' .. 'character';
				end

				utilities.set_message ('err_invisible_char', {err_msg, utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', param), position});	-- add error message
				return;															-- and done with this parameter
			end
		end
	end
end


--[[-------------------&lt; A R G U M E N T _ W R A P P E R &gt;----------------------

Argument wrapper.  This function provides support for argument mapping defined
in the configuration file so that multiple names can be transparently aliased to
single internal variable.

]]

local function argument_wrapper ( args )
	local origin = {};
	
	return setmetatable({
		ORIGIN = function ( self, k )
			local dummy = self[k];												-- force the variable to be loaded.
			return origin[k];
		end
	},
	{
		__index = function ( tbl, k )
			if origin[k] ~= nil then
				return nil;
			end
			
			local args, list, v = args, cfg.aliases[k];
			
			if type( list ) == 'table' then
				v, origin[k] = utilities.select_one ( args, list, 'err_redundant_parameters' );
				if origin[k] == nil then
					origin[k] = '';												-- Empty string, not nil
				end
			elseif list ~= nil then
				v, origin[k] = args[list], list;
			else
				-- maybe let through instead of raising an error?
				-- v, origin[k] = args[k], k;
				error( cfg.messages['unknown_argument_map'] .. ': ' .. k);
			end
			
			-- Empty strings, not nil;
			if v == nil then
				v = '';
				origin[k] = '';
			end
			
			tbl = rawset( tbl, k, v );
			return v;
		end,
	});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; N O W R A P _ D A T E &gt;-------------------------

When date is YYYY-MM-DD format wrap in nowrap span: &lt;span ...&gt;YYYY-MM-DD&lt;/span&gt;.
When date is DD MMMM YYYY or is MMMM DD, YYYY then wrap in nowrap span:
&lt;span ...&gt;DD MMMM&lt;/span&gt; YYYY or &lt;span ...&gt;MMMM DD,&lt;/span&gt; YYYY

DOES NOT yet support MMMM YYYY or any of the date ranges.

]]

local function nowrap_date (date)
	local cap = '';
	local cap2 = '';

	if date:match(&quot;^%d%d%d%d%-%d%d%-%d%d$&quot;) then
		date = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['nowrap1'], date);
	
	elseif date:match(&quot;^%a+%s*%d%d?,%s+%d%d%d%d$&quot;) or date:match (&quot;^%d%d?%s*%a+%s+%d%d%d%d$&quot;) then
		cap, cap2 = string.match (date, &quot;^(.*)%s+(%d%d%d%d)$&quot;);
		date = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['nowrap2'], {cap, cap2});
	end
	
	return date;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E T _ T I T L E T Y P E &gt;---------------------

This function sets default title types (equivalent to the citation including
|type=&lt;default value&gt;) for those templates that have defaults. Also handles the
special case where it is desirable to omit the title type from the rendered citation
(|type=none).

]]

local function set_titletype (cite_class, title_type)
	if utilities.is_set (title_type) then
		if 'none' == cfg.keywords_xlate[title_type] then
			title_type = '';													-- if |type=none then type parameter not displayed
		end
		return title_type;														-- if |type= has been set to any other value use that value
	end

	return cfg.title_types [cite_class] or '';									-- set template's default title type; else empty string for concatenation
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S A F E _ J O I N &gt;-----------------------------

Joins a sequence of strings together while checking for duplicate separation characters.

]]

local function safe_join( tbl, duplicate_char )
	local f = {};																-- create a function table appropriate to type of 'duplicate character'
		if 1 == #duplicate_char then											-- for single byte ASCII characters use the string library functions
			f.gsub = string.gsub
			f.match = string.match
			f.sub = string.sub
		else																	-- for multi-byte characters use the ustring library functions
			f.gsub = mw.ustring.gsub
			f.match = mw.ustring.match
			f.sub = mw.ustring.sub
		end

	local str = '';																-- the output string
	local comp = '';															-- what does 'comp' mean?
	local end_chr = '';
	local trim;
	for _, value in ipairs( tbl ) do
		if value == nil then value = ''; end
		
		if str == '' then														-- if output string is empty
			str = value;														-- assign value to it (first time through the loop)
		elseif value ~= '' then
			if value:sub(1, 1) == '&lt;' then										-- special case of values enclosed in spans and other markup.
				comp = value:gsub( &quot;%b&lt;&gt;&quot;, &quot;&quot; );								-- remove HTML markup (&lt;span&gt;string&lt;/span&gt; -&gt; string)
			else
				comp = value;
			end
																				-- typically duplicate_char is sepc
			if f.sub(comp, 1, 1) == duplicate_char then							-- is first character same as duplicate_char? why test first character?
																				--   Because individual string segments often (always?) begin with terminal punct for the
																				--   preceding segment: 'First element' .. 'sepc next element' .. etc.?
				trim = false;
				end_chr = f.sub(str, -1, -1);									-- get the last character of the output string
				-- str = str .. &quot;&lt;HERE(enchr=&quot; .. end_chr .. &quot;)&quot;				-- debug stuff?
				if end_chr == duplicate_char then								-- if same as separator
					str = f.sub(str, 1, -2);									-- remove it
				elseif end_chr == &quot;'&quot; then										-- if it might be wiki-markup
					if f.sub(str, -3, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot;''&quot; then		-- if last three chars of str are sepc'' 
						str = f.sub(str, 1, -4) .. &quot;''&quot;;						-- remove them and add back ''
					elseif  f.sub(str, -5, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot;]]''&quot; then	-- if last five chars of str are sepc]]'' 
						trim = true;											-- why? why do this and next differently from previous?
					elseif f.sub(str, -4, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot;]''&quot; then	-- if last four chars of str are sepc]'' 
						trim = true;											-- same question
					end
				elseif end_chr == &quot;]&quot; then										-- if it might be wiki-markup
					if f.sub(str, -3, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot;]]&quot; then		-- if last three chars of str are sepc]] wikilink 
						trim = true;
					elseif f.sub(str, -3, -1) == duplicate_char .. '&quot;]' then	-- if last three chars of str are sepc&quot;] quoted external link 
						trim = true;
					elseif  f.sub(str, -2, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot;]&quot; then	-- if last two chars of str are sepc] external link
						trim = true;
					elseif f.sub(str, -4, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot;'']&quot; then	-- normal case when |url=something &amp; |title=Title.
						trim = true;
					end
				elseif end_chr == &quot; &quot; then										-- if last char of output string is a space
					if f.sub(str, -2, -1) == duplicate_char .. &quot; &quot; then			-- if last two chars of str are &lt;sepc&gt;&lt;space&gt;
						str = f.sub(str, 1, -3);								-- remove them both
					end
				end

				if trim then
					if value ~= comp then 										-- value does not equal comp when value contains HTML markup
						local dup2 = duplicate_char;
						if f.match(dup2, &quot;%A&quot; ) then dup2 = &quot;%&quot; .. dup2; end	-- if duplicate_char not a letter then escape it
						
						value = f.gsub(value, &quot;(%b&lt;&gt;)&quot; .. dup2, &quot;%1&quot;, 1 )		-- remove duplicate_char if it follows HTML markup
					else
						value = f.sub(value, 2, -1 );							-- remove duplicate_char when it is first character
					end
				end
			end
			str = str .. value; 												-- add it to the output string
		end
	end
	return str;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ S U F F I X &gt;-----------------------------

returns true if suffix is properly formed Jr, Sr, or ordinal in the range 1–9.
Puncutation not allowed.

]]

local function is_suffix (suffix)
	if utilities.in_array (suffix, {'Jr', 'Sr', 'Jnr', 'Snr', '1st', '2nd', '3rd'}) or suffix:match ('^%dth$') then
		return true;
	end
	return false;
end


--[[--------------------&lt; I S _ G O O D _ V A N C _ N A M E &gt;-------------------

For Vancouver style, author/editor names are supposed to be rendered in Latin
(read ASCII) characters.  When a name uses characters that contain diacritical
marks, those characters are to be converted to the corresponding Latin
character. When a name is written using a non-Latin alphabet or logogram, that
name is to be transliterated into Latin characters. The module doesn't do this
so editors may/must.

This test allows |first= and |last= names to contain any of the letters defined
in the four Unicode Latin character sets
	[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0000.pdf C0 Controls and Basic Latin] 0041–005A, 0061–007A
	[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0080.pdf C1 Controls and Latin-1 Supplement] 00C0–00D6, 00D8–00F6, 00F8–00FF
	[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0100.pdf Latin Extended-A] 0100–017F
	[http://www.unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0180.pdf Latin Extended-B] 0180–01BF, 01C4–024F

|lastn= also allowed to contain hyphens, spaces, and apostrophes.
	(http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35029/)
|firstn= also allowed to contain hyphens, spaces, apostrophes, and periods

This original test:
	if nil == mw.ustring.find (last, &quot;^[A-Za-zÀ-ÖØ-öø-ƿǄ-ɏ%-%s%']*$&quot;)
	or nil == mw.ustring.find (first, &quot;^[A-Za-zÀ-ÖØ-öø-ƿǄ-ɏ%-%s%'%.]+[2-6%a]*$&quot;) then
was written outside of the code editor and pasted here because the code editor
gets confused between character insertion point and cursor position. The test has
been rewritten to use decimal character escape sequence for the individual bytes
of the Unicode characters so that it is not necessary to use an external editor
to maintain this code.

	\195\128-\195\150 – À-Ö (U+00C0–U+00D6 – C0 controls)
	\195\152-\195\182 – Ø-ö (U+00D8-U+00F6 – C0 controls)
	\195\184-\198\191 – ø-ƿ (U+00F8-U+01BF – C0 controls, Latin extended A &amp; B)
	\199\132-\201\143 – Ǆ-ɏ (U+01C4-U+024F – Latin extended B)

]]

local function is_good_vanc_name (last, first, suffix, position)
	if not suffix then
		if first:find ('[,%s]') then											-- when there is a space or comma, might be first name/initials + generational suffix
			first = first:match ('(.-)[,%s]+');									-- get name/initials
			suffix = first:match ('[,%s]+(.+)$');								-- get generational suffix
		end
	end
	if utilities.is_set (suffix) then
		if not is_suffix (suffix) then
			add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl.suffix, position);
			return false;														-- not a name with an appropriate suffix
		end
	end
	if nil == mw.ustring.find (last, &quot;^[A-Za-z\195\128-\195\150\195\152-\195\182\195\184-\198\191\199\132-\201\143\225\184\128-\225\187\191%-%s%']*$&quot;) or
		nil == mw.ustring.find (first, &quot;^[A-Za-z\195\128-\195\150\195\152-\195\182\195\184-\198\191\199\132-\201\143\225\184\128-\225\187\191%-%s%'%.]*$&quot;) then
			add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl['non-Latin char'], position);
			return false;														-- not a string of Latin characters; Vancouver requires Romanization
	end;
	return true;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; R E D U C E _ T O _ I N I T I A L S &gt;------------------------------------------

Attempts to convert names to initials in support of |name-list-style=vanc.  

Names in |firstn= may be separated by spaces or hyphens, or for initials, a period.
See http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35062/.

Vancouver style requires family rank designations (Jr, II, III, etc.) to be rendered
as Jr, 2nd, 3rd, etc.  See http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35085/.
This code only accepts and understands generational suffix in the Vancouver format
because Roman numerals look like, and can be mistaken for, initials.

This function uses ustring functions because firstname initials may be any of the
Unicode Latin characters accepted by is_good_vanc_name ().

]]

local function reduce_to_initials (first, position)
	if first:find (',', 1, true) then
		return first;															-- commas not allowed; abandon
	end

	local name, suffix = mw.ustring.match (first, &quot;^(%u+) ([%dJS][%drndth]+)$&quot;);

	if not name then															-- if not initials and a suffix
		name = mw.ustring.match (first, &quot;^(%u+)$&quot;);								-- is it just initials?
	end

	if name then																-- if first is initials with or without suffix
		if 3 &gt; mw.ustring.len (name) then										-- if one or two initials
			if suffix then														-- if there is a suffix
				if is_suffix (suffix) then										-- is it legitimate?
					return first;												-- one or two initials and a valid suffix so nothing to do
				else
					add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl.suffix, position);			-- one or two initials with invalid suffix so error message
					return first;												-- and return first unmolested
				end
			else
				return first;													-- one or two initials without suffix; nothing to do
			end
		end
	end																			-- if here then name has 3 or more uppercase letters so treat them as a word

	local initials_t, names_t = {}, {};											-- tables to hold name parts and initials
	local i = 1;																-- counter for number of initials

	names_t = mw.text.split (first, '[%s%-]+');									-- split into a sequence of names and possible suffix

	while names_t[i] do															-- loop through the sequence
		if 1 &lt; i and names_t[i]:match ('[%dJS][%drndth]+%.?$') then				-- if not the first name, and looks like a suffix (may have trailing dot)
			names_t[i] = names_t[i]:gsub ('%.', '');							-- remove terminal dot if present
			if is_suffix (names_t[i]) then										-- if a legitimate suffix
				table.insert (initials_t, ' ' .. names_t[i]);					-- add a separator space, insert at end of initials sequence
				break;															-- and done because suffix must fall at the end of a name
			end																	-- no error message if not a suffix; possibly because of Romanization
		end
		if 3 &gt; i then
			table.insert (initials_t, mw.ustring.sub (names_t[i], 1, 1));		-- insert the initial at end of initials sequence
		end
		i = i + 1;																-- bump the counter
	end
			
	return table.concat (initials_t);											-- Vancouver format does not include spaces.
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I N T E R W I K I _ P R E F I X E N _ G E T &gt;----------------------------------

extract interwiki prefixen from &lt;value&gt;.  Returns two one or two values:
	false – no prefixen
	nil – prefix exists but not recognized
	project prefix, language prefix – when value has either of:
		:&lt;project&gt;:&lt;language&gt;:&lt;article&gt;
		:&lt;language&gt;:&lt;project&gt;:&lt;article&gt;
	project prefix, nil – when &lt;value&gt; has only a known single-letter prefix
	nil, language prefix – when &lt;value&gt; has only a known language prefix

accepts single-letter project prefixen: 'd' (wikidata), 's' (wikisource), and 'w' (wikipedia) prefixes; at this
writing, the other single-letter prefixen (b (wikibook), c (commons), m (meta), n (wikinews), q (wikiquote), and
v (wikiversity)) are not supported.

]]

local function interwiki_prefixen_get (value, is_link)
	if not value:find (':%l+:') then											-- if no prefix
		return false;															-- abandon; boolean here to distinguish from nil fail returns later
	end

	local prefix_patterns_linked_t = {											-- sequence of valid interwiki and inter project prefixen
		'^%[%[:([dsw]):(%l%l+):',												-- wikilinked; project and language prefixes
		'^%[%[:(%l%l+):([dsw]):',												-- wikilinked; language and project prefixes
		'^%[%[:([dsw]):',														-- wikilinked; project prefix
		'^%[%[:(%l%l+):',														-- wikilinked; language prefix
		}
		
	local prefix_patterns_unlinked_t = {										-- sequence of valid interwiki and inter project prefixen
		'^:([dsw]):(%l%l+):',													-- project and language prefixes
		'^:(%l%l+):([dsw]):',													-- language and project prefixes
		'^:([dsw]):',															-- project prefix
		'^:(%l%l+):',															-- language prefix
		}
	
	local cap1, cap2;
	for _, pattern in ipairs ((is_link and prefix_patterns_linked_t) or prefix_patterns_unlinked_t) do
		cap1, cap2 = value:match (pattern);
		if cap1 then
			break;																-- found a match so stop looking
		end
	end
	
	if cap1 and cap2 then														-- when both then :project:language: or :language:project: (both forms allowed)
		if 1 == #cap1 then														-- length == 1 then :project:language:
			if cfg.inter_wiki_map[cap2] then									-- is language prefix in the interwiki map?
				return cap1, cap2;												-- return interwiki project and interwiki language
			end
		else																	-- here when :language:project:
			if cfg.inter_wiki_map[cap1] then									-- is language prefix in the interwiki map?
				return cap2, cap1;												-- return interwiki project and interwiki language
			end
		end
		return nil;																-- unknown interwiki language
	elseif not (cap1 or cap2) then												-- both are nil?
		return nil;																-- we got something that looks like a project prefix but isn't; return fail
	elseif 1 == #cap1 then														-- here when one capture
		return cap1, nil;														-- length is 1 so return project, nil language
	else																		-- here when one capture and its length it more than 1
		if cfg.inter_wiki_map[cap1] then										-- is language prefix in the interwiki map?
			return nil, cap1;													-- return nil project, language
		end
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L I S T _ P E O P L E &gt;--------------------------

Formats a list of people (authors, contributors, editors, interviewers, translators) 

names in the list will be linked when
	|&lt;name&gt;-link= has a value
	|&lt;name&gt;-mask- does NOT have a value; masked names are presumed to have been
		rendered previously so should have been linked there

when |&lt;name&gt;-mask=0, the associated name is not rendered

]]

local function list_people (control, people, etal)
	local sep;
	local namesep;
	local format = control.format;
	local maximum = control.maximum;
	local name_list = {};

	if 'vanc' == format then													-- Vancouver-like name styling?
		sep = cfg.presentation['sep_nl_vanc'];									-- name-list separator between names is a comma
		namesep = cfg.presentation['sep_name_vanc'];							-- last/first separator is a space
	else
		sep = cfg.presentation['sep_nl'];										-- name-list separator between names is a semicolon
		namesep = cfg.presentation['sep_name'];									-- last/first separator is &lt;comma&gt;&lt;space&gt;
	end
	
	if sep:sub (-1, -1) ~= &quot; &quot; then sep = sep .. &quot; &quot; end
	if utilities.is_set (maximum) and maximum &lt; 1 then return &quot;&quot;, 0; end		-- returned 0 is for EditorCount; not used for other names
	
	for i, person in ipairs (people) do
		if utilities.is_set (person.last) then
			local mask = person.mask;
			local one;
			local sep_one = sep;

			if utilities.is_set (maximum) and i &gt; maximum then
				etal = true;
				break;
			end
			
			if mask then
				local n = tonumber (mask);										-- convert to a number if it can be converted; nil else
				if n then
					one = 0 ~= n and string.rep(&quot;&amp;mdash;&quot;, n) or nil;			-- make a string of (n &gt; 0) mdashes, nil else, to replace name
					person.link = nil;											-- don't create link to name if name is replaces with mdash string or has been set nil
				else
					one = mask;													-- replace name with mask text (must include name-list separator)
					sep_one = &quot; &quot;;												-- modify name-list separator
				end
			else
				one = person.last;												-- get surname
				local first = person.first										-- get given name
				if utilities.is_set (first) then
					if (&quot;vanc&quot; == format) then									-- if Vancouver format
						one = one:gsub ('%.', '');								-- remove periods from surnames (http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/books/NBK7271/box/A35029/)
						if not person.corporate and is_good_vanc_name (one, first, nil, i) then		-- and name is all Latin characters; corporate authors not tested
							first = reduce_to_initials (first, i);				-- attempt to convert first name(s) to initials
						end
					end
					one = one .. namesep .. first;
				end
			end
			if utilities.is_set (person.link) then
				one = utilities.make_wikilink (person.link, one);				-- link author/editor
			end

			if one then															-- if &lt;one&gt; has a value (name, mdash replacement, or mask text replacement)
				local proj, tag = interwiki_prefixen_get (one, true);			-- get the interwiki prefixen if present

				if 'w' == proj and ('Wikipedia' == mw.site.namespaces.Project['name']) then
					proj = nil;													-- for stuff like :w:de:&lt;article&gt;, :w is unnecessary TODO: maint cat?
				end
				if proj then
					proj = ({['d'] = 'Wikidata', ['s'] = 'Wikisource', ['w'] = 'Wikipedia'})[proj];	-- :w (wikipedia) for linking from a non-wikipedia project
					if proj then 
						one = one .. utilities.wrap_style ('interproj', proj);	-- add resized leading space, brackets, static text, language name
						tag = nil;												-- unset; don't do both project and language
					end
				end
				if tag == cfg.this_wiki_code then
					tag = nil;													-- stuff like :en:&lt;article&gt; at en.wiki is pointless TODO: maint cat?
				end
				if tag then
					local lang = cfg.lang_tag_remap[tag] or cfg.mw_languages_by_tag_t[tag];
					if lang then												-- error messaging done in extract_names() where we know parameter names
						one = one .. utilities.wrap_style ('interwiki', lang);	-- add resized leading space, brackets, static text, language name
					end
				end

				table.insert (name_list, one);									-- add it to the list of names
				table.insert (name_list, sep_one);								-- add the proper name-list separator
			end
		end
	end

	local count = #name_list / 2;												-- (number of names + number of separators) divided by 2
	if 0 &lt; count then 
		if 1 &lt; count and not etal then
			if 'amp' == format then
				name_list[#name_list-2] = &quot; &amp; &quot;;								-- replace last separator with ampersand text
			elseif 'and' == format then
				if 2 == count then
					name_list[#name_list-2] = cfg.presentation.sep_nl_and;		-- replace last separator with 'and' text
				else
					name_list[#name_list-2] = cfg.presentation.sep_nl_end;		-- replace last separator with '(sep) and' text
				end
			end
		end
		name_list[#name_list] = nil;											-- erase the last separator
	end

	local result = table.concat (name_list);									-- construct list
	if etal and utilities.is_set (result) then									-- etal may be set by |display-authors=etal but we might not have a last-first list
		result = result .. sep .. cfg.messages['et al'];						-- we've got a last-first list and etal so add et al.
	end
	
	return result, count;														-- return name-list string and count of number of names (count used for editor names only)
end


--[[--------------------&lt; M A K E _ C I T E R E F _ I D &gt;-----------------------

Generates a CITEREF anchor ID if we have at least one name or a date.  Otherwise
returns an empty string.

namelist is one of the contributor-, author-, or editor-name lists chosen in that
order.  year is Year or anchor_year.

]]

local function make_citeref_id (namelist, year)
	local names={};							-- a table for the one to four names and year
	for i,v in ipairs (namelist) do			-- loop through the list and take up to the first four last names
		names[i] = v.last
		if i == 4 then break end			-- if four then done
	end
	table.insert (names, year);				-- add the year at the end
	local id = table.concat(names);			-- concatenate names and year for CITEREF id
	if utilities.is_set (id) then			-- if concatenation is not an empty string
		return &quot;CITEREF&quot; .. id;				-- add the CITEREF portion
	else
		return '';							-- return an empty string; no reason to include CITEREF id in this citation
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C I T E _ C L A S S _A T T R I B U T E _M A K E &gt;------------------------------

construct &lt;cite&gt; tag class attribute for this citation.

&lt;cite_class&gt; – config.CitationClass from calling template
&lt;mode&gt; – value from |mode= parameter

]]

local function cite_class_attribute_make (cite_class, mode)
	local class_t = {};
	table.insert (class_t, 'citation');											-- required for blue highlight
	if 'citation' ~= cite_class then
		table.insert (class_t, cite_class);										-- identify this template for user css
		table.insert (class_t, utilities.is_set (mode) and mode or 'cs1');		-- identify the citation style for user css or javascript
	else
		table.insert (class_t, utilities.is_set (mode) and mode or 'cs2');		-- identify the citation style for user css or javascript
	end
	for _, prop_key in ipairs (z.prop_keys_t) do
		table.insert (class_t, prop_key);										-- identify various properties for user css or javascript
	end

	return table.concat (class_t, ' ');											-- make a big string and done
end


--[[---------------------&lt; N A M E _ H A S _ E T A L &gt;--------------------------

Evaluates the content of name parameters (author, editor, etc.) for variations on
the theme of et al.  If found, the et al. is removed, a flag is set to true and
the function returns the modified name and the flag.

This function never sets the flag to false but returns its previous state because
it may have been set by previous passes through this function or by the associated
|display-&lt;names&gt;=etal parameter

]]

local function name_has_etal (name, etal, nocat, param)

	if utilities.is_set (name) then												-- name can be nil in which case just return
		local patterns = cfg.et_al_patterns; 									-- get patterns from configuration
		
		for _, pattern in ipairs (patterns) do									-- loop through all of the patterns
			if name:match (pattern) then										-- if this 'et al' pattern is found in name
				name = name:gsub (pattern, '');									-- remove the offending text
				etal = true;													-- set flag (may have been set previously here or by |display-&lt;names&gt;=etal)
				if not nocat then												-- no categorization for |vauthors=
					utilities.set_message ('err_etal', {param});				-- and set an error if not added
				end
			end
		end
	end

	return name, etal;
end


--[[---------------------&lt; N A M E _ I S _ N U M E R I C &gt;----------------------

Add an error message and category when &lt;name&gt; parameter value does not contain letters.  

Add a maintenance category when &lt;name&gt; parameter value has numeric characters mixed with characters that are 
not numeric characters; could be letters and/or punctuation characters.

This function will only emit one error and one maint message for the current template.  Does not emit both error
and maint messages/categories for the same parameter value.

returns nothing

]]

local function name_is_numeric (name, name_alias, list_name)
	local patterns = {
		'^%D+%d',																-- &lt;name&gt; must have digits preceded by other characters
		'^%D*%d+%D+',															-- &lt;name&gt; must have digits followed by other characters
		}

	if not added_numeric_name_errs and mw.ustring.match (name, '^[%A]+$') then	-- if we have not already set an error message and &lt;name&gt; does not have any alpha characters
		utilities.set_message ('err_numeric_names', name_alias);				-- add an error message
		added_numeric_name_errs = true;											-- set the flag so we emit only one error message
		return;																	-- when here no point in further testing; abandon
	end

	if not added_numeric_name_maint then										-- if we have already set a maint message
		for _, pattern in ipairs (patterns) do									-- spin through list of patterns
			if mw.ustring.match (name, pattern) then							-- digits preceded or followed by anything but digits; %D+ includes punctuation
				utilities.set_message ('maint_numeric_names', cfg.special_case_translation [list_name]);	-- add a maint cat for this template
				added_numeric_name_maint = true;								-- set the flag so we emit only one maint message
				return;															-- when here no point in further testing; abandon
			end
		end
	end
end


--[[-----------------&lt; N A M E _ H A S _ M U L T _ N A M E S &gt;------------------

Evaluates the content of last/surname (authors etc.) parameters for multiple names.
Multiple names are indicated if there is more than one comma or any &quot;unescaped&quot;
semicolons. Escaped semicolons are ones used as part of selected HTML entities.
If the condition is met, the function adds the multiple name maintenance category.

Same test for first except that commas should not appear in given names (MOS:JR says
that the generational suffix does not take a separator character).  Titles, degrees,
postnominals, affiliations, all normally comma separated don't belong in a citation.

&lt;name&gt; – name parameter value
&lt;list_name&gt; – AuthorList, EditorList, etc
&lt;limit&gt; – number of allowed commas; 1 (default) for surnames; 0 for given names

returns nothing

]]

local function name_has_mult_names (name, list_name, limit)
	local _, commas, semicolons, nbsps;
	limit = limit and limit or 1;
	if utilities.is_set (name) then
		_, commas = name:gsub (',', '');										-- count the number of commas
		_, semicolons = name:gsub (';', '');									-- count the number of semicolons
		-- nbsps probably should be its own separate count rather than merged in
		-- some way with semicolons because Lua patterns do not support the
		-- grouping operator that regex does, which means there is no way to add
		-- more entities to escape except by adding more counts with the new
		-- entities
		_, nbsps = name:gsub ('&amp;nbsp;','');										-- count nbsps
		
		-- There is exactly 1 semicolon per &amp;nbsp; entity, so subtract nbsps
		-- from semicolons to 'escape' them. If additional entities are added,
		-- they also can be subtracted.
		if limit &lt; commas or 0 &lt; (semicolons - nbsps) then
			utilities.set_message ('maint_mult_names', cfg.special_case_translation [list_name]);	-- add a maint message
		end
	end
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I S _ G E N E R I C &gt;----------------------------------------------------------

Compares values assigned to various parameters according to the string provided as &lt;item&gt; in the function call.
&lt;item&gt; can have on of two values:
	'generic_names' – for name-holding parameters: |last=, |first=, |editor-last=, etc
	'generic_titles' – for |title=

There are two types of generic tests.  The 'accept' tests look for a pattern that should not be rejected by the
'reject' test.  For example,
	|author=[[John Smith (author)|Smith, John]]
would be rejected by the 'author' reject test.  But piped wikilinks with 'author' disambiguation should not be
rejected so the 'accept' test prevents that from happening.  Accept tests are always performed before reject
tests.

Each of the 'accept' and 'reject' sequence tables hold tables for en.wiki (['en']) and local.wiki (['local'])
that each can hold a test sequence table  The sequence table holds, at index [1], a test pattern, and, at index
[2], a boolean control value.  The control value tells string.find() or mw.ustring.find() to do plain-text search (true)
or a pattern search (false).  The intent of all this complexity is to make these searches as fast as possible so
that we don't run out of processing time on very large articles.

Returns
	true when a reject test finds the pattern or string
	false when an accept test finds the pattern or string
	nil else

]=]

local function is_generic (item, value, wiki)
	local test_val;
	local str_lower = {															-- use string.lower() for en.wiki (['en']) and use mw.ustring.lower() or local.wiki (['local'])
		['en'] = string.lower,
		['local'] = mw.ustring.lower,
		}
	local str_find = {															-- use string.find() for en.wiki (['en']) and use mw.ustring.find() or local.wiki (['local'])
		['en'] = string.find,
		['local'] = mw.ustring.find,
		}

	local function test (val, test_t, wiki)										-- local function to do the testing; &lt;wiki&gt; selects lower() and find() functions
		val = test_t[2] and str_lower[wiki](value) or val;						-- when &lt;test_t[2]&gt; set to 'true', plaintext search using lowercase value
		return str_find[wiki] (val, test_t[1], 1, test_t[2]);					-- return nil when not found or matched
	end
		
	local test_types_t = {'accept', 'reject'};									-- test accept patterns first, then reject patterns
	local wikis_t = {'en', 'local'};											-- do tests for each of these keys; en.wiki first, local.wiki second

	for _, test_type in ipairs (test_types_t) do								-- for each test type
		for _, generic_value in pairs (cfg.special_case_translation[item][test_type]) do	-- spin through the list of generic value fragments to accept or reject
			for _, wiki in ipairs (wikis_t) do
				if generic_value[wiki] then
					if test (value, generic_value[wiki], wiki) then				-- go do the test
						return ('reject' == test_type);							-- param value rejected, return true; false else
					end
				end
			end
		end
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; N A M E _ I S _ G E N E R I C &gt;------------------------------------------------

calls is_generic() to determine if &lt;name&gt; is a 'generic name' listed in cfg.generic_names; &lt;name_alias&gt; is the
parameter name used in error messaging

]]

local function name_is_generic (name, name_alias)
	if not added_generic_name_errs  and is_generic ('generic_names', name) then
		utilities.set_message ('err_generic_name', name_alias);					-- set an error message
		added_generic_name_errs = true;
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; N A M E _ C H E C K S &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

This function calls various name checking functions used to validate the content of the various name-holding parameters.

]]

local function name_checks (last, first, list_name, last_alias, first_alias)
	local accept_name;

	if utilities.is_set (last) then
		last, accept_name = utilities.has_accept_as_written (last);				-- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of &lt;last&gt;

		if not accept_name then													-- &lt;last&gt; not wrapped in accept-as-written markup
			name_has_mult_names (last, list_name);								-- check for multiple names in the parameter
			name_is_numeric (last, last_alias, list_name);						-- check for names that have no letters or are a mix of digits and other characters
			name_is_generic (last, last_alias);									-- check for names found in the generic names list
		end
	end

	if utilities.is_set (first) then
		first, accept_name = utilities.has_accept_as_written (first);			-- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of &lt;first&gt;

		if not accept_name then													-- &lt;first&gt; not wrapped in accept-as-written markup
			name_has_mult_names (first, list_name, 0);							-- check for multiple names in the parameter; 0 is number of allowed commas in a given name
			name_is_numeric (first, first_alias, list_name);					-- check for names that have no letters or are a mix of digits and other characters
			name_is_generic (first, first_alias);								-- check for names found in the generic names list
		end
		local wl_type, D = utilities.is_wikilink (first);
		if 0 ~= wl_type then
			first = D;
			utilities.set_message ('err_bad_paramlink', first_alias);
		end
	end

	return last, first;															-- done
end


--[[----------------------&lt; E X T R A C T _ N A M E S &gt;-------------------------

Gets name list from the input arguments

Searches through args in sequential order to find |lastn= and |firstn= parameters
(or their aliases), and their matching link and mask parameters. Stops searching
when both |lastn= and |firstn= are not found in args after two sequential attempts:
found |last1=, |last2=, and |last3= but doesn't find |last4= and |last5= then the
search is done.

This function emits an error message when there is a |firstn= without a matching
|lastn=.  When there are 'holes' in the list of last names, |last1= and |last3=
are present but |last2= is missing, an error message is emitted. |lastn= is not
required to have a matching |firstn=.

When an author or editor parameter contains some form of 'et al.', the 'et al.'
is stripped from the parameter and a flag (etal) returned that will cause list_people()
to add the static 'et al.' text from Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration.  This keeps
'et al.' out of the template's metadata.  When this occurs, an error is emitted.

]]

local function extract_names(args, list_name)
	local names = {};															-- table of names
	local last;																	-- individual name components
	local first;
	local link;
	local mask;
	local i = 1;																-- loop counter/indexer
	local n = 1;																-- output table indexer
	local count = 0;															-- used to count the number of times we haven't found a |last= (or alias for authors, |editor-last or alias for editors)
	local etal = false;															-- return value set to true when we find some form of et al. in an author parameter

	local last_alias, first_alias, link_alias;									-- selected parameter aliases used in error messaging
	while true do
		last, last_alias = utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Last'], 'err_redundant_parameters', i );		-- search through args for name components beginning at 1
		first, first_alias = utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-First'], 'err_redundant_parameters', i );
		link, link_alias = utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Link'], 'err_redundant_parameters', i );
		mask = utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Mask'], 'err_redundant_parameters', i );
	
		if last then															-- error check |lastn= alias for unknown interwiki link prefix; done here because this is where we have the parameter name
			local project, language = interwiki_prefixen_get (last, true);		-- true because we expect interwiki links in |lastn= to be wikilinked
			if nil == project and nil == language then							-- when both are nil
				utilities.set_message ('err_bad_paramlink', last_alias);		-- not known, emit an error message	-- TODO: err_bad_interwiki?
				last = utilities.remove_wiki_link (last);						-- remove wikilink markup; show display value only
			end
		end
		
		if link then															-- error check |linkn= alias for unknown interwiki link prefix
			local project, language = interwiki_prefixen_get (link, false);		-- false because wiki links in |author-linkn= is an error
			if nil == project and nil == language then							-- when both are nil
				utilities.set_message ('err_bad_paramlink', link_alias);		-- not known, emit an error message	-- TODO: err_bad_interwiki?
				link = nil;														-- unset so we don't link
				link_alias = nil;
			end
		end
		
		last, etal = name_has_etal (last, etal, false, last_alias);				-- find and remove variations on et al.
		first, etal = name_has_etal (first, etal, false, first_alias);			-- find and remove variations on et al.
		last, first = name_checks (last, first, list_name, last_alias, first_alias);						-- multiple names, extraneous annotation, etc. checks

		if first and not last then												-- if there is a firstn without a matching lastn
			local alias = first_alias:find ('given', 1, true) and 'given' or 'first';	-- get first or given form of the alias
			utilities.set_message ('err_first_missing_last', {
				first_alias,													-- param name of alias missing its mate
				first_alias:gsub (alias, {['first'] = 'last', ['given'] = 'surname'}),	-- make param name appropriate to the alias form
				});																-- add this error message
		elseif not first and not last then										-- if both firstn and lastn aren't found, are we done?
			count = count + 1;													-- number of times we haven't found last and first
			if 2 &lt;= count then													-- two missing names and we give up
				break;															-- normal exit or there is a two-name hole in the list; can't tell which
			end
		else																	-- we have last with or without a first
			local result;
			link = link_title_ok (link, link_alias, last, last_alias);			-- check for improper wiki-markup

			if first then
				link = link_title_ok (link, link_alias, first, first_alias);	-- check for improper wiki-markup
			end

			names[n] = {last = last, first = first, link = link, mask = mask, corporate = false};	-- add this name to our names list (corporate for |vauthors= only)
			n = n + 1;															-- point to next location in the names table
			if 1 == count then													-- if the previous name was missing
				utilities.set_message ('err_missing_name', {list_name:match (&quot;(%w+)List&quot;):lower(), i - 1});	-- add this error message
			end
			count = 0;															-- reset the counter, we're looking for two consecutive missing names
		end
		i = i + 1;																-- point to next args location
	end
	
	return names, etal;															-- all done, return our list of names and the etal flag
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; N A M E _ T A G _ G E T &gt;------------------------------------------------------

attempt to decode |language=&lt;lang_param&gt; and return language name and matching tag; nil else.

This function looks for:
	&lt;lang_param&gt; as a tag in cfg.lang_tag_remap{}
	&lt;lang_param&gt; as a name in cfg.lang_name_remap{}
	
	&lt;lang_param&gt; as a name in cfg.mw_languages_by_name_t
	&lt;lang_param&gt; as a tag in cfg.mw_languages_by_tag_t
when those fail, presume that &lt;lang_param&gt; is an IETF-like tag that MediaWiki does not recognize.  Strip all
script, region, variant, whatever subtags from &lt;lang_param&gt; to leave just a two or three character language tag
and look for the new &lt;lang_param&gt; in cfg.mw_languages_by_tag_t{}

on success, returns name (in properly capitalized form) and matching tag (in lowercase); on failure returns nil

]]

local function name_tag_get (lang_param)
	local lang_param_lc = mw.ustring.lower (lang_param);						-- use lowercase as an index into the various tables
	local name;
	local tag;

	name = cfg.lang_tag_remap[lang_param_lc];									-- assume &lt;lang_param_lc&gt; is a tag; attempt to get remapped language name 
	if name then																-- when &lt;name&gt;, &lt;lang_param&gt; is a tag for a remapped language name
		if cfg.lang_name_remap[name:lower()][2] ~= lang_param_lc then
			utilities.set_message ('maint_unknown_lang');						-- add maint category if not already added
			return name, cfg.lang_name_remap[name:lower()][2];					-- so return name and tag from lang_name_remap[name]; special case to xlate sr-ec and sr-el to sr-cyrl and sr-latn
		end
		return name, lang_param_lc;												-- so return &lt;name&gt; from remap and &lt;lang_param_lc&gt;
	end

	tag = lang_param_lc:match ('^(%a%a%a?)%-.*');								-- still assuming that &lt;lang_param_lc&gt; is a tag; strip script, region, variant subtags
	name = cfg.lang_tag_remap[tag];												-- attempt to get remapped language name with language subtag only
	if name then																-- when &lt;name&gt;, &lt;tag&gt; is a tag for a remapped language name
		return name, tag;														-- so return &lt;name&gt; from remap and &lt;tag&gt;
	end

	if cfg.lang_name_remap[lang_param_lc] then									-- not a remapped tag, assume &lt;lang_param_lc&gt; is a name; attempt to get remapped language tag 
		return cfg.lang_name_remap[lang_param_lc][1], cfg.lang_name_remap[lang_param_lc][2];	-- for this &lt;lang_param_lc&gt;, return a (possibly) new name and appropriate tag
	end

	name = cfg.mw_languages_by_tag_t[lang_param_lc];							-- assume that &lt;lang_param_lc&gt; is a tag; attempt to get its matching language name
	
	if name then
		return name, lang_param_lc;												-- &lt;lang_param_lc&gt; is a tag so return it and &lt;name&gt;
	end
	
	tag = cfg.mw_languages_by_name_t[lang_param_lc];							-- assume that &lt;lang_param_lc&gt; is a language name; attempt to get its matching tag
	
	if tag then
		return cfg.mw_languages_by_tag_t[tag], tag;								-- &lt;lang_param_lc&gt; is a name so return the name from the table and &lt;tag&gt;
	end

	tag = lang_param_lc:match ('^(%a%a%a?)%-.*');								-- is &lt;lang_param_lc&gt; an IETF-like tag that MediaWiki doesn't recognize? &lt;tag&gt; gets the language subtag; nil else

	if tag then
		name = cfg.mw_languages_by_tag_t[tag];									-- attempt to get a language name using the shortened &lt;tag&gt;
		if name then
			return name, tag;													-- &lt;lang_param_lc&gt; is an unrecognized IETF-like tag so return &lt;name&gt; and language subtag
		end
	end
end


--[[-------------------&lt; L A N G U A G E _ P A R A M E T E R &gt;------------------

Gets language name from a provided two- or three-character ISO 639 code.  If a code
is recognized by MediaWiki, use the returned name; if not, then use the value that
was provided with the language parameter.

When |language= contains a recognized language (either code or name), the page is
assigned to the category for that code: Category:Norwegian-language sources (no).
For valid three-character code languages, the page is assigned to the single category
for '639-2' codes: Category:CS1 ISO 639-2 language sources.

Languages that are the same as the local wiki are not categorized.  MediaWiki does
not recognize three-character equivalents of two-character codes: code 'ar' is
recognized but code 'ara' is not.

This function supports multiple languages in the form |language=nb, French, th
where the language names or codes are separated from each other by commas with
optional space characters.

]]

local function language_parameter (lang)
	local tag;																	-- some form of IETF-like language tag; language subtag with optional region, sript, vatiant, etc subtags
	local lang_subtag;															-- ve populates |language= with mostly unecessary region subtags the MediaWiki does not recognize; this is the base language subtag
	local name;																	-- the language name
	local language_list = {};													-- table of language names to be rendered
	local names_t = {};															-- table made from the value assigned to |language=

	local this_wiki_name = mw.language.fetchLanguageName (cfg.this_wiki_code, cfg.this_wiki_code);	-- get this wiki's language name

	names_t = mw.text.split (lang, '%s*,%s*');									-- names should be a comma separated list

	for _, lang in ipairs (names_t) do											-- reuse lang here because we don't yet know if lang is a language name or a language tag
		name, tag = name_tag_get (lang);										-- attempt to get name/tag pair for &lt;lang&gt;; &lt;name&gt; has proper capitalization; &lt;tag&gt; is lowercase

		if utilities.is_set (tag) then
			lang_subtag = tag:gsub ('^(%a%a%a?)%-.*', '%1');					-- for categorization, strip any IETF-like tags from language tag

			if cfg.this_wiki_code ~= lang_subtag then							-- when the language is not the same as this wiki's language
				if 2 == lang_subtag:len() then									-- and is a two-character tag
					utilities.add_prop_cat ('foreign-lang-source', {name, tag}, lang_subtag);		-- categorize it; tag appended to allow for multiple language categorization
				else															-- or is a recognized language (but has a three-character tag)
					utilities.add_prop_cat ('foreign-lang-source-2', {lang_subtag}, lang_subtag);			-- categorize it differently TODO: support multiple three-character tag categories per cs1|2 template?
				end
			elseif cfg.local_lang_cat_enable then								-- when the language and this wiki's language are the same and categorization is enabled
				utilities.add_prop_cat ('local-lang-source', {name, lang_subtag});		-- categorize it
			end
		else
			name = lang;														-- return whatever &lt;lang&gt; has so that we show something
			utilities.set_message ('maint_unknown_lang');						-- add maint category if not already added
		end
		
		table.insert (language_list, name);
		name = '';																-- so we can reuse it
	end
 
	name = utilities.make_sep_list (#language_list, language_list);
	if (1 == #language_list) and (lang_subtag == cfg.this_wiki_code) then		-- when only one language, find lang name in this wiki lang name; for |language=en-us, 'English' in 'American English'
		return '';																-- if one language and that language is this wiki's return an empty string (no annotation)
	end
	return (&quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('language', name));								-- otherwise wrap with '(in ...)'
	--[[ TODO: should only return blank or name rather than full list
	so we can clean up the bunched parenthetical elements Language, Type, Format
	]]
end


--[[-----------------------&lt; S E T _ C S _ S T Y L E &gt;--------------------------

Gets the default CS style configuration for the given mode.
Returns default separator and either postscript as passed in or the default.
In CS1, the default postscript and separator are '.'.
In CS2, the default postscript is the empty string and the default separator is ','.

]]

local function set_cs_style (postscript, mode)
	if utilities.is_set(postscript) then
		-- emit a maintenance message if user postscript is the default cs1 postscript
		-- we catch the opposite case for cs2 in set_style
		if mode == 'cs1' and postscript == cfg.presentation['ps_' .. mode] then
			utilities.set_message ('maint_postscript');
		end
	else
		postscript = cfg.presentation['ps_' .. mode];
	end
	return cfg.presentation['sep_' .. mode], postscript;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E T _ S T Y L E &gt;-----------------------------

Sets the separator and postscript styles. Checks the |mode= first and the
#invoke CitationClass second. Removes the postscript if postscript == none.

]]

local function set_style (mode, postscript, cite_class)
	local sep;
	if 'cs2' == mode then
		sep, postscript = set_cs_style (postscript, 'cs2');
	elseif 'cs1' == mode then
		sep, postscript = set_cs_style (postscript, 'cs1');
	elseif 'citation' == cite_class	then
		sep, postscript = set_cs_style (postscript, 'cs2');
	else
		sep, postscript = set_cs_style (postscript, 'cs1');
	end

	if cfg.keywords_xlate[postscript:lower()] == 'none' then
		-- emit a maintenance message if user postscript is the default cs2 postscript
		-- we catch the opposite case for cs1 in set_cs_style
		if 'cs2' == mode or ('cs1' ~= mode and 'citation' == cite_class) then	-- {{citation |title=Title |mode=cs1 |postscript=none}} should not emit maint message
			utilities.set_message ('maint_postscript');
		end
		postscript = '';
	end
	
	return sep, postscript
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I S _ P D F &gt;-----------------------------------

Determines if a URL has the file extension that is one of the PDF file extensions
used by [[MediaWiki:Common.css]] when applying the PDF icon to external links.

returns true if file extension is one of the recognized extensions, else false

]=]

local function is_pdf (url)
	return url:match ('%.pdf$') or url:match ('%.PDF$') or
		url:match ('%.pdf[%?#]') or url:match ('%.PDF[%?#]') or
		url:match ('%.PDF&amp;#035') or url:match ('%.pdf&amp;#035');
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S T Y L E _ F O R M A T &gt;-----------------------

Applies CSS style to |format=, |chapter-format=, etc.  Also emits an error message
if the format parameter does not have a matching URL parameter.  If the format parameter
is not set and the URL contains a file extension that is recognized as a PDF document
by MediaWiki's commons.css, this code will set the format parameter to (PDF) with
the appropriate styling.

]]

local function style_format (format, url, fmt_param, url_param)
	if utilities.is_set (format) then
		format = utilities.wrap_style ('format', format);						-- add leading space, parentheses, resize
		if not utilities.is_set (url) then
			utilities.set_message ('err_format_missing_url', {fmt_param, url_param});	-- add an error message
		end
	elseif is_pdf (url) then													-- format is not set so if URL is a PDF file then
		format = utilities.wrap_style ('format', 'PDF');						-- set format to PDF
	else
		format = '';															-- empty string for concatenation
	end
	return format;
end


--[[---------------------&lt; G E T _ D I S P L A Y _ N A M E S &gt;------------------

Returns a number that defines the number of names displayed for author and editor
name lists and a Boolean flag to indicate when et al. should be appended to the name list.

When the value assigned to |display-xxxxors= is a number greater than or equal to zero,
return the number and the previous state of the 'etal' flag (false by default
but may have been set to true if the name list contains some variant of the text 'et al.').

When the value assigned to |display-xxxxors= is the keyword 'etal', return a number
that is one greater than the number of authors in the list and set the 'etal' flag true.
This will cause the list_people() to display all of the names in the name list followed by 'et al.'

In all other cases, returns nil and the previous state of the 'etal' flag.

inputs:
	max: A['DisplayAuthors'] or A['DisplayEditors'], etc; a number or some flavor of etal
	count: #a or #e
	list_name: 'authors' or 'editors'
	etal: author_etal or editor_etal

This function sets an error message when |display-xxxxors= value greater than or equal to number of names but
not when &lt;max&gt; comes from {{cs1 config}} global settings.  When using global settings, &lt;param&gt; is set to the
keyword 'cs1 config' which is used to supress the normal error.  Error is suppressed because it is to be expected
that some citations in an article will have the same or fewer names that the limit specified in {{cs1 config}}.

]]

local function get_display_names (max, count, list_name, etal, param)
	if utilities.is_set (max) then
		if 'etal' == max:lower():gsub(&quot;[ '%.]&quot;, '') then						-- the :gsub() portion makes 'etal' from a variety of 'et al.' spellings and stylings
			max = count + 1;													-- number of authors + 1 so display all author name plus et al.
			etal = true;														-- overrides value set by extract_names()
		elseif max:match ('^%d+$') then											-- if is a string of numbers
			max = tonumber (max);												-- make it a number
			if (max &gt;= count) and ('cs1 config' ~= param) then					-- error when local |display-xxxxors= value greater than or equal to number of names; not an error when using global setting
				utilities.set_message ('err_disp_name', {param, max});			-- add error message
				max = nil;
			end
		else																	-- not a valid keyword or number
			utilities.set_message ('err_disp_name', {param, max});				-- add error message
			max = nil;															-- unset; as if |display-xxxxors= had not been set
		end
	end
	
	return max, etal;
end


--[[----------&lt; E X T R A _ T E X T _ I N _ P A G E _ C H E C K &gt;---------------

Adds error if |page=, |pages=, |quote-page=, |quote-pages= has what appears to be
some form of p. or pp. abbreviation in the first characters of the parameter content.

check page for extraneous p, p., pp, pp., pg, pg. at start of parameter value:
	good pattern: '^P[^%.P%l]' matches when page begins PX or P# but not Px
		      where x and X are letters and # is a digit
	bad pattern:  '^[Pp][PpGg]' matches when page begins pp, pP, Pp, PP, pg, pG, Pg, PG

]]

local function extra_text_in_page_check (val, name)
	if not val:match (cfg.vol_iss_pg_patterns.good_ppattern) then
		for _, pattern in ipairs (cfg.vol_iss_pg_patterns.bad_ppatterns) do		-- spin through the selected sequence table of patterns
			if val:match (pattern) then											-- when a match, error so
				utilities.set_message ('err_extra_text_pages', name);	 		-- add error message
				return;															-- and done
			end
		end
	end		
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X T R A _ T E X T _ I N _ V O L _ I S S _ C H E C K &gt;------------------------

Adds error if |volume= or |issue= has what appears to be some form of redundant 'type' indicator.  Applies to
both; this function looks for issue text in both |issue= and |volume= and looks for volume-like text in |voluem=
and |issue=.

For |volume=:
	'V.', or 'Vol.' (with or without the dot) abbreviations or 'Volume' in the first characters of the parameter
	content (all case insensitive). 'V' and 'v' (without the dot) are presumed to be roman numerals so
	are allowed.

For |issue=:
	'No.', 'I.', 'Iss.' (with or without the dot) abbreviations, or 'Issue' in the first characters of the
	parameter content (all case insensitive); numero styling: 'n°' with degree sign U+00B0, and № precomposed
	numero sign U+2116.
	
Single character values ('v', 'i', 'n') allowed when not followed by separator character ('.', ':', '=', or
whitespace character) – param values are trimmed of whitespace by MediaWiki before delivered to the module.
	
&lt;val&gt; is |volume= or |issue= parameter value
&lt;name&gt; is |volume= or |issue= parameter name for error message
&lt;selector&gt; is 'v' for |volume=, 'i' for |issue=

sets error message on failure; returns nothing

]]

local function extra_text_in_vol_iss_check (val, name, selector)
	if not utilities.is_set (val) then
		return;
	end
	
	local handler = 'v' == selector and 'err_extra_text_volume' or 'err_extra_text_issue';
	val = val:lower();															-- force parameter value to lower case

	for _, pattern in ipairs (cfg.vol_iss_pg_patterns.vi_patterns_t) do			-- spin through the sequence table of patterns
		if val:match (pattern) then												-- when a match, error so
			utilities.set_message (handler, name);								-- add error message
			return;																-- and done
		end
	end
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; G E T _ V _ N A M E _ T A B L E &gt;----------------------------------------------

split apart a |vauthors= or |veditors= parameter.  This function allows for corporate names, wrapped in doubled
parentheses to also have commas; in the old version of the code, the doubled parentheses were included in the
rendered citation and in the metadata.  Individual author names may be wikilinked

	|vauthors=Jones AB, [[E. B. White|White EB]], ((Black, Brown, and Co.))

]=]

local function get_v_name_table (vparam, output_table, output_link_table)
	local name_table = mw.text.split(vparam, &quot;%s*,%s*&quot;);						-- names are separated by commas
	local wl_type, label, link;													-- wl_type not used here; just a placeholder
	
	local i = 1;
	
	while name_table[i] do
		if name_table[i]:match ('^%(%(.*[^%)][^%)]$') then						-- first segment of corporate with one or more commas; this segment has the opening doubled parentheses
			local name = name_table[i];
			i = i + 1;															-- bump indexer to next segment
			while name_table[i] do
				name = name .. ', ' .. name_table[i];							-- concatenate with previous segments
				if name_table[i]:match ('^.*%)%)$') then						-- if this table member has the closing doubled parentheses
					break;														-- and done reassembling so
				end
				i = i + 1;														-- bump indexer
			end
			table.insert (output_table, name);									-- and add corporate name to the output table
			table.insert (output_link_table, '');								-- no wikilink
		else
			wl_type, label, link = utilities.is_wikilink (name_table[i]);		-- wl_type is: 0, no wl (text in label variable); 1, [[D]]; 2, [[L|D]]
			table.insert (output_table, label);									-- add this name
			if 1 == wl_type then
				table.insert (output_link_table, label);						-- simple wikilink [[D]]
			else
				table.insert (output_link_table, link);							-- no wikilink or [[L|D]]; add this link if there is one, else empty string
			end
		end
		i = i + 1;
	end	
	return output_table;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; P A R S E _ V A U T H O R S _ V E D I T O R S &gt;--------------------------------

This function extracts author / editor names from |vauthors= or |veditors= and finds matching |xxxxor-maskn= and
|xxxxor-linkn= in args.  It then returns a table of assembled names just as extract_names() does.

Author / editor names in |vauthors= or |veditors= must be in Vancouver system style. Corporate or institutional names
may sometimes be required and because such names will often fail the is_good_vanc_name() and other format compliance
tests, are wrapped in doubled parentheses ((corporate name)) to suppress the format tests.

Supports generational suffixes Jr, 2nd, 3rd, 4th–6th.

This function sets the Vancouver error when a required comma is missing and when there is a space between an author's initials.

]]

local function parse_vauthors_veditors (args, vparam, list_name)
	local names = {};															-- table of names assembled from |vauthors=, |author-maskn=, |author-linkn=
	local v_name_table = {};
	local v_link_table = {};													-- when name is wikilinked, targets go in this table
	local etal = false;															-- return value set to true when we find some form of et al. vauthors parameter
	local last, first, link, mask, suffix;
	local corporate = false;

	vparam, etal = name_has_etal (vparam, etal, true);							-- find and remove variations on et al. do not categorize (do it here because et al. might have a period)
	v_name_table = get_v_name_table (vparam, v_name_table, v_link_table);		-- names are separated by commas

	for i, v_name in ipairs(v_name_table) do
		first = '';																-- set to empty string for concatenation and because it may have been set for previous author/editor
		local accept_name;
		v_name, accept_name = utilities.has_accept_as_written (v_name);			-- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of &lt;v_name&gt;

		if accept_name then
			last = v_name;
			corporate = true;													-- flag used in list_people()
		elseif string.find(v_name, &quot;%s&quot;) then
			if v_name:find('[;%.]') then										-- look for commonly occurring punctuation characters; 
				add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl.punctuation, i);
			end
			local lastfirstTable = {}
			lastfirstTable = mw.text.split(v_name, &quot;%s+&quot;)
			first = table.remove(lastfirstTable);								-- removes and returns value of last element in table which should be initials or generational suffix

			if not mw.ustring.match (first, '^%u+$') then						-- mw.ustring here so that later we will catch non-Latin characters
				suffix = first;													-- not initials so assume that whatever we got is a generational suffix
				first = table.remove(lastfirstTable);							-- get what should be the initials from the table
			end
			last = table.concat(lastfirstTable, ' ')							-- returns a string that is the concatenation of all other names that are not initials and generational suffix
			if not utilities.is_set (last) then
				first = '';														-- unset
				last = v_name;													-- last empty because something wrong with first
				add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl.name, i);
			end
			if mw.ustring.match (last, '%a+%s+%u+%s+%a+') then
				add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl['missing comma'], i);			-- matches last II last; the case when a comma is missing
			end
			if mw.ustring.match (v_name, ' %u %u$') then						-- this test is in the wrong place TODO: move or replace with a more appropriate test
				add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl.initials, i);					-- matches a space between two initials
			end
		else
			last = v_name;														-- last name or single corporate name?  Doesn't support multiword corporate names? do we need this?
		end
		
		if utilities.is_set (first) then
			if not mw.ustring.match (first, &quot;^%u?%u$&quot;) then						-- first shall contain one or two upper-case letters, nothing else
				add_vanc_error (cfg.err_msg_supl.initials, i);					-- too many initials; mixed case initials (which may be ok Romanization); hyphenated initials
			end
			is_good_vanc_name (last, first, suffix, i);							-- check first and last before restoring the suffix which may have a non-Latin digit
			if utilities.is_set (suffix) then
				first = first .. ' ' .. suffix;									-- if there was a suffix concatenate with the initials
				suffix = '';													-- unset so we don't add this suffix to all subsequent names
			end
		else
			if not corporate then
				is_good_vanc_name (last, '', nil, i);
			end
		end

		link = utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Link'], 'err_redundant_parameters', i ) or v_link_table[i];
		mask = utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Mask'], 'err_redundant_parameters', i );
		names[i] = {last = last, first = first, link = link, mask = mask, corporate = corporate};		-- add this assembled name to our names list
	end
	return names, etal;															-- all done, return our list of names
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E L E C T _ A U T H O R _ E D I T O R _ S O U R C E &gt;------------------------

Select one of |authors=, |authorn= / |lastn / firstn=, or |vauthors= as the source of the author name list or
select one of |editorn= / editor-lastn= / |editor-firstn= or |veditors= as the source of the editor name list.

Only one of these appropriate three will be used.  The hierarchy is: |authorn= (and aliases) highest and |authors= lowest;
|editorn= (and aliases) highest and |veditors= lowest (support for |editors= withdrawn)

When looking for |authorn= / |editorn= parameters, test |xxxxor1= and |xxxxor2= (and all of their aliases); stops after the second
test which mimicks the test used in extract_names() when looking for a hole in the author name list.  There may be a better
way to do this, I just haven't discovered what that way is.

Emits an error message when more than one xxxxor name source is provided.

In this function, vxxxxors = vauthors or veditors; xxxxors = authors as appropriate.

]]

local function select_author_editor_source (vxxxxors, xxxxors, args, list_name)
	local lastfirst = false;
	if utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Last'], 'none', 1 ) or		-- do this twice in case we have a |first1= without a |last1=; this ...
		utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-First'], 'none', 1 ) or		-- ... also catches the case where |first= is used with |vauthors=
		utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-Last'], 'none', 2 ) or
		utilities.select_one ( args, cfg.aliases[list_name .. '-First'], 'none', 2 ) then
			lastfirst = true;
	end

	if (utilities.is_set (vxxxxors) and true == lastfirst) or					-- these are the three error conditions
		(utilities.is_set (vxxxxors) and utilities.is_set (xxxxors)) or
		(true == lastfirst and utilities.is_set (xxxxors)) then
			local err_name;
			if 'AuthorList' == list_name then									-- figure out which name should be used in error message
				err_name = 'author';
			else
				err_name = 'editor';
			end
			utilities.set_message ('err_redundant_parameters', err_name .. '-name-list parameters');	-- add error message
	end

	if true == lastfirst then return 1 end;										-- return a number indicating which author name source to use
	if utilities.is_set (vxxxxors) then return 2 end;
	if utilities.is_set (xxxxors) then return 3 end;
	return 1;																	-- no authors so return 1; this allows missing author name test to run in case there is a first without last 
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ V A L I D _ P A R A M E T E R _ V A L U E &gt;------------------------------

This function is used to validate a parameter's assigned value for those parameters that have only a limited number
of allowable values (yes, y, true, live, dead, etc.).  When the parameter value has not been assigned a value (missing
or empty in the source template) the function returns the value specified by ret_val.  If the parameter value is one
of the list of allowed values returns the translated value; else, emits an error message and returns the value
specified by ret_val.

TODO: explain &lt;invert&gt;

]]

local function is_valid_parameter_value (value, name, possible, ret_val, invert)
	if not utilities.is_set (value) then
		return ret_val;															-- an empty parameter is ok
	end

	if (not invert and utilities.in_array (value, possible)) then				-- normal; &lt;value&gt; is in &lt;possible&gt; table
		return cfg.keywords_xlate[value];										-- return translation of parameter keyword
	elseif invert and not utilities.in_array (value, possible) then				-- invert; &lt;value&gt; is not in &lt;possible&gt; table
		return value;															-- return &lt;value&gt; as it is
	else
		utilities.set_message ('err_invalid_param_val', {name, value});			-- not an allowed value so add error message
		return ret_val;
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; T E R M I N A T E _ N A M E _ L I S T &gt;----------------------------------------

This function terminates a name list (author, contributor, editor) with a separator character (sepc) and a space
when the last character is not a sepc character or when the last three characters are not sepc followed by two
closing square brackets (close of a wikilink).  When either of these is true, the name_list is terminated with a
single space character.

]]

local function terminate_name_list (name_list, sepc)
	if (string.sub (name_list, -3, -1) == sepc .. '. ') then					-- if already properly terminated
		return name_list;														-- just return the name list
	elseif (string.sub (name_list, -1, -1) == sepc) or (string.sub (name_list, -3, -1) == sepc .. ']]') then	-- if last name in list ends with sepc char
		return name_list .. &quot; &quot;;												-- don't add another
	else
		return name_list .. sepc .. ' ';										-- otherwise terminate the name list
	end
end


--[[-------------------------&lt; F O R M A T _ V O L U M E _ I S S U E &gt;-----------------------------------------

returns the concatenation of the formatted volume and issue (or journal article number) parameters as a single
string; or formatted volume or formatted issue, or an empty string if neither are set.

]]
	
local function format_volume_issue (volume, issue, article, cite_class, origin, sepc, lower)
	if not utilities.is_set (volume) and not utilities.is_set (issue) and not utilities.is_set (article) then
		return '';
	end

	-- same condition as in format_pages_sheets()
	local is_journal = 'journal' == cite_class or (utilities.in_array (cite_class, {'citation', 'map', 'interview'}) and 'journal' == origin);

	local is_numeric_vol = volume and (volume:match ('^[MDCLXVI]+$') or volume:match ('^%d+$'));	-- is only uppercase roman numerals or only digits?
	local is_long_vol = volume and (4 &lt; mw.ustring.len(volume));				-- is |volume= value longer than 4 characters?
	
	if volume and (not is_numeric_vol and is_long_vol) then						-- when not all digits or Roman numerals, is |volume= longer than 4 characters?
		utilities.add_prop_cat ('long-vol');									-- yes, add properties cat
	end

	if is_journal then															-- journal-style formatting
		local vol = '';

		if utilities.is_set (volume) then
			if is_numeric_vol then												-- |volume= value all digits or all uppercase Roman numerals?
				vol = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['vol-bold'], {sepc, volume});	-- render in bold face
			elseif is_long_vol then												-- not all digits or Roman numerals; longer than 4 characters?
				vol = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['j-vol'], {sepc, utilities.hyphen_to_dash (volume)});	-- not bold
			else																-- four or fewer characters
				vol = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['vol-bold'], {sepc, utilities.hyphen_to_dash (volume)});	-- bold
			end
		end
		vol = vol .. (utilities.is_set (issue) and utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['j-issue'], issue) or '')
		vol = vol .. (utilities.is_set (article) and utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['j-article-num'], article) or '')
		return vol;
	end
	
	if 'podcast' == cite_class and utilities.is_set (issue) then
		return wrap_msg ('issue', {sepc, issue}, lower);
	end
	
	if 'conference' == cite_class and utilities.is_set (article) then			-- |article-number= supported only in journal and conference cites
		if utilities.is_set (volume) and utilities.is_set (article) then		-- both volume and article number
			return wrap_msg ('vol-art', {sepc, utilities.hyphen_to_dash (volume), article}, lower);
		elseif utilities.is_set (article) then									-- article number alone; when volume alone, handled below
			return wrap_msg ('art', {sepc, article}, lower);
		end
	end

	-- all other types of citation
	if utilities.is_set (volume) and utilities.is_set (issue) then
		return wrap_msg ('vol-no', {sepc, utilities.hyphen_to_dash (volume), issue}, lower);
	elseif utilities.is_set (volume) then
		return wrap_msg ('vol', {sepc, utilities.hyphen_to_dash (volume)}, lower);
	else
		return wrap_msg ('issue', {sepc, issue}, lower);
	end
end


--[[-------------------------&lt; F O R M A T _ P A G E S _ S H E E T S &gt;-----------------------------------------

adds static text to one of |page(s)= or |sheet(s)= values and returns it with all of the others set to empty strings.
The return order is:
	page, pages, sheet, sheets

Singular has priority over plural when both are provided.

]]

local function format_pages_sheets (page, pages, sheet, sheets, cite_class, origin, sepc, nopp, lower)
	if 'map' == cite_class then													-- only cite map supports sheet(s) as in-source locators
		if utilities.is_set (sheet) then
			if 'journal' == origin then
				return '', '', wrap_msg ('j-sheet', sheet, lower), '';
			else
				return '', '', wrap_msg ('sheet', {sepc, sheet}, lower), '';
			end
		elseif utilities.is_set (sheets) then
			if 'journal' == origin then
				return '', '', '', wrap_msg ('j-sheets', sheets, lower);
			else
				return '', '', '', wrap_msg ('sheets', {sepc, sheets}, lower);
			end
		end
	end

	local is_journal = 'journal' == cite_class or (utilities.in_array (cite_class, {'citation', 'map', 'interview'}) and 'journal' == origin);
	
	if utilities.is_set (page) then
		if is_journal then
			return utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['j-page(s)'], page), '', '', '';
		elseif not nopp then
			return utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['p-prefix'], {sepc, page}), '', '', '';
		else
			return utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['nopp'], {sepc, page}), '', '', '';
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (pages) then
		if is_journal then
			return utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['j-page(s)'], pages), '', '', '';
		elseif tonumber(pages) ~= nil and not nopp then							-- if pages is only digits, assume a single page number
			return '', utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['p-prefix'], {sepc, pages}), '', '';
		elseif not nopp then
			return '', utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['pp-prefix'], {sepc, pages}), '', '';
		else
			return '', utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['nopp'], {sepc, pages}), '', '';
		end
	end
	
	return '', '', '', '';														-- return empty strings
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I N S O U R C E _ L O C _ G E T &gt;----------------------------------------------

returns one of the in-source locators: page, pages, or at. 

If any of these are interwiki links to Wikisource, returns the label portion of the interwiki-link as plain text
for use in COinS.  This COinS thing is done because here we convert an interwiki-link to an external link and
add an icon span around that; get_coins_pages() doesn't know about the span.  TODO: should it?  

TODO: add support for sheet and sheets?; streamline;

TODO: make it so that this function returns only one of the three as the single in-source (the return value assigned
to a new name)?

]]

local function insource_loc_get (page, page_orig, pages, pages_orig, at)
	local ws_url, ws_label, coins_pages, L;										-- for Wikisource interwiki-links; TODO: this corrupts page metadata (span remains in place after cleanup; fix there?)

	if utilities.is_set (page) then
		if utilities.is_set (pages) or utilities.is_set (at) then
			pages = '';															-- unset the others
			at = '';
		end
		extra_text_in_page_check (page, page_orig);								-- emit error message when |page= value begins with what looks like p., pp., etc.

		ws_url, ws_label, L = wikisource_url_make (page);						-- make ws URL from |page= interwiki link; link portion L becomes tooltip label
		if ws_url then
			page = external_link (ws_url, ws_label .. '&amp;nbsp;', 'ws link in page');	-- space char after label to move icon away from in-source text; TODO: a better way to do this?
			page = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['interwiki-icon'], {cfg.presentation['class-wikisource'], L, page});
			coins_pages = ws_label;
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (pages) then
		if utilities.is_set (at) then
			at = '';															-- unset
		end
		extra_text_in_page_check (pages, pages_orig);							-- emit error message when |page= value begins with what looks like p., pp., etc.

		ws_url, ws_label, L = wikisource_url_make (pages);						-- make ws URL from |pages= interwiki link; link portion L becomes tooltip label
		if ws_url then
			pages = external_link (ws_url, ws_label .. '&amp;nbsp;', 'ws link in pages');	-- space char after label to move icon away from in-source text; TODO: a better way to do this?
			pages = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['interwiki-icon'], {cfg.presentation['class-wikisource'], L, pages});
			coins_pages = ws_label;
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (at) then
		ws_url, ws_label, L = wikisource_url_make (at);							-- make ws URL from |at= interwiki link; link portion L becomes tooltip label
		if ws_url then
			at = external_link (ws_url, ws_label .. '&amp;nbsp;', 'ws link in at');	-- space char after label to move icon away from in-source text; TODO: a better way to do this?
			at = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['interwiki-icon'], {cfg.presentation['class-wikisource'], L, at});
			coins_pages = ws_label;
		end
	end
	
	return page, pages, at, coins_pages;
end

--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ U N I Q U E _ A R C H I V E _ U R L &gt;------------------------------------

add error message when |archive-url= value is same as |url= or chapter-url= (or alias...) value

]]

local function is_unique_archive_url (archive, url, c_url, source, date)
	if utilities.is_set (archive) then
		if archive == url or archive == c_url then
			utilities.set_message ('err_bad_url', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', source)});	-- add error message
			return '', '';														-- unset |archive-url= and |archive-date= because same as |url= or |chapter-url=
		end
	end

	return archive, date;
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; A R C H I V E _ U R L _ C H E C K &gt;--------------------------------------------

Check archive.org URLs to make sure they at least look like they are pointing at valid archives and not to the 
save snapshot URL or to calendar pages.  When the archive URL is 'https://web.archive.org/save/' (or http://...)
archive.org saves a snapshot of the target page in the URL.  That is something that Wikipedia should not allow
unwitting readers to do.

When the archive.org URL does not have a complete timestamp, archive.org chooses a snapshot according to its own
algorithm or provides a calendar 'search' result.  [[WP:ELNO]] discourages links to search results.

This function looks at the value assigned to |archive-url= and returns empty strings for |archive-url= and
|archive-date= and an error message when:
	|archive-url= holds an archive.org save command URL
	|archive-url= is an archive.org URL that does not have a complete timestamp (YYYYMMDDhhmmss 14 digits) in the
		correct place
otherwise returns |archive-url= and |archive-date=

There are two mostly compatible archive.org URLs:
	//web.archive.org/&lt;timestamp&gt;...		-- the old form
	//web.archive.org/web/&lt;timestamp&gt;...	-- the new form

The old form does not support or map to the new form when it contains a display flag.  There are four identified flags
('id_', 'js_', 'cs_', 'im_') but since archive.org ignores others following the same form (two letters and an underscore)
we don't check for these specific flags but we do check the form.

This function supports a preview mode.  When the article is rendered in preview mode, this function may return a modified
archive URL:
	for save command errors, return undated wildcard (/*/)
	for timestamp errors when the timestamp has a wildcard, return the URL unmodified
	for timestamp errors when the timestamp does not have a wildcard, return with timestamp limited to six digits plus wildcard (/yyyymm*/)

A secondary function is to return an archive-url timestamp from those urls that have them (archive.org and
archive.today).  The timestamp is used by validation.archive_date_check() to see if the value in |archive-date=
matches the timestamp in the archive url.

]=]

local function archive_url_check (url, date)
	local err_msg = '';															-- start with the error message empty
	local path, timestamp, flag;												-- portions of the archive.org URL
	
	timestamp = url:match ('//archive.today/(%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d)/') or	-- get timestamp from archive.today urls
		url:match ('//archive.today/(%d%d%d%d%.%d%d%.%d%d%-%d%d%d%d%d%d)/');		-- this timestamp needs cleanup
	if timestamp then															-- if this was an archive.today url ...
		return url, date, timestamp:gsub ('[%.%-]', '');						-- return ArchiveURL, ArchiveDate, and timestamp (dots and dashes removed) from |archive-url=, and done
	end
																				-- here for archive.org urls
	if (not url:match('//web%.archive%.org/')) and (not url:match('//liveweb%.archive%.org/')) then		-- also deprecated liveweb Wayback machine URL
		return url, date;														-- not an archive.org archive, return ArchiveURL and ArchiveDate
	end

	if url:match('//web%.archive%.org/save/') then								-- if a save command URL, we don't want to allow saving of the target page 
		err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.save;
		url = url:gsub ('(//web%.archive%.org)/save/', '%1/*/', 1);				-- for preview mode: modify ArchiveURL
	elseif url:match('//liveweb%.archive%.org/') then
		err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.liveweb;
	else
		path, timestamp, flag = url:match('//web%.archive%.org/([^%d]*)(%d+)([^/]*)/');	-- split out some of the URL parts for evaluation
		if not path then														-- malformed in some way; pattern did not match
			err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.timestamp;
		elseif 14 ~= timestamp:len() then										-- path and flag optional, must have 14-digit timestamp here
			err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.timestamp;
			if '*' ~= flag then
				local replacement = timestamp:match ('^%d%d%d%d%d%d') or timestamp:match ('^%d%d%d%d');	-- get the first 6 (YYYYMM) or first 4 digits (YYYY)
				if replacement then												-- nil if there aren't at least 4 digits (year)
					replacement = replacement .. string.rep ('0', 14 - replacement:len());	-- year or yearmo (4 or 6 digits) zero-fill to make 14-digit timestamp
					url=url:gsub ('(//web%.archive%.org/[^%d]*)%d[^/]*', '%1' .. replacement .. '*', 1)	-- for preview, modify ts to 14 digits plus splat for calendar display
				end
			end
		elseif utilities.is_set (path) and 'web/' ~= path then					-- older archive URLs do not have the extra 'web/' path element
			err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.path;
		elseif utilities.is_set (flag) and not utilities.is_set (path) then		-- flag not allowed with the old form URL (without the 'web/' path element)
			err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.flag;
		elseif utilities.is_set (flag) and not flag:match ('%a%a_') then		-- flag if present must be two alpha characters and underscore (requires 'web/' path element)
			err_msg = cfg.err_msg_supl.flag;
		else
			return url, date, timestamp;										-- return ArchiveURL, ArchiveDate, and timestamp from |archive-url=
		end
	end
																				-- if here, something not right so
	utilities.set_message ('err_archive_url', {err_msg});						-- add error message and

	if is_preview_mode then
		return url, date, timestamp;											-- preview mode so return ArchiveURL, ArchiveDate, and timestamp from |archive-url=
	else
		return '', '';															-- return empty strings for ArchiveURL and ArchiveDate
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; P L A C E _ C H E C K &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

check |place=, |publication-place=, |location= to see if these params include digits.  This function added because
many editors misuse location to specify the in-source location (|page(s)= and |at= are supposed to do that)

returns the original parameter value without modification; added maint cat when parameter value contains digits

]]

local function place_check (param_val)
	if not utilities.is_set (param_val) then									-- parameter empty or omitted
		return param_val;														-- return that empty state
	end
	
	if mw.ustring.find (param_val, '%d') then									-- not empty, are there digits in the parameter value
		utilities.set_message ('maint_location');								-- yep, add maint cat
	end
	
	return param_val;															-- and done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ A R C H I V E D _ C O P Y &gt;----------------------------------------------

compares |title= to 'Archived copy' (placeholder added by bots that can't find proper title); if matches, return true; nil else

]]

local function is_archived_copy (title)
	title = mw.ustring.lower(title);											-- switch title to lower case
	if title:find (cfg.special_case_translation.archived_copy.en) then			-- if title is 'Archived copy'
		return true;
	elseif cfg.special_case_translation.archived_copy['local'] then
		if mw.ustring.find (title, cfg.special_case_translation.archived_copy['local']) then	-- mw.ustring() because might not be Latin script
			return true;
		end
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; D I S P L A Y _ N A M E S _ S E L E C T &gt;--------------------------------------

for any of the |display-authors=, |display-editors=, etc parameters, select either the local or global setting.
When both are present, look at &lt;local_display_names&gt; value.  When the value is some sort of 'et al.'string,
special handling is required.

When {{cs1 config}} has |display-&lt;namelist&gt;= AND this template has |display-&lt;namelist&gt;=etal AND:
	the number of names specified by &lt;number_of_names&gt; is:
		greater than the number specified in the global |display-&lt;namelist&gt;= parameter (&lt;global_display_names&gt;)
			use global |display-&lt;namelist&gt;= parameter value
			set overridden maint category
		less than or equal to the number specified in the global |display-&lt;namelist&gt;=  parameter
			use local |display-&lt;namelist&gt;= parameter value

The purpose of this function is to prevent categorizing a template that has fewer names than the global setting
to keep the etal annotation specified by &lt;local_display_names&gt;.

]]

local function display_names_select (global_display_names, local_display_names, param_name, number_of_names, test)
	if global_display_names and utilities.is_set (local_display_names) then		-- when both
		if 'etal' == local_display_names:lower():gsub(&quot;[ '%.]&quot;, '') then		-- the :gsub() portion makes 'etal' from a variety of 'et al.' spellings and stylings
			number_of_names = tonumber (number_of_names);						-- convert these to numbers for comparison
			local global_display_names_num = tonumber (global_display_names);	-- &lt;global_display_names&gt; not set when parameter value is not digits

			if number_of_names &gt; global_display_names_num then					-- template has more names than global config allows to be displayed?
				utilities.set_message ('maint_overridden_setting');				-- set a maint message because global is overriding local |display-&lt;namelist&gt;=etal
				return global_display_names, 'cs1 config';						-- return global with spoof parameter name (for get_display_names())
			else
				return local_display_names, param_name;							-- return local because fewer names so let &lt;local_display_names&gt; control
			end
		end
																				-- here when &lt;global_display_names&gt; and &lt;local_display_names&gt; both numbers; &lt;global_display_names&gt; controls
		utilities.set_message ('maint_overridden_setting');						-- set a maint message
		return global_display_names, 'cs1 config';								-- return global with spoof parameter name (for get_display_names())
	end
																				-- here when only one of &lt;global_display_names&gt; or &lt;local_display_names&gt; set
	if global_display_names then
		return global_display_names, 'cs1 config';								-- return global with spoof parameter name (for get_display_names())
	else
		return local_display_names, param_name;									-- return local
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C I T A T I O N 0 &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

This is the main function doing the majority of the citation formatting.

]]

local function citation0( config, args )
	--[[ 
	Load Input Parameters
	The argument_wrapper facilitates the mapping of multiple aliases to single internal variable.
	]]
	local A = argument_wrapper ( args );
	local i 

	-- Pick out the relevant fields from the arguments.  Different citation templates
	-- define different field names for the same underlying things.	

	local author_etal;
	local a	= {};																-- authors list from |lastn= / |firstn= pairs or |vauthors=
	local Authors;
	local NameListStyle;
		if cfg.global_cs1_config_t['NameListStyle'] then						-- global setting in {{cs1 config}} overrides local |name-list-style= parameter value; nil when empty or assigned value invalid
			NameListStyle = is_valid_parameter_value (cfg.global_cs1_config_t['NameListStyle'], 'cs1 config: name-list-style', cfg.keywords_lists['name-list-style'], '');	-- error messaging 'param' here is a hoax
		else
			NameListStyle = is_valid_parameter_value (A['NameListStyle'], A:ORIGIN('NameListStyle'), cfg.keywords_lists['name-list-style'], '');
		end

		if cfg.global_cs1_config_t['NameListStyle'] and utilities.is_set (A['NameListStyle']) then	-- when template has |name-list-style=&lt;something&gt; which global setting has overridden
			utilities.set_message ('maint_overridden_setting');					-- set a maint message
		end

	local Collaboration = A['Collaboration'];

	do																			-- to limit scope of selected
		local selected = select_author_editor_source (A['Vauthors'], A['Authors'], args, 'AuthorList');
		if 1 == selected then
			a, author_etal = extract_names (args, 'AuthorList');				-- fetch author list from |authorn= / |lastn= / |firstn=, |author-linkn=, and |author-maskn=
		elseif 2 == selected then
			NameListStyle = 'vanc';												-- override whatever |name-list-style= might be
			a, author_etal = parse_vauthors_veditors (args, A['Vauthors'], 'AuthorList');	-- fetch author list from |vauthors=, |author-linkn=, and |author-maskn=
		elseif 3 == selected then
			Authors = A['Authors'];												-- use content of |people= or |credits=; |authors= is deprecated; TODO: constrain |people= and |credits= to cite av media, episode, serial?
		end
		if utilities.is_set (Collaboration) then
			author_etal = true;													-- so that |display-authors=etal not required
		end
	end

	local editor_etal;
	local e	= {};																-- editors list from |editor-lastn= / |editor-firstn= pairs or |veditors=

	do																			-- to limit scope of selected
		local selected = select_author_editor_source (A['Veditors'], nil, args, 'EditorList');	-- support for |editors= withdrawn
		if 1 == selected then
			e, editor_etal = extract_names (args, 'EditorList');				-- fetch editor list from |editorn= / |editor-lastn= / |editor-firstn=, |editor-linkn=, and |editor-maskn=
		elseif 2 == selected then
			NameListStyle = 'vanc';												-- override whatever |name-list-style= might be
			e, editor_etal = parse_vauthors_veditors (args, args.veditors, 'EditorList');	-- fetch editor list from |veditors=, |editor-linkn=, and |editor-maskn=
		end
	end
							
	local Chapter = A['Chapter'];												-- done here so that we have access to |contribution= from |chapter= aliases
	local Chapter_origin = A:ORIGIN ('Chapter');
	local Contribution;															-- because contribution is required for contributor(s)
		if 'contribution' == Chapter_origin then
			Contribution = Chapter;												-- get the name of the contribution
		end
	local c = {};																-- contributors list from |contributor-lastn= / contributor-firstn= pairs
	
	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {&quot;book&quot;, &quot;citation&quot;}) and not utilities.is_set (A['Periodical']) then	-- |contributor= and |contribution= only supported in book cites
		c = extract_names (args, 'ContributorList');							-- fetch contributor list from |contributorn= / |contributor-lastn=, -firstn=, -linkn=, -maskn=
		
		if 0 &lt; #c then
			if not utilities.is_set (Contribution) then							-- |contributor= requires |contribution=
				utilities.set_message ('err_contributor_missing_required_param', 'contribution');	-- add missing contribution error message
				c = {};															-- blank the contributors' table; it is used as a flag later
			end
			if 0 == #a then														-- |contributor= requires |author=
				utilities.set_message ('err_contributor_missing_required_param', 'author');	-- add missing author error message
				c = {};															-- blank the contributors' table; it is used as a flag later
			end
		end
	else																		-- if not a book cite
		if utilities.select_one (args, cfg.aliases['ContributorList-Last'], 'err_redundant_parameters', 1 ) then	-- are there contributor name list parameters?
			utilities.set_message ('err_contributor_ignored');					-- add contributor ignored error message
		end
		Contribution = nil;														-- unset
	end

	local Title = A['Title'];
	local TitleLink = A['TitleLink'];

	local auto_select = '';														-- default is auto
	local accept_link;
	TitleLink, accept_link = utilities.has_accept_as_written (TitleLink, true);	-- test for accept-this-as-written markup
	if (not accept_link) and utilities.in_array (TitleLink, {'none', 'pmc', 'doi'}) then -- check for special keywords
		auto_select = TitleLink;												-- remember selection for later
		TitleLink = '';															-- treat as if |title-link= would have been empty
	end

	TitleLink = link_title_ok (TitleLink, A:ORIGIN ('TitleLink'), Title, 'title');	-- check for wiki-markup in |title-link= or wiki-markup in |title= when |title-link= is set

	local Section = '';															-- {{cite map}} only; preset to empty string for concatenation if not used
	if 'map' == config.CitationClass and 'section' == Chapter_origin then
		Section = A['Chapter'];													-- get |section= from |chapter= alias list; |chapter= and the other aliases not supported in {{cite map}}
		Chapter = '';															-- unset for now; will be reset later from |map= if present
	end

	local Periodical = A['Periodical'];
	local Periodical_origin = A:ORIGIN('Periodical');
	local ScriptPeriodical = A['ScriptPeriodical'];
	local ScriptPeriodical_origin = A:ORIGIN('ScriptPeriodical');
	local TransPeriodical =  A['TransPeriodical'];
	local TransPeriodical_origin =  A:ORIGIN ('TransPeriodical');
	
	if (utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'book', 'encyclopaedia'}) and (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical) or utilities.is_set (TransPeriodical))) then
		local param;
		if utilities.is_set (Periodical) then									-- get a parameter name from one of these periodical related meta-parameters
			Periodical = '';													-- unset because not valid {{cite book}} or {{cite encyclopedia}} parameters 
			param = Periodical_origin											-- get parameter name for error messaging
		elseif utilities.is_set (TransPeriodical) then
			TransPeriodical = '';												-- unset because not valid {{cite book}} or {{cite encyclopedia}} parameters 
			param = TransPeriodical_origin;										-- get parameter name for error messaging
		elseif utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical) then
			ScriptPeriodical = '';												-- unset because not valid {{cite book}} or {{cite encyclopedia}} parameters 
			param = ScriptPeriodical_origin;									-- get parameter name for error messaging
		end

		if utilities.is_set (param) then										-- if we found one
			utilities.set_message ('err_periodical_ignored', {param});			-- emit an error message
		end
	end

	if utilities.is_set (Periodical) then
		local i;
		Periodical, i = utilities.strip_apostrophe_markup (Periodical);			-- strip apostrophe markup so that metadata isn't contaminated 
		if i then																-- non-zero when markup was stripped so emit an error message
			utilities.set_message ('err_apostrophe_markup', {Periodical_origin});
		end
	end

	if 'mailinglist' == config.CitationClass then								-- special case for {{cite mailing list}}
		if utilities.is_set (Periodical) and utilities.is_set (A ['MailingList']) then	-- both set emit an error TODO: make a function for this and similar?
			utilities.set_message ('err_redundant_parameters', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', Periodical_origin) .. cfg.presentation['sep_list_pair'] .. utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'mailinglist')});
		end

		Periodical = A ['MailingList'];											-- error or no, set Periodical to |mailinglist= value because this template is {{cite mailing list}}
		Periodical_origin = A:ORIGIN('MailingList');
	end

	-- web and news not tested for now because of 
	-- Wikipedia:Administrators%27_noticeboard#Is_there_a_semi-automated_tool_that_could_fix_these_annoying_&quot;Cite_Web&quot;_errors?
	if not (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical)) then	-- 'periodical' templates require periodical parameter
	--	local p = {['journal'] = 'journal', ['magazine'] = 'magazine', ['news'] = 'newspaper', ['web'] = 'website'};	-- for error message
		local p = {['journal'] = 'journal', ['magazine'] = 'magazine'};			-- for error message
		if p[config.CitationClass]  then
			utilities.set_message ('err_missing_periodical', {config.CitationClass, p[config.CitationClass]});
		end
	end
	
	local Volume;
	if 'citation' == config.CitationClass then
		if utilities.is_set (Periodical) then
			if not utilities.in_array (Periodical_origin, cfg.citation_no_volume_t) then	-- {{citation}} does not render |volume= when these parameters are used
				Volume = A['Volume'];											-- but does for all other 'periodicals'
			end
		elseif utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical) then
			if 'script-website' ~= ScriptPeriodical_origin then					-- {{citation}} does not render volume for |script-website=
				Volume = A['Volume'];											-- but does for all other 'periodicals'
			end
		else
			Volume = A['Volume'];												-- and does for non-'periodical' cites
		end
	elseif utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, cfg.templates_using_volume) then	-- render |volume= for cs1 according to the configuration settings
		Volume = A['Volume'];
	end	
	extra_text_in_vol_iss_check (Volume, A:ORIGIN ('Volume'), 'v');	

	local Issue;
	if 'citation' == config.CitationClass then
		if utilities.is_set (Periodical) and utilities.in_array (Periodical_origin, cfg.citation_issue_t) then	-- {{citation}} may render |issue= when these parameters are used
			Issue = utilities.hyphen_to_dash (A['Issue']);
		end
	elseif utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, cfg.templates_using_issue) then	-- conference &amp; map books do not support issue; {{citation}} listed here because included in settings table
		if not (utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'conference', 'map', 'citation'}) and not (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical))) then
			Issue = utilities.hyphen_to_dash (A['Issue']);
		end
	end
	
	local ArticleNumber;

	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'journal', 'conference'}) or ('citation' == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Periodical) and 'journal' == Periodical_origin) then
		ArticleNumber = A['ArticleNumber'];
	end

	extra_text_in_vol_iss_check (Issue, A:ORIGIN ('Issue'), 'i');	

	local Page;
	local Pages;
	local At;
	local QuotePage;
	local QuotePages;
	if not utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, cfg.templates_not_using_page) then		-- TODO: rewrite to emit ignored parameter error message?
		Page = A['Page'];
		Pages = utilities.hyphen_to_dash (A['Pages']);	
		At = A['At'];
		QuotePage = A['QuotePage'];
		QuotePages = utilities.hyphen_to_dash (A['QuotePages']);
	end

	local Edition = A['Edition'];
	local PublicationPlace = place_check (A['PublicationPlace'], A:ORIGIN('PublicationPlace'));
	local Place = place_check (A['Place'], A:ORIGIN('Place'));
	
	local PublisherName = A['PublisherName'];
	local PublisherName_origin = A:ORIGIN('PublisherName');
	if utilities.is_set (PublisherName) and (cfg.keywords_xlate['none'] ~= PublisherName) then
		local i = 0;
		PublisherName, i = utilities.strip_apostrophe_markup (PublisherName);	-- strip apostrophe markup so that metadata isn't contaminated; publisher is never italicized
		if i and (0 &lt; i) then													-- non-zero when markup was stripped so emit an error message
			utilities.set_message ('err_apostrophe_markup', {PublisherName_origin});
		end
	end
	
	if ('document' == config.CitationClass) and not utilities.is_set (PublisherName) then
		utilities.set_message ('err_missing_publisher', {config.CitationClass, 'publisher'});
	end

	local Newsgroup = A['Newsgroup'];											-- TODO: strip apostrophe markup?
	local Newsgroup_origin = A:ORIGIN('Newsgroup');	

	if 'newsgroup' == config.CitationClass then
		if utilities.is_set (PublisherName) and (cfg.keywords_xlate['none'] ~= PublisherName) then	-- general use parameter |publisher= not allowed in cite newsgroup
			utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored', {PublisherName_origin});
		end

		PublisherName = nil;													-- ensure that this parameter is unset for the time being; will be used again after COinS
	end

	local URL = A['URL'];														-- TODO: better way to do this for URL, ChapterURL, and MapURL?
	local UrlAccess = is_valid_parameter_value (A['UrlAccess'], A:ORIGIN('UrlAccess'), cfg.keywords_lists['url-access'], nil);
	
	if not utilities.is_set (URL) and utilities.is_set (UrlAccess) then
		UrlAccess = nil;
		utilities.set_message ('err_param_access_requires_param', 'url');
	end
	
	local ChapterURL = A['ChapterURL'];
	local ChapterUrlAccess = is_valid_parameter_value (A['ChapterUrlAccess'], A:ORIGIN('ChapterUrlAccess'), cfg.keywords_lists['url-access'], nil);
	if not utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) and utilities.is_set (ChapterUrlAccess) then
		ChapterUrlAccess = nil;
		utilities.set_message ('err_param_access_requires_param', {A:ORIGIN('ChapterUrlAccess'):gsub ('%-access', '')});
	end

	local MapUrlAccess = is_valid_parameter_value (A['MapUrlAccess'], A:ORIGIN('MapUrlAccess'), cfg.keywords_lists['url-access'], nil);
	if not utilities.is_set (A['MapURL']) and utilities.is_set (MapUrlAccess) then
		MapUrlAccess = nil;
		utilities.set_message ('err_param_access_requires_param', {'map-url'});
	end

	local this_page = mw.title.getCurrentTitle();								-- also used for COinS and for language
	local no_tracking_cats = is_valid_parameter_value (A['NoTracking'], A:ORIGIN('NoTracking'), cfg.keywords_lists['yes_true_y'], nil);

	-- check this page to see if it is in one of the namespaces that cs1 is not supposed to add to the error categories
	if not utilities.is_set (no_tracking_cats) then								-- ignore if we are already not going to categorize this page
		if cfg.uncategorized_namespaces[this_page.namespace] then				-- is this page's namespace id one of the uncategorized namespace ids?
			no_tracking_cats = &quot;true&quot;;											-- set no_tracking_cats
		end
		for _, v in ipairs (cfg.uncategorized_subpages) do						-- cycle through page name patterns
			if this_page.text:match (v) then									-- test page name against each pattern
				no_tracking_cats = &quot;true&quot;;										-- set no_tracking_cats
				break;															-- bail out if one is found
			end
		end
	end
																				-- check for extra |page=, |pages= or |at= parameters. (also sheet and sheets while we're at it)
	utilities.select_one (args, {'page', 'p', 'pp', 'pages', 'at', 'sheet', 'sheets'}, 'err_redundant_parameters');	-- this is a dummy call simply to get the error message and category

	local coins_pages;
	
	Page, Pages, At, coins_pages = insource_loc_get (Page, A:ORIGIN('Page'), Pages, A:ORIGIN('Pages'), At);

	local NoPP = is_valid_parameter_value (A['NoPP'], A:ORIGIN('NoPP'), cfg.keywords_lists['yes_true_y'], nil);

	if utilities.is_set (PublicationPlace) and utilities.is_set (Place) then	-- both |publication-place= and |place= (|location=) allowed if different
		utilities.add_prop_cat ('location-test');								-- add property cat to evaluate how often PublicationPlace and Place are used together
		if PublicationPlace == Place then
			Place = '';															-- unset; don't need both if they are the same
		end
	elseif not utilities.is_set (PublicationPlace) and utilities.is_set (Place) then	-- when only |place= (|location=) is set ...
		PublicationPlace = Place;												-- promote |place= (|location=) to |publication-place
	end

	if PublicationPlace == Place then Place = ''; end							-- don't need both if they are the same

	local URL_origin = A:ORIGIN('URL');											-- get name of parameter that holds URL
	local ChapterURL_origin = A:ORIGIN('ChapterURL');							-- get name of parameter that holds ChapterURL
	local ScriptChapter = A['ScriptChapter'];
	local ScriptChapter_origin = A:ORIGIN ('ScriptChapter');
	local Format = A['Format'];
	local ChapterFormat = A['ChapterFormat'];
	local TransChapter = A['TransChapter'];
	local TransChapter_origin = A:ORIGIN ('TransChapter');
	local TransTitle = A['TransTitle'];
	local ScriptTitle = A['ScriptTitle'];
	
	--[[
	Parameter remapping for cite encyclopedia:
	When the citation has these parameters:
		|encyclopedia= and |title= then map |title= to |article= and |encyclopedia= to |title= for rendering
		|encyclopedia= and |article= then map |encyclopedia= to |title= for rendering

		|trans-title= maps to |trans-chapter= when |title= is re-mapped
		|url= maps to |chapter-url= when |title= is remapped
	
	All other combinations of |encyclopedia=, |title=, and |article= are not modified
	
	]]

	local Encyclopedia = A['Encyclopedia'];										-- used as a flag by this module and by ~/COinS
	local ScriptEncyclopedia = A['ScriptEncyclopedia'];
	local TransEncyclopedia = A['TransEncyclopedia'];

	if utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia) or utilities.is_set (ScriptEncyclopedia) then	-- emit error message when Encyclopedia set but template is other than {{cite encyclopedia}} or {{citation}}
		if 'encyclopaedia' ~= config.CitationClass and 'citation' ~= config.CitationClass then
			if utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia) then
				utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored', {A:ORIGIN ('Encyclopedia')});
			else
				utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored', {A:ORIGIN ('ScriptEncyclopedia')});
			end
			Encyclopedia = nil;													-- unset these because not supported by this template
			ScriptEncyclopedia = nil;
			TransEncyclopedia = nil;
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (TransEncyclopedia) then
		utilities.set_message ('err_trans_missing_title', {'encyclopedia'});
	end

	if ('encyclopaedia' == config.CitationClass) or ('citation' == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia)) then
		if utilities.is_set (Periodical) and utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia) then	-- when both parameters set emit an error message; {{citation}} only; Periodical not allowed in {{cite encyclopedia}}
			utilities.set_message ('err_periodical_ignored', {Periodical_origin});
		end

		if utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia) or utilities.is_set (ScriptEncyclopedia) then
			Periodical = Encyclopedia;											-- error or no, set Periodical to Encyclopedia for rendering; {{citation}} could (not legitimately) have both; use Encyclopedia
			Periodical_origin = A:ORIGIN ('Encyclopedia');
			ScriptPeriodical = ScriptEncyclopedia;
			ScriptPeriodical_origin = A:ORIGIN ('ScriptEncyclopedia');

			if utilities.is_set (Title) or utilities.is_set (ScriptTitle) then
				if not utilities.is_set (Chapter) then
					Chapter = Title;											-- |encyclopedia= and |title= are set so map |title= params to |article= params for rendering
					ScriptChapter = ScriptTitle;
					ScriptChapter_origin = A:ORIGIN('ScriptTitle')
					TransChapter = TransTitle;
					ChapterURL = URL;
					ChapterURL_origin = URL_origin;
					ChapterUrlAccess = UrlAccess;
					ChapterFormat = Format;

					if not utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) and utilities.is_set (TitleLink) then
						Chapter = utilities.make_wikilink (TitleLink, Chapter);
					end
					Title = Periodical;											-- now map |encyclopedia= params to |title= params for rendering
					ScriptTitle = ScriptPeriodical or '';
					TransTitle = TransEncyclopedia or '';
					Periodical = '';											-- redundant so unset
					ScriptPeriodical = '';
					URL = '';
					Format = '';
					TitleLink = '';
				end
			elseif utilities.is_set (Chapter) or utilities.is_set (ScriptChapter) then	-- |title= not set
				Title = Periodical;												-- |encyclopedia= set and |article= set so map |encyclopedia= to |title= for rendering
				ScriptTitle = ScriptPeriodical or '';
				TransTitle = TransEncyclopedia or '';
				Periodical = '';												-- redundant so unset
				ScriptPeriodical = '';
			end
		end
	end

	-- special case for cite techreport.
	local ID = A['ID'];
	if (config.CitationClass == &quot;techreport&quot;) then								-- special case for cite techreport
		if utilities.is_set (A['Number']) then									-- cite techreport uses 'number', which other citations alias to 'issue'
			if not utilities.is_set (ID) then									-- can we use ID for the &quot;number&quot;?
				ID = A['Number'];												-- yes, use it
			else																-- ID has a value so emit error message
				utilities.set_message ('err_redundant_parameters', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'id') .. cfg.presentation['sep_list_pair'] .. utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'number')});
			end
		end	
	end

	-- Account for the oddity that is {{cite conference}}, before generation of COinS data.
	local ChapterLink -- = A['ChapterLink'];									-- deprecated as a parameter but still used internally by cite episode
	local Conference = A['Conference'];
	local BookTitle = A['BookTitle'];
	local TransTitle_origin = A:ORIGIN ('TransTitle');
	if 'conference' == config.CitationClass then
		if utilities.is_set (BookTitle) then
			Chapter = Title;
			Chapter_origin = 'title';
	--		ChapterLink = TitleLink;											-- |chapter-link= is deprecated
			ChapterURL = URL;
			ChapterUrlAccess = UrlAccess;
			ChapterURL_origin = URL_origin;
			URL_origin = '';
			ChapterFormat = Format;
			TransChapter = TransTitle;
			TransChapter_origin = TransTitle_origin;
			Title = BookTitle;
			Format = '';
	--		TitleLink = '';
			TransTitle = '';
			URL = '';
		end
	elseif 'speech' ~= config.CitationClass then
		Conference = '';														-- not cite conference or cite speech so make sure this is empty string
	end
	
	-- CS1/2 mode
	local Mode;
		if cfg.global_cs1_config_t['Mode'] then									-- global setting in {{cs1 config}} overrides local |mode= parameter value; nil when empty or assigned value invalid
			Mode = is_valid_parameter_value (cfg.global_cs1_config_t['Mode'], 'cs1 config: mode', cfg.keywords_lists['mode'], '');	-- error messaging 'param' here is a hoax
		else
			Mode = is_valid_parameter_value (A['Mode'], A:ORIGIN('Mode'), cfg.keywords_lists['mode'], '');
		end

		if cfg.global_cs1_config_t['Mode'] and utilities.is_set (A['Mode']) then	-- when template has |mode=&lt;something&gt; which global setting has overridden
			utilities.set_message ('maint_overridden_setting');					-- set a maint message
		end

	-- separator character and postscript
	local sepc, PostScript = set_style (Mode:lower(), A['PostScript'], config.CitationClass);
	-- controls capitalization of certain static text
	local use_lowercase = ( sepc == ',' );
	
	-- cite map oddities
	local Cartography = &quot;&quot;;
	local Scale = &quot;&quot;;
	local Sheet = A['Sheet'] or '';
	local Sheets = A['Sheets'] or '';
	if config.CitationClass == &quot;map&quot; then
		if utilities.is_set (Chapter) then										--TODO: make a function for this and similar?
			utilities.set_message ('err_redundant_parameters', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'map') .. cfg.presentation['sep_list_pair'] .. utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', Chapter_origin)});	-- add error message
		end
		Chapter = A['Map'];
		Chapter_origin = A:ORIGIN('Map');
		ChapterURL = A['MapURL'];
		ChapterURL_origin = A:ORIGIN('MapURL');
		TransChapter = A['TransMap'];
		ScriptChapter = A['ScriptMap']
		ScriptChapter_origin = A:ORIGIN('ScriptMap')

		ChapterUrlAccess = MapUrlAccess;
		ChapterFormat = A['MapFormat'];

		Cartography = A['Cartography'];
		if utilities.is_set ( Cartography ) then
			Cartography = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('cartography', Cartography, use_lowercase);
		end		
		Scale = A['Scale'];
		if utilities.is_set ( Scale ) then
			Scale = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. Scale;
		end
	end

	-- Account for the oddities that are {{cite episode}} and {{cite serial}}, before generation of COinS data.
	local Series = A['Series'];
	if 'episode' == config.CitationClass or 'serial' == config.CitationClass then
		local SeriesLink = A['SeriesLink'];

		SeriesLink = link_title_ok (SeriesLink, A:ORIGIN ('SeriesLink'), Series, 'series');	-- check for wiki-markup in |series-link= or wiki-markup in |series= when |series-link= is set

		local Network = A['Network'];
		local Station = A['Station'];
		local s, n = {}, {};
																				-- do common parameters first
		if utilities.is_set (Network) then table.insert(n, Network); end
		if utilities.is_set (Station) then table.insert(n, Station); end
		ID = table.concat(n, sepc .. ' ');
		
		if 'episode' == config.CitationClass then								-- handle the oddities that are strictly {{cite episode}}
			local Season = A['Season'];
			local SeriesNumber = A['SeriesNumber'];

			if utilities.is_set (Season) and utilities.is_set (SeriesNumber) then	-- these are mutually exclusive so if both are set TODO: make a function for this and similar?
				utilities.set_message ('err_redundant_parameters', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'season') .. cfg.presentation['sep_list_pair'] .. utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'seriesno')});		-- add error message
				SeriesNumber = '';												-- unset; prefer |season= over |seriesno=
			end
																				-- assemble a table of parts concatenated later into Series
			if utilities.is_set (Season) then table.insert(s, wrap_msg ('season', Season, use_lowercase)); end
			if utilities.is_set (SeriesNumber) then table.insert(s, wrap_msg ('seriesnum', SeriesNumber, use_lowercase)); end
			if utilities.is_set (Issue) then table.insert(s, wrap_msg ('episode', Issue, use_lowercase)); end
			Issue = '';															-- unset because this is not a unique parameter
	
			Chapter = Title;													-- promote title parameters to chapter
			ScriptChapter = ScriptTitle;
			ScriptChapter_origin = A:ORIGIN('ScriptTitle');
			ChapterLink = TitleLink;											-- alias |episode-link=
			TransChapter = TransTitle;
			ChapterURL = URL;
			ChapterUrlAccess = UrlAccess;
			ChapterURL_origin = URL_origin;
			ChapterFormat = Format;

			Title = Series;														-- promote series to title
			TitleLink = SeriesLink;
			Series = table.concat(s, sepc .. ' ');								-- this is concatenation of season, seriesno, episode number

			if utilities.is_set (ChapterLink) and not utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) then	-- link but not URL
				Chapter = utilities.make_wikilink (ChapterLink, Chapter);
			elseif utilities.is_set (ChapterLink) and utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) then	-- if both are set, URL links episode;
				Series = utilities.make_wikilink (ChapterLink, Series);
			end
			URL = '';															-- unset
			TransTitle = '';
			ScriptTitle = '';
			Format = '';
			
		else																	-- now oddities that are cite serial
			Issue = '';															-- unset because this parameter no longer supported by the citation/core version of cite serial
			Chapter = A['Episode'];												-- TODO: make |episode= available to cite episode someday?
			if utilities.is_set (Series) and utilities.is_set (SeriesLink) then
				Series = utilities.make_wikilink (SeriesLink, Series);
			end
			Series = utilities.wrap_style ('italic-title', Series);				-- series is italicized
		end	
	end
	-- end of {{cite episode}} stuff

	-- handle type parameter for those CS1 citations that have default values
	local TitleType = A['TitleType'];
	local Degree = A['Degree'];
	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'AV-media-notes', 'document', 'interview', 'mailinglist', 'map', 'podcast', 'pressrelease', 'report', 'speech', 'techreport', 'thesis'}) then
		TitleType = set_titletype (config.CitationClass, TitleType);
		if utilities.is_set (Degree) and &quot;Thesis&quot; == TitleType then				-- special case for cite thesis
			TitleType = Degree .. ' ' .. cfg.title_types ['thesis']:lower();
		end
	end

	if utilities.is_set (TitleType) then										-- if type parameter is specified
		TitleType = utilities.substitute ( cfg.messages['type'], TitleType);	-- display it in parentheses
	-- TODO: Hack on TitleType to fix bunched parentheses problem
	end

	-- legacy: promote PublicationDate to Date if neither Date nor Year are set.
	local Date = A['Date'];
 	local Date_origin;															-- to hold the name of parameter promoted to Date; required for date error messaging
	local PublicationDate = A['PublicationDate'];
	local Year = A['Year'];

	if not utilities.is_set (Date) then
		Date = Year;															-- promote Year to Date
		Year = nil;																-- make nil so Year as empty string isn't used for CITEREF
		if not utilities.is_set (Date) and utilities.is_set (PublicationDate) then	-- use PublicationDate when |date= and |year= are not set
			Date = PublicationDate;												-- promote PublicationDate to Date
			PublicationDate = '';												-- unset, no longer needed
			Date_origin = A:ORIGIN('PublicationDate');							-- save the name of the promoted parameter
		else
			Date_origin = A:ORIGIN('Year');										-- save the name of the promoted parameter
		end
	else
		Date_origin = A:ORIGIN('Date');											-- not a promotion; name required for error messaging
	end

	if PublicationDate == Date then PublicationDate = ''; end					-- if PublicationDate is same as Date, don't display in rendered citation

	--[[
	Go test all of the date-holding parameters for valid MOS:DATE format and make sure that dates are real dates. This must be done before we do COinS because here is where
	we get the date used in the metadata.
	
	Date validation supporting code is in Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation
	]]

	local DF = is_valid_parameter_value (A['DF'], A:ORIGIN('DF'), cfg.keywords_lists['df'], '');
	if not utilities.is_set (DF) then
		DF = cfg.global_df;														-- local |df= if present overrides global df set by {{use xxx date}} template
	end

	local ArchiveURL;
	local ArchiveDate;
	local ArchiveFormat = A['ArchiveFormat'];
	local archive_url_timestamp;												-- timestamp from wayback machine url
	
	ArchiveURL, ArchiveDate, archive_url_timestamp = archive_url_check (A['ArchiveURL'], A['ArchiveDate'])
	ArchiveFormat = style_format (ArchiveFormat, ArchiveURL, 'archive-format', 'archive-url');
	
	ArchiveURL, ArchiveDate = is_unique_archive_url (ArchiveURL, URL, ChapterURL, A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL'), ArchiveDate);		-- add error message when URL or ChapterURL == ArchiveURL

	local AccessDate = A['AccessDate'];
	local COinS_date = {};														-- holds date info extracted from |date= for the COinS metadata by Module:Date verification
	local DoiBroken = A['DoiBroken'];
	local Embargo = A['Embargo'];
	local anchor_year;															-- used in the CITEREF identifier
	do	-- create defined block to contain local variables error_message, date_parameters_list, mismatch
		local error_message = '';
																				-- AirDate has been promoted to Date so not necessary to check it
		local date_parameters_list = {
			['access-date'] = {val = AccessDate, name = A:ORIGIN ('AccessDate')},
			['archive-date'] = {val = ArchiveDate, name = A:ORIGIN ('ArchiveDate')},
			['date'] = {val = Date, name = Date_origin},
			['doi-broken-date'] = {val = DoiBroken, name = A:ORIGIN ('DoiBroken')},
			['pmc-embargo-date'] = {val = Embargo, name = A:ORIGIN ('Embargo')},
			['publication-date'] = {val = PublicationDate, name = A:ORIGIN ('PublicationDate')},
			['year'] = {val = Year, name = A:ORIGIN ('Year')},
			};

		local error_list = {};
		anchor_year, Embargo = validation.dates(date_parameters_list, COinS_date, error_list);

		if utilities.is_set (Year) and utilities.is_set (Date) then				-- both |date= and |year= not normally needed; 
			validation.year_date_check (Year, A:ORIGIN ('Year'), Date, A:ORIGIN ('Date'), error_list);
		end
		
		if 0 == #error_list then												-- error free dates only; 0 when error_list is empty
			local modified = false;												-- flag
			
			if utilities.is_set (DF) then										-- if we need to reformat dates
				modified = validation.reformat_dates (date_parameters_list, DF);	-- reformat to DF format, use long month names if appropriate
			end

			if true == validation.date_hyphen_to_dash (date_parameters_list) then	-- convert hyphens to dashes where appropriate
				modified = true;
				utilities.set_message ('maint_date_format');					-- hyphens were converted so add maint category
			end
			
	-- for those wikis that can and want to have English date names translated to the local language; not supported at en.wiki
			if cfg.date_name_auto_xlate_enable and validation.date_name_xlate (date_parameters_list, cfg.date_digit_auto_xlate_enable ) then
				utilities.set_message ('maint_date_auto_xlated');				-- add maint cat
				modified = true;
			end

			if modified then													-- if the date_parameters_list values were modified
				AccessDate = date_parameters_list['access-date'].val;			-- overwrite date holding parameters with modified values
				ArchiveDate = date_parameters_list['archive-date'].val;
				Date = date_parameters_list['date'].val;
				DoiBroken = date_parameters_list['doi-broken-date'].val;
				PublicationDate = date_parameters_list['publication-date'].val;
			end

			if archive_url_timestamp and utilities.is_set (ArchiveDate) then
				validation.archive_date_check (ArchiveDate, archive_url_timestamp, DF);	-- does YYYYMMDD in archive_url_timestamp match date in ArchiveDate
			end
		else
			utilities.set_message ('err_bad_date', {utilities.make_sep_list (#error_list, error_list)});	-- add this error message
		end
	end	-- end of do

	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'book', 'encyclopaedia'}) or	-- {{cite book}}, {{cite encyclopedia}}; TODO: {{cite conference}} and others?
		('citation' == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia)) or			-- {{citation}} as an encylopedia citation
		('citation' == config.CitationClass and not utilities.is_set (Periodical)) then		-- {{citation}} as a book citation
			if utilities.is_set (PublicationPlace) then
				if not utilities.is_set (PublisherName) then
					local date = COinS_date.rftdate and tonumber (COinS_date.rftdate:match ('%d%d%d%d'));	-- get year portion of COinS date (because in Arabic numerals); convert string to number
					if date and (1850 &lt;= date) then								-- location has no publisher; if date is 1850 or later
						utilities.set_message ('maint_location_no_publisher');	-- add maint cat
					end
				else															-- PublisherName has a value
					if cfg.keywords_xlate['none'] == PublisherName then			-- if that value is 'none' (only for book and encyclopedia citations)
						PublisherName = '';										-- unset
					end
				end
			end
	end

	local ID_list = {};															-- sequence table of rendered identifiers
	local ID_list_coins = {};													-- table of identifiers and their values from args; key is same as cfg.id_handlers's key
	local Class = A['Class'];													-- arxiv class identifier
	
	local ID_support = {
		{A['ASINTLD'], 'ASIN', 'err_asintld_missing_asin', A:ORIGIN ('ASINTLD')},				
		{DoiBroken, 'DOI', 'err_doibroken_missing_doi', A:ORIGIN ('DoiBroken')},
		{Embargo, 'PMC', 'err_embargo_missing_pmc', A:ORIGIN ('Embargo')},
		}

	ID_list, ID_list_coins = identifiers.identifier_lists_get (args, {DoiBroken = DoiBroken, ASINTLD = A['ASINTLD'], Embargo = Embargo, Class = Class}, ID_support);

	-- Account for the oddities that are {{cite arxiv}}, {{cite biorxiv}}, {{cite citeseerx}}, {{cite medrxiv}}, {{cite ssrn}}, before generation of COinS data.
	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, whitelist.preprint_template_list_t) then	-- |arxiv= or |eprint= required for cite arxiv; |biorxiv=, |citeseerx=, |medrxiv=, |ssrn= required for their templates
		if not (args[cfg.id_handlers[config.CitationClass:upper()].parameters[1]] or 		-- can't use ID_list_coins k/v table here because invalid parameters omitted
			args[cfg.id_handlers[config.CitationClass:upper()].parameters[2]]) then			-- which causes unexpected parameter missing error message
				utilities.set_message ('err_' .. config.CitationClass .. '_missing');		-- add error message
		end

		Periodical = ({['arxiv'] = 'arXiv', ['biorxiv'] = 'bioRxiv', ['citeseerx'] = 'CiteSeerX', ['medrxiv'] = 'medRxiv', ['ssrn'] = 'Social Science Research Network'})[config.CitationClass];
	end

	-- Link the title of the work if no |url= was provided, but we have a |pmc= or a |doi= with |doi-access=free

	if config.CitationClass == &quot;journal&quot; and not utilities.is_set (URL) and not utilities.is_set (TitleLink) and not utilities.in_array (cfg.keywords_xlate[Title], {'off', 'none'}) then -- TODO: remove 'none' once existing citations have been switched to 'off', so 'none' can be used as token for &quot;no title&quot; instead
		if 'none' ~= cfg.keywords_xlate[auto_select] then						-- if auto-linking not disabled
 	 		if identifiers.auto_link_urls[auto_select] then						-- manual selection
		 		URL = identifiers.auto_link_urls[auto_select];					-- set URL to be the same as identifier's external link
 				URL_origin = cfg.id_handlers[auto_select:upper()].parameters[1];	-- set URL_origin to parameter name for use in error message if citation is missing a |title=
			elseif identifiers.auto_link_urls['pmc'] then						-- auto-select PMC
				URL = identifiers.auto_link_urls['pmc'];						-- set URL to be the same as the PMC external link if not embargoed
				URL_origin = cfg.id_handlers['PMC'].parameters[1];				-- set URL_origin to parameter name for use in error message if citation is missing a |title=
			elseif identifiers.auto_link_urls['doi'] then						-- auto-select DOI
				URL = identifiers.auto_link_urls['doi'];
				URL_origin = cfg.id_handlers['DOI'].parameters[1];
			end
 	 	end

		if utilities.is_set (URL) then											-- set when using an identifier-created URL
			if utilities.is_set (AccessDate) then								-- |access-date= requires |url=; identifier-created URL is not |url=
				utilities.set_message ('err_accessdate_missing_url');			-- add an error message
				AccessDate = '';												-- unset
			end

			if utilities.is_set (ArchiveURL) then								-- |archive-url= requires |url=; identifier-created URL is not |url=
				utilities.set_message ('err_archive_missing_url');				-- add an error message
				ArchiveURL = '';												-- unset
			end
		end
	end

	-- At this point fields may be nil if they weren't specified in the template use.  We can use that fact.
	-- Test if citation has no title
	if	not utilities.is_set (Title) and not utilities.is_set (TransTitle) and not utilities.is_set (ScriptTitle) then	-- has special case for cite episode
		utilities.set_message ('err_citation_missing_title', {'episode' == config.CitationClass and 'series' or 'title'});
	end

	if utilities.in_array (cfg.keywords_xlate[Title], {'off', 'none'}) and
			utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'journal', 'citation'}) and
			(utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical)) and
			('journal' == Periodical_origin or 'script-journal' == ScriptPeriodical_origin) then	-- special case for journal cites
				Title = '';														-- set title to empty string
				utilities.set_message ('maint_untitled');						-- add maint cat
	end

	-- COinS metadata (see &lt;http://ocoins.info/&gt;) for automated parsing of citation information.
	-- handle the oddity that is cite encyclopedia and {{citation |encyclopedia=something}}. Here we presume that
	-- when Periodical, Title, and Chapter are all set, then Periodical is the book (encyclopedia) title, Title
	-- is the article title, and Chapter is a section within the article.  So, we remap 
	
	local coins_chapter = Chapter;												-- default assuming that remapping not required
	local coins_title = Title;													-- et tu
	if 'encyclopaedia' == config.CitationClass or ('citation' == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia)) then
		if utilities.is_set (Chapter) and utilities.is_set (Title) and utilities.is_set (Periodical) then		-- if all are used then
			coins_chapter = Title;												-- remap
			coins_title = Periodical;
		end
	end
	local coins_author = a;														-- default for coins rft.au 
	if 0 &lt; #c then																-- but if contributor list
		coins_author = c;														-- use that instead
	end
	
	-- this is the function call to COinS()
	local OCinSoutput = metadata.COinS({
		['Periodical'] = utilities.strip_apostrophe_markup (Periodical),		-- no markup in the metadata
		['Encyclopedia'] = Encyclopedia,										-- just a flag; content ignored by ~/COinS
		['Chapter'] = metadata.make_coins_title (coins_chapter, ScriptChapter),	-- Chapter and ScriptChapter stripped of bold / italic / accept-as-written markup
		['Degree'] = Degree;													-- cite thesis only
		['Title'] = metadata.make_coins_title (coins_title, ScriptTitle),		-- Title and ScriptTitle stripped of bold / italic / accept-as-written markup
		['PublicationPlace'] = PublicationPlace,
		['Date'] = COinS_date.rftdate,											-- COinS_date.* has correctly formatted date values if Date is valid;
		['Season'] = COinS_date.rftssn,
		['Quarter'] = COinS_date.rftquarter,
		['Chron'] =  COinS_date.rftchron,
		['Series'] = Series,
		['Volume'] = Volume,
		['Issue'] = Issue,
		['ArticleNumber'] = ArticleNumber,
		['Pages'] = coins_pages or metadata.get_coins_pages (first_set ({Sheet, Sheets, Page, Pages, At, QuotePage, QuotePages}, 7)),	-- pages stripped of external links
		['Edition'] = Edition,
		['PublisherName'] = PublisherName or Newsgroup,							-- any apostrophe markup already removed from PublisherName
		['URL'] = first_set ({ChapterURL, URL}, 2),
		['Authors'] = coins_author,
		['ID_list'] = ID_list_coins,
		['RawPage'] = this_page.prefixedText,
	}, config.CitationClass);

	-- Account for the oddities that are {{cite arxiv}}, {{cite biorxiv}}, {{cite citeseerx}}, {{cite medrxiv}}, and {{cite ssrn}} AFTER generation of COinS data.
	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, whitelist.preprint_template_list_t) then	-- we have set rft.jtitle in COinS to arXiv, bioRxiv, CiteSeerX, medRxiv, or ssrn now unset so it isn't displayed
		Periodical = '';														-- periodical not allowed in these templates; if article has been published, use cite journal
	end

	-- special case for cite newsgroup.  Do this after COinS because we are modifying Publishername to include some static text
	if 'newsgroup' == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Newsgroup) then
		PublisherName = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['newsgroup'], external_link( 'news:' .. Newsgroup, Newsgroup, Newsgroup_origin, nil ));
	end

	local Editors;
	local EditorCount;															-- used only for choosing {ed.) or (eds.) annotation at end of editor name-list
	local Contributors;															-- assembled contributors name list
	local contributor_etal;
	local Translators;															-- assembled translators name list
	local translator_etal;
	local t = {};																-- translators list from |translator-lastn= / translator-firstn= pairs
	t = extract_names (args, 'TranslatorList');									-- fetch translator list from |translatorn= / |translator-lastn=, -firstn=, -linkn=, -maskn=
	local Interviewers;															
	local interviewers_list = {};					
	interviewers_list = extract_names (args, 'InterviewerList');				-- process preferred interviewers parameters
	local interviewer_etal;
	
	-- Now perform various field substitutions.
	-- We also add leading spaces and surrounding markup and punctuation to the
	-- various parts of the citation, but only when they are non-nil.
	do
		local last_first_list;
		local control = { 
			format = NameListStyle,												-- empty string, '&amp;', 'amp', 'and', or 'vanc'
			maximum = nil,														-- as if display-authors or display-editors not set
			mode = Mode
		};

		do																		-- do editor name list first because the now unsupported coauthors used to modify control table
			local display_names, param = display_names_select (cfg.global_cs1_config_t['DisplayEditors'], A['DisplayEditors'], A:ORIGIN ('DisplayEditors'), #e);
			control.maximum, editor_etal = get_display_names (display_names, #e, 'editors', editor_etal, param);

			Editors, EditorCount = list_people (control, e, editor_etal);

			if 1 == EditorCount and (true == editor_etal or 1 &lt; #e) then		-- only one editor displayed but includes etal then 
				EditorCount = 2;												-- spoof to display (eds.) annotation
			end
		end
		do																		-- now do interviewers
			local display_names, param = display_names_select (cfg.global_cs1_config_t['DisplayInterviewers'], A['DisplayInterviewers'], A:ORIGIN ('DisplayInterviewers'), #interviewers_list);
			control.maximum, interviewer_etal = get_display_names (display_names, #interviewers_list, 'interviewers', interviewer_etal, param);

			Interviewers = list_people (control, interviewers_list, interviewer_etal);
		end
		do																		-- now do translators
			local display_names, param = display_names_select (cfg.global_cs1_config_t['DisplayTranslators'], A['DisplayTranslators'], A:ORIGIN ('DisplayTranslators'), #t);
			control.maximum, translator_etal = get_display_names (display_names, #t, 'translators', translator_etal, param);

			Translators = list_people (control, t, translator_etal);
		end
		do																		-- now do contributors
			local display_names, param = display_names_select (cfg.global_cs1_config_t['DisplayContributors'], A['DisplayContributors'], A:ORIGIN ('DisplayContributors'), #c);
			control.maximum, contributor_etal = get_display_names (display_names, #c, 'contributors', contributor_etal, param);

			Contributors = list_people (control, c, contributor_etal);
		end
		do																		-- now do authors
			local display_names, param = display_names_select (cfg.global_cs1_config_t['DisplayAuthors'], A['DisplayAuthors'], A:ORIGIN ('DisplayAuthors'), #a, author_etal);
			control.maximum, author_etal = get_display_names (display_names, #a, 'authors', author_etal, param);

			last_first_list = list_people (control, a, author_etal);

			if utilities.is_set (Authors) then
				Authors, author_etal = name_has_etal (Authors, author_etal, false, 'authors');	-- find and remove variations on et al.
				if author_etal then
					Authors = Authors .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['et al'];			-- add et al. to authors parameter
				end
			else
				Authors = last_first_list;										-- either an author name list or an empty string
			end
		end																		-- end of do
	
		if utilities.is_set (Authors) and utilities.is_set (Collaboration) then
			Authors = Authors .. ' (' .. Collaboration .. ')';					-- add collaboration after et al.
		end

	end

	local ConferenceFormat = A['ConferenceFormat'];
	local ConferenceURL = A['ConferenceURL'];
	ConferenceFormat = style_format (ConferenceFormat, ConferenceURL, 'conference-format', 'conference-url');
	Format = style_format (Format, URL, 'format', 'url');

	-- special case for chapter format so no error message or cat when chapter not supported
	if not (utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'web', 'news', 'journal', 'magazine', 'pressrelease', 'podcast', 'newsgroup', 'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx', 'medrxiv', 'ssrn'}) or
		('citation' == config.CitationClass and (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical)) and not utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia))) then
			ChapterFormat = style_format (ChapterFormat, ChapterURL, 'chapter-format', 'chapter-url');
	end

	if not utilities.is_set (URL) then
		if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {&quot;web&quot;, &quot;podcast&quot;, &quot;mailinglist&quot;}) or		-- |url= required for cite web, cite podcast, and cite mailinglist
			('citation' == config.CitationClass and ('website' == Periodical_origin or 'script-website' == ScriptPeriodical_origin)) then	-- and required for {{citation}} with |website= or |script-website=
				utilities.set_message ('err_cite_web_url');
		end
		
		-- do we have |accessdate= without either |url= or |chapter-url=?
		if utilities.is_set (AccessDate) and not utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) then		-- ChapterURL may be set when URL is not set;
			utilities.set_message ('err_accessdate_missing_url');
			AccessDate = '';
		end
	end

	local UrlStatus = is_valid_parameter_value (A['UrlStatus'], A:ORIGIN('UrlStatus'), cfg.keywords_lists['url-status'], '');
	local OriginalURL
	local OriginalURL_origin
	local OriginalFormat
	local OriginalAccess;
	UrlStatus = UrlStatus:lower();												-- used later when assembling archived text
	if utilities.is_set ( ArchiveURL ) then
		if utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) then 									-- if chapter-url= is set apply archive url to it
			OriginalURL = ChapterURL;											-- save copy of source chapter's url for archive text
			OriginalURL_origin = ChapterURL_origin;								-- name of |chapter-url= parameter for error messages
			OriginalFormat = ChapterFormat;										-- and original |chapter-format=

			if 'live' ~= UrlStatus then
				ChapterURL = ArchiveURL											-- swap-in the archive's URL
				ChapterURL_origin = A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL')						-- name of |archive-url= parameter for error messages
				ChapterFormat = ArchiveFormat or '';							-- swap in archive's format
				ChapterUrlAccess = nil;											-- restricted access levels do not make sense for archived URLs
			end
		elseif utilities.is_set (URL) then
			OriginalURL = URL;													-- save copy of original source URL
			OriginalURL_origin = URL_origin;									-- name of URL parameter for error messages
			OriginalFormat = Format; 											-- and original |format=
			OriginalAccess = UrlAccess;

			if 'live' ~= UrlStatus then											-- if URL set then |archive-url= applies to it
				URL = ArchiveURL												-- swap-in the archive's URL
				URL_origin = A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL')								-- name of archive URL parameter for error messages
				Format = ArchiveFormat or '';									-- swap in archive's format
				UrlAccess = nil;												-- restricted access levels do not make sense for archived URLs
			end
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (UrlStatus) then									-- if |url-status= is set when |archive-url= is not set
 		utilities.set_message ('maint_url_status');								-- add maint cat
	end

	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'web', 'news', 'journal', 'magazine', 'pressrelease', 'podcast', 'newsgroup', 'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx', 'medrxiv', 'ssrn'}) or	-- if any of the 'periodical' cites except encyclopedia
		('citation' == config.CitationClass and (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical)) and not utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia)) then
			local chap_param;
			if utilities.is_set (Chapter) then									-- get a parameter name from one of these chapter related meta-parameters
				chap_param = A:ORIGIN ('Chapter')
			elseif utilities.is_set (TransChapter) then
				chap_param = A:ORIGIN ('TransChapter')
			elseif utilities.is_set (ChapterURL) then
				chap_param = A:ORIGIN ('ChapterURL')
			elseif utilities.is_set (ScriptChapter) then
				chap_param = ScriptChapter_origin;
			else utilities.is_set (ChapterFormat)
				chap_param = A:ORIGIN ('ChapterFormat')
			end

			if utilities.is_set (chap_param) then								-- if we found one
				utilities.set_message ('err_chapter_ignored', {chap_param});	-- add error message
				Chapter = '';													-- and set them to empty string to be safe with concatenation
				TransChapter = '';
				ChapterURL = '';
				ScriptChapter = '';
				ChapterFormat = '';
			end
	else																		-- otherwise, format chapter / article title
		local no_quotes = false;												-- default assume that we will be quoting the chapter parameter value
		if utilities.is_set (Contribution) and 0 &lt; #c then						-- if this is a contribution with contributor(s)
			if utilities.in_array (Contribution:lower(), cfg.keywords_lists.contribution) then	-- and a generic contribution title
				no_quotes = true;												-- then render it unquoted
			end
		end

		Chapter = format_chapter_title (ScriptChapter, ScriptChapter_origin, Chapter, Chapter_origin, TransChapter, TransChapter_origin, ChapterURL, ChapterURL_origin, no_quotes, ChapterUrlAccess);		-- Contribution is also in Chapter
		if utilities.is_set (Chapter) then
			Chapter = Chapter .. ChapterFormat ;
			if 'map' == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (TitleType) then
				Chapter = Chapter .. ' ' .. TitleType;							-- map annotation here; not after title
			end
			Chapter = Chapter .. sepc .. ' ';
		elseif utilities.is_set (ChapterFormat) then							-- |chapter= not set but |chapter-format= is so ...
			Chapter = ChapterFormat .. sepc .. ' ';								-- ... ChapterFormat has error message, we want to see it
		end
	end

	-- Format main title
	local plain_title = false;
	local accept_title;
	Title, accept_title = utilities.has_accept_as_written (Title, true);		-- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of &lt;Title&gt;
	if accept_title and ('' == Title) then										-- only support forced empty for now &quot;(())&quot;
		Title = cfg.messages['notitle'];										-- replace by predefined &quot;No title&quot; message
			-- TODO: utilities.set_message ( 'err_redundant_parameters', ...);	-- issue proper error message instead of muting	 
			ScriptTitle = '';													-- just mute for now	 
			TransTitle = '';													-- just mute for now
 		plain_title = true;														-- suppress text decoration for descriptive title
		utilities.set_message ('maint_untitled');								-- add maint cat
	end

	if not accept_title then													-- &lt;Title&gt; not wrapped in accept-as-written markup
		if '...' == Title:sub (-3) then											-- if ellipsis is the last three characters of |title=
			Title = Title:gsub ('(%.%.%.)%.+$', '%1');							-- limit the number of dots to three
		elseif not mw.ustring.find (Title, '%.%s*%a%.$') and					-- end of title is not a 'dot-(optional space-)letter-dot' initialism ...
			not mw.ustring.find (Title, '%s+%a%.$') then						-- ...and not a 'space-letter-dot' initial (''Allium canadense'' L.)
				Title = mw.ustring.gsub(Title, '%' .. sepc .. '$', '');			-- remove any trailing separator character; sepc and ms.ustring() here for languages that use multibyte separator characters
		end

		if utilities.is_set (ArchiveURL) and is_archived_copy (Title) then
			utilities.set_message ('maint_archived_copy');						-- add maintenance category before we modify the content of Title
		end

		if is_generic ('generic_titles', Title) then
			utilities.set_message ('err_generic_title');						-- set an error message
		end
	end

	if (not plain_title) and (utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'web', 'news', 'journal', 'magazine', 'document', 'pressrelease', 'podcast', 'newsgroup', 'mailinglist', 'interview', 'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx', 'medrxiv', 'ssrn'}) or
		('citation' == config.CitationClass and (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical)) and not utilities.is_set (Encyclopedia)) or
		('map' == config.CitationClass and (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical)))) then		-- special case for cite map when the map is in a periodical treat as an article
			Title = kern_quotes (Title);										-- if necessary, separate title's leading and trailing quote marks from module provided quote marks
			Title = utilities.wrap_style ('quoted-title', Title);
			Title = script_concatenate (Title, ScriptTitle, 'script-title');	-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; must be done after title is wrapped
			TransTitle = utilities.wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', TransTitle );
	elseif plain_title or ('report' == config.CitationClass) then				-- no styling for cite report and descriptive titles (otherwise same as above)
		Title = script_concatenate (Title, ScriptTitle, 'script-title');		-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; must be done after title is wrapped
		TransTitle = utilities.wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', TransTitle );	-- for cite report, use this form for trans-title
	else
		Title = utilities.wrap_style ('italic-title', Title);
		Title = script_concatenate (Title, ScriptTitle, 'script-title');		-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; must be done after title is wrapped
		TransTitle = utilities.wrap_style ('trans-italic-title', TransTitle);
	end

	if utilities.is_set (TransTitle) then
		if utilities.is_set (Title) then
			TransTitle = &quot; &quot; .. TransTitle;
		else
			utilities.set_message ('err_trans_missing_title', {'title'});
		end
	end

	if utilities.is_set (Title) then											-- TODO: is this the right place to be making Wikisource URLs?
		if utilities.is_set (TitleLink) and utilities.is_set (URL) then
			utilities.set_message ('err_wikilink_in_url');						-- set an error message because we can't have both
			TitleLink = '';														-- unset
		end
	
		if not utilities.is_set (TitleLink) and utilities.is_set (URL) then
			Title = external_link (URL, Title, URL_origin, UrlAccess) .. TransTitle .. Format;
			URL = '';															-- unset these because no longer needed
			Format = &quot;&quot;;
		elseif utilities.is_set (TitleLink) and not utilities.is_set (URL) then
			local ws_url;
			ws_url = wikisource_url_make (TitleLink);							-- ignore ws_label return; not used here
			if ws_url then
				Title = external_link (ws_url, Title .. '&amp;nbsp;', 'ws link in title-link');	-- space char after Title to move icon away from italic text; TODO: a better way to do this?
				Title = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['interwiki-icon'], {cfg.presentation['class-wikisource'], TitleLink, Title});				
				Title = Title .. TransTitle;
			else
				Title = utilities.make_wikilink (TitleLink, Title) .. TransTitle;
			end
		else
			local ws_url, ws_label, L;											-- Title has italic or quote markup by the time we get here which causes is_wikilink() to return 0 (not a wikilink)
			ws_url, ws_label, L = wikisource_url_make (Title:gsub('^[\'&quot;]*(.-)[\'&quot;]*$', '%1'));	-- make ws URL from |title= interwiki link (strip italic or quote markup); link portion L becomes tooltip label
			if ws_url then
				Title = Title:gsub ('%b[]', ws_label);							-- replace interwiki link with ws_label to retain markup
				Title = external_link (ws_url, Title .. '&amp;nbsp;', 'ws link in title');	-- space char after Title to move icon away from italic text; TODO: a better way to do this?
				Title = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['interwiki-icon'], {cfg.presentation['class-wikisource'], L, Title});				
				Title = Title .. TransTitle;
			else
				Title = Title .. TransTitle;
			end
		end
	else
		Title = TransTitle;
	end

	if utilities.is_set (Place) then
		Place = &quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('written', Place, use_lowercase) .. sepc .. &quot; &quot;;
	end

	local ConferenceURL_origin = A:ORIGIN('ConferenceURL');						-- get name of parameter that holds ConferenceURL
	if utilities.is_set (Conference) then
		if utilities.is_set (ConferenceURL) then
			Conference = external_link( ConferenceURL, Conference, ConferenceURL_origin, nil );
		end
		Conference = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. Conference .. ConferenceFormat;
	elseif utilities.is_set (ConferenceURL) then
		Conference = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. external_link( ConferenceURL, nil, ConferenceURL_origin, nil );
	end

	local Position = '';
	if not utilities.is_set (Position) then
		local Minutes = A['Minutes'];
		local Time = A['Time'];

		if utilities.is_set (Minutes) then
			if utilities.is_set (Time) then		--TODO: make a function for this and similar?
				utilities.set_message ('err_redundant_parameters', {utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'minutes') .. cfg.presentation['sep_list_pair'] .. utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', 'time')});
			end
			Position = &quot; &quot; .. Minutes .. &quot; &quot; .. cfg.messages['minutes'];
		else
			if utilities.is_set (Time) then
				local TimeCaption = A['TimeCaption']
				if not utilities.is_set (TimeCaption) then
					TimeCaption = cfg.messages['event'];
					if sepc ~= '.' then
						TimeCaption = TimeCaption:lower();
					end
				end
				Position = &quot; &quot; .. TimeCaption .. &quot; &quot; .. Time;
			end
		end
	else
		Position = &quot; &quot; .. Position;
		At = '';
	end

	Page, Pages, Sheet, Sheets = format_pages_sheets (Page, Pages, Sheet, Sheets, config.CitationClass, Periodical_origin, sepc, NoPP, use_lowercase);

	At = utilities.is_set (At) and (sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. At) or &quot;&quot;;
	Position = utilities.is_set (Position) and (sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. Position) or &quot;&quot;;
	if config.CitationClass == 'map' then
		local Sections = A['Sections'];											-- Section (singular) is an alias of Chapter so set earlier
		local Inset = A['Inset'];
		
		if utilities.is_set ( Inset ) then
			Inset = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('inset', Inset, use_lowercase);
		end			

		if utilities.is_set ( Sections ) then
			Section = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('sections', Sections, use_lowercase);
		elseif utilities.is_set ( Section ) then
			Section = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('section', Section, use_lowercase);
		end
		At = At .. Inset .. Section;		
	end	

	local Others = A['Others'];
	if utilities.is_set (Others) and 0 == #a and 0 == #e then					-- add maint cat when |others= has value and used without |author=, |editor=
		if config.CitationClass == &quot;AV-media-notes&quot;
		or config.CitationClass == &quot;audio-visual&quot; then							-- special maint for AV/M which has a lot of 'false' positives right now
			utilities.set_message ('maint_others_avm')
		else
			utilities.set_message ('maint_others');
		end
	end
	Others = utilities.is_set (Others) and (sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. Others) or &quot;&quot;;
	
	if utilities.is_set (Translators) then
		Others = safe_join ({sepc .. ' ', wrap_msg ('translated', Translators, use_lowercase), Others}, sepc);
	end
	if utilities.is_set (Interviewers) then
		Others = safe_join ({sepc .. ' ', wrap_msg ('interview', Interviewers, use_lowercase), Others}, sepc);
	end
	
	local TitleNote = A['TitleNote'];
	TitleNote = utilities.is_set (TitleNote) and (sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. TitleNote) or &quot;&quot;;
	if utilities.is_set (Edition) then
		if Edition:match ('%f[%a][Ee]d%n?%.?$') or Edition:match ('%f[%a][Ee]dition$') then -- Ed, ed, Ed., ed., Edn, edn, Edn., edn.
			utilities.set_message ('err_extra_text_edition');					 -- add error message
		end
		Edition = &quot; &quot; .. wrap_msg ('edition', Edition);
	else
		Edition = '';
	end

	Series = utilities.is_set (Series) and wrap_msg ('series', {sepc, Series}) or &quot;&quot;;	-- not the same as SeriesNum
	local Agency = A['Agency'] or '';											-- |agency= only supported in {{cite news}}, {{cite press release}}, {{cite web}} and certain {{citation}} templates
	if utilities.is_set (Agency) then											-- this testing done here because {{citation}} supports 'news' citations
		if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {'news', 'pressrelease', 'web'}) or ('citation' == config.CitationClass and utilities.in_array (Periodical_origin, {&quot;newspaper&quot;, &quot;work&quot;})) then
			Agency = wrap_msg ('agency', {sepc, Agency});						-- format for rendering
		else
			Agency = '';														-- unset; not supported
			utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored', {'agency'});		-- add error message
		end
	end
	
	Volume = format_volume_issue (Volume, Issue, ArticleNumber, config.CitationClass, Periodical_origin, sepc, use_lowercase);

	if utilities.is_set (AccessDate) then
		local retrv_text = &quot; &quot; .. cfg.messages['retrieved']

		AccessDate = nowrap_date (AccessDate);									-- wrap in nowrap span if date in appropriate format
		if (sepc ~= &quot;.&quot;) then retrv_text = retrv_text:lower() end				-- if mode is cs2, lower case
		AccessDate = utilities.substitute (retrv_text, AccessDate);				-- add retrieved text

		AccessDate = utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['accessdate'], {sepc, AccessDate});	-- allow editors to hide accessdates
	end
	
	if utilities.is_set (ID) then ID = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. ID; end
	
	local Docket = A['Docket'];
   	if &quot;thesis&quot; == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Docket) then
		ID = sepc .. &quot; Docket &quot; .. Docket .. ID;
	end
   	if &quot;report&quot; == config.CitationClass and utilities.is_set (Docket) then		-- for cite report when |docket= is set
		ID = sepc .. ' ' .. Docket;												-- overwrite ID even if |id= is set
	end

	if utilities.is_set (URL) then
		URL = &quot; &quot; .. external_link( URL, nil, URL_origin, UrlAccess );
	end

	local Quote = A['Quote'];
	local TransQuote = A['TransQuote'];
	local ScriptQuote = A['ScriptQuote'];
	if utilities.is_set (Quote) or utilities.is_set (TransQuote) or utilities.is_set (ScriptQuote) then

		if utilities.is_set (Quote) then
			if Quote:sub(1, 1) == '&quot;' and Quote:sub(-1, -1) == '&quot;' then			-- if first and last characters of quote are quote marks
				Quote = Quote:sub(2, -2);										-- strip them off
			end
		end
		
		Quote = kern_quotes (Quote);											-- kern if needed
		Quote = utilities.wrap_style ('quoted-text', Quote );					-- wrap in &lt;q&gt;...&lt;/q&gt; tags
	
		if utilities.is_set (ScriptQuote) then
			Quote = script_concatenate (Quote, ScriptQuote, 'script-quote');	-- &lt;bdi&gt; tags, lang attribute, categorization, etc.; must be done after quote is wrapped
		end

		if utilities.is_set (TransQuote) then
			if TransQuote:sub(1, 1) == '&quot;' and TransQuote:sub(-1, -1) == '&quot;' then -- if first and last characters of |trans-quote are quote marks
				TransQuote = TransQuote:sub(2, -2); -- strip them off
			end
			Quote = Quote .. &quot; &quot; .. utilities.wrap_style ('trans-quoted-title', TransQuote );
		end

		if utilities.is_set (QuotePage) or utilities.is_set (QuotePages) then	-- add page prefix
			local quote_prefix = '';
			if utilities.is_set (QuotePage) then
				extra_text_in_page_check (QuotePage, 'quote-page');				-- add to maint cat if |quote-page= value begins with what looks like p., pp., etc.
				if not NoPP then
					quote_prefix = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['p-prefix'], {sepc, QuotePage}), '', '', '';
				else
					quote_prefix = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['nopp'], {sepc, QuotePage}), '', '', '';
				end
			elseif utilities.is_set (QuotePages) then
				extra_text_in_page_check (QuotePages, 'quote-pages');			-- add to maint cat if |quote-pages= value begins with what looks like p., pp., etc.
				if tonumber(QuotePages) ~= nil and not NoPP then				-- if only digits, assume single page
					quote_prefix = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['p-prefix'], {sepc, QuotePages}), '', '';
				elseif not NoPP then
					quote_prefix = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['pp-prefix'], {sepc, QuotePages}), '', '';
				else
					quote_prefix = utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['nopp'], {sepc, QuotePages}), '', '';
				end
			end
                        
			Quote = quote_prefix .. &quot;: &quot; .. Quote;
		else
			Quote = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. Quote;
		end

		PostScript = &quot;&quot;;														-- cs1|2 does not supply terminal punctuation when |quote= is set
	end
	
	-- We check length of PostScript here because it will have been nuked by
	-- the quote parameters. We'd otherwise emit a message even if there wasn't
	-- a displayed postscript.
	-- TODO: Should the max size (1) be configurable?
	-- TODO: Should we check a specific pattern?
	if utilities.is_set(PostScript) and mw.ustring.len(PostScript) &gt; 1 then
		utilities.set_message ('maint_postscript')
	end
	
	local Archived;
	if utilities.is_set (ArchiveURL) then
		if not utilities.is_set (ArchiveDate) then								-- ArchiveURL set but ArchiveDate not set
			utilities.set_message ('err_archive_missing_date');					-- emit an error message
			ArchiveURL = '';													-- empty string for concatenation
			ArchiveDate = '';													-- empty string for concatenation
		end
	else														
		if utilities.is_set (ArchiveDate) then									-- ArchiveURL not set but ArchiveDate is set
			utilities.set_message ('err_archive_date_missing_url');				-- emit an error message
			ArchiveURL = '';													-- empty string for concatenation
			ArchiveDate = '';													-- empty string for concatenation
		end
	end

	if utilities.is_set (ArchiveURL) then
		local arch_text;
		if &quot;live&quot; == UrlStatus then
			arch_text = cfg.messages['archived'];
			if sepc ~= &quot;.&quot; then arch_text = arch_text:lower() end
			if utilities.is_set (ArchiveDate) then
				Archived = sepc .. ' ' .. utilities.substitute ( cfg.messages['archived-live'],
					{external_link( ArchiveURL, arch_text, A:ORIGIN('ArchiveURL'), nil) .. ArchiveFormat, ArchiveDate } );
			else
				Archived = '';
			end
			if not utilities.is_set (OriginalURL) then
				utilities.set_message ('err_archive_missing_url');
				Archived = '';													-- empty string for concatenation
			end
		elseif utilities.is_set (OriginalURL) then								-- UrlStatus is empty, 'dead', 'unfit', 'usurped', 'bot: unknown'
			if utilities.in_array (UrlStatus, {'unfit', 'usurped', 'bot: unknown'}) then
				arch_text = cfg.messages['archived-unfit'];
				if sepc ~= &quot;.&quot; then arch_text = arch_text:lower() end
				Archived = sepc .. ' ' .. arch_text .. ArchiveDate;				-- format already styled
				if 'bot: unknown' == UrlStatus then
					utilities.set_message ('maint_bot_unknown');				-- and add a category if not already added
				else
					utilities.set_message ('maint_unfit');						-- and add a category if not already added
				end
			else																-- UrlStatus is empty, 'dead'
				arch_text = cfg.messages['archived-dead'];
				if sepc ~= &quot;.&quot; then arch_text = arch_text:lower() end
				if utilities.is_set (ArchiveDate) then
					Archived = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. utilities.substitute ( arch_text,
						{ external_link( OriginalURL, cfg.messages['original'], OriginalURL_origin, OriginalAccess ) .. OriginalFormat, ArchiveDate } );	-- format already styled
				else
					Archived = '';												-- unset for concatenation
				end
			end	
		else																	-- OriginalUrl not set
			utilities.set_message ('err_archive_missing_url');
			Archived = '';														-- empty string for concatenation
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (ArchiveFormat) then
		Archived = ArchiveFormat;												-- if set and ArchiveURL not set ArchiveFormat has error message
	else
		Archived = '';
	end
	
	local TranscriptURL = A['TranscriptURL']
	local TranscriptFormat = A['TranscriptFormat'];
	TranscriptFormat = style_format (TranscriptFormat, TranscriptURL, 'transcript-format', 'transcripturl');
	local Transcript = A['Transcript'];
	local TranscriptURL_origin = A:ORIGIN('TranscriptURL');						-- get name of parameter that holds TranscriptURL
	if utilities.is_set (Transcript) then
		if utilities.is_set (TranscriptURL) then
			Transcript = external_link( TranscriptURL, Transcript, TranscriptURL_origin, nil );
		end
		Transcript = sepc .. ' ' .. Transcript .. TranscriptFormat;
	elseif utilities.is_set (TranscriptURL) then
		Transcript = external_link( TranscriptURL, nil, TranscriptURL_origin, nil );
	end

	local Publisher;
	if utilities.is_set (PublicationDate) then
		PublicationDate = wrap_msg ('published', PublicationDate);
	end
	if utilities.is_set (PublisherName) then
		if utilities.is_set (PublicationPlace) then
			Publisher = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. PublicationPlace .. &quot;: &quot; .. PublisherName .. PublicationDate;
		else
			Publisher = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. PublisherName .. PublicationDate;  
		end			
	elseif utilities.is_set (PublicationPlace) then 
		Publisher= sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. PublicationPlace .. PublicationDate;
	else 
		Publisher = PublicationDate;
	end
	
	-- Several of the above rely upon detecting this as nil, so do it last.
	if (utilities.is_set (Periodical) or utilities.is_set (ScriptPeriodical) or utilities.is_set (TransPeriodical)) then
		if utilities.is_set (Title) or utilities.is_set (TitleNote) then 
			Periodical = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. format_periodical (ScriptPeriodical, ScriptPeriodical_origin, Periodical, TransPeriodical, TransPeriodical_origin);
		else 
			Periodical = format_periodical (ScriptPeriodical, ScriptPeriodical_origin, Periodical, TransPeriodical, TransPeriodical_origin);
		end
	end
	
	local Language = A['Language'];
	if utilities.is_set (Language) then
		Language = language_parameter (Language);								-- format, categories, name from ISO639-1, etc.
	else
		Language='';															-- language not specified so make sure this is an empty string;
	--[[ TODO: need to extract the wrap_msg from language_parameter
	so that we can solve parentheses bunching problem with Format/Language/TitleType
	]]
	end

	--[[
	Handle the oddity that is cite speech.  This code overrides whatever may be the value assigned to TitleNote (through |department=) and forces it to be &quot; (Speech)&quot; so that
	the annotation directly follows the |title= parameter value in the citation rather than the |event= parameter value (if provided).
	]]
	if &quot;speech&quot; == config.CitationClass then									-- cite speech only
		TitleNote = TitleType;													-- move TitleType to TitleNote so that it renders ahead of |event=
		TitleType = '';															-- and unset

		if utilities.is_set (Periodical) then									-- if Periodical, perhaps because of an included |website= or |journal= parameter 
			if utilities.is_set (Conference) then								-- and if |event= is set
				Conference = Conference .. sepc .. &quot; &quot;;							-- then add appropriate punctuation to the end of the Conference variable before rendering
			end
		end
	end

	-- Piece all bits together at last.  Here, all should be non-nil.
	-- We build things this way because it is more efficient in LUA
	-- not to keep reassigning to the same string variable over and over.

	local tcommon;
	local tcommon2;																-- used for book cite when |contributor= is set
	
	if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {&quot;book&quot;, &quot;citation&quot;}) and not utilities.is_set (Periodical) then		-- special cases for book cites
		if utilities.is_set (Contributors) then									-- when we are citing foreword, preface, introduction, etc.
			tcommon = safe_join ({Title, TitleNote}, sepc);						-- author and other stuff will come after this and before tcommon2
			tcommon2 = safe_join ({TitleType, Series, Language, Volume, Others, Edition, Publisher}, sepc);
		else
			tcommon = safe_join ({Title, TitleNote, TitleType, Series, Language, Volume, Others, Edition, Publisher}, sepc);
		end

	elseif 'map' == config.CitationClass then									-- special cases for cite map
		if utilities.is_set (Chapter) then										-- map in a book; TitleType is part of Chapter
			tcommon = safe_join ({Title, Edition, Scale, Series, Language, Cartography, Others, Publisher, Volume}, sepc);
		elseif utilities.is_set (Periodical) then								-- map in a periodical
			tcommon = safe_join ({Title, TitleType, Periodical, Scale, Series, Language, Cartography, Others, Publisher, Volume}, sepc);
		else																	-- a sheet or stand-alone map
			tcommon = safe_join ({Title, TitleType, Edition, Scale, Series, Language, Cartography, Others, Publisher}, sepc);
		end
		
	elseif 'episode' == config.CitationClass then								-- special case for cite episode
		tcommon = safe_join ({Title, TitleNote, TitleType, Series, Language, Edition, Publisher}, sepc);

	else																		-- all other CS1 templates
		tcommon = safe_join ({Title, TitleNote, Conference, Periodical, TitleType, Series, Language, Volume, Others, Edition, Publisher, Agency}, sepc);
	end
	
	if #ID_list &gt; 0 then
		ID_list = safe_join( { sepc .. &quot; &quot;,  table.concat( ID_list, sepc .. &quot; &quot; ), ID }, sepc );
	else
		ID_list = ID;
	end
	
	local Via = A['Via'];
	Via = utilities.is_set (Via) and  wrap_msg ('via', Via) or '';
	local idcommon;
	if 'audio-visual' == config.CitationClass or 'episode' == config.CitationClass then	-- special case for cite AV media &amp; cite episode position transcript
		idcommon = safe_join( { ID_list, URL, Archived, Transcript, AccessDate, Via, Quote }, sepc );
	else
		idcommon = safe_join( { ID_list, URL, Archived, AccessDate, Via, Quote }, sepc );
	end
	
	local text;
	local pgtext = Position .. Sheet .. Sheets .. Page .. Pages .. At;

	local OrigDate = A['OrigDate'];
	OrigDate = utilities.is_set (OrigDate) and wrap_msg ('origdate', OrigDate) or '';
	if utilities.is_set (Date) then
		if utilities.is_set (Authors) or utilities.is_set (Editors) then		-- date follows authors or editors when authors not set
			Date = &quot; (&quot; .. Date .. &quot;)&quot; .. OrigDate .. sepc .. &quot; &quot;;				-- in parentheses
		else																	-- neither of authors and editors set
			if (string.sub(tcommon, -1, -1) == sepc) then						-- if the last character of tcommon is sepc
				Date = &quot; &quot; .. Date .. OrigDate;									-- Date does not begin with sepc
			else
				Date = sepc .. &quot; &quot; .. Date .. OrigDate;							-- Date begins with sepc
			end
		end
	end	
	if utilities.is_set (Authors) then
		if (not utilities.is_set (Date)) then									-- when date is set it's in parentheses; no Authors termination
			Authors = terminate_name_list (Authors, sepc);						-- when no date, terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a space
		end
		if utilities.is_set (Editors) then
			local in_text = '';
			local post_text = '';
			if utilities.is_set (Chapter) and 0 == #c then
				in_text = cfg.messages['in'] .. ' ';
				if (sepc ~= '.') then
					in_text = in_text:lower();									-- lowercase for cs2
				end
			end
			if EditorCount &lt;= 1 then
				post_text = ' (' .. cfg.messages['editor'] .. ')';				-- be consistent with no-author, no-date case
			else
				post_text = ' (' .. cfg.messages['editors'] .. ')';
			end
			Editors = terminate_name_list (in_text .. Editors .. post_text, sepc);	-- terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a space
		end
		if utilities.is_set (Contributors) then									-- book cite and we're citing the intro, preface, etc.
			local by_text = sepc .. ' ' .. cfg.messages['by'] .. ' ';
			if (sepc ~= '.') then by_text = by_text:lower() end					-- lowercase for cs2
			Authors = by_text .. Authors;										-- author follows title so tweak it here
			if utilities.is_set (Editors) and utilities.is_set (Date) then		-- when Editors make sure that Authors gets terminated
				Authors = terminate_name_list (Authors, sepc);					-- terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a space
			end
			if (not utilities.is_set (Date)) then								-- when date is set it's in parentheses; no Contributors termination
				Contributors = terminate_name_list (Contributors, sepc);		-- terminate with 0 or 1 sepc and a space
			end
			text = safe_join( {Contributors, Date, Chapter, tcommon, Authors, Place, Editors, tcommon2, pgtext, idcommon }, sepc );
		else
			text = safe_join( {Authors, Date, Chapter, Place, Editors, tcommon, pgtext, idcommon }, sepc );
		end
	elseif utilities.is_set (Editors) then
		if utilities.is_set (Date) then
			if EditorCount &lt;= 1 then
				Editors = Editors .. cfg.presentation['sep_name'] .. cfg.messages['editor'];
			else
				Editors = Editors .. cfg.presentation['sep_name'] .. cfg.messages['editors'];
			end
		else
			if EditorCount &lt;= 1 then
				Editors = Editors .. &quot; (&quot; .. cfg.messages['editor'] .. &quot;)&quot; .. sepc .. &quot; &quot;
			else
				Editors = Editors .. &quot; (&quot; .. cfg.messages['editors'] .. &quot;)&quot; .. sepc .. &quot; &quot;
			end
		end
		text = safe_join( {Editors, Date, Chapter, Place, tcommon, pgtext, idcommon}, sepc );
	else
		if utilities.in_array (config.CitationClass, {&quot;journal&quot;, &quot;citation&quot;}) and utilities.is_set (Periodical) then
			text = safe_join( {Chapter, Place, tcommon, pgtext, Date, idcommon}, sepc );
		else
			text = safe_join( {Chapter, Place, tcommon, Date, pgtext, idcommon}, sepc );
		end
	end

	if utilities.is_set (PostScript) and PostScript ~= sepc then
		text = safe_join( {text, sepc}, sepc ); 								-- Deals with italics, spaces, etc.
		if '.' == sepc then														-- remove final seperator if present
			text = text:gsub ('%' .. sepc .. '$', '');							-- dot must be escaped here
		else
			text = mw.ustring.gsub (text, sepc .. '$', '');						-- using ustring for non-dot sepc (likely a non-Latin character)
		end
	end	
	
	text = safe_join( {text, PostScript}, sepc );

	-- Now enclose the whole thing in a &lt;cite&gt; element
	local options_t = {};
	options_t.class = cite_class_attribute_make (config.CitationClass, Mode);

	local Ref = is_valid_parameter_value (A['Ref'], A:ORIGIN('Ref'), cfg.keywords_lists['ref'], nil, true);	-- nil when |ref=harv; A['Ref'] else

	if 'none' ~= cfg.keywords_xlate[(Ref and Ref:lower()) or ''] then
		local namelist_t = {};													-- holds selected contributor, author, editor name list
		local year = first_set ({Year, anchor_year}, 2);						-- Year first for legacy citations and for YMD dates that require disambiguation

		if #c &gt; 0 then															-- if there is a contributor list
			namelist_t = c;														-- select it
		elseif #a &gt; 0 then														-- or an author list
			namelist_t = a;
		elseif #e &gt; 0 then														-- or an editor list
			namelist_t = e;
		end
		local citeref_id;
		if #namelist_t &gt; 0 then													-- if there are names in namelist_t
			citeref_id = make_citeref_id (namelist_t, year);					-- go make the CITEREF anchor
			if mw.uri.anchorEncode (citeref_id) == ((Ref and mw.uri.anchorEncode (Ref)) or '') then	-- Ref may already be encoded (by {{sfnref}}) so citeref_id must be encoded before comparison
				utilities.set_message ('maint_ref_duplicates_default');
			end
		else
			citeref_id = '';													-- unset
		end
		options_t.id = Ref or citeref_id;
	end

	if string.len (text:gsub('%b&lt;&gt;', '')) &lt;= 2 then								-- remove html and html-like tags; then get length of what remains; 
		z.error_cats_t = {};													-- blank the categories list
		z.error_msgs_t = {};													-- blank the error messages list
		OCinSoutput = nil;														-- blank the metadata string
		text = '';																-- blank the the citation
		utilities.set_message ('err_empty_citation');							-- set empty citation message and category
	end
	
	local render_t = {};														-- here we collect the final bits for concatenation into the rendered citation

	if utilities.is_set (options_t.id) then										-- here we wrap the rendered citation in &lt;cite ...&gt;...&lt;/cite&gt; tags
		table.insert (render_t, utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['cite-id'], {mw.uri.anchorEncode(options_t.id), mw.text.nowiki(options_t.class), text}));	-- when |ref= is set or when there is a namelist
	else
		table.insert (render_t, utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['cite'], {mw.text.nowiki(options_t.class), text}));	-- when |ref=none or when namelist_t empty and |ref= is missing or is empty
	end		

	if OCinSoutput then															-- blanked when citation is 'empty' so don't bother to add boilerplate metadata span
		table.insert (render_t, utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['ocins'], OCinSoutput));	-- format and append metadata to the citation
	end

	local template_name = ('citation' == config.CitationClass) and 'citation' or 'cite ' .. (cfg.citation_class_map_t[config.CitationClass] or config.CitationClass);
	local template_link = '[[Template:' .. template_name .. '|' .. template_name .. ']]';
	local msg_prefix = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;{{' .. template_link .. '}}&lt;/code&gt;: ';

	if 0 ~= #z.error_msgs_t then
		mw.addWarning (utilities.substitute (cfg.messages.warning_msg_e, template_link));

		table.insert (render_t, ' ');											-- insert a space between citation and its error messages
		table.sort (z.error_msgs_t);											-- sort the error messages list; sorting includes wrapping &lt;span&gt; and &lt;code&gt; tags; hidden-error sorts ahead of visible-error

		local hidden = true;													-- presume that the only error messages emited by this template are hidden
		for _, v in ipairs (z.error_msgs_t) do									-- spin through the list of error messages
			if v:find ('cs1-visible-error', 1, true) then						-- look for the visible error class name
				hidden = false;													-- found one; so don't hide the error message prefix
				break;															-- and done because no need to look further
			end
		end

		z.error_msgs_t[1] = table.concat ({utilities.error_comment (msg_prefix, hidden), z.error_msgs_t[1]});	-- add error message prefix to first error message to prevent extraneous punctuation
		table.insert (render_t, table.concat (z.error_msgs_t, '; '));			-- make a big string of error messages and add it to the rendering
	end

	if 0 ~= #z.maint_cats_t then
		mw.addWarning (utilities.substitute (cfg.messages.warning_msg_m, template_link));

		table.sort (z.maint_cats_t);											-- sort the maintenance messages list

		local maint_msgs_t = {};												-- here we collect all of the maint messages

		if 0 == #z.error_msgs_t then											-- if no error messages
			table.insert (maint_msgs_t, msg_prefix);							-- insert message prefix in maint message livery
		end
		
		for _, v in ipairs( z.maint_cats_t ) do									-- append maintenance categories
			table.insert (maint_msgs_t, 										-- assemble new maint message and add it to the maint_msgs_t table
				table.concat ({v, ' (', utilities.substitute (cfg.messages[':cat wikilink'], v), ')'})
				);
		end
		table.insert (render_t, utilities.substitute (cfg.presentation['hidden-maint'], table.concat (maint_msgs_t, ' ')));	-- wrap the group of maint messages with proper presentation and save
	end

	if not no_tracking_cats then
		local sort_key;
		local cat_wikilink = 'cat wikilink';
		if cfg.enable_sort_keys then											-- when namespace sort keys enabled
			local namespace_number = mw.title.getCurrentTitle().namespace;		-- get namespace number for this wikitext
			sort_key = (0 ~= namespace_number and (cfg.name_space_sort_keys[namespace_number] or cfg.name_space_sort_keys.other)) or nil;	-- get sort key character; nil for mainspace
			cat_wikilink = (not sort_key and 'cat wikilink') or 'cat wikilink sk';	-- make &lt;cfg.messages&gt; key
		end				

		for _, v in ipairs (z.error_cats_t) do									-- append error categories
			table.insert (render_t, utilities.substitute (cfg.messages[cat_wikilink], {v, sort_key}));
		end
		for _, v in ipairs (z.maint_cats_t) do									-- append maintenance categories
			table.insert (render_t, utilities.substitute (cfg.messages[cat_wikilink], {v, sort_key}));
		end

		for _, v in ipairs (z.prop_cats_t) do									-- append properties categories
			table.insert (render_t, utilities.substitute (cfg.messages['cat wikilink'], v));	-- no sort keys
		end
	end

	return table.concat (render_t);												-- make a big string and done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; V A L I D A T E &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

Looks for a parameter's name in one of several whitelists.

Parameters in the whitelist can have three values:
	true - active, supported parameters
	false - deprecated, supported parameters
	nil - unsupported parameters
	
]]

local function validate (name, cite_class, empty)
	local name = tostring (name);
	local enum_name;															-- parameter name with enumerator (if any) replaced with '#'
	local state;
	local function state_test (state, name)										-- local function to do testing of state values
		if true == state then return true; end									-- valid actively supported parameter
		if false == state then
			if empty then return nil; end										-- empty deprecated parameters are treated as unknowns
			deprecated_parameter (name);										-- parameter is deprecated but still supported
			return true;
		end
		if 'tracked' == state then
			local base_name = name:gsub ('%d', '');								-- strip enumerators from parameter names that have them to get the base name
			utilities.add_prop_cat ('tracked-param', {base_name}, base_name);	-- add a properties category; &lt;base_name&gt; modifies &lt;key&gt;
			return true;
		end
		return nil;
	end		

	if name:find ('#') then														-- # is a cs1|2 reserved character so parameters with # not permitted
		return nil;
	end
																				-- replace enumerator digit(s) with # (|last25= becomes |last#=) (mw.ustring because non-Western 'local' digits)
	enum_name = mw.ustring.gsub (name, '%d+$', '#');							-- where enumerator is last charaters in parameter name (these to protect |s2cid=)
	enum_name = mw.ustring.gsub (enum_name, '%d+([%-l])', '#%1');				-- where enumerator is in the middle of the parameter name; |author#link= is the oddity

	if 'document' == cite_class then											-- special case for {{cite document}}
		state = whitelist.document_parameters_t[enum_name];						-- this list holds enumerated and nonenumerated parameters
		if true == state_test (state, name) then return true; end
		
		return false;
	end

	if utilities.in_array (cite_class, whitelist.preprint_template_list_t) then	-- limited parameter sets allowed for these templates
		state = whitelist.limited_parameters_t[enum_name];						-- this list holds enumerated and nonenumerated parameters
		if true == state_test (state, name) then return true; end

		state = whitelist.preprint_arguments_t[cite_class][name];				-- look in the parameter-list for the template identified by cite_class
		if true == state_test (state, name) then return true; end

		return false;															-- not supported because not found or name is set to nil
	end																			-- end limited parameter-set templates

	if utilities.in_array (cite_class, whitelist.unique_param_template_list_t) then 	-- template-specific parameters for templates that accept parameters from the basic argument list
		state = whitelist.unique_arguments_t[cite_class][name];					-- look in the template-specific parameter-lists for the template identified by cite_class
		if true == state_test (state, name) then return true; end
	end																			-- if here, fall into general validation

	state = whitelist.common_parameters_t[enum_name];							-- all other templates; all normal parameters allowed; this list holds enumerated and nonenumerated parameters
	if true == state_test (state, name) then return true; end

	return false;																-- not supported because not found or name is set to nil
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I N T E R _ W I K I _ C H E C K &gt;----------------------------------------------

check &lt;value&gt; for inter-language interwiki-link markup.  &lt;prefix&gt; must be a MediaWiki-recognized language
code.  when these values have the form (without leading colon):
	[[&lt;prefix&gt;:link|label]] return label as plain-text
	[[&lt;prefix&gt;:link]] return &lt;prefix&gt;:link as plain-text

return value as is else

]=]

local function inter_wiki_check (parameter, value)
	local prefix = value:match ('%[%[(%a+):');									-- get an interwiki prefix if one exists
	local _;
	
	if prefix and cfg.inter_wiki_map[prefix:lower()] then						-- if prefix is in the map, needs preceding colon so
		utilities.set_message ('err_bad_paramlink', parameter);					-- emit an error message
		_, value, _ = utilities.is_wikilink (value);							-- extract label portion from wikilink
	end
	return value;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; M I S S I N G _ P I P E _ C H E C K &gt;------------------------------------------

Look at the contents of a parameter. If the content has a string of characters and digits followed by an equal
sign, compare the alphanumeric string to the list of cs1|2 parameters.  If found, then the string is possibly a
parameter that is missing its pipe.  There are two tests made:
	{{cite ... |title=Title access-date=2016-03-17}}	-- the first parameter has a value and whitespace separates that value from the missing pipe parameter name
	{{cite ... |title=access-date=2016-03-17}}			-- the first parameter has no value (whitespace after the first = is trimmed by MediaWiki)
cs1|2 shares some parameter names with XML/HTML attributes: class=, title=, etc.  To prevent false positives XML/HTML
tags are removed before the search.

If a missing pipe is detected, this function adds the missing pipe maintenance category.

]]

local function missing_pipe_check (parameter, value)
	local capture;
	value = value:gsub ('%b&lt;&gt;', '');											-- remove XML/HTML tags because attributes: class=, title=, etc.

	capture = value:match ('%s+(%a[%w%-]+)%s*=') or value:match ('^(%a[%w%-]+)%s*=');	-- find and categorize parameters with possible missing pipes
	if capture and validate (capture) then										-- if the capture is a valid parameter name
		utilities.set_message ('err_missing_pipe', parameter);
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; H A S _ E X T R A N E O U S _ P U N C T &gt;--------------------------------------

look for extraneous terminal punctuation in most parameter values; parameters listed in skip table are not checked

]]

local function has_extraneous_punc (param, value)
	if 'number' == type (param) then
		return;
	end
	
	param = param:gsub ('%d+', '#');											-- enumerated name-list mask params allow terminal punct; normalize 
	if cfg.punct_skip[param] then
		return;																	-- parameter name found in the skip table so done
	end
	
	if value:match ('[,;:]$') then
		utilities.set_message ('maint_extra_punct');							-- has extraneous punctuation; add maint cat
	end
	if value:match ('^=') then													-- sometimes an extraneous '=' character appears ...
		utilities.set_message ('maint_extra_punct');							-- has extraneous punctuation; add maint cat
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; H A S _ E X T R A N E O U S _ U R L &gt;------------------------------------------

look for extraneous url parameter values; parameters listed in skip table are not checked

]]

local function has_extraneous_url (url_param_t)
	local url_error_t = {};
	
	check_for_url (url_param_t, url_error_t);									-- extraneous url check
	if 0 ~= #url_error_t then													-- non-zero when there are errors
		table.sort (url_error_t);
		utilities.set_message ('err_param_has_ext_link', {utilities.make_sep_list (#url_error_t, url_error_t)});	-- add this error message
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C I T A T I O N &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

This is used by templates such as {{cite book}} to create the actual citation text.

]]

local function citation(frame)
	Frame = frame;																-- save a copy in case we need to display an error message in preview mode

	local config = {};															-- table to store parameters from the module {{#invoke:}}
	for k, v in pairs( frame.args ) do											-- get parameters from the {{#invoke}} frame
		config[k] = v;
	--	args[k] = v;															-- crude debug support that allows us to render a citation from module {{#invoke:}}; skips parameter validation; TODO: keep?
	end	
																				-- i18n: set the name that your wiki uses to identify sandbox subpages from sandbox template invoke (or can be set here)
	local sandbox = ((config.SandboxPath and '' ~= config.SandboxPath) and config.SandboxPath) or '/sandbox';	-- sandbox path from {{#invoke:Citation/CS1/sandbox|citation|SandboxPath=/...}}
	is_sandbox = nil ~= string.find (frame:getTitle(), sandbox, 1, true);		-- is this invoke the sandbox module?
	sandbox = is_sandbox and sandbox or '';										-- use i18n sandbox to load sandbox modules when this module is the sandox; live modules else

	local pframe = frame:getParent()
	local styles;
	
	cfg = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration' .. sandbox);			-- load sandbox versions of support modules when {{#invoke:Citation/CS1/sandbox|...}}; live modules else
	whitelist = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Whitelist' .. sandbox);
	utilities = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities' .. sandbox);
	validation = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Date_validation' .. sandbox);
	identifiers = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/Identifiers' .. sandbox);
	metadata = require ('Module:Citation/CS1/COinS' .. sandbox);
	styles = 'Module:Citation/CS1' .. sandbox .. '/styles.css';

	utilities.set_selected_modules (cfg);										-- so that functions in Utilities can see the selected cfg tables
	identifiers.set_selected_modules (cfg, utilities);							-- so that functions in Identifiers can see the selected cfg tables and selected Utilities module
	validation.set_selected_modules (cfg, utilities);							-- so that functions in Date validataion can see selected cfg tables and the selected Utilities module
	metadata.set_selected_modules (cfg, utilities);								-- so that functions in COinS can see the selected cfg tables and selected Utilities module

	z = utilities.z;															-- table of error and category tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities

	is_preview_mode = not utilities.is_set (frame:preprocess ('{{REVISIONID}}'));

	local args = {};															-- table where we store all of the template's arguments
	local suggestions = {};														-- table where we store suggestions if we need to loadData them
	local error_text;															-- used as a flag

	local capture;																-- the single supported capture when matching unknown parameters using patterns
	local empty_unknowns = {};													-- sequence table to hold empty unknown params for error message listing
	for k, v in pairs( pframe.args ) do											-- get parameters from the parent (template) frame
		v = mw.ustring.gsub (v, '^%s*(.-)%s*$', '%1');							-- trim leading/trailing whitespace; when v is only whitespace, becomes empty string
		if v ~= '' then
			if ('string' == type (k)) then
				k = mw.ustring.gsub (k, '%d', cfg.date_names.local_digits);		-- for enumerated parameters, translate 'local' digits to Western 0-9
			end
			if not validate( k, config.CitationClass ) then			
				if type (k) ~= 'string' then									-- exclude empty numbered parameters
					if v:match(&quot;%S+&quot;) ~= nil then
						error_text = utilities.set_message ('err_text_ignored', {v});
					end
				elseif validate (k:lower(), config.CitationClass) then 
					error_text = utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored_suggest', {k, k:lower()});	-- suggest the lowercase version of the parameter
				else
					if nil == suggestions.suggestions then						-- if this table is nil then we need to load it
						suggestions = mw.loadData ('Module:Citation/CS1/Suggestions' .. sandbox);	--load sandbox version of suggestion module when {{#invoke:Citation/CS1/sandbox|...}}; live module else
					end
					for pattern, param in pairs (suggestions.patterns) do		-- loop through the patterns to see if we can suggest a proper parameter
						capture = k:match (pattern);							-- the whole match if no capture in pattern else the capture if a match
						if capture then											-- if the pattern matches 
							param = utilities.substitute (param, capture);		-- add the capture to the suggested parameter (typically the enumerator)
							if validate (param, config.CitationClass) then		-- validate the suggestion to make sure that the suggestion is supported by this template (necessary for limited parameter lists)
								error_text = utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored_suggest', {k, param});	-- set the suggestion error message
							else
								error_text = utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored', {k});	-- suggested param not supported by this template
								v = '';											-- unset
							end
						end
					end
					if not utilities.is_set (error_text) then					-- couldn't match with a pattern, is there an explicit suggestion?						
						if (suggestions.suggestions[ k:lower() ] ~= nil) and validate (suggestions.suggestions[ k:lower() ], config.CitationClass) then
							utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored_suggest', {k, suggestions.suggestions[ k:lower() ]});
						else
							utilities.set_message ('err_parameter_ignored', {k});
							v = '';												-- unset value assigned to unrecognized parameters (this for the limited parameter lists)
						end
					end
				end				  
			end

			args[k] = v;														-- save this parameter and its value

		elseif not utilities.is_set (v) then									-- for empty parameters
			if not validate (k, config.CitationClass, true) then				-- is this empty parameter a valid parameter
				k = ('' == k) and '(empty string)' or k;						-- when k is empty string (or was space(s) trimmed to empty string), replace with descriptive text
				table.insert (empty_unknowns, utilities.wrap_style ('parameter', k));	-- format for error message and add to the list
			end
																				-- crude debug support that allows us to render a citation from module {{#invoke:}} TODO: keep?
	--	elseif args[k] ~= nil or (k == 'postscript') then						-- when args[k] has a value from {{#invoke}} frame (we don't normally do that)
	--		args[k] = v;														-- overwrite args[k] with empty string from pframe.args[k] (template frame); v is empty string here
		end																		-- not sure about the postscript bit; that gets handled in parameter validation; historical artifact?
	end	

	if 0 ~= #empty_unknowns then												-- create empty unknown error message
		utilities.set_message ('err_param_unknown_empty', {
			1 == #empty_unknowns and '' or 's',
			utilities.make_sep_list (#empty_unknowns, empty_unknowns)
			});
	end

	local url_param_t = {};

	for k, v in pairs( args ) do
		if 'string' == type (k) then											-- don't evaluate positional parameters
			has_invisible_chars (k, v);											-- look for invisible characters
		end
		has_extraneous_punc (k, v);												-- look for extraneous terminal punctuation in parameter values
		missing_pipe_check (k, v);												-- do we think that there is a parameter that is missing a pipe?
		args[k] = inter_wiki_check (k, v);										-- when language interwiki-linked parameter missing leading colon replace with wiki-link label

		if 'string' == type (k) and not cfg.url_skip[k] then					-- when parameter k is not positional and not in url skip table
			url_param_t[k] = v;													-- make a parameter/value list for extraneous url check
		end
	end

	has_extraneous_url (url_param_t);											-- look for url in parameter values where a url does not belong

	return table.concat ({
		frame:extensionTag ('templatestyles', '', {src=styles}),
		citation0( config, args)
	});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T E D   F U N C T I O N S &gt;------------------------------------------
]]

return {citation = citation};</text>
      <sha1>7sahwn7umrpjn8voh7tpvtm2yhs02x8</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>模組:Citation/CS1/Configuration</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>822</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12517</id>
      <timestamp>2024-07-15T08:28:32Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>42.119.242.132</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「local lang_obj = mw.language.getContentLanguage();								-- make a language object for the local language; used here for languages and dates    --[[--------------------------&lt; S E T T I N G S &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------  boolean settings used to control various things.  these setting located here to make them easy to find  ]] 																				-- these settings local to this module only local local_digits_from_mediawiki…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12517</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="111447" sha1="tv7z805z1dd8uf6dr9d216rtxx7edd2" xml:space="preserve">local lang_obj = mw.language.getContentLanguage();								-- make a language object for the local language; used here for languages and dates 


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E T T I N G S &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

boolean settings used to control various things.  these setting located here to make them easy to find

]]
																				-- these settings local to this module only
local local_digits_from_mediawiki = false;										-- for i18n; when true, module fills date_names['local_digits'] from MediaWiki; manual fill required else; always false at en.wiki
local local_date_names_from_mediawiki = false;									-- for i18n; when true, module fills date_names['local']['long'] and date_names['local']['short'] from MediaWiki;
																				-- manual translation required else; ; always false at en.wiki

																				-- these settings exported to other modules
local use_identifier_redirects = true;											-- when true use redirect name for identifier label links; always true at en.wiki
local local_lang_cat_enable = false;											-- when true categorizes pages where |language=&lt;local wiki's language&gt;; always false at en.wiki
local date_name_auto_xlate_enable = false;										-- when true translates English month-names to the local-wiki's language month names; always false at en.wiki
local date_digit_auto_xlate_enable = false;										-- when true translates Western date digit to the local-wiki's language digits (date_names['local_digits']); always false at en.wiki
local enable_sort_keys = true;													-- when true module adds namespace sort keys to error and maintenance category links


--[[--------------------------&lt; U N C A T E G O R I Z E D _ N A M E S P A C E S &gt;------------------------------

List of namespaces identifiers for namespaces that will not be included in citation error categories.
Same as setting notracking = true by default.

For wikis that have a current version of Module:cs1 documentation support, this #invoke will return an unordered
list of namespace names and their associated identifiers:
	{{#invoke:cs1 documentation support|uncategorized_namespace_lister|all=&lt;anything&gt;}}

]]

uncategorized_namespaces_t = {[2]=true};										-- init with user namespace id
for k, _ in pairs (mw.site.talkNamespaces) do									-- add all talk namespace ids
	uncategorized_namespaces_t[k] = true;
end

local uncategorized_subpages = {'/[Ss]andbox', '/[Tt]estcases', '/[^/]*[Ll]og', '/[Aa]rchive'};		-- list of Lua patterns found in page names of pages we should not categorize

--[[
at en.wiki Greek characters are used as sort keys for certain items in a category so that those items are
placed at the end of a category page.  See Wikipedia:Categorization#Sort_keys.  That works well for en.wiki
because English is written using the Latn script.  This may not work well for other languages.  At en.wiki it
is desireable to place content from certain namespaces at the end of a category listing so the module adds sort
keys to error and maintenance category links when rendering a cs1|2 template on a page in that namespace.

i18n: if this does not work well for your language, set &lt;enable_sort_keys&gt; to false.
]]

local name_space_sort_keys = {													-- sort keys to be used with these namespaces:
	[4] = 'ω',																	-- wikipedia; omega
	[10] = 'τ',																	-- template; tau
	[118] = 'Δ', 																-- draft; delta
	['other'] = 'ο',															-- all other non-talk namespaces except main (article); omicron
	}

--[[--------------------------&lt; M E S S A G E S &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

Translation table

The following contains fixed text that may be output as part of a citation.
This is separated from the main body to aid in future translations of this
module.

]]

local messages = {
	['agency'] = '$1 $2',														-- $1 is sepc, $2 is agency
	['archived-dead'] = 'Archived from $1 on $2',
	['archived-live'] = '$1 from the original on $2',
	['archived-unfit'] = 'Archived from the original on ',
	['archived'] = 'Archived',
	['by'] = 'By',																-- contributions to authored works: introduction, foreword, afterword
	['cartography'] = 'Cartography by $1',
	['editor'] = 'ed.',
	['editors'] = 'eds.',
	['edition'] = '($1&amp;nbsp;ed.)',
	['episode'] = 'Episode $1',
	['et al'] = 'et&amp;nbsp;al.',
	['in'] = 'In',																-- edited works
	['inactive'] = 'inactive',
	['inset'] = '$1 inset',
	['interview'] = 'Interviewed by $1',										
	['mismatch'] = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; / &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$2=&lt;/code&gt; mismatch',	-- $1 is year param name; $2 is date param name
	['newsgroup'] = '[[Usenet newsgroup|Newsgroup]]:&amp;nbsp;$1',
	['notitle'] = 'No title',													-- for |title=(()) and (in the future) |title=none
	['original'] = 'the original',
	['origdate'] = ' [$1]',
	['published'] = ' (published $1)',
	['retrieved'] = 'Retrieved $1',
	['season'] = 'Season $1',
	['section'] = '§&amp;nbsp;$1',
	['sections'] = '§§&amp;nbsp;$1',
	['series'] = '$1 $2',														-- $1 is sepc, $2 is series
	['seriesnum'] = 'Series $1',
	['translated'] = 'Translated by $1',
	['type'] = ' ($1)',															-- for titletype
	['written'] = 'Written at $1',

	['vol'] = '$1 Vol.&amp;nbsp;$2',												-- $1 is sepc; bold journal style volume is in presentation{}
	['vol-no'] = '$1 Vol.&amp;nbsp;$2, no.&amp;nbsp;$3',								-- sepc, volume, issue (alternatively insert $1 after $2, but then we'd also have to change capitalization)
	['issue'] = '$1 No.&amp;nbsp;$2',												-- $1 is sepc

	['art'] = '$1 Art.&amp;nbsp;$2',												-- $1 is sepc; for {{cite conference}} only
	['vol-art'] = '$1 Vol.&amp;nbsp;$2, art.&amp;nbsp;$3',								-- sepc, volume, article-number; for {{cite conference}} only

	['j-vol'] = '$1 $2',														-- sepc, volume; bold journal volume is in presentation{}
	['j-issue'] = ' ($1)',
	['j-article-num'] = ' $1',													-- TODO: any punctuation here? static text?

	['nopp'] = '$1 $2';															-- page(s) without prefix; $1 is sepc

	['p-prefix'] = &quot;$1 p.&amp;nbsp;$2&quot;,												-- $1 is sepc
	['pp-prefix'] = &quot;$1 pp.&amp;nbsp;$2&quot;,											-- $1 is sepc
	['j-page(s)'] = ': $1',														-- same for page and pages

	['sheet'] = '$1 Sheet&amp;nbsp;$2',												-- $1 is sepc
	['sheets'] = '$1 Sheets&amp;nbsp;$2',											-- $1 is sepc
	['j-sheet'] = ': Sheet&amp;nbsp;$1',
	['j-sheets'] = ': Sheets&amp;nbsp;$1',
	
	['language'] = '(in $1)',
	['via'] = &quot; &amp;ndash; via $1&quot;,
	['event'] = 'Event occurs at',
	['minutes'] = 'minutes in',
	
	-- Determines the location of the help page
	['help page link'] = 'Help:CS1 errors',
	['help page label'] = 'help',
	
	-- categories
	['cat wikilink'] = '[[Category:$1]]',										-- $1 is the category name
	['cat wikilink sk'] = '[[Category:$1|$2]]',									-- $1 is the category name; $2 is namespace sort key
	[':cat wikilink'] = '[[:Category:$1|link]]',								-- category name as maintenance message wikilink; $1 is the category name

	-- Internal errors (should only occur if configuration is bad)
	['undefined_error'] = 'Called with an undefined error condition',
	['unknown_ID_key'] = 'Unrecognized ID key: ',								-- an ID key in id_handlers not found in ~/Identifiers func_map{}
	['unknown_ID_access'] = 'Unrecognized ID access keyword: ',					-- an ID access keyword in id_handlers not found in keywords_lists['id-access']{}
	['unknown_argument_map'] = 'Argument map not defined for this variable',
	['bare_url_no_origin'] = 'Bare URL found but origin indicator is nil or empty',
	
	['warning_msg_e'] = '&lt;span style=&quot;color:#d33&quot;&gt;One or more &lt;code style=&quot;color: inherit; background: inherit; border: none; padding: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;#123;{$1}}&lt;/code&gt; templates have errors&lt;/span&gt;; messages may be hidden ([[Help:CS1_errors#Controlling_error_message_display|help]]).';	-- $1 is template link
	['warning_msg_m'] = '&lt;span style=&quot;color:#3a3&quot;&gt;One or more &lt;code style=&quot;color: inherit; background: inherit; border: none; padding: inherit;&quot;&gt;&amp;#123;{$1}}&lt;/code&gt; templates have maintenance messages&lt;/span&gt;; messages may be hidden ([[Help:CS1_errors#Controlling_error_message_display|help]]).';	-- $1 is template link
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; C I T A T I O N _ C L A S S _ M A P &gt;------------------------------------------

this table maps the value assigned to |CitationClass= in the cs1|2 templates to the canonical template name when
the value assigned to |CitationClass= is different from the canonical template name.  |CitationClass= values are
used as class attributes in the &lt;cite&gt; tag that encloses the citation so these names may not contain spaces while
the canonical template name may.  These names are used in warning_msg_e and warning_msg_m to create links to the
template's documentation when an article is displayed in preview mode.

Most cs1|2 template |CitationClass= values at en.wiki match their canonical template names so are not listed here.

]]

	local citation_class_map_t = {												-- TODO: if kept, these and all other config.CitationClass 'names' require some sort of i18n
		['arxiv'] = 'arXiv',
		['audio-visual'] = 'AV media',
		['AV-media-notes'] = 'AV media notes',
		['biorxiv'] = 'bioRxiv',
		['citeseerx'] = 'CiteSeerX',
		['encyclopaedia'] = 'encyclopedia',
		['mailinglist'] = 'mailing list',
		['medrxiv'] = 'medRxiv',
		['pressrelease'] = 'press release',
		['ssrn'] = 'SSRN',
		['techreport'] = 'tech report',
		}


--[=[-------------------------&lt; E T _ A L _ P A T T E R N S &gt;--------------------------------------------------

This table provides Lua patterns for the phrase &quot;et al&quot; and variants in name text
(author, editor, etc.). The main module uses these to identify and emit the 'etal' message.

]=]

local et_al_patterns = {
	&quot;[;,]? *[\&quot;']*%f[%a][Ee][Tt]%.? *[Aa][Ll][%.;,\&quot;']*$&quot;,						-- variations on the 'et al' theme
	&quot;[;,]? *[\&quot;']*%f[%a][Ee][Tt]%.? *[Aa][Ll][Ii][AaIi][Ee]?[%.;,\&quot;']*$&quot;,		-- variations on the 'et alia', 'et alii' and 'et aliae' themes (false positive 'et aliie' unlikely to match)
	&quot;[;,]? *%f[%a]and [Oo]thers&quot;,												-- an alternative to et al.
	&quot;%[%[ *[Ee][Tt]%.? *[Aa][Ll]%.? *%]%]&quot;,										-- a wikilinked form
	&quot;%(%( *[Ee][Tt]%.? *[Aa][Ll]%.? *%)%)&quot;,										-- a double-bracketed form (to counter partial removal of ((...)) syntax)
	&quot;[%(%[] *[Ee][Tt]%.? *[Aa][Ll]%.? *[%)%]]&quot;,									-- a bracketed form
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; P R E S E N T A T I O N &gt;------------------------

Fixed presentation markup.  Originally part of citation_config.messages it has
been moved into its own, more semantically correct place.

]]

local presentation = 
	{
	-- .citation-comment class is specified at Help:CS1_errors#Controlling_error_message_display
	['hidden-error'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-hidden-error citation-comment&quot;&gt;$1&lt;/span&gt;',
	['visible-error'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-visible-error citation-comment&quot;&gt;$1&lt;/span&gt;',
	['hidden-maint'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-maint citation-comment&quot;&gt;$1&lt;/span&gt;',
	
	['accessdate'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;reference-accessdate&quot;&gt;$1$2&lt;/span&gt;',			-- to allow editors to hide accessdate using personal CSS

	['bdi'] = '&lt;bdi$1&gt;$2&lt;/bdi&gt;',												-- bidirectional isolation used with |script-title= and the like

	['cite'] = '&lt;cite class=&quot;$1&quot;&gt;$2&lt;/cite&gt;';									-- for use when citation does not have a namelist and |ref= not set so no id=&quot;...&quot; attribute
	['cite-id'] = '&lt;cite id=&quot;$1&quot; class=&quot;$2&quot;&gt;$3&lt;/cite&gt;';							-- for use when when |ref= is set or when citation has a namelist

	['format'] = ' &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;($1)&lt;/span&gt;',						-- for |format=, |chapter-format=, etc.
	['interwiki'] = ' &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;[in $1]&lt;/span&gt;',					-- for interwiki-language-linked author, editor, etc
	['interproj'] = ' &lt;span class=&quot;cs1-format&quot;&gt;[at $1]&lt;/span&gt;',					-- for interwiki-project-linked author, editor, etc (:d: and :s: supported; :w: ignored)

	-- various access levels, for |access=, |doi-access=, |arxiv=, ...
	-- narrow no-break space &amp;#8239; may work better than nowrap CSS. Or not? Browser support?

	['ext-link-access-signal'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;$1&quot; title=&quot;$2&quot;&gt;$3&lt;/span&gt;',		-- external link with appropriate lock icon
		['free'] = {class='id-lock-free', title='Freely accessible'},			-- classes defined in Module:Citation/CS1/styles.css
		['registration'] = {class='id-lock-registration', title='Free registration required'},
		['limited'] = {class='id-lock-limited', title='Free access subject to limited trial, subscription normally required'},
		['subscription'] = {class='id-lock-subscription', title='Paid subscription required'},

	['interwiki-icon'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;$1&quot; title=&quot;$2&quot;&gt;$3&lt;/span&gt;',
		['class-wikisource'] = 'cs1-ws-icon',

	['italic-title'] = &quot;''$1''&quot;,

	['kern-left'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-kern-left&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;$1',					-- spacing to use when title contains leading single or double quote mark
	['kern-right'] = '$1&lt;span class=&quot;cs1-kern-right&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;',					-- spacing to use when title contains trailing single or double quote mark

	['nowrap1'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;$1&lt;/span&gt;',								-- for nowrapping an item: &lt;span ...&gt;yyyy-mm-dd&lt;/span&gt;
	['nowrap2'] = '&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot;&gt;$1&lt;/span&gt; $2',							-- for nowrapping portions of an item: &lt;span ...&gt;dd mmmm&lt;/span&gt; yyyy (note white space)

	['ocins'] = '&lt;span title=&quot;$1&quot; class=&quot;Z3988&quot;&gt;&lt;/span&gt;',
	
	['parameter'] = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt;',
	
	['ps_cs1'] = '.';															-- CS1 style postscript (terminal) character
	['ps_cs2'] = '';															-- CS2 style postscript (terminal) character (empty string)

	['quoted-text'] = '&lt;q&gt;$1&lt;/q&gt;',												-- for wrapping |quote= content
	['quoted-title'] = '&quot;$1&quot;',

	['sep_cs1'] = '.',															-- CS1 element separator
	['sep_cs2'] = ',',															-- CS2 separator
	['sep_nl'] = ';',															-- CS1|2 style name-list separator between names is a semicolon
	['sep_nl_and'] = ' and ',													-- used as last nl sep when |name-list-style=and and list has 2 items
	['sep_nl_end'] = '; and ',													-- used as last nl sep when |name-list-style=and and list has 3+ names
	['sep_name'] = ', ',														-- CS1|2 style last/first separator is &lt;comma&gt;&lt;space&gt;
	['sep_nl_vanc'] = ',',														-- Vancouver style name-list separator between authors is a comma
	['sep_name_vanc'] = ' ',													-- Vancouver style last/first separator is a space

	['sep_list'] = ', ',														-- used for |language= when list has 3+ items except for last sep which uses sep_list_end
	['sep_list_pair'] = ' and ',												-- used for |language= when list has 2 items
	['sep_list_end'] = ', and ',												-- used as last list sep for |language= when list has 3+ items
	
	['trans-italic-title'] = &quot;&amp;#91;''$1''&amp;#93;&quot;,
	['trans-quoted-title'] = &quot;&amp;#91;$1&amp;#93;&quot;,									-- for |trans-title= and |trans-quote=
	['vol-bold'] = '$1 &lt;b&gt;$2&lt;/b&gt;',												-- sepc, volume; for bold journal cites; for other cites ['vol'] in messages{}
	}

	
--[[--------------------------&lt; A L I A S E S &gt;---------------------------------

Aliases table for commonly passed parameters.

Parameter names on the right side in the assignments in this table must have been
defined in the Whitelist before they will be recognized as valid parameter names

]]

local aliases = {
	['AccessDate'] = {'access-date', 'accessdate'},								-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['Agency'] = 'agency',
	['ArchiveDate'] = {'archive-date', 'archivedate'},							-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['ArchiveFormat'] = 'archive-format',
	['ArchiveURL'] = {'archive-url', 'archiveurl'},								-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['ArticleNumber'] = 'article-number',
	['ASINTLD'] = 'asin-tld',
	['At'] = 'at',																-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['Authors'] = {'people', 'credits'},
	['BookTitle'] = {'book-title', 'booktitle'},
	['Cartography'] = 'cartography',
	['Chapter'] = {'chapter', 'contribution', 'entry', 'article', 'section'},
	['ChapterFormat'] = {'chapter-format', 'contribution-format', 'entry-format',
		'article-format', 'section-format'};
	['ChapterURL'] = {'chapter-url', 'contribution-url', 'entry-url', 'article-url', 'section-url'},	-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['ChapterUrlAccess'] = {'chapter-url-access', 'contribution-url-access',
		'entry-url-access', 'article-url-access', 'section-url-access'},		-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['Class'] = 'class',														-- cite arxiv and arxiv identifier
	['Collaboration'] = 'collaboration',
	['Conference'] = {'conference', 'event'},
	['ConferenceFormat'] = 'conference-format',
	['ConferenceURL'] = 'conference-url',										-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['Date'] = {'date', 'air-date', 'airdate'},									-- air-date and airdate for cite episode and cite serial only
	['Degree'] = 'degree',
	['DF'] = 'df',
	['DisplayAuthors'] = {'display-authors', 'display-subjects'},
	['DisplayContributors'] = 'display-contributors',
	['DisplayEditors'] = 'display-editors',
	['DisplayInterviewers'] = 'display-interviewers',
	['DisplayTranslators'] = 'display-translators',
	['Docket'] = 'docket',
	['DoiBroken'] = 'doi-broken-date',
	['Edition'] = 'edition',
	['Embargo'] = 'pmc-embargo-date',
	['Encyclopedia'] = {'encyclopedia', 'encyclopaedia', 'dictionary'},			-- cite encyclopedia only
	['Episode'] = 'episode',													-- cite serial only TODO: make available to cite episode?
	['Format'] = 'format',
	['ID'] = {'id', 'ID'},
	['Inset'] = 'inset',
	['Issue'] = {'issue', 'number'},
	['Language'] = {'language', 'lang'},
	['MailingList'] = {'mailing-list', 'mailinglist'},							-- cite mailing list only
	['Map'] = 'map',															-- cite map only
	['MapFormat'] = 'map-format',												-- cite map only
	['MapURL'] = {'map-url', 'mapurl'},											-- cite map only -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['MapUrlAccess'] = 'map-url-access',										-- cite map only -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['Minutes'] = 'minutes',
	['Mode'] = 'mode',
	['NameListStyle'] = 'name-list-style',
	['Network'] = 'network',
	['Newsgroup'] = 'newsgroup',												-- cite newsgroup only
	['NoPP'] = {'no-pp', 'nopp'},
	['NoTracking'] = {'no-tracking', 'template-doc-demo'},
	['Number'] = 'number',														-- this case only for cite techreport
	['OrigDate'] = {'orig-date', 'orig-year', 'origyear'},
	['Others'] = 'others',
	['Page'] = {'page', 'p'},													-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['Pages'] = {'pages', 'pp'},												-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['Periodical'] = {'journal', 'magazine', 'newspaper', 'periodical', 'website', 'work'},
	['Place'] = {'place', 'location'},
	['PostScript'] = 'postscript',
	['PublicationDate'] = {'publication-date', 'publicationdate'},
	['PublicationPlace'] = {'publication-place', 'publicationplace'},
	['PublisherName'] = {'publisher', 'institution'},
	['Quote'] = {'quote', 'quotation'},
	['QuotePage'] = 'quote-page',
	['QuotePages'] = 'quote-pages',
	['Ref'] = 'ref',
	['Scale'] = 'scale',
	['ScriptChapter'] = {'script-chapter', 'script-contribution', 'script-entry',
		'script-article', 'script-section'},
	['ScriptEncyclopedia'] = {'script-encyclopedia', 'script-encyclopaedia'},	-- cite encyclopedia only
	['ScriptMap'] = 'script-map',
	['ScriptPeriodical'] = {'script-journal', 'script-magazine', 'script-newspaper',
		'script-periodical', 'script-website', 'script-work'},
	['ScriptQuote'] = 'script-quote',
	['ScriptTitle'] = 'script-title',											-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['Season'] = 'season',
	['Sections'] = 'sections',													-- cite map only
	['Series'] = {'series', 'version'},
	['SeriesLink'] = {'series-link', 'serieslink'},
	['SeriesNumber'] = {'series-number', 'series-no'},
	['Sheet'] = 'sheet',														-- cite map only
	['Sheets'] = 'sheets',														-- cite map only
	['Station'] = 'station',
	['Time'] = 'time',
	['TimeCaption'] = 'time-caption',
	['Title'] = 'title',														-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['TitleLink'] = {'title-link', 'episode-link', 'episodelink'},				-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['TitleNote'] = {'title-note', 'department'},
	['TitleType'] = {'type', 'medium'},
	['TransChapter'] = {'trans-article', 'trans-chapter', 'trans-contribution',
		'trans-entry', 'trans-section'},
	['Transcript'] = 'transcript',
	['TranscriptFormat'] = 'transcript-format',	
	['TranscriptURL'] = 'transcript-url',										-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['TransEncyclopedia'] = {'trans-encyclopedia', 'trans-encyclopaedia'},		-- cite encyclopedia only
	['TransMap'] = 'trans-map',													-- cite map only
	['TransPeriodical'] = {'trans-journal', 'trans-magazine', 'trans-newspaper',
		'trans-periodical', 'trans-website', 'trans-work'},
	['TransQuote'] = 'trans-quote',
	['TransTitle'] = 'trans-title',												-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['URL'] = {'url', 'URL'},													-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['UrlAccess'] = 'url-access',												-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['UrlStatus'] = 'url-status',												-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['Vauthors'] = 'vauthors',
	['Veditors'] = 'veditors',
	['Via'] = 'via',
	['Volume'] = 'volume',
	['Year'] = 'year',

	['AuthorList-First'] = {&quot;first#&quot;, &quot;author-first#&quot;, &quot;author#-first&quot;, &quot;author-given#&quot;, &quot;author#-given&quot;,
		&quot;subject-first#&quot;, &quot;subject#-first&quot;, &quot;subject-given#&quot;, &quot;subject#-given&quot;,
		&quot;given#&quot;},
	['AuthorList-Last'] = {&quot;last#&quot;, &quot;author-last#&quot;, &quot;author#-last&quot;, &quot;author-surname#&quot;, &quot;author#-surname&quot;,
		&quot;subject-last#&quot;, &quot;subject#-last&quot;, &quot;subject-surname#&quot;, &quot;subject#-surname&quot;,
		&quot;author#&quot;, 'host#', &quot;subject#&quot;, &quot;surname#&quot;},
	['AuthorList-Link'] = {&quot;author-link#&quot;, &quot;author#-link&quot;, &quot;subject-link#&quot;,
		&quot;subject#-link&quot;, &quot;authorlink#&quot;, &quot;author#link&quot;},
	['AuthorList-Mask'] = {&quot;author-mask#&quot;, &quot;author#-mask&quot;, &quot;subject-mask#&quot;, &quot;subject#-mask&quot;},

	['ContributorList-First'] = {'contributor-first#', 'contributor#-first',
		'contributor-given#', 'contributor#-given'},
	['ContributorList-Last'] = {'contributor-last#', 'contributor#-last',
		'contributor-surname#', 'contributor#-surname', 'contributor#'},
	['ContributorList-Link'] = {'contributor-link#', 'contributor#-link'},
	['ContributorList-Mask'] = {'contributor-mask#', 'contributor#-mask'},

	['EditorList-First'] = {&quot;editor-first#&quot;, &quot;editor#-first&quot;, &quot;editor-given#&quot;, &quot;editor#-given&quot;},
	['EditorList-Last'] = {&quot;editor-last#&quot;, &quot;editor#-last&quot;, &quot;editor-surname#&quot;,
		&quot;editor#-surname&quot;, &quot;editor#&quot;},
	['EditorList-Link'] = {&quot;editor-link#&quot;, &quot;editor#-link&quot;},
	['EditorList-Mask'] = {&quot;editor-mask#&quot;, &quot;editor#-mask&quot;},
	
	['InterviewerList-First'] = {'interviewer-first#', 'interviewer#-first',
		'interviewer-given#', 'interviewer#-given'},
	['InterviewerList-Last'] = {'interviewer-last#', 'interviewer#-last',
		'interviewer-surname#', 'interviewer#-surname', 'interviewer#'},
	['InterviewerList-Link'] = {'interviewer-link#', 'interviewer#-link'},
	['InterviewerList-Mask'] = {'interviewer-mask#', 'interviewer#-mask'},

	['TranslatorList-First'] = {'translator-first#', 'translator#-first',
		'translator-given#', 'translator#-given'},
	['TranslatorList-Last'] = {'translator-last#', 'translator#-last',
		'translator-surname#', 'translator#-surname', 'translator#'},
	['TranslatorList-Link'] = {'translator-link#', 'translator#-link'},
	['TranslatorList-Mask'] = {'translator-mask#', 'translator#-mask'},
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; P U N C T _ S K I P &gt;---------------------------

builds a table of parameter names that the extraneous terminal punctuation check should not check.

]]

local punct_meta_params = {														-- table of aliases[] keys (meta parameters); each key has a table of parameter names for a value
	'BookTitle', 'Chapter', 'ScriptChapter', 'ScriptTitle', 'Title', 'TransChapter', 'Transcript', 'TransMap',	'TransTitle',	-- title-holding parameters
	'AuthorList-Mask', 'ContributorList-Mask', 'EditorList-Mask', 'InterviewerList-Mask', 'TranslatorList-Mask',	-- name-list mask may have name separators
	'PostScript', 'Quote', 'ScriptQuote', 'TransQuote', 'Ref',											-- miscellaneous
	'ArchiveURL', 'ChapterURL', 'ConferenceURL', 'MapURL', 'TranscriptURL', 'URL',						-- URL-holding parameters
	}

local url_meta_params = {														-- table of aliases[] keys (meta parameters); each key has a table of parameter names for a value
	'ArchiveURL', 'ChapterURL', 'ConferenceURL', 'ID', 'MapURL', 'TranscriptURL', 'URL',		-- parameters allowed to hold urls
	'Page', 'Pages', 'At', 'QuotePage', 'QuotePages',							-- insource locators allowed to hold urls
	}

local function build_skip_table (skip_t, meta_params)
	for _, meta_param in ipairs (meta_params) do								-- for each meta parameter key
		local params = aliases[meta_param];										-- get the parameter or the table of parameters associated with the meta parameter name
		if 'string' == type (params) then
			skip_t[params] = 1;													-- just a single parameter
		else
			for _, param in ipairs (params) do									-- get the parameter name
				skip_t[param] = 1;												-- add the parameter name to the skip table
				local count;
				param, count = param:gsub ('#', '');							-- remove enumerator marker from enumerated parameters
				if 0 ~= count then												-- if removed
					skip_t[param] = 1;											-- add param name without enumerator marker
				end
			end
		end
	end
	return skip_t;
end

local punct_skip = {};
local url_skip = {};


--[[--------------------------&lt; S I N G L E - L E T T E R   S E C O N D - L E V E L   D O M A I N S &gt;----------

this is a list of tlds that are known to have single-letter second-level domain names.  This list does not include
ccTLDs which are accepted in is_domain_name().

]]

local single_letter_2nd_lvl_domains_t = {'cash', 'company', 'foundation', 'media', 'org', 'today'};


--[[-----------&lt; S P E C I A L   C A S E   T R A N S L A T I O N S &gt;------------

This table is primarily here to support internationalization.  Translations in
this table are used, for example, when an error message, category name, etc.,
is extracted from the English alias key.  There may be other cases where
this translation table may be useful.

]]
local is_Latn = 'A-Za-z\195\128-\195\150\195\152-\195\182\195\184-\198\191\199\132-\201\143\225\184\128-\225\187\191';
local special_case_translation = {
	['AuthorList'] = 'authors list',											-- used to assemble maintenance category names
	['ContributorList'] = 'contributors list',									-- translation of these names plus translation of the base maintenance category names in maint_cats{} table below
	['EditorList'] = 'editors list',											-- must match the names of the actual categories
	['InterviewerList'] = 'interviewers list',									-- this group or translations used by name_has_ed_markup() and name_has_mult_names()
	['TranslatorList'] = 'translators list',
	
																				-- Lua patterns to match pseudo-titles used by InternetArchiveBot and others as placeholder for unknown |title= value
	['archived_copy'] = {														-- used with CS1 maint: Archive[d] copy as title
		['en'] = '^archived?%s+copy$',											-- for English; translators: keep this because templates imported from en.wiki
		['local'] = nil,														-- translators: replace ['local'] = nil with lowercase translation only when bots or tools create generic titles in your language
		},

																				-- Lua patterns to match generic titles; usually created by bots or reference filling tools
																				-- translators: replace ['local'] = nil with lowercase translation only when bots or tools create generic titles in your language
		-- generic titles and patterns in this table should be lowercase only
		-- leave ['local'] nil except when there is a matching generic title in your language
		-- boolean 'true' for plain-text searches; 'false' for pattern searches

	['generic_titles'] = {
		['accept'] = {
			},
		['reject'] = {
			{['en'] = {'^wayback%s+machine$', false},				['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'are you a robot', true},					['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'hugedomains.com', true},					['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'^[%(%[{&lt;]?no +title[&gt;}%]%)]?$', false},		['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'page not found', true},						['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'subscribe to read', true},					['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'^[%(%[{&lt;]?unknown[&gt;}%]%)]?$', false},		['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'website is for sale', true},				['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'^404', false},								['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'internet archive wayback machine', true},	['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'log into facebook', true},					['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'login • instagram', true},					['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'redirecting...', true},						['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'usurped title', true},						['local'] = nil},	-- added by a GreenC bot
			{['en'] = {'webcite query result', true},				['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'wikiwix\'s cache', true},					['local'] = nil},
			}
		},

		-- boolean 'true' for plain-text searches, search string must be lowercase only
		-- boolean 'false' for pattern searches
		-- leave ['local'] nil except when there is a matching generic name in your language

	['generic_names'] = {
		['accept'] = {
			{['en'] = {'%[%[[^|]*%(author%) *|[^%]]*%]%]', false},				['local'] = nil},
			},
		['reject'] = {
			{['en'] = {'about us', true},										['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'%f[%a][Aa]dvisor%f[%A]', false},						['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'allmusic', true},										['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'%f[%a][Aa]uthor%f[%A]', false},							['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'business', true},										['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'cnn', true},											['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'collaborator', true},									['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'contributor', true},									['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'contact us', true},										['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'directory', true},										['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'%f[%(%[][%(%[]%s*eds?%.?%s*[%)%]]?$', false},			['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'[,%.%s]%f[e]eds?%.?$', false},							['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'^eds?[%.,;]', false},									['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'^[%(%[]%s*[Ee][Dd][Ss]?%.?%s*[%)%]]', false},			['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'%f[%a][Ee]dited%f[%A]', false},							['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'%f[%a][Ee]ditors?%f[%A]', false},						['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'%f[%a]]Ee]mail%f[%A]', false},							['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'facebook', true},										['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'google', true},											['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'home page', true},										['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'^[Ii]nc%.?$', false},									['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'instagram', true},										['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'interviewer', true},									['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'linkedIn', true},										['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'^[Nn]ews$', false},										['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'pinterest', true},										['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'policy', true},											['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'privacy', true},										['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'reuters', true},										['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'translator', true},										['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'tumblr', true},											['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'twitter', true},										['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'site name', true},										['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'statement', true},										['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'submitted', true},										['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'super.?user', false},									['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'%f['..is_Latn..'][Uu]ser%f[^'..is_Latn..']', false},	['local'] = nil},
			{['en'] = {'verfasser', true},										['local'] = nil},
			}
	}
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; D A T E _ N A M E S &gt;----------------------------------------------------------

This table of tables lists local language date names and fallback English date names.
The code in Date_validation will look first in the local table for valid date names.
If date names are not found in the local table, the code will look in the English table.

Because citations can be copied to the local wiki from en.wiki, the English is
required when the date-name translation function date_name_xlate() is used.

In these tables, season numbering is defined by
Extended Date/Time Format (EDTF) Specification (https://www.loc.gov/standards/datetime/)
which became part of ISO 8601 in 2019.  See '§Sub-year groupings'. The standard
defines various divisions using numbers 21-41. CS1|2 only supports generic seasons.
EDTF does support the distinction between north and south hemisphere seasons
but CS1|2 has no way to make that distinction.

33-36 = Quarter 1, Quarter 2, Quarter 3, Quarter 4 (3 months each)

The standard does not address 'named' dates so, for the purposes of CS1|2,
Easter and Christmas are defined here as 98 and 99, which should be out of the
ISO 8601 (EDTF) range of uses for a while.

local_date_names_from_mediawiki is a boolean.  When set to:
	true – module will fetch local month names from MediaWiki for both date_names['local']['long'] and date_names['local']['short']; this will unconditionally overwrite manual translations
	false – module will *not* fetch local month names from MediaWiki

Caveat lector:  There is no guarantee that MediaWiki will provide short month names.  At your wiki you can test
the results of the MediaWiki fetch in the debug console with this command (the result is alpha sorted):
	=mw.dumpObject (p.date_names['local'])

While the module can fetch month names from MediaWiki, it cannot fetch the quarter, season, and named date names
from MediaWiki.  Those must be translated manually.

]]

local local_date_names_from_mediawiki = true;									-- when false, manual translation required for date_names['local']['long'] and date_names['local']['short']; overwrites manual translations
																				-- when true, module fetches long and short month names from MediaWiki
local date_names = {
	['en'] = {																	-- English
		['long']	= {['January'] = 1, ['February'] = 2, ['March'] = 3, ['April'] = 4, ['May'] = 5, ['June'] = 6, ['July'] = 7, ['August'] = 8, ['September'] = 9, ['October'] = 10, ['November'] = 11, ['December'] = 12},
		['short']	= {['Jan'] = 1, ['Feb'] = 2, ['Mar'] = 3, ['Apr'] = 4, ['May'] = 5, ['Jun'] = 6, ['Jul'] = 7, ['Aug'] = 8, ['Sep'] = 9, ['Oct'] = 10, ['Nov'] = 11, ['Dec'] = 12},
		['quarter'] = {['First Quarter'] = 33, ['Second Quarter'] = 34, ['Third Quarter'] = 35, ['Fourth Quarter'] = 36},
		['season']	= {['Winter'] = 24, ['Spring'] = 21, ['Summer'] = 22, ['Fall'] = 23, ['Autumn'] = 23},
		['named']	= {['Easter'] = 98, ['Christmas'] = 99},
		},
																				-- when local_date_names_from_mediawiki = false
	['local'] = {																-- replace these English date names with the local language equivalents
		['long']	= {['January'] = 1, ['February'] = 2, ['March'] = 3, ['April'] = 4, ['May'] = 5, ['June'] = 6, ['July'] = 7, ['August'] = 8, ['September'] = 9, ['October'] = 10, ['November'] = 11, ['December'] = 12},
		['short']	= {['Jan'] = 1, ['Feb'] = 2, ['Mar'] = 3, ['Apr'] = 4, ['May'] = 5, ['Jun'] = 6, ['Jul'] = 7, ['Aug'] = 8, ['Sep'] = 9, ['Oct'] = 10, ['Nov'] = 11, ['Dec'] = 12},
		['quarter'] = {['First Quarter'] = 33, ['Second Quarter'] = 34, ['Third Quarter'] = 35, ['Fourth Quarter'] = 36},
		['season']	= {['Winter'] = 24, ['Spring'] = 21, ['Summer'] = 22, ['Fall'] = 23, ['Autumn'] = 23},
		['named']	= {['Easter'] = 98, ['Christmas'] = 99},
		},
	['inv_local_long'] = {},													-- used in date reformatting &amp; translation; copy of date_names['local'].long where k/v are inverted: [1]='&lt;local name&gt;' etc.
	['inv_local_short'] = {},													-- used in date reformatting &amp; translation; copy of date_names['local'].short where k/v are inverted: [1]='&lt;local name&gt;' etc.
	['inv_local_quarter'] = {},													-- used in date translation; copy of date_names['local'].quarter where k/v are inverted: [1]='&lt;local name&gt;' etc.
	['inv_local_season'] = {},													-- used in date translation; copy of date_names['local'].season where k/v are inverted: [1]='&lt;local name&gt;' etc.
	['inv_local_named'] = {},													-- used in date translation; copy of date_names['local'].named where k/v are inverted: [1]='&lt;local name&gt;' etc.
	['local_digits'] = {['0'] = '0', ['1'] = '1', ['2'] = '2', ['3'] = '3', ['4'] = '4', ['5'] = '5', ['6'] = '6', ['7'] = '7', ['8'] = '8', ['9'] = '9'},	-- used to convert local language digits to Western 0-9
	['xlate_digits'] = {},
	}

if local_date_names_from_mediawiki then											-- if fetching local month names from MediaWiki is enabled
	local long_t = {};
	local short_t = {};
	for i=1, 12 do																-- loop 12x and 
		local name = lang_obj:formatDate('F', '2022-' .. i .. '-1');			-- get long month name for each i
		long_t[name] = i;														-- save it
		name = lang_obj:formatDate('M', '2022-' .. i .. '-1');					-- get short month name for each i
		short_t[name] = i;														-- save it
	end
	date_names['local']['long'] = long_t;										-- write the long table – overwrites manual translation
	date_names['local']['short'] = short_t;										-- write the short table – overwrites manual translation
end
																				-- create inverted date-name tables for reformatting and/or translation
for _, invert_t in pairs {{'long', 'inv_local_long'}, {'short', 'inv_local_short'}, {'quarter', 'inv_local_quarter'}, {'season', 'inv_local_season'}, {'named', 'inv_local_named'}} do
	for name, i in pairs (date_names['local'][invert_t[1]]) do					-- this table is ['name'] = i
		date_names[invert_t[2]][i] = name;										-- invert to get [i] = 'name' for conversions from ymd
	end
end

if local_digits_from_mediawiki then												-- if fetching local digits from MediaWiki is enabled
	local digits_t = {};
	for i=0, 9 do																-- loop 10x and 
		digits_t [lang_obj:formatNum (i)] = tostring (i);						-- format the loop indexer as local lang table index and assign loop indexer (a string) as the value
	end
	date_names['local_digits'] = digits_t;
end

for ld, ed in pairs (date_names.local_digits) do								-- make a digit translation table for simple date translation from en to local language using local_digits table
	date_names.xlate_digits [ed] = ld;											-- en digit becomes index with local digit as the value
end

local df_template_patterns = {													-- table of redirects to {{Use dmy dates}} and {{Use mdy dates}}
	'{{ *[Uu]se +(dmy) +dates *[|}]',	-- 1159k								-- sorted by approximate transclusion count
	'{{ *[Uu]se +(mdy) +dates *[|}]',	-- 212k
	'{{ *[Uu]se +(MDY) +dates *[|}]',	-- 788
	'{{ *[Uu]se +(DMY) +dates *[|}]',	-- 343
	'{{ *([Mm]dy) *[|}]',				-- 176
	'{{ *[Uu]se *(dmy) *[|}]',			-- 156 + 18
	'{{ *[Uu]se *(mdy) *[|}]',			-- 149 + 11
	'{{ *([Dd]my) *[|}]',				-- 56
	'{{ *[Uu]se +(MDY) *[|}]',			-- 5
	'{{ *([Dd]MY) *[|}]',				-- 3
	'{{ *[Uu]se(mdy)dates *[|}]',		-- 1
	'{{ *[Uu]se +(DMY) *[|}]',			-- 0
	'{{ *([Mm]DY) *[|}]',				-- 0
	}

local title_object = mw.title.getCurrentTitle();
local content;																	-- done this way  so that unused templates appear in unused-template-reports; self-transcluded makes them look like they are used
if 10 ~= title_object.namespace then											-- all namespaces except Template
	content = title_object:getContent() or '';									-- get the content of the article or ''; new pages edited w/ve do not have 'content' until saved; ve does not preview; phab:T221625
end

local function get_date_format ()
	if not content then															-- nil content when we're in template
		return nil;																-- auto-formatting does not work in Template space so don't set global_df
	end
	for _, pattern in ipairs (df_template_patterns) do							-- loop through the patterns looking for {{Use dmy dates}} or {{Use mdy dates}} or any of their redirects
		local start, _, match = content:find(pattern);							-- match is the three letters indicating desired date format
		if match then
			local use_dates_template = content:match ('%b{}', start);			-- get the whole template
			if use_dates_template:match ('| *cs1%-dates *= *[lsy][sy]?') then	-- look for |cs1-dates=publication date length access-/archive-date length
				return match:lower() .. '-' .. use_dates_template:match ('| *cs1%-dates *= *([lsy][sy]?)');
			else
				return match:lower() .. '-all';									-- no |cs1-dates= k/v pair; return value appropriate for use in |df=
			end
		end
	end
end

local global_df;																-- TODO: add this to &lt;global_cs1_config_t&gt;?


--[[-----------------&lt; V O L U M E ,  I S S U E ,  P A G E S &gt;------------------

These tables hold cite class values (from the template invocation) and identify those templates that support
|volume=, |issue=, and |page(s)= parameters.  Cite conference and cite map require further qualification which
is handled in the main module.

]]

local templates_using_volume = {'citation', 'audio-visual', 'book', 'conference', 'encyclopaedia', 'interview', 'journal', 'magazine', 'map', 'news', 'report', 'techreport', 'thesis'}
local templates_using_issue = {'citation', 'conference', 'episode', 'interview', 'journal', 'magazine', 'map', 'news', 'podcast'}
local templates_not_using_page = {'audio-visual', 'episode', 'mailinglist', 'newsgroup', 'podcast', 'serial', 'sign', 'speech'}

--[[

These tables control when it is appropriate for {{citation}} to render |volume= and/or |issue=.  The parameter
names in the tables constrain {{citation}} so that its renderings match the renderings of the equivalent cs1
templates.  For example, {{cite web}} does not support |volume= so the equivalent {{citation |website=...}} must
not support |volume=.

]]

local citation_no_volume_t = {													-- {{citation}} does not render |volume= when these parameters are used
	'website', 'mailinglist', 'script-website',
	}
local citation_issue_t = {														-- {{citation}} may render |issue= when these parameters are used
	'journal', 'magazine', 'newspaper', 'periodical', 'work',
	'script-journal', 'script-magazine', 'script-newspaper', 'script-periodical', 'script-work',
	}

--[[

Patterns for finding extra text in |volume=, |issue=, |page=, |pages=

]]

local vol_iss_pg_patterns = {
	good_ppattern = '^P[^%.PpGg]',												-- OK to begin with uppercase P: P7 (page 7 of section P), but not p123 (page 123); TODO: this allows 'Pages' which it should not
	bad_ppatterns = {															-- patterns for |page= and |pages=
		'^[Pp][PpGg]?%.?[ %d]',
		'^[Pp][Pp]?%.&amp;nbsp;',													-- from {{p.}} and {{pp.}} templates
		'^[Pp]ages?',
		'^[Pp]gs.?',
		},
	vi_patterns_t = {															-- combined to catch volume-like text in |issue= and issue-like text in |volume=
		'^volumes?',															-- volume-like text
		'^vols?[%.:=]?',

		'^issues?',																--issue-like text
		'^iss[%.:=]?',
		'^numbers?',
		'^nos?%A',																-- don't match 'november' or 'nostradamus'
		'^nr[%.:=]?',
		'^n[%.:= ]',															-- might be a valid issue without separator (space char is sep char here)
		'^n°',																	-- 'n' with degree sign (U+00B0)
		'^№',																	-- precomposed unicode numero character (U+2116)
		},
	}

--[[--------------------------&lt; K E Y W O R D S &gt;-------------------------------

These tables hold keywords for those parameters that have defined sets of acceptable keywords.

]]

--[[-------------------&lt; K E Y W O R D S   T A B L E &gt;--------------------------

this is a list of keywords; each key in the list is associated with a table of
synonymous keywords possibly from different languages.

for I18N: add local-language keywords to value table; do not change the key.
For example, adding the German keyword 'ja':
	['affirmative'] = {'yes', 'true', 'y', 'ja'},

Because CS1|2 templates from en.wiki articles are often copied to other local wikis,
it is recommended that the English keywords remain in these tables.

]]

local keywords = {
	['amp'] = {'&amp;', 'amp', 'ampersand'}, 										-- |name-list-style=
	['and'] = {'and', 'serial'},												-- |name-list-style=
	['affirmative'] = {'yes', 'true', 'y'},										-- |no-tracking=, |no-pp= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['afterword'] = {'afterword'},												-- |contribution=
	['bot: unknown'] = {'bot: unknown'},										-- |url-status= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['cs1'] = {'cs1'},															-- |mode=
	['cs2'] = {'cs2'},															-- |mode=
	['dead'] = {'dead', 'deviated'},											-- |url-status= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['dmy'] = {'dmy'},															-- |df=
	['dmy-all'] = {'dmy-all'},													-- |df=
	['foreword'] = {'foreword'},												-- |contribution=
	['free'] = {'free'},														-- |&lt;id&gt;-access= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['harv'] = {'harv'},														-- |ref=; this no longer supported; is_valid_parameter_value() called with &lt;invert&gt; = true
	['introduction'] = {'introduction'},										-- |contribution=
	['limited'] = {'limited'},													-- |url-access= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['live'] = {'live'},														-- |url-status= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['mdy'] = {'mdy'},															-- |df=
	['mdy-all'] = {'mdy-all'},													-- |df=
	['none'] = {'none'},														-- |postscript=, |ref=, |title=, |type= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['off'] = {'off'},															-- |title= (potentially also: |title-link=, |postscript=, |ref=, |type=)
	['preface'] = {'preface'},													-- |contribution=
	['registration'] = {'registration'},										-- |url-access= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['subscription'] = {'subscription'},										-- |url-access= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['unfit'] = {'unfit'},														-- |url-status= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['usurped'] = {'usurped'},													-- |url-status= -- Used by InternetArchiveBot
	['vanc'] = {'vanc'},														-- |name-list-style=
	['ymd'] = {'ymd'},															-- |df=
	['ymd-all'] = {'ymd-all'},													-- |df=
	--	['yMd'] = {'yMd'},														-- |df=; not supported at en.wiki
	--	['yMd-all'] = {'yMd-all'},												-- |df=; not supported at en.wiki
	}


--[[------------------------&lt; X L A T E _ K E Y W O R D S &gt;---------------------

this function builds a list, keywords_xlate{}, of the keywords found in keywords{} where the values from keywords{}
become the keys in keywords_xlate{} and the keys from keywords{} become the values in keywords_xlate{}:
	['affirmative'] = {'yes', 'true', 'y'},		-- in keywords{}
becomes
	['yes'] = 'affirmative',					-- in keywords_xlate{}
	['true'] = 'affirmative',
	['y'] = 'affirmative',

the purpose of this function is to act as a translator between a non-English keyword and its English equivalent
that may be used in other modules of this suite

]]

local function xlate_keywords ()
	local out_table = {};														-- output goes here
	for k, keywords_t in pairs (keywords) do									-- spin through the keywords table
		for _, keyword in ipairs (keywords_t) do								-- for each keyword
			out_table[keyword] = k;												-- create an entry in the output table where keyword is the key
		end
	end
	
	return out_table;
end

local keywords_xlate = xlate_keywords ();										-- the list of translated keywords


--[[----------------&lt; M A K E _ K E Y W O R D S _ L I S T &gt;---------------------

this function assembles, for parameter-value validation, the list of keywords appropriate to that parameter.

keywords_lists{}, is a table of tables from keywords{}

]]

local function make_keywords_list (keywords_lists)
	local out_table = {};														-- output goes here
	
	for _, keyword_list in ipairs (keywords_lists) do							-- spin through keywords_lists{} and get a table of keywords
		for _, keyword in ipairs (keyword_list) do								-- spin through keyword_list{} and add each keyword, ...
			table.insert (out_table, keyword);									-- ... as plain text, to the output list
		end
	end
	return out_table;
end


--[[----------------&lt; K E Y W O R D S _ L I S T S &gt;-----------------------------

this is a list of lists of valid keywords for the various parameters in [key].
Generally the keys in this table are the canonical en.wiki parameter names though
some are contrived because of use in multiple differently named parameters:
['yes_true_y'], ['id-access'].

The function make_keywords_list() extracts the individual keywords from the
appropriate list in keywords{}.

The lists in this table are used to validate the keyword assignment for the
parameters named in this table's keys.

]]

local keywords_lists = {
	['yes_true_y'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.affirmative}),
	['contribution'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.afterword, keywords.foreword, keywords.introduction, keywords.preface}),
	['df'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.dmy, keywords['dmy-all'], keywords.mdy, keywords['mdy-all'], keywords.ymd, keywords['ymd-all']}),
	--	['df'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.dmy, keywords['dmy-all'], keywords.mdy, keywords['mdy-all'], keywords.ymd, keywords['ymd-all'], keywords.yMd, keywords['yMd-all']}),	-- not supported at en.wiki
	['mode'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.cs1, keywords.cs2}),
	['name-list-style'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.amp, keywords['and'], keywords.vanc}),
	['ref'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.harv}),								-- inverted check; |ref=harv no longer supported
	['url-access'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.subscription, keywords.limited, keywords.registration}),
	['url-status'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.dead, keywords.live, keywords.unfit, keywords.usurped, keywords['bot: unknown']}),
	['id-access'] = make_keywords_list ({keywords.free}),
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; C S 1 _ C O N F I G _ G E T &gt;--------------------------------------------------

fetch and validate values from {{cs1 config}} template to fill &lt;global_cs1_config_t&gt;

no error messages; when errors are detected, the parameter value from {{cs1 config}} is blanked.

Supports all parameters and aliases associated with the metaparameters: DisplayAuthors, DisplayContributors,
DisplayEditors, DisplayInterviewers, DisplayTranslators, NameListStyle, and Mode.  The DisplayWhatever metaparameters
accept numeric values only (|display-authors=etal and the like is not supported).

]]

local global_cs1_config_t = {};													-- TODO: add value returned from get_date_format() to this table?

local function get_cs1_config ()
	if not content then															-- nil content when we're in template
		return nil;																-- auto-formatting does not work in Template space so don't set global_df
	end

	local start = content:find('{{ *[Cc][Ss]1 config *[|}]');					-- &lt;start&gt; is offset into &lt;content&gt; when {{cs1 config}} found; nil else
	if start then
		local cs1_config_template = content:match ('%b{}', start);				-- get the whole template

		if not cs1_config_template then
			return nil;
		end

		local params_t = mw.text.split (cs1_config_template:gsub ('^{{%s*', ''):gsub ('%s*}}$', ''), '%s*|%s*');	-- remove '{{' and '}}'; make a sequence of parameter/value pairs (split on the pipe)
		table.remove (params_t, 1);												-- remove the template name because it isn't a parameter/value pair

		local config_meta_params_t = {'DisplayAuthors', 'DisplayContributors', 'DisplayEditors', 'DisplayInterviewers', 'DisplayTranslators', 'NameListStyle', 'Mode'};
		local meta_param_map_t = {};											-- list of accepted parameter names usable in {{cs1 config}} goes here
		
		for _, meta_param in ipairs (config_meta_params_t) do					-- for i18n using &lt;config_meta_params_t&gt;, map template parameter names to their metaparameter equivalents
			if 'table' == type (aliases[meta_param]) then						-- if &lt;meta_param&gt; is a sequence, 
				for _, param in ipairs (aliases[meta_param]) do					-- extract its contents
					meta_param_map_t[param] = meta_param;						-- and add to &lt;meta_param_map_t&gt;
				end
			else
				meta_param_map_t[aliases[meta_param]] = meta_param;				-- not a sequence so just add the parameter to &lt;meta_param_map_t&gt;
			end
		end

		local keywords_t = {};													-- map valid keywords to their associate metaparameter; reverse form of &lt;keyword_lists[key] for these metaparameters
		for _, metaparam_t in ipairs ({{'NameListStyle', 'name-list-style'}, {'Mode', 'mode'}}) do	-- only these metaparameter / keywords_lists key pairs
			for _, keyword in ipairs (keywords_lists[metaparam_t[2]]) do		-- spin through the list of keywords
				keywords_t[keyword] = metaparam_t[1];							-- add [keyword] = metaparameter to the map
			end
		end

		for _, param in ipairs (params_t) do									-- spin through the {{cs1 config}} parameters and fill &lt;global_cs1_config_t&gt;
			local k, v = param:match ('([^=]-)%s*=%s*(.+)');					-- &lt;k&gt; is the parameter name; &lt;v&gt; is parameter's assigned value
			if k then
				if k:find ('^display') then										-- if &lt;k&gt; is one of the |display-&lt;namelist&gt;= parameters
					if v:match ('%d+') then										-- the assigned value must be digits; doesn't accept 'etal'
						global_cs1_config_t[meta_param_map_t[k]]=v;				-- add the display param and its value to globals table
					end
				else
					if keywords_t[v] == meta_param_map_t[k] then				-- keywords_t[v] returns nil or the metaparam name; these must be the same
						global_cs1_config_t[meta_param_map_t[k]]=v;				-- add the parameter and its value to globals table
					end
				end
			end
		end
	end
end

get_cs1_config ();																-- fill &lt;global_cs1_config_t&gt;


--[[---------------------&lt; S T R I P M A R K E R S &gt;----------------------------

Common pattern definition location for stripmarkers so that we don't have to go
hunting for them if (when) MediaWiki changes their form.

]]

local stripmarkers = {
	['any'] = '\127[^\127]*UNIQ%-%-(%a+)%-[%a%d]+%-QINU[^\127]*\127',			-- capture returns name of stripmarker
	['math'] = '\127[^\127]*UNIQ%-%-math%-[%a%d]+%-QINU[^\127]*\127'			-- math stripmarkers used in coins_cleanup() and coins_replace_math_stripmarker()
	}


--[[------------&lt; I N V I S I B L E _ C H A R A C T E R S &gt;---------------------

This table holds non-printing or invisible characters indexed either by name or
by Unicode group. Values are decimal representations of UTF-8 codes.  The table
is organized as a table of tables because the Lua pairs keyword returns table
data in an arbitrary order.  Here, we want to process the table from top to bottom
because the entries at the top of the table are also found in the ranges specified
by the entries at the bottom of the table.

Also here is a pattern that recognizes stripmarkers that begin and end with the
delete characters.  The nowiki stripmarker is not an error but some others are
because the parameter values that include them become part of the template's
metadata before stripmarker replacement.

]]

local invisible_defs = {
	del = '\127',																-- used to distinguish between stripmarker and del char
	zwj = '\226\128\141',														-- used with capture because zwj may be allowed
	}

local invisible_chars = {
	{'replacement', '\239\191\189'},											-- U+FFFD, EF BF BD
	{'zero width joiner', '('.. invisible_defs.zwj .. ')'},						-- U+200D, E2 80 8D; capture because zwj may be allowed
	{'zero width space', '\226\128\139'},										-- U+200B, E2 80 8B
	{'hair space', '\226\128\138'},												-- U+200A, E2 80 8A
	{'soft hyphen', '\194\173'},												-- U+00AD, C2 AD
	{'horizontal tab', '\009'},													-- U+0009 (HT), 09
	{'line feed', '\010'},														-- U+000A (LF), 0A
	{'no-break space', '\194\160'},												-- U+00A0 (NBSP), C2 A0
	{'carriage return', '\013'},												-- U+000D (CR), 0D
	{'stripmarker', stripmarkers.any},											-- stripmarker; may or may not be an error; capture returns the stripmaker type
	{'delete', '('.. invisible_defs.del .. ')'},								-- U+007F (DEL), 7F; must be done after stripmarker test; capture to distinguish isolated del chars not part of stripmarker
	{'C0 control', '[\000-\008\011\012\014-\031]'},								-- U+0000–U+001F (NULL–US), 00–1F (except HT, LF, CR (09, 0A, 0D))
	{'C1 control', '[\194\128-\194\159]'},										-- U+0080–U+009F (XXX–APC), C2 80 – C2 9F
	--	{'Specials', '[\239\191\185-\239\191\191]'},								-- U+FFF9-U+FFFF, EF BF B9 – EF BF BF
	--	{'Private use area', '[\238\128\128-\239\163\191]'},						-- U+E000–U+F8FF, EE 80 80 – EF A3 BF
	--	{'Supplementary Private Use Area-A', '[\243\176\128\128-\243\191\191\189]'},	-- U+F0000–U+FFFFD, F3 B0 80 80 – F3 BF BF BD
	--	{'Supplementary Private Use Area-B', '[\244\128\128\128-\244\143\191\189]'},	-- U+100000–U+10FFFD, F4 80 80 80 – F4 8F BF BD
	}

--[[

Indic script makes use of zero width joiner as a character modifier so zwj
characters must be left in.  This pattern covers all of the unicode characters
for these languages:
	Devanagari					0900–097F – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0900.pdf
		Devanagari extended		A8E0–A8FF – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/UA8E0.pdf
	Bengali						0980–09FF – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0980.pdf
	Gurmukhi					0A00–0A7F – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0A00.pdf
	Gujarati					0A80–0AFF – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0A80.pdf
	Oriya						0B00–0B7F – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0B00.pdf
	Tamil						0B80–0BFF – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0B80.pdf
	Telugu						0C00–0C7F – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0C00.pdf
	Kannada						0C80–0CFF – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0C80.pdf
	Malayalam					0D00–0D7F – https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0D00.pdf
plus the not-necessarily Indic scripts for Sinhala and Burmese:
	Sinhala						0D80-0DFF - https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U0D80.pdf
	Myanmar						1000-109F - https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/U1000.pdf
		Myanmar extended A		AA60-AA7F - https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/UAA60.pdf
		Myanmar extended B		A9E0-A9FF - https://unicode.org/charts/PDF/UA9E0.pdf
the pattern is used by has_invisible_chars() and coins_cleanup()

]]

local indic_script = '[\224\164\128-\224\181\191\224\163\160-\224\183\191\225\128\128-\225\130\159\234\167\160-\234\167\191\234\169\160-\234\169\191]';

-- list of emoji that use a zwj character (U+200D) to combine with another emoji
-- from: https://unicode.org/Public/emoji/15.1/emoji-zwj-sequences.txt; version: 15.1; 2023-06-05
-- table created by: [[:en:Module:Make emoji zwj table]]
local emoji_t = {																-- indexes are decimal forms of the hex values in U+xxxx
	[8596] = true,																-- U+2194 ↔ left right arrow
	[8597] = true,																-- U+2195 ↕ up down arrow
	[9760] = true,																-- U+2620 ☠ skull and crossbones
	[9792] = true,																-- U+2640 ♀ female sign
	[9794] = true,																-- U+2642 ♂ male sign
	[9877] = true,																-- U+2695 ⚕ staff of aesculapius
	[9878] = true,																-- U+2696 ⚖ scales
	[9895] = true,																-- U+26A7 ⚧ male with stroke and male and female sign
	[9992] = true,																-- U+2708 ✈ airplane
	[10052] = true,																-- U+2744 ❄ snowflake
	[10084] = true,																-- U+2764 ❤ heavy black heart
	[10145] = true,																-- U+27A1 ➡ black rightwards arrow
	[11035] = true,																-- U+2B1B ⬛ black large square
	[127752] = true,															-- U+1F308 🌈 rainbow
	[127787] = true,															-- U+1F32B 🌫 fog
	[127806] = true,															-- U+1F33E 🌾 ear of rice
	[127859] = true,															-- U+1F373 🍳 cooking
	[127868] = true,															-- U+1F37C 🍼 baby bottle
	[127876] = true,															-- U+1F384 🎄 christmas tree
	[127891] = true,															-- U+1F393 🎓 graduation cap
	[127908] = true,															-- U+1F3A4 🎤 microphone
	[127912] = true,															-- U+1F3A8 🎨 artist palette
	[127979] = true,															-- U+1F3EB 🏫 school
	[127981] = true,															-- U+1F3ED 🏭 factory
	[128102] = true,															-- U+1F466 👦 boy
	[128103] = true,															-- U+1F467 👧 girl
	[128104] = true,															-- U+1F468 👨 man
	[128105] = true,															-- U+1F469 👩 woman
	[128139] = true,															-- U+1F48B 💋 kiss mark
	[128165] = true,															-- U+1F4A5 💥 collision symbol
	[128168] = true,															-- U+1F4A8 💨 dash symbol
	[128171] = true,															-- U+1F4AB 💫 dizzy symbol
	[128187] = true,															-- U+1F4BB 💻 personal computer
	[128188] = true,															-- U+1F4BC 💼 brief case
	[128293] = true,															-- U+1F525 🔥 fire
	[128295] = true,															-- U+1F527 🔧 wrench
	[128300] = true,															-- U+1F52C 🔬 microscope
	[128488] = true,															-- U+1F5E8 🗨 left speech bubble
	[128640] = true,															-- U+1F680 🚀 rocket
	[128658] = true,															-- U+1F692 🚒 fire engine
	[129001] = true,															-- U+1F7E9 🟩 large green square
	[129003] = true,															-- U+1F7EB 🟫 large brown square
	[129309] = true,															-- U+1F91D 🤝 handshake
	[129455] = true,															-- U+1F9AF 🦯 probing cane
	[129456] = true,															-- U+1F9B0 🦰 emoji component red hair
	[129457] = true,															-- U+1F9B1 🦱 emoji component curly hair
	[129458] = true,															-- U+1F9B2 🦲 emoji component bald
	[129459] = true,															-- U+1F9B3 🦳 emoji component white hair
	[129466] = true,															-- U+1F9BA 🦺 safety vest
	[129468] = true,															-- U+1F9BC 🦼 motorized wheelchair
	[129469] = true,															-- U+1F9BD 🦽 manual wheelchair
	[129489] = true,															-- U+1F9D1 🧑 adult
	[129490] = true,															-- U+1F9D2 🧒 child
	[129657] = true,															-- U+1FA79 🩹 adhesive bandage
	[129778] = true,															-- U+1FAF2 🫲 leftwards hand
	}


--[[----------------------&lt; L A N G U A G E   S U P P O R T &gt;-------------------

These tables and constants support various language-specific functionality.

]]

--local this_wiki_code = mw.getContentLanguage():getCode();						-- get this wiki's language code
local this_wiki_code = lang_obj:getCode();										-- get this wiki's language code
if string.match (mw.site.server, 'wikidata') then
		this_wiki_code = mw.getCurrentFrame():callParserFunction('int', {'lang'}); -- on Wikidata so use interface language setting instead
	end

local mw_languages_by_tag_t = mw.language.fetchLanguageNames (this_wiki_code, 'all');	-- get a table of language tag/name pairs known to Wikimedia; used for interwiki tests
local mw_languages_by_name_t = {};
	for k, v in pairs (mw_languages_by_tag_t) do								-- build a 'reversed' table name/tag language pairs know to MediaWiki; used for |language=
		v = mw.ustring.lower (v);												-- lowercase for tag fetch; get name's proper case from mw_languages_by_tag_t[&lt;tag&gt;]
		if mw_languages_by_name_t[v] then										-- when name already in the table
			if 2 == #k or 3 == #k then											-- if tag does not have subtags
				mw_languages_by_name_t[v] = k;									-- prefer the shortest tag for this name
			end
		else																	-- here when name not in the table
			mw_languages_by_name_t[v] = k;										-- so add name and matching tag
		end
	end

local inter_wiki_map = {};														-- map of interwiki prefixes that are language-code prefixes
	for k, v in pairs (mw.site.interwikiMap ('local')) do						-- spin through the base interwiki map (limited to local)
		if mw_languages_by_tag_t[v[&quot;prefix&quot;]] then								-- if the prefix matches a known language tag
			inter_wiki_map[v[&quot;prefix&quot;]] = true;									-- add it to our local map
		end
	end


--[[--------------------&lt; S C R I P T _ L A N G _ C O D E S &gt;-------------------

This table is used to hold ISO 639-1 two-character and ISO 639-3 three-character
language codes that apply only to |script-title= and |script-chapter=

]]

local script_lang_codes = {
	'ab', 'am', 'ar', 'be', 'bg', 'bn', 'bo', 'bs', 'dv', 'dz', 'el', 'fa', 'gu', 'he',
	'hi', 'hy', 'ja', 'ka', 'kk', 'km', 'kn', 'ko', 'ku', 'ky', 'lo', 'mk',	'ml', 'mn',
	'mni', 'mr', 'my', 'ne', 'or', 'ota', 'pa', 'ps', 'ru', 'sd', 'si', 'sr', 'syc', 'ta',
	'te', 'tg', 'th', 'ti', 'tt', 'ug', 'uk', 'ur', 'uz', 'yi', 'yue', 'zh'
	};


--[[---------------&lt; L A N G U A G E   R E M A P P I N G &gt;----------------------

These tables hold language information that is different (correct) from MediaWiki's definitions

For each ['&lt;tag&gt;'] = 'language name' in lang_code_remap{} there must be a matching ['language name'] = {'language name', '&lt;tag&gt;'} in lang_name_remap{}

lang_tag_remap{}:
	key is always lowercase ISO 639-1, -2, -3 language tag or a valid lowercase IETF language tag
	value is properly spelled and capitalized language name associated with &lt;tag&gt;
	only one language name per &lt;tag&gt;;
	key/value pair must have matching entry in lang_name_remap{}

lang_name_remap{}:
	key is always lowercase language name
	value is a table the holds correctly spelled and capitalized language name [1] and associated tag [2] (tag must match a tag key in lang_tag_remap{})
	may have multiple keys referring to a common preferred name and tag; For example:
		['kolsch'] and ['kölsch'] both refer to 'Kölsch' and 'ksh'

]]

local lang_tag_remap = {														-- used for |language= and |script-title= / |script-chapter=
	['als'] = 'Tosk Albanian',													-- MediaWiki returns Alemannisch 
	['bh'] = 'Bihari',															-- MediaWiki uses 'bh' as a subdomain name for Bhojpuri Wikipedia: bh.wikipedia.org
	['bla'] = 'Blackfoot',														-- MediaWiki/IANA/ISO 639: Siksika; use en.wiki preferred name
	['bn'] = 'Bengali',															-- MediaWiki returns Bangla
	['ca-valencia'] = 'Valencian',												-- IETF variant of Catalan
	['fkv'] = 'Kven',															-- MediaWiki returns Kvensk
	['gsw'] = 'Swiss German',
	['ilo'] = 'Ilocano',														-- MediaWiki/IANA/ISO 639: Iloko; use en.wiki preferred name
	['ksh'] = 'Kölsch',															-- MediaWiki: Colognian; use IANA/ISO 639 preferred name
	['ksh-x-colog'] = 'Colognian',												-- override MediaWiki ksh; no IANA/ISO 639 code for Colognian; IETF private code created at Module:Lang/data
	['mis-x-ripuar'] = 'Ripuarian',												-- override MediaWiki ksh; no IANA/ISO 639 code for Ripuarian; IETF private code created at Module:Lang/data
	['nan-tw'] = 'Taiwanese Hokkien',											-- make room for MediaWiki/IANA/ISO 639 nan: Min Nan Chinese and support en.wiki preferred name
	['sr-ec'] = 'Serbian (Cyrillic script)',									-- MediaWiki returns српски (ћирилица)
	['sr-el'] = 'Serbian (Latin script)',										-- MediaWiki returns srpski (latinica)
	}

local lang_name_remap = {														-- used for |language=; names require proper capitalization; tags must be lowercase
	['alemannic'] = {'Swiss German', 'gsw'},									-- ISO 639-2, -3 alternate for Swiss German; MediaWiki mediawiki returns Alemannic for gsw; en.wiki preferred name
	['alemannisch'] = {'Swiss German', 'gsw'},									-- not an ISO or IANA language name; MediaWiki uses 'als' as a subdomain name for Alemannic Wikipedia: als.wikipedia.org
	['bangla'] = {'Bengali', 'bn'},												-- MediaWiki returns Bangla (the endonym) but we want Bengali (the exonym); here we remap
	['bengali'] = {'Bengali', 'bn'},											-- MediaWiki doesn't use exonym so here we provide correct language name and 639-1 code
	['bhojpuri'] = {'Bhojpuri', 'bho'},											-- MediaWiki uses 'bh' as a subdomain name for Bhojpuri Wikipedia: bh.wikipedia.org
	['bihari'] = {'Bihari', 'bh'},												-- MediaWiki replaces 'Bihari' with 'Bhojpuri' so 'Bihari' cannot be found
	['blackfoot'] = {'Blackfoot', 'bla'},										-- MediaWiki/IANA/ISO 639: Siksika; use en.wiki preferred name
	['colognian'] = {'Colognian', 'ksh-x-colog'},								-- MediaWiki preferred name for ksh
	['ilocano'] = {'Ilocano', 'ilo'},											-- MediaWiki/IANA/ISO 639: Iloko; use en.wiki preferred name
	['kolsch'] = {'Kölsch', 'ksh'},												-- use IANA/ISO 639 preferred name (use non-diacritical o instead of umlaut ö)
	['kölsch'] = {'Kölsch', 'ksh'},												-- use IANA/ISO 639 preferred name
	['kven'] = {'Kven', 'fkv'},													-- Unicode CLDR have decided not to support English language name for these two...
	['kvensk'] = {'Kven', 'fkv'},												-- ...they say to refer to IANA registry for English names
	['ripuarian'] = {'Ripuarian', 'mis-x-ripuar'},								-- group of dialects; no code in MediaWiki or in IANA/ISO 639
	['serbian (cyrillic script)'] = {'Serbian (Cyrillic script)', 'sr-cyrl'},	-- special case to get correct tag when |language=sr-ec
	['serbian (latin script)'] = {'Serbian (Latin script)', 'sr-latn'},			-- special case to get correct tag when |language=sr-el
	['swiss german'] = {'Swiss German', 'gsw'},
	['taiwanese hokkien'] = {'Taiwanese Hokkien', 'nan-tw'},					-- make room for MediaWiki/IANA/ISO 639 nan: Min Nan Chinese 
	['tosk albanian'] = {'Tosk Albanian', 'als'},								-- MediaWiki replaces 'Tosk Albanian' with 'Alemannisch' so 'Tosk Albanian' cannot be found
	['valencian'] = {'Valencian', 'ca-valencia'},								-- variant of Catalan; categorizes as Valencian
	}


--[[---------------&lt; P R O P E R T I E S _ C A T E G O R I E S &gt;----------------

Properties categories. These are used for investigating qualities of citations.

]]

local prop_cats = {
	['foreign-lang-source'] = 'CS1 $1-language sources ($2)',					-- |language= categories; $1 is foreign-language name, $2 is ISO639-1 code
	['foreign-lang-source-2'] = 'CS1 foreign language sources (ISO 639-2)|$1',	-- |language= category; a cat for ISO639-2 languages; $1 is the ISO 639-2 code used as a sort key
	['local-lang-source'] = 'CS1 $1-language sources ($2)',						-- |language= categories; $1 is local-language name, $2 is ISO639-1 code; not emitted when local_lang_cat_enable is false
	['location-test'] = 'CS1 location test',
	['long-vol'] = 'CS1: long volume value',									-- probably temporary cat to identify scope of |volume= values longer than 4 characters
	['script'] = 'CS1 uses $1-language script ($2)',							-- |script-title=xx: has matching category; $1 is language name, $2 is ISO639-1 code
	['tracked-param'] = 'CS1 tracked parameter: $1',							-- $1 is base (enumerators removed) parameter name
	['year-range-abbreviated'] = 'CS1: abbreviated year range',					-- probably temporary cat to identify scope of |date=, |year= values using YYYY–YY form
	}


--[[-------------------&lt; T I T L E _ T Y P E S &gt;--------------------------------

Here we map a template's CitationClass to TitleType (default values for |type= parameter)

]]

local title_types = {
	['AV-media-notes'] = 'Media notes',
	['document'] = 'Document',
	['interview'] = 'Interview',
	['mailinglist'] = 'Mailing list',
	['map'] = 'Map',
	['podcast'] = 'Podcast',
	['pressrelease'] = 'Press release',
	['report'] = 'Report',
	['speech'] = 'Speech',
	['techreport'] = 'Technical report',
	['thesis'] = 'Thesis',
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; B U I L D _ K N O W N _ F R E E _ D O I _ R E G I S T R A N T S _ T A B L E &gt;--

build a table of doi registrants known to be free-to-read  In a doi, the registrant ID is the series of digits
between the '10.' and the first '/': in doi 10.1100/sommat, 1100 is the registrant ID

see §3.2.2 DOI prefix of the Doi Handbook p. 43
https://www.doi.org/doi-handbook/DOI_Handbook_Final.pdf#page=43

]]

local function build_free_doi_registrants_table()
	local registrants_t = {};
	for _, v in ipairs ({
		'1045', '1074', '1096', '1100', '1155', '1186', '1194', '1371', '1629', '1989', '1999', '2147', '2196', '3285', '3389', '3390',
		'3748', '3814', '3847', '3897', '4061', '4089', '4103', '4172', '4175', '4249', '4236', '4239', '4240', '4251',
		'4252', '4253', '4254', '4291', '4292', '4329', '4330', '4331', '5194', '5210', '5306', '5312', '5313', '5314',
		'5315', '5316', '5317', '5318', '5319', '5320', '5321', '5334', '5402', '5409', '5410', '5411', '5412',
		'5492', '5493', '5494', '5495', '5496', '5497', '5498', '5499', '5500', '5501', '5527', '5528', '5662',
		'6064', '6219', '7167', '7217', '7287', '7482', '7490', '7554', '7717', '7759', '7766', '11131', '11569', '11647',
		'11648', '12688', '12703', '12715', '12998', '13105', '14256', '14293', '14303', '15215', '15347', '15412', '15560', '16995',
		'17645', '19080', '19173', '20944', '21037', '21468', '21767', '22261', '22323', '22459', '24105', '24196', '24966',
		'26775', '30845', '32545', '35711', '35712', '35713', '35995', '36648', '37126', '37532', '37871', '47128',
		'47622', '47959', '52437', '52975', '53288', '54081', '54947', '55667', '55914', '57009', '58647', '59081',
		}) do
			registrants_t[v] = true;											-- build a k/v table of known free-to-read doi registrants
	end

	return registrants_t;
end


--[[===================&lt;&lt; E R R O R   M E S S A G I N G &gt;&gt;======================
]]

--[[----------&lt; E R R O R   M E S S A G E   S U P P L I M E N T S &gt;-------------

I18N for those messages that are supplemented with additional specific text that
describes the reason for the error

TODO: merge this with special_case_translations{}?
]]

local err_msg_supl = {
	['char'] = 'invalid character',												-- |isbn=, |sbn=
	['check'] = 'checksum',														-- |isbn=, |sbn=
	['flag'] = 'flag',															-- |archive-url=
	['form'] = 'invalid form',													-- |isbn=, |sbn=
	['group'] = 'invalid group id',												-- |isbn=
	['initials'] = 'initials',													-- Vancouver
	['invalid language code'] = 'invalid language code',						-- |script-&lt;param&gt;=
	['journal'] = 'journal',													-- |bibcode=
	['length'] = 'length',														-- |isbn=, |bibcode=, |sbn=
	['liveweb'] = 'liveweb',													-- |archive-url=
	['missing comma'] = 'missing comma',										-- Vancouver
	['missing prefix'] = 'missing prefix',										-- |script-&lt;param&gt;=
	['missing title part'] = 'missing title part',								-- |script-&lt;param&gt;=
	['name'] = 'name',															-- Vancouver
	['non-Latin char'] = 'non-Latin character',									-- Vancouver
	['path'] = 'path',															-- |archive-url=
	['prefix'] = 'invalid prefix',												-- |isbn=
	['punctuation'] = 'punctuation',											-- Vancouver
	['save'] = 'save command',													-- |archive-url=
	['suffix'] = 'suffix',														-- Vancouver
	['timestamp'] = 'timestamp',												-- |archive-url=
	['unknown language code'] = 'unknown language code',						-- |script-&lt;param&gt;=
	['value'] = 'value',														-- |bibcode=
	['year'] = 'year',															-- |bibcode=
	}


--[[--------------&lt; E R R O R _ C O N D I T I O N S &gt;---------------------------

Error condition table.  This table has two sections: errors at the top, maintenance
at the bottom.  Maint 'messaging' does not have a 'message' (message=nil)

The following contains a list of IDs for various error conditions defined in the
code.  For each ID, we specify a text message to display, an error category to
include, and whether the error message should be wrapped as a hidden comment.

Anchor changes require identical changes to matching anchor in Help:CS1 errors

TODO: rename error_conditions{} to something more generic; create separate error
and maint tables inside that?

]]

local error_conditions = {
	err_accessdate_missing_url = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;access-date=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;url=&lt;/code&gt;',
		anchor = 'accessdate_missing_url',
		category = 'CS1 errors: access-date without URL',
		hidden = false
 		},
	err_apostrophe_markup = {
		message = 'Italic or bold markup not allowed in: &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'apostrophe_markup',
		category = 'CS1 errors: markup',
		hidden = false
 		},
	err_archive_date_missing_url = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;archive-date=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;archive-url=&lt;/code&gt;',
		anchor = 'archive_date_missing_url',
		category = 'CS1 errors: archive-url',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_archive_date_url_ts_mismatch = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;archive-date=&lt;/code&gt; / &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;archive-url=&lt;/code&gt; timestamp mismatch; $1 suggested',
		anchor = 'archive_date_url_ts_mismatch',
		category = 'CS1 errors: archive-url',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_archive_missing_date = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;archive-url=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;archive-date=&lt;/code&gt;',
		anchor = 'archive_missing_date',
		category = 'CS1 errors: archive-url',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_archive_missing_url = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;archive-url=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;url=&lt;/code&gt;',
		anchor = 'archive_missing_url',
		category = 'CS1 errors: archive-url',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_archive_url = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;archive-url=&lt;/code&gt; is malformed: $1',	-- $1 is error message detail
		anchor = 'archive_url',
		category = 'CS1 errors: archive-url',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_arxiv_missing = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;arxiv=&lt;/code&gt; required',
		anchor = 'arxiv_missing',
		category = 'CS1 errors: arXiv',											-- same as bad arxiv
		hidden = false
		},
	err_asintld_missing_asin = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;asin=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'asintld_missing_asin',
		category = 'CS1 errors: ASIN TLD',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_arxiv = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;arxiv=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_arxiv',
		category = 'CS1 errors: arXiv',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_asin = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;asin=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_asin',
		category ='CS1 errors: ASIN',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_asin_tld = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;asin-tld=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_asin_tld',
		category ='CS1 errors: ASIN TLD',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_bibcode = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;bibcode=&lt;/code&gt; $1',		-- $1 is error message detail
		anchor = 'bad_bibcode',
		category = 'CS1 errors: bibcode',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_biorxiv = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;biorxiv=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_biorxiv',
		category = 'CS1 errors: bioRxiv',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_citeseerx = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;citeseerx=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_citeseerx',
		category = 'CS1 errors: citeseerx',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_date = {
		message = 'Check date values in: $1',									-- $1 is a parameter name list
		anchor = 'bad_date',
		category = 'CS1 errors: dates',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_doi = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;doi=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_doi',
		category = 'CS1 errors: DOI',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_hdl = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;hdl=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_hdl',
		category = 'CS1 errors: HDL',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_isbn = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;isbn=&lt;/code&gt; value: $1',	-- $1 is error message detail
		anchor = 'bad_isbn',
		category = 'CS1 errors: ISBN',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_ismn = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;ismn=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_ismn',
		category = 'CS1 errors: ISMN',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_issn = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1issn=&lt;/code&gt; value',	-- $1 is 'e' or '' for eissn or issn
		anchor = 'bad_issn',
		category = 'CS1 errors: ISSN',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_jfm = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;jfm=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_jfm',
		category = 'CS1 errors: JFM',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_jstor = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;jstor=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_jstor',
		category = 'CS1 errors: JSTOR',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_lccn = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;lccn=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_lccn',
		category = 'CS1 errors: LCCN',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_medrxiv = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;medrxiv=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_medrxiv',
		category = 'CS1 errors: medRxiv',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_mr = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;mr=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_mr',
		category = 'CS1 errors: MR',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_oclc = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;oclc=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_oclc',
		category = 'CS1 errors: OCLC',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_ol = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;ol=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_ol',
		category = 'CS1 errors: OL',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_osti = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;osti=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_osti',
		category = 'CS1 errors: OSTI',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_paramlink = {														-- for |title-link=, |author/editor/translator-link=, |series-link=, |episode-link=
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; value',		-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'bad_paramlink',
		category = 'CS1 errors: parameter link',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_pmc = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;pmc=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_pmc',
		category = 'CS1 errors: PMC',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_pmid = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;pmid=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_pmid',
		category = 'CS1 errors: PMID',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_rfc = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;rfc=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_rfc',
		category = 'CS1 errors: RFC',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_s2cid = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;s2cid=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_s2cid',
		category = 'CS1 errors: S2CID',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_sbn = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;sbn=&lt;/code&gt; value: $1',	-- $1 is error message detail
		anchor = 'bad_sbn',
		category = 'CS1 errors: SBN',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_ssrn = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;ssrn=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_ssrn',
		category = 'CS1 errors: SSRN',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_url = {
		message = 'Check $1 value',												-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'bad_url',
		category = 'CS1 errors: URL',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_usenet_id = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;message-id=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_message_id',
		category = 'CS1 errors: message-id',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bad_zbl = {
		message = 'Check &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;zbl=&lt;/code&gt; value',
		anchor = 'bad_zbl',
		category = 'CS1 errors: Zbl',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_bare_url_missing_title = {
		message = '$1 missing title',											-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'bare_url_missing_title',
		category = 'CS1 errors: bare URL',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_biorxiv_missing = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;biorxiv=&lt;/code&gt; required',
		anchor = 'biorxiv_missing',
		category = 'CS1 errors: bioRxiv',										-- same as bad bioRxiv
		hidden = false
		},
	err_chapter_ignored = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; ignored',			-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'chapter_ignored',
		category = 'CS1 errors: chapter ignored',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_citation_missing_title = {
		message = 'Missing or empty &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'citation_missing_title',
		category = 'CS1 errors: missing title',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_citeseerx_missing = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;citeseerx=&lt;/code&gt; required',
		anchor = 'citeseerx_missing',
		category = 'CS1 errors: citeseerx',										-- same as bad citeseerx
		hidden = false
		},
	err_cite_web_url = {														-- this error applies to cite web and to cite podcast
		message = 'Missing or empty &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;url=&lt;/code&gt;',
		anchor = 'cite_web_url',
		category = 'CS1 errors: requires URL',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_class_ignored = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;class=&lt;/code&gt; ignored',
		anchor = 'class_ignored',
		category = 'CS1 errors: class',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_contributor_ignored = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;contributor=&lt;/code&gt; ignored',
		anchor = 'contributor_ignored',
		category = 'CS1 errors: contributor',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_contributor_missing_required_param = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;contributor=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'contributor_missing_required_param',
		category = 'CS1 errors: contributor',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_deprecated_params = {
		message = 'Cite uses deprecated parameter &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'deprecated_params',
		category = 'CS1 errors: deprecated parameters',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_disp_name = {
		message = 'Invalid &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=$2&lt;/code&gt;',			-- $1 is parameter name; $2 is the assigned value
		anchor = 'disp_name',
		category = 'CS1 errors: display-names',
		hidden = false,
		},
	err_doibroken_missing_doi = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;doi=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'doibroken_missing_doi',
		category = 'CS1 errors: DOI',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_embargo_missing_pmc = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;pmc=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'embargo_missing_pmc',
		category = 'CS1 errors: PMC embargo',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_empty_citation = {
		message = 'Empty citation',
		anchor = 'empty_citation',
		category = 'CS1 errors: empty citation',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_etal = {
		message = 'Explicit use of et al. in: &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'explicit_et_al',
		category = 'CS1 errors: explicit use of et al.',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_extra_text_edition = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;edition=&lt;/code&gt; has extra text',
		anchor = 'extra_text_edition',
		category = 'CS1 errors: extra text: edition',
		hidden = false,
		},
	err_extra_text_issue = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; has extra text',		-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'extra_text_issue',
		category = 'CS1 errors: extra text: issue',
		hidden = false,
		},
	err_extra_text_pages = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; has extra text',		-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'extra_text_pages',
		category = 'CS1 errors: extra text: pages',
		hidden = false,
		},
	err_extra_text_volume = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; has extra text',		-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'extra_text_volume',
		category = 'CS1 errors: extra text: volume',
		hidden = false,
		},
	err_first_missing_last = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; missing &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$2=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is first alias, $2 is matching last alias
		anchor = 'first_missing_last',
		category = 'CS1 errors: missing name',									-- author, contributor, editor, interviewer, translator
		hidden = false
		},
	err_format_missing_url = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$2=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is format parameter $2 is url parameter
		anchor = 'format_missing_url',
		category = 'CS1 errors: format without URL',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_generic_name = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; has generic name',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'generic_name',
		category = 'CS1 errors: generic name',
		hidden = false,
		},
	err_generic_title = {
		message = 'Cite uses generic title',
		anchor = 'generic_title',
		category = 'CS1 errors: generic title',
		hidden = false,
		},
	err_invalid_param_val = {
		message = 'Invalid &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=$2&lt;/code&gt;',			-- $1 is parameter name $2 is parameter value
		anchor = 'invalid_param_val',
		category = 'CS1 errors: invalid parameter value',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_invisible_char = {
		message = '$1 in $2 at position $3',									-- $1 is invisible char $2 is parameter name $3 is position number
		anchor = 'invisible_char',
		category = 'CS1 errors: invisible characters',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_medrxiv_missing = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;medrxiv=&lt;/code&gt; required',
		anchor = 'medrxiv_missing',
		category = 'CS1 errors: medRxiv',										-- same as bad medRxiv
		hidden = false
		},
	err_missing_name = {
		message = 'Missing &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1$2=&lt;/code&gt;',			-- $1 is modified NameList; $2 is enumerator
		anchor = 'missing_name',
		category = 'CS1 errors: missing name',									-- author, contributor, editor, interviewer, translator
		hidden = false
		},
	err_missing_periodical = {
		message = 'Cite $1 requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$2=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is cs1 template name; $2 is canonical periodical parameter name for cite $1
		anchor = 'missing_periodical',
		category = 'CS1 errors: missing periodical',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_missing_pipe = {
		message = 'Missing pipe in: &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'missing_pipe',
		category = 'CS1 errors: missing pipe',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_missing_publisher = {
		message = 'Cite $1 requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$2=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is cs1 template name; $2 is canonical publisher parameter name for cite $1
		anchor = 'missing_publisher',
		category = 'CS1 errors: missing publisher',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_numeric_names = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; has numeric name',	-- $1 is parameter name',
		anchor = 'numeric_names',
		category = 'CS1 errors: numeric name',
		hidden = false,
		},
	err_param_access_requires_param = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1-access=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'param_access_requires_param',
		category = 'CS1 errors: param-access',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_param_has_ext_link = {
		message = 'External link in &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;$1&lt;/code&gt;',			-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'param_has_ext_link',
		category = 'CS1 errors: external links',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_parameter_ignored = {
		message = 'Unknown parameter &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; ignored',	-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'parameter_ignored',
		category = 'CS1 errors: unsupported parameter',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_parameter_ignored_suggest = {
		message = 'Unknown parameter &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; ignored (&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$2=&lt;/code&gt; suggested)',	-- $1 is unknown parameter $2 is suggested parameter name
		anchor = 'parameter_ignored_suggest',
		category = 'CS1 errors: unsupported parameter',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_periodical_ignored = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; ignored',			-- $1 is parameter name
		anchor = 'periodical_ignored',
		category = 'CS1 errors: periodical ignored',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_redundant_parameters = {
		message = 'More than one of $1 specified',								-- $1 is error message detail
		anchor = 'redundant_parameters',
		category = 'CS1 errors: redundant parameter',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_script_parameter = {
		message = 'Invalid &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt;: $2',		-- $1 is parameter name $2 is script language code or error detail
		anchor = 'script_parameter',
		category = 'CS1 errors: script parameters',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_ssrn_missing = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;ssrn=&lt;/code&gt; required',
		anchor = 'ssrn_missing',
		category = 'CS1 errors: SSRN',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_text_ignored = {
		message = 'Text &quot;$1&quot; ignored',											-- $1 is ignored text
		anchor = 'text_ignored',
		category = 'CS1 errors: unrecognized parameter',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_trans_missing_title = {
		message = '&lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;trans-$1=&lt;/code&gt; requires &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;$1=&lt;/code&gt; or &lt;code class=&quot;cs1-code&quot;&gt;&amp;#124;script-$1=&lt;/code&gt;',	-- $1 is base parameter name
		anchor = 'trans_missing_title',
		category = 'CS1 errors: translated title',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_param_unknown_empty = {
		message = 'Cite has empty unknown parameter$1: $2',						-- $1 is 's' or empty space; $2 is emty unknown param list
		anchor = 'param_unknown_empty',
		category = 'CS1 errors: empty unknown parameters',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_vancouver = {
		message = 'Vancouver style error: $1 in name $2',						-- $1 is error detail, $2 is the nth name
		anchor = 'vancouver',
		category = 'CS1 errors: Vancouver style',
		hidden = false
		},
	err_wikilink_in_url = {
		message = 'URL–wikilink conflict',										-- uses ndash
		anchor = 'wikilink_in_url',
		category = 'CS1 errors: URL–wikilink conflict',							-- uses ndash
		hidden = false
		},


--[[--------------------------&lt; M A I N T &gt;-------------------------------------

maint messages do not have a message (message = nil); otherwise the structure
is the same as error messages

]]

	maint_archived_copy = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'archived_copy',
		category = 'CS1 maint: archived copy as title',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_bibcode = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'bibcode',
		category = 'CS1 maint: bibcode',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_location_no_publisher = {												-- cite book, conference, encyclopedia; citation as book cite or encyclopedia cite
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'location_no_publisher',
		category = 'CS1 maint: location missing publisher',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_bot_unknown = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'bot:_unknown',
		category = 'CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_date_auto_xlated = {													-- date auto-translation not supported by en.wiki
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'date_auto_xlated',
		category = 'CS1 maint: date auto-translated',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_date_format = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'date_format',
		category = 'CS1 maint: date format',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_date_year = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'date_year',
		category = 'CS1 maint: date and year',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_doi_ignore = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'doi_ignore',
		category = 'CS1 maint: ignored DOI errors',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_doi_inactive = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'doi_inactive',
		category = 'CS1 maint: DOI inactive',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_doi_inactive_dated = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'doi_inactive_dated',
		category = 'CS1 maint: DOI inactive as of $2$3$1',						-- $1 is year, $2 is month-name or empty string, $3 is space or empty string
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_doi_unflagged_free = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'doi_unflagged_free',
		category = 'CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_extra_punct = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'extra_punct',
		category = 'CS1 maint: extra punctuation',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_isbn_ignore = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'ignore_isbn_err',
		category = 'CS1 maint: ignored ISBN errors',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_issn_ignore = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'ignore_issn',
		category = 'CS1 maint: ignored ISSN errors',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_jfm_format = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'jfm_format',
		category = 'CS1 maint: JFM format',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_location = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'location',
		category = 'CS1 maint: location',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_mr_format = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'mr_format',
		category = 'CS1 maint: MR format',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_mult_names = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'mult_names',
		category = 'CS1 maint: multiple names: $1',								-- $1 is '&lt;name&gt;s list'; gets value from special_case_translation table
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_numeric_names = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'numeric_names',
		category = 'CS1 maint: numeric names: $1',								-- $1 is '&lt;name&gt;s list'; gets value from special_case_translation table
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_others = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'others',
		category = 'CS1 maint: others',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_others_avm = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'others_avm',
		category = 'CS1 maint: others in cite AV media (notes)',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_overridden_setting = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'overridden',
		category = 'CS1 maint: overridden setting',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_pmc_embargo = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'embargo',
		category = 'CS1 maint: PMC embargo expired',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_pmc_format = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'pmc_format',
		category = 'CS1 maint: PMC format',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_postscript = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'postscript',
		category = 'CS1 maint: postscript',
		hidden = true,
	},
	maint_ref_duplicates_default = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'ref_default',
		category = 'CS1 maint: ref duplicates default',
		hidden = true,
	},
	maint_unfit = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'unfit',
		category = 'CS1 maint: unfit URL',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_unknown_lang = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'unknown_lang',
		category = 'CS1 maint: unrecognized language',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_untitled = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'untitled',
		category = 'CS1 maint: untitled periodical',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_url_status = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'url_status',
		category = 'CS1 maint: url-status',
		hidden = true,
		},
	maint_zbl = {
		message = nil,
		anchor = 'zbl',
		category = 'CS1 maint: Zbl',
		hidden = true,
		},
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; I D _ L I M I T S _ D A T A _ T &gt;----------------------------------------------

fetch id limits for certain identifiers from c:Data:CS1/Identifier limits.tab.  This source is a json tabular 
data file maintained at wikipedia commons.  Convert the json format to a table of k/v pairs.

The values from &lt;id_limits_data_t&gt; are used to set handle.id_limit.

]]

local id_limits_data_t = {};
for _, limit_t in ipairs (mw.ext.data.get (&quot;CS1/Identifier limits.tab&quot;).data) do
	id_limits_data_t[limit_t[1]] = limit_t[2];									-- &lt;limit[1]&gt; is identifier; &lt;limit[2]&gt; is upper limit for that identifier
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I D _ H A N D L E R S &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

The following contains a list of values for various defined identifiers.  For each
identifier we specify a variety of information necessary to properly render the
identifier in the citation.

	parameters: a list of parameter aliases for this identifier; first in the list is the canonical form
	link: Wikipedia article name
	redirect: a local redirect to a local Wikipedia article name;  at en.wiki, 'ISBN (identifier)' is a redirect to 'International Standard Book Number'
	q: Wikidata q number for the identifier
	label: the label preceding the identifier; label is linked to a Wikipedia article (in this order):
		redirect from id_handlers['&lt;id&gt;'].redirect when use_identifier_redirects is true
		Wikidata-supplied article name for the local wiki from id_handlers['&lt;id&gt;'].q
		local article name from id_handlers['&lt;id&gt;'].link
	prefix: the first part of a URL that will be concatenated with a second part which usually contains the identifier
	suffix: optional third part to be added after the identifier
	encode: true if URI should be percent-encoded; otherwise false
	COinS: identifier link or keyword for use in COinS:
		for identifiers registered at info-uri.info use: info:.... where '...' is the appropriate identifier label 
		for identifiers that have COinS keywords, use the keyword: rft.isbn, rft.issn, rft.eissn
		for |asin= and |ol=, which require assembly, use the keyword: url
		for others make a URL using the value in prefix/suffix and #label, use the keyword: pre (not checked; any text other than 'info', 'rft', or 'url' works here)
		set to nil to leave the identifier out of the COinS
	separator: character or text between label and the identifier in the rendered citation
	id_limit: for those identifiers with established limits, this property holds the upper limit
	access: use this parameter to set the access level for all instances of this identifier.
		the value must be a valid access level for an identifier (see ['id-access'] in this file).
	custom_access: to enable custom access level for an identifier, set this parameter
		to the parameter that should control it (normally 'id-access')
		
]]

local id_handlers = {
	['ARXIV'] = {
		parameters = {'arxiv', 'eprint'},
		link = 'arXiv',
		redirect = 'arXiv (identifier)',
		q = 'Q118398',
		label = 'arXiv',
		prefix = 'https://arxiv.org/abs/',
		encode = false,
		COinS = 'info:arxiv',
		separator = ':',
		access = 'free',														-- free to read
		},
	['ASIN'] = {
		parameters = { 'asin', 'ASIN' },
		link = 'Amazon Standard Identification Number',
		redirect = 'ASIN (identifier)',
		q = 'Q1753278',
		label = 'ASIN',
		prefix = 'https://www.amazon.',
		COinS = 'url',
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		encode = false;
		},
	['BIBCODE'] = {
		parameters = {'bibcode'},
		link = 'Bibcode',
		redirect = 'Bibcode (identifier)',
		q = 'Q25754',
		label = 'Bibcode',
		prefix = 'https://ui.adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/',
		encode = false,
		COinS = 'info:bibcode',
		separator = ':',
		custom_access = 'bibcode-access',
		},
	['BIORXIV'] = {
		parameters = {'biorxiv'},
		link = 'bioRxiv',
		redirect = 'bioRxiv (identifier)',
		q = 'Q19835482',
		label = 'bioRxiv',
		prefix = 'https://doi.org/',
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		access = 'free',														-- free to read
		encode = true,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['CITESEERX'] = {
		parameters = {'citeseerx'},
		link = 'CiteSeerX',
		redirect = 'CiteSeerX (identifier)',
		q = 'Q2715061',
		label = 'CiteSeerX',
		prefix = 'https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/summary?doi=',
		COinS =  'pre',															-- use prefix value
		access = 'free',														-- free to read
		encode = true,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['DOI'] = {																	-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
		parameters = { 'doi', 'DOI'},
		link = 'Digital object identifier',
		redirect = 'doi (identifier)',
		q = 'Q25670',
		label = 'doi',
		prefix = 'https://doi.org/',
		COinS = 'info:doi',
		separator = ':',
		encode = true,
		custom_access = 'doi-access',
		},
	['EISSN'] = {
		parameters = {'eissn', 'EISSN'},
		link = 'International Standard Serial Number#Electronic ISSN',
		redirect = 'eISSN (identifier)',
		q = 'Q46339674',
		label = 'eISSN',
		prefix = 'https://www.worldcat.org/issn/',
		COinS = 'rft.eissn',
		encode = false,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['HDL'] = {
		parameters = { 'hdl', 'HDL' },
		link = 'Handle System',
		redirect = 'hdl (identifier)',
		q = 'Q3126718',
		label = 'hdl',
		prefix = 'https://hdl.handle.net/',
		COinS = 'info:hdl',
		separator = ':',
		encode = true,
		custom_access = 'hdl-access',
		},
	['ISBN'] = {																-- Used by InternetArchiveBot
		parameters = {'isbn', 'ISBN'},
		link = 'International Standard Book Number',
		redirect = 'ISBN (identifier)',
		q = 'Q33057',
		label = 'ISBN',
		prefix = 'Special:BookSources/',
		COinS = 'rft.isbn',
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['ISMN'] = {
		parameters = {'ismn', 'ISMN'},
		link = 'International Standard Music Number',
		redirect = 'ISMN (identifier)',
		q = 'Q1666938',
		label = 'ISMN',
		prefix = '',															-- not currently used;
		COinS = nil,															-- nil because we can't use pre or rft or info:
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['ISSN'] = {
		parameters = {'issn', 'ISSN'},
		link = 'International Standard Serial Number',
		redirect = 'ISSN (identifier)',
		q = 'Q131276',
		label = 'ISSN',
		prefix = 'https://www.worldcat.org/issn/',
		COinS = 'rft.issn',
		encode = false,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['JFM'] = {
		parameters = {'jfm', 'JFM'},
		link = 'Jahrbuch über die Fortschritte der Mathematik',
		redirect = 'JFM (identifier)',
		q = '',
		label = 'JFM',
		prefix = 'https://zbmath.org/?format=complete&amp;q=an:',
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		encode = true,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['JSTOR'] = {
		parameters = {'jstor', 'JSTOR'},
		link = 'JSTOR',
		redirect = 'JSTOR (identifier)',
		q = 'Q1420342',
		label = 'JSTOR',
		prefix = 'https://www.jstor.org/stable/',
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		encode = false,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		custom_access = 'jstor-access',
		},
	['LCCN'] = {
		parameters = {'lccn', 'LCCN'},
		link = 'Library of Congress Control Number',
		redirect = 'LCCN (identifier)',
		q = 'Q620946',
		label = 'LCCN',
		prefix = 'https://lccn.loc.gov/',
		COinS = 'info:lccn',
		encode = false,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['MEDRXIV'] = {
		parameters = {'medrxiv'},
		link = 'medRxiv',
		redirect = 'medRxiv (identifier)',
		q = 'Q58465838',
		label = 'medRxiv',
		prefix = 'https://www.medrxiv.org/content/',
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		access = 'free',														-- free to read
		encode = false,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['MR'] = {
		parameters = {'mr', 'MR'},
		link = 'Mathematical Reviews',
		redirect = 'MR (identifier)',
		q = 'Q211172',
		label = 'MR',
		prefix = 'https://mathscinet.ams.org/mathscinet-getitem?mr=',
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		encode = true,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['OCLC'] = {
		parameters = {'oclc', 'OCLC'},
		link = 'OCLC',
		redirect = 'OCLC (identifier)',
		q = 'Q190593',
		label = 'OCLC',
		prefix = 'https://www.worldcat.org/oclc/',
		COinS = 'info:oclcnum',
		encode = true,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		id_limit = id_limits_data_t.OCLC or 0,
		},
	['OL'] = {
		parameters = { 'ol', 'OL' },
		link = 'Open Library',
		redirect = 'OL (identifier)',
		q = 'Q1201876',
		label = 'OL',
		prefix = 'https://openlibrary.org/',
		COinS = 'url',
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		encode = true,
		custom_access = 'ol-access',
		},
	['OSTI'] = {
		parameters = {'osti', 'OSTI'},
		link = 'Office of Scientific and Technical Information',
		redirect = 'OSTI (identifier)',
		q = 'Q2015776',
		label = 'OSTI',
		prefix = 'https://www.osti.gov/biblio/',
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		encode = true,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		id_limit = id_limits_data_t.OSTI or 0,
		custom_access = 'osti-access',
		},
	['PMC'] = {
		parameters = {'pmc', 'PMC'},
		link = 'PubMed Central',
		redirect = 'PMC (identifier)',
		q = 'Q229883',
		label = 'PMC',
		prefix = 'https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC',
		suffix = '',
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		encode = true,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		id_limit = id_limits_data_t.PMC or 0,
		access = 'free',														-- free to read
		},
	['PMID'] = {
		parameters = {'pmid', 'PMID'},
		link = 'PubMed Identifier',
		redirect = 'PMID (identifier)',
		q = 'Q2082879',
		label = 'PMID',
		prefix = 'https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/',
		COinS = 'info:pmid',
		encode = false,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		id_limit = id_limits_data_t.PMID or 0,
		},
	['RFC'] = {
		parameters = {'rfc', 'RFC'},
		link = 'Request for Comments',
		redirect = 'RFC (identifier)',
		q = 'Q212971',
		label = 'RFC',
		prefix = 'https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc',
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		encode = false,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		id_limit = id_limits_data_t.RFC or 0,
		access = 'free',														-- free to read
		},
	['SBN'] = {
		parameters = {'sbn', 'SBN'},
		link = 'Standard Book Number',											-- redirect to International_Standard_Book_Number#History
		redirect = 'SBN (identifier)',
		label = 'SBN',
		prefix = 'Special:BookSources/0-',										-- prefix has leading zero necessary to make 9-digit sbn a 10-digit isbn
		COinS = nil,															-- nil because we can't use pre or rft or info:
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['SSRN'] = {
		parameters = {'ssrn', 'SSRN'},
		link = 'Social Science Research Network',
		redirect = 'SSRN (identifier)',
		q = 'Q7550801',
		label = 'SSRN',
		prefix = 'https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=',
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		encode = true,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		id_limit = id_limits_data_t.SSRN or 0,
		custom_access = 'ssrn-access',
		},
	['S2CID'] = {
		parameters = {'s2cid', 'S2CID'},
		link = 'Semantic Scholar',
		redirect = 'S2CID (identifier)',
		q = 'Q22908627',
		label = 'S2CID',
		prefix = 'https://api.semanticscholar.org/CorpusID:',
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		encode = false,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		id_limit = id_limits_data_t.S2CID or 0,
		custom_access = 's2cid-access',
		},
	['USENETID'] = {
		parameters = {'message-id'},
		link = 'Usenet',
		redirect = 'Usenet (identifier)',
		q = 'Q193162',
		label = 'Usenet:',
		prefix = 'news:',
		encode = false,
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	['ZBL'] = {
		parameters = {'zbl', 'ZBL' },
		link = 'Zentralblatt MATH',
		redirect = 'Zbl (identifier)',
		q = 'Q190269',
		label = 'Zbl',
		prefix = 'https://zbmath.org/?format=complete&amp;q=an:',
		COinS = 'pre',															-- use prefix value
		encode = true,
		separator = '&amp;nbsp;',
		},
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T S &gt;---------------------------------
]]

return 	{
	use_identifier_redirects = use_identifier_redirects,						-- booleans defined in the settings at the top of this module
	local_lang_cat_enable = local_lang_cat_enable,
	date_name_auto_xlate_enable = date_name_auto_xlate_enable,
	date_digit_auto_xlate_enable = date_digit_auto_xlate_enable,
	enable_sort_keys = enable_sort_keys,
	
																				-- tables and variables created when this module is loaded
	global_df = get_date_format (),												-- this line can be replaced with &quot;global_df = 'dmy-all',&quot; to have all dates auto translated to dmy format.
	global_cs1_config_t = global_cs1_config_t,									-- global settings from {{cs1 config}}
	punct_skip = build_skip_table (punct_skip, punct_meta_params),
	url_skip = build_skip_table (url_skip, url_meta_params),
	known_free_doi_registrants_t = build_free_doi_registrants_table(),

	name_space_sort_keys = name_space_sort_keys,
	aliases = aliases,
	special_case_translation = special_case_translation,
	date_names = date_names,
	err_msg_supl = err_msg_supl,
	error_conditions = error_conditions,
	editor_markup_patterns = editor_markup_patterns,
	et_al_patterns = et_al_patterns,
	id_handlers = id_handlers,
	keywords_lists = keywords_lists,
	keywords_xlate = keywords_xlate,
	stripmarkers = stripmarkers,
	invisible_chars = invisible_chars,
	invisible_defs = invisible_defs,
	indic_script = indic_script,
	emoji_t = emoji_t,
	maint_cats = maint_cats,
	messages = messages,
	presentation = presentation,
	prop_cats = prop_cats,
	script_lang_codes = script_lang_codes,
	lang_tag_remap = lang_tag_remap,
	lang_name_remap = lang_name_remap,
	this_wiki_code = this_wiki_code,
	title_types = title_types,
	uncategorized_namespaces = uncategorized_namespaces_t,
	uncategorized_subpages = uncategorized_subpages,
	templates_using_volume = templates_using_volume,
	templates_using_issue = templates_using_issue,
	templates_not_using_page = templates_not_using_page,
	vol_iss_pg_patterns = vol_iss_pg_patterns,
	single_letter_2nd_lvl_domains_t = single_letter_2nd_lvl_domains_t,
	
	inter_wiki_map = inter_wiki_map,
	mw_languages_by_tag_t = mw_languages_by_tag_t,
	mw_languages_by_name_t = mw_languages_by_name_t,
	citation_class_map_t = citation_class_map_t,

	citation_issue_t = citation_issue_t,
	citation_no_volume_t = citation_no_volume_t,
	}</text>
      <sha1>tv7z805z1dd8uf6dr9d216rtxx7edd2</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>模組:Citation/CS1/Whitelist</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>823</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12518</id>
      <timestamp>2024-07-15T08:29:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>42.119.242.132</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「--[[--------------------------&lt; S U P P O R T E D   P A R A M E T E R S &gt;--------------------------------------  Because a steady-state signal conveys no useful information, whitelist.basic_arguments[] list items can have three values: 	true - these parameters are valid and supported parameters 	false - these parameters are deprecated but still supported 	tracked - these parameters are valid and supported parameters tracked in an eponymous properties categor…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12518</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="17976" sha1="1njb5pq14tolfly2zaulxza5sa6eawl" xml:space="preserve">--[[--------------------------&lt; S U P P O R T E D   P A R A M E T E R S &gt;--------------------------------------

Because a steady-state signal conveys no useful information, whitelist.basic_arguments[] list items can have three values:
	true - these parameters are valid and supported parameters
	false - these parameters are deprecated but still supported
	tracked - these parameters are valid and supported parameters tracked in an eponymous properties category
	nil - these parameters are no longer supported. remove entirely
	
]]

local basic_arguments_t = {
	['accessdate'] = true,
	['access-date'] = true,
	['agency'] = true,
	['archivedate'] = true,
	['archive-date'] = true,
	['archive-format'] = true,
	['archiveurl'] = true,
	['archive-url'] = true,
	['article'] = true,
	['article-format'] = true,
	['article-number'] = true,													-- {{cite journal}}, {{cite conference}}; {{citation}} when |journal= has a value
	['article-url'] = true,
	['article-url-access'] = true,
	['arxiv'] = true,															-- cite arxiv; here because allowed in cite ... as identifier
	['asin'] = true,
	['ASIN'] = true,
	['asin-tld'] = true,
	['at'] = true,
	['author'] = true,
	['author-first'] = true,
	['author-given'] = true,
	['author-last'] = true,
	['author-surname'] = true,
	['authorlink'] = true,
	['author-link'] = true,
	['author-mask'] = true,
	['authors'] = false,
	['bibcode'] = true,
	['bibcode-access'] = true,
	['biorxiv'] = true,															-- cite biorxiv; here because allowed in cite ... as identifier
	['chapter'] = true,
	['chapter-format'] = true,
	['chapter-url'] = true,
	['chapter-url-access'] = true,
	['citeseerx'] = true,														-- cite citeseerx; here because allowed in cite ... as identifier
	['collaboration'] = true,
	['contribution'] = true,
	['contribution-format'] = true,
	['contribution-url'] = true,
	['contribution-url-access'] = true,
	['contributor'] = true,
	['contributor-first'] = true,
	['contributor-given'] = true,
	['contributor-last'] = true,
	['contributor-surname'] = true,
	['contributor-link'] = true,
	['contributor-mask'] = true,
	['date'] = true,
	['department'] = true,
	['df'] = true,
	['dictionary'] = true,
	['display-authors'] = true,
	['display-contributors'] = true,
	['display-editors'] = true,
	['display-interviewers'] = true,
	['display-subjects'] = true,
	['display-translators'] = true,
	['doi'] = true,
	['DOI'] = true,
	['doi-access'] = true,
	['doi-broken-date'] = true,
	['edition'] = true,
	['editor'] = true,
	['editor-first'] = true,
	['editor-given'] = true,
	['editor-last'] = true,
	['editor-surname'] = true,
	['editor-link'] = true,
	['editor-mask'] = true,
	['eissn'] = true,
	['EISSN'] = true,
	['encyclopaedia'] = true,
	['encyclopedia'] = true,
	['entry'] = true,
	['entry-format'] = true,
	['entry-url'] = true,
	['entry-url-access'] = true,
	['eprint'] = true,															-- cite arxiv; here because allowed in cite ... as identifier
	['first'] = true,
	['format'] = true,
	['given'] = true,
	['hdl'] = true,
	['HDL'] = true,
	['hdl-access'] = true,
	['host'] = true,															-- unique to certain templates?
	['id'] = true,
	['ID'] = true,
	['institution'] = true,														-- constrain to cite thesis?
	['interviewer'] = true,
	['interviewer-first'] = true,
	['interviewer-given'] = true,
	['interviewer-last'] = true,
	['interviewer-surname'] = true,
	['interviewer-link'] = true,
	['interviewer-mask'] = true,
	['isbn'] = true,
	['ISBN'] = true,
	['ismn'] = true,
	['ISMN'] = true,
	['issn'] = true,
	['ISSN'] = true,
	['issue'] = true,
	['jfm'] = true,
	['JFM'] = true,
	['journal'] = true,
	['jstor'] = true,
	['JSTOR'] = true,
	['jstor-access'] = true,
	['lang'] = true,
	['language'] = true,
	['last'] = true,
	['lccn'] = true,
	['LCCN'] = true,
	['location'] = true,
	['magazine'] = true,
	['medium'] = true,
	['medrxiv'] = true,															-- cite medrxiv; here because allowed in cite ... as identifier
	['minutes'] = true,															-- constrain to cite AV media and podcast?
	['mode'] = true,
	['mr'] = true,
	['MR'] = true,
	['name-list-style'] = true,
	['newspaper'] = true,
	['no-pp'] = true,
	['no-tracking'] = true,
	['number'] = true,
	['oclc'] = true,
	['OCLC'] = true,
	['ol'] = true,
	['OL'] = true,
	['ol-access'] = true,
	['orig-date'] = true,
	['origyear'] = true,
	['orig-year'] = true,
	['osti'] = true,
	['OSTI'] = true,
	['osti-access'] = true,
	['others'] = true,
	['p'] = true,
	['page'] = true,
	['pages'] = true,
	['people'] = true,
	['periodical'] = true,
	['place'] = true,
	['pmc'] = true,
	['PMC'] = true,
	['pmc-embargo-date'] = true,
	['pmid'] = true,
	['PMID'] = true,
	['postscript'] = true,
	['pp'] = true,
	['publication-date'] = true,
	['publication-place'] = true,
	['publisher'] = true,
	['quotation'] = true,
	['quote'] = true,
	['quote-page'] = true,
	['quote-pages'] = true,
	['ref'] = true,
	['rfc'] = true,
	['RFC'] = true,
	['sbn'] = true,
	['SBN'] = true,
	['scale'] = true,
	['script-article'] = true,
	['script-chapter'] = true,
	['script-contribution'] = true,
	['script-encyclopaedia'] = true,
	['script-encyclopedia'] = true,
	['script-entry'] = true,
	['script-journal'] = true,
	['script-magazine'] = true,
	['script-newspaper'] = true,
	['script-periodical'] = true,
	['script-quote'] = true,
	['script-section'] = true,
	['script-title'] = true,
	['script-website'] = true,
	['script-work'] = true,
	['section'] = true,
	['section-format'] = true,
	['section-url'] = true,
	['section-url-access'] = true,
	['series'] = true,
	['ssrn'] = true,															-- cite ssrn; these three here because allowed in cite ... as identifier
	['SSRN'] = true,
	['ssrn-access'] = true,
	['subject'] = true,
	['subject-first'] = true,
	['subject-given'] = true,
	['subject-last'] = true,
	['subject-link'] = true,
	['subject-mask'] = true,
	['subject-surname'] = true,
	['surname'] = true,
	['s2cid'] = true,
	['S2CID'] = true,
	['s2cid-access'] = true,
	['template-doc-demo'] = true,
	['time'] = true,															-- constrain to cite av media and podcast?
	['time-caption'] = true,													-- constrain to cite av media and podcast?
	['title'] = true,
	['title-link'] = true,
	['title-note'] = true,
	['translator'] = true,
	['translator-first'] = true,
	['translator-given'] = true,
	['translator-last'] = true,	
	['translator-surname'] = true,
	['translator-link'] = true,
	['translator-mask'] = true,
	['trans-article'] = true,
	['trans-chapter'] = true,
	['trans-contribution'] = true,
	['trans-encyclopaedia'] = true,
	['trans-encyclopedia'] = true,
	['trans-entry'] = true,
	['trans-journal'] = true,
	['trans-magazine'] = true,
	['trans-newspaper'] = true,
	['trans-periodical'] = true,
	['trans-quote'] = true,
	['trans-section'] = true,
	['trans-title'] = true,
	['trans-website'] = true,
	['trans-work'] = true,
	['type'] = true,
	['url'] = true,
	['URL'] = true,
	['url-access'] = true,
	['url-status'] = true,
	['vauthors'] = true,
	['veditors'] = true,
	['version'] = true,
	['via'] = true,
	['volume'] = true,
	['website'] = true,
	['work'] = true,
	['year'] = true,
	['zbl'] = true,
	['ZBL'] = true,
	}

local numbered_arguments_t = {
	['author#'] = true,
	['author-first#'] = true,
	['author#-first'] = true,
	['author-given#'] = true,
	['author#-given'] = true,
	['author-last#'] = true,
	['author#-last'] = true,
	['author-surname#'] = true,
	['author#-surname'] = true,
	['author-link#'] = true,
	['author#-link'] = true,
	['authorlink#'] = true,
	['author#link'] = true,
	['author-mask#'] = true,
	['author#-mask'] = true,
	['contributor#'] = true,
	['contributor-first#'] = true,
	['contributor#-first'] = true,
	['contributor-given#'] = true,
	['contributor#-given'] = true,
	['contributor-last#'] = true,
	['contributor#-last'] = true,
	['contributor-surname#'] = true,
	['contributor#-surname'] = true,
	['contributor-link#'] = true,
	['contributor#-link'] = true,
	['contributor-mask#'] = true,
	['contributor#-mask'] = true,
	['editor#'] = true,
	['editor-first#'] = true,
	['editor#-first'] = true,
	['editor-given#'] = true,
	['editor#-given'] = true,
	['editor-last#'] = true,
	['editor#-last'] = true,
	['editor-surname#'] = true,
	['editor#-surname'] = true,
	['editor-link#'] = true,
	['editor#-link'] = true,
	['editor-mask#'] = true,
	['editor#-mask'] = true,
	['first#'] = true,
	['given#'] = true,
	['host#'] = true,
	['interviewer#'] = true,
	['interviewer-first#'] = true,
	['interviewer#-first'] = true,
	['interviewer-given#'] = true,
	['interviewer#-given'] = true,
	['interviewer-last#'] = true,
	['interviewer#-last'] = true,
	['interviewer-surname#'] = true,
	['interviewer#-surname'] = true,
	['interviewer-link#'] = true,
	['interviewer#-link'] = true,
	['interviewer-mask#'] = true,
	['interviewer#-mask'] = true,
	['last#'] = true,
	['subject#'] = true,
	['subject-first#'] = true,
	['subject#-first'] = true,
	['subject-given#'] = true,
	['subject#-given'] = true,
	['subject-last#'] = true,
	['subject#-last'] = true,
	['subject-link#'] = true,
	['subject#-link'] = true,
	['subject-mask#'] = true,
	['subject#-mask'] = true,
	['subject-surname#'] = true,
	['subject#-surname'] = true,
	['surname#'] = true,
	['translator#'] = true,
	['translator-first#'] = true,
	['translator#-first'] = true,
	['translator-given#'] = true,
	['translator#-given'] = true,
	['translator-last#'] = true,
	['translator#-last'] = true,
	['translator-surname#'] = true,
	['translator#-surname'] = true,
	['translator-link#'] = true,
	['translator#-link'] = true,
	['translator-mask#'] = true,
	['translator#-mask'] = true,
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; P R E P R I N T   S U P P O R T E D   P A R A M E T E R S &gt;--------------------

Cite arXiv, cite biorxiv, cite citeseerx, cite medrxiv, and cite ssrn are preprint templates that use the limited
set of parameters defined in the limited_basic_arguments and limited_numbered_arguments tables.  Those lists are
supplemented with a template-specific list of parameters that are required by the particular template and may be
exclusive to one of the preprint templates.  Some of these parameters may also be available to the general cs1|2
templates.

Same conventions for true/false/tracked/nil as above.

]]

local preprint_arguments_t = {
	arxiv = {
		['arxiv'] = true,														-- cite arxiv and arxiv identifiers
		['class'] = true,
		['eprint'] = true,														-- cite arxiv and arxiv identifiers
		},
	biorxiv = {
		['biorxiv'] = true,
		},
	citeseerx = {
		['citeseerx'] = true,
		},
	medrxiv = {
		['medrxiv'] = true,
		},
	ssrn = {
		['ssrn'] = true,
		['SSRN'] = true,
		['ssrn-access'] = true,
		},
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; L I M I T E D   S U P P O R T E D   P A R A M E T E R S &gt;----------------------

cite arxiv, cite biorxiv, cite citeseerx, cite medrxiv, and cite ssrn templates are preprint templates so are
allowed only a limited subset of parameters allowed to all other cs1|2 templates.  The limited subset is defined
here.

This list of parameters also used by {{cite document}}

Same conventions for true/false/tracked/nil as above.
	
]]

local limited_basic_arguments_t = {
	['at'] = true,
	['author'] = true,
	['author-first'] = true,
	['author-given'] = true,
	['author-last'] = true,
	['author-surname'] = true,
	['author-link'] = true,
	['authorlink'] = true,
	['author-mask'] = true,
	['authors'] = false,
	['collaboration'] = true,
	['date'] = true,
	['df'] = true,
	['display-authors'] = true,
	['first'] = true,
	['given'] = true,
	['language'] = true,
	['last'] = true,
	['mode'] = true,
	['name-list-style'] = true,
	['no-tracking'] = true,
	['p'] = true,
	['page'] = true,
	['pages'] = true,
	['postscript'] = true,
	['pp'] = true,
	['quotation'] = true,
	['quote'] = true,
	['ref'] = true,
	['surname'] = true,
	['template-doc-demo'] = true,
	['title'] = true,
	['trans-title'] = true,
	['vauthors'] = true,
	['year'] = true,
	}

local limited_numbered_arguments_t = {
	['author#'] = true,
	['author-first#'] = true,
	['author#-first'] = true,
	['author-given#'] = true,
	['author#-given'] = true,
	['author-last#'] = true,
	['author#-last'] = true,
	['author-surname#'] = true,
	['author#-surname'] = true,
	['author-link#'] = true,
	['author#-link'] = true,
	['authorlink#'] = true,
	['author#link'] = true,
	['author-mask#'] = true,
	['author#-mask'] = true,
	['first#'] = true,
	['given#'] = true,
	['last#'] = true,
	['surname#'] = true,
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; U N I Q U E _ A R G U M E N T S &gt;----------------------------------------------

Some templates have unique parameters.  Those templates and their unique parameters are listed here. Keys in this
table are the template's CitationClass parameter value

Same conventions for true/false/tracked/nil as above.

]]

local unique_arguments_t = {
	['audio-visual'] = {
		['transcript'] = true,
		['transcript-format'] = true,
		['transcript-url'] = true,
		},
	conference = {
		['book-title'] = true,
		['conference'] = true,
		['conference-format'] = true,
		['conference-url'] = true,
		['event'] = true,
		},
	episode = {
		['airdate'] = true,
		['air-date'] = true,
		['credits'] = true,
		['episode-link'] = true,												-- alias of |title-link=
		['network'] = true,
		['season'] = true,
		['series-link'] = true,
		['series-no'] = true,
		['series-number'] = true,
		['station'] = true,
		['transcript'] = true,
		['transcript-format'] = true,
		['transcript-url'] = true,
		},
	mailinglist = {
		['mailing-list'] = true,
		},
	map = {
		['cartography'] = true,
		['inset'] = true,
		['map'] = true,
		['map-format'] = true,
		['map-url'] = true,
		['map-url-access'] = true,
		['script-map'] = true,
		['sections'] = true,
		['sheet'] = true,
		['sheets'] = true,
		['trans-map'] = true,
		},
	newsgroup = {
		['message-id'] = true,
		['newsgroup'] = true,
		},
	report = {
		['docket'] = true,
		},
	serial = {
		['airdate'] = true,
		['air-date'] = true,
		['credits'] = true,
		['episode'] = true,														-- cite serial only TODO: make available to cite episode?
		['episode-link'] = true,												-- alias of |title-link=
		['network'] = true,
		['series-link'] = true,
		['station'] = true,
		},
	speech = {
		['conference'] = true,
		['conference-format'] = true,
		['conference-url'] = true,
		['event'] = true,
		},
	thesis = {
		['degree'] = true,
		['docket'] = true,
		},
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; C I T E _ D O C U M E N T &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Special case for cite document.  This template takes the limited basic and limited enumerated parameters plus
others that are apply only to standalone published sources that cannot be cited any other way; no url, book,
periodical, etc parameters; limited support for name lists and named identifiers.

when validating parameters in {{cite document}} templates, the basic and 

]]

local document_arguments_t = {
	['bibcode'] = true,
	['bibcode-access'] = true,
	['doi'] = true,
	['DOI'] = true,
	['doi-access'] = true,
	['doi-broken-date'] = true,
	['hdl'] = true,
	['HDL'] = true,
	['hdl-access'] = true,
	['id'] = true,
	['ID'] = true,
	['jfm'] = true,
	['JFM'] = true,
	['lang'] = true,
	['location'] = true,
	['mr'] = true,
	['MR'] = true,
	['no-pp'] = true,
	['orig-date'] = true,
	['origyear'] = true,
	['orig-year'] = true,
	['osti'] = true,
	['OSTI'] = true,
	['osti-access'] = true,
	['place'] = true,
	['publisher'] = true,
	['quote-page'] = true,
	['quote-pages'] = true,
	['script-quote'] = true,
	['script-title'] = true,
	['title-link'] = true,
	['translator'] = true,
	['translator-first'] = true,
	['translator-given'] = true,
	['translator-last'] = true,
	['translator-surname'] = true,
	['translator-link'] = true,
	['translator-mask'] = true,
	['trans-quote'] = true,
	['type'] = true,
	['zbl'] = true,
	['ZBL'] = true,
	}

local document_numbered_arguments_t = {
	['translator#'] = true,
	['translator-first#'] = true,
	['translator#-first'] = true,
	['translator-given#'] = true,
	['translator#-given'] = true,
	['translator-last#'] = true,
	['translator#-last'] = true,
	['translator-surname#'] = true,
	['translator#-surname'] = true,
	['translator-link#'] = true,
	['translator#-link'] = true,
	['translator-mask#'] = true,
	['translator#-mask'] = true,
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; L I S T _ C O M B I N E &gt;------------------------------------------------------

makes one table from a list of tables.  &lt;lists_t&gt; is a sequence of tables to be combined

]]

local function list_combine (lists_t)
	local out_t = {};

	for _, list_t in ipairs (lists_t) do										-- for each list in &lt;lists_t&gt;
		for k, v in pairs (list_t) do											-- extract each k/v pair
			out_t[k] = v;														-- add to &lt;out_t&gt;
		end
	end
	return out_t;																-- and done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; T E M P L A T E _ L I S T _ G E T &gt;--------------------------------------------

gets a list of the templates from table t

]]

local function template_list_get (t)
	local out_t = {};															-- a table for output
	for k, _ in pairs (t) do													-- spin through the table and collect the keys
		table.insert (out_t, k)													-- add each key to the output table
	end
	return out_t;																-- and done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T E D   T A B L E S &gt;------------------------------------------------
]]

return {
	preprint_arguments_t = preprint_arguments_t,
	preprint_template_list_t = template_list_get (preprint_arguments_t),		-- make a template list from preprint_arguments{} table
	unique_arguments_t = unique_arguments_t,
	unique_param_template_list_t = template_list_get (unique_arguments_t),		-- make a template list from unique_arguments{} table
	
	document_parameters_t = list_combine ({limited_basic_arguments_t, limited_numbered_arguments_t, document_arguments_t, document_numbered_arguments_t});
	common_parameters_t = list_combine ({basic_arguments_t, numbered_arguments_t});
	limited_parameters_t = list_combine ({limited_basic_arguments_t, limited_numbered_arguments_t});
	};</text>
      <sha1>1njb5pq14tolfly2zaulxza5sa6eawl</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>模組:Citation/CS1/Utilities</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>824</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12519</id>
      <timestamp>2024-07-15T08:29:48Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>42.119.242.132</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「local z = { 	error_cats_t = {};															-- for categorizing citations that contain errors 	error_ids_t = {};															-- list of error identifiers; used to prevent duplication of certain errors; local to this module 	error_msgs_t = {};															-- sequence table of error messages 	maint_cats_t = {};															-- for categorizing citations that aren't erroneous per se, but could use a little work 	prop_cats_t = {};															-- for cat…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12519</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="24564" sha1="kk801mqzkv4xrvmuck62gy23fyu6dl0" xml:space="preserve">local z = {
	error_cats_t = {};															-- for categorizing citations that contain errors
	error_ids_t = {};															-- list of error identifiers; used to prevent duplication of certain errors; local to this module
	error_msgs_t = {};															-- sequence table of error messages
	maint_cats_t = {};															-- for categorizing citations that aren't erroneous per se, but could use a little work
	prop_cats_t = {};															-- for categorizing citations based on certain properties, language of source for instance
	prop_keys_t = {};															-- for adding classes to the citation's &lt;cite&gt; tag
};


--[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;--------------------------------------
]]

local cfg;																		-- table of tables imported from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ S E T &gt;------------------------------------------------------------------

Returns true if argument is set; false otherwise. Argument is 'set' when it exists (not nil) or when it is not an empty string.

]]

local function is_set (var)
	return not (var == nil or var == '');
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I N _ A R R A Y &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

Whether needle is in haystack

]]

local function in_array (needle, haystack)
	if needle == nil then
		return false;
	end
	for n, v in ipairs (haystack) do
		if v == needle then
			return n;
		end
	end
	return false;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; H A S _ A C C E P T _ A S _ W R I T T E N &gt;------------------------------------

When &lt;str&gt; is wholly wrapped in accept-as-written markup, return &lt;str&gt; without markup and true; return &lt;str&gt; and false else

with allow_empty = false, &lt;str&gt; must have at least one character inside the markup
with allow_empty = true, &lt;str&gt; the markup frame can be empty like (()) to distinguish an empty template parameter from the specific condition &quot;has no applicable value&quot; in citation-context.

After further evaluation the two cases might be merged at a later stage, but should be kept separated for now.

]]

local function has_accept_as_written (str, allow_empty)
	if not is_set (str) then
		return str, false;
	end

	local count;

	if true == allow_empty then
		str, count = str:gsub ('^%(%((.*)%)%)$', '%1'); 						-- allows (()) to be an empty set
	else
		str, count = str:gsub ('^%(%((.+)%)%)$', '%1');
	end
	return str, 0 ~= count;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S U B S T I T U T E &gt;----------------------------------------------------------

Populates numbered arguments in a message string using an argument table. &lt;args&gt; may be a single string or a
sequence table of multiple strings.

]]

local function substitute (msg, args)
	return args and mw.message.newRawMessage (msg, args):plain() or msg;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E R R O R _ C O M M E N T &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Wraps error messages with CSS markup according to the state of hidden. &lt;content&gt; may be a single string or a
sequence table of multiple strings.

]]

local function error_comment (content, hidden)
	return substitute (hidden and cfg.presentation['hidden-error'] or cfg.presentation['visible-error'], content);
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; H Y P H E N _ T O _ D A S H &gt;--------------------------------------------------

Converts a hyphen to a dash under certain conditions.  The hyphen must separate
like items; unlike items are returned unmodified.  These forms are modified:
	letter - letter (A - B)
	digit - digit (4-5)
	digit separator digit - digit separator digit (4.1-4.5 or 4-1-4-5)
	letterdigit - letterdigit (A1-A5) (an optional separator between letter and
		digit is supported – a.1-a.5 or a-1-a-5)
	digitletter - digitletter (5a - 5d) (an optional separator between letter and
		digit is supported – 5.a-5.d or 5-a-5-d)

any other forms are returned unmodified.

str may be a comma- or semicolon-separated list

]]

local function hyphen_to_dash (str)
	if not is_set (str) then
		return str;
	end

	local accept;																-- boolean

	str = str:gsub (&quot;(%(%(.-%)%))&quot;, function(m) return m:gsub(&quot;,&quot;, &quot;，&quot;):gsub(&quot;;&quot;, &quot;；&quot;) end) -- replace commas and semicolons in accept-as-written markup with similar unicode characters so they'll be ignored during the split	
	str = str:gsub ('&amp;[nm]dash;', {['&amp;ndash;'] = '–', ['&amp;mdash;'] = '—'});		-- replace &amp;mdash; and &amp;ndash; entities with their characters; semicolon mucks up the text.split
	str = str:gsub ('&amp;#45;', '-'); -- replace HTML numeric entity with hyphen character
	str = str:gsub ('&amp;nbsp;', ' '); -- replace &amp;nbsp; entity with generic keyboard space character
	
	local out = {};
	local list = mw.text.split (str, '%s*[,;]%s*');								-- split str at comma or semicolon separators if there are any

	for _, item in ipairs (list) do												-- for each item in the list
		item, accept = has_accept_as_written (item);							-- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of item
		if not accept and mw.ustring.match (item, '^%w*[%.%-]?%w+%s*[%-–—]%s*%w*[%.%-]?%w+$') then	-- if a hyphenated range or has endash or emdash separators
			if item:match ('^%a+[%.%-]?%d+%s*%-%s*%a+[%.%-]?%d+$') or			-- letterdigit hyphen letterdigit (optional separator between letter and digit)
				item:match ('^%d+[%.%-]?%a+%s*%-%s*%d+[%.%-]?%a+$') or			-- digitletter hyphen digitletter (optional separator between digit and letter)
				item:match ('^%d+[%.%-]%d+%s*%-%s*%d+[%.%-]%d+$') or			-- digit separator digit hyphen digit separator digit
				item:match ('^%d+%s*%-%s*%d+$') or								-- digit hyphen digit
				item:match ('^%a+%s*%-%s*%a+$') then							-- letter hyphen letter
					item = item:gsub ('(%w*[%.%-]?%w+)%s*%-%s*(%w*[%.%-]?%w+)', '%1–%2');	-- replace hyphen, remove extraneous space characters
			else
				item = mw.ustring.gsub (item, '%s*[–—]%s*', '–');				-- for endash or emdash separated ranges, replace em with en, remove extraneous whitespace
			end
		end
		table.insert (out, item);												-- add the (possibly modified) item to the output table
	end

	local temp_str = '';														-- concatenate the output table into a comma separated string
	temp_str, accept = has_accept_as_written (table.concat (out, ', '));		-- remove accept-this-as-written markup when it wraps all of concatenated out
	if accept then
		temp_str = has_accept_as_written (str);									-- when global markup removed, return original str; do it this way to suppress boolean second return value
		return temp_str:gsub(&quot;，&quot;, &quot;,&quot;):gsub(&quot;；&quot;, &quot;;&quot;);
	else
		return temp_str:gsub(&quot;，&quot;, &quot;,&quot;):gsub(&quot;；&quot;, &quot;;&quot;);						-- else, return assembled temp_str
	end
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; M A K E _ W I K I L I N K &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Makes a wikilink; when both link and display text is provided, returns a wikilink in the form [[L|D]]; if only
link is provided (or link and display are the same), returns a wikilink in the form [[L]]; if neither are
provided or link is omitted, returns an empty string.

]=]

local function make_wikilink (link, display)
	if not is_set (link) then return '' end

	if is_set (display) and link ~= display then			
		return table.concat ({'[[', link, '|', display, ']]'});			
	else
		return table.concat ({'[[', link, ']]'});
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E T _ M E S S A G E &gt;----------------------------------------------------------

Sets an error message using the ~/Configuration error_conditions{} table along with arguments supplied in the function
call, inserts the resulting message in z.error_msgs_t{} sequence table, and returns the error message.

&lt;error_id&gt; – key value for appropriate error handler in ~/Configuration error_conditions{} table 
&lt;arguments&gt; – may be a single string or a sequence table of multiple strings to be subsititued into error_conditions[error_id].message
&lt;raw&gt; – boolean
	true –	causes this function to return the error message not wrapped in visible-error, hidden-error span tag;
			returns error_conditions[error_id].hidden as a second return value
			does not add message to z.error_msgs_t sequence table
	false, nil – adds message wrapped in visible-error, hidden-error span tag to z.error_msgs_t
			returns the error message wrapped in visible-error, hidden-error span tag; there is no second return value
&lt;prefix&gt; – string to be prepended to &lt;message&gt;									-- TODO: remove support for these unused(?) arguments?
&lt;suffix&gt; – string to be appended to &lt;message&gt;

TODO: change z.error_cats_t and z.maint_cats_t to have the form cat_name = true?  this to avoid dups without having to have an extra table

]]

local added_maint_cats = {}														-- list of maintenance categories that have been added to z.maint_cats_t; TODO: figure out how to delete this table

local function set_message (error_id, arguments, raw, prefix, suffix)
	local error_state = cfg.error_conditions[error_id];
	
	prefix = prefix or '';
	suffix = suffix or '';
	
	if error_state == nil then
		error (cfg.messages['undefined_error'] .. ': ' .. error_id);			-- because missing error handler in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration

	elseif is_set (error_state.category) then
		if error_state.message then												-- when error_state.message defined, this is an error message
			table.insert (z.error_cats_t, error_state.category);
		else
			if not added_maint_cats[error_id] then
				added_maint_cats[error_id] = true;								-- note that we've added this category
				table.insert (z.maint_cats_t, substitute (error_state.category, arguments));	-- make cat name then add to table
			end
			return;																-- because no message, nothing more to do
		end
	end

	local message = substitute (error_state.message, arguments);

	message = table.concat (
		{
		message,
		' (',
		make_wikilink (
			table.concat (
				{
				cfg.messages['help page link'],
				'#',
				error_state.anchor
				}),
			cfg.messages['help page label']),
		')'
		});

	z.error_ids_t[error_id] = true;
	if z.error_ids_t['err_citation_missing_title'] and							-- if missing-title error already noted
		in_array (error_id, {'err_bare_url_missing_title', 'err_trans_missing_title'}) then		-- and this error is one of these
			return '', false;													-- don't bother because one flavor of missing title is sufficient
	end
	
	message = table.concat ({prefix, message, suffix});

	if true == raw then
		return message, error_state.hidden;										-- return message not wrapped in visible-error, hidden-error span tag
	end		

	message = error_comment (message, error_state.hidden);						-- wrap message in visible-error, hidden-error span tag
	table.insert (z.error_msgs_t, message);										-- add it to the messages sequence table
	return message;																-- and done; return value generally not used but is used as a flag in various functions of ~/Identifiers
end


--[[-------------------------&lt; I S _ A L I A S _ U S E D &gt;-----------------------------------------------------

This function is used by select_one() to determine if one of a list of alias parameters is in the argument list
provided by the template.

Input:
	args – pointer to the arguments table from calling template
	alias – one of the list of possible aliases in the aliases lists from Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration
	index – for enumerated parameters, identifies which one
	enumerated – true/false flag used to choose how enumerated aliases are examined
	value – value associated with an alias that has previously been selected; nil if not yet selected
	selected – the alias that has previously been selected; nil if not yet selected
	error_list – list of aliases that are duplicates of the alias already selected

Returns:
	value – value associated with alias we selected or that was previously selected or nil if an alias not yet selected
	selected – the alias we selected or the alias that was previously selected or nil if an alias not yet selected

]]

local function is_alias_used (args, alias, index, enumerated, value, selected, error_list)
	if enumerated then															-- is this a test for an enumerated parameters?
		alias = alias:gsub ('#', index);										-- replace '#' with the value in index
	else
		alias = alias:gsub ('#', '');											-- remove '#' if it exists
	end

	if is_set (args[alias]) then												-- alias is in the template's argument list
		if value ~= nil and selected ~= alias then								-- if we have already selected one of the aliases
			local skip;
			for _, v in ipairs (error_list) do									-- spin through the error list to see if we've added this alias
				if v == alias then
					skip = true;
					break;														-- has been added so stop looking 
				end
			end
			if not skip then													-- has not been added so
				table.insert (error_list, alias);								-- add error alias to the error list
			end
		else
			value = args[alias];												-- not yet selected an alias, so select this one
			selected = alias;
		end
	end
	return value, selected;														-- return newly selected alias, or previously selected alias
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; A D D _ M A I N T _ C A T &gt;------------------------------------------------------

Adds a category to z.maint_cats_t using names from the configuration file with additional text if any.
To prevent duplication, the added_maint_cats table lists the categories by key that have been added to z.maint_cats_t.

]]

local function add_maint_cat (key, arguments)
	if not added_maint_cats [key] then
		added_maint_cats [key] = true;											-- note that we've added this category
		table.insert (z.maint_cats_t, substitute (cfg.maint_cats [key], arguments));	-- make name then add to table
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; A D D _ P R O P _ C A T &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

Adds a category to z.prop_cats_t using names from the configuration file with additional text if any.

foreign_lang_source and foreign_lang_source_2 keys have a language code appended to them so that multiple languages
may be categorized but multiples of the same language are not categorized.

added_prop_cats is a table declared in page scope variables above

]]

local added_prop_cats = {};														-- list of property categories that have been added to z.prop_cats_t

local function add_prop_cat (key, arguments, key_modifier)
	local key_modified = key .. ((key_modifier and key_modifier) or '');		-- modify &lt;key&gt; with &lt;key_modifier&gt; if present and not nil
	
	if not added_prop_cats [key_modified] then
		added_prop_cats [key_modified] = true;									-- note that we've added this category
		table.insert (z.prop_cats_t, substitute (cfg.prop_cats [key], arguments));	-- make name then add to table
		table.insert (z.prop_keys_t, 'cs1-prop-' .. key);						-- convert key to class for use in the citation's &lt;cite&gt; tag
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S A F E _ F O R _ I T A L I C S &gt;----------------------------------------------

Protects a string that will be wrapped in wiki italic markup '' ... ''

Note: We cannot use &lt;i&gt; for italics, as the expected behavior for italics specified by ''...'' in the title is that
they will be inverted (i.e. unitalicized) in the resulting references.  In addition, &lt;i&gt; and '' tend to interact
poorly under Mediawiki's HTML tidy.

]]

local function safe_for_italics (str)
	if not is_set (str) then return str end

	if str:sub (1, 1) == &quot;'&quot; then str = &quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot; .. str; end
	if str:sub (-1, -1) == &quot;'&quot; then str = str .. &quot;&lt;span&gt;&lt;/span&gt;&quot;; end
	
	return str:gsub ('\n', ' ');												-- Remove newlines as they break italics.
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; W R A P _ S T Y L E &gt;----------------------------------------------------------

Applies styling to various parameters.  Supplied string is wrapped using a message_list configuration taking one
argument; protects italic styled parameters.  Additional text taken from citation_config.presentation - the reason
this function is similar to but separate from wrap_msg().

]]

local function wrap_style (key, str)
	if not is_set (str) then
		return &quot;&quot;;
	elseif in_array (key, {'italic-title', 'trans-italic-title'}) then
		str = safe_for_italics (str);
	end

	return substitute (cfg.presentation[key], {str});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; M A K E _ S E P _ L I S T &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

make a separated list of items using provided separators.
	&lt;sep_list&gt; - typically '&lt;comma&gt;&lt;space&gt;'
	&lt;sep_list_pair&gt; - typically '&lt;space&gt;and&lt;space&gt;'
	&lt;sep_list_end&gt; - typically '&lt;comma&gt;&lt;space&gt;and&lt;space&gt;' or '&lt;comma&gt;&lt;space&gt;&amp;&lt;space&gt;'

defaults to cfg.presentation['sep_list'], cfg.presentation['sep_list_pair'], and cfg.presentation['sep_list_end']
if &lt;sep_list_end&gt; is specified, &lt;sep_list&gt; and &lt;sep_list_pair&gt; must also be supplied

]]

local function make_sep_list (count, list_seq, sep_list, sep_list_pair, sep_list_end)
	local list = '';

	if not sep_list then														-- set the defaults
		sep_list = cfg.presentation['sep_list'];
		sep_list_pair = cfg.presentation['sep_list_pair'];
		sep_list_end = cfg.presentation['sep_list_end'];
	end
	
	if 2 &gt;= count then
		list = table.concat (list_seq, sep_list_pair);							-- insert separator between two items; returns list_seq[1] then only one item
	elseif 2 &lt; count then
		list = table.concat (list_seq, sep_list, 1, count - 1);					-- concatenate all but last item with plain list separator
		list = table.concat ({list, list_seq[count]}, sep_list_end);			-- concatenate last item onto end of &lt;list&gt; with final separator
	end
	
	return list;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E L E C T _ O N E &gt;----------------------------------------------------------

Chooses one matching parameter from a list of parameters to consider.  The list of parameters to consider is just
names.  For parameters that may be enumerated, the position of the numerator in the parameter name is identified
by the '#' so |author-last1= and |author1-last= are represented as 'author-last#' and 'author#-last'.

Because enumerated parameter |&lt;param&gt;1= is an alias of |&lt;param&gt;= we must test for both possibilities.


Generates an error if more than one match is present.

]]

local function select_one (args, aliases_list, error_condition, index)
	local value = nil;															-- the value assigned to the selected parameter
	local selected = '';														-- the name of the parameter we have chosen
	local error_list = {};

	if index ~= nil then index = tostring(index); end

	for _, alias in ipairs (aliases_list) do									-- for each alias in the aliases list
		if alias:match ('#') then												-- if this alias can be enumerated
			if '1' == index then												-- when index is 1 test for enumerated and non-enumerated aliases
				value, selected = is_alias_used (args, alias, index, false, value, selected, error_list);	-- first test for non-enumerated alias
			end
			value, selected = is_alias_used (args, alias, index, true, value, selected, error_list);	-- test for enumerated alias
		else
			value, selected = is_alias_used (args, alias, index, false, value, selected, error_list);	-- test for non-enumerated alias
		end
	end

	if #error_list &gt; 0 and 'none' ~= error_condition then						-- for cases where this code is used outside of extract_names()
		for i, v in ipairs (error_list) do
			error_list[i] = wrap_style ('parameter', v);
		end
		table.insert (error_list, wrap_style ('parameter', selected));
		set_message (error_condition, {make_sep_list (#error_list, error_list)});
	end
	
	return value, selected;
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; R E M O V E _ W I K I _ L I N K &gt;----------------------------------------------

Gets the display text from a wikilink like [[A|B]] or [[B]] gives B

The str:gsub() returns either A|B froma [[A|B]] or B from [[B]] or B from B (no wikilink markup).

In l(), l:gsub() removes the link and pipe (if they exist); the second :gsub() trims whitespace from the label
if str was wrapped in wikilink markup.  Presumably, this is because without wikimarkup in str, there is no match
in the initial gsub, the replacement function l() doesn't get called.

]=]

local function remove_wiki_link (str)
	return (str:gsub (&quot;%[%[([^%[%]]*)%]%]&quot;, function(l)
		return l:gsub (&quot;^[^|]*|(.*)$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot; ):gsub (&quot;^%s*(.-)%s*$&quot;, &quot;%1&quot;);
	end));
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I S _ W I K I L I N K &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

Determines if str is a wikilink, extracts, and returns the wikilink type, link text, and display text parts.
If str is a complex wikilink ([[L|D]]):
	returns wl_type 2 and D and L from [[L|D]];
if str is a simple wikilink ([[D]])
	returns wl_type 1 and D from [[D]] and L as empty string;
if not a wikilink:
	returns wl_type 0, str as D, and L as empty string.

trims leading and trailing whitespace and pipes from L and D ([[L|]] and [[|D]] are accepted by MediaWiki and
treated like [[D]]; while [[|D|]] is not accepted by MediaWiki, here, we accept it and return D without the pipes).

]=]

local function is_wikilink (str)
	local D, L
	local wl_type = 2;															-- assume that str is a complex wikilink [[L|D]]

	if not str:match ('^%[%[[^%]]+%]%]$') then									-- is str some sort of a wikilink (must have some sort of content)
		return 0, str, '';														-- not a wikilink; return wl_type as 0, str as D, and empty string as L
	end
	
	L, D = str:match ('^%[%[([^|]+)|([^%]]+)%]%]$');							-- get L and D from [[L|D]] 

	if not is_set (D) then														-- if no separate display
		D = str:match ('^%[%[([^%]]*)|*%]%]$');									-- get D from [[D]] or [[D|]]
		wl_type = 1; 
	end
	
	D = mw.text.trim (D, '%s|');												-- trim white space and pipe characters 
	return wl_type, D, L or '';
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S T R I P _ A P O S T R O P H E _ M A R K U P &gt;--------------------------------

Strip wiki italic and bold markup from argument so that it doesn't contaminate COinS metadata.
This function strips common patterns of apostrophe markup.  We presume that editors who have taken the time to
markup a title have, as a result, provided valid markup. When they don't, some single apostrophes are left behind.

Returns the argument without wiki markup and a number; the number is more-or-less meaningless except as a flag
to indicate that markup was replaced; do not rely on it as an indicator of how many of any kind of markup was
removed; returns the argument and nil when no markup removed

]]

local function strip_apostrophe_markup (argument)
	if not is_set (argument) then
		return argument, nil;													-- no argument, nothing to do
	end

	if nil == argument:find ( &quot;''&quot;, 1, true ) then								-- Is there at least one double apostrophe?  If not, exit.
		return argument, nil;
	end

	local flag;
	while true do
		if argument:find (&quot;'''''&quot;, 1, true) then								-- bold italic (5)
			argument, flag = argument:gsub (&quot;%'%'%'%'%'&quot;, &quot;&quot;);					-- remove all instances of it
		elseif argument:find (&quot;''''&quot;, 1, true) then								-- italic start and end without content (4)
			argument, flag=argument:gsub (&quot;%'%'%'%'&quot;, &quot;&quot;);
		elseif argument:find (&quot;'''&quot;, 1, true) then								-- bold (3)
			argument, flag=argument:gsub (&quot;%'%'%'&quot;, &quot;&quot;);
		elseif argument:find (&quot;''&quot;, 1, true) then								-- italic (2)
			argument, flag = argument:gsub (&quot;%'%'&quot;, &quot;&quot;);
		else
			break;
		end
	end

	return argument, flag;														-- done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E T _ S E L E C T E D _ M O D U L E S &gt;--------------------------------------

Sets local cfg table to same (live or sandbox) as that used by the other modules.

]]

local function set_selected_modules (cfg_table_ptr)
	cfg = cfg_table_ptr;
	
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T S &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------
]]

return {
	add_maint_cat = add_maint_cat,												-- exported functions
	add_prop_cat = add_prop_cat,
	error_comment = error_comment,
	has_accept_as_written = has_accept_as_written,
	hyphen_to_dash = hyphen_to_dash,
	in_array = in_array,
	is_set = is_set,
	is_wikilink = is_wikilink,
	make_sep_list = make_sep_list,
	make_wikilink = make_wikilink,
	remove_wiki_link = remove_wiki_link,
	safe_for_italics = safe_for_italics,
	select_one = select_one,
	set_message = set_message,
	set_selected_modules = set_selected_modules,
	strip_apostrophe_markup = strip_apostrophe_markup,
	substitute = substitute,
	wrap_style = wrap_style,

	z = z,																		-- exported table
	}</text>
      <sha1>kk801mqzkv4xrvmuck62gy23fyu6dl0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>模組:Citation/CS1/Date validation</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>825</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12520</id>
      <timestamp>2024-07-15T08:30:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>42.119.242.132</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「--[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;-------------------------------------- ]]  local add_prop_cat, is_set, in_array, set_message, substitute, wrap_style;		-- imported functions from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities local cfg;																		-- table of tables imported from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration   --[[--------------------------&lt; F I L E - S C O P E   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;-------------------…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12520</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="66654" sha1="eihdxoivcfreufjkz8m1w9dwcssilup" xml:space="preserve">--[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;--------------------------------------
]]

local add_prop_cat, is_set, in_array, set_message, substitute, wrap_style;		-- imported functions from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities
local cfg;																		-- table of tables imported from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration


--[[--------------------------&lt; F I L E - S C O P E   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;--------------------------------

File-scope variables are declared here

]]

local lang_object = mw.getContentLanguage();									-- used by is_valid_accessdate(), is_valid_year(), date_name_xlate(); TODO: move to ~/Configuration?
local year_limit;																-- used by is_valid_year()


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I S _ V A L I D _ A C C E S S D A T E &gt;----------------------------------------

returns true if:
	Wikipedia start date &lt;= accessdate &lt; today + 2 days

Wikipedia start date is 2001-01-15T00:00:00 UTC which is 979516800 seconds after 1970-01-01T00:00:00 UTC (the start of Unix time)
accessdate is the date provided in |access-date= at time 00:00:00 UTC
today is the current date at time 00:00:00 UTC plus 48 hours
	if today is 2015-01-01T00:00:00 then
		adding 24 hours gives 2015-01-02T00:00:00 – one second more than today
		adding 24 hours gives 2015-01-03T00:00:00 – one second more than tomorrow

This function does not work if it is fed month names for languages other than English.  Wikimedia #time: parser
apparently doesn't understand non-English date month names. This function will always return false when the date
contains a non-English month name because good1 is false after the call to lang.formatDate().  To get around that
call this function with YYYY-MM-DD format dates.

]=]

local function is_valid_accessdate (accessdate)
	local good1, good2;
	local access_ts, tomorrow_ts;												-- to hold Unix time stamps representing the dates

	good1, access_ts = pcall (lang_object.formatDate, lang_object, 'U', accessdate );			-- convert accessdate value to Unix timestamp 
	good2, tomorrow_ts = pcall (lang_object.formatDate, lang_object, 'U', 'today + 2 days' );	-- today midnight + 2 days is one second more than all day tomorrow
	
	if good1 and good2 then														-- lang.formatDate() returns a timestamp in the local script which which tonumber() may not understand
		access_ts = tonumber (access_ts) or lang_object:parseFormattedNumber (access_ts);		-- convert to numbers for the comparison;
		tomorrow_ts = tonumber (tomorrow_ts) or lang_object:parseFormattedNumber (tomorrow_ts);
	else
		return false;															-- one or both failed to convert to Unix time stamp
	end

	if 979516800 &lt;= access_ts and access_ts &lt; tomorrow_ts then					-- Wikipedia start date &lt;= accessdate &lt; tomorrow's date
		return true;
	else
		return false;															-- accessdate out of range
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; G E T _ M O N T H _ N U M B E R &gt;----------------------------------------------

returns a number according to the month in a date: 1 for January, etc.  Capitalization and spelling must be correct.
If not a valid month, returns 0

]]

local function get_month_number (month)
	return cfg.date_names['local'].long[month] or cfg.date_names['local'].short[month] or	-- look for local names first
			cfg.date_names['en'].long[month] or	cfg.date_names['en'].short[month] or		-- failing that, look for English names
			0;																				-- not a recognized month name
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; G E T _ S E A S O N _ N U M B E R &gt;--------------------------------------------

returns a number according to the sequence of seasons in a year: 21 for Spring, etc.  Capitalization and spelling
must be correct. If not a valid season, returns 0.
	21-24 = Spring, Summer, Autumn, Winter, independent of “Hemisphere”

returns 0 when &lt;param&gt; is not |date=

Season numbering is defined by Extended Date/Time Format (EDTF) specification (https://www.loc.gov/standards/datetime/)
which became part of ISO 8601 in 2019.  See '§Sub-year groupings'.  The standard defines various divisions using
numbers 21-41.  cs1|2 only supports generic seasons.  EDTF does support the distinction between north and south
hemisphere seasons but cs1|2 has no way to make that distinction.

These additional divisions not currently supported:
	25-28 = Spring - Northern Hemisphere, Summer- Northern Hemisphere, Autumn - Northern Hemisphere, Winter - Northern Hemisphere
	29-32 = Spring – Southern Hemisphere, Summer– Southern Hemisphere, Autumn – Southern Hemisphere, Winter - Southern Hemisphere
	33-36 = Quarter 1, Quarter 2, Quarter 3, Quarter 4 (3 months each)
	37-39 = Quadrimester 1, Quadrimester 2, Quadrimester 3 (4 months each)
	40-41 = Semestral 1, Semestral-2 (6 months each)

]]

local function get_season_number (season, param)
	if 'date' ~= param then
		return 0;																-- season dates only supported by |date=
	end
	return cfg.date_names['local'].season[season] or							-- look for local names first
			cfg.date_names['en'].season[season] or								-- failing that, look for English names
			0;																	-- not a recognized season name
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; G E T _ Q U A R T E R _ N U M B E R &gt;------------------------------------------

returns a number according to the sequence of quarters in a year: 33 for first quarter, etc.  Capitalization and spelling
must be correct. If not a valid quarter, returns 0.
	33-36 = Quarter 1, Quarter 2, Quarter 3, Quarter 4 (3 months each)

returns 0 when &lt;param&gt; is not |date=

Quarter numbering is defined by Extended Date/Time Format (EDTF) specification (https://www.loc.gov/standards/datetime/)
which became part of ISO 8601 in 2019.  See '§Sub-year groupings'.  The standard defines various divisions using
numbers 21-41.  cs1|2 only supports generic seasons and quarters.

These additional divisions not currently supported:
	37-39 = Quadrimester 1, Quadrimester 2, Quadrimester 3 (4 months each)
	40-41 = Semestral 1, Semestral-2 (6 months each)

]]

local function get_quarter_number (quarter, param)
	if 'date' ~= param then
		return 0;																-- quarter dates only supported by |date=
	end
	quarter = mw.ustring.gsub (quarter, ' +', ' ');								-- special case replace multiple space chars with a single space char
	return cfg.date_names['local'].quarter[quarter] or							-- look for local names first
			cfg.date_names['en'].quarter[quarter] or							-- failing that, look for English names
			0;																	-- not a recognized quarter name
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; G E T _ P R O P E R _ N A M E _ N U M B E R &gt;----------------------------------

returns a non-zero number if date contains a recognized proper-name.  Capitalization and spelling must be correct.

returns 0 when &lt;param&gt; is not |date=

]]

local function get_proper_name_number (name, param)
	if 'date' ~= param then
		return 0;																-- proper-name dates only supported by |date=
	end
	return cfg.date_names['local'].named[name] or								-- look for local names dates first
			cfg.date_names['en'].named[name] or									-- failing that, look for English names
			0;																	-- not a recognized named date
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; G E T _ E L E M E N T _ N U M B E R &lt;------------------------------------------

returns true if month or season or quarter or proper name is valid (properly spelled, capitalized, abbreviated)

]]

local function get_element_number (element, param)
	local num;
	
	local funcs = {get_month_number, get_season_number, get_quarter_number, get_proper_name_number};	-- list of functions to execute in order
	
	for _, func in ipairs (funcs) do											-- spin through the function list
		num = func (element, param);											-- call the function and get the returned number
		if 0 ~= num then														-- non-zero when valid month season quarter 
			return num;															-- return that number
		end
	end
	return nil;																	-- not valid
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ V A L I D _ Y E A R &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Function gets current year from the server and compares it to year from a citation parameter.  Years more than one
year in the future are not acceptable.

Special case for |pmc-embargo-date=: years more than two years in the future are not acceptable

]]

local function is_valid_year (year, param)
	if not is_set (year_limit) then
		year_limit = tonumber(os.date(&quot;%Y&quot;))+1;									-- global variable so we only have to fetch it once
	end

	year = tonumber (year) or lang_object:parseFormattedNumber (year);			-- convert to number for the comparison
	if year and (100 &gt; year) then												-- years less than 100 not supported
		return false;
	end
	
	if 'pmc-embargo-date' == param then											-- special case for |pmc-embargo-date=
		return year and (year &lt;= tonumber(os.date(&quot;%Y&quot;))+2) or false;			-- years more than two years in the future are not accepted
	end	
	return year and (year &lt;= year_limit) or false;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ V A L I D _ D A T E &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Returns true if day is less than or equal to the number of days in month and year is no farther into the future
than next year; else returns false.

Assumes Julian calendar prior to year 1582 and Gregorian calendar thereafter. Accounts for Julian calendar leap
years before 1582 and Gregorian leap years after 1582. Where the two calendars overlap (1582 to approximately
1923) dates are assumed to be Gregorian.

]]

local function is_valid_date (year, month, day, param)
local days_in_month = {31, 28, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31, 31, 30, 31, 30, 31};
local month_length;
	if not is_valid_year (year, param) then										-- no farther into the future than next year except |pmc-embargo-date= no more than two years in the future
		return false;
	end
	
	month = tonumber (month);													-- required for YYYY-MM-DD dates
	
	if (2 == month) then														-- if February
		month_length = 28;														-- then 28 days unless
		if 1582 &gt; tonumber(year) then											-- Julian calendar
			if 0 == (year%4) then												-- is a leap year?
				month_length = 29;												-- if leap year then 29 days in February
			end
		else																	-- Gregorian calendar
			if (0 == (year%4) and (0 ~= (year%100) or 0 == (year%400))) then	-- is a leap year?
				month_length = 29;												-- if leap year then 29 days in February
			end
		end
	else
		month_length = days_in_month[month];
	end

	if tonumber (day) &gt; month_length then
		return false;
	end
	return true;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ V A L I D _ M O N T H _ R A N G E _ S T Y L E &gt;--------------------------

Months in a range are expected to have the same style: Jan–Mar or October–December but not February–Mar or Jul–August. 
This function looks in cfg.date_names{} to see if both month names are listed in the long subtable or both are
listed in the short subtable.  When both have the same style (both are listed in the same table), returns true; false else

]]

local function is_valid_month_range_style (month1, month2)
	if (cfg.date_names.en.long[month1] and cfg.date_names.en.long[month2]) or					-- are both English names listed in the long subtable?
		(cfg.date_names.en.short[month1] and cfg.date_names.en.short[month2]) or				-- are both English names listed in the short subtable?
		(cfg.date_names['local'].long[month1] and cfg.date_names['local'].long[month2]) or		-- are both local names listed in the long subtable?
		(cfg.date_names['local'].short[month1] and cfg.date_names['local'].short[month2]) then	-- are both local names listed in the short subtable?
			return true;
	end
	return false;																-- names are mixed
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ V A L I D _ M O N T H _ S E A S O N _ R A N G E &gt;------------------------

Check a pair of months or seasons to see if both are valid members of a month or season pair.

Month pairs are expected to be left to right, earliest to latest in time.

All season ranges are accepted as valid because there are publishers out there who have published a Summer–Spring YYYY issue, hence treat as ok

]]

local function is_valid_month_season_range(range_start, range_end, param)
	local range_start_number = get_month_number (range_start);
	local range_end_number;

	if 0 == range_start_number then												-- is this a month range?
		range_start_number = get_season_number (range_start, param);			-- not a month; is it a season? get start season number
		range_end_number = get_season_number (range_end, param);				-- get end season number

		if (0 ~= range_start_number) and (0 ~= range_end_number) and (range_start_number ~= range_end_number) then
			return true;														-- any season pairing is accepted except when both are the same
		end
		return false;															-- range_start and/or range_end is not a season
	end
																				-- here when range_start is a month
	range_end_number = get_month_number (range_end);							-- get end month number
	if range_start_number &lt; range_end_number and								-- range_start is a month; does range_start precede range_end?
		is_valid_month_range_style (range_start, range_end) then				-- do months have the same style?
			return true;														-- proper order and same style
	end
	return false;																-- range_start month number is greater than or equal to range end number; or range end isn't a month
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; M A K E _ C O I N S _ D A T E &gt;------------------------------------------------

This function receives a table of date parts for one or two dates and an empty table reference declared in
Module:Citation/CS1.  The function is called only for |date= parameters and only if the |date=&lt;value&gt; is 
determined to be a valid date format.  The question of what to do with invalid date formats is not answered here.

The date parts in the input table are converted to an ISO 8601 conforming date string:
	single whole dates:		yyyy-mm-dd
	month and year dates:	yyyy-mm
	year dates:				yyyy
	ranges:					yyyy-mm-dd/yyyy-mm-dd
							yyyy-mm/yyyy-mm
							yyyy/yyyy

Dates in the Julian calendar are reduced to year or year/year so that we don't have to do calendar conversion from
Julian to Proleptic Gregorian.

The input table has:
	year, year2 – always present; if before 1582, ignore months and days if present
	month, month2 – 0 if not provided, 1-12 for months, 21-24 for seasons; 99 Christmas
	day, day2 –  0 if not provided, 1-31 for days
	
the output table receives:
	rftdate:	an ISO 8601 formatted date
	rftchron:	a free-form version of the date, usually without year which is in rftdate (season ranges and proper-name dates)
	rftssn:		one of four season keywords: winter, spring, summer, fall (lowercase)
	rftquarter:	one of four values: 1, 2, 3, 4

]]

local function make_COinS_date (input, tCOinS_date)
	local date;																	-- one date or first date in a range
	local date2 = '';															-- end of range date
	input.year = tonumber (input.year) or lang_object:parseFormattedNumber (input.year);	-- language-aware tonumber()
	input.year2 = tonumber (input.year2) or lang_object:parseFormattedNumber (input.year2);	-- COinS dates are pseudo-ISO 8601 so convert to Arabic numerals

	if ((1582 == input.year) and (10 &gt; tonumber(input.month))) or (1582 &gt; input.year) then	-- if a Julian calendar date
		tCOinS_date.rftdate = tostring (input.year);							-- &amp;rft.date gets year only
		return;																	-- done
	end
																				-- here for all forms of Gregorian dates
	if 20 &lt; tonumber (input.month) then											-- if season, quarter, or proper-name date
		date = input.year;														-- &amp;rft.date gets year only
		if 0 ~= input.year2 and input.year ~= input.year2 then					-- if a range, only the second year portion when not the same as range start year
			date = string.format ('%.4d/%.4d', input.year, input.year2)			-- assemble the date range
		end

		local season = {[24] = 'winter', [21] = 'spring', [22] = 'summer', [23] = 'fall', [33] = '1', [34] = '2', [35] = '3', [36] = '4', [98] = 'Easter', [99] = 'Christmas'};	-- seasons lowercase, no autumn; proper-names use title case
		if 0 == input.month2 then												-- single season, quarter, or proper-name date
			if 40 &lt; tonumber(input.month) then
				tCOinS_date.rftchron = season[input.month];						-- proper-name date; used in journal metadata only
			elseif 30 &lt; tonumber(input.month) then
				tCOinS_date.rftquarter = season[input.month];					-- quarter date; used in journal metadata only
			else
				tCOinS_date.rftssn = season[input.month];						-- season date; used in journal metadata only
			end
		else																	-- season ranges are lumped into &amp;rft.chron; &amp;rft.ssn and &amp;rft.quarter are left blank
			if input.year ~= input.year2 then									-- season year – season year range or season year–year
				if 0 ~= input.month2 then
					tCOinS_date.rftchron = string.format ('%s %s – %s %s', season[input.month], input.year, season[input.month2], input.year2);	-- used in journal metadata only
				end
			else																-- season–season year range
				tCOinS_date.rftchron = season[input.month] .. '–' .. season[input.month2];	-- season–season year range; used in journal metadata only
			end
		end

		tCOinS_date.rftdate = tostring (date);
		return;																	-- done
	end
																				-- here for gregorian calendar dates
	if 0 ~= input.day then
		date = string.format ('%s-%.2d-%.2d', input.year, tonumber(input.month), tonumber(input.day));	-- whole date
	elseif 0 ~= input.month then
		date = string.format ('%s-%.2d', input.year, tonumber(input.month));	-- year and month
	else
		date = string.format ('%s', input.year);								-- just year
	end

	if 0 ~= input.year2 then
		if 0 ~= input.day2 then
			date2 = string.format ('/%s-%.2d-%.2d', input.year2, tonumber(input.month2), tonumber(input.day2));		-- whole date
		elseif 0 ~= input.month2 then
			date2 = string.format ('/%s-%.2d', input.year2, tonumber(input.month2));	-- year and month
		else
			date2 = string.format ('/%s', input.year2);							-- just year
		end
	end
	
	tCOinS_date.rftdate = date .. date2;										-- date2 has the '/' separator
	return;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; P A T T E R N S &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------

this is the list of patterns for date formats that this module recognizes.  Approximately the first half of these
patterns represent formats that might be reformatted into another format.  Those that might be reformatted have
'indicator' letters that identify the content of the matching capture: 'd' (day), 'm' (month), 'a' (anchor year),
'y' (year); second day, month, year have a '2' suffix.

These patterns are used for both date validation and for reformatting.  This table should not be moved to ~/Configuration
because changes to this table require changes to check_date() and to reformatter() and reformat_date()

]]

local patterns = {
	 																			-- year-initial numerical year-month-day
	['ymd'] = {'^(%d%d%d%d)%-(%d%d)%-(%d%d)$', 'y', 'm', 'd'},					
																				-- month-initial: month day, year
	['Mdy'] = {'^(%D-) +([1-9]%d?), +((%d%d%d%d?)%a?)$', 'm', 'd', 'a', 'y'},
																				-- month-initial day range: month day–day, year; days are separated by endash
	['Md-dy'] = {'^(%D-) +([1-9]%d?)[%-–]([1-9]%d?), +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$', 'm', 'd', 'd2', 'a', 'y'},
																				-- day-initial: day month year
	['dMy'] = {'^([1-9]%d?) +(%D-) +((%d%d%d%d?)%a?)$', 'd', 'm', 'a', 'y'},
																				-- year-initial: year month day; day: 1 or 2 two digits, leading zero allowed; not supported at en.wiki
	--	['yMd'] = {'^((%d%d%d%d?)%a?) +(%D-) +(%d%d?)$', 'a', 'y', 'm', 'd'},
																				-- day-range-initial: day–day month year; days are separated by endash
	['d-dMy'] = {'^([1-9]%d?)[%-–]([1-9]%d?) +(%D-) +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$', 'd', 'd2', 'm', 'a', 'y'},
																				-- day initial month-day-range: day month - day month year; uses spaced endash
	['dM-dMy'] = {'^([1-9]%d?) +(%D-) +[%-–] +([1-9]%d?) +(%D-) +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$', 'd', 'm', 'd2', 'm2', 'a', 'y'},
																				-- month initial month-day-range: month day – month day, year;  uses spaced endash
	['Md-Mdy'] = {'^(%D-) +([1-9]%d?) +[%-–] +(%D-) +([1-9]%d?), +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$','m', 'd', 'm2', 'd2', 'a', 'y'},
																				-- day initial month-day-year-range: day month year - day month year; uses spaced endash
	['dMy-dMy'] = {'^([1-9]%d?) +(%D-) +(%d%d%d%d) +[%-–] +([1-9]%d?) +(%D-) +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$', 'd', 'm', 'y', 'd2', 'm2', 'a', 'y2'},
																				-- month initial month-day-year-range: month day, year – month day, year;  uses spaced endash
	['Mdy-Mdy'] = {'^(%D-) +([1-9]%d?), +(%d%d%d%d) +[%-–] +(%D-) +([1-9]%d?), +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$', 'm', 'd', 'y', 'm2', 'd2', 'a', 'y2'},

																				-- these date formats cannot be converted, per se, but month name can be rendered short or long
																				-- month/season year - month/season year; separated by spaced endash
	['My-My'] = {'^(%D-) +(%d%d%d%d) +[%-–] +(%D-) +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$', 'm', 'y', 'm2', 'a', 'y2'},
																				-- month/season range year; months separated by endash
	['M-My'] = {'^(%D-)[%-–](%D-) +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$', 'm', 'm2', 'a', 'y'},
																				-- month/season year or proper-name year; quarter year when First Quarter YYYY etc.
	['My'] = {'^([^%d–]-) +((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$', 'm', 'a', 'y'},					-- this way because endash is a member of %D; %D- will match January–March 2019 when it shouldn't

																				-- these date formats cannot be converted
	['Sy4-y2'] = {'^(%D-) +((%d%d)%d%d)[%-–]((%d%d)%a?)$'},						-- special case Winter/Summer year-year (YYYY-YY); year separated with unspaced endash
	['Sy-y'] = {'^(%D-) +(%d%d%d%d)[%-–]((%d%d%d%d)%a?)$'},						-- special case Winter/Summer year-year; year separated with unspaced endash
	['y-y'] = {'^(%d%d%d%d?)[%-–]((%d%d%d%d?)%a?)$'},							-- year range: YYY-YYY or YYY-YYYY or YYYY–YYYY; separated by unspaced endash; 100-9999
	['y4-y2'] = {'^((%d%d)%d%d)[%-–]((%d%d)%a?)$'},								-- year range: YYYY–YY; separated by unspaced endash
	['y'] = {'^((%d%d%d%d?)%a?)$'},												-- year; here accept either YYY or YYYY
	}


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ V A L I D _ E M B A R G O _ D A T E &gt;------------------------------------

returns true and date value if that value has proper dmy, mdy, ymd format.

returns false and 9999 (embargoed forever) when date value is not proper format; assumes that when |pmc-embargo-date= is
set, the editor intended to embargo a PMC but |pmc-embargo-date= does not hold a single date.

]]

local function is_valid_embargo_date (v)
	if v:match (patterns['ymd'][1]) or											-- ymd
		v:match (patterns['Mdy'][1]) or											-- dmy
		v:match (patterns['dMy'][1]) then										-- mdy
			return true, v;
	end
	return false, '9999';														-- if here not good date so return false and set embargo date to long time in future
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C H E C K _ D A T E &gt;----------------------------------------------------------

Check date format to see that it is one of the formats approved by WP:DATESNO or WP:DATERANGE. Exception: only
allowed range separator is endash.  Additionally, check the date to see that it is a real date: no 31 in 30-day
months; no 29 February when not a leap year.  Months, both long-form and three character abbreviations, and seasons
must be spelled correctly.  Future years beyond next year are not allowed.

If the date fails the format tests, this function returns false and does not return values for anchor_year and
COinS_date.  When this happens, the date parameter is (DEBUG: not?) used in the COinS metadata and the CITEREF identifier gets
its year from the year parameter if present otherwise CITEREF does not get a date value.

Inputs:
	date_string - date string from date-holding parameters (date, year, publication-date, access-date, pmc-embargo-date, archive-date, lay-date)

Returns:
	false if date string is not a real date; else
	true, anchor_year, COinS_date
		anchor_year can be used in CITEREF anchors
		COinS_date is ISO 8601 format date; see make_COInS_date()

]]

local function check_date (date_string, param, tCOinS_date)
	local year;																	-- assume that year2, months, and days are not used;
	local year2 = 0;															-- second year in a year range
	local month = 0;
	local month2 = 0;															-- second month in a month range
	local day = 0;
	local day2 = 0;																-- second day in a day range
	local anchor_year;
	local coins_date;

	if date_string:match (patterns['ymd'][1]) then								-- year-initial numerical year month day format
		year, month, day = date_string:match (patterns['ymd'][1]);
		if 12 &lt; tonumber(month) or 1 &gt; tonumber(month) or 1582 &gt; tonumber(year) or 0 == tonumber(day) then return false; end	-- month or day number not valid or not Gregorian calendar
		anchor_year = year;
	
	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Mdy'][1]) then				-- month-initial: month day, year
		month, day, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Mdy'][1]);
		month = get_month_number (month);
		if 0 == month then return false; end									-- return false if month text isn't one of the twelve months
				
	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Md-dy'][1]) then				-- month-initial day range: month day–day, year; days are separated by endash
		month, day, day2, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Md-dy'][1]);
		if tonumber(day) &gt;= tonumber(day2) then return false; end				-- date range order is left to right: earlier to later; dates may not be the same;
		month = get_month_number (month);
		if 0 == month then return false; end									-- return false if month text isn't one of the twelve months
		month2=month;															-- for metadata
		year2 = year;

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['dMy'][1]) then				-- day-initial: day month year
		day, month, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['dMy'][1]);
		month = get_month_number (month);
		if 0 == month then return false; end									-- return false if month text isn't one of the twelve months

--[[ NOT supported at en.wiki
	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['yMd'][1]) then				-- year-initial: year month day; day: 1 or 2 two digits, leading zero allowed
		anchor_year, year, month, day = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['yMd'][1]);
		month = get_month_number (month);
		if 0 == month then return false; end									-- return false if month text isn't one of the twelve months
-- end NOT supported at en.wiki ]]

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['d-dMy'][1]) then				-- day-range-initial: day–day month year; days are separated by endash
		day, day2, month, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['d-dMy'][1]);
		if tonumber(day) &gt;= tonumber(day2) then return false; end				-- date range order is left to right: earlier to later; dates may not be the same;
		month = get_month_number (month);
		if 0 == month then return false; end									-- return false if month text isn't one of the twelve months
		month2 = month;															-- for metadata
		year2 = year;

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['dM-dMy'][1]) then			-- day initial month-day-range: day month - day month year; uses spaced endash
		day, month, day2, month2, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['dM-dMy'][1]);
		if (not is_valid_month_season_range(month, month2)) or not is_valid_year(year) then return false; end	-- date range order is left to right: earlier to later;
		month = get_month_number (month);										-- for metadata
		month2 = get_month_number (month2);
		year2 = year;

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Md-Mdy'][1]) then			-- month initial month-day-range: month day – month day, year; uses spaced endash
		month, day, month2, day2, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Md-Mdy'][1]);
		if (not is_valid_month_season_range(month, month2, param)) or not is_valid_year(year) then return false; end
		month = get_month_number (month);										-- for metadata
		month2 = get_month_number (month2);
		year2 = year;

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['dMy-dMy'][1]) then			-- day initial month-day-year-range: day month year - day month year; uses spaced endash
		day, month, year, day2, month2, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['dMy-dMy'][1]);
		if tonumber(year2) &lt;= tonumber(year) then return false; end				-- must be sequential years, left to right, earlier to later
		if not is_valid_year(year2) or not is_valid_month_range_style(month, month2) then return false; end		-- year2 no more than one year in the future; months same style
		month = get_month_number (month);										-- for metadata
		month2 = get_month_number (month2);
		if 0 == month or 0 == month2 then return false; end						-- both must be valid

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Mdy-Mdy'][1]) then			-- month initial month-day-year-range: month day, year – month day, year; uses spaced endash
		month, day, year, month2, day2, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Mdy-Mdy'][1]);
		if tonumber(year2) &lt;= tonumber(year) then return false; end				-- must be sequential years, left to right, earlier to later
		if not is_valid_year(year2) or not is_valid_month_range_style(month, month2) then return false; end		-- year2 no more than one year in the future; months same style
		month = get_month_number (month);										-- for metadata
		month2 = get_month_number(month2);
		if 0 == month or 0 == month2 then return false; end						-- both must be valid

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Sy4-y2'][1]) then			-- special case Winter/Summer year-year (YYYY-YY); year separated with unspaced endash
		local century;
		month, year, century, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Sy4-y2'][1]);
		if 'Winter' ~= month and 'Summer' ~= month then return false end;		-- 'month' can only be Winter or Summer
		anchor_year = year .. '–' .. anchor_year;								-- assemble anchor_year from both years
		year2 = century..year2;													-- add the century to year2 for comparisons
		if 1 ~= tonumber(year2) - tonumber(year) then return false; end			-- must be sequential years, left to right, earlier to later
		if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end						-- no year farther in the future than next year
		month = get_season_number(month, param);

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Sy-y'][1]) then				-- special case Winter/Summer year-year; year separated with unspaced endash
		month, year, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['Sy-y'][1]);
		month = get_season_number (month, param);								-- &lt;month&gt; can only be winter or summer; also for metadata
		if (month ~= cfg.date_names['en'].season['Winter']) and (month ~= cfg.date_names['en'].season['Summer']) then
			return false;														-- not Summer or Winter; abandon
		end
		anchor_year = year .. '–' .. anchor_year;								-- assemble anchor_year from both years
		if 1 ~= tonumber(year2) - tonumber(year) then return false; end			-- must be sequential years, left to right, earlier to later
		if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end						-- no year farther in the future than next year

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['My-My'][1]) then				-- month/season year - month/season year; separated by spaced endash
		month, year, month2, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['My-My'][1]);
		anchor_year = year .. '–' .. anchor_year;								-- assemble anchor_year from both years
		if tonumber(year) &gt;= tonumber(year2) then return false; end				-- left to right, earlier to later, not the same
		if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end						-- no year farther in the future than next year
		if 0 ~= get_month_number(month) and 0 ~= get_month_number(month2) and is_valid_month_range_style(month, month2) then 	-- both must be month year, same month style
			month = get_month_number(month);
			month2 = get_month_number(month2);
		elseif 0 ~= get_season_number(month, param) and 0 ~= get_season_number(month2, param) then	-- both must be season year, not mixed
			month = get_season_number(month, param);
			month2 = get_season_number(month2, param);
		else
			 return false;
		end

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['M-My'][1]) then				-- month/season range year; months separated by endash 
		month, month2, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['M-My'][1]);
		if (not is_valid_month_season_range(month, month2, param)) or (not is_valid_year(year)) then return false; end
		if 0 ~= get_month_number(month) then									-- determined to be a valid range so just check this one to know if month or season
			month = get_month_number(month);
			month2 = get_month_number(month2);
			if 0 == month or 0 == month2 then return false; end
		else
			month = get_season_number(month, param);
			month2 = get_season_number(month2, param);
		end
		year2 = year;
		
	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['My'][1]) then				-- month/season/quarter/proper-name year
		month, anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['My'][1]);
		if not is_valid_year(year) then return false; end
		month = get_element_number(month, param);								-- get month season quarter proper-name number or nil
		if not month then return false; end										-- not valid whatever it is

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['y-y'][1]) then				-- Year range: YYY-YYY or YYY-YYYY or YYYY–YYYY; separated by unspaced endash; 100-9999
		year, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['y-y'][1]);
		anchor_year = year .. '–' .. anchor_year;								-- assemble anchor year from both years
		if tonumber(year) &gt;= tonumber(year2) then return false; end				-- left to right, earlier to later, not the same
		if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end						-- no year farther in the future than next year

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['y4-y2'][1]) then				-- Year range: YYYY–YY; separated by unspaced endash
		local century;
		year, century, anchor_year, year2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['y4-y2'][1]);
		anchor_year = year .. '–' .. anchor_year;								-- assemble anchor year from both years

		if 13 &gt; tonumber(year2) then return false; end							-- don't allow 2003-05 which might be May 2003
		year2 = century .. year2;												-- add the century to year2 for comparisons
		if tonumber(year) &gt;= tonumber(year2) then return false; end				-- left to right, earlier to later, not the same
		if not is_valid_year(year2) then return false; end						-- no year farther in the future than next year

		if in_array (param, {'date', 'publication-date', 'year'}) then			-- here when 'valid' abbreviated year range; if one of these parameters
			add_prop_cat ('year-range-abbreviated');							-- add properties cat
		end

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['y'][1]) then					-- year; here accept either YYY or YYYY
		anchor_year, year = mw.ustring.match(date_string, patterns['y'][1]);
		if false == is_valid_year(year) then
			return false;
		end

	else
		return false;															-- date format not one of the MOS:DATE approved formats
	end

	if param ~= 'date' then														-- CITEREF disambiguation only allowed in |date=; |year= &amp; |publication-date= promote to date
		if anchor_year:match ('%l$') then
			return false;
		end
	end

	if 'access-date' == param then												-- test access-date here because we have numerical date parts
		if 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 							-- all parts of a single date required
			0 == year2 and 0 == month2 and 0 == day2 then						-- none of these; access-date must not be a range
				if not is_valid_accessdate(year .. '-' .. month .. '-' .. day) then	
					return false;												-- return false when access-date out of bounds
				end
		else
			return false;														-- return false when access-date is a range of two dates
		end
	end

	if 'archive-date' == param then												-- test archive-date here because we have numerical date parts
		if not (0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and						-- all parts of a single date required
			0 == year2 and 0 == month2 and 0 == day2) then						-- none of these; archive-date must not be a range
				return false;													-- return false when archive-date is a range of two dates
		end
	end

	local result=true;															-- check whole dates for validity; assume true because not all dates will go through this test
	if 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 0 == year2 and 0 == month2 and 0 == day2 then		-- YMD (simple whole date)
		result = is_valid_date (year, month, day, param);						-- &lt;param&gt; for |pmc-embargo-date=

	elseif 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 0 == year2 and 0 == month2 and 0 ~= day2 then	-- YMD-d (day range)
		result = is_valid_date (year, month, day);
		result = result and is_valid_date (year, month, day2);

	elseif 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 0 == year2 and 0 ~= month2 and 0 ~= day2 then	-- YMD-md (day month range)
		result = is_valid_date (year, month, day);
		result = result and is_valid_date (year, month2, day2);

	elseif 0 ~= year and 0 ~= month and 0 ~= day and 0 ~= year2 and 0 ~= month2 and 0 ~= day2 then	-- YMD-ymd (day month year range)
		result = is_valid_date(year, month, day);
		result = result and is_valid_date(year2, month2, day2);
	end
	
	if false == result then return false; end

	if nil ~= tCOinS_date then													-- this table only passed into this function when testing |date= parameter values
		make_COinS_date ({year = year, month = month, day = day, year2 = year2, month2 = month2, day2 = day2}, tCOinS_date);	-- make an ISO 8601 date string for COinS
	end
	
	return true, anchor_year;													-- format is good and date string represents a real date
end	


--[[--------------------------&lt; D A T E S &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------

Cycle the date-holding parameters in passed table date_parameters_list through check_date() to check compliance with MOS:DATE. For all valid dates, check_date() returns
true. The |date= parameter test is unique, it is the only date holding parameter from which values for anchor_year (used in CITEREF identifiers) and COinS_date (used in
the COinS metadata) are derived.  The |date= parameter is the only date-holding parameter that is allowed to contain the no-date keywords &quot;n.d.&quot; or &quot;nd&quot; (without quotes).

Unlike most error messages created in this module, only one error message is created by this function. Because all of the date holding parameters are processed serially,
parameters with errors are added to the &lt;error_list&gt; sequence table as the dates are tested.

]]

local function dates(date_parameters_list, tCOinS_date, error_list)
	local anchor_year;															-- will return as nil if the date being tested is not |date=
	local COinS_date;															-- will return as nil if the date being tested is not |date=
	local embargo_date;															-- if embargo date is a good dmy, mdy, ymd date then holds original value else reset to 9999
	local good_date = false;

	for k, v in pairs(date_parameters_list) do									-- for each date-holding parameter in the list
		if is_set(v.val) then													-- if the parameter has a value
			v.val = mw.ustring.gsub(v.val, '%d', cfg.date_names.local_digits);	-- translate 'local' digits to Western 0-9
			if v.val:match(&quot;^c%. [1-9]%d%d%d?%a?$&quot;) then						-- special case for c. year or with or without CITEREF disambiguator - only |date= and |year=
				local year = v.val:match(&quot;c%. ([1-9]%d%d%d?)%a?&quot;);				-- get the year portion so it can be tested
				if 'date' == k then
					anchor_year, COinS_date = v.val:match(&quot;((c%. [1-9]%d%d%d?)%a?)&quot;);	-- anchor year and COinS_date only from |date= parameter
					good_date = is_valid_year(year);
				elseif 'year' == k then
					good_date = is_valid_year(year);
				end
			elseif 'date' == k then												-- if the parameter is |date=
				if v.val:match(&quot;^n%.d%.%a?$&quot;) then -- ToDo: I18N								-- if |date=n.d. with or without a CITEREF disambiguator
					good_date, anchor_year, COinS_date = true, v.val:match(&quot;((n%.d%.)%a?)&quot;); -- ToDo: I18N	-- &quot;n.d.&quot;; no error when date parameter is set to no date
				elseif v.val:match(&quot;^nd%a?$&quot;) then -- ToDo: I18N								-- if |date=nd with or without a CITEREF disambiguator
					good_date, anchor_year, COinS_date = true, v.val:match(&quot;((nd)%a?)&quot;); -- ToDo: I18N	-- &quot;nd&quot;;	no error when date parameter is set to no date
				else
					good_date, anchor_year, COinS_date = check_date (v.val, k, tCOinS_date);	-- go test the date
				end
			elseif 'year' == k then												-- if the parameter is |year= it should hold only a year value
				if v.val:match(&quot;^[1-9]%d%d%d?%a?$&quot;) then						-- if |year = 3 or 4 digits only with or without a CITEREF disambiguator
					good_date, anchor_year, COinS_date = true, v.val:match(&quot;((%d+)%a?)&quot;);
				end
			elseif 'pmc-embargo-date' == k then									-- if the parameter is |pmc-embargo-date=
				good_date = check_date (v.val, k);								-- go test the date
				if true == good_date then										-- if the date is a valid date
					good_date, embargo_date = is_valid_embargo_date (v.val);	-- is |pmc-embargo-date= date a single dmy, mdy, or ymd formatted date? yes: returns embargo date; no: returns 9999
				end
			else																-- any other date-holding parameter
				good_date = check_date (v.val, k);								-- go test the date
			end
			if false == good_date then											-- assemble one error message so we don't add the tracking category multiple times
				table.insert (error_list, wrap_style ('parameter', v.name));	-- make parameter name suitable for error message list
			end
		end
	end
	return anchor_year, embargo_date;											-- and done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; Y E A R _ D A T E _ C H E C K &gt;------------------------------------------------

Compare the value provided in |year= with the year value(s) provided in |date=.  This function sets a local numeric value:
	0 - year value does not match the year value in date
	1 - (default) year value matches the year value in date or one of the year values when date contains two years
	2 - year value matches the year value in date when date is in the form YYYY-MM-DD and year is disambiguated (|year=YYYYx)

the numeric value in &lt;result&gt; determines the 'output' if any from this function:
	0 – adds error message to error_list sequence table
	1 – adds maint cat
	2 – does nothing

]]

local function year_date_check (year_string, year_origin, date_string, date_origin, error_list)
	local year;
	local date1;
	local date2;
	local result = 1;															-- result of the test; assume that the test passes

	year = year_string:match ('(%d%d%d%d?)');

	if date_string:match ('%d%d%d%d%-%d%d%-%d%d') and year_string:match ('%d%d%d%d%a') then	--special case where both date and year are required YYYY-MM-DD and YYYYx
		date1 = date_string:match ('(%d%d%d%d)');
		year = year_string:match ('(%d%d%d%d)');
		if year ~= date1 then
			result = 0;															-- years don't match
		else
			result = 2;															-- years match; but because disambiguated, don't add to maint cat
		end
		
	elseif date_string:match (&quot;%d%d%d%d?.-%d%d%d%d?&quot;) then						-- any of the standard range formats of date with two three- or four-digit years
		date1, date2 = date_string:match (&quot;(%d%d%d%d?).-(%d%d%d%d?)&quot;);
		if year ~= date1 and year ~= date2 then
			result = 0;
		end

	elseif mw.ustring.match(date_string, &quot;%d%d%d%d[%-–]%d%d&quot;) then				-- YYYY-YY date ranges
		local century;
		date1, century, date2 = mw.ustring.match(date_string, &quot;((%d%d)%d%d)[%-–]+(%d%d)&quot;);
		date2 = century..date2;													-- convert YY to YYYY
		if year ~= date1 and year ~= date2 then
			result = 0;
		end

	elseif date_string:match (&quot;%d%d%d%d?&quot;) then									-- any of the standard formats of date with one year
		date1 = date_string:match (&quot;(%d%d%d%d?)&quot;);
		if year ~= date1 then
			result = 0;
		end
	else																		-- should never get here; this function called only when no other date errors
		result = 0;																-- no recognizable year in date
	end

	if 0 == result then															-- year / date mismatch
		table.insert (error_list, substitute (cfg.messages['mismatch'], {year_origin, date_origin}));	-- add error message to error_list sequence table
	elseif 1 == result then														-- redundant year / date
		set_message ('maint_date_year');										-- add a maint cat
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; R E F O R M A T T E R &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

reformat 'date' into new format specified by format_param if pattern_idx (the current format of 'date') can be
reformatted.  Does the grunt work for reformat_dates().

The table re_formats maps pattern_idx (current format) and format_param (desired format) to a table that holds:
	format string used by string.format()
	identifier letters ('d', 'm', 'y', 'd2', 'm2', 'y2') that serve as indexes into a table t{} that holds captures
		from mw.ustring.match() for the various date parts specified by  patterns[pattern_idx][1]

Items in patterns{} have the general form:
	['ymd'] = {'^(%d%d%d%d)%-(%d%d)%-(%d%d)$', 'y', 'm', 'd'}, where:
		['ymd'] is pattern_idx
		patterns['ymd'][1] is the match pattern with captures for mw.ustring.match()
		patterns['ymd'][2] is an indicator letter identifying the content of the first capture
		patterns['ymd'][3] ... the second capture etc.

when a pattern matches a date, the captures are loaded into table t{} in capture order using the idemtifier
characters as indexes into t{}  For the above, a ymd date is in t{} as:
	t.y = first capture (year), t.m = second capture (month), t.d = third capture (day)

To reformat, this function is called with the pattern_idx that matches the current format of the date and with
format_param set to the desired format.  This function loads table t{} as described and then calls string.format()
with the format string specified by re_format[pattern_idx][format_param][1] using values taken from t{} according
to the capture identifier letters specified by patterns[pattern_idx][format_param][n] where n is 2..

]]

local re_formats = {
	['ymd'] = {																	-- date format is ymd; reformat to:
		['mdy'] = {'%s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'y'},									-- |df=mdy
		['dmy'] = {'%s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'y'},									-- |df=dmy
	--		['yMd'] = {'%s %s %s', 'y', 'm', 'd'},								-- |df=yMd; not supported at en.wiki
		},
	['Mdy'] = {																	-- date format is Mdy; reformat to:
		['mdy'] = {'%s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'y'},									-- for long/short reformatting
		['dmy'] = {'%s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'y'},									-- |df=dmy
		['ymd'] = {'%s-%s-%s', 'y', 'm', 'd'},									-- |df=ymd
	--		['yMd'] = {'%s %s %s', 'y', 'm', 'd'},								-- |df=yMd; not supported at en.wiki
		},
	['dMy'] = {																	-- date format is dMy; reformat to:
		['dmy'] = {'%s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'y'},									-- for long/short reformatting
		['mdy'] = {'%s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'y'},									-- |df=mdy
		['ymd'] = {'%s-%s-%s', 'y', 'm', 'd'},									-- |df=ymd
	--		['yMd'] = {'%s %s %s', 'y', 'm', 'd'},								-- |df=yMd; not supported at en.wiki
		},
	['Md-dy'] = {																-- date format is Md-dy; reformat to:
		['mdy'] = {'%s %s–%s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'd2', 'y'},						-- for long/short reformatting
		['dmy'] = {'%s–%s %s %s', 'd', 'd2', 'm', 'y'},							-- |df=dmy -&gt; d-dMy 
		},
	['d-dMy'] = {																-- date format is d-d&gt;y; reformat to:
		['dmy'] = {'%s–%s %s %s', 'd', 'd2', 'm', 'y'},							-- for long/short reformatting
		['mdy'] = {'%s %s–%s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'd2', 'y'},						-- |df=mdy -&gt; Md-dy 
		},
	['dM-dMy'] = {																-- date format is dM-dMy; reformat to:
		['dmy'] = {'%s %s – %s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'd2', 'm2', 'y'},				-- for long/short reformatting
		['mdy'] = {'%s %s – %s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'm2', 'd2', 'y'},				-- |df=mdy -&gt; Md-Mdy 
		},
	['Md-Mdy'] = {																-- date format is Md-Mdy; reformat to:
		['mdy'] = {'%s %s – %s %s, %s', 'm', 'd',  'm2', 'd2', 'y'},			-- for long/short reformatting
		['dmy'] = {'%s %s – %s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'd2', 'm2', 'y'},				-- |df=dmy -&gt; dM-dMy 
		},
	['dMy-dMy'] = {																-- date format is dMy-dMy; reformat to:
		['dmy'] = {'%s %s %s – %s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'y', 'd2', 'm2', 'y2'},		-- for long/short reformatting
		['mdy'] = {'%s %s, %s – %s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'y', 'm2', 'd2', 'y2'},	-- |df=mdy -&gt; Mdy-Mdy 
		},
	['Mdy-Mdy'] = {																-- date format is Mdy-Mdy; reformat to:
		['mdy'] = {'%s %s, %s – %s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'y', 'm2', 'd2', 'y2'},	-- for long/short reformatting
		['dmy'] = {'%s %s %s – %s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'y', 'd2', 'm2', 'y2'},		-- |df=dmy -&gt; dMy-dMy 
		},
	['My-My'] = {																-- these for long/short reformatting
		['any'] = {'%s %s – %s %s', 'm', 'y', 'm2', 'y2'},						-- dmy/mdy agnostic
		},
	['M-My'] = {																-- these for long/short reformatting
		['any'] = {'%s–%s %s', 'm', 'm2', 'y'},									-- dmy/mdy agnostic
		},
	['My'] = {																	-- these for long/short reformatting
		['any'] = {'%s %s', 'm', 'y'},											-- dmy/mdy agnostic
		},
	--	['yMd'] = {																-- not supported at en.wiki
	--		['mdy'] = {'%s %s, %s', 'm', 'd', 'y'},								-- |df=mdy
	--		['dmy'] = {'%s %s %s', 'd', 'm', 'y'},								-- |df=dmy
	--		['ymd'] = {'%s-%s-%s', 'y', 'm', 'd'},								-- |df=ymd
	--		},
	}


local function reformatter (date, pattern_idx, format_param, mon_len)
	if not in_array (pattern_idx, {'ymd', 'Mdy', 'Md-dy', 'dMy', 'yMd', 'd-dMy', 'dM-dMy', 'Md-Mdy', 'dMy-dMy', 'Mdy-Mdy', 'My-My', 'M-My', 'My'}) then
		return;																	-- not in this set of date format patterns then not a reformattable date
	end
	
	if 'ymd' == format_param and in_array (pattern_idx, {'ymd', 'Md-dy', 'd-dMy', 'dM-dMy', 'Md-Mdy', 'dMy-dMy', 'Mdy-Mdy', 'My-My', 'M-My', 'My'}) then
		return;																	-- ymd date ranges not supported at en.wiki; no point in reformatting ymd to ymd
	end

	if in_array (pattern_idx, {'My', 'M-My', 'My-My'}) then						-- these are not dmy/mdy so can't be 'reformatted' into either
		format_param = 'any';													-- so format-agnostic 
	end

																				-- yMd is not supported at en.wiki; when yMd is supported at your wiki, uncomment the next line
	--	if 'yMd' == format_param and in_array (pattern_idx, {'yMd', 'Md-dy', 'd-dMy', 'dM-dMy', 'Md-Mdy', 'dMy-dMy', 'Mdy-Mdy'}) then	-- these formats not convertable; yMd not supported at en.wiki
	if 'yMd' == format_param then												-- yMd not supported at en.wiki; when yMd is supported at your wiki, remove or comment-out this line
		return;																	-- not a reformattable date
	end
	
	local c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7;											-- these hold the captures specified in patterns[pattern_idx][1]
	c1, c2, c3, c4, c5, c6, c7 = mw.ustring.match (date, patterns[pattern_idx][1]);	-- get the captures

	local t = {																	-- table that holds k/v pairs of date parts from the captures and patterns[pattern_idx][2..]
		[patterns[pattern_idx][2]] = c1;										-- at minimum there is always one capture with a matching indicator letter
		[patterns[pattern_idx][3] or 'x'] = c2;									-- patterns can have a variable number of captures; each capture requires an indicator letter;
		[patterns[pattern_idx][4] or 'x'] = c3;									-- where there is no capture, there is no indicator letter so n in patterns[pattern_idx][n] will be nil;
		[patterns[pattern_idx][5] or 'x'] = c4;									-- the 'x' here spoofs an indicator letter to prevent 'table index is nil' error
		[patterns[pattern_idx][6] or 'x'] = c5;
		[patterns[pattern_idx][7] or 'x'] = c6;
		[patterns[pattern_idx][8] or 'x'] = c7;
		};

	if t.a then																	-- if this date has an anchor year capture (all convertable date formats except ymd)
		if t.y2 then															-- for year range date formats														
			t.y2 = t.a;															-- use the anchor year capture when reassembling the date
		else																	-- here for single date formats (except ymd)
			t.y = t.a;															-- use the anchor year capture when reassembling the date
		end
	end

	if tonumber(t.m) then														-- if raw month is a number (converting from ymd)
		if 's' == mon_len then													-- if we are to use abbreviated month names
			t.m = cfg.date_names['inv_local_short'][tonumber(t.m)];					-- convert it to a month name
		else
			t.m = cfg.date_names['inv_local_long'][tonumber(t.m)];					-- convert it to a month name
		end
		t.d = t.d:gsub ('0(%d)', '%1');											-- strip leading '0' from day if present
	elseif 'ymd' == format_param then											-- when converting to ymd
		t.y = t.y:gsub ('%a', '');												-- strip CITREF disambiguator if present; anchor year already known so process can proceed; TODO: maint message?
		if 1582 &gt; tonumber (t.y) then											-- ymd format dates not allowed before 1582
			return;
		end
		t.m = string.format ('%02d', get_month_number (t.m));					-- make sure that month and day are two digits
		t.d = string.format ('%02d', t.d);
	elseif mon_len then															-- if mon_len is set to either 'short' or 'long'
		for _, mon in ipairs ({'m', 'm2'}) do									-- because there can be two month names, check both 
			if t[mon] then
				t[mon] = get_month_number (t[mon]);								-- get the month number for this month (is length agnostic)
				if 0 == t[mon] then return; end									-- seasons and named dates can't be converted
				t[mon] = (('s' == mon_len) and cfg.date_names['inv_local_short'][t[mon]]) or cfg.date_names['inv_local_long'][t[mon]];	-- fetch month name according to length
			end
		end
	end

	local new_date = string.format (re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][1],	-- format string
		t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][2]],							-- named captures from t{}
		t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][3]],
		t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][4]],
		t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][5]],
		t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][6]],
		t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][7]],
		t[re_formats[pattern_idx][format_param][8]]
		);

	return new_date;
end


--[[-------------------------&lt; R E F O R M A T _ D A T E S &gt;--------------------------------------------------

Reformats existing dates into the format specified by format.

format is one of several manual keywords: dmy, dmy-all, mdy, mdy-all, ymd, ymd-all.  The -all version includes
access- and archive-dates; otherwise these dates are not reformatted.

This function allows automatic date formatting.  In ~/Configuration, the article source is searched for one of
the {{use xxx dates}} templates.  If found, xxx becomes the global date format as xxx-all.  If |cs1-dates= in
{{use xxx dates}} has legitimate value then that value determines how cs1|2 dates will be rendered.  Legitimate
values for |cs1-dates= are:
	l - all dates are rendered with long month names
	ls - publication dates use long month names; access-/archive-dates use abbreviated month names
	ly - publication dates use long month names; access-/archive-dates rendered in ymd format
	s - all dates are rendered with abbreviated (short) month names
	sy - publication dates use abbreviated month names; access-/archive-dates rendered in ymd format
	y - all dates are rendered in ymd format

the format argument for automatic date formatting will be the format specified by {{use xxx dates}} with the
value supplied by |cs1-dates so one of: xxx-l, xxx-ls, xxx-ly, xxx-s, xxx-sy, xxx-y, or simply xxx (|cs1-dates=
empty, omitted, or invalid) where xxx shall be either of dmy or mdy.

dates are extracted from date_parameters_list, reformatted (if appropriate), and then written back into the
list in the new format.  Dates in date_parameters_list are presumed here to be valid (no errors).  This function
returns true when a date has been reformatted, false else.  Actual reformatting is done by reformatter().

]]

local function reformat_dates (date_parameters_list, format)
	local all = false;															-- set to false to skip access- and archive-dates
	local len_p = 'l';															-- default publication date length shall be long
	local len_a = 'l';															-- default access-/archive-date length shall be long
	local result = false;
	local new_date;																
	
	if format:match('%a+%-all') then											-- manual df keyword; auto df keyword when length not specified in {{use xxx dates}}; 
		format = format:match('(%a+)%-all');									-- extract the format
		all = true;																-- all dates are long format dates because this keyword doesn't specify length
	elseif format:match('%a+%-[lsy][sy]?') then									-- auto df keywords; internal only
		all = true;																-- auto df applies to all dates; use length specified by capture len_p for all dates
		format, len_p, len_a = format:match('(%a+)%-([lsy])([sy]?)');			-- extract the format and length keywords
		if 'y' == len_p then													-- because allowed by MOS:DATEUNIFY (sort of) range dates and My dates not reformatted
			format = 'ymd';														-- override {{use xxx dates}}
		elseif (not is_set(len_a)) or (len_p == len_a) then						-- no access-/archive-date length specified or same length as publication dates then
			len_a = len_p;														-- in case len_a not set
		end
	end																			-- else only publication dates and they are long

	for param_name, param_val in pairs (date_parameters_list) do				-- for each date-holding parameter in the list
		if is_set (param_val.val) then											-- if the parameter has a value
			if not (not all and in_array (param_name, {'access-date', 'archive-date'})) then	-- skip access- or archive-date unless format is xxx-all; yeah, ugly; TODO: find a better way
				for pattern_idx, pattern in pairs (patterns) do
					if mw.ustring.match (param_val.val, pattern[1]) then
						if all and in_array (param_name, {'access-date', 'archive-date'}) then	-- if this date is an access- or archive-date
							new_date = reformatter (param_val.val, pattern_idx, (('y' == len_a) and 'ymd') or format, len_a);	-- choose ymd or dmy/mdy according to len_a setting
						else													-- all other dates
							new_date = reformatter (param_val.val, pattern_idx, format, len_p);
						end
						
						if new_date then										-- set when date was reformatted
							date_parameters_list[param_name].val = new_date;	-- update date in date list
							result = true;										-- and announce that changes have been made
							break;
						end
					end	-- if
				end		-- for
			end			-- if
		end				-- if
	end					-- for
	return result;																-- declare boolean result and done
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; D A T E _ H Y P H E N _ T O _ D A S H &gt;----------------------------------------

Loops through the list of date-holding parameters and converts any hyphen to an ndash.  Not called if the cs1|2
template has any date errors.

Modifies the date_parameters_list and returns true if hyphens are replaced, else returns false.

]]

local function date_hyphen_to_dash (date_parameters_list)
	local result = false;
	local n;
	for param_name, param_val in pairs(date_parameters_list) do					-- for each date-holding parameter in the list
		if is_set (param_val.val) and
			not mw.ustring.match (param_val.val, patterns.ymd[1]) then			-- for those that are not ymd dates (ustring because here digits may not be Western)
				param_val.val, n = param_val.val:gsub ('%-', '–');				-- replace any hyphen with ndash
				if 0 ~= n then
					date_parameters_list[param_name].val = param_val.val;		-- update the list
					result = true;
				end
		end
	end
	return result;																-- so we know if any hyphens were replaced
end


--[[-------------------------&lt; D A T E _ N A M E _ X L A T E &gt;------------------------------------------------

Attempts to translate English date names to local-language date names using names supplied by MediaWiki's
date parser function.  This is simple name-for-name replacement and may not work for all languages.

if xlat_dig is true, this function will also translate Western (English) digits to the local language's digits.
This will also translate ymd dates.

]]

local function date_name_xlate (date_parameters_list, xlt_dig)
	local xlate;
	local mode;																	-- long or short month names
	local modified = false;
	local date;
	
	local sources_t = {
		{cfg.date_names.en.long, cfg.date_names.inv_local_long},				-- for translating long English month names to long local month names
		{cfg.date_names.en.short, cfg.date_names.inv_local_short},				-- short month names
		{cfg.date_names.en.quarter, cfg.date_names.inv_local_quarter},			-- quarter date names
		{cfg.date_names.en.season, cfg.date_names.inv_local_season},			-- season date nam
		{cfg.date_names.en.named, cfg.date_names.inv_local_named},				-- named dates
		}

	local function is_xlateable (month)											-- local function to get local date name that replaces existing English-language date name
		for _, date_names_t in ipairs (sources_t) do							-- for each sequence table in date_names_t
			if date_names_t[1][month] then										-- if date name is English month (long or short), quarter, season or named and
				if date_names_t[2][date_names_t[1][month]] then					-- if there is a matching local date name
					return date_names_t[2][date_names_t[1][month]];				-- return the local date name
				end
			end
		end
	end

	for param_name, param_val in pairs(date_parameters_list) do					-- for each date-holding parameter in the list
		if is_set(param_val.val) then											-- if the parameter has a value
			date = param_val.val;
			for month in mw.ustring.gmatch (date, '[%a ]+') do					-- iterate through all date names in the date (single date or date range)
				month = mw.text.trim (month);									-- this because quarterly dates contain whitespace
				xlate = is_xlateable (month);									-- get translate &lt;month&gt;; returns translation or nil
				
				if xlate then		
					date = mw.ustring.gsub (date, month, xlate);				-- replace the English with the translation
					date_parameters_list[param_name].val = date;				-- save the translated date
					modified = true;
				end
			end

			if xlt_dig then														-- shall we also translate digits?
				date = date:gsub ('%d', cfg.date_names.xlate_digits);			-- translate digits from Western to 'local digits'
				date_parameters_list[param_name].val = date;					-- save the translated date
				modified = true;
			end
		end
	end
	
	return modified;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E T _ S E L E C T E D _ M O D U L E S &gt;--------------------------------------

Sets local imported functions table to same (live or sandbox) as that used by the other modules.

]]

local function set_selected_modules (cfg_table_ptr, utilities_page_ptr)
	add_prop_cat = utilities_page_ptr.add_prop_cat ;							-- import functions from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities module
	is_set = utilities_page_ptr.is_set;
	in_array = utilities_page_ptr.in_array;
	set_message = utilities_page_ptr.set_message;
	substitute = utilities_page_ptr.substitute;
	wrap_style = utilities_page_ptr.wrap_style;

	cfg = cfg_table_ptr;														-- import tables from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; A R C H I V E _ D A T E _ C H E C K &gt;------------------------------------------

Compare value in |archive-date= with the timestamp in Wayback machine urls.  Emits an error message with suggested
date from the |archive-url= timestamp in an appropriate format when the value in |archive-date= does not match
the timestamp.

this function never called when any date in a cs1|2 template has errors

error message suggests new |archive-date= value in an appropriate format specified by &lt;df&gt;.  &lt;df&gt; is either 
|df= or cfg.global_df in that order.  If &lt;df&gt; is nil, suggested date has format from |archive-date=.  There is
a caveat: when |df=dmy or |df=mdy, the reformatter leaves |access-date= and |archive-date= formats as they are.
The error message suggested date is passed to the formatter as YYYY-MM-DD so when |df=dmy or |df=mdy, the format
is not changed.

]]

local function archive_date_check (archive_date, archive_url_timestamp, df)
	local archive_date_format = 'dmy-y';										-- holds the date format of date in |archive-date; default to ymd; 'dmy' used here to spoof reformat_dates() 
	
	for _, v_t in ipairs ({{'dMy', 'dmy-all'}, {'Mdy', 'mdy-all'}}) do			-- is |archive-date= format dmy or mdy?
		if archive_date:match (patterns[v_t[1]][1]) then						-- does the pattern match?
			archive_date_format = cfg.keywords_xlate[v_t[2]];					-- get appropriate |df= supported keyword from the i18n translator table
			break;
		end
	end
	
	local dates_t = {};
	dates_t['archive-date'] = {val=archive_date, name=''};						-- setup to call reformat_dates(); never called when errors so &lt;name&gt; unset as not needed
	reformat_dates (dates_t, 'dmy-y');											-- reformat |archive-date= to ymd; 'dmy' used here to spoof reformat_dates()
	local archive_url_date = archive_url_timestamp:gsub ('(%d%d%d%d)(%d%d)(%d%d)%d*', '%1-%2-%3');	-- make ymd format date from timestamp

	if dates_t['archive-date'].val == archive_url_date then						-- are the two dates the same
		return;																	-- yes, done
	else
		dates_t['archive-date'] = {val=archive_url_date, name=''};				-- setup to call reformat_dates() with the timestamp date
		reformat_dates (dates_t, df or archive_date_format);					-- reformat timestamp to format specified by &lt;df&gt; or format used in |archive-date= 
		archive_url_date = dates_t['archive-date'].val;
		set_message ('err_archive_date_url_ts_mismatch', archive_url_date);		-- emit an error message
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T E D   F U N C T I O N S &gt;------------------------------------------
]]

return {																		-- return exported functions
	archive_date_check = archive_date_check,
	date_hyphen_to_dash = date_hyphen_to_dash,
	date_name_xlate = date_name_xlate,
	dates = dates,
	reformat_dates = reformat_dates,
	set_selected_modules = set_selected_modules,
	year_date_check = year_date_check,
	}</text>
      <sha1>eihdxoivcfreufjkz8m1w9dwcssilup</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>模組:Citation/CS1/Identifiers</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>826</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12521</id>
      <timestamp>2024-07-15T08:30:44Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>42.119.242.132</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「--[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;-------------------------------------- ]]  local has_accept_as_written, is_set, in_array, set_message, select_one,			-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities 		substitute, make_wikilink;  local z;																		-- table of tables defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities  local cfg;																		-- table of configuration tables that are defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Configur…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12521</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="76854" sha1="6uzqpmnr4f7kbilmaopc20fiwrqbywt" xml:space="preserve">--[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;--------------------------------------
]]

local has_accept_as_written, is_set, in_array, set_message, select_one,			-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities
		substitute, make_wikilink;

local z;																		-- table of tables defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities

local cfg;																		-- table of configuration tables that are defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration


--[[--------------------------&lt; P A G E   S C O P E   V A R I A B L E S &gt;--------------------------------------

declare variables here that have page-wide scope that are not brought in from other modules; that are created here and used here

]]

local auto_link_urls = {};														-- holds identifier URLs for those identifiers that can auto-link |title=


--============================&lt;&lt; H E L P E R   F U N C T I O N S &gt;&gt;============================================

--[[--------------------------&lt; W I K I D A T A _ A R T I C L E _ N A M E _ G E T &gt;----------------------------

as an aid to internationalizing identifier-label wikilinks, gets identifier article names from Wikidata.

returns :&lt;lang code&gt;:&lt;article title&gt; when &lt;q&gt; has an &lt;article title&gt; for &lt;lang code&gt;; nil else

for identifiers that do not have q, returns nil

for wikis that do not have mw.wikibase installed, returns nil

]]

local function wikidata_article_name_get (q)
	if not is_set (q) or (q and not mw.wikibase) then							-- when no q number or when a q number but mw.wikibase not installed on this wiki
		return nil;																-- abandon
	end

	local wd_article;
	local this_wiki_code = cfg.this_wiki_code;									-- Wikipedia subdomain; 'en' for en.wikipedia.org

	wd_article = mw.wikibase.getSitelink (q, this_wiki_code .. 'wiki');			-- fetch article title from WD; nil when no title available at this wiki

	if wd_article then
		wd_article = table.concat ({':', this_wiki_code, ':', wd_article});		-- interwiki-style link without brackets if taken from WD; leading colon required
	end

	return wd_article;															-- article title from WD; nil else
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L I N K _ L A B E L _ M A K E &gt;------------------------------------------------

common function to create identifier link label from handler table or from Wikidata

returns the first available of
	1. redirect from local wiki's handler table (if enabled)
	2. Wikidata (if there is a Wikidata entry for this identifier in the local wiki's language)
	3. label specified in the local wiki's handler table
	
]]

local function link_label_make (handler)
	local wd_article;
	
	if not (cfg.use_identifier_redirects and is_set (handler.redirect)) then	-- redirect has priority so if enabled and available don't fetch from Wikidata because expensive
		wd_article = wikidata_article_name_get (handler.q);						-- if Wikidata has an article title for this wiki, get it;
	end
	
	return (cfg.use_identifier_redirects and is_set (handler.redirect) and handler.redirect) or wd_article or handler.link;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X T E R N A L _ L I N K _ I D &gt;----------------------------------------------

Formats a wiki-style external link

]]

local function external_link_id (options)
	local url_string = options.id;
	local ext_link;
	local this_wiki_code = cfg.this_wiki_code;									-- Wikipedia subdomain; 'en' for en.wikipedia.org
	local wd_article;															-- article title from Wikidata
	
	if options.encode == true or options.encode == nil then
		url_string = mw.uri.encode (url_string, 'PATH');
	end

	if options.auto_link and is_set (options.access) then
		auto_link_urls[options.auto_link] = table.concat ({options.prefix, url_string, options.suffix});
	end

	ext_link = mw.ustring.format ('[%s%s%s %s]', options.prefix, url_string, options.suffix or &quot;&quot;, mw.text.nowiki (options.id));
	if is_set (options.access) then
		ext_link = substitute (cfg.presentation['ext-link-access-signal'], {cfg.presentation[options.access].class, cfg.presentation[options.access].title, ext_link});	-- add the free-to-read / paywall lock
	end

	return table.concat	({
		make_wikilink (link_label_make (options), options.label),				-- redirect, Wikidata link, or locally specified link (in that order)
		options.separator or '&amp;nbsp;',
		ext_link
		});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I N T E R N A L _ L I N K _ I D &gt;----------------------------------------------

Formats a wiki-style internal link

TODO: Does not currently need to support options.access, options.encode, auto-linking and COinS (as in external_link_id),
but may be needed in the future for :m:Interwiki_map custom-prefixes like :arxiv:, :bibcode:, :DOI:, :hdl:, :ISSN:,
:JSTOR:, :Openlibrary:, :PMID:, :RFC:.

]]

local function internal_link_id (options)
	local id = mw.ustring.gsub (options.id, '%d', cfg.date_names.local_digits);	-- translate 'local' digits to Western 0-9

	return table.concat (
		{
		make_wikilink (link_label_make (options), options.label),				-- wiki-link the identifier label
		options.separator or '&amp;nbsp;',											-- add the separator
		make_wikilink (
			table.concat (
				{
				options.prefix,
				id,																-- translated to Western digits
				options.suffix or ''
				}),
			substitute (cfg.presentation['bdi'], {'', mw.text.nowiki (options.id)})	-- bdi tags to prevent Latin script identifiers from being reversed at RTL language wikis
			);																	-- nowiki because MediaWiki still has magic links for ISBN and the like; TODO: is it really required?
		});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S _ E M B A R G O E D &gt;------------------------------------------------------

Determines if a PMC identifier's online version is embargoed. Compares the date in |pmc-embargo-date= against
today's date.  If embargo date is in the future, returns the content of |pmc-embargo-date=; otherwise, returns
an empty string because the embargo has expired or because |pmc-embargo-date= was not set in this cite.

]]

local function is_embargoed (embargo)
	if is_set (embargo) then
		local lang = mw.getContentLanguage();
		local good1, embargo_date, todays_date;
		good1, embargo_date = pcall (lang.formatDate, lang, 'U', embargo);
		todays_date = lang:formatDate ('U');
	
		if good1 then															-- if embargo date is a good date
			if tonumber (embargo_date) &gt;= tonumber (todays_date) then			-- is embargo date is in the future?
				return embargo;													-- still embargoed
			else
				set_message ('maint_pmc_embargo');								-- embargo has expired; add main cat
				return '';														-- unset because embargo has expired
			end
		end
	end
	return '';																	-- |pmc-embargo-date= not set return empty string
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; I S _ V A L I D _ R X I V _ D A T E &gt;------------------------------------------

for biorxiv, returns true if:
	2019-12-11T00:00Z &lt;= biorxiv_date &lt; today + 2 days
for medrxiv, returns true if:
	2020-01-01T00:00Z &lt;= medrxiv_date &lt; today + 2 days
	
The dated form of biorxiv identifier has a start date of 2019-12-11.  The Unix timestamp for that date is {{#time:U|2019-12-11}} = 1576022400
The medrxiv identifier has a start date of 2020-01-01.  The Unix timestamp for that date is {{#time:U|2020-01-01}} = 1577836800

&lt;rxiv_date&gt; is the date provided in those |biorxiv= parameter values that are dated and in |medrxiv= parameter values at time 00:00:00 UTC
&lt;today&gt; is the current date at time 00:00:00 UTC plus 48 hours
	if today's date is 2023-01-01T00:00:00 then
		adding 24 hours gives 2023-01-02T00:00:00 – one second more than today
		adding 24 hours gives 2023-01-03T00:00:00 – one second more than tomorrow

inputs:
	&lt;y&gt;, &lt;m&gt;, &lt;d&gt; – year, month, day parts of the date from the birxiv or medrxiv identifier
	&lt;select&gt; 'b' for biorxiv, 'm' for medrxiv; defaults to 'b'

]=]

local function is_valid_rxiv_date (y, m, d, select)
	if 0 == tonumber (m) and 12 &lt; tonumber (m) then								-- &lt;m&gt; must be a number 1–12
		return false;
	end
	if 0 == tonumber (d) and 31 &lt; tonumber (d) then								-- &lt;d&gt; must be a number 1–31; TODO: account for month length and leap yer?
		return false;
	end
	
	local rxiv_date = table.concat ({y, m, d}, '-');							-- make ymd date string
	local good1, good2;
	local rxiv_ts, tomorrow_ts;													-- to hold Unix timestamps representing the dates
	local lang_object = mw.getContentLanguage();

	good1, rxiv_ts = pcall (lang_object.formatDate, lang_object, 'U', rxiv_date);		-- convert rxiv_date value to Unix timestamp 
	good2, tomorrow_ts = pcall (lang_object.formatDate, lang_object, 'U', 'today + 2 days' );	-- today midnight + 2 days is one second more than all day tomorrow
	
	if good1 and good2 then														-- lang.formatDate() returns a timestamp in the local script which tonumber() may not understand
		rxiv_ts = tonumber (rxiv_ts) or lang_object:parseFormattedNumber (rxiv_ts);	-- convert to numbers for the comparison;
		tomorrow_ts = tonumber (tomorrow_ts) or lang_object:parseFormattedNumber (tomorrow_ts);
	else
		return false;															-- one or both failed to convert to Unix timestamp
	end

	local limit_ts = ((select and ('m' == select)) and 1577836800) or 1576022400;	-- choose the appropriate limit timesatmp

	return ((limit_ts &lt;= rxiv_ts) and (rxiv_ts &lt; tomorrow_ts))					-- limit_ts &lt;= rxiv_date &lt; tomorrow's date
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; IS _ V A L I D _ I S X N &gt;-----------------------------------------------------

ISBN-10 and ISSN validator code calculates checksum across all ISBN/ISSN digits including the check digit.
ISBN-13 is checked in isbn().

If the number is valid the result will be 0. Before calling this function, ISBN/ISSN must be checked for length
and stripped of dashes, spaces and other non-ISxN characters.

]]

local function is_valid_isxn (isxn_str, len)
	local temp = 0;
	isxn_str = { isxn_str:byte(1, len) };										-- make a table of byte values '0' → 0x30 .. '9' → 0x39, 'X' → 0x58
	len = len + 1;																-- adjust to be a loop counter
	for i, v in ipairs (isxn_str) do											-- loop through all of the bytes and calculate the checksum
		if v == string.byte (&quot;X&quot; ) then											-- if checkdigit is X (compares the byte value of 'X' which is 0x58)
			temp = temp + 10 * (len - i);										-- it represents 10 decimal
		else
			temp = temp + tonumber (string.char (v) )*(len-i);
		end
	end
	return temp % 11 == 0;														-- returns true if calculation result is zero
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; IS _ V A L I D _ I S X N _ 1 3 &gt;-----------------------------------------------

ISBN-13 and ISMN validator code calculates checksum across all 13 ISBN/ISMN digits including the check digit.
If the number is valid, the result will be 0. Before calling this function, ISBN-13/ISMN must be checked for length
and stripped of dashes, spaces and other non-ISxN-13 characters.

]]

local function is_valid_isxn_13 (isxn_str)
	local temp=0;
	
	isxn_str = { isxn_str:byte(1, 13) };										-- make a table of byte values '0' → 0x30 .. '9' → 0x39
	for i, v in ipairs (isxn_str) do
		temp = temp + (3 - 2*(i % 2)) * tonumber (string.char (v) );			-- multiply odd index digits by 1, even index digits by 3 and sum; includes check digit
	end
	return temp % 10 == 0;														-- sum modulo 10 is zero when ISBN-13/ISMN is correct
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; N O R M A L I Z E _ L C C N &gt;--------------------------------------------------

LCCN normalization (https://www.loc.gov/marc/lccn-namespace.html#normalization)
1. Remove all blanks.
2. If there is a forward slash (/) in the string, remove it, and remove all characters to the right of the forward slash.
3. If there is a hyphen in the string:
	a. Remove it.
	b. Inspect the substring following (to the right of) the (removed) hyphen. Then (and assuming that steps 1 and 2 have been carried out):
		1. All these characters should be digits, and there should be six or less. (not done in this function)
		2. If the length of the substring is less than 6, left-fill the substring with zeroes until the length is six.

Returns a normalized LCCN for lccn() to validate.  There is no error checking (step 3.b.1) performed in this function.

]]

local function normalize_lccn (lccn)
	lccn = lccn:gsub (&quot;%s&quot;, &quot;&quot;);												-- 1. strip whitespace

	if nil ~= string.find (lccn, '/') then
		lccn = lccn:match (&quot;(.-)/&quot;);											-- 2. remove forward slash and all character to the right of it
	end

	local prefix
	local suffix
	prefix, suffix = lccn:match (&quot;(.+)%-(.+)&quot;);									-- 3.a remove hyphen by splitting the string into prefix and suffix

	if nil ~= suffix then														-- if there was a hyphen
		suffix = string.rep(&quot;0&quot;, 6-string.len (suffix)) .. suffix;				-- 3.b.2 left fill the suffix with 0s if suffix length less than 6
		lccn = prefix..suffix;													-- reassemble the LCCN
	end
	
	return lccn;
	end


--============================&lt;&lt; I D E N T I F I E R   F U N C T I O N S &gt;&gt;====================================

--[[--------------------------&lt; A R X I V &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------

See: https://arxiv.org/help/arxiv_identifier

format and error check arXiv identifier.  There are three valid forms of the identifier:
the first form, valid only between date codes 9107 and 0703, is:
	arXiv:&lt;archive&gt;.&lt;class&gt;/&lt;date code&gt;&lt;number&gt;&lt;version&gt;
where:
	&lt;archive&gt; is a string of alpha characters - may be hyphenated; no other punctuation
	&lt;class&gt; is a string of alpha characters - may be hyphenated; no other punctuation; not the same as |class= parameter which is not supported in this form
	&lt;date code&gt; is four digits in the form YYMM where YY is the last two digits of the four-digit year and MM is the month number January = 01
		first digit of YY for this form can only 9 and 0
	&lt;number&gt; is a three-digit number
	&lt;version&gt; is a 1 or more digit number preceded with a lowercase v; no spaces (undocumented)
	
the second form, valid from April 2007 through December 2014 is:
	arXiv:&lt;date code&gt;.&lt;number&gt;&lt;version&gt;
where:
	&lt;date code&gt; is four digits in the form YYMM where YY is the last two digits of the four-digit year and MM is the month number January = 01
	&lt;number&gt; is a four-digit number
	&lt;version&gt; is a 1 or more digit number preceded with a lowercase v; no spaces

the third form, valid from January 2015 is:
	arXiv:&lt;date code&gt;.&lt;number&gt;&lt;version&gt;
where:
	&lt;date code&gt; and &lt;version&gt; are as defined for 0704-1412
	&lt;number&gt; is a five-digit number

]]

local function arxiv (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local class = options.Class;												-- TODO: lowercase?
	local handler = options.handler;
	local year, month, version;
	local err_msg = false;														-- assume no error message
	local text;																	-- output text
	
	if id:match(&quot;^%a[%a%.%-]+/[90]%d[01]%d%d%d%d$&quot;) or id:match(&quot;^%a[%a%.%-]+/[90]%d[01]%d%d%d%dv%d+$&quot;) then	-- test for the 9107-0703 format with or without version
		year, month = id:match(&quot;^%a[%a%.%-]+/([90]%d)([01]%d)%d%d%d[v%d]*$&quot;);
		year = tonumber (year);
		month = tonumber (month);
		if ((not (90 &lt; year or 8 &gt; year)) or (1 &gt; month or 12 &lt; month)) or		-- if invalid year or invalid month
			((91 == year and 7 &gt; month) or (7 == year and 3 &lt; month)) then		-- if years ok, are starting and ending months ok?
				err_msg = true;													-- flag for error message
		end

	elseif id:match(&quot;^%d%d[01]%d%.%d%d%d%d$&quot;) or id:match(&quot;^%d%d[01]%d%.%d%d%d%dv%d+$&quot;) then	-- test for the 0704-1412 with or without version
		year, month = id:match(&quot;^(%d%d)([01]%d)%.%d%d%d%d[v%d]*$&quot;);
		year = tonumber (year);
		month = tonumber (month);
		if ((7 &gt; year) or (14 &lt; year) or (1 &gt; month or 12 &lt; month)) or			-- is year invalid or is month invalid? (doesn't test for future years)
			((7 == year) and (4 &gt; month)) then									-- when year is 07, is month invalid (before April)?
				err_msg = true;													-- flag for error message
		end

	elseif id:match(&quot;^%d%d[01]%d%.%d%d%d%d%d$&quot;) or id:match(&quot;^%d%d[01]%d%.%d%d%d%d%dv%d+$&quot;) then	-- test for the 1501- format with or without version
		year, month = id:match(&quot;^(%d%d)([01]%d)%.%d%d%d%d%d[v%d]*$&quot;);
		year = tonumber (year);
		month = tonumber (month);
		if ((15 &gt; year) or (1 &gt; month or 12 &lt; month)) then						-- is year invalid or is month invalid? (doesn't test for future years)
			err_msg = true;														-- flag for error message
		end

	else
		err_msg = true;															-- not a recognized format; flag for error message
	end

	if err_msg then
		options.coins_list_t['ARXIV'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	
	local err_msg_t = {};
	if err_msg then
		set_message ('err_bad_arxiv');
	end

	text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode, access = handler.access});

	if is_set (class) then
		if id:match ('^%d+') then
			text = table.concat ({text, ' [[https://arxiv.org/archive/', class, ' ', class, ']]'});	-- external link within square brackets, not wikilink
		else
			set_message ('err_class_ignored');
		end
	end

	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; B I B C O D E &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------

Validates (sort of) and formats a bibcode ID.

Format for bibcodes is specified here: https://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs_doc/help_pages/data.html#bibcodes

But, this: 2015arXiv151206696F is apparently valid so apparently, the only things that really matter are length, 19 characters
and first four digits must be a year.  This function makes these tests:
	length must be 19 characters
	characters in position
		1–4 must be digits and must represent a year in the range of 1000 – next year
		5 must be a letter
		6–8 must be letter, digit, ampersand, or dot (ampersand cannot directly precede a dot; &amp;. )
		9–18 must be letter, digit, or dot
		19 must be a letter or dot

]]

local function bibcode (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local access = options.access;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local ignore_invalid = options.accept;
	local err_type;
	local err_msg = '';
	local year;

	local text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode,
		access = access});
	
	if 19 ~= id:len() then
		err_type = cfg.err_msg_supl.length;
	else
		year = id:match (&quot;^(%d%d%d%d)[%a][%w&amp;%.][%w&amp;%.][%w&amp;%.][%w.]+[%a%.]$&quot;);
		if not year then														-- if nil then no pattern match
			err_type = cfg.err_msg_supl.value;									-- so value error
		else
			local next_year = tonumber (os.date ('%Y')) + 1;					-- get the current year as a number and add one for next year
			year = tonumber (year);												-- convert year portion of bibcode to a number
			if (1000 &gt; year) or (year &gt; next_year) then
				err_type = cfg.err_msg_supl.year;								-- year out of bounds
			end
			if id:find('&amp;%.') then
				err_type = cfg.err_msg_supl.journal;							-- journal abbreviation must not have '&amp;.' (if it does it's missing a letter)
			end
			if id:match ('.........%.tmp%.') then								-- temporary bibcodes when positions 10–14 are '.tmp.'
				set_message ('maint_bibcode');
			end
		end
	end

	if is_set (err_type) and not ignore_invalid then							-- if there was an error detected and accept-as-written markup not used
		set_message ('err_bad_bibcode', {err_type});
		options.coins_list_t['BIBCODE'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end

	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; B I O R X I V &gt;-----------------------------------------------------------------

Format bioRxiv ID and do simple error checking.  Before 2019-12-11, biorXiv IDs were 10.1101/ followed by exactly
6 digits.  After 2019-12-11, biorXiv IDs retained the six-digit identifier but prefixed that with a yyyy.mm.dd. 
date and suffixed with an optional version identifier.

The bioRxiv ID is the string of characters:
	https://doi.org/10.1101/078733 -&gt; 10.1101/078733
or a date followed by a six-digit number followed by an optional version indicator 'v' and one or more digits:
	https://www.biorxiv.org/content/10.1101/2019.12.11.123456v2 -&gt; 10.1101/2019.12.11.123456v2
	
see https://www.biorxiv.org/about-biorxiv

]]

local function biorxiv (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local err_msg = true;														-- flag; assume that there will be an error
	
	local patterns = {
		'^10%.1101/%d%d%d%d%d%d$',												-- simple 6-digit identifier (before 2019-12-11)
		'^10%.1101/(20%d%d)%.(%d%d)%.(%d%d)%.%d%d%d%d%d%dv%d+$',				-- y.m.d. date + 6-digit identifier + version (after 2019-12-11)
		'^10%.1101/(20%d%d)%.(%d%d)%.(%d%d)%.%d%d%d%d%d%d$',					-- y.m.d. date + 6-digit identifier (after 2019-12-11)
		}
	
	for _, pattern in ipairs (patterns) do										-- spin through the patterns looking for a match
		if id:match (pattern) then
			local y, m, d = id:match (pattern);									-- found a match, attempt to get year, month and date from the identifier

			if m then															-- m is nil when id is the six-digit form
				if not is_valid_rxiv_date (y, m, d, 'b') then					-- validate the encoded date; 'b' for biorxiv limit
					break;														-- date fail; break out early so we don't unset the error message
				end
			end
			err_msg = nil;														-- we found a match so unset the error message
			break;																-- and done
		end
	end																			-- err_cat remains set here when no match

	if err_msg then
		options.coins_list_t['BIORXIV'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
		set_message ('err_bad_biorxiv');										-- and set the error message
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator,
			encode = handler.encode, access = handler.access});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C I T E S E E R X &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

CiteSeerX use their own notion of &quot;doi&quot; (not to be confused with the identifiers resolved via doi.org).

The description of the structure of this identifier can be found at Help_talk:Citation_Style_1/Archive_26#CiteSeerX_id_structure

]]

local function citeseerx (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local matched;

	local text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode,
		access = handler.access});
	
	matched = id:match (&quot;^10%.1%.1%.[1-9]%d?%d?%d?%.[1-9]%d?%d?%d?$&quot;);
	if not matched then
		set_message ('err_bad_citeseerx' );
		options.coins_list_t['CITESEERX'] = nil;								-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end

	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; D O I &gt;------------------------------------------------------------------------

Formats a DOI and checks for DOI errors.

DOI names contain two parts: prefix and suffix separated by a forward slash.
	Prefix: directory indicator '10.' followed by a registrant code
	Suffix: character string of any length chosen by the registrant

This function checks a DOI name for: prefix/suffix.  If the DOI name contains spaces or endashes, or, if it ends
with a period or a comma, this function will emit a bad_doi error message.

DOI names are case-insensitive and can incorporate any printable Unicode characters so the test for spaces, endash,
and terminal punctuation may not be technically correct but it appears, that in practice these characters are rarely
if ever used in DOI names.

https://www.doi.org/doi_handbook/2_Numbering.html				-- 2.2 Syntax of a DOI name
https://www.doi.org/doi_handbook/2_Numbering.html#2.2.2			-- 2.2.2 DOI prefix

]]

local function doi (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local inactive = options.DoiBroken
	local access = options.access;
	local ignore_invalid = options.accept;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local err_flag;

	local text;
	if is_set (inactive) then
		local inactive_year = inactive:match(&quot;%d%d%d%d&quot;);						-- try to get the year portion from the inactive date
		local inactive_month, good;

		if is_set (inactive_year) then
			if 4 &lt; inactive:len() then											-- inactive date has more than just a year (could be anything)
				local lang_obj = mw.getContentLanguage();						-- get a language object for this wiki
				good, inactive_month = pcall (lang_obj.formatDate, lang_obj, 'F', inactive);	-- try to get the month name from the inactive date
				if not good then
					inactive_month = nil;										-- something went wrong so make sure this is unset
				end
			end
		end																		-- otherwise, |doi-broken-date= has something but it isn't a date
		
		if is_set (inactive_year) and is_set (inactive_month) then
			set_message ('maint_doi_inactive_dated', {inactive_year, inactive_month, ' '});
		elseif is_set (inactive_year) then
			set_message ('maint_doi_inactive_dated', {inactive_year, '', ''});
		else
			set_message ('maint_doi_inactive');
		end
		inactive = &quot; (&quot; .. cfg.messages['inactive'] .. ' ' .. inactive .. ')';
	end

	local registrant = mw.ustring.match (id, '^10%.([^/]+)/[^%s–]-[^%.,]$');	-- registrant set when DOI has the proper basic form

	local registrant_err_patterns = {											-- these patterns are for code ranges that are not supported 
		'^[^1-3]%d%d%d%d%.%d+$',												-- 5 digits with subcode (0xxxx, 40000+); accepts: 10000–39999
		'^[^1-6]%d%d%d%d$',														-- 5 digits without subcode (0xxxx, 60000+); accepts: 10000–69999
		'^[^1-9]%d%d%d%.%d+$',												-- 4 digits with subcode (0xxx); accepts: 1000–9999
		'^[^1-9]%d%d%d$',														-- 4 digits without subcode (0xxx); accepts: 1000–9999
		'^%d%d%d%d%d%d+',														-- 6 or more digits
		'^%d%d?%d?$',															-- less than 4 digits without subcode (3 digits with subcode is legitimate)
		'^%d%d?%.[%d%.]+',														-- 1 or 2 digits with subcode
		'^5555$',																-- test registrant will never resolve
		'[^%d%.]',																-- any character that isn't a digit or a dot
		}

	if not ignore_invalid then
		if registrant then														-- when DOI has proper form
			for i, pattern in ipairs (registrant_err_patterns) do				-- spin through error patterns
				if registrant:match (pattern) then								-- to validate registrant codes
					err_flag = set_message ('err_bad_doi');						-- when found, mark this DOI as bad
					break;														-- and done
				end
			end
		else
			err_flag = set_message ('err_bad_doi');								-- invalid directory or malformed
		end
	else
		set_message ('maint_doi_ignore');
	end

	if err_flag then
		options.coins_list_t['DOI'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	else
		if not access and cfg.known_free_doi_registrants_t[registrant] then		-- |doi-access=free not set and &lt;registrant&gt; is known to be free
			set_message ('maint_doi_unflagged_free');							-- set a maint cat
		end
	end
	
	text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode, access = access,
		auto_link = not (err_flag or is_set (inactive) or ignore_invalid) and 'doi' or nil -- do not auto-link when |doi-broken-date= has a value or when there is a DOI error or (to play it safe, after all, auto-linking is not essential) when invalid DOIs are ignored
		}) .. (inactive or '');

	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; H D L &gt;------------------------------------------------------------------------

Formats an HDL with minor error checking.

HDL names contain two parts: prefix and suffix separated by a forward slash.
	Prefix: character string using any character in the UCS-2 character set except '/'
	Suffix: character string of any length using any character in the UCS-2 character set chosen by the registrant

This function checks a HDL name for: prefix/suffix.  If the HDL name contains spaces, endashes, or, if it ends
with a period or a comma, this function will emit a bad_hdl error message.

HDL names are case-insensitive and can incorporate any printable Unicode characters so the test for endashes and
terminal punctuation may not be technically correct but it appears, that in practice these characters are rarely
if ever used in HDLs.

Query string parameters are named here: https://www.handle.net/proxy_servlet.html.  query strings are not displayed
but since '?' is an allowed character in an HDL, '?' followed by one of the query parameters is the only way we
have to detect the query string so that it isn't URL-encoded with the rest of the identifier.

]]

local function hdl (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local access = options.access;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local query_params = {														-- list of known query parameters from https://www.handle.net/proxy_servlet.html
		'noredirect',
		'ignore_aliases',
		'auth',
		'cert',
		'index',
		'type',
		'urlappend',
		'locatt',
		'action',
		}
	
	local hdl, suffix, param = id:match ('(.-)(%?(%a+).+)$');					-- look for query string
	local found;

	if hdl then																	-- when there are query strings, this is the handle identifier portion
		for _, q in ipairs (query_params) do									-- spin through the list of query parameters
			if param:match ('^' .. q) then										-- if the query string begins with one of the parameters
				found = true;													-- announce a find
				break;															-- and stop looking
			end
		end
	end

	if found then
		id = hdl;																-- found so replace id with the handle portion; this will be URL-encoded, suffix will not
	else
		suffix = '';															-- make sure suffix is empty string for concatenation else
	end

	local text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, suffix = suffix, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode, access = access})

	if nil == id:match(&quot;^[^%s–]-/[^%s–]-[^%.,]$&quot;) then							-- HDL must contain a forward slash, must not contain spaces, endashes, and must not end with period or comma
		set_message ('err_bad_hdl' );
		options.coins_list_t['HDL'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end

	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S B N &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Determines whether an ISBN string is valid

]]

local function isbn (options)
	local isbn_str = options.id;
	local ignore_invalid = options.accept;
	local handler = options.handler;

	local function return_result (check, err_type)								-- local function to handle the various returns
		local ISBN = internal_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, redirect = handler.redirect,
						prefix = handler.prefix, id = isbn_str, separator = handler.separator});
		if ignore_invalid then													-- if ignoring ISBN errors
			set_message ('maint_isbn_ignore');									-- add a maint category even when there is no error
		else																	-- here when not ignoring
			if not check then													-- and there is an error
				options.coins_list_t['ISBN'] = nil;								-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
				set_message ('err_bad_isbn', err_type);							-- set an error message
				return ISBN;										 			-- return id text
			end
		end
		return ISBN;															-- return id text
	end

	if nil ~= isbn_str:match ('[^%s-0-9X]') then
		return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.char);					-- fail if isbn_str contains anything but digits, hyphens, or the uppercase X
	end

	local id = isbn_str:gsub ('[%s-]', '');										-- remove hyphens and whitespace

	local len = id:len();
 
	if len ~= 10 and len ~= 13 then
		return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.length);					-- fail if incorrect length
	end

	if len == 10 then
		if id:match ('^%d*X?$') == nil then										-- fail if isbn_str has 'X' anywhere but last position
			return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.form);									
		end
		if not is_valid_isxn (id, 10) then										-- test isbn-10 for numerical validity
			return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.check);				-- fail if isbn-10 is not numerically valid
		end
		if id:find ('^63[01]') then												-- 630xxxxxxx and 631xxxxxxx are (apparently) not valid isbn group ids but are used by amazon as numeric identifiers (asin)
			return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.group);				-- fail if isbn-10 begins with 630/1
		end
		return return_result (true, cfg.err_msg_supl.check);					-- pass if isbn-10 is numerically valid
	else
		if id:match ('^%d+$') == nil then
			return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.char);				-- fail if ISBN-13 is not all digits
		end
		if id:match ('^97[89]%d*$') == nil then
			return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.prefix);				-- fail when ISBN-13 does not begin with 978 or 979
		end
		if id:match ('^9790') then
			return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.group);				-- group identifier '0' is reserved to ISMN
		end
		return return_result (is_valid_isxn_13 (id), cfg.err_msg_supl.check);
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; A S I N &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Formats a link to Amazon.  Do simple error checking: ASIN must be mix of 10 numeric or uppercase alpha
characters.  If a mix, first character must be uppercase alpha; if all numeric, ASINs must be 10-digit
ISBN. If 10-digit ISBN, add a maintenance category so a bot or AWB script can replace |asin= with |isbn=.
Error message if not 10 characters, if not ISBN-10, if mixed and first character is a digit.

|asin=630....... and |asin=631....... are (apparently) not a legitimate ISBN though it checksums as one; these
do not cause this function to emit the maint_asin message

This function is positioned here because it calls isbn()

]]

local function asin (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local domain = options.ASINTLD;
	
	local err_flag;

	if not id:match(&quot;^[%d%u][%d%u][%d%u][%d%u][%d%u][%d%u][%d%u][%d%u][%d%u][%d%u]$&quot;) then
		err_flag = set_message ('err_bad_asin');								-- ASIN is not a mix of 10 uppercase alpha and numeric characters
	else
		if id:match(&quot;^%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d[%dX]$&quot;) then							-- if 10-digit numeric (or 9 digits with terminal X)
			if is_valid_isxn (id, 10) then										-- see if ASIN value is or validates as ISBN-10
				if not id:find ('^63[01]') then									-- 630xxxxxxx and 631xxxxxxx are (apparently) not a valid isbn prefixes but are used by amazon as a numeric identifier
					err_flag = set_message ('err_bad_asin');					-- ASIN has ISBN-10 form but begins with something other than 630/1 so probably an isbn 
				end
			elseif not is_set (err_flag) then
				err_flag = set_message ('err_bad_asin');						-- ASIN is not ISBN-10
			end
		elseif not id:match(&quot;^%u[%d%u]+$&quot;) then
			err_flag = set_message ('err_bad_asin');							-- asin doesn't begin with uppercase alpha
		end
	end
	if (not is_set (domain)) or in_array (domain, {'us'}) then					-- default: United States
		domain = &quot;com&quot;;
	elseif in_array (domain, {'jp', 'uk'}) then									-- Japan, United Kingdom
		domain = &quot;co.&quot; .. domain;
	elseif in_array (domain, {'z.cn'}) then 									-- China
		domain = &quot;cn&quot;;
	elseif in_array (domain, {'au', 'br', 'mx', 'sg', 'tr'}) then				-- Australia, Brazil, Mexico, Singapore, Turkey
		domain = &quot;com.&quot; .. domain;
	elseif not in_array (domain, {'ae', 'ca', 'cn', 'de', 'es', 'fr', 'in', 'it', 'nl', 'pl', 'sa', 'se', 'co.jp', 'co.uk', 'com', 'com.au', 'com.br', 'com.mx', 'com.sg', 'com.tr'}) then -- Arabic Emirates, Canada, China, Germany, Spain, France, Indonesia, Italy, Netherlands, Poland, Saudi Arabia, Sweden (as of 2021-03 Austria (.at), Liechtenstein (.li) and Switzerland (.ch) still redirect to the German site (.de) with special settings, so don't maintain local ASINs for them)
		err_flag = set_message ('err_bad_asin_tld');							-- unsupported asin-tld value
	end
	local handler = options.handler;

	if not is_set (err_flag) then
		options.coins_list_t['ASIN'] = handler.prefix .. domain .. &quot;/dp/&quot; .. id;	-- asin for coins
	else
		options.coins_list_t['ASIN'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix .. domain .. &quot;/dp/&quot;,
		id = id, encode = handler.encode, separator = handler.separator})
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S M N &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Determines whether an ISMN string is valid.  Similar to ISBN-13, ISMN is 13 digits beginning 979-0-... and uses the
same check digit calculations.  See https://www.ismn-international.org/download/Web_ISMN_Users_Manual_2008-6.pdf
section 2, pages 9–12.

ismn value not made part of COinS metadata because we don't have a url or isn't a COinS-defined identifier (rft.xxx)
or an identifier registered at info-uri.info (info:)

]]

local function ismn (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local text;
	local valid_ismn = true;
	local id_copy;

	id_copy = id;																-- save a copy because this testing is destructive
	id = id:gsub ('[%s-]', '');													-- remove hyphens and white space

	if 13 ~= id:len() or id:match (&quot;^9790%d*$&quot; ) == nil then					-- ISMN must be 13 digits and begin with 9790
		valid_ismn = false;
	else
		valid_ismn=is_valid_isxn_13 (id);										-- validate ISMN
	end

	--	text = internal_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,		-- use this (or external version) when there is some place to link to
	--		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id_copy, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode})

	text = table.concat (														-- because no place to link to yet
		{
		make_wikilink (link_label_make (handler), handler.label),
		handler.separator,
		id_copy
		});

	if false == valid_ismn then
		options.coins_list_t['ISMN'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS; not really necessary here because ismn not made part of COinS
		set_message ('err_bad_ismn');											-- create an error message if the ISMN is invalid
	end 
	
	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I S S N &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Validate and format an ISSN.  This code fixes the case where an editor has included an ISSN in the citation but
has separated the two groups of four digits with a space.  When that condition occurred, the resulting link looked
like this:

	|issn=0819 4327 gives: [https://www.worldcat.org/issn/0819 4327 0819 4327]	-- can't have spaces in an external link
	
This code now prevents that by inserting a hyphen at the ISSN midpoint.  It also validates the ISSN for length
and makes sure that the checkdigit agrees with the calculated value.  Incorrect length (8 digits), characters
other than 0-9 and X, or checkdigit / calculated value mismatch will all cause a check ISSN error message.  The
ISSN is always displayed with a hyphen, even if the ISSN was given as a single group of 8 digits.

]]

local function issn (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local ignore_invalid = options.accept;

	local issn_copy = id;														-- save a copy of unadulterated ISSN; use this version for display if ISSN does not validate
	local text;
	local valid_issn = true;

	id = id:gsub ('[%s-]', '');													-- remove hyphens and whitespace

	if 8 ~= id:len() or nil == id:match (&quot;^%d*X?$&quot; ) then						-- validate the ISSN: 8 digits long, containing only 0-9 or X in the last position
		valid_issn = false;														-- wrong length or improper character
	else
		valid_issn = is_valid_isxn (id, 8);										-- validate ISSN
	end

	if true == valid_issn then
		id = string.sub (id, 1, 4 ) .. &quot;-&quot; .. string.sub (id, 5 );				-- if valid, display correctly formatted version
	else
		id = issn_copy;															-- if not valid, show the invalid ISSN with error message
	end

	text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode})

	if ignore_invalid then
		set_message ('maint_issn_ignore');
	else
		if false == valid_issn then
			options.coins_list_t['ISSN'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
			set_message ('err_bad_issn', (options.hkey == 'EISSN') and 'e' or '');	-- create an error message if the ISSN is invalid
		end 
	end
	
	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; J F M &gt;-----------------------------------------------------------------------

A numerical identifier in the form nn.nnnn.nn

]]

local function jfm (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local id_num;

	id_num = id:match ('^[Jj][Ff][Mm](.*)$');									-- identifier with jfm prefix; extract identifier

	if is_set (id_num) then
		set_message ('maint_jfm_format');
	else																		-- plain number without JFM prefix
		id_num = id;															-- if here id does not have prefix
	end

	if id_num and id_num:match('^%d%d%.%d%d%d%d%.%d%d$') then
		id = id_num;															-- jfm matches pattern
	else
		set_message ('err_bad_jfm' );											-- set an error message
		options.coins_list_t['JFM'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; J S T O R &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------

Format a JSTOR with some error checking

]]

local function jstor (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local access = options.access;
	local handler = options.handler;

	if id:find ('[Jj][Ss][Tt][Oo][Rr]') or id:find ('^https?://') or id:find ('%s') then
		set_message ('err_bad_jstor');											-- set an error message
		options.coins_list_t['JSTOR'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode, access = access});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; L C C N &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Format LCCN link and do simple error checking.  LCCN is a character string 8-12 characters long. The length of
the LCCN dictates the character type of the first 1-3 characters; the rightmost eight are always digits.
https://oclc-research.github.io/infoURI-Frozen/info-uri.info/info:lccn/reg.html

length = 8 then all digits
length = 9 then lccn[1] is lowercase alpha
length = 10 then lccn[1] and lccn[2] are both lowercase alpha or both digits
length = 11 then lccn[1] is lower case alpha, lccn[2] and lccn[3] are both lowercase alpha or both digits
length = 12 then lccn[1] and lccn[2] are both lowercase alpha

]]

local function lccn (options)
	local lccn = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local err_flag;																-- presume that LCCN is valid
	local id = lccn;															-- local copy of the LCCN

	id = normalize_lccn (id);													-- get canonical form (no whitespace, hyphens, forward slashes)
	local len = id:len();														-- get the length of the LCCN

	if 8 == len then
		if id:match(&quot;[^%d]&quot;) then												-- if LCCN has anything but digits (nil if only digits)
			err_flag = set_message ('err_bad_lccn');							-- set an error message
		end
	elseif 9 == len then														-- LCCN should be adddddddd
		if nil == id:match(&quot;%l%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d&quot;) then							-- does it match our pattern?
			err_flag = set_message ('err_bad_lccn');							-- set an error message
		end
	elseif 10 == len then														-- LCCN should be aadddddddd or dddddddddd
		if id:match(&quot;[^%d]&quot;) then												-- if LCCN has anything but digits (nil if only digits) ...
			if nil == id:match(&quot;^%l%l%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d&quot;) then					-- ... see if it matches our pattern
				err_flag = set_message ('err_bad_lccn');						-- no match, set an error message
			end
		end
	elseif 11 == len then														-- LCCN should be aaadddddddd or adddddddddd
		if not (id:match(&quot;^%l%l%l%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d&quot;) or id:match(&quot;^%l%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d&quot;)) then	-- see if it matches one of our patterns
			err_flag = set_message ('err_bad_lccn');							-- no match, set an error message
		end
	elseif 12 == len then														-- LCCN should be aadddddddddd
		if not id:match(&quot;^%l%l%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d&quot;) then						-- see if it matches our pattern
			err_flag = set_message ('err_bad_lccn');							-- no match, set an error message
		end
	else
		err_flag = set_message ('err_bad_lccn');								-- wrong length, set an error message
	end

	if not is_set (err_flag) and nil ~= lccn:find ('%s') then
		err_flag = set_message ('err_bad_lccn');								-- lccn contains a space, set an error message
	end

	if is_set (err_flag) then
		options.coins_list_t['LCCN'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end

	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = lccn, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; M E D R X I V &gt;-----------------------------------------------------------------

Format medRxiv ID and do simple error checking.  Similar to later bioRxiv IDs, medRxiv IDs are prefixed with a
yyyy.mm.dd. date and suffixed with an optional version identifier.  Ealiest date accepted is 2020.01.01

The medRxiv ID is a date followed by an eight-digit number followed by an optional version indicator 'v' and one or more digits:
	https://www.medrxiv.org/content/10.1101/2020.11.16.20232009v2 -&gt; 10.1101/2020.11.16.20232009v2

]]

local function medrxiv (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local err_msg_flag = true;													-- flag; assume that there will be an error

	local patterns = {
		'%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d$',													-- simple 8-digit identifier; these should be relatively rare
		'^10%.1101/(20%d%d)%.(%d%d)%.(%d%d)%.%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%dv%d+$',			-- y.m.d. date + 8-digit identifier + version (2020-01-01 and later)
		'^10%.1101/(20%d%d)%.(%d%d)%.(%d%d)%.%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d$',				-- y.m.d. date + 8-digit identifier (2020-01-01 and later)
		}
	
	for _, pattern in ipairs (patterns) do										-- spin through the patterns looking for a match
		if id:match (pattern) then
			local y, m, d = id:match (pattern);									-- found a match, attempt to get year, month and date from the identifier

			if m then															-- m is nil when id is the 8-digit form
				if not is_valid_rxiv_date (y, m, d, 'b') then					-- validate the encoded date; 'b' for medrxiv limit
					break;														-- date fail; break out early so we don't unset the error message
				end
			end
			err_msg_flag = nil;													-- we found a match so unset the error message
			break;																-- and done
		end
	end																			-- &lt;err_msg_flag&gt; remains set here when no match

	if err_msg_flag then
		options.coins_list_t['MEDRXIV'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
		set_message ('err_bad_medrxiv');										-- and set the error message
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator,
			encode = handler.encode, access = handler.access});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; M R &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------------

A seven digit number; if not seven digits, zero-fill leading digits to make seven digits.

]]

local function mr (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local id_num;
	local id_len;

	id_num = id:match ('^[Mm][Rr](%d+)$');										-- identifier with mr prefix

	if is_set (id_num) then
		set_message ('maint_mr_format');										-- add maint cat
	else																		-- plain number without mr prefix
		id_num = id:match ('^%d+$');											-- if here id is all digits
	end

	id_len = id_num and id_num:len() or 0;
	if (7 &gt;= id_len) and (0 ~= id_len) then
		id = string.rep ('0', 7-id_len) .. id_num;								-- zero-fill leading digits
	else
		set_message ('err_bad_mr');												-- set an error message
		options.coins_list_t['MR'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; O C L C &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Validate and format an OCLC ID.  https://www.oclc.org/batchload/controlnumber.en.html {{dead link}}
archived at: https://web.archive.org/web/20161228233804/https://www.oclc.org/batchload/controlnumber.en.html

]]

local function oclc (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local number;

	if id:match('^ocm%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d$') then									-- ocm prefix and 8 digits; 001 field (12 characters)
		number = id:match('ocm(%d+)');											-- get the number
	elseif id:match('^ocn%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d$') then								-- ocn prefix and 9 digits; 001 field (12 characters)
		number = id:match('ocn(%d+)');											-- get the number
	elseif id:match('^on%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d+$') then							-- on prefix and 10 or more digits; 001 field (12 characters)
		number = id:match('^on(%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d+)$');						-- get the number
	elseif id:match('^%(OCoLC%)[1-9]%d*$') then									-- (OCoLC) prefix and variable number digits; no leading zeros; 035 field
		number = id:match('%(OCoLC%)([1-9]%d*)');								-- get the number
		if 9 &lt; number:len() then
			number = nil;														-- constrain to 1 to 9 digits; change this when OCLC issues 10-digit numbers
		end
	elseif id:match('^%d+$') then												-- no prefix
		number = id;															-- get the number
		if tonumber (id) &gt; handler.id_limit then
			number = nil;														-- unset when id value exceeds the limit
		end
	end

	if number then																-- proper format
		id = number;															-- exclude prefix, if any, from external link
	else
		set_message ('err_bad_oclc')											-- add an error message if the id is malformed
		options.coins_list_t['OCLC'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; O P E N L I B R A R Y &gt;--------------------------------------------------------

Formats an OpenLibrary link, and checks for associated errors.

]]

local function openlibrary (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local access = options.access;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local ident, code = id:gsub('^OL', ''):match(&quot;^(%d+([AMW]))$&quot;);				-- strip optional OL prefix followed immediately by digits followed by 'A', 'M', or 'W';
	local err_flag;
	local prefix = {															-- these are appended to the handler.prefix according to code
		['A']='authors/OL',
		['M']='books/OL',
		['W']='works/OL',
		['X']='OL'																-- not a code; spoof when 'code' in id is invalid
		};

	if not ident then
		code = 'X';																-- no code or id completely invalid
		ident = id;																-- copy id to ident so that we display the flawed identifier
		err_flag = set_message ('err_bad_ol');
	end

	if not is_set (err_flag) then
		options.coins_list_t['OL'] = handler.prefix .. prefix[code] .. ident;	-- experiment for ol coins
	else
		options.coins_list_t['OL'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end

	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix .. prefix[code],
		id = ident, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode,
		access = access});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; O S T I &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Format OSTI and do simple error checking. OSTIs are sequential numbers beginning at 1 and counting up.  This
code checks the OSTI to see that it contains only digits and is less than test_limit specified in the configuration;
the value in test_limit will need to be updated periodically as more OSTIs are issued.

NB. 1018 is the lowest OSTI number found in the wild (so far) and resolving OK on the OSTI site

]]

local function osti (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local access = options.access;
	local handler = options.handler;

	if id:match(&quot;[^%d]&quot;) then													-- if OSTI has anything but digits
		set_message ('err_bad_osti');											-- set an error message
		options.coins_list_t['OSTI'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	else																		-- OSTI is only digits
		local id_num = tonumber (id);											-- convert id to a number for range testing
		if 1018 &gt; id_num or handler.id_limit &lt; id_num then						-- if OSTI is outside test limit boundaries
			set_message ('err_bad_osti');										-- set an error message
			options.coins_list_t['OSTI'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
		end
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode, access = access});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; P M C &gt;------------------------------------------------------------------------

Format a PMC, do simple error checking, and check for embargoed articles.

The embargo parameter takes a date for a value. If the embargo date is in the future the PMC identifier will not
be linked to the article.  If the embargo date is today or in the past, or if it is empty or omitted, then the
PMC identifier is linked to the article through the link at cfg.id_handlers['PMC'].prefix.

PMC embargo date testing is done in function is_embargoed () which is called earlier because when the citation
has |pmc=&lt;value&gt; but does not have a |url= then |title= is linked with the PMC link.  Function is_embargoed ()
returns the embargo date if the PMC article is still embargoed, otherwise it returns an empty string.

PMCs are sequential numbers beginning at 1 and counting up.  This code checks the PMC to see that it contains only digits and is less
than test_limit; the value in local variable test_limit will need to be updated periodically as more PMCs are issued.

]]

local function pmc (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local embargo = options.Embargo;											-- TODO: lowercase?
	local handler = options.handler;
	local err_flag;
	local id_num;
	local text;

	id_num = id:match ('^[Pp][Mm][Cc](%d+)$');									-- identifier with PMC prefix

	if is_set (id_num) then
		set_message ('maint_pmc_format');
	else																		-- plain number without PMC prefix
		id_num = id:match ('^%d+$');											-- if here id is all digits
	end

	if is_set (id_num) then														-- id_num has a value so test it
		id_num = tonumber (id_num);												-- convert id_num to a number for range testing
		if 1 &gt; id_num or handler.id_limit &lt; id_num then							-- if PMC is outside test limit boundaries
			err_flag = set_message ('err_bad_pmc');								-- set an error message
		else
			id = tostring (id_num);												-- make sure id is a string
		end
	else																		-- when id format incorrect
		err_flag = set_message ('err_bad_pmc');									-- set an error message
	end
	
	if is_set (embargo) and is_set (is_embargoed (embargo)) then				-- is PMC is still embargoed?
		text = table.concat (													-- still embargoed so no external link
			{
			make_wikilink (link_label_make (handler), handler.label),
			handler.separator,
			id,
			});
	else
		text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,	-- no embargo date or embargo has expired, ok to link to article
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode, access = handler.access,
			auto_link = not err_flag and 'pmc' or nil							-- do not auto-link when PMC has error
			});
	end

	if err_flag then
		options.coins_list_t['PMC'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end

	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; P M I D &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Format PMID and do simple error checking.  PMIDs are sequential numbers beginning at 1 and counting up.  This
code checks the PMID to see that it contains only digits and is less than test_limit; the value in local variable
test_limit will need to be updated periodically as more PMIDs are issued.

]]

local function pmid (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;

	if id:match(&quot;[^%d]&quot;) then													-- if PMID has anything but digits
		set_message ('err_bad_pmid');											-- set an error message
		options.coins_list_t['PMID'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	else																		-- PMID is only digits
		local id_num = tonumber (id);											-- convert id to a number for range testing
		if 1 &gt; id_num or handler.id_limit &lt; id_num then							-- if PMID is outside test limit boundaries
			set_message ('err_bad_pmid');										-- set an error message
			options.coins_list_t['PMID'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
		end
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; R F C &gt;------------------------------------------------------------------------

Format RFC and do simple error checking. RFCs are sequential numbers beginning at 1 and counting up.  This
code checks the RFC to see that it contains only digits and is less than test_limit specified in the configuration;
the value in test_limit will need to be updated periodically as more RFCs are issued.

An index of all RFCs is here: https://tools.ietf.org/rfc/

]]

local function rfc (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;

	if id:match(&quot;[^%d]&quot;) then													-- if RFC has anything but digits
		set_message ('err_bad_rfc');											-- set an error message
		options.coins_list_t['RFC'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	else																		-- RFC is only digits
		local id_num = tonumber (id);											-- convert id to a number for range testing
		if 1 &gt; id_num or handler.id_limit &lt; id_num then							-- if RFC is outside test limit boundaries
			set_message ('err_bad_rfc');										-- set an error message
			options.coins_list_t['RFC'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
		end
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode, access = handler.access});
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S 2 C I D &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------

Format an S2CID, do simple error checking

S2CIDs are sequential numbers beginning at 1 and counting up.  This code checks the S2CID to see that it is only
digits and is less than test_limit; the value in local variable test_limit will need to be updated periodically
as more S2CIDs are issued.

]]

local function s2cid (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local access = options.access;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local id_num;
	local text;
	
	id_num = id:match ('^[1-9]%d*$');											-- id must be all digits; must not begin with 0; no open access flag

 	if is_set (id_num) then														-- id_num has a value so test it
		id_num = tonumber (id_num);												-- convert id_num to a number for range testing
		if handler.id_limit &lt; id_num then										-- if S2CID is outside test limit boundaries
			set_message ('err_bad_s2cid');										-- set an error message
			options.coins_list_t['S2CID'] = nil;								-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
		end
	else																		-- when id format incorrect
		set_message ('err_bad_s2cid');											-- set an error message
		options.coins_list_t['S2CID'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end

	text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode, access = access});

	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S B N &gt;------------------------------------------------------------------------

9-digit form of ISBN-10; uses same check-digit validation when SBN is prefixed with an additional '0' to make 10 digits

sbn value not made part of COinS metadata because we don't have a url or isn't a COinS-defined identifier (rft.xxx)
or an identifier registered at info-uri.info (info:)

]]

local function sbn (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local ignore_invalid = options.accept;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local function return_result (check, err_type)								-- local function to handle the various returns
		local SBN = internal_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, redirect = handler.redirect,
						prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator});
		if not ignore_invalid then												-- if not ignoring SBN errors
			if not check then
				options.coins_list_t['SBN'] = nil;								-- when error, unset so not included in COinS; not really necessary here because sbn not made part of COinS
				set_message ('err_bad_sbn', {err_type});						-- display an error message
				return SBN; 
			end
		else
			set_message ('maint_isbn_ignore');									-- add a maint category even when there is no error (ToDo: Possibly switch to separate message for SBNs only)
		end
		return SBN;
	end

	if id:match ('[^%s-0-9X]') then
		return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.char);					-- fail if SBN contains anything but digits, hyphens, or the uppercase X
	end

	local ident = id:gsub ('[%s-]', '');										-- remove hyphens and whitespace; they interfere with the rest of the tests

	if  9 ~= ident:len() then
		return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.length);					-- fail if incorrect length
	end

	if ident:match ('^%d*X?$') == nil then
		return return_result (false, cfg.err_msg_supl.form);					-- fail if SBN has 'X' anywhere but last position
	end

	return return_result (is_valid_isxn ('0' .. ident, 10), cfg.err_msg_supl.check);
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S S R N &gt;----------------------------------------------------------------------

Format an SSRN, do simple error checking

SSRNs are sequential numbers beginning at 100? and counting up.  This code checks the SSRN to see that it is
only digits and is greater than 99 and less than test_limit; the value in local variable test_limit will need
to be updated periodically as more SSRNs are issued.

]]

local function ssrn (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;
	local id_num;
	local text;
	
	id_num = id:match ('^%d+$');												-- id must be all digits

	if is_set (id_num) then														-- id_num has a value so test it
		id_num = tonumber (id_num);												-- convert id_num to a number for range testing
		if 100 &gt; id_num or handler.id_limit &lt; id_num then						-- if SSRN is outside test limit boundaries
			set_message ('err_bad_ssrn');										-- set an error message
			options.coins_list_t['SSRN'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
		end
	else																		-- when id format incorrect
		set_message ('err_bad_ssrn');											-- set an error message
		options.coins_list_t['SSRN'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	
	text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode, access = options.access});

	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; U S E N E T _ I D &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

Validate and format a usenet message id.  Simple error checking, looks for 'id-left@id-right' not enclosed in
'&lt;' and/or '&gt;' angle brackets.

]]

local function usenet_id (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;

	local text = external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
		prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode})
 
	if not id:match('^.+@.+$') or not id:match('^[^&lt;].*[^&gt;]$') then				-- doesn't have '@' or has one or first or last character is '&lt; or '&gt;'
		set_message ('err_bad_usenet_id')										-- add an error message if the message id is invalid
		options.coins_list_t['USENETID'] = nil;									-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end 
	
	return text;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; Z B L &gt;-----------------------------------------------------------------------

A numerical identifier in the form nnnn.nnnnn - leading zeros in the first quartet optional

format described here: http://emis.mi.sanu.ac.rs/ZMATH/zmath/en/help/search/

temporary format is apparently eight digits.  Anything else is an error

]]

local function zbl (options)
	local id = options.id;
	local handler = options.handler;

	if id:match('^%d%d%d%d%d%d%d%d$') then										-- is this identifier using temporary format?
		set_message ('maint_zbl');												-- yes, add maint cat
	elseif not id:match('^%d?%d?%d?%d%.%d%d%d%d%d$') then						-- not temporary, is it normal format?
		set_message ('err_bad_zbl');											-- no, set an error message
		options.coins_list_t['ZBL'] = nil;										-- when error, unset so not included in COinS
	end
	
	return external_link_id ({link = handler.link, label = handler.label, q = handler.q, redirect = handler.redirect,
			prefix = handler.prefix, id = id, separator = handler.separator, encode = handler.encode});
end


--============================&lt;&lt; I N T E R F A C E   F U N C T I O N S &gt;&gt;==========================================

--[[--------------------------&lt; E X T R A C T _ I D S &gt;------------------------------------------------------------

Populates ID table from arguments using configuration settings. Loops through cfg.id_handlers and searches args for
any of the parameters listed in each cfg.id_handlers['...'].parameters.  If found, adds the parameter and value to
the identifier list.  Emits redundant error message if more than one alias exists in args

]]

local function extract_ids (args)
	local id_list = {};															-- list of identifiers found in args
	for k, v in pairs (cfg.id_handlers) do										-- k is uppercase identifier name as index to cfg.id_handlers; e.g. cfg.id_handlers['ISBN'], v is a table
		v = select_one (args, v.parameters, 'err_redundant_parameters' );		-- v.parameters is a table of aliases for k; here we pick one from args if present
		if is_set (v) then id_list[k] = v; end									-- if found in args, add identifier to our list
	end
	return id_list;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X T R A C T _ I D _ A C C E S S _ L E V E L S &gt;--------------------------------------

Fetches custom id access levels from arguments using configuration settings. Parameters which have a predefined access
level (e.g. arxiv) do not use this function as they are directly rendered as free without using an additional parameter.

returns a table of k/v pairs where k is same as the identifier's key in cfg.id_handlers and v is the assigned (valid) keyword

access-level values must match the case used in cfg.keywords_lists['id-access'] (lowercase unless there is some special reason for something else)

]]

local function extract_id_access_levels (args, id_list)
	local id_accesses_list = {};
	for k, v in pairs (cfg.id_handlers) do
		local access_param = v.custom_access;									-- name of identifier's access-level parameter
		if is_set (access_param) then
			local access_level = args[access_param];							-- get the assigned value if there is one
			if is_set (access_level) then
				if not in_array (access_level, cfg.keywords_lists['id-access']) then	-- exact match required
					set_message ('err_invalid_param_val', {access_param, access_level});	
					access_level = nil;											-- invalid so unset
				end
				if not is_set (id_list[k]) then									-- identifier access-level must have a matching identifier
					set_message ('err_param_access_requires_param', {k:lower()});	-- parameter name is uppercase in cfg.id_handlers (k); lowercase for error message
				end
				id_accesses_list[k] = cfg.keywords_xlate[access_level];			-- get translated keyword
			end
		end
	end
	return id_accesses_list;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; B U I L D _ I D _ L I S T &gt;----------------------------------------------------

render the identifiers into a sorted sequence table

&lt;ID_list_coins_t&gt; is a table of k/v pairs where k is same as key in cfg.id_handlers and v is the assigned value
&lt;options_t&gt; is a table of various k/v option pairs provided in the call to new_build_id_list();
	modified by	this function and passed to all identifier rendering functions
&lt;access_levels_t&gt; is a table of k/v pairs where k is same as key in cfg.id_handlers and v is the assigned value (if valid)

returns a sequence table of sorted (by hkey - 'handler' key) rendered identifier strings

]]

local function build_id_list (ID_list_coins_t, options_t, access_levels_t)
	local ID_list_t = {};
	local accept;
	local func_map = {															--function map points to functions associated with hkey identifier
		['ARXIV'] = arxiv,
		['ASIN'] = asin,
		['BIBCODE'] = bibcode,
		['BIORXIV'] = biorxiv,
		['CITESEERX'] = citeseerx,
		['DOI'] = doi,
		['EISSN'] = issn,
		['HDL'] = hdl,
		['ISBN'] = isbn,
		['ISMN'] = ismn,
		['ISSN'] = issn,
		['JFM'] = jfm,
		['JSTOR'] = jstor,
		['LCCN'] = lccn,
		['MEDRXIV'] = medrxiv,
		['MR'] = mr,
		['OCLC'] = oclc,
		['OL'] = openlibrary,
		['OSTI'] = osti,
		['PMC'] = pmc,
		['PMID'] = pmid,
		['RFC']  = rfc,
		['S2CID'] = s2cid,
		['SBN'] = sbn,
		['SSRN'] = ssrn,
		['USENETID'] = usenet_id,
		['ZBL'] = zbl,
		}

	for hkey, v in pairs (ID_list_coins_t) do
		v, accept = has_accept_as_written (v);									-- remove accept-as-written markup if present; accept is boolean true when markup removed; false else
																				-- every function gets the options table with value v and accept boolean
		options_t.hkey = hkey;													-- ~/Configuration handler key
		options_t.id = v;														-- add that identifier value to the options table
		options_t.accept = accept;												-- add the accept boolean flag
		options_t.access = access_levels_t[hkey];								-- add the access level for those that have an |&lt;identifier-access= parameter
		options_t.handler = cfg.id_handlers[hkey];
		options_t.coins_list_t = ID_list_coins_t;								-- pointer to ID_list_coins_t; for |asin= and |ol=; also to keep erroneous values out of the citation's metadata
		options_t.coins_list_t[hkey] = v;										-- id value without accept-as-written markup for metadata
		
		if options_t.handler.access and not in_array (options_t.handler.access, cfg.keywords_lists['id-access']) then
			error (cfg.messages['unknown_ID_access'] .. options_t.handler.access);	-- here when handler access key set to a value not listed in list of allowed id access keywords
		end

		if func_map[hkey] then
			local id_text = func_map[hkey] (options_t);							-- call the function to get identifier text and any error message
			table.insert (ID_list_t, {hkey, id_text});							-- add identifier text to the output sequence table
		else
			error (cfg.messages['unknown_ID_key'] .. hkey);						-- here when func_map doesn't have a function for hkey
		end
	end

	local function comp (a, b)													-- used by following table.sort()
		return a[1]:lower() &lt; b[1]:lower();										-- sort by hkey
	end

	table.sort (ID_list_t, comp);												-- sequence table of tables sort	
	for k, v in ipairs (ID_list_t) do											-- convert sequence table of tables to simple sequence table of strings
		ID_list_t[k] = v[2];													-- v[2] is the identifier rendering from the call to the various functions in func_map{}
	end
	
	return ID_list_t;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; O P T I O N S _ C H E C K &gt;----------------------------------------------------

check that certain option parameters have their associated identifier parameters with values

&lt;ID_list_coins_t&gt; is a table of k/v pairs where k is same as key in cfg.id_handlers and v is the assigned value
&lt;ID_support_t&gt; is a sequence table of tables created in citation0() where each subtable has four elements:
	[1] is the support parameter's assigned value; empty string if not set
	[2] is a text string same as key in cfg.id_handlers
	[3] is cfg.error_conditions key used to create error message
	[4] is original ID support parameter name used to create error message
	
returns nothing; on error emits an appropriate error message

]]

local function options_check (ID_list_coins_t, ID_support_t)
	for _, v in ipairs (ID_support_t) do
		if is_set (v[1]) and not ID_list_coins_t[v[2]] then						-- when support parameter has a value but matching identifier parameter is missing or empty
			set_message (v[3], (v[4]));											-- emit the appropriate error message
		end
	end
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; I D E N T I F I E R _ L I S T S _ G E T &gt;--------------------------------------

Creates two identifier lists: a k/v table of identifiers and their values to be used locally and for use in the
COinS metadata, and a sequence table of the rendered identifier strings that will be included in the rendered
citation.

]]

local function identifier_lists_get (args_t, options_t, ID_support_t)
	local ID_list_coins_t = extract_ids (args_t);										-- get a table of identifiers and their values for use locally and for use in COinS
	options_check (ID_list_coins_t, ID_support_t);										-- ID support parameters must have matching identifier parameters 
	local ID_access_levels_t = extract_id_access_levels (args_t, ID_list_coins_t);		-- get a table of identifier access levels
	local ID_list_t = build_id_list (ID_list_coins_t, options_t, ID_access_levels_t);	-- get a sequence table of rendered identifier strings

	return ID_list_t, ID_list_coins_t;											-- return the tables
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E T _ S E L E C T E D _ M O D U L E S &gt;--------------------------------------

Sets local cfg table and imported functions table to same (live or sandbox) as that used by the other modules.

]]

local function set_selected_modules (cfg_table_ptr, utilities_page_ptr)
	cfg = cfg_table_ptr;

	has_accept_as_written = utilities_page_ptr.has_accept_as_written;			-- import functions from select Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities module
	is_set = utilities_page_ptr.is_set;								
	in_array = utilities_page_ptr.in_array;
	set_message = utilities_page_ptr.set_message;
	select_one = utilities_page_ptr.select_one;
	substitute = utilities_page_ptr.substitute;
	make_wikilink = utilities_page_ptr.make_wikilink;

	z = utilities_page_ptr.z;													-- table of tables in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T E D   F U N C T I O N S &gt;------------------------------------------
]]

return {
	auto_link_urls = auto_link_urls,											-- table of identifier URLs to be used when auto-linking |title=
	
	identifier_lists_get = identifier_lists_get,								-- experiment to replace individual calls to build_id_list(), extract_ids, extract_id_access_levels
	is_embargoed = is_embargoed;
	set_selected_modules = set_selected_modules;
	}</text>
      <sha1>6uzqpmnr4f7kbilmaopc20fiwrqbywt</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>模組:Citation/CS1/COinS</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>827</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12522</id>
      <timestamp>2024-07-15T08:31:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>42.119.242.132</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「--[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;-------------------------------------- ]]  local has_accept_as_written, is_set, in_array, remove_wiki_link, strip_apostrophe_markup;	-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities  local cfg;																		-- table of configuration tables that are defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration   --[[--------------------------&lt; M A K E _ C O I N S _ T I T L E &gt;---------------------------…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12522</origin>
      <model>Scribunto</model>
      <format>text/plain</format>
      <text bytes="16572" sha1="9bz6mvz0mzk8yv0c75eqy8rm41au7y9" xml:space="preserve">--[[--------------------------&lt; F O R W A R D   D E C L A R A T I O N S &gt;--------------------------------------
]]

local has_accept_as_written, is_set, in_array, remove_wiki_link, strip_apostrophe_markup;	-- functions in Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities

local cfg;																		-- table of configuration tables that are defined in Module:Citation/CS1/Configuration


--[[--------------------------&lt; M A K E _ C O I N S _ T I T L E &gt;----------------------------------------------

Makes a title for COinS from Title and / or ScriptTitle (or any other name-script pairs)

Apostrophe markup (bold, italics) is stripped from each value so that the COinS metadata isn't corrupted with strings
of %27%27...

]]

local function make_coins_title (title, script)
	title = has_accept_as_written (title);
	if is_set (title) then
		title = strip_apostrophe_markup (title);								-- strip any apostrophe markup
	else
		title = '';																-- if not set, make sure title is an empty string
	end
	if is_set (script) then
		script = script:gsub ('^%l%l%s*:%s*', '');								-- remove language prefix if present (script value may now be empty string)
		script = strip_apostrophe_markup (script);								-- strip any apostrophe markup
	else
		script = '';															-- if not set, make sure script is an empty string
	end
	if is_set (title) and is_set (script) then
		script = ' ' .. script;													-- add a space before we concatenate
	end
	return title .. script;														-- return the concatenation
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E S C A P E _ L U A _ M A G I C _ C H A R S &gt;----------------------------------

Returns a string where all of Lua's magic characters have been escaped.  This is important because functions like
string.gsub() treat their pattern and replace strings as patterns, not literal strings.
]]

local function escape_lua_magic_chars (argument)
	argument = argument:gsub(&quot;%%&quot;, &quot;%%%%&quot;);										-- replace % with %%
	argument = argument:gsub(&quot;([%^%$%(%)%.%[%]%*%+%-%?])&quot;, &quot;%%%1&quot;);				-- replace all other Lua magic pattern characters
	return argument;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; G E T _ C O I N S _ P A G E S &gt;------------------------------------------------

Extract page numbers from external wikilinks in any of the |page=, |pages=, or |at= parameters for use in COinS.

]]

local function get_coins_pages (pages)
	local pattern;
	if not is_set (pages) then return pages; end								-- if no page numbers then we're done
	
	while true do
		pattern = pages:match(&quot;%[(%w*:?//[^ ]+%s+)[%w%d].*%]&quot;);					-- pattern is the opening bracket, the URL and following space(s): &quot;[url &quot;
		if nil == pattern then break; end										-- no more URLs
		pattern = escape_lua_magic_chars (pattern);								-- pattern is not a literal string; escape Lua's magic pattern characters
		pages = pages:gsub(pattern, &quot;&quot;);										-- remove as many instances of pattern as possible
	end
	pages = pages:gsub(&quot;[%[%]]&quot;, &quot;&quot;);											-- remove the brackets
	pages = pages:gsub(&quot;–&quot;, &quot;-&quot; );												-- replace endashes with hyphens
	pages = pages:gsub(&quot;&amp;%w+;&quot;, &quot;-&quot; );											-- and replace HTML entities (&amp;ndash; etc.) with hyphens; do we need to replace numerical entities like &amp;#32; and the like?
	return pages;
end


--[=[-------------------------&lt; C O I N S _ R E P L A C E _ M A T H _ S T R I P M A R K E R &gt;------------------

There are three options for math markup rendering that depend on the editor's math preference settings.  These
settings are at [[Special:Preferences#mw-prefsection-rendering]] and are
	PNG images
	TeX source
	MathML with SVG or PNG fallback

All three are heavy with HTML and CSS which doesn't belong in the metadata.

Without this function, the metadata saved in the raw wikitext contained the rendering determined by the settings
of the last editor to save the page.

This function gets the rendered form of an equation according to the editor's preference before the page is saved.  It
then searches the rendering for the text equivalent of the rendered equation and replaces the rendering with that so
that the page is saved without extraneous HTML/CSS markup and with a reasonably readable text form of the equation.

When a replacement is made, this function returns true and the value with replacement; otherwise false and the initial
value.  To replace multipe equations it is necessary to call this function from within a loop.

]=]

local function coins_replace_math_stripmarker (value)
	local stripmarker = cfg.stripmarkers['math'];
	local rendering = value:match (stripmarker);								-- is there a math stripmarker

	if not rendering then														-- when value doesn't have a math stripmarker, abandon this test
		return false, value;
	end
	
	rendering = mw.text.unstripNoWiki (rendering);								-- convert stripmarker into rendered value (or nil? ''? when math render error)
	
	if rendering:match ('alt=&quot;[^&quot;]+&quot;') then										-- if PNG math option
		rendering = rendering:match ('alt=&quot;([^&quot;]+)&quot;');							-- extract just the math text
	elseif rendering:match ('$%s+.+%s+%$') then									-- if TeX math option; $ is legit character that is escapes as \$
		rendering = rendering:match ('$%s+(.+)%s+%$')							-- extract just the math text
	elseif rendering:match ('&lt;annotation[^&gt;]+&gt;.+&lt;/annotation&gt;') then			-- if MathML math option
		rendering = rendering:match ('&lt;annotation[^&gt;]+&gt;(.+)&lt;/annotation&gt;')		-- extract just the math text
	else
		return false, value;													-- had math stripmarker but not one of the three defined forms
	end
	
	return true, value:gsub (stripmarker, rendering, 1);
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C O I N S _ C L E A N U P &gt;----------------------------------------------------

Cleanup parameter values for the metadata by removing or replacing invisible characters and certain HTML entities.

2015-12-10: there is a bug in mw.text.unstripNoWiki ().  It replaces math stripmarkers with the appropriate content
when it shouldn't.  See https://phabricator.wikimedia.org/T121085 and Wikipedia_talk:Lua#stripmarkers_and_mw.text.unstripNoWiki.28.29

TODO: move the replacement patterns and replacement values into a table in /Configuration similar to the invisible
characters table?

]]

local function coins_cleanup (value)
	local replaced = true;														-- default state to get the do loop running

	while replaced do															-- loop until all math stripmarkers replaced
		replaced, value = coins_replace_math_stripmarker (value);				-- replace math stripmarker with text representation of the equation
	end

	value = value:gsub (cfg.stripmarkers['math'], &quot;MATH RENDER ERROR&quot;);			-- one or more couldn't be replaced; insert vague error message
	
	value = mw.text.unstripNoWiki (value);										-- replace nowiki stripmarkers with their content
	value = value:gsub ('&lt;span class=&quot;nowrap&quot; style=&quot;padding%-left:0%.1em;&quot;&gt;&amp;#39;(s?)&lt;/span&gt;', &quot;'%1&quot;);	-- replace {{'}} or {{'s}} with simple apostrophe or apostrophe-s
	value = value:gsub ('&amp;nbsp;', ' ');											-- replace &amp;nbsp; entity with plain space
	value = value:gsub ('\226\128\138', ' ');									-- replace hair space with plain space
	if not mw.ustring.find (value, cfg.indic_script) then						-- don't remove zero-width joiner characters from indic script
		value = value:gsub ('&amp;zwj;', '');										-- remove &amp;zwj; entities
		value = mw.ustring.gsub (value, '[\226\128\141\226\128\139\194\173]', '');	-- remove zero-width joiner, zero-width space, soft hyphen
	end
	value = value:gsub ('[\009\010\013 ]+', ' ');								-- replace horizontal tab, line feed, carriage return with plain space
	return value;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; C O I N S &gt;--------------------------------------------------------------------

COinS metadata (see &lt;http://ocoins.info/&gt;) allows automated tools to parse the citation information.

]]

local function COinS(data, class)
	if 'table' ~= type(data) or nil == next(data) then
		return '';
	end

	for k, v in pairs (data) do													-- spin through all of the metadata parameter values
		if 'ID_list' ~= k and 'Authors' ~= k then								-- except the ID_list and Author tables (author nowiki stripmarker done when Author table processed)
			data[k] = coins_cleanup (v);
		end
	end

	local ctx_ver = &quot;Z39.88-2004&quot;;
	
	-- treat table strictly as an array with only set values.
	local OCinSoutput = setmetatable( {}, {
		__newindex = function(self, key, value)
			if is_set(value) then
				rawset( self, #self+1, table.concat{ key, '=', mw.uri.encode( remove_wiki_link( value ) ) } );
			end
		end
	});
	
	if in_array (class, {'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx', 'medrxiv', 'ssrn', 'journal', 'news', 'magazine'}) or
		(in_array (class, {'conference', 'interview', 'map', 'press release', 'web'}) and is_set(data.Periodical)) or
		('citation' == class and is_set(data.Periodical) and not is_set (data.Encyclopedia)) then
			OCinSoutput.rft_val_fmt = &quot;info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&quot;;			-- journal metadata identifier
			if in_array (class, {'arxiv', 'biorxiv', 'citeseerx', 'medrxiv', 'ssrn'}) then	-- set genre according to the type of citation template we are rendering
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = &quot;preprint&quot;;							-- cite arxiv, cite biorxiv, cite citeseerx, cite medrxiv, cite ssrn
			elseif 'conference' == class then
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = &quot;conference&quot;;						-- cite conference (when Periodical set)
			elseif 'web' == class then
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = &quot;unknown&quot;;							-- cite web (when Periodical set)
			else
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = &quot;article&quot;;							-- journal and other 'periodical' articles
			end
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.jtitle&quot;] = data.Periodical;						-- journal only
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.atitle&quot;] = data.Title;								-- 'periodical' article titles

																				-- these used only for periodicals
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.ssn&quot;] = data.Season;								-- keywords: winter, spring, summer, fall
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.quarter&quot;] = data.Quarter;							-- single digits 1-&gt;first quarter, etc.
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.chron&quot;] = data.Chron;								-- free-form date components
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.volume&quot;] = data.Volume;							-- does not apply to books
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.issue&quot;] = data.Issue;
			OCinSoutput['rft.artnum'] = data.ArticleNumber;						-- {{cite journal}} only
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.pages&quot;] = data.Pages;								-- also used in book metadata

	elseif 'thesis' ~= class then												-- all others except cite thesis are treated as 'book' metadata; genre distinguishes
		OCinSoutput.rft_val_fmt = &quot;info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:book&quot;;					-- book metadata identifier
		if 'report' == class or 'techreport' == class then						-- cite report and cite techreport
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = &quot;report&quot;;
		elseif 'conference' == class then										-- cite conference when Periodical not set
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = &quot;conference&quot;;
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.atitle&quot;] = data.Chapter;							-- conference paper as chapter in proceedings (book)
		elseif in_array (class, {'book', 'citation', 'encyclopaedia', 'interview', 'map'}) then
			if is_set (data.Chapter) then
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = &quot;bookitem&quot;;
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.atitle&quot;] = data.Chapter;						-- book chapter, encyclopedia article, interview in a book, or map title
			else
				if 'map' == class or 'interview' == class then
					OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = 'unknown';						-- standalone map or interview
				else
					OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = 'book';							-- book and encyclopedia
				end
			end
		else	-- {'audio-visual', 'AV-media-notes', 'DVD-notes', 'episode', 'interview', 'mailinglist', 'map', 'newsgroup', 'podcast', 'press release', 'serial', 'sign', 'speech', 'web'}
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.genre&quot;] = &quot;unknown&quot;;
		end
		OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.btitle&quot;] = data.Title;									-- book only
		OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.place&quot;] = data.PublicationPlace;						-- book only
		OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.series&quot;] = data.Series;								-- book only
		OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.pages&quot;] = data.Pages;									-- book, journal
		OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.edition&quot;] = data.Edition;								-- book only
		OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.pub&quot;] = data.PublisherName;							-- book and dissertation
		
	else																		-- cite thesis
		OCinSoutput.rft_val_fmt = &quot;info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&quot;;			-- dissertation metadata identifier
		OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.title&quot;] = data.Title;									-- dissertation (also patent but that is not yet supported)
		OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.degree&quot;] = data.Degree;								-- dissertation only
		OCinSoutput['rft.inst'] = data.PublisherName;							-- book and dissertation
	end
	-- NB. Not currently supported are &quot;info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:patent&quot;, &quot;info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dc&quot;, &quot;info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:sch_svc&quot;, &quot;info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&quot;
																				-- and now common parameters (as much as possible)
	OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.date&quot;] = data.Date;										-- book, journal, dissertation

	for k, v in pairs( data.ID_list ) do										-- what to do about these? For now assume that they are common to all?
		if k == 'ISBN' then v = v:gsub( &quot;[^-0-9X]&quot;, &quot;&quot; ); end
		local id = cfg.id_handlers[k].COinS;
		if string.sub( id or &quot;&quot;, 1, 4 ) == 'info' then							-- for ids that are in the info:registry
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft_id&quot;] = table.concat{ id, &quot;/&quot;, v };
		elseif string.sub (id or &quot;&quot;, 1, 3 ) == 'rft' then						-- for isbn, issn, eissn, etc. that have defined COinS keywords
			OCinSoutput[ id ] = v;
		elseif 'url' == id then													-- for urls that are assembled in ~/Identifiers; |asin= and |ol=
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft_id&quot;] = table.concat ({data.ID_list[k], &quot;#id-name=&quot;, cfg.id_handlers[k].label});
		elseif id then															-- when cfg.id_handlers[k].COinS is not nil so urls created here
			OCinSoutput[&quot;rft_id&quot;] = table.concat{ cfg.id_handlers[k].prefix, v, cfg.id_handlers[k].suffix or '', &quot;#id-name=&quot;, cfg.id_handlers[k].label };	-- others; provide a URL and indicate identifier name as #fragment (human-readable, but transparent to browsers)
		end
	end

	local last, first;
	for k, v in ipairs( data.Authors ) do
		last, first = coins_cleanup (v.last), coins_cleanup (v.first or '');	-- replace any nowiki stripmarkers, non-printing or invisible characters
		if k == 1 then															-- for the first author name only
			if is_set(last) and is_set(first) then								-- set these COinS values if |first= and |last= specify the first author name
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.aulast&quot;] = last;								-- book, journal, dissertation
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.aufirst&quot;] = first;								-- book, journal, dissertation
			elseif is_set(last) then 
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.au&quot;] = last;									-- book, journal, dissertation -- otherwise use this form for the first name
			end
		else																	-- for all other authors
			if is_set(last) and is_set(first) then
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.au&quot;] = table.concat{ last, &quot;, &quot;, first };		-- book, journal, dissertation
			elseif is_set(last) then
				OCinSoutput[&quot;rft.au&quot;] = last;									-- book, journal, dissertation
			end
			-- TODO: At present we do not report &quot;et al.&quot;. Add anything special if this condition applies?
		end
	end

	OCinSoutput.rft_id = data.URL;
	OCinSoutput.rfr_id = table.concat{ &quot;info:sid/&quot;, mw.site.server:match( &quot;[^/]*$&quot; ), &quot;:&quot;, data.RawPage };

	-- TODO: Add optional extra info:
	-- rfr_dat=#REVISION&lt;version&gt; (referrer private data)
	-- ctx_id=&lt;data.RawPage&gt;#&lt;ref&gt; (identifier for the context object)
	-- ctx_tim=&lt;ts&gt; (timestamp in format yyyy-mm-ddThh:mm:ssTZD or yyyy-mm-dd)
	-- ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8 (character encoding)
	
	OCinSoutput = setmetatable( OCinSoutput, nil );

	-- sort with version string always first, and combine.
	-- table.sort( OCinSoutput );
	table.insert( OCinSoutput, 1, &quot;ctx_ver=&quot; .. ctx_ver ); -- such as &quot;Z39.88-2004&quot;
	return table.concat(OCinSoutput, &quot;&amp;&quot;);
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; S E T _ S E L E C T E D _ M O D U L E S &gt;--------------------------------------

Sets local cfg table and imported functions table to same (live or sandbox) as that used by the other modules.

]]

local function set_selected_modules (cfg_table_ptr, utilities_page_ptr)
	cfg = cfg_table_ptr;

	has_accept_as_written = utilities_page_ptr.has_accept_as_written;			-- import functions from selected Module:Citation/CS1/Utilities module
	is_set = utilities_page_ptr.is_set;
	in_array = utilities_page_ptr.in_array;
	remove_wiki_link = utilities_page_ptr.remove_wiki_link;
	strip_apostrophe_markup = utilities_page_ptr.strip_apostrophe_markup;
end


--[[--------------------------&lt; E X P O R T E D   F U N C T I O N S &gt;------------------------------------------
]]

return {
	make_coins_title = make_coins_title,
	get_coins_pages = get_coins_pages,
	COinS = COinS,
	set_selected_modules = set_selected_modules,
	}</text>
      <sha1>9bz6mvz0mzk8yv0c75eqy8rm41au7y9</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>模組:Citation/CS1/styles.css</title>
    <ns>828</ns>
    <id>828</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12562</id>
      <parentid>12523</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-08T15:38:07Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Jon (WMF)</username>
        <id>1888</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Fixes [[phab:T369874]]. Please see talk page and do not revert without discussion. See also [[meta:User:Jon_(WMF)/Edit_for_dark_mode_support]]</comment>
      <origin>12562</origin>
      <model>sanitized-css</model>
      <format>text/css</format>
      <text bytes="4414" sha1="cfi06ctzw90t9o0xx77fakj2k7f6896" xml:space="preserve">/* Protection icon
the following line controls the page-protection icon in the upper right corner
it must remain within this comment
	{{sandbox other||{{pp-template}}}}

*/

/* Overrides
Some wikis do not override user agent default styles for HTML &lt;cite&gt; and &lt;q&gt;,
unlike en.wp. On en.wp, keep these the same as [[MediaWiki:Common.css]].

The word-wrap and :target styles were moved here from Common.css.
On en.wp, keep these the same as [[Template:Citation/styles.css]].
*/
cite.citation {
	font-style: inherit; /* Remove italics for &lt;cite&gt; */
	/* Break long urls, etc., rather than overflowing box */
	word-wrap: break-word;
}

.citation q {
	quotes: '&quot;' '&quot;' &quot;'&quot; &quot;'&quot;; /* Straight quote marks for &lt;q&gt; */
}

/* Highlight linked elements (such as clicked references) in blue */
.citation:target {
	/* ignore the linter - all browsers of interest implement this */
	background-color: rgba(0, 127, 255, 0.133);
}

/* ID and URL access
Both core and Common.css have selector .mw-parser-output a[href$=&quot;.pdf&quot;].external
for PDF pages. All TemplateStyles pages are hoisted to .mw-parser-output. We need
to have specificity equal to a[href$=&quot;.pdf&quot;].external for locks to override PDF icon.
That's essentially 2 classes and 1 element.

the .id-lock-... selectors are for use by non-citation templates like
{{Catalog lookup link}}

bg-size `contain` in Minerva and Timeless is too large, so we set a size for them
and then exclude them later
*/
.id-lock-free.id-lock-free a {
	background: url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/6/65/Lock-green.svg)
		right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat;
}

body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .id-lock-free a {
	background-size: contain;													
}

.id-lock-limited.id-lock-limited a,
.id-lock-registration.id-lock-registration a {
	background: url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Lock-gray-alt-2.svg)
		right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat;
}

body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .id-lock-limited a,
body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .id-lock-registration a {
	background-size: contain;
}

.id-lock-subscription.id-lock-subscription a {
	background: url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/a/aa/Lock-red-alt-2.svg)
		right 0.1em center/9px no-repeat;
}

body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .id-lock-subscription a {
	background-size: contain;
}

/* Wikisource
Wikisource icon when |chapter= or |title= is wikilinked to Wikisource
as in cite wikisource
*/
.cs1-ws-icon a {
	background: url(//upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/4/4c/Wikisource-logo.svg)
		right 0.1em center/12px no-repeat;
}

body:not(.skin-timeless):not(.skin-minerva) .cs1-ws-icon a {
	background-size: contain;
}

/* Errors and maintenance */
.cs1-code {
	/* &lt;code&gt;...&lt;/code&gt; style override: mediawiki's css definition is specified here:
	https://git.wikimedia.org/blob/mediawiki%2Fcore.git/
		69cd73811f7aadd093050dbf20ed70ef0b42a713/skins%2Fcommon%2FcommonElements.css#L199
	*/
	color: inherit;
	background: inherit;
	border: none;
	padding: inherit;
}

.cs1-hidden-error {
	display: none;
	color: #d33;
}

.cs1-visible-error {
	color: #d33;
}

.cs1-maint {
	display: none;
	color: #2C882D;
	margin-left: 0.3em;
}

/* Small text size
Set small text size in one place. 0.95 (here) * 0.9 (from references list) is
~0.85, which is the lower bound for size for accessibility. Old styling for this
was just 0.85. We could write the rule so that when this template is inside
references/reflist, only then does it multiply by 0.95; else multiply by 0.85 */
.cs1-format {
	font-size: 95%;
}

/* kerning */
.cs1-kern-left {
	padding-left: 0.2em;
}

.cs1-kern-right {
	padding-right: 0.2em;
}

/* selflinks – avoid bold font style when cs1|2 template links to the current page */
.citation .mw-selflink {
	font-weight: inherit;
}


@media screen {
    html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .cs1-maint {
		color: #18911F;
	}
	
	/* Remove next rule when [[phab:T360562]] is fixed and adjust above usual colors */
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .cs1-visible-error,
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-night .cs1-hidden-error {
		color: #f8a397;
	}
}


@media screen and ( prefers-color-scheme: dark) {
	/* Remove next rule when [[phab:T360562]] is fixed and adjust above usual colors */
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .cs1-visible-error,
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .cs1-hidden-error {
		color: #f8a397;
	}
	
	html.skin-theme-clientpref-os .cs1-maint {
		color: #18911F;
	}
}</text>
      <sha1>cfi06ctzw90t9o0xx77fakj2k7f6896</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:Reflist</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>830</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12525</id>
      <timestamp>2024-07-15T08:36:18Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>42.119.242.132</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;reflist &lt;!-- --&gt;{{#if:{{{1|}}}{{{colwidth|}}}|reflist-columns references-column-width}} &lt;!-- --&gt;{{#switch:{{{liststyle|{{{group|}}}}}}|upper-alpha|upper-roman|lower-alpha|lower-greek|lower-roman=reflist-{{{liststyle|{{{group}}}}}}}} &lt;!-- --&gt;{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{#iferror:{{#ifexpr: {{{1|1}}} &gt; 1 }}||{{#switch:{{{1|}}}|1=|2=reflist-columns-2|#default=reflist-columns-3}} }}}}&quot; &lt;!-- end class --&gt;{{#if: {{{1|}}}&lt;…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12525</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="1059" sha1="geeeydvb5368tzzflcyuzs20a5hlnbz" xml:space="preserve">&lt;templatestyles src=&quot;Reflist/styles.css&quot; /&gt;&lt;div class=&quot;reflist &lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{1|}}}{{{colwidth|}}}|reflist-columns references-column-width}} &lt;!--
--&gt;{{#switch:{{{liststyle|{{{group|}}}}}}|upper-alpha|upper-roman|lower-alpha|lower-greek|lower-roman=reflist-{{{liststyle|{{{group}}}}}}}} &lt;!--
--&gt;{{#if:{{{1|}}}|{{#iferror:{{#ifexpr: {{{1|1}}} &gt; 1 }}||{{#switch:{{{1|}}}|1=|2=reflist-columns-2|#default=reflist-columns-3}} }}}}&quot; &lt;!-- end class
--&gt;{{#if: {{{1|}}}&lt;!-- start style --&gt;
    | {{#iferror: {{#ifexpr: {{{1|1}}} &gt; 1 }} |style=&quot;column-width: {{{1}}};&quot;}}
    | {{#if: {{{colwidth|}}}|style=&quot;column-width: {{{colwidth}}};&quot;}}
    }}&gt;
{{#tag:references|{{{refs|}}}|group={{{group|}}}|responsive={{#if:{{{1|}}}{{{colwidth|}}}|0|1}}}}&lt;/div&gt;{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using reflist with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:Reflist]] with unknown parameter &quot;_VALUE_&quot;|ignoreblank=y| 1 | colwidth | group | liststyle | refs }}&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{Documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>geeeydvb5368tzzflcyuzs20a5hlnbz</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:Reflist/styles.css</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>831</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12526</id>
      <timestamp>2024-07-15T08:36:37Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>42.119.242.132</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「/* {{pp|small=yes}} */ /* can we remove the font size declarations? .references gets a font-size in  * common.css that is always 90, and there is nothing else in reflist out in  * the wild. May affect column sizes.  */ .reflist { 	font-size: 90%;            /* Default font-size */ 	margin-bottom: 0.5em; 	list-style-type: decimal; }  .reflist .references { 	font-size: 100%;           /* Reset font-size when nested in div.reflist */ 	margin-bottom: 0;…」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12526</origin>
      <model>sanitized-css</model>
      <format>text/css</format>
      <text bytes="1407" sha1="9pglv18rwto8wyb2wiymxh52wdd5ut0" xml:space="preserve">/* {{pp|small=yes}} */
/* can we remove the font size declarations? .references gets a font-size in
 * common.css that is always 90, and there is nothing else in reflist out in
 * the wild. May affect column sizes.
 */
.reflist {
	font-size: 90%;            /* Default font-size */
	margin-bottom: 0.5em;
	list-style-type: decimal;
}

.reflist .references {
	font-size: 100%;           /* Reset font-size when nested in div.reflist */
	margin-bottom: 0;          /* Avoid double margin when nested in div.reflist */
	list-style-type: inherit;  /* Enable custom list style types */
}

/* columns-2 and columns-3 are legacy for &quot;2 or more&quot; column view from when the
 * template was implemented with column-count.
 */
.reflist-columns-2 {
	column-width: 30em;
}

.reflist-columns-3 {
	column-width: 25em;
}

/* Reset top margin for lists embedded in columns */
.reflist-columns {
	margin-top: 0.3em;
}

.reflist-columns ol {
	margin-top: 0;
}

/* Avoid elements breaking between columns */
.reflist-columns li {
	page-break-inside: avoid; /* Removed from CSS in favor of break-inside c. 2020 */
	break-inside: avoid-column;
}

.reflist-upper-alpha {
	list-style-type: upper-alpha;
}

.reflist-upper-roman {
	list-style-type: upper-roman;
}

.reflist-lower-alpha {
	list-style-type: lower-alpha;
}

.reflist-lower-greek {
	list-style-type: lower-greek;
}

.reflist-lower-roman {
	list-style-type: lower-roman;
}</text>
      <sha1>9pglv18rwto8wyb2wiymxh52wdd5ut0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:URL</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>833</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12529</id>
      <timestamp>2024-07-15T08:39:24Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>42.119.242.132</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:URL|url}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using URL template with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:URL]] with unknown parameter &quot;_VALUE_&quot;|ignoreblank=y | 1 | 2 }}&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12529</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="329" sha1="a3iaiir0mhs0y2mdlkbw2snyhxnxqwu" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:URL|url}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Check for unknown parameters|check|unknown={{main other|[[Category:Pages using URL template with unknown parameters|_VALUE_{{PAGENAME}}]]}}|preview=Page using [[Template:URL]] with unknown parameter &quot;_VALUE_&quot;|ignoreblank=y | 1 | 2 }}&lt;noinclude&gt;{{documentation}}&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>a3iaiir0mhs0y2mdlkbw2snyhxnxqwu</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:main other</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>834</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12530</id>
      <timestamp>2024-07-15T08:40:04Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>42.119.242.132</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「{{#switch:   &lt;!--If no or empty &quot;demospace&quot; parameter then detect namespace--&gt;   {{#if:{{{demospace|}}}    | {{lc: {{{demospace}}} }}    &lt;!--Use lower case &quot;demospace&quot;--&gt;   | {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{ns:0}}     | main     | other     }}    }} | main     = {{{1|}}} | other | #default = {{{2|}}} }}&lt;noinclude&gt;  {{documentation}} &lt;!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you! --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12530</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="422" sha1="fqcj40f1ojeitvtz4m2eefrp1ymhi6o" xml:space="preserve">{{#switch:
  &lt;!--If no or empty &quot;demospace&quot; parameter then detect namespace--&gt;
  {{#if:{{{demospace|}}} 
  | {{lc: {{{demospace}}} }}    &lt;!--Use lower case &quot;demospace&quot;--&gt;
  | {{#ifeq:{{NAMESPACE}}|{{ns:0}}
    | main
    | other
    }} 
  }}
| main     = {{{1|}}}
| other
| #default = {{{2|}}}
}}&lt;noinclude&gt;

{{documentation}}
&lt;!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage; interwikis go to Wikidata, thank you! --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>fqcj40f1ojeitvtz4m2eefrp1ymhi6o</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:cite book</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>835</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12533</id>
      <parentid>12532</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-07-15T08:43:51Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>42.119.242.132</ip>
      </contributor>
      <origin>12533</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="105" sha1="qjoqipjhrzsmfoh20h2va5ovl2pgcj0" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=book
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>qjoqipjhrzsmfoh20h2va5ovl2pgcj0</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:cite journal</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>836</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12534</id>
      <timestamp>2024-07-15T08:45:36Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>42.119.242.132</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Citation/CS1|citation |CitationClass=journal }}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt; {{documentation}} &lt;/noinclude&gt;」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12534</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="126" sha1="9fcytsszanq7xbwi3p28zsneear9938" xml:space="preserve">&lt;includeonly&gt;{{#invoke:Citation/CS1|citation
|CitationClass=journal
}}&lt;/includeonly&gt;&lt;noinclude&gt;
{{documentation}}
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>9fcytsszanq7xbwi3p28zsneear9938</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>kakivauvaljan:documentation</title>
    <ns>10</ns>
    <id>837</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12535</id>
      <timestamp>2024-07-15T08:46:30Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <ip>42.119.242.132</ip>
      </contributor>
      <comment>建立內容為「{{#invoke:documentation|main|_content={{ {{#invoke:documentation|contentTitle}}}}}}&lt;noinclude&gt; &lt;!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage --&gt; &lt;/noinclude&gt;」的新頁面</comment>
      <origin>12535</origin>
      <model>wikitext</model>
      <format>text/x-wiki</format>
      <text bytes="151" sha1="ii1kftoonz87mztj4siz1yhyqeg6agm" xml:space="preserve">{{#invoke:documentation|main|_content={{ {{#invoke:documentation|contentTitle}}}}}}&lt;noinclude&gt;
&lt;!-- Add categories to the /doc subpage --&gt;
&lt;/noinclude&gt;</text>
      <sha1>ii1kftoonz87mztj4siz1yhyqeg6agm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>MediaWiki:GrowthExperimentsHelpPanel.json</title>
    <ns>8</ns>
    <id>838</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12625</id>
      <parentid>12538</parentid>
      <timestamp>2024-08-28T12:29:23Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Maintenance script</username>
        <id>1</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>Adding version data</comment>
      <origin>12625</origin>
      <model>json</model>
      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="971" sha1="mqx3tzpknkde1b79wf7i8t9napu8ekm" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;$version&quot;: &quot;1.0.0&quot;,
	&quot;GEHelpPanelAskMentor&quot;: &quot;mentor-talk-page&quot;,
	&quot;GEHelpPanelExcludedNamespaces&quot;: [],
	&quot;GEHelpPanelHelpDeskPostOnTop&quot;: &quot;bottom&quot;,
	&quot;GEHelpPanelHelpDeskTitle&quot;: &quot;&quot;,
	&quot;GEHelpPanelLinks&quot;: [
		{
			&quot;title&quot;: &quot;mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide&quot;,
			&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide&quot;,
			&quot;id&quot;: &quot;mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide&quot;
		},
		{
			&quot;title&quot;: &quot;mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Images&quot;,
			&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide&quot;,
			&quot;id&quot;: &quot;mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide&quot;
		},
		{
			&quot;title&quot;: &quot;mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide#Editing references&quot;,
			&quot;text&quot;: &quot;Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User guide&quot;,
			&quot;id&quot;: &quot;mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide&quot;
		}
	],
	&quot;GEHelpPanelReadingModeNamespaces&quot;: [
		2,
		4,
		12
	],
	&quot;GEHelpPanelSearchNamespaces&quot;: [
		4,
		12
	],
	&quot;GEHelpPanelViewMoreTitle&quot;: &quot;&quot;
}</text>
      <sha1>mqx3tzpknkde1b79wf7i8t9napu8ekm</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>MediaWiki:GrowthExperimentsHomepage.json</title>
    <ns>8</ns>
    <id>839</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12539</id>
      <timestamp>2024-07-17T12:10:10Z</timestamp>
      <contributor>
        <username>Maintenance script</username>
        <id>1</id>
      </contributor>
      <comment>machine-generated configuration for migrating GrowthExperiments community configurable options to use CommunityConfiguration Extension ([[phab:T359038]])</comment>
      <origin>12539</origin>
      <model>json</model>
      <format>application/json</format>
      <text bytes="184" sha1="k0elvvxkgwu791vfggbby7ezl6dizjh" xml:space="preserve">{
	&quot;GEHomepageSuggestedEditsIntroLinks&quot;: {
		&quot;create&quot;: &quot;mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide&quot;,
		&quot;image&quot;: &quot;mw:Special:MyLanguage/Help:VisualEditor/User_guide#Images&quot;
	}
}</text>
      <sha1>k0elvvxkgwu791vfggbby7ezl6dizjh</sha1>
    </revision>
  </page>
  <page>
    <title>MediaWiki:GrowthExperimentsMentorship.json</title>
    <ns>8</ns>
    <id>840</id>
    <revision>
      <id>12540</id>
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    <title>singelitanga'en ta 'u 'inaljan.</title>
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      <comment>建立內容為「aicu a sinivecik ni veneng a lja taljtaljan, a se ’apedang.  a nia ‘inaljan i ‘apedang, a nia lja’edi sepiuma a i tjainavalj sekaviyangan a  i tjaiviri. tiamen a se’apedang i pinuikulaljucan tjaljatjuruvuan a cawcau. ayatua tjuruvu a kemasitjuzuma a malivu a semamaza,manasika nametjuruvuangaman. ‘u kivad’an a ramaljeng, “aku pinapungadanan ta ‘apedang a tja’inaljan” ‘u ayain .mayatucu a ‘ivu a ramaljeng,”ka kaljadripungan, dripung…」的新頁面</comment>
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      <text bytes="4466" sha1="lly9k2gmwrvzaeq0vj79qc41fsaka9n" xml:space="preserve">aicu a sinivecik ni veneng a lja taljtaljan, a se ’apedang.

a nia ‘inaljan i ‘apedang, a nia lja’edi sepiuma a i tjainavalj sekaviyangan a  i tjaiviri. tiamen a se’apedang i pinuikulaljucan tjaljatjuruvuan a cawcau. ayatua tjuruvu a kemasitjuzuma a malivu a semamaza,manasika nametjuruvuangaman. ‘u kivad’an a ramaljeng, “aku pinapungadanan ta ‘apedang a tja’inaljan” ‘u ayain .mayatucu a ‘ivu a ramaljeng,”ka kaljadripungan, dripung a napapungadan tazua ’apedang, drinipungan azua a Kai ,patjetucu inika namaumalj, sika inika manu’apedan aza nema” aya ramaljeng. manukemuda ayanga’en.
a nia ‘inaljan izua a tjaljitjiv ta nia pana, dudut ta ‘inaljan, nu kalja’udjaljan ’aca aravac a zaljum cembeng ta pana , izua nu uri sevaca’anga ta ‘inaljan, marekutjamen aravac .ka ivililjanga  veljenginanga a pana,iniangamen a  a magagalj. tu ‘aljutjen a ‘inaljan.nu kalja’udjaljan, pacengceng uta a pulavay a situ ta kaljazulekan.tjuruvu a cawcau a sematjaljitiv a ljemanguy.kumalji a pairang semamazamaza a ljemanguy,a talitu  ta ‘aca a zaljum a makelukelu i tjaljitiv,samalji tiamadju ,saka kisuzalangzangan uta.
izua kamakatalj ‘uaguagu’amen i vavua ,zemulezul aravac, nia sipavengetj a ‘adjay tua  kasiv nua ljuang ,sa vaik a putidje’ a matjaljitjiv a ljemanguy. tazua inikanan a macau’ a ljemanguy,kimaya aluanga ‘u cavilj tazua . ‘aivuina’en ni kaka mayatucu,”pay ljanguyu！cunu azua ‘unu’unu macau’ a ljemanguy, kelju ！‘u patuluay hun” aya ti kaka.marekutja ‘en sa kamaya. ka kintjeluljanga  ti kaka a ’ivu a emutjav tjanua’en, ‘u pukauinanga. tazua ma’avus a ‘en ta ‘u rekutjan, sa ‘u ljupetjenanga ‘u ngudjus sa tjikezem ,sake mintjapulu a pasavacalj.manusepu’pu’ a ‘en,”ainuanga cawcau”aya ti kaka ta salasalad a ma’utja’utjav a kipakikim tjanua’en.malangda’en ta ljingav ni kaka a pa’iya’iyav ta salasalad tu ‘emeljing tjanua’en.marekutja’en tu macay, sipapuljat a ‘u picul, ki’av’av ta ‘u nasi, paru’iyavanga’en a kemavakav, kacuaiyanga,sevaca’anga’en a kemasi tua zaljum i patalad. sa  ’eljingenanga’en ni kaka a pasaljaving, manu inikanga’en a napenancu, sidjelia’en na’usalasalad a ki’azalj, masia ‘en aravac,”sini’aljudaanga su pancu” aya ti kaka, sa sialapanga’en ta itung ni kaka sa paitungananga’en. kemasizua macau’anga’en a ljemanguy.
izua za mataita a  tjaljitiv,nia sazuazuain uta a kivangavang.maljiyan a tjagulj izua, marudjilj nacawcau sa na’edjeljem, sarungua’ a kigururungan,nu mazuamen,maraliralit ta kigururung,sa katjanitjani,a nia lima a kula kata kinacavacavan,savidanga pi’a’pi’a’yan nu  mauma’angamen,kaduduanamen ni kina ni Kama”cunu a nu kerauc savidanga pi’a’pi’a’yan a nu kinacavacavan,ayain itjen,sa pacungalenamen,nukudral a nia pasaliv,pacidingenamen ta zaljum a pinivintang ,saljengseng aravac a nia kula kata lima,palje’aungangamen tua saljengsengan. aiyanga kinakakedriyan nekanu ‘utjavan, amin a ‘uagu kata kivangavang malevaleva sa kamaya.
nu masulesulem  ‘uzinganga tiavuvu a mangtjengtjez a kemasi vavua,ti vuvu i slep ,natemu’ulj tu tjanuita i cepeng ta vurati ta vasa,pumaya tu anema  inalap a lami .a kinarangu ni vuvu, nakitjakururuyanga ta kiniljaceng a tjawtjav a sama’ ,kanaljacenganga a makavavua izua penuljatj.i tjaivililj ti vuvu i kuljelje a navenaca’  ta vinljud a va’u izua nu kasiv ,pinisangas a ljuang a pinatjukuran uta tu drusa  a putjuyan,pinasazuan ta kini’inuman niamadju,izua nu vasa kata kisiapa  ,malaing tu anema inalap.setukez aravac tiavuvu a ‘emuma,inikamen a maulam ta kakanen.
aiyanga tiavuvu, inikanga mapacucun i vavua  a ‘emuma’uma,inikanga pucevucevulj a tapav nia vuvu,nekanga nu tjemautjav i vavua tjanuamen.singlitanga’en tjanumun vuvu.
tucu kedrianga zaljum,mavekeljanga cawcau a sematjaljitiv a ljemanguy,inikanga ‘eringaringalj a i tjaljitiv, nasapuljuanga a i tjaljitjiv.
kavalanga sicuayan,‘aca aravac a zaljum i tjaljitiv samalji itjen.kasicuayan nekanu ’iljang kata cemel.nasamljam a i kalevelevan,naljamcav a zaljum,sarungua’ a tjasinasiyan.nu ‘azemezemetj nasepelju’ a i kalevelevan ta vitjuan a kalikijkij nguangua’ aravac,izua nu pacunamen ta sipanapana’ a vitjuan na temalidu aravac.aza teljar.na ‘ilja’s mapa’ulja a kadjunangan,inikangamen a kiputinaki a pa’ulja ta djalan.aiyanga a kinangua’an nasicuayan,singlitanga’en.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>kamilami</title>
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      <comment>建立內容為「 ===kalivu=== pasu sangas tua drusaidai a cavilj a sinamazan i kamilami nua seamiszuku saka icu niamadju a kamilami.」的新頁面</comment>
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===kalivu===
pasu sangas tua drusaidai a cavilj a sinamazan i kamilami nua seamiszuku saka icu niamadju a kamilami.</text>
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  <page>
    <title>cepeng</title>
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==cepeng(竹簍)==
a cepeng papizuanan tua kinacu nua [[vavayavayan]].</text>
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  <page>
    <title>qaciljai</title>
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      <text bytes="376" sha1="lb38ldbloiz0jcoxzsaw5jrwx3nl5hn" xml:space="preserve">==qaciljai(石頭)==

nguanguaq a inupuan tua qaciljai a djalan i qinaljan.

qaciljai a mui a tja si pacekis nu pumedjek itjen kasicuayan.

djinumulj a qaciljai a pi qipuqipu.


===vincekadan===
vincekadan ta qaciljai a kadjunangan niamadju. aicu a supung sini puqezet tu nimadjuanga cacevaken sa qaciljai.


==lala==
nu izua lala ta qaciljai i veljeluan tjara izua [[gang]].</text>
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  <page>
    <title>lithotherapie</title>
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      <comment>建立內容為「La '''lithothérapie''' est une pratique alternative qui prétend utiliser les énergies des cristaux et des pierres pour améliorer le bien-être physique, émotionnel ou spirituel. Les adeptes de cette discipline croient que chaque pierre possède une énergie ou une vibration unique qui peut interagir avec le corps humain et favoriser l'harmonie. Par exemple, un '''bracelet lithothérapie''' fait de pierres spécifiques est souvent porté pour canaliser l…」的新頁面</comment>
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      <text bytes="6539" sha1="cm3pee8tsp13o140upodop4jhovutgs" xml:space="preserve">La '''lithothérapie''' est une pratique alternative qui prétend utiliser les énergies des cristaux et des pierres pour améliorer le bien-être physique, émotionnel ou spirituel. Les adeptes de cette discipline croient que chaque pierre possède une énergie ou une vibration unique qui peut interagir avec le corps humain et favoriser l'harmonie. Par exemple, un '''bracelet lithothérapie''' fait de pierres spécifiques est souvent porté pour canaliser les bienfaits de ces pierres tout au long de la journée. Cependant, il est important de noter que la lithothérapie est largement considérée comme une pseudoscience, car ses effets n'ont pas été prouvés scientifiquement.

=== Origines et croyances associées ===
Le terme &quot;lithothérapie&quot; vient du grec ancien, où &quot;lithos&quot; signifie &quot;pierre&quot; et &quot;therapeia&quot; signifie &quot;soin&quot;. Cette pratique puise ses racines dans des traditions anciennes qui attribuaient aux minéraux et cristaux des propriétés curatives. Des cultures telles que les Égyptiens, les Grecs ou les civilisations asiatiques utilisaient les pierres précieuses non seulement comme ornements, mais aussi pour leurs supposées vertus médicinales.

En lithothérapie moderne, on considère que les cristaux peuvent absorber, stocker et transmettre des énergies. Cela signifie que certains cristaux sont utilisés pour attirer des énergies positives ou, à l'inverse, pour repousser des énergies négatives. Par exemple, l’améthyste est réputée pour ses propriétés apaisantes et spirituelles, tandis que la turquoise est souvent utilisée pour favoriser la communication et la guérison.

=== Utilisation des pierres en lithothérapie ===
La pratique de la lithothérapie se décline de plusieurs façons, mais le port de bijoux, tels que des '''[https://espacechakra.fr/produit/bracelet-amaigrissant-regime-et-minceur/ bracelets lithothérapie]''', est l'une des méthodes les plus populaires. Ces bracelets sont composés de plusieurs pierres qui sont choisies en fonction de leurs propriétés supposées. Le quartz rose, par exemple, est souvent utilisé dans des bracelets pour favoriser l’amour et la paix intérieure, tandis que l’obsidienne est utilisée pour sa capacité à protéger contre les énergies négatives.

En plus des bijoux, les pierres peuvent être utilisées en méditation, placées dans l'environnement ou même appliquées directement sur la peau dans le cadre de séances de soins. Certains praticiens recommandent aussi de placer des pierres sous l'oreiller ou dans la poche pour renforcer leur effet tout au long de la journée.

=== Controverse et absence de fondement scientifique ===
Malgré la popularité croissante de la lithothérapie dans certains cercles, notamment dans le domaine du bien-être, elle est largement critiquée par la communauté scientifique. Les recherches rigoureuses sur les propriétés curatives des pierres ont démontré que leurs effets sont le plus souvent attribués à l'effet placebo. Selon les sceptiques, il n'y a aucune preuve que les cristaux possèdent des énergies capables de guérir des maladies ou d'améliorer la santé mentale et émotionnelle​

Le manque de preuves scientifiques n’empêche pas pour autant le développement d’un marché florissant autour de cette pratique. On trouve aujourd’hui une large gamme de produits : des bijoux comme les bracelets de lithothérapie, des pierres brutes ou polies, des outils de massage en cristal, et même des accessoires de décoration pour la maison, le tout promettant divers bienfaits pour la santé et le bien-être.

=== Dérives possibles ===
La popularité de la lithothérapie a aussi entraîné certaines dérives. Le Sénat français a, par exemple, publié un rapport documentant des cas où des patients se sont tournés vers des lithothérapeutes au lieu de suivre des traitements médicaux éprouvés, ce qui a conduit à des retards de prise en charge médicale et, dans certains cas, à des issues tragiques​(

Wikipédia, l'encyclopédie libre

). Un exemple marquant est celui d'une femme atteinte de cancer qui, après s'être tournée vers la lithothérapie et avoir dépensé une somme importante pour un &quot;lit de cristal&quot;, est décédée sans avoir reçu les soins médicaux appropriés. Cela souligne les risques d'abandonner les traitements médicaux conventionnels au profit de pratiques non validées.

Les autorités de santé et des associations de lutte contre les dérives sectaires, comme la Miviludes (Mission interministérielle de vigilance et de lutte contre les dérives sectaires), mettent également en garde contre certains praticiens qui profitent de la vulnérabilité des personnes malades ou en quête de bien-être

=== Placebo et biais cognitifs ===
Les bienfaits perçus de la lithothérapie sont souvent attribués à l'effet placebo. L'effet placebo se produit lorsque les croyances d'une personne en l'efficacité d'un traitement provoquent des améliorations réelles ou perçues de son état de santé, même si le traitement lui-même est inactif. Dans le cas de la lithothérapie, la croyance en la puissance des cristaux pourrait suffire à provoquer un sentiment de mieux-être, même en l'absence de toute base scientifique pour justifier cette amélioration.

Il est également important de noter l'impact des '''biais cognitifs''', notamment le biais de confirmation. Les individus qui croient en l’efficacité des pierres ont tendance à se focaliser sur les expériences qui confirment cette croyance, tout en ignorant les résultats négatifs ou neutres. Cela peut renforcer leur conviction que la lithothérapie fonctionne, alors que des preuves objectives manquent pour soutenir cette hypothèse​(

=== Différentes pierres et leurs propriétés supposées ===
En lithothérapie, chaque pierre est associée à des propriétés spécifiques. Voici quelques exemples courants :

* '''Quartz rose''' : Amour, paix intérieure et guérison émotionnelle.
* '''Améthyste''' : Sérénité, méditation et protection spirituelle.
* '''Citrine''' : Énergie, prospérité et motivation.
* '''Obsidienne''' : Protection contre les énergies négatives et introspection.
* '''Turquoise''' : Communication, guérison et équilibre émotionnel.

Ces propriétés sont cependant purement subjectives et varient selon les sources et les croyances des utilisateurs. Il n'existe pas de consensus universel sur les vertus de chaque pierre, et les interprétations peuvent différer d'une culture à l'autre.</text>
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    <title>qaris</title>
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      <comment>/* qaris(雄鷹) */</comment>
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      <text bytes="646" sha1="rpfw7wkxiyu3793xadok8oz04joux0q" xml:space="preserve">==qaris(雄鷹)==
titjen a payuan mamav a ligu nua djemameq tua qaris katua cumai. aicu a qadris mavan a kakipalaljan nua payuan.

===gumac===
gemagalj a [[gumac]] nua qadris. reminkut a gumac nua qaris.

===palalj===
nguaqnguaq a [[palalj]] na qaris.

===qemadris===
[[qemadris]] aya tua mazazangiljan a kipuljailjai tua palalj nua qaris.


===zapetj===
azua pinaka zapetj a palalj nua qaris, namasan kipacaing nua tjaljaljak a mamazangiljan.


===kaljusekusan===
aicu a namasan [[kaljusekusan]] tua palalj nua qaris avana sikipacaing nua rakac.


===pidi===
azua pinaka [[pidi]] a palalj nua qaris, namasan kipacaing nua pualju katua qaqetitan.</text>
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